EP0124431B1 - Pulping rotors - Google Patents

Pulping rotors Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0124431B1
EP0124431B1 EP84400817A EP84400817A EP0124431B1 EP 0124431 B1 EP0124431 B1 EP 0124431B1 EP 84400817 A EP84400817 A EP 84400817A EP 84400817 A EP84400817 A EP 84400817A EP 0124431 B1 EP0124431 B1 EP 0124431B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
turbine
shaft
disks
helical
turbine according
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Expired
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EP84400817A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0124431A1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Pierre Lamort
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Kadant Lamort SAS
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E&M Lamort Fils SA
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Priority to AT84400817T priority Critical patent/ATE25468T1/en
Publication of EP0124431A1 publication Critical patent/EP0124431A1/en
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21B—FIBROUS RAW MATERIALS OR THEIR MECHANICAL TREATMENT
    • D21B1/00—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment
    • D21B1/04—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres
    • D21B1/12—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres by wet methods, by the use of steam
    • D21B1/30—Defibrating by other means
    • D21B1/34—Kneading or mixing; Pulpers
    • D21B1/345—Pulpers
    • D21B1/347—Rotor assemblies

Definitions

  • the first operation consists in placing the waste paper in bulk in devices supplied with water and subjecting them to a first treatment such as to disintegrate the fiber and to allow or effect the separation of large impurities, such as twine, wire, large plastics, etc.
  • a first treatment such as to disintegrate the fiber and to allow or effect the separation of large impurities, such as twine, wire, large plastics, etc.
  • large impurities such as twine, wire, large plastics, etc.
  • primary pulpers are used, or so-called primary pulpers.
  • the trommels are generally cylinders rotating on a horizontal axis in which are provided shredding bars or balls and which are followed by sieve trommels or separating devices.
  • these trommels operate slowly and with a low flow rate and they provide a mixture with a low concentration of pulp (2 to 3% of dry matter), so that it is then necessary to carry out costly concentration operations.
  • Primary pulpers are generally open cylinder-shaped devices with a paddle rotor at the bottom.
  • the rotor is relatively flat and exerts a violent centrifugal action on the material in contact with a perforated bottom or fitted with bars, which causes the material to be shredded, part of which crosses the bottom and is then taken up. by separators or secondary pulpers.
  • Such a rotor is described for example in US-A-3,171,606.
  • This rotor further comprises a central protuberance carrying a spiral blade exerting a cleaning action directed upwards.
  • the disadvantage of these devices is a low concentration of the material obtained and excessive shredding, which interests not only the fibrous parts to be recovered, but also non-fibrous parts (twine, metal parts, plastics).
  • Certain other pulpers known under the name of “helical” pulpers, comprise a turbine in the form of a propeller with a vertical axis which imparts to the material an axial downward movement followed by a centrifugal movement on a smooth bottom.
  • defibration is carried out by fiber-to-fiber friction, the centrifuged material being sprayed onto relatively immobile material. Little shredding occurs and as a result the contaminants or impurities are preserved and are not divided while the paper is shredded.
  • An apparatus of this type is described in the patent VOITH GB-A-2,080,146. It includes a turbine mounted in the bottom of a tank, the turbine shaft is conical and a blade is wound in a spiral along the cone. The dough is drawn into this spiral with increasing speed down to the bottom of the tank and is projected onto the bottom by centrifugation.
  • the apparatuses of the so-called "helicopter” type to which the invention relates generally operate discontinuously, without a bottom grid, and the content of the pulper is then poured into separators which separate the good pulp from the impurities; such a separator is described in French patent 83.04929 filed March 25, 1983 in the name of the applicant.
  • the concentration obtained in these devices is of the order of 15% of dry matter, which is high enough to allow dilution in the following classification devices.
  • the object of the invention is to remedy these drawbacks and relates to a helical turbine for a pulper making it possible to produce, at lower cost and with greater efficiency, a range of pulpers much more extensive in volume, and in particular allowing the production of small units.
  • the turbine according to the invention is a pulper turbine intended to be placed on the bottom of a pulper tank comprising radiating curved and obliquely oriented fins as well as a helical disc of vertical axis, extending over 360 ° at more, characterized in that it consists of a vertical shaft carrying at its base blades-shaped fins extending in a spiral from the tree and surmounted by at least two helical discs, of small pitch, coaxial to the shaft, superimposed and oriented to exert a downward action when the fins exert a centrifugal action, said discs being separated along the shaft by a distance at least equal to 1.5 times the helical pitch of a disk.
  • the turbine according to the invention intended to be placed on the bottom of a primary pulper 1 of known shape, is formed of a shaft 2 of axis 9 bearing successively, from from the top, several helical discs 3, 4, 5 distant from each other, and at the bottom, several spiral fins 6, 7, 8.
  • the helical discs 3, 4, 5 are wound in a helix or in Archimedes screw around the shaft 2, each disc having an extension at most equal to one complete turn (360 °).
  • the pitch of each of these helical discs is small, the slope a at the periphery of the disc being of the order of 15 °.
  • the distance AB between two discs, measured along the shaft 2, is, on the other hand, relatively large. It is this distance which determines the height of the flow channel defined by two successive discs. This distance can vary within fairly wide limits.
  • the invention provides that the distance AB is at least equal to 1.5 times and preferably of the order of 2 times the pitch of a disc.
  • the shape of the spiral fins 6, 7, 8 is particularly visible in Figure 4 (view from below).
  • Their general shape is that of blades which develop in a spiral from the tree 2.
  • the curve adopted is that of Bernouilli spiral with constant angle p between 25 ° and 35 °.
  • the height of the blades 6, 7, 8 preferably decreases from the shaft 2 to their ends, the high point of each fin possibly being close to the nearest helical disc.
  • the number of these fins is preferably at least equal to three. They register. in an external diameter greater than that of the discs 3, 4, 5.
  • the assembly thus formed is in the general shape of a cone or bell at an angle at the top y of the order of 60 ° to 80 °.
  • the turbine according to the invention is presented as a shaft carrying a succession of helical washers of increasing diameter placed at a distance from each other and followed by a centrifugal rotor with spiral fins.
  • the turbine of the invention makes it possible to work at higher concentrations which can reach more than 20%, that is to say more than 200 g of dry matter per liter, which increases its defibrating power.
  • the manufacturing price of the turbine according to the invention is 4 to 5 times lower, which is considerable.
  • the turbine according to the invention therefore opens up new development perspectives for this kind of primary pulpers.
  • the turbine comprises two helical disks 3, 4 offset by approximately 180 °, while in the example in FIG. 3, three disks 3, 4, 5 are provided offset by approximately 120 ° .
  • the offsets adopted are those which give the best balance in rotation taking into account the differences in diameter of the different discs.
  • Each helical disc will preferably not extend beyond a full revolution (360 °) to avoid the formation of a narrow channel and the resulting jamming.
  • the discs can be more fragmented and extend at a much smaller angle.
  • a washer 10 for supporting the fins 6, 7, 8 is advantageously provided.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
  • Control Of Turbines (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a primary pulper turbine for processing recycled paper, of the type having the general shape of an helix. This turbine is formed of a shaft (2) carrying at least two helical disks (3, 4) coaxial to the shaft (2) and having a small pitch. These disks extend over at most 360 DEG and are spaced from each other along the shaft (2) by a distance of at least 1.5 times the helical pitch of a disk. The turbine carries on its base a set of radially extending fins (6, 7, 8), each one of which is curved into a spiral starting from the shaft (2). Preferably, the slant of the helical disks (3, 4, 5) relative to a plane perpendicular to the shaft (2) is approximately 15 DEG , and the disks are angularly spaced from each other by a same angle approximately equal to 360 DEG divided by the number of disks, for providing a proper dynamic balance of the turbine. The turbine of the invention is designed so as to have a high separation power for fibers, and to separate contaminants, such as plastics, from the paper pulp, without breaking them up into small pieces. This design lends itself to the building of small efficient primary pulpers, the volume of which may be less than 5 m3, as well as of larger ones.

Description

La récupération des vieux papiers occupe une place de plus en plus grande dans la fabrication de pâte à papier.The recovery of waste paper is occupying an increasingly important place in the manufacture of paper pulp.

Pour cette récupération, la première opération consiste à placer en vrac les vieux papiers dans des appareils alimentés en eau et à les soumettre à un premier traitement de nature à désintégrer la fibre et à permettre ou à effectuer la séparation des grosses impuretés, telles que les ficelles, fils de fer, plastiques de grandes dimensions, etc. Pour cette séparation, on utilise soit des trommels désintégrateurs, soit des appareils dits pulpeurs primaires.For this recovery, the first operation consists in placing the waste paper in bulk in devices supplied with water and subjecting them to a first treatment such as to disintegrate the fiber and to allow or effect the separation of large impurities, such as twine, wire, large plastics, etc. For this separation, either disintegrating trommels are used, or so-called primary pulpers.

Les trommels sont généralement des cylindres tournant à axe horizontal dans lesquels sont prévus des barres ou des boulets de déchiquetage et qui sont suivis de trommels à tamis ou d'appareils séparateurs. Mais ces trommels ont un fonctionnement lent et de faible débit et ils fournissent un mélange à faible concentration de pâte (2 à 3 % de matière sèche), de sorte qu'il faut ensuite procéder à des opérations de concentration coûteuses.The trommels are generally cylinders rotating on a horizontal axis in which are provided shredding bars or balls and which are followed by sieve trommels or separating devices. However, these trommels operate slowly and with a low flow rate and they provide a mixture with a low concentration of pulp (2 to 3% of dry matter), so that it is then necessary to carry out costly concentration operations.

Les pulpeurs primaires sont des appareils en forme de cylindres généralement ouverts pourvus d'un rotor à pales dans le fond. Dans certains de ces appareils, le rotor est relativement plat et exerce sur la matière une action centrifuge violente au contact d'un fond perforé ou muni de barrettes, ce qui provoque un déchiquetage de la matière dont une partie traverse le fond pour être ensuite repris par des séparateurs ou pulpeurs secondaires.Primary pulpers are generally open cylinder-shaped devices with a paddle rotor at the bottom. In some of these devices, the rotor is relatively flat and exerts a violent centrifugal action on the material in contact with a perforated bottom or fitted with bars, which causes the material to be shredded, part of which crosses the bottom and is then taken up. by separators or secondary pulpers.

Un tel rotor est décrit par exemple au brevet US-A-3.171.606. Ce rotor comporte en outre une protubérance centrale portant une lame spirale exerçant une action de débourrage orientée vers le haut.Such a rotor is described for example in US-A-3,171,606. This rotor further comprises a central protuberance carrying a spiral blade exerting a cleaning action directed upwards.

L'inconvénient de ces appareils est une faible concentration de la matière obtenue et un déchiquetage excessif, qui intéresse non seulement les parties fibreuses à récupérer, mais également des parties non fibreuses (ficelles, parties métalliques, plastiques).The disadvantage of these devices is a low concentration of the material obtained and excessive shredding, which interests not only the fibrous parts to be recovered, but also non-fibrous parts (twine, metal parts, plastics).

Or l'une des difficultés récentes de la récupération des vieux papiers vient de l'emploi accru des matières plastiques, notamment des feuilles de plastique combinées au papier et _il est d'une grande importance de parvenir à réaliser le défibrage du papier sans fractionner les parties en matière plastique de façon à faciliter leur séparation.One of the recent difficulties in recovering old paper comes from the increased use of plastics, in particular plastic sheets combined with paper, and it is of great importance to achieve defibration of the paper without dividing the plastic parts to facilitate their separation.

Certains autres pulpeurs, connus sous le nom de pulpeurs « hélico •, comportent une turbine en forme d'hélice à axe vertical qui imprime à la matière un mouvement descendant axial suivi d'un mouvement centrifuge sur un fond lisse. Avec ces appareils, le défibrage est réalisé par friction fibres sur fibres, la matière centrifugée étant projetée sur de la matière relativement immobile. Il se produit peu de déchiquetage et par suite les contaminants ou impuretés sont préservés et ne sont pas divisés, tandis que le papier est défibré.Certain other pulpers, known under the name of “helical” pulpers, comprise a turbine in the form of a propeller with a vertical axis which imparts to the material an axial downward movement followed by a centrifugal movement on a smooth bottom. With these devices, defibration is carried out by fiber-to-fiber friction, the centrifuged material being sprayed onto relatively immobile material. Little shredding occurs and as a result the contaminants or impurities are preserved and are not divided while the paper is shredded.

Un appareil de ce type est décrit dans le brevet VOITH GB-A-2.080.146. Il comprend une turbine montée dans le fond d'une cuve, l'arbre de la turbine y est conique et une lame s'enroule en spirale le long du cône. La pâte est entraînée dans cette spirale avec une vitesse croissante en descendant vers le fond de la cuve et est projetée sur le fond par centrifugation.An apparatus of this type is described in the patent VOITH GB-A-2,080,146. It includes a turbine mounted in the bottom of a tank, the turbine shaft is conical and a blade is wound in a spiral along the cone. The dough is drawn into this spiral with increasing speed down to the bottom of the tank and is projected onto the bottom by centrifugation.

D'autres appareils utilisent en combinaison des éléments hélicoïdaux à action verticale vers le bas et des éléments de déchiquetage, notamment les brevets FR-A-2.455.649, US-A-2.648.261 mais ces appareils, du fait qu'ils divisent la matière, ne répondent pas au problème ci-dessus précisé.Other devices use in combination helical elements with vertical downward action and shredding elements, in particular the patents FR-A-2,455,649, US-A-2,648,261 but these devices, because they divide matter, do not respond to the problem specified above.

Les appareils du type dit « hélico » auxquels se rapporte l'invention opèrent généralement de façon discontinue, sans grille de fond, et le contenu du pulpeur est ensuite déversé dans des séparateurs qui séparent la bonne pâte des impuretés ; un tel séparateur est décrit au brevet français 83.04929 déposé le 25 mars 1983 au nom de la demanderesse.The apparatuses of the so-called "helicopter" type to which the invention relates generally operate discontinuously, without a bottom grid, and the content of the pulper is then poured into separators which separate the good pulp from the impurities; such a separator is described in French patent 83.04929 filed March 25, 1983 in the name of the applicant.

La concentration obtenue dans ces appareils est de l'ordre de 15 % de matières sèches, ce qui est assez élevé pour permettre une dilution dans les appareils de classement qui suivent.The concentration obtained in these devices is of the order of 15% of dry matter, which is high enough to allow dilution in the following classification devices.

Cependant, l'inconvénient de ces appareils est la difficulté de réaliser des appareils de petites dimensions. Les nécessités de l'équilibrage de l'hélice exigent l'emploi de trois pales décalées de 120°, ce qui détermine trois canaux entre les pales, canaux qui s'enroulent autour de l'axe vertical selon une spirale à faible pente dans la partie supérieure pour s'évaser en canaux centrifuges et divergents dans la partie basse.However, the drawback of these devices is the difficulty of making devices of small dimensions. The needs of balancing the propeller require the use of three blades offset by 120 °, which determines three channels between the blades, channels which wind around the vertical axis in a spiral with a slight slope in the upper part for flaring in centrifugal and divergent channels in the lower part.

Lorsqu'il s'agit d'un pulpeur de 40 m3, il a un diamètre de 2 m, une hauteur de 2,10 m et les spirales, au nombre de 4, s'enroulant les unes dans les autres forment des canaux de 50 à 70 cm de largeur.When it is a 40 m 3 pulper, it has a diameter of 2 m, a height of 2.10 m and the spirals, 4 in number, winding into each other form channels from 50 to 70 cm in width.

Mais sur les appareils de petits modèles de moins de 5 m3 environ, par exemple, cette turbine hélice donne de mauvais résultats.But on devices of small models of less than about 5 m3, for example, this propeller turbine gives poor results.

La raison en est que l'espace entre les pales de l'hélice est trop petit et que la matière se bourre entre les pales ; pour maintenir un espace suffisant entre les pales, il faut alors augmenter leur pente, mais la matière reçoit de ce fait une composante de vitesse centrifuge dans la partie haute de l'hélice, ce qui est contraire à son bon fonctionnement. D'autre part, dans les grands appareils, la vitesse linéaire le long de l'axe est relativement lente par rapport à la vitesse linéaire à la périphérie de la partie inférieure de l'hélice, de sorte que l'on obtient une vitesse de sortie inférieure tangentielle centrifuge de la matière suffisante pour le défibrage.The reason is that the space between the blades of the propeller is too small and that the material is stuffed between the blades; to maintain a sufficient space between the blades, it is then necessary to increase their slope, but the material therefore receives a centrifugal speed component in the upper part of the propeller, which is contrary to its proper functioning. On the other hand, in large aircraft, the linear speed along the axis is relatively slow compared to the linear speed at the periphery of the lower part of the propeller, so that one obtains a speed of centrifugal tangential bottom outlet of material sufficient for defibration.

Les petits modèles, de par leurs faibles dimensions, doivent tourner moins vite pour. ne pas donner une trop grande centrifugation qui serait nuisible à leur pouvoir de défibrage.The small models, due to their small dimensions, must rotate slower for. don't give too much centrifugation which would harmful to their defibrating power.

L'invention a pour but de remédier à ces inconvénients et a pour objet une turbine en hélice pour pulpeur permettant de réaliser à moindre coût et avec une plus grande efficacité une gamme de pulpeurs beaucoup plus étendue en volume, et permettant notamment la réalisation d'unités de petites dimensions.The object of the invention is to remedy these drawbacks and relates to a helical turbine for a pulper making it possible to produce, at lower cost and with greater efficiency, a range of pulpers much more extensive in volume, and in particular allowing the production of small units.

La turbine selon l'invention est une turbine de pulpeur destinée à être placée sur le fond d'une cuve de pulpeur comportant des ailettes rayonnantes incurvées et orientées obliquement ainsi qu'un disque hélicoïdal d'axe vertical, s'étendant sur 360° au plus, caractérisée en ce qu'elle est constituée d'un arbre vertical portant à sa base des ailettes en forme de lames s'étendant en spirale à partir de l'arbre et surmontées par au moins deux disques hélicoïdaux, de faible pas, coaxiaux à l'arbre, superposés et orientés pour exercer une action vers le bas lorsque les ailettes exercent une action centrifuge, lesdits disques étant séparés le long de l'arbre par une distance au moins égale à 1,5 fois le pas hélicoïdal d'un disque.The turbine according to the invention is a pulper turbine intended to be placed on the bottom of a pulper tank comprising radiating curved and obliquely oriented fins as well as a helical disc of vertical axis, extending over 360 ° at more, characterized in that it consists of a vertical shaft carrying at its base blades-shaped fins extending in a spiral from the tree and surmounted by at least two helical discs, of small pitch, coaxial to the shaft, superimposed and oriented to exert a downward action when the fins exert a centrifugal action, said discs being separated along the shaft by a distance at least equal to 1.5 times the helical pitch of a disk.

De préférence :

  • a) Le pas des disques hélicoïdaux supérieurs est tel que la pente périphérique de ces disques par rapport au plan perpendiculaire à l'axe soit de l'ordre de 15° (10° à 20°).
  • b) Les diamètres moyens des disques hélicoïdaux vont en croissant du sommet de la turbine vers la base.
  • c) Les ailettes inférieures sont incurvées en spirale de Bernouilli d'angle compris entre 25° et 35° environ (la tangente à la spirale en un point quelconque fait un angle constant compris entre 25 et 35°, de préférence voisin de 30° avec la tangente au cercle par ce point).
  • d) Les différents disques hélicoïdaux sont décalés l'un par rapport à l'autre d'un angle voisin de 360° divisé par le nombre des disques.
Preferably:
  • a) The pitch of the upper helical discs is such that the peripheral slope of these discs relative to the plane perpendicular to the axis is of the order of 15 ° (10 ° to 20 °).
  • b) The mean diameters of the helical discs increase from the top of the turbine to the base.
  • c) The lower fins are curved in a Bernouilli spiral with an angle between 25 ° and 35 ° approximately (the tangent to the spiral at any point makes a constant angle between 25 and 35 °, preferably close to 30 ° with the tangent to the circle by this point).
  • d) The different helical discs are offset from each other by an angle close to 360 ° divided by the number of discs.

Ces dispositions et toutes autres particularités de l'invention sont illustrées par le dessin joint sur lequel :

  • La figure 1 est une vue schématique en coupe verticale d'un pulpeur primaire d'une turbine selon l'invention.
  • La figure 2 est une vue en élévation d'une turbine à deux disques et trois ailettes selon l'invention.
  • La figure 3 est une vue en élévation d'une turbine à trois disques et trois ailettes selon l'invention.
  • La figure 4 est une vue axiale de dessous de la turbine de la figure 2.
  • La figure 5 est une vue axiale de dessus de la même turbine.
These arrangements and all other features of the invention are illustrated by the attached drawing in which:
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view in vertical section of a primary pulper of a turbine according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 is an elevational view of a turbine with two discs and three fins according to the invention.
  • Figure 3 is an elevational view of a turbine with three discs and three fins according to the invention.
  • FIG. 4 is an axial view from below of the turbine of FIG. 2.
  • Figure 5 is an axial top view of the same turbine.

En se reportant à ces figures, on voit que la turbine selon l'invention, destinée à être placée sur le fond d'un pulpeur primaire 1 de forme connue, est formée d'un arbre 2 d'axe 9 portant successivement, à partir du haut, plusieurs disques hélicoïdaux 3, 4, 5 distants l'un de l'autre, et à la base, plusieurs ailettes spirales 6, 7, 8.Referring to these figures, it can be seen that the turbine according to the invention, intended to be placed on the bottom of a primary pulper 1 of known shape, is formed of a shaft 2 of axis 9 bearing successively, from from the top, several helical discs 3, 4, 5 distant from each other, and at the bottom, several spiral fins 6, 7, 8.

Les disques hélicoïdaux 3, 4, 5 s'enroulent en hélice ou en vis d'Archimède autour de l'arbre 2, chaque disque ayant une extension au plus égale à un tour complet (360°). Le pas de chacun de ces disques hélicoïdaux est faible, la pente a à la périphérie du disque étant de l'ordre de 15°. La distance AB entre deux disques, mesurée le long de l'arbre 2, est, par contre, relativement grande. C'est cette distance qui détermine la hauteur du canal d'écoulement défini par deux disques successifs. Cette distance peut varier dans d'assez larges limites. L'invention prévoit que la distance AB soit au moins égale à 1,5 fois et de préférence de l'ordre de 2 fois le pas d'un disque.The helical discs 3, 4, 5 are wound in a helix or in Archimedes screw around the shaft 2, each disc having an extension at most equal to one complete turn (360 °). The pitch of each of these helical discs is small, the slope a at the periphery of the disc being of the order of 15 °. The distance AB between two discs, measured along the shaft 2, is, on the other hand, relatively large. It is this distance which determines the height of the flow channel defined by two successive discs. This distance can vary within fairly wide limits. The invention provides that the distance AB is at least equal to 1.5 times and preferably of the order of 2 times the pitch of a disc.

La forme des ailettes spirales 6, 7, 8 est particulièrement visible sur la figure 4 (vue de dessous). Leur forme générale est celle de lames qui se développent en spirale à partir de l'arbre 2. De préférence, la courbe adoptée est celle de spirale de Bernouilli d'angle p constant compris entre 25° et 35°. La hauteur des lames 6, 7, 8 va de préférence en décroissant depuis l'arbre 2 jusqu'à leurs extrémités, le point haut de chaque ailette pouvant être voisin du disque hélicoïdal le plus proche. Le nombre de ces ailettes est de préférence au moins égal à trois. Elles s'inscrivent . dans un diamètre externe supérieur à celui des disques 3, 4, 5.The shape of the spiral fins 6, 7, 8 is particularly visible in Figure 4 (view from below). Their general shape is that of blades which develop in a spiral from the tree 2. Preferably, the curve adopted is that of Bernouilli spiral with constant angle p between 25 ° and 35 °. The height of the blades 6, 7, 8 preferably decreases from the shaft 2 to their ends, the high point of each fin possibly being close to the nearest helical disc. The number of these fins is preferably at least equal to three. They register. in an external diameter greater than that of the discs 3, 4, 5.

L'ensemble ainsi formé s'inscrit dans une forme générale de cône ou de cloche d'angle au sommet y de l'ordre de 60° à 80°.The assembly thus formed is in the general shape of a cone or bell at an angle at the top y of the order of 60 ° to 80 °.

Ainsi constituée, la turbine selon l'invention se présente comme un arbre portant une succession de rondelles hélicoïdales de diamètre croissant placées à distance l'une de l'autre et suivies d'un rotor centrifuge à ailettes spirales.Thus constituted, the turbine according to the invention is presented as a shaft carrying a succession of helical washers of increasing diameter placed at a distance from each other and followed by a centrifugal rotor with spiral fins.

Les avantages de l'invention sont les suivants :The advantages of the invention are as follows:

Le fait que t'en n'emploie plus une hélice de turbine à pales continues du haut en bas, mais une turbine formée de disques séparés et superposés, permet d'obtenir un canal d'écoulement suffisamment grand tout en conservant une pente faible pour les disques hélicoïdaux. De ce fait, l'entraînement des matières à traiter est réellement vertical dans la partie haute de la turbine, sans bourrage et sans effet centrifuge nuisible. Par contre, les ailettes spirales sont mieux alimentées et ont une action centrifuge plus efficace et mieux localisée à la base même de la turbine.The fact that you no longer use a turbine propeller with continuous blades from top to bottom, but a turbine formed of separate and superimposed discs, allows to obtain a sufficiently large flow channel while maintaining a slight slope for helical discs. Therefore, the drive of the materials to be treated is really vertical in the upper part of the turbine, without clogging and without harmful centrifugal effect. On the other hand, the spiral fins are better fed and have a more efficient centrifugal action and better located at the very base of the turbine.

De ce fait, il devient possible de réaliser des petites unités, de moins de 5 m3, aussi bien que des grandes unités (5 m3 à 50 m3).Therefore, it becomes possible to make small units, less than 5 m 3 , as well as large units (5 m 3 to 50 m 3 ).

De plus, la turbine de l'invention permet de travailler à des concentrations plus élevées pouvant atteindre plus de 20 %, c'est-à-dire plus de 200 g de matière sèche par litre, ce qui accroît son pouvoir de défibrage.In addition, the turbine of the invention makes it possible to work at higher concentrations which can reach more than 20%, that is to say more than 200 g of dry matter per liter, which increases its defibrating power.

Ceci résulte du fait que l'importance des contacts entre la matière et la turbine est diminuée et que la centrifugation est mieux localisée à la base. Il en résulte également une diminution de consommation d'énergie tant au niveau du fonctionnement du pulpeur primaire que de celui des séparateurs qui la suivent.This results from the fact that the importance of the contacts between the material and the turbine is reduced and that the centrifugation is better localized at the base. This also results in a reduction in energy consumption both in terms of the operation of the primary pulper and that of the separators which follow it.

Enfin, le coût de fabrication de la turbine selon l'invention est considérablement réduit du fait de la simplicité de formes de la turbine.Finally, the cost of manufacturing the turbine according to the invention is considerably reduced due to the simplicity of the shapes of the turbine.

Par rapport aux turbines du type Hélico actuellement sur le marché, le prix de fabrication de la turbine selon l'invention est 4 à 5 fois plus faible, ce qui est considérable.Compared to the Helico type turbines currently on the market, the manufacturing price of the turbine according to the invention is 4 to 5 times lower, which is considerable.

La turbine selon l'invention ouvre donc des perspectives de développement nouvelles à ce genre de pulpeurs primaires.The turbine according to the invention therefore opens up new development perspectives for this kind of primary pulpers.

Dans l'exemple de la figure 2, la turbine comporte deux disques hélicoïdaux 3, 4 décalés de 180° environ, tandis que dans l'exemple de la figure 3, on a prévu trois disques 3, 4, 5 décalés de 120° environ. Les décalages adoptés sont ceux qui donnent le meilleur équilibrage en rotation compte tenu des différences de diamètre des différents disques.In the example of FIG. 2, the turbine comprises two helical disks 3, 4 offset by approximately 180 °, while in the example in FIG. 3, three disks 3, 4, 5 are provided offset by approximately 120 ° . The offsets adopted are those which give the best balance in rotation taking into account the differences in diameter of the different discs.

Chaque disque hélicoïdal ne s'étendra pas de préférence au-delà d'un tour complet (360°) afin d'éviter la formation d'un canal étroit et le bourrage qui en résulte. Les disques peuvent être morcelés davantage et s'étendre sur un angle beaucoup plus faible. Néanmoins, selon l'invention, il est préféré de leur conserver une extension voisine d'un tour complet pour éviter la multiplication des bords d'attaque qui peuvent désintégrer à l'excès la matière et constituer des sources de bourrage.Each helical disc will preferably not extend beyond a full revolution (360 °) to avoid the formation of a narrow channel and the resulting jamming. The discs can be more fragmented and extend at a much smaller angle. However, according to the invention, it is preferred to keep them an extension close to a full turn to avoid the multiplication of the leading edges which can excessively disintegrate the material and constitute sources of stuffing.

A la base de la turbine une rondelle 10 de soutien des ailettes 6, 7, 8 est avantageusement prévue. 1At the base of the turbine, a washer 10 for supporting the fins 6, 7, 8 is advantageously provided. 1

Claims (11)

1. A pulper turbine intended for being placed over the bottom of a pulper tank, comprising radically extending curved and slanted blades, together with a helical disk having a vertical axis, said disk extending over 360° at most, characterized in that it is formed of a vertical shaft (2) carrying at its base (10) curved blades (6, 7, 8) extending spirally from said shaft, above which blades are mounted at least two helical disks (3, 4) having a small pitch, being coaxial with the shaft, superimposed and oriented for exerting a downward action, while the blades exert a centrifugal action, said disks being spaced along the shaft (2) by a distance at least equal to 1 1/2 times the helical pitch of a disk.
2. A turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that the peripheral slant of a helical disk (3, 4, 5) relative to a plane perpendicular to the shaft (2) is to the order of 15°, approximately.
3. A turbine according to either of the above claims, characterized in that the distance between two adjacent helical disks along the shaft (2) is at least equal to twice the pitch of one of said disks (3, 4, 5).
4. A turbine according to any of the above claims, characterized in that the mean diameters of the helical disks (3, 4, 5) increase from the apex of the turbine towards its base (10).
5. A turbine according to claim 4, characterized in that this diameter increase is such that the helical disks (3, 4, 5) are inscribed within a cone having an apex angle (γ) in the range from 60° to 80°.
6. A turbine according to any of the above claims, characterized in that the helical disks (3, 4, 5) are angularly offset at angles of approximately 360° divided by the number of disks.
7. A turbine according to any of the above claims, characterized in that each of the helical disks (3, 4, 5) extends about the shaft (2) over approximately 360°.
8. A turbine according to any of the above claims, characterized in that the lower blades (6, 7, 8) are curved along a Bernouilli spiral with an angle comprised between 25° and 30°.
9. A turbine according to any of the above claims, characterized in that the lower fins (6,7,8) are formed of curved blades having a decreasing height from the shaft (2) to their periphery.
10. A turbine according to any of the above claims, characterized in that the tips of the lower blades (6, 7, 8) are inscribed within a diameter which is larger than the diameter of the helical disks (3, 4, 5).
11. A paper-pulp processing pulper comprising an open vertical tank provided on its bottom with a turbine, characterized in that the turbine is designed in accordance with any of the above claims.
EP84400817A 1983-04-22 1984-04-20 Pulping rotors Expired EP0124431B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84400817T ATE25468T1 (en) 1983-04-22 1984-04-20 SOLVENT ROTORS.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8306636A FR2544756B1 (en) 1983-04-22 1983-04-22 IMPROVEMENTS ON DEFIBRATION TURBINES
FR8306636 1983-04-22

Publications (2)

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EP0124431A1 EP0124431A1 (en) 1984-11-07
EP0124431B1 true EP0124431B1 (en) 1987-02-11

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US (1) US4607802A (en)
EP (1) EP0124431B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS6045691A (en)
AT (1) ATE25468T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3462376D1 (en)
ES (1) ES287335Y (en)
FI (1) FI75002C (en)
FR (1) FR2544756B1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE25468T1 (en) 1987-02-15
DE3462376D1 (en) 1987-03-19
FI841587A (en) 1984-10-23
ES287335U (en) 1985-12-16
ES287335Y (en) 1986-07-16
US4607802A (en) 1986-08-26
FI75002B (en) 1987-12-31
JPS6212354B2 (en) 1987-03-18
JPS6045691A (en) 1985-03-12
FI841587A0 (en) 1984-04-19
FI75002C (en) 1988-04-11
EP0124431A1 (en) 1984-11-07
FR2544756B1 (en) 1985-08-30
FR2544756A1 (en) 1984-10-26

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