EP0140108A1 - Reciprocating piston internal-combustion engine - Google Patents

Reciprocating piston internal-combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0140108A1
EP0140108A1 EP84110986A EP84110986A EP0140108A1 EP 0140108 A1 EP0140108 A1 EP 0140108A1 EP 84110986 A EP84110986 A EP 84110986A EP 84110986 A EP84110986 A EP 84110986A EP 0140108 A1 EP0140108 A1 EP 0140108A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
insert
oil
crankshaft
rotation
oil pan
Prior art date
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Granted
Application number
EP84110986A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0140108B1 (en
Inventor
Armin Bauder
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Audi AG
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Audi NSU Auto Union AG
Audi AG
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01MLUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M11/00Component parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M9/00

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the insert extends at a short distance from the movement path of the connecting rods from one longitudinal edge of the lower opening of the cylinder crankcase to the other longitudinal edge, and it is provided with openings near these two longitudinal edges which is to drain the oil entrained by the rotating parts of the crankshaft down into the space between the insert and the oil pan.
  • the insert is adapted to the movement path of the connecting rods, due to the position of the openings in the upper region of the insert, oil can accumulate in the lower region into which the connecting rod heads are immersed, so that oil flange losses occur despite the use.
  • the insert known from DE-OS 19 48 186 cannot prevent this displacement of the oil, since the dynamic pressure through the openings on one side of the insert can act on the oil in the oil pan underneath and also in the area of the openings on the other side a swirl is generated by the use of the air vortex, which supports the passage of oil from these openings into the range of motion of the connecting rod heads and crank arms.
  • the invention has for its object to reduce the immersion of the connecting rod heads and the crank arms in the oil and the resulting power loss to a minimum with little effort in a reciprocating internal combustion engine of the type specified.
  • the insert extends without interruption from that longitudinal edge of the lower opening of the cylinder crankcase, which lies behind the plane containing the cylinder center axes in the direction of rotation of the crankshaft, essentially up to this plane, in the opposite direction of rotation, and that in the separates said rotation lagging region of the oil pan from the interior of the cylinder crankcase.
  • the proposal according to the invention prevents the oil in the oil pan from being displaced into the area of the connecting rod heads and crank webs by the dynamic pressure generated by the air vortex mentioned above.
  • the insert preferably extends only substantially to the plane containing the cylinder central axes, its free longitudinal edge being above the oil level in the oil pan.
  • the insert is provided with depressions, the side walls of which extend close to the running circles of the adjacent crank webs and the deepest point of which lies on the free longitudinal edge of the insert.
  • the insert In order to ensure that there is always a distance between the free longitudinal edge of the insert and the oil level which occurs during operation, which prevents oil from entering the oil pan into the insert at least largely prevented, it is advisable to adapt the insert, at least in its rear area in the direction of rotation, to the cross-section of the movement paths of the crank cheeks and the connecting rod heads, i.e. to form it approximately in a quarter circle, so that the oil displaced during acceleration, when driving uphill and due to the air movement in the crankcase behind or can rise under the insert and the oil level lowers in the area of the free longitudinal edge of the insert.
  • the insert can also extend from one longitudinal edge of the lower opening to the other, openings in the area between the longitudinal edge of the lower opening of the cylinder crankcase lagging in relation to the direction of rotation of the crankshaft and the plane containing the cylinder central axes the outflow of the oil from the crankshaft bearings into the underlying oil pan are provided.
  • Fig. 1, 1 denotes a cylinder crankcase, which has a plurality of cylinder bores 2 and in which a crankshaft 3 is mounted via bearings 4.
  • the crankshaft 3 is composed of the base bearing journals 5 mounted in the bearings 4, the connecting rod bearing journals 6 arranged between adjacent base bearing journals 5 and the crank cheeks 7 designed as balancing weights and connecting the connecting rod bearing journals 6 with the base bearing journals 5.
  • the number of connecting rod bearing journals 6 corresponds to the number of cylinder bores 2, and each connecting rod bearing journal 6 is connected by means of a connecting rod 8 to a reciprocating piston 9 arranged in the associated cylinder bore 2.
  • the cylinder crankcase 1 is too open at the bottom and its lower opening 10 is closed by a flanged oil pan 11.
  • a suction basket 12 of a lubricating oil pump is arranged in the oil pan in the usual way.
  • an insert 13 is arranged which extends essentially over the entire length of the lower opening 10 of the cylinder crankcase 1 and, as can be seen in particular from FIGS. 3 and 4, from the plane 14 in which the cylinder central axes lie, extends in the direction of rotation D of the crankshaft 3 up to the relevant longitudinal edge 15 of the lower opening 10 of the cylinder crankcase 1.
  • the insert 13 is provided with depressions 16, the side walls 17 of which extend close to the running circles 18 of the crank webs 7 and run parallel to these, as can be seen from FIG. 3.
  • the deepest point 19 of each recess lies on the free longitudinal edge 20 of the insert 13.
  • the insert 13 is narrow in its rear region in the direction of rotation D, adapted to the raceway 21 (connecting rod violin) of the connecting rods 8 or connecting rod heads 8a, as can be seen in particular from FIG. 4.
  • the free edge 20 of the insert 13 lies in the region of the pockets 22 at such a distance from the oil level 23 that normally no oil can get into the pockets 22 from the oil pan 11, but as deeply as possible so that little oil can collect in the pockets 22.
  • a drain hole can be provided at the deepest point of each pocket 22.
  • the insert 13 prevents the oil that is caught by the rotational movement of the crankshaft 3 from the oil pan 11 in the direction of rotation D of the crank Wave ver in the Fig. 3 and 4 right part of the oil pan 11 drärigt. Without the insert 13, the oil level 24 shown in broken lines in FIG. 4 would occur, at which, as can be seen, at least the connecting rod heads 8a would be immersed in the oil. This is effectively avoided by insert 13.
  • the insert 13 By adapting the insert 13 to the raceways 18 and 21 of the crank webs 7 and the connecting rods 8 and connecting rod heads 8a in the rear area in the direction of rotation D, the oil displaced by the aforementioned air movement can rise under the insert 13, with which the oil level in the The area of the free edge 20 of the insert 13 is lowered and the security against oil entering the pockets 22 is increased, especially since the aim is to pull the free edge 20 in the area of the pockets 22 as deep as possible in order to increase the oil level in the pockets 22 to keep low.
  • the insert 13 also prevents the oil from getting into the range of motion of the connecting rods or connecting rod heads of the rear cylinders in the direction of travel when negotiating inclines and accelerating.
  • the insert 13 can consist of sheet metal or plastic and is screwed onto the underside of the cylinder crankcase 1 by means of screws 25.
  • FIG. 2 differs from that of FIG. 2 essentially only in that the insert 13a extends from one longitudinal edge 15a to the other longitudinal edge 30 of the lower opening 10a of the cylinder crankcase la and in the area between the trailing longitudinal edge 30 and the plane 14a containing the cylinder central axes is provided with openings 32 for the outflow of the oil from the crankshaft bearings 4a into the underlying oil pan.
  • the webs 31 thus formed stiffen the longitudinal edge 19a and prevent the same from swinging during operation.
  • the webs 31 are preferably arranged in the plane of the crankshaft bearings 4a, but are considerably narrower than this, so that the outflow of the oil from these bearings is not hindered by the webs 31.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Lubrication Details And Ventilation Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Lubrication Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

Bei einer Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine, insbesondere für Fahrzeuge dessen unten offenes Zylinderkurbelgehäuse 1 durch eine Ölwanne 11 abgeschlossen ist, ist zwischen der Kurbelwelle 3 und dem Boden der Ölwanne 11 ein Einsatz 13 angeordnet, der sich über die ganze Lange der unteren Öffnung des Zylinderkurbelgehäuses 1 und in Querrichtung etwa von der Ebene, in der die Zylinderlängsachsen liegen, in Drehrichtung D der Kurbelwelle bis zur betreffenden Längskante der genannten unteren Öffnung erstreckt. Durch den Einsatz 13 wird verhindert, daß die durch die Drehung der Kurbelwelle 3 in Rotation versetzte Luft Öl aus der Ölwanne 11 in Wellendrehrichtung D bis in den Bewegungsbereich der Pleuel 8 und der Kurbelwangen 7 verdrängt. Andererseits kann das aus den Wellenlagern 4 austretende Spritzöl außerhalb des Einsatzes 13 direkt und im Bereich des Einsatzes 13 über die Vertiefungen 16 in die Ölwanne 11 gelangen. Durch die Seitenwände 17 der Vertiefungen 16 wird ein Übertreten von Spritzöl in den Bewegungsbereich der Kurbelwangen 7 oder Pleuel 8 bzw. Pleuelköpfe 8a weitgehend vermieden.In a reciprocating internal combustion engine, in particular for vehicles whose bottom open cylinder crankcase 1 is closed by an oil pan 11, an insert 13 is arranged between the crankshaft 3 and the bottom of the oil pan 11, which extends over the entire length of the lower opening of the cylinder crankcase 1 and extends in the transverse direction approximately from the plane in which the longitudinal axes of the cylinders lie, in the direction of rotation D of the crankshaft, to the relevant longitudinal edge of said lower opening. The insert 13 prevents the air set in rotation by the rotation of the crankshaft 3 from displacing oil from the oil pan 11 in the direction of shaft rotation D into the range of motion of the connecting rods 8 and the crank webs 7. On the other hand, the spray oil emerging from the shaft bearings 4 can get into the oil pan 11 directly outside the insert 13 and in the area of the insert 13 via the depressions 16. The side walls 17 of the depressions 16 largely prevent splash oil from passing into the range of motion of the crank webs 7 or connecting rods 8 or connecting rod heads 8a.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Hubkolben - Brennkraftmaschine entsprechend dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1.

Bei einer bekannten Brennkraftmaschine dieser Art (DE-OS 19 48 186) erstreckt sich der Einsatz in geringem Abstand von der Bewegungsbahn der Pleuel von einer Längskante der unteren öffnung des Zylinderkurbelgehäuses zur anderen Längskante, und er ist nahe dieser beiden Längskanten mit Öffnungen versehen, durch welche das von den umlaufenden Teilen der Kurbelwelle mitgerissene Öl nach unten in den Raum zwischen dem Einsatz und der ölwanne abfließen soll. Obgleich der Einsatz an die Bewegungsbahn der Pleuel angepaßt ist, kann sich wegen der Lage der Öffnungen im oberen Bereich des Einsatzes Öl in dessen unteren Bereich ansammeln, in das die Pleuelköpfe eintauchen, sodaß trotz des Einsatzes Ölpanschverluste eintreten.In a known internal combustion engine of this type (DE-OS 19 48 186), the insert extends at a short distance from the movement path of the connecting rods from one longitudinal edge of the lower opening of the cylinder crankcase to the other longitudinal edge, and it is provided with openings near these two longitudinal edges which is to drain the oil entrained by the rotating parts of the crankshaft down into the space between the insert and the oil pan. Although the insert is adapted to the movement path of the connecting rods, due to the position of the openings in the upper region of the insert, oil can accumulate in the lower region into which the connecting rod heads are immersed, so that oil flange losses occur despite the use.

Es hat sich nun gezeigt, daß auch bei Hubkolben - Brennkraftmaschinen, bei denen der Ölspiegel in der Ölwanne normalerweise unter den Bewegungsbahnen der Pleuelköpfe und der Kurbelwangen liegt, erhebliche Verluste durch ölpanschen eintreten. Eine Untersuchung dieses Phänomens hat ergeben, daß die Luft im Kurbelgehäuse durch die Drehung der Kurbelwelle von den Pleuelköpfen und den Kurbelwangen mitgerissen wird und mit großer Geschwindigkeit im Kurbelgehäuse in Drehrichtung der Kurbelwelle rotiert. Durch diese rotierende Luft wird ein Staudruck erzeugt, der auf das Öl in der Ölwanne wirkt und dieses Öl in Drehrichtung der Kurbelwelle verdrängt, sodaß es in den Bewegungsbereich der Pleuelköpfe und Kurbelwangen kommt. Der aus der DE-OS 19 48 186 bekannte Einsatz kann diese Verdrängung des öls nicht verhindern, da der Staudruck durch die Öffnungen auf der einen Seite des Einsatzes auf das Öl in der darunterliegenden ölwanne wirken kann und außerdem im Bereich der Öffnungen auf der anderen Seite des Einsatzes durch den Luftwirbel ein Sog erzeugt wird, der das Obertreten von Öl aus diesen Öffnungen in den Bewegungsbereich der Pleuelköpfe und Kurbelwangen unterstützt.It has now been shown that even in reciprocating piston internal combustion engines, in which the oil level in the oil pan is normally below the movement paths of the connecting rod heads and the crank arms, considerable losses occur due to oil panes. An investigation of this phenomenon has shown that the air in the crankcase is entrained by the connecting rod heads and the crank cheeks due to the rotation of the crankshaft and rotates at high speed in the crankcase in the direction of rotation of the crankshaft. This rotating air creates a dynamic pressure which acts on the oil in the oil pan and displaces this oil in the direction of rotation of the crankshaft, so that it comes into the range of motion of the connecting rod heads and crank cheeks. The insert known from DE-OS 19 48 186 cannot prevent this displacement of the oil, since the dynamic pressure through the openings on one side of the insert can act on the oil in the oil pan underneath and also in the area of the openings on the other side a swirl is generated by the use of the air vortex, which supports the passage of oil from these openings into the range of motion of the connecting rod heads and crank arms.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, bei einer Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine der angegebenen Art das Eintauchen der Pleuelköpfe und der Kurbelwangen in das Öl und die dadurch hervorgerufenes Verlustleistung mit geringem Aufwand auf ein Minimum zu verringern.The invention has for its object to reduce the immersion of the connecting rod heads and the crank arms in the oil and the resulting power loss to a minimum with little effort in a reciprocating internal combustion engine of the type specified.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß sich der Einsatz ohne Unterbrechung von derjenigen Längskante der unteren Öffnung des Zylinderkurbelgehäuses,die in Drehrichtung der Kurbelwelle hinter der die Zylindermittelachsen enthaltenden Ebene liegt, entgegen der genannten Drehrichtung im wesentlichen bis zu dieser Ebene erstreckt und den in der genannten Drehrichtung nacheilenden Bereich der Ölwanne von dem Innenraum des Zylinderkurbelgehäuses trennt.This object is achieved in that the insert extends without interruption from that longitudinal edge of the lower opening of the cylinder crankcase, which lies behind the plane containing the cylinder center axes in the direction of rotation of the crankshaft, essentially up to this plane, in the opposite direction of rotation, and that in the separates said rotation lagging region of the oil pan from the interior of the cylinder crankcase.

Durch den erfindungsgemäßen Vorschlag wird verhindert, daß das öl in der Ölwanne durch den Staudruck, der von dem vorher erwähnten Luftwirbel erzeugt wird, in den Bereich der Pleuelköpfe und Kurbelwangen verdrängt wird.The proposal according to the invention prevents the oil in the oil pan from being displaced into the area of the connecting rod heads and crank webs by the dynamic pressure generated by the air vortex mentioned above.

Vorzugsweise erstreckt sich der Einsatz nur im wesentlichen bis zu der genannten die Zylindermittelachsen enthaltenden Ebene, wobei seine freie Längskante oberhalb des Ölspiegels in der Ölwanne liegt. Unterhalb der Kurbelwellenlager ist der Einsatz mit Vertiefungen versehen, deren Seitenwände sich bis nahe an die Laufkreise der benachbarten Kurbelwangen erstrecken und deren tiefste Stelle an der freien Längskante des Einsatzes liegt. Dadurch kann bereits etwa die Hälfte des aus den Kurbelwellenlagern austretenden Spritzöls direkt in die Ölwanne gelangen, während die andere Hälfte in die unterhalb der Kurbelwellenlager angeordneten Vertiefungen abtropft und von dort in die ölwanne abfließen kann. Da die Seitenwände diese Vertiefungen bis nahe an den Laufkreis der Kurbelwangen herangezogen sind, kann nur sehr wenig Öl in den Bereich des Einsatzes gelangen, in dem die Kurbelwangen und die Pleuelköpfe umlaufen.The insert preferably extends only substantially to the plane containing the cylinder central axes, its free longitudinal edge being above the oil level in the oil pan. Below the crankshaft bearings, the insert is provided with depressions, the side walls of which extend close to the running circles of the adjacent crank webs and the deepest point of which lies on the free longitudinal edge of the insert. As a result, about half of the spray oil emerging from the crankshaft bearings can already go directly into the oil pan, while the other half drips into the depressions arranged below the crankshaft bearings and can flow from there into the oil pan. Since the side walls of these depressions are drawn close to the running circle of the crank cheeks, very little oil can get into the area of the insert in which the crank cheeks and the connecting rod heads circulate.

Um zu gewährleisten, daß zwischen der freien Längskante des Einsatzes und dem sich 'im Betrieb einstellenden ölspiegels stets ein Abstand vorhanden ist, der das Obertreten von öl aus der ölwanne in den Einsatz zumindest weitgehend verhindert, Ist es zweckmäßig, den Einsatz zumindest in seinem in Drehrichtung hinteren Bereich im Querschnitt den Bewegungsbahnen der Kurbelwangen und der Pleuelköpfe anzupassen, also etwa viertelkreisförmig auszubilden, sodaß das beim Beschleunigen, beim Bergfahren sowie durch die Luftbewegung im Kurbelgehäuse verdrängte Öl hinter bzw. unter dem Einsatz ansteigen kann und sich der Ölspiegel im Bereich der freien Längskante des Einsatzes absenkt.In order to ensure that there is always a distance between the free longitudinal edge of the insert and the oil level which occurs during operation, which prevents oil from entering the oil pan into the insert at least largely prevented, it is advisable to adapt the insert, at least in its rear area in the direction of rotation, to the cross-section of the movement paths of the crank cheeks and the connecting rod heads, i.e. to form it approximately in a quarter circle, so that the oil displaced during acceleration, when driving uphill and due to the air movement in the crankcase behind or can rise under the insert and the oil level lowers in the area of the free longitudinal edge of the insert.

Um die Stabilität des Einsatzes zu erhöhen, kann dieser sich auch von einer Längskante der unteren öffnung zur anderen erstrecken, wobei in dem Bereich zwischen der in bezug auf die Drehrichtung der Kurbelwelle nacheilenden Längskante der unteren öffnung des Zylinderkurbelgehäuses und der die Zylindermittelachsen enthaltenden Ebene Durchbrüche für den Abfluß des Öls aus den Kurbelwellenlagern in die darunterliegende Ölwanne vorgesehen sind.In order to increase the stability of the insert, it can also extend from one longitudinal edge of the lower opening to the other, openings in the area between the longitudinal edge of the lower opening of the cylinder crankcase lagging in relation to the direction of rotation of the crankshaft and the plane containing the cylinder central axes the outflow of the oil from the crankshaft bearings into the underlying oil pan are provided.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung mit einer Abwandlung wird im folgenden unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen beschrieben. Es zeigt:

  • Fig. 1 einen Querschnitt eines Zylinderkurbelgehäuses einer Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine mit angeflanschter Ölwanne,
  • Fig. 2·eine Ansicht des Zylinderkurbelgehäuses von Fig. 1 von unten, wobei die ölwanne weggelassen ist,
  • Fig. 3 einen Schnitt entlang Linie 3-3 in Fig. 1
  • Fig. 4 einen Schnitt entlang Linie 4-4 in Fig. 1 und
  • Fig. 5 eine Ansicht ähnlich Fig. 2 mit einem abgewandelten Einsatz.
An embodiment of the invention with a modification is described below with reference to the drawings. It shows:
  • 1 shows a cross section of a cylinder crankcase of a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine with a flanged oil pan,
  • 2 is a bottom view of the cylinder crankcase of FIG. 1, with the oil pan omitted,
  • 3 shows a section along line 3-3 in FIG. 1
  • Fig. 4 is a section along line 4-4 in Fig. 1 and
  • Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 2 with a modified insert.

In Fig. 1 ist mit 1 ein Zylinderkurbelgehäuse bezeichnet, das mehrere Zylinderbohrungen 2 aufweist und in dem eine Kurbelwelle 3 über Lager 4 gelagert ist. Die Kurbelwelle 3 setzt sich aus den in den Lagern 4 gelagerten Grundlagerzapfen 5, den zwischen benachbarten Grundlagerzapfen 5 angeordneten Pleuellagerzapfen 6 und den die Pleuellagerzapfen 6 mit den Grundlagerzapfen 5 verbindenden, als Ausgleichgewichte ausgebildeten Kurbelwangen 7 zusammen. Die Anzahl der Pleuellagerzapfen 6 entspricht der Anzahl der Zylinderbohrungen 2, und jeder Pleuellagerzapfen 6 ist mittels eines Pleuels 8 mit einem in der zugehörigen Zylinderbohrung 2 angeordneten Hubkolben 9 verbunden.In Fig. 1, 1 denotes a cylinder crankcase, which has a plurality of cylinder bores 2 and in which a crankshaft 3 is mounted via bearings 4. The crankshaft 3 is composed of the base bearing journals 5 mounted in the bearings 4, the connecting rod bearing journals 6 arranged between adjacent base bearing journals 5 and the crank cheeks 7 designed as balancing weights and connecting the connecting rod bearing journals 6 with the base bearing journals 5. The number of connecting rod bearing journals 6 corresponds to the number of cylinder bores 2, and each connecting rod bearing journal 6 is connected by means of a connecting rod 8 to a reciprocating piston 9 arranged in the associated cylinder bore 2.

Das Zylinderkurbelgehäuse 1 Ist nach unten zu offen und seine untere Öffnung 10 Ist durch eine angeflanschte Ölwanne 11 abgeschlossen. In der ölwanne Ist in üblicher Weise ein Saugkorb 12 einer Schmierölpumpe angeordnet. Zwischen der Kurbelwelle 3 und dem Boden der Ölwanne 11 ist ein Einsatz 13 angeordnet, der sich im wesentlichen über die ganze Länge der unteren Öffnung 10 des Zylinderkurbelgehäuses 1 und, wie insbesondere aus Fig. 3 und 4 ersichtlich ist, von der Ebene 14, in der die Zylindermittelachsen liegen, in Drehrichtung D der Kurbelwelle 3 bis zu der betreffenden Längskante 15 der unteren öffnung 10 des Zylinderkurbelgehäuses 1 erstreckt. Unterhalb der Kurbelwellenlager 4 ist der Einsatz 13 mit Vertiefungen 16 versehen, deren Seitenwände 17 sich bis nahe an die Laufkreise 18 der Kurbelwangen 7 erstrecken und parallel zu diesen verlaufen, wie aus Fig. 3 ersichtlich ist. Die tiefste Stelle 19 jeder Vertiefung liegt an der freien Längskante 20 des Einsatzes 13. Zwischen den Vertiefungen 16 ist der Einsatz 13 in seinem in Drehrichtung D hinteren Bereich eng, an die Läufbahn 21 (Pleuelgeige) der Pleuel 8 bzw. der Pleuelköpfe 8a angepaßt, wie insbesondere aus Fig. 4 ersichtlich ist. Dadurch entstehen zwischen benachbarten Vertiefungen 16 Taschen 22. Die freie Kante 20 des Einsatzes 13 liegt im Bereich der Taschen 22 in einem solchen Abstand vom ölspiegel 23, daß normalerweise kein öl aus der Ölwanne 11 in die Taschen 22 gelangen kann, jedoch möglichst tief, damit sich nur wenig öl in den Taschen 22 sammeln kann.The cylinder crankcase 1 is too open at the bottom and its lower opening 10 is closed by a flanged oil pan 11. A suction basket 12 of a lubricating oil pump is arranged in the oil pan in the usual way. Between the crankshaft 3 and the bottom of the oil pan 11, an insert 13 is arranged which extends essentially over the entire length of the lower opening 10 of the cylinder crankcase 1 and, as can be seen in particular from FIGS. 3 and 4, from the plane 14 in which the cylinder central axes lie, extends in the direction of rotation D of the crankshaft 3 up to the relevant longitudinal edge 15 of the lower opening 10 of the cylinder crankcase 1. Below the crankshaft bearing 4, the insert 13 is provided with depressions 16, the side walls 17 of which extend close to the running circles 18 of the crank webs 7 and run parallel to these, as can be seen from FIG. 3. The deepest point 19 of each recess lies on the free longitudinal edge 20 of the insert 13. Between the recesses 16, the insert 13 is narrow in its rear region in the direction of rotation D, adapted to the raceway 21 (connecting rod violin) of the connecting rods 8 or connecting rod heads 8a, as can be seen in particular from FIG. 4. This creates 16 pockets 22 between adjacent recesses. The free edge 20 of the insert 13 lies in the region of the pockets 22 at such a distance from the oil level 23 that normally no oil can get into the pockets 22 from the oil pan 11, but as deeply as possible so that little oil can collect in the pockets 22.

Das aus den Kurbelwellenlagern 4 austretende Spritzöl kann etwa zur Hälfte durch den von dem Einsatz 13 nicht überdeckten Bereich der unteren öffnung 10 des Zylinderkurbelgehäuses 1 direkt in die ölwanne 11 gelangen. Der restliche Teil des Spritzöls gelangt in die Vertiefungen 16 und kann von dort in die ölwanne 11 abfließen, da ihre tiefste Stelle 19 an der freien Kante 20 liegt. Die Neigung des Bodens der Vertiefungen 19 zur Waagrechten kannz.B. 3° betragen. Da die seitlichen Begrenzungswände 17 der Vertiefungen 16 bis nahe an die Laufbahnen 18 der Kurbelwangen 7 herangezogen sind, kann nur wenig Öl in den Bewegungsbereich der Kurbelwangen 7 und in die Taschen 22 gelangen. Die geringe Ölmenge, die sich in den Taschen 22 ansammeln kann, wird von den Pleuelköpfen 8a immer wieder mitgenommen und in die ölwanne 11 geschleudert. Gegebenenfalls kann an der tiefsten Stelle jeder Tasche 22 eine Ablaufbohrung vorgesehen werden. Der Einsatz 13 verhindert vor allem, daß die durch die Drehbewegung der Kurbelwelle 3 mit erissene Luft Öl aus der Ölwanne 11 in der Drehrichtung D der Kurbelwelle in den in Fig. 3 und 4 rechten Teil der ölwanne 11 ver drärigt. Ohne den Einsatz 13 würde sich dabei der in Fig. 4 strichpunktiert eingezeichnete Ölspiegel 24 einstellen, bei dem, wie ersichtlich, zumindest die Pleuelköpfe 8a in das Öl eintauchen würden. Durch den Einsatz 13 wird dies wirksam vermieden. Durch die Anpassung des Einsatzes 13 an die Laufbahnen 18 bzw. 21 der Kurbelwangen 7 und der Pleuel 8 bzw. Pleuelköpfe 8a in dem in Drehrichtung D hinteren Bereich kann das durch die erwähnte Luftbewegung verdrängte Öl unter dem Einsatz 13 ansteigen, womit sich der Ölspiegel im Bereich der freien Kante 20 des Einsatzes 13 absenkt und die Sicherheit gegen ein Öbertreten von Öl in die Taschen 22 erhöht wird, zumal anzustreben ist, daß die freie Kante 20 im Bereich der Taschen 22 möglichst tief gezogen wird, um den Ölstand in den Taschen 22 gering zu halten. Der Einsatz 13 verhindert auch, daß beim Befahren von Steigungen und beim Beschleunigen das öl in den Bewegungsbereich der Pleuel bzw. Pleuelköpfe der in Fahrtrichtung hinteren Zylinder gelangt.About half of the spray oil emerging from the crankshaft bearings 4 can get directly into the oil pan 11 through the area of the lower opening 10 of the cylinder crankcase 1 which is not covered by the insert 13. The rest of the spray oil gets into the recesses 16 and can flow from there into the oil pan 11, since its deepest point 19 lies on the free edge 20. The inclination of the bottom of the recesses 19 to the horizontal can e.g. 3 °. Since the lateral boundary walls 17 of the depressions 16 are drawn close to the raceways 18 of the crank arms 7, only a little oil can get into the range of motion of the crank arms 7 and into the pockets 22. The small amount of oil that can accumulate in the pockets 22 is always taken away by the connecting rod heads 8a and thrown into the oil pan 11. If necessary, a drain hole can be provided at the deepest point of each pocket 22. Above all, the insert 13 prevents the oil that is caught by the rotational movement of the crankshaft 3 from the oil pan 11 in the direction of rotation D of the crank Wave ver in the Fig. 3 and 4 right part of the oil pan 11 drärigt. Without the insert 13, the oil level 24 shown in broken lines in FIG. 4 would occur, at which, as can be seen, at least the connecting rod heads 8a would be immersed in the oil. This is effectively avoided by insert 13. By adapting the insert 13 to the raceways 18 and 21 of the crank webs 7 and the connecting rods 8 and connecting rod heads 8a in the rear area in the direction of rotation D, the oil displaced by the aforementioned air movement can rise under the insert 13, with which the oil level in the The area of the free edge 20 of the insert 13 is lowered and the security against oil entering the pockets 22 is increased, especially since the aim is to pull the free edge 20 in the area of the pockets 22 as deep as possible in order to increase the oil level in the pockets 22 to keep low. The insert 13 also prevents the oil from getting into the range of motion of the connecting rods or connecting rod heads of the rear cylinders in the direction of travel when negotiating inclines and accelerating.

Der Einsatz 13 kann aus Blech oder Kunststoff bestehen und wird mittels Schrauben 25 an die Unterseite des Zylinderkurbelgehäuses 1 angeschraubt.The insert 13 can consist of sheet metal or plastic and is screwed onto the underside of the cylinder crankcase 1 by means of screws 25.

Das Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Fig. unterscheidet sich von demjenigen gemäß Fig. 2 im wesentlichen nur dadurch, daßsich der Einsatz 13a von der einen Längskante 15a bis zur anderen Längskante 30 der unteren öffnung 10 a des Zylinderkurbelgehäuses la erstreckt und in dem Bereich zwischen der nacheilenden Längskante 30 und der die Zylindermittelachsen enthaltenden Ebene 14a mit Durchbrüchen 32 für den Abfluß des Öls aus den Kurbelwellenlagern 4a in die darunterliegende Ölwanne versehen ist. Die dadurch gebildeten Stege 31 versteifen die Längskante 19a und verhindern ein Schwingen derselben im Betrieb. Die Stege 31 sind vorzugsweise in der Ebene der Kurbelwellenlager 4a angeordnet, sind jedoch beträchtlich schmaler als diese, so daß der Abfluß des Öls aus diesen Lagern durch die Stege 31 nicht behindert wird.The embodiment of FIG. 2 differs from that of FIG. 2 essentially only in that the insert 13a extends from one longitudinal edge 15a to the other longitudinal edge 30 of the lower opening 10a of the cylinder crankcase la and in the area between the trailing longitudinal edge 30 and the plane 14a containing the cylinder central axes is provided with openings 32 for the outflow of the oil from the crankshaft bearings 4a into the underlying oil pan. The webs 31 thus formed stiffen the longitudinal edge 19a and prevent the same from swinging during operation. The webs 31 are preferably arranged in the plane of the crankshaft bearings 4a, but are considerably narrower than this, so that the outflow of the oil from these bearings is not hindered by the webs 31.

Claims (5)

1. Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine, insbesondere für Fahrzeuge mit einem Zylinderkurbelgehäuse (1) mit einer Mehrzahl von Zylindern (2) mit in einer gemeinsamen Ebene (14) liegenden Mittelachsen, in dem über Lager (4) eine Kurbelwelle (3) mit Pleuellagerzapfen (6) und Kurbelwangen (7) gelagert ist und das eine untere öffnung (10) mit parallel zur Kurbelwelle (3) verlaufenden Längskanten aufweist, die von einer ölwanne (11) abgeschlossen ist, und mit einem zwischen der Kurbelwelle (3) und dem Boden der Ölwanne (11) angeordneten Einsatz (13), der sich im wesentlichen über die ganze Länge der unteren Öffnung (10) des Zylinderkurbelgehäuses (1) erstreckt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich der Einsatz (13) ohne Unterbrechung von derjenigen Längskante (15) der unteren öffnung (10) des Zylinderkurbelgehäuses (1), die in Drehrichtung (D) der Kurbelwelle (3) hinter der die Zylindermittelachsen enthalten den Ebene,(14) liegt, entgegen der genannten Drehrichtung (D) im wesentlichen bis zu dieser Ebene (14) erstreckt und den in der genannten Drehrichtung (D) voreilenden Bereich der ölwanne (11) von dem Innenraum des Zylinderkurbelgehäuses (1) trennt.1. reciprocating piston internal combustion engine, in particular for vehicles with a cylinder crankcase (1) with a plurality of cylinders (2) with central axes lying in a common plane (14), in which a crankshaft (3) with connecting rod bearing journal (6 ) and crank webs (7) and which has a lower opening (10) with longitudinal edges running parallel to the crankshaft (3), which is closed by an oil pan (11), and with one between the crankshaft (3) and the bottom of the Oil pan (11) arranged insert (13) which extends substantially over the entire length of the lower opening (10) of the cylinder crankcase (1), characterized in that the insert (13) extends without interruption from that longitudinal edge (15) of the Lower opening (10) of the cylinder crankcase (1), which lies in the direction of rotation (D) of the crankshaft (3) behind which the cylinder central axes contain the plane (14), essentially up to this plane, counter to the mentioned direction of rotation (D) e (14) extends and separates the area of the oil pan (11) leading in the direction of rotation (D) from the interior of the cylinder crankcase (1). 2. Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich der Einsatz (13) im wesentlichen nur bis zu der genannten Ebene (14) erstreckt, daß seine freie Längskante (20) oberhalb des ölspiegels in der ölwanne (11) liegt,und daß er unterhalb der Kurbelwellenlager'(4) mit Vertiefungen (16) versehen ist, deren Seitenwände (17) sich bis nahe an die Laufkreise der benachbarten Kurbelwangen (7) erstrecken und deren tiefste Stelle (19) an der freien Längskante (20) des Einsatzes (13) liegt.2. Reciprocating internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the insert (13) extends essentially only up to the said plane (14), that its free longitudinal edge (20) lies above the oil level in the oil pan (11), and that it is provided below the crankshaft bearings' (4) with depressions (16), the side walls (17) of which extend close to the running circles of the adjacent crank webs (7) and the lowest point (19) of which on the free longitudinal edge (20) of the insert (13). 3. Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Einsatz (13) im Bereich (22) zwischen benachbarten Vertiefungen (16) in dem in Drehrichtung (D) der Kurbelwelle (3) hinteren Bereich eng an die Laufbahn (21) der Pleuel (8) angepaßt ist.3. Reciprocating internal combustion engine according to claim 2, characterized in that the insert (13) in the area (22) between adjacent recesses (16) in the direction of rotation (D) of the crankshaft (3) rear area closely to the raceway (21) the connecting rod (8) is adapted. 4. Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich der Einsatz (13a) von der einen Längskante (15a) bis zur anderen Längskante (30) der unteren öffnung (10a) des Zylnnderkurbelgehäuses (la) erstreckt und in dem Bereich zwischen der in bezug auf die genannte Drehrichtung (D) nacheilenden Längskante (30) der unteren öffnung (10a) des Zylinderkurbelgehäuses (la) und der die Zylindermittelachsen enthaltenden Ebene (14a) mit Durchbüchen (32) für den Abfluß des öls aus den Kurbelwellenlagern (4a) in die darunterliegende ölwanne versehen ist.4. Reciprocating internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the insert (13a) extends from one longitudinal edge (15a) to the other longitudinal edge (30) of the lower opening (10a) of the cylinder crankcase (la) and in the area between the longitudinal edge (30) of the lower opening (10a) of the cylinder crankcase (la) lagging in relation to said direction of rotation (D) and the plane (14a) containing the cylinder central axes with through-holes (32) for the outflow of the oil from the crankshaft bearings (4a ) is provided in the oil pan underneath. 5. Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine nach Anspruch 1 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Einsatz (13) entlang der betreffenden Längskante(n) (15 bzw. 15a, 30) der unteren Öffnung (10) des Zylinderkurbelgehäuses (1) an dieses angeschraubt ist.5. Reciprocating internal combustion engine according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that the insert (13) along the relevant longitudinal edge (s) (15 or 15a, 30) of the lower opening (10) of the cylinder crankcase (1) is screwed to this .
EP84110986A 1983-09-21 1984-09-14 Reciprocating piston internal-combustion engine Expired EP0140108B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE3334044A DE3334044C2 (en) 1983-09-21 1983-09-21 Reciprocating internal combustion engine
DE3334044 1983-09-21

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EP0140108B1 EP0140108B1 (en) 1987-03-04

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EP (1) EP0140108B1 (en)
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DE (2) DE3334044C2 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0140108B1 (en) 1987-03-04
JPS60145447A (en) 1985-07-31
DE3334044C2 (en) 1985-11-07
DE3462538D1 (en) 1987-04-09
JPS6334312B2 (en) 1988-07-08
DE3334044A1 (en) 1985-03-28
US4524735A (en) 1985-06-25

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