EP0138862A1 - Heated gas blower device - Google Patents

Heated gas blower device

Info

Publication number
EP0138862A1
EP0138862A1 EP84900998A EP84900998A EP0138862A1 EP 0138862 A1 EP0138862 A1 EP 0138862A1 EP 84900998 A EP84900998 A EP 84900998A EP 84900998 A EP84900998 A EP 84900998A EP 0138862 A1 EP0138862 A1 EP 0138862A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
temperature
electrical
nozzle
nozzle opening
gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP84900998A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Robert 115 Orchard Way BOWSKILL
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SKILTEN ELECTRONICS Ltd
Original Assignee
SKILTEN ELECTRONICS Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SKILTEN ELECTRONICS Ltd filed Critical SKILTEN ELECTRONICS Ltd
Publication of EP0138862A1 publication Critical patent/EP0138862A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/04—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
    • F24H3/0405—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between
    • F24H3/0423—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between hand-held air guns

Definitions

  • This invention relates to heated gas blower devices and in one example to hand-held devices for use in such tasks as welding or forming thermoplastic materials.
  • the blower device should he capable of producing a flow of heated gas - usually air - at a temperature which can be varied. It would be desirable if the user could select the temperature needed for the particular welding or forming operation to be performed and then be assured that the temperature of the heated air leaving the device would not deviate to any substantial extent from the selected temperature, either with time or with changes in the flow rate caused for example by the use of different nozzle attachments.
  • the present invention consists in a heated gas blower device comprising a nozzle defining a nozzle opening; blower means for establishing a flow of gas outwardly through the nozzle opening; electrical heating means for heating the flow of gas; preselecter means enabling selection of a required gas temperature; a temperature sensing element located at the nozzle opening to provide an electrical indication of the temperature of the gas flowing out of the nozzle opening and electrical control means adapted, in response to said indication of temperature , so to control the electrical heating means as to achieve said selected gas temperature at the nozzle opening.
  • the preselecter means comprises a manually operable control calibrated in degrees of temperature.
  • the electrical heating means comprises resistance heating elements supported within the nozzle. It will thus be seen that with a blower device according to this invention, the actual temperature of the gas leaving the nozzle opening is measured and this information used to control the heating means. Direct and accurate control of temperature can therefore be achieved notwithstanding possible changes in gas flow rate.
  • Figure 1 is a longitudinal section through a heated air blower device according to this invention
  • Figures 2 and 3 are respective end views of the device of Figure 1;
  • Figure 4 is a section on line 4-4 of Figure 1;
  • Figure 5 is a section on line 5-5 of Figure 1;
  • Figure 6 is a diagram showing the control circuit of the device of Figure 1.
  • the device or gun shown in the drawings is formed from a plastics body 10 to which is secured a stainless steel nozzle 12.
  • the body comprises a cylindrical motor housing 14 serving also as a handle, and an integral turbine housing 16 of somewhat greater diameter.
  • the body is in fact made up from two separately moulded halves which join in a longitudinal plane and which are held together by self-tapping screws.
  • a universal motor 18 having a drive shaft 20.
  • Electrical supply for the motor is taken from a control board 22 details of which will be given later.
  • the control board is in turn connected through an on/off switch 24 with a mains cable (not shown) extending through cable aperture 26.
  • the on/off switch 24 is mounted in a housing end plate 28 provided with a series of slots 30 serving as the air intake for the gun.
  • a temperature selecter knob 32 controlling a potentiometer 34 mounted on the control board. This knob is calibrated in degrees Centigrade.
  • a centrifugal turbine 36 is mounted on the motor drive shaft 20, within the turbine housing 16.
  • the turbine 36 comprises a boss 38 carrying an outer disc 40 disposed normally to the drive shaft axis.
  • Six blades 42 curve radially outwardly from the boss, each blade having one lateral edge secured to the outer disc 40 and the other lateral edge secured to an inner disc 44 disposed coaxially with the outer disc.
  • An annular opening 46 is provided in the inner disc 44 around the boss 38, to define the turbine air inlet.
  • the nozzle 12 is provided with a mounting flange 50 enabling the nozzle to be secured to the body through bolts 52.
  • a heat-insulating ring 54 is disposed between the mounting flange 50 and the turbine housing 16.
  • the same bolts 52 serve also to support - inwardly of the turbine housing - a deflector 56 having a pair of deflector arms 58 carried on a mounting ring 60.
  • a ceramic element holder 62 comprising a series of cylindrical sections 64 supported on a common axial support tube 66, the ends of which are swaged over to hold the sections together.
  • the holder 62 is formed with eight bores 68 parallel to and equiangularly spaced about the support tube. Within each bore there is disposed a helically wound resistance element 70, these elements being electrically connected between a pair of terminals 72 mounted in the innermost holder section 64a.
  • Each section 64 of the holder is provided with a square projection 73 at one end and a complementary recess (not shown) at the other. In this way relative rotation of the sections is prevented.
  • the terminals 72 of the ceramic element holder are received within sockets 74 of a terminal block 76 mounted within the turbine housing. These sockets are electrically connected with the control board 22 by the use of leads 78 and it will be seen that these leads are passed through one of a pair of diammetrically opposed channels 80 formed in respective thickened wall sections 82 of the turbine housing. In this way, the leads are prevented from fouling the turbine.
  • thermocouple 88 At this opening, there is mounted within the nozzle a thermocouple 88. Leads 90 pass from this thermocouple through the center of the ceramic holder support tube 66 ; through the second channel 80 in the turbine housing wall and thus to the control board 22.
  • the mechanical operation of the described gun can now be understood.
  • rotation of the turbine draws air in through the housing slots 30, over the motor and into the turbine through opening 46. The air is then forced radially outwards passing through the turbine housing to the nozzle 12.
  • the deflector arms 58 serve to ensure that most of the air passes directly to the nozzle and thus minimise energy dissipation within the turbine housing itself.
  • the air passes at high pressure through the bores 68 and is heated by the resistance elements contained therein. The heated high pressure air then passes out of the nozzle through the nozzle opening defined by slots 86.
  • thermocouple 88 which is a Type K thermocouple, produces a low voltage signal indicative of air temperature.
  • This voltage is amplified by a high gain dc operational amplifier A1 (LF 13741N) having negative feedback through resistor R2 and capacitor C1 and with its operating point set by resistors R6 and R3. Offset control is provided at variable resistor RV2.
  • the output of the amplifier A1 is divided by resistors R4 and R5 and a diode D1 is provided to ensure, in conjunction with R4, that the output cannot go significantly negative.
  • the output taken from the junction of R4 and R5 is passed through resistor R9 to the input amplifier of a burst control integrated circuit (SGS L121).
  • the preset temperature potentiometer RV1 (reference 34 in Figure 1) is connected to the burst control IC through resistors R10 and R11.
  • the control band of the IC is set by the feedback resistor R8 with the periodicity of the burst cycle being set by resistor R7 and capacitor C2.
  • Positive and negative low voltage supplies are obtained from the mains terminals L and N through dropper resistor R12; rectifiers and stabilizers are contained within the IC and smoothing is provided by capacitors C4 and C5.
  • the operational amplifier A1 is selected to operate with a small dc supply consumption which enables it to be supplied from the small surplus power available from the IC.
  • the output of the burst control IC consists of trigger pulses phase locked to the mains supply and these trigger a power control triac TR (BT 137 500k) at the zero crossing point of the main cycle.
  • This triac is connected between the neutral mains supply terminal N and one of the element sockets 74, the other element socket being connected to the live mains supply L.
  • the length of each pulse applied to the triac, and thus the proportion of each main cycle for which the resistance element is energised, is proportional to the difference between the temperature set by temperature selector 32 and the temperature sensed by the thermocouple 88.
  • thermocouple since the thermocouple is provided at the nozzle opening, the voltage signal it provides will be indicative of the temperature of the air as it leaves the nozzle. The control circuit will then operate to ensure that this temperature is brought rapidly to the temperature preselected by selector 32 and then maintained, within acceptable limits, at that temperature. Since the control IC provides a pulse output the pulse length of which is proportional to the difference between actual and selected temperature, heating of the element will be very rapid when the device is first switched on, the rate of heating slowing down as the selected temperature is approached.
  • thermocouple replaced by another temperature responsive element such as a thermistor.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Control Of Positive-Displacement Air Blowers (AREA)

Abstract

Un dispositif de soufflerie à gaz chauffé utilisable pour une soudure ou un formage de plastique possède une soufflerie (38) dirigeant de l'air à travers une buse (12) contenant des éléments de chauffage par résistance (70). Un thermocouple (88) ou un autre élément détecteur dans l'ouverture de la buse permet la régulation de la température de l'air d'écoulement à une température prédéterminée grâce à une commande manuelle (32, 34).A heated gas blower device usable for plastic welding or forming has a blower (38) directing air through a nozzle (12) containing resistance heating elements (70). A thermocouple (88) or other sensing element in the nozzle opening allows regulation of the flow air temperature to a predetermined temperature through manual control (32, 34).

Description

HEATED GAS BLOWER DEVICE
This invention relates to heated gas blower devices and in one example to hand-held devices for use in such tasks as welding or forming thermoplastic materials.
For this use, the blower device should he capable of producing a flow of heated gas - usually air - at a temperature which can be varied. It would be desirable if the user could select the temperature needed for the particular welding or forming operation to be performed and then be assured that the temperature of the heated air leaving the device would not deviate to any substantial extent from the selected temperature, either with time or with changes in the flow rate caused for example by the use of different nozzle attachments.
It is an object of this invention to provide an improved heated gas blower device having these desirable characteristics. Accordingly, the present invention consists in a heated gas blower device comprising a nozzle defining a nozzle opening; blower means for establishing a flow of gas outwardly through the nozzle opening; electrical heating means for heating the flow of gas; preselecter means enabling selection of a required gas temperature; a temperature sensing element located at the nozzle opening to provide an electrical indication of the temperature of the gas flowing out of the nozzle opening and electrical control means adapted, in response to said indication of temperature , so to control the electrical heating means as to achieve said selected gas temperature at the nozzle opening. Advantageously, the preselecter means comprises a manually operable control calibrated in degrees of temperature.
Preferably, the electrical heating means comprises resistance heating elements supported within the nozzle. It will thus be seen that with a blower device according to this invention, the actual temperature of the gas leaving the nozzle opening is measured and this information used to control the heating means. Direct and accurate control of temperature can therefore be achieved notwithstanding possible changes in gas flow rate.
This invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:-
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section through a heated air blower device according to this invention; Figures 2 and 3 are respective end views of the device of Figure 1;
Figure 4 is a section on line 4-4 of Figure 1;
Figure 5 is a section on line 5-5 of Figure 1; and
Figure 6 is a diagram showing the control circuit of the device of Figure 1.
The device or gun shown in the drawings is formed from a plastics body 10 to which is secured a stainless steel nozzle 12. The body comprises a cylindrical motor housing 14 serving also as a handle, and an integral turbine housing 16 of somewhat greater diameter. The body is in fact made up from two separately moulded halves which join in a longitudinal plane and which are held together by self-tapping screws.
Within the motor housing 14, there is supported a universal motor 18 having a drive shaft 20. Electrical supply for the motor is taken from a control board 22 details of which will be given later. The control board is in turn connected through an on/off switch 24 with a mains cable (not shown) extending through cable aperture 26. The on/off switch 24 is mounted in a housing end plate 28 provided with a series of slots 30 serving as the air intake for the gun. Also provided in the end plate 28 is a temperature selecter knob 32 controlling a potentiometer 34 mounted on the control board. This knob is calibrated in degrees Centigrade.
A centrifugal turbine 36 is mounted on the motor drive shaft 20, within the turbine housing 16. The turbine 36 comprises a boss 38 carrying an outer disc 40 disposed normally to the drive shaft axis. Six blades 42 curve radially outwardly from the boss, each blade having one lateral edge secured to the outer disc 40 and the other lateral edge secured to an inner disc 44 disposed coaxially with the outer disc. An annular opening 46 is provided in the inner disc 44 around the boss 38, to define the turbine air inlet.
The nozzle 12 is provided with a mounting flange 50 enabling the nozzle to be secured to the body through bolts 52. A heat-insulating ring 54 is disposed between the mounting flange 50 and the turbine housing 16. The same bolts 52 serve also to support - inwardly of the turbine housing - a deflector 56 having a pair of deflector arms 58 carried on a mounting ring 60.
Within the nozzle 12, there is positioned a ceramic element holder 62 comprising a series of cylindrical sections 64 supported on a common axial support tube 66, the ends of which are swaged over to hold the sections together. As shown best in Figure 5, the holder 62 is formed with eight bores 68 parallel to and equiangularly spaced about the support tube. Within each bore there is disposed a helically wound resistance element 70, these elements being electrically connected between a pair of terminals 72 mounted in the innermost holder section 64a. Each section 64 of the holder is provided with a square projection 73 at one end and a complementary recess (not shown) at the other. In this way relative rotation of the sections is prevented. The terminals 72 of the ceramic element holder are received within sockets 74 of a terminal block 76 mounted within the turbine housing. These sockets are electrically connected with the control board 22 by the use of leads 78 and it will be seen that these leads are passed through one of a pair of diammetrically opposed channels 80 formed in respective thickened wall sections 82 of the turbine housing. In this way, the leads are prevented from fouling the turbine.
The free end of the nozzle 12 is closed by means of an end cap 84 having parallel slots 86 defining a nozzle opening. At this opening, there is mounted within the nozzle a thermocouple 88. Leads 90 pass from this thermocouple through the center of the ceramic holder support tube 66 ; through the second channel 80 in the turbine housing wall and thus to the control board 22. The mechanical operation of the described gun can now be understood. When the motor 18 is energised, rotation of the turbine draws air in through the housing slots 30, over the motor and into the turbine through opening 46. The air is then forced radially outwards passing through the turbine housing to the nozzle 12. The deflector arms 58 serve to ensure that most of the air passes directly to the nozzle and thus minimise energy dissipation within the turbine housing itself. In the nozzle, the air passes at high pressure through the bores 68 and is heated by the resistance elements contained therein. The heated high pressure air then passes out of the nozzle through the nozzle opening defined by slots 86.
The manner in which the temperature of the heated air is controlled will now be described with reference initially to Figure 6. The thermocouple 88, which is a Type K thermocouple, produces a low voltage signal indicative of air temperature. This voltage is amplified by a high gain dc operational amplifier A1 (LF 13741N) having negative feedback through resistor R2 and capacitor C1 and with its operating point set by resistors R6 and R3. Offset control is provided at variable resistor RV2. The output of the amplifier A1 is divided by resistors R4 and R5 and a diode D1 is provided to ensure, in conjunction with R4, that the output cannot go significantly negative. The output taken from the junction of R4 and R5 is passed through resistor R9 to the input amplifier of a burst control integrated circuit (SGS L121). The preset temperature potentiometer RV1 (reference 34 in Figure 1) is connected to the burst control IC through resistors R10 and R11. The control band of the IC is set by the feedback resistor R8 with the periodicity of the burst cycle being set by resistor R7 and capacitor C2.
Positive and negative low voltage supplies are obtained from the mains terminals L and N through dropper resistor R12; rectifiers and stabilizers are contained within the IC and smoothing is provided by capacitors C4 and C5. The operational amplifier A1 is selected to operate with a small dc supply consumption which enables it to be supplied from the small surplus power available from the IC.
The output of the burst control IC consists of trigger pulses phase locked to the mains supply and these trigger a power control triac TR (BT 137 500k) at the zero crossing point of the main cycle. This triac is connected between the neutral mains supply terminal N and one of the element sockets 74, the other element socket being connected to the live mains supply L. The length of each pulse applied to the triac, and thus the proportion of each main cycle for which the resistance element is energised, is proportional to the difference between the temperature set by temperature selector 32 and the temperature sensed by the thermocouple 88.
It will be appreciated that since the thermocouple is provided at the nozzle opening, the voltage signal it provides will be indicative of the temperature of the air as it leaves the nozzle. The control circuit will then operate to ensure that this temperature is brought rapidly to the temperature preselected by selector 32 and then maintained, within acceptable limits, at that temperature. Since the control IC provides a pulse output the pulse length of which is proportional to the difference between actual and selected temperature, heating of the element will be very rapid when the device is first switched on, the rate of heating slowing down as the selected temperature is approached.
Since the temperature selector is calibrated in degrees Centigrade, no independent temperature measurement is needed to ensure that the correct operating temperature is being used. It will be appreciated that this invention has been described by way of example and numerous modifications are possible without departing from the scope of the invention. Different circuit elements could of course be used on the control board and the thermocouple replaced by another temperature responsive element such as a thermistor.

Claims

1. A heated gas blower device comprising a nozzle defining a nozzle opening; blower means for establishing a flow of gas outwardly through the nozzle opening; electrical heating means for heating the flow of gas; preselecter means enabling selection of a required gas temperature; a temperature sensing element located at the nozzle opening to provide an electrical indication of the temperature of the gas flowing out of the nozzle opening and electrical control means adapted in response to said indication of temperature so to control the electrical heating means as to achieve said selected gas temperature at the nozzle opening.
2. A device according to Claim 1 wherein said preselecter means comprises a manually operable control calibrated in degrees of temperature.
3. A device according to Claim 1 or Claim 2 wherein said preselecter means provides an electrical indication of said selected gas temperature, the electrical control means including means for comparing said indication of selected gas temperature with said electrical indication of the temperature of the gas flowing out of the nozzle opening.
4. A device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the electrical heating means comprises resistance heating elements supported within the nozzle.
5. A device according to Claim 4 wherein there is provided a ceramic support in the nozzle for said heating elements, the support having a through bore, spaced from said heating elements for accommodating an electrical lead extending between the temperature sensing element and the control means.
6. A device according to any one of the preceding claims wherein said ceramic support comprises a series of axially aligned cylindrical portions.
7. A device according to Claim 6 wherein there are formed complementary bosses and recesses respectively on each pair of adjacent portions, engagement between said bosses and recesses preventing relative rotation of the cylindrical portions.
8. A device according to Claim 6 or Claim 7 wherein a hollow rod extends in tension along a through aperture in the support securing together said portions.
EP84900998A 1983-03-07 1984-03-07 Heated gas blower device Withdrawn EP0138862A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB838306199A GB8306199D0 (en) 1983-03-07 1983-03-07 Heated gas blower device
GB8306199 1983-03-07

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0138862A1 true EP0138862A1 (en) 1985-05-02

Family

ID=10539112

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84900998A Withdrawn EP0138862A1 (en) 1983-03-07 1984-03-07 Heated gas blower device

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0138862A1 (en)
GB (1) GB8306199D0 (en)
WO (1) WO1984003552A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3833677C1 (en) * 1988-10-04 1989-07-27 Zinser-Schweisstechnik Gmbh & Co, 7333 Ebersbach, De
DE8904733U1 (en) * 1989-04-14 1989-07-13 Steinel GmbH & Co KG, 4836 Herzebrock Hot air gun
GB2296760A (en) * 1995-01-06 1996-07-10 Boc Group Plc Gas heater and temperature controller
US7180039B2 (en) 2004-10-29 2007-02-20 Osram Sylvania Inc. Heater with burnout protection
CN100594745C (en) * 2006-02-21 2010-03-17 常州市英杰工具有限公司 Hot air gun circuit device
DE202011052043U1 (en) 2011-11-21 2012-02-09 Leister Technologies Ag Hot air hand-held device with a digital operating device with universal operating element
DE202014100647U1 (en) 2013-06-27 2014-09-30 Wegener International Gmbh Heat gun
WO2019037681A1 (en) * 2017-08-21 2019-02-28 浙江普莱得电器有限公司 Heat gun

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH445671A (en) * 1967-01-20 1967-10-31 Ditzler Walter Robert Electric hot air blasting device, especially for welding thermoplastics
US3610881A (en) * 1968-07-29 1971-10-05 Trigg Stewart Portable electric air-heating gun and oven

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO8403552A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1984003552A1 (en) 1984-09-13
GB8306199D0 (en) 1983-04-13

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Inventor name: BOWSKILL, ROBERT115 ORCHARD WAY