EP0134063B1 - Schmierfett-Zusammensetzung - Google Patents
Schmierfett-Zusammensetzung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0134063B1 EP0134063B1 EP84300933A EP84300933A EP0134063B1 EP 0134063 B1 EP0134063 B1 EP 0134063B1 EP 84300933 A EP84300933 A EP 84300933A EP 84300933 A EP84300933 A EP 84300933A EP 0134063 B1 EP0134063 B1 EP 0134063B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- composition
- mixtures
- sulfur
- phosphorus
- carbon atoms
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/06—Mixtures of thickeners and additives
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- C10M113/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the thickening agent being an inorganic material
- C10M113/16—Inorganic material treated with organic compounds, e.g. coated
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- C10M115/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the thickener being a non-macromolecular organic compound other than a carboxylic acid or salt thereof
- C10M115/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the thickener being a non-macromolecular organic compound other than a carboxylic acid or salt thereof containing nitrogen
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- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/02—Sulfur-containing compounds obtained by sulfurisation with sulfur or sulfur-containing compounds
- C10M2219/022—Sulfur-containing compounds obtained by sulfurisation with sulfur or sulfur-containing compounds of hydrocarbons, e.g. olefines
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- C10M2219/082—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
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- C10M2227/061—Esters derived from boron
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- C10M2227/06—Organic compounds derived from inorganic acids or metal salts
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- C10M2227/062—Cyclic esters
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- C10M2227/06—Organic compounds derived from inorganic acids or metal salts
- C10M2227/063—Complexes of boron halides
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- C10M2227/06—Organic compounds derived from inorganic acids or metal salts
- C10M2227/065—Organic compounds derived from inorganic acids or metal salts derived from Ti or Zr
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
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- C10M2227/06—Organic compounds derived from inorganic acids or metal salts
- C10M2227/066—Organic compounds derived from inorganic acids or metal salts derived from Mo or W
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- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/04—Groups 2 or 12
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- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/14—Group 7
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- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/16—Groups 8, 9, or 10
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- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
- C10N2050/10—Semi-solids; greasy
Definitions
- the invention is concerned with a novel group of compositions. It more particularly relates to a synergistic grease composition comprising grease, metal hydroxy-containing soap thickener, borated epoxide and phosphorus and sulfur moieties.
- U.S. Patent No. 4,410,438 relates to lubricant compositions, including greases, comprising borated epoxides in which boron is present in excess. Also, certain other forms of epoxides have been used in lubricants. For example, U.S. 4,244,829 describes the use of epoxidized fatty acid esters as lubricity agents in lubricating oils.
- a grease composition consisting essentially of (1) a major amount of a grease and at least about 15% by weight of a hydroxyl-containing soap thickener (2) from 0.01% to 10% by weight of a reaction product made by reacting an epoxide of the formula wherein R, R', R 2 and R 3 are hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl group containing from 8 to 30 carbon atoms at least 1 of which is hydrocarbyl, with at least a molar amount of a boron compound selected from boric acid, boric oxide and an alkyl borate of the formula wherein x is 1 to 3, y is 0 to 2, their sum being 3, and R 4 is an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and (3) from about 0.01% to about 10% by weight of a phosphorus and sulfur compound or a mixture of phosphorus-containing and sulfur-containing compounds to supply a like amount of phosphorus and sulfur.
- the borated product contains more than a stiochiometric amount of boron.
- the borated epoxides of the invention can be made by reacting an epoxide with boron compound, such as boric oxide, boric acid or an alkyl borate, or mixtures thereof.
- boron compound such as boric oxide, boric acid or an alkyl borate, or mixtures thereof.
- the resulting products are primarily monoborate esters, but other possible products present are the products of reaction between epoxide dimers, or higher oligomers, and a boron compound to form the corresponding borate esters.
- 1,2-epoxyoctane 1,2-epoxydecane, 1,2-epoxydodecane, 1,2-epoxytetradecane, 1,2-epoxypentadecane, 1,2-epoxyhexadecane, 1,2-epoxyheptadecane, 1,2-epoxyoctadecane, 1,2-epoxyeicosane and mixtures of such epoxides, as well as mixtures of other epoxides.
- These include epoxides of mixtures of C 22 to C 30 olefins and of mixtures of C 24 to C 28 olefins.
- Hydrocarbyl is meant to include alkyl, aryl, cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl groups containing from 8 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably 10 to 22 carbon atoms.
- hydrocarbyl is an alkyl group.
- the boron compound used is boric acid, boric oxide or an alkyl borate, preferably boric acid.
- the alkyl borates include the mono-, di- and trialkyl borates, such as the mono-, di-and triethyl borates.
- the reaction to form the borate ester can be carried out at from 80°C to 260°C, preferably from 110°C to 180°C.
- the temperature chosen will depend for the most part on the particular reactants and on whether or not a solvent is used.
- quantities of reactants be chosen such that the molar ratio of epoxide to boron compound be from 0.2 to 1, preferably from 0.5 to 0.9.
- the epoxide can be reacted with an excess of the borating species to form a borate ester containing from 0.1 % by weight of boron to more than 10% of boron.
- reaction can be advantageously run at from 100 to 500 kPa (1 to 5 atmospheres).
- a solvent may be used.
- any relatively non-polar, unreactive solvent can be used, including benzene, toluene, xylene and 1,4-dioxane.
- Other hydrocarbon and alcoholic soluents, which include propanol and butanol can be used. Mixtures of alcoholic and hydrocarbon solvents can be used also.
- any phase of the process can be carried out in from 1 to 20 hours.
- a narrow class of thickening agents is preferred to make the grease of this invention. Included among the preferred thickening agents are those containing at least a portion of alkali and alkaline earth metal soaps of hydroxyl-containing fatty acids, fatty glycerides and fatty esters having from 12 to about 30 carbon atoms per molecule.
- the metals are typified by sodium, lithium, calcium and barium. Preferred is lithium.
- Preferred members among these acids and fatty materials are 12-hydroxystearic acid and glycerides containing 12-hydroxystearates.
- the entire amount of thickener need not be derived from the aforementioned preferred members. Significant benefit can be attained using as little thereof as about 15% by weight of the total thickener.
- a complementary amount such as up to about 85% by weight of a wide variety of thickening agents, can be used in the grease of this invention. Included among the other useful thickening agents are alkali and alkaline earth metal soaps of methyl-1 2-hydroxystea rate, diesters of a C 4 to C 12 dicarboxylic acid and tall oil fatty acids. Other alkali or alkaline earth metal fatty acids containing from 12 to 30 carbon atoms and no free hydroxyl may be used. These include soaps of stearic and oleic acids.
- thickening agents include salt and salt-soap complexes as calcium stearate-acetate (U.S. Patent No. 2,197,263), barium stearate acetate (U.S. Patent No. 2,564,561), calcium, stearate-caprylate-acetate complexes (U.S. Patent No. 2,999,065), calcium caprylate-acetate (U.S. Patent No. 2,999,066), and calcium salts and soaps of low-, intermediate- and high-molecular weight acids and of nut oil acids.
- thickening agents comprises substituted ureas, phthalocyamines, indanthrene, pigments such as perylimides, pyromellitdiimides, and ammeline, as well as certain hydrophobic clays.
- These thickening agents can be prepared from clays which are initially hydrophilic in character, but which have been converted into a hydrophobic condition by the introduction of long-chain hydrocarbon radicals into the surface of the clay particles prior to their use as a component of a grease composition, as, for example, by being subjected to a preliminary treatment with an organic cationic surface active agent, such as an onium compound.
- Typical onium compounds are tetraalkylammonium chlorides, such as dimethyl dioctadecyl ammonium chloride, dimethyl dibenzyl ammonium chloride and mixtures thereof. This method of conversion, being well known to those skilled in the art, is believed to require no further discussion.
- the third member(s) of the grease composition of the instant invention are the phosphorus and sulfur moieties. Both of these can be present in the same molecule, such as in a metal or non-metal phosphorothioate or phosphorodithioate of the formula wherein R 5 is a hydrocarbyl group containing 3 to 18 carbon atoms, M is a metal or non-metal, n is the valence of M and X is oxygen or sulfur.
- R 5 is preferably an alkyl group and may be a propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, octyl, decyl, dodecyl, tetradecyl, octadecyl or oleyl group, including those derived from isopropanol, butanol, isobutanol, sec-butanol, 4-methyl-2-pentanol, 2-ethylhexanol, oleyl alcohol, and mixtures thereof. Further included are alkaryl groups such as butylphenyl, octylphenyl, nonylphenyl and dodecylphenyl groups.
- the metals covered by M include those in Groups IA, IIA, IIB and VIII of the Periodic Table. Some that may be mentioned are lithium, sodium, calcium, zinc, cadmium, silver and gold.
- Non-metallic ions include organic groups derived from vinyl esters such as vinyl acetate, vinyl ethers such as butyl vinyl ether and epoxides such as propylene oxide and 1,2-epoxydodecane.
- the phosphorus and sulfur can also be supplied from the combination of two separate compounds, such as the combination of (1) a dihydrocarbyl phosphite having 2 to 10 carbon atoms in each hydrocarbyl group or mixtures of phosphites and (2) a sulfide such as sulfurized isobutylene, dibenzyl disulfide, sulfurized terpenes, phosphorodithionyl disulfide and sulfurized jojoba oil.
- the phosphites embrace the dibutyl, dihexyl, dioctyl and didecyl phosphites and mixtures thereof.
- Phosphate esters containing 4 to 20 carbon atoms in each hydrocarbyl group such as tributyl phosphate, tridecyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate and mixtures of such phosphates, can also be used.
- reaction products of the present invention may be employed in any amount which is effective for imparting the desired degree of friction reduction, antiwear activity, antioxidant activity, high temperature stability or antirust activity.
- berated epoxide and the phosphorus- and/or sulfur-containing compound(s) are effectively employed in combined amounts from 0.02% to 20% by weight, and preferably from 0.2% to 4% of the total weight of the composition.
- the greases of the present invention can be made from either a mineral oil or a synthetic oil, or mixtures thereof.
- mineral oils both paraffinic, naphthenic and mixtures thereof, may be of any suitable lubricating viscosity range, as for example, from 5.7 to 1300 mm 2 /s at 38°C (45 SSU at 100°F to 6000 SSU at 100°F), and preferably from 7.4 to 54 mm 2 /s at 99°C (50 to 250 SSU at 210°F).
- These oils may have viscosity indexes ranging to 100 or higher. Viscosity indexes from 70 to 95 are preferred.
- the average molecular weights of these oils may range from 250 to 800.
- the lubricating oil from which it is prepared is generally employed in an amount sufficient to balance the total grease composition, after accounting for the desired quantity of the thickening agent, and other additive components to be included in the grease formulation.
- Typical synthetic vehicles include polyisobutylene, polybutenes, hydrogenated polydecenes, polypropylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, trimethylol propane esters, neopentyl and pentaerythritol esters, di(2-ethylhexyl) sebacate, di(2-ethylhexyl) adipate, dibutyl phthalate, fluorocarbons, silicate esters, silanes, esters of phosphorus-containing acids, liquid ureas, ferrocene derivatives, hydrogenated synthetic oils, chain-type polyphenyls, siloxanes and silicones (polysiloxanes), alkyl-substituted diphenyl ethers typified by a butyl-substituted bis(p-phenoxy phenyl) ether, phenoxy phenylethers.
- a lithium hydroxystearate grease thickener was prepared by saponification of 12-hydroxystearic acid (8%) and glyceride (9%) with lithium hydroxide monohydrate (2.5%) in a mineral oil vehicle (about 76%) at about 177°C and final pressure of about 860 kPa (110 psig) in a closed contactor. All percentages were percentages by weight of the total weight of the thickener.
- a boron ester was added to the grease concentrate.
- the boron-containing ester was prepared by placing 1440 g of 1,2-epoxyhexadecane, 500 g of toluene and 500 g of boric acid in a glass reactor equipped with heater, agitator and Dean-Stark tube with condenser. The reaction mixture was heated up to 144°C until water evolution as a result of azeotropic distillation ceased. The solvent was removed by vacuum distillation and the crude borate ester was filtered through diatomaceous earth to form a clear amber fluid which became waxy after cooling.
- the dropping point of the dehydrated thickener without borated epoxide was 199°C. Adding 1.4 wt.% of borated epoxide to the thickener increased the dropping point to 257°C. After the normal grease additive package was added to produce a finished grease, the dropping point increased further to 307°C. The dropping point of an identical, fully formulated finished grease with metallic dithiophosphate but without the borated epoxide was 193°C.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Claims (17)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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AT84300933T ATE31425T1 (de) | 1983-08-03 | 1984-02-14 | Schmierfett-zusammensetzung. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US51987883A | 1983-08-03 | 1983-08-03 | |
US519878 | 1983-08-03 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP0134063A2 EP0134063A2 (de) | 1985-03-13 |
EP0134063A3 EP0134063A3 (en) | 1985-05-15 |
EP0134063B1 true EP0134063B1 (de) | 1987-12-16 |
Family
ID=24070197
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP84300933A Expired EP0134063B1 (de) | 1983-08-03 | 1984-02-14 | Schmierfett-Zusammensetzung |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP0134063B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JPH0662987B2 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE31425T1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU566667B2 (de) |
BR (1) | BR8401750A (de) |
CA (1) | CA1209982A (de) |
DE (1) | DE3468122D1 (de) |
NZ (1) | NZ206931A (de) |
ZA (1) | ZA844087B (de) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4961868A (en) * | 1983-01-10 | 1990-10-09 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Grease composition |
US4582617A (en) * | 1983-08-03 | 1986-04-15 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Grease composition containing borated epoxide and hydroxy-containing soap grease thickener |
US5084194A (en) * | 1984-03-07 | 1992-01-28 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Grease composition |
US4780227A (en) * | 1984-08-22 | 1988-10-25 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Grease composition containing borated alkoxylated alcohols |
US4828734A (en) * | 1985-08-27 | 1989-05-09 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Grease compositions containing borated oxazoline compounds and hydroxy-containing soap thickeners |
US4781850A (en) * | 1985-08-27 | 1988-11-01 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Grease compositions containing borated catechol compounds and hydroxy-containing soap thickeners |
US4655948A (en) * | 1985-08-27 | 1987-04-07 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Grease compositions containing borated catechol compounds and hydroxy-containing soap thickeners |
KR20210025753A (ko) * | 2019-08-27 | 2021-03-10 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 고온 내구성이 향상된 윤활제 조성물 |
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DE1256826B (de) * | 1957-04-17 | 1967-12-21 | Mobil Oil Corp | Schmierfett |
AU550869B2 (en) * | 1981-08-03 | 1986-04-10 | Chevron Research Company | Lubricating oil with borated long chain 1,2 alkane diol friction modifier |
ZA825972B (en) * | 1981-09-22 | 1984-03-28 | Mobil Oil Corp | Borated hydroxyl-containing compositions and lubricants containing same |
CA1191502A (en) * | 1981-10-26 | 1985-08-06 | Vernon R. Small, Jr. | Method for reducing brake noise in oil-immersed disc brakes |
US4410438A (en) * | 1981-12-11 | 1983-10-18 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Borated epoxides and lubricants containing same |
-
1984
- 1984-01-25 NZ NZ206931A patent/NZ206931A/en unknown
- 1984-01-31 CA CA000446423A patent/CA1209982A/en not_active Expired
- 1984-02-01 AU AU23954/84A patent/AU566667B2/en not_active Expired
- 1984-02-14 DE DE8484300933T patent/DE3468122D1/de not_active Expired
- 1984-02-14 AT AT84300933T patent/ATE31425T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1984-02-14 EP EP84300933A patent/EP0134063B1/de not_active Expired
- 1984-03-23 JP JP59055971A patent/JPH0662987B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1984-04-16 BR BR8401750A patent/BR8401750A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1984-05-29 ZA ZA844087A patent/ZA844087B/xx unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ZA844087B (en) | 1986-01-29 |
EP0134063A3 (en) | 1985-05-15 |
AU2395484A (en) | 1985-02-07 |
JPS6040200A (ja) | 1985-03-02 |
BR8401750A (pt) | 1985-04-02 |
DE3468122D1 (en) | 1988-01-28 |
AU566667B2 (en) | 1987-10-29 |
EP0134063A2 (de) | 1985-03-13 |
ATE31425T1 (de) | 1988-01-15 |
CA1209982A (en) | 1986-08-19 |
JPH0662987B2 (ja) | 1994-08-17 |
NZ206931A (en) | 1986-12-05 |
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