EP0139798B1 - Dry-laid floors - Google Patents
Dry-laid floors Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0139798B1 EP0139798B1 EP83306564A EP83306564A EP0139798B1 EP 0139798 B1 EP0139798 B1 EP 0139798B1 EP 83306564 A EP83306564 A EP 83306564A EP 83306564 A EP83306564 A EP 83306564A EP 0139798 B1 EP0139798 B1 EP 0139798B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- beams
- blocks
- laid
- floor
- floor according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
- E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
- E04B5/04—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units with beams or slabs of concrete or other stone-like material, e.g. asbestos cement
- E04B5/046—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units with beams or slabs of concrete or other stone-like material, e.g. asbestos cement with beams placed with distance from another
Definitions
- This invention relates to a dry-laid floor, i.e. a floor of the type in which wet concrete or the like is not used for the basic supporting structure, but components are laid in a preformed state.
- Dry-laid floors have been known for centuries and it is still common practice to lay wooden boards across joists to form such a floor.
- a reinforced concrete raft is often cast in situ on such beams by means of shuttering laid between the beams.
- An example of a floor of this type is illustrated in GB-A-2 053 313.
- Parallel beams of inverted-T shape are provided and panels are laid between the beams, supported on the flanges defined by the cross-piece of the "T".
- Wet concrete is then laid on the panels and on the beams and allowed to set.
- the ends of the panels adjacent the beams are bevelled to form a triangular section gap between each end of each panel and the adjacent upright wall of the corresponding beam. This gap fills with concrete to form concrete columns along the beams to support the concrete raft.
- the panels, which form shuttering, are left in situ and are made of material with good heat insulating properties, foamed polystyrene being preferred.
- the foamed polystyrene supports the unset concrete during construction of the floor, but has no supporting function in the completed floor.
- the contribution to the art provided by FR-A-2 202 211 is the provision of flanges on the polystyrene panels to extend below the beams to insulate them.
- GB-A-2 053 313 also insulates the beams from underneath by providing foamed polystyrene insulating members around the underside of the beams.
- Foamed polystyrene is extensively used for insulating purposes in both dry-laid and wet-laid floors. It is always used purely for insulating purposes in the finished floor.
- the present inventor has now made the surprising discovery that it is possible to use foamed polystyrene members for load-supporting purposes in a floor. This enables a dry-laid floor to be constructed without use of concrete slabs. The floor is, therefore, much lighter than conventional floors, much easier to lay and much cheaper and the supporting members also provide inherent excellent heat insulation properties.
- the present invention provides a floor comprising parallel spaced beams, a multiplicity of foamed plastics blocks extending between the beams and having upper surfaces lying in a plane above the top surfaces of the beams, and an upper layer laid on the blocks and supported on the beams, characterised in that the blocks have portions which extend over the top surfaces of the beams to form a continuous layer over the beams and the upper layer is indirectly supported on the beams by means of the blocks.
- the distance between block support surfaces of adjacent beams is, preferably, not more than 900 mm and, advantageously not more than 600 mm.
- the depth of each block above the support surface is, preferably, not less than 80 mm and advantageously, not less than 100 mm.
- the floor is shown to comprise parallel, spaced beams 11, only two being shown.
- the particular beams shown are made of reinforced concrete and are basically of inverted T shape, with the bars of the T defining flanges 12.
- Closed-cell foamed plastics blocks 13 are laid in alignment between the beams on the flanges 12, so as to bridge the gap between the beams. Each block 13 is a close fit between the beams.
- the blocks have no reinforcing elements or reinforcing fillers.
- Each block has opposite edge flange portions 14 which extend over part of the top of each beam 11.
- other blocks 13a, 13b have flange portions 14a, 14b, which butt against the flange portion 14 to define a continuous planar upper surface.
- Panels of wood 26 are laid on the blocks, with a thin plastics sheet between the wood and the blocks (not shown in Figure 1) to serve as a vapour check.
- the distance between the flanges 12 is about 800 mm and the total width of each block, including the flange portions 14, about 900 mm.
- the depth of each block is about 140 mm, with about 40 mm above the top level of the beams.
- edge blocks 20 of foamed plastics may be used ( Figure 2).
- the flanged portion 21, on one side, is extended to cover the whole of the end beam 11.
- FIG. 3 An alternative arrangement is shown in Figure 3, where the flange portion is omitted at one side and the block 23 has a rebate 22 instead.
- the rebate which effectively extends over the beam 11, may be filled with a foamed plastics panel (not shown).
- Figure 4 shows an alternative, similar to the arrangement of Figure 1, but in which the block 30 extends to the bottoms of the beams 11. This defines a flat lower face 31, together with the bottoms of the beams, which may be finished to define a ceiling.
- the blocks need not terminate flush with, or above the bottom surfaces of the beams, but may extend below the beams.
- a concrete or other screed may be laid on the blocks.
- the blocks of expanded foamed plastics are preferably composed of polystyrene, but other foamed plastics may be used, e.g. polyurethane.
- the beams need not be flanged and may, for example consist of wood or steel, although prestressed or reinforced concrete is preferred.
- Figure 6 shows an alternative embodiment comprising beams 111 without flanges and having top surfaces 112.
- the blocks 113, 113a, and 113b, are laid on the top surfaces with their end faces substantially in contact to define a thick continuous foamed plastics layer over the beams.
- An upper layer 126 is laid on the blocks.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Floor Finish (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- This invention relates to a dry-laid floor, i.e. a floor of the type in which wet concrete or the like is not used for the basic supporting structure, but components are laid in a preformed state.
- Dry-laid floors have been known for centuries and it is still common practice to lay wooden boards across joists to form such a floor.
- Where a heavy load-bearing floor has been required, e.g. in factories, it has been in common, however, to lay solid floors using wet concrete.
- In more recent years, suspended floors have been laid on concrete or steel beams. A reinforced concrete raft is often cast in situ on such beams by means of shuttering laid between the beams. An example of a floor of this type is illustrated in GB-A-2 053 313. Parallel beams of inverted-T shape are provided and panels are laid between the beams, supported on the flanges defined by the cross-piece of the "T". Wet concrete is then laid on the panels and on the beams and allowed to set. The ends of the panels adjacent the beams are bevelled to form a triangular section gap between each end of each panel and the adjacent upright wall of the corresponding beam. This gap fills with concrete to form concrete columns along the beams to support the concrete raft.
- In this prior art patent specification and in FR-A-2 160 729 and: FRA2 202 211, the panels, which form shuttering, are left in situ and are made of material with good heat insulating properties, foamed polystyrene being preferred. The foamed polystyrene supports the unset concrete during construction of the floor, but has no supporting function in the completed floor. The contribution to the art provided by FR-A-2 202 211 is the provision of flanges on the polystyrene panels to extend below the beams to insulate them. GB-A-2 053 313 also insulates the beams from underneath by providing foamed polystyrene insulating members around the underside of the beams.
- It is also common practice to provide dry-laid floors supported by beams. Slabs of concrete are dry-laid on the beams. Heat insulation in floors of this type has been provided by means of sheets of foamed polystyrene laid on the slabs and beams, with a surface covering of wooden sheets. The wooden sheets spread the load, in use, and avoid local damage to the polystyrene layer. The polystyrene layer is thin and has no support function.
- Foamed polystyrene is extensively used for insulating purposes in both dry-laid and wet-laid floors. It is always used purely for insulating purposes in the finished floor. The present inventor has now made the surprising discovery that it is possible to use foamed polystyrene members for load-supporting purposes in a floor. This enables a dry-laid floor to be constructed without use of concrete slabs. The floor is, therefore, much lighter than conventional floors, much easier to lay and much cheaper and the supporting members also provide inherent excellent heat insulation properties.
- The present invention provides a floor comprising parallel spaced beams, a multiplicity of foamed plastics blocks extending between the beams and having upper surfaces lying in a plane above the top surfaces of the beams, and an upper layer laid on the blocks and supported on the beams, characterised in that the blocks have portions which extend over the top surfaces of the beams to form a continuous layer over the beams and the upper layer is indirectly supported on the beams by means of the blocks.
- The distance between block support surfaces of adjacent beams is, preferably, not more than 900 mm and, advantageously not more than 600 mm. The depth of each block above the support surface is, preferably, not less than 80 mm and advantageously, not less than 100 mm.
- Reference is now made to the accompanying drawings, wherein:-
- Figure 1 is a diagrammatic sectional view of part of a dry-laid floor according to the invention;
- Figure 2 shows how an edge of the floor may be finished;
- Figure 3 shows a modification of the finishing of the edge of the floor;
- Figure 4 shows a modification of the floor illustrated in Figure 1;
- Figure 5 is a perspective view, partly in section, of a part of a dry-laid floor according to the embodiment of Figure 1; and
- Figure 6 is a diagrammatic sectional view of part of another embodiment of a dry-laid floor according to the invention.
- Referring to Figures 1 and 5, the floor is shown to comprise parallel, spaced
beams 11, only two being shown. The particular beams shown are made of reinforced concrete and are basically of inverted T shape, with the bars of theT defining flanges 12. Closed-cellfoamed plastics blocks 13 are laid in alignment between the beams on theflanges 12, so as to bridge the gap between the beams. Eachblock 13 is a close fit between the beams. The blocks have no reinforcing elements or reinforcing fillers. - Each block has opposite
edge flange portions 14 which extend over part of the top of eachbeam 11. On the opposite side of each beam,other blocks 13a, 13b haveflange portions flange portion 14 to define a continuous planar upper surface. Panels ofwood 26 are laid on the blocks, with a thin plastics sheet between the wood and the blocks (not shown in Figure 1) to serve as a vapour check. - In this particular example, the distance between the
flanges 12 is about 800 mm and the total width of each block, including theflange portions 14, about 900 mm. The depth of each block is about 140 mm, with about 40 mm above the top level of the beams. - At the edges of the floor,
special edge blocks 20 of foamed plastics may be used (Figure 2). In these blocks, theflanged portion 21, on one side, is extended to cover the whole of theend beam 11. - An alternative arrangement is shown in Figure 3, where the flange portion is omitted at one side and the
block 23 has arebate 22 instead. The rebate, which effectively extends over thebeam 11, may be filled with a foamed plastics panel (not shown). - Figure 4 shows an alternative, similar to the arrangement of Figure 1, but in which the
block 30 extends to the bottoms of thebeams 11. This defines a flatlower face 31, together with the bottoms of the beams, which may be finished to define a ceiling. - The blocks need not terminate flush with, or above the bottom surfaces of the beams, but may extend below the beams.
- It is also envisaged that instead of the blocks being covered with wood, a concrete or other screed may be laid on the blocks.
- The blocks of expanded foamed plastics are preferably composed of polystyrene, but other foamed plastics may be used, e.g. polyurethane.
- The beams need not be flanged and may, for example consist of wood or steel, although prestressed or reinforced concrete is preferred. Figure 6 shows an alternative
embodiment comprising beams 111 without flanges and havingtop surfaces 112. Theblocks upper layer 126 is laid on the blocks.
Claims (9)
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT83306564T ATE28912T1 (en) | 1983-10-28 | 1983-10-28 | DRY-LAID FLOOR. |
EP83306564A EP0139798B1 (en) | 1983-10-28 | 1983-10-28 | Dry-laid floors |
DE8383306564T DE3372997D1 (en) | 1983-10-28 | 1983-10-28 | Dry-laid floors |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP83306564A EP0139798B1 (en) | 1983-10-28 | 1983-10-28 | Dry-laid floors |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0139798A1 EP0139798A1 (en) | 1985-05-08 |
EP0139798B1 true EP0139798B1 (en) | 1987-08-12 |
Family
ID=8191331
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP83306564A Expired EP0139798B1 (en) | 1983-10-28 | 1983-10-28 | Dry-laid floors |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0139798B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE28912T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3372997D1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2203463B (en) * | 1987-04-14 | 1991-02-20 | Carter Concrete Limited | Floor constructions |
FR2899612B1 (en) * | 2006-04-10 | 2009-11-27 | Rector Lesage | METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A DRY FLOOR AND DRY FLOOR OBTAINED BY SAID METHOD |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1057651A (en) * | 1951-06-13 | 1954-03-10 | Filler brick | |
FR1532424A (en) * | 1967-05-23 | 1968-07-12 | Surgelation Ind Et Entrepots F | Thermo-insulating slab, especially for cold rooms |
FR2160729A1 (en) * | 1971-11-24 | 1973-07-06 | Bechade Alain | |
FR2173485A5 (en) * | 1972-02-23 | 1973-10-05 | Boyet Yves | Plaster covered panels - with surface slots for keying the plaster to eg expanded polystyrene |
FR2202211A1 (en) * | 1972-10-06 | 1974-05-03 | Isobox Sa | Expanded polystyrene profile for flooring or ceiling infills - incorporating fixtures for supporting suspended cladding without overloading the profile |
-
1983
- 1983-10-28 AT AT83306564T patent/ATE28912T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-10-28 DE DE8383306564T patent/DE3372997D1/en not_active Expired
- 1983-10-28 EP EP83306564A patent/EP0139798B1/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE28912T1 (en) | 1987-08-15 |
DE3372997D1 (en) | 1987-09-17 |
EP0139798A1 (en) | 1985-05-08 |
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