EP0113270B1 - Anordnung zum Zünden einer Ladung mittels radial gerichteter Detonationswelle - Google Patents

Anordnung zum Zünden einer Ladung mittels radial gerichteter Detonationswelle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0113270B1
EP0113270B1 EP19830402374 EP83402374A EP0113270B1 EP 0113270 B1 EP0113270 B1 EP 0113270B1 EP 19830402374 EP19830402374 EP 19830402374 EP 83402374 A EP83402374 A EP 83402374A EP 0113270 B1 EP0113270 B1 EP 0113270B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
explosive
initiating system
cylindrical
facing
anvils
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19830402374
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0113270A1 (de
Inventor
Pierre Deneuville
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Societe Nationale des Poudres et Explosifs
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Societe Nationale des Poudres et Explosifs
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Publication of EP0113270B1 publication Critical patent/EP0113270B1/de
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C19/00—Details of fuzes
    • F42C19/08—Primers; Detonators
    • F42C19/095—Arrangements of a multiplicity of primers or detonators, dispersed around a warhead, one of the primers or detonators being selected for directional detonation effects

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the initiation of explosive bodies and in particular the initiation of explosive bodies contained in projectiles of the bomb or shell type. More specifically, the invention relates to a system for initiating such explosive bodies making it possible to create a toroidal or cylindrical detonation wave directed perpendicularly to the axis of revolution of said system.
  • the ignition of an explosive body is carried out by a linear pyrotechnic chain consisting of a detonator followed by a relay charge itself followed by the explosive body.
  • the initial detonation wave produced by the detonator is amplified by the relay charge and initiates the detonation of the explosive body, the detonation therefore propagating along the axis of the above-mentioned pyrotechnic chain.
  • the detonation of the explosive body has the function of causing the bursting of the metallic body enveloping the explosive body.
  • the detonation wave strikes the end of said metallic body lying in the extension of the axis of said pyrotechnic chain, which does not cause an optimal bursting of this metallic body.
  • Explosive projectiles being, as a rule, solids of revolution, we then looked for cylindrical initiation systems, which can be housed axially in the explosive body and creating a detonation wave propagating perpendicular to the axis of revolution of said system so that the detonation wave created in said explosive body hits the maximum surface area of the metallic body enveloping said explosive body.
  • cylindrical initiation systems which can be housed axially in the explosive body and creating a detonation wave propagating perpendicular to the axis of revolution of said system so that the detonation wave created in said explosive body hits the maximum surface area of the metallic body enveloping said explosive body.
  • Such a system is for example described in French patent FR-A-1571182 (corresponding to the preamble of Rev. 1) and is composed with reference to FIGS.
  • the present invention relates to such a system, namely a system creating a toroidal detonation wave, or quasi-cylindrical, of large surface area, which propagates perpendicular to the axis of revolution of the priming system.
  • a priming system essentially consists, with reference to FIG. 1, of a cylindrical block of powerful secondary explosive 14 having a transient detonation regime enclosed between two cylindrical anvils 12 and 13 so that the flat faces of the cylindrical block 14 of explosive are in perfect contact with the flat faces anvils 12 and 13 without a layer of interstitial air.
  • the explosive constituting block 14 is a powerful secondary explosive having a transient detonation regime. It is therefore an explosive which can detonate only if it is initiated by a detonation wave coming from a primary explosive; it cannot be initiated by a simple shock or spark.
  • this explosive must still have a transient detonation regime, that is to say that the speed of propagation of the detonation in this explosive in the different possible directions is a function of the surrounding confinement.
  • Explosives with a transient detonation regime are explosives that are very sensitive to lateral detonation waves.
  • the main explosives known at present for presenting a transient detonation regime are on the one hand hexocires or octocires, that is to say waxes loaded with hexogen or octogen, and on the other hand composite explosives with inert plastic binder, such as polyurethanes or polybudienes, loaded with powerful secondary explosives such as in particular hexogen or octogen.
  • the cylindrical relay load 14 has a length substantially equal to its diameter.
  • the cylindrical anvils 12 and 13 are of the same diameter as the relay charge 14. They are made either of a heavy and non-brittle metal such as iron, steel or heavy iron-based alloys or of composite material consisting of a resin heavily loaded with heavy metal. As can be seen in fig. 1, the two anvils 1 and 13 are not identical.
  • the anvil 12 is a full cylindrical anvil.
  • the anvil 13 has over its entire length a cylindrical channel 15 whose axis coincides with that of said anvil.
  • the diameter of the channel 15 is substantially equal to the diameter of the detonator which will be used for igniting the priming system.
  • One of the faces of the anvil 13 typically carries a counterbore 16.
  • the counterbore 16 is advantageously of circular section and according to a preferred embodiment of the invention the counterbore 16 forms a hollow cylinder coaxial with the channel 15.
  • the face of the anvil 13 carrying the countersink 16 is disposed in contact with the relay charge 14.
  • a detonator 17 is introduced into the channel 15 so as to come into contact with the relay charge 14.
  • the detonator 17 is either a conventional electric detonator such as shown schematically in FIG. 1 or any other equivalent device such as, for example, an explosive relay device and detonating cord.
  • the free space 18 typically located between the detonator 17 and the internal walls of the counterbore 16 is filled either with air or with a flexible material such as, for example, synthetic foam.
  • the priming system according to the invention can, as shown in FIG. 1, be placed inside a metal tube 11.
  • a metal tube 11 This is a practical embodiment of the invention but not an essential embodiment.
  • a secondary cylindrical explosive 19 is housed in a metallic body 20.
  • a central channel 21 is hollowed out in the explosive 19, the axis of revolution 22 of the channel 21 being coincident with that of the explosive 19.
  • a priming system according to the invention as described above is placed in the channel 21.
  • the detonator 17 creates a detonation wave which initiates a detonation D in the secondary explosive with transient regime 14.
  • the presence of the free space 18 slows the propagation of the detonation wave D in the directions perpendicular to the axis 22 while this detonation accelerates in the direction of the axis 22 and thus transforms into a spherical wave which strikes on the one hand the walls of the tube 11 and on the other hand the anvil 12.
  • the anvil 12 does not retransmit the detonation in the direction of the axis 22.
  • the anvils 12 and 13 then reinforce the detonation D which initiates the through the walls of the tube 11 a detonation L perpendicular to the axis 22 in the explosive cylindrical 19.
  • the detonation L is propagated in the explosive 19 perpendicular to the axis 22 and comes to strike with full force the cylindrical walls of the envelope 20.
  • the initiation system according to the invention thus made it possible to produce a wave of detonation toric perpendicular to its axis of revolution. Its operation would have been identical in the absence of the metal tube 11, the detonation wave D coming in the latter case to directly strike the secondary explosive 19.
  • This particular embodiment relates to a priming device for creating a detonation wave propagating perpendicular to the axis of revolution of said device and consisting of two priming systems according to the invention arranged symmetrically around a common central anvil.
  • a channel 24 in which is placed a tube 25.
  • a central anvil 26 surrounded by two blocks 27 and 28 of explosive having a transient detonation regime.
  • the tube 25 is closed at each of its ends by anvils 29 and 30 similar to the anvil 13 described above.
  • Detonators 31 and 32 are placed in anvils 29 and 30.
  • the simultaneous firing of detonators 31 and 32 gives rise in 1 'explosive 23 to initial detonation waves L1 and L2 propagating perpendicular to the axis of revolution of the tube 25.
  • Such a priming device can be used to create a quasi-cylindrical detonation wave L of high power in the load 23.
  • FIG. 4 Another alternative embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG. 4.
  • a mass of explosive 33 is hollowed out a cylindrical channel 34.
  • this channel there is, directly in contact with the explosive, an anvil 35, a block of explosive 36 having a transient detonation regime and an anvil 37.
  • L Anvil 37 is provided with a central channel 38 and a counterbore 39 as described above.
  • the originality of the present embodiment lies in the fact that the explosive block 36 having a transient detonation regime has been hollowed out over a short length so as to present an axial recess 40 of circular section opposite the counterbore 39 carried by the anvil 37.
  • this recess is cylindrical.
  • the channel 39 and the recess 40 are shown with an identical diameter but this is not a necessary condition according to the invention.
  • a detonator 41 is placed in the channel 38 so as to come into contact with the explosive 36 by penetrating into the recess 40 which must, in any event, have a diameter greater than the diameter of the detonator 41.
  • the priming systems according to the invention thus make it possible to create a toroidal or quasi-cylindrical detonation wave, of large surface area, which propagates perpendicular to the axis of revolution of the priming system.
  • a central cylindrical channel with a diameter of 22 mm was dug in which a priming system similar to that shown in FIG. 1.
  • the metal tube 11 was a copper tube 1 mm thick and 90 mm long.
  • the anvil 12 in steel was 20 mm in diameter and 33.5 mm long.
  • the relay load 14 consisted of a cylindrical hexocire block 20 mm in diameter and 20 mm long.
  • the anvil 13 in steel was 20 mm in diameter and 33.5 mm long.
  • the central channel 15 was 7.1 mm in diameter
  • the cylindrical counterbore 16 was 15 mm in diameter over a depth of 8 mm.
  • a cylindrical electric detonator with exploded wire of diameter 7 mm and length 9.35 mm was put in place.
  • the free space 18 was filled with air.
  • a detonation wave propagating perpendicular to the axis of revolution of the channel in which the ignition system was housed was obtained in the composite explosive block.
  • This example relates to the particular implementation of a priming device according to the invention as shown in FIG. 3.
  • a central cylindrical channel with a diameter of 20 mm was dug in which two priming systems were placed in a manner similar to that shown in FIG. 3 except for the metal tube 25 which was not used in this example.
  • the central anvil 26 in steel was 20 mm in diameter and 69 mm long.
  • the two relay charges 27 and 28 were in hexocire and were 20 mm in diameter and 20 mm in length.
  • the steel end anvils 29 and 30 were 20 mm in diameter and 33.5 mm in length.
  • the central channel was 7.1 mm in diameter and the axial cylindrical counterbore 15 mm in diameter over a depth of 8 mm.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)

Claims (12)

1. Zündanordnung einer Sprengladung, die im wesentlichen aus einer zylinderförmigen Zünd- übertragungsladung (14) besteht, die einen Detonationsübergangsbereich aufweist, und zwischen zwei zylinderförmigen Stopfen (12, 13) mit gleichem Durchmesser wie die Zündladung (14) eingeschlossen ist, wobei einer der Stopfen auf seiner gesamten Länge einen axialen zentralen Kanal mit rundem Querschnitt (15) aufweist, in dem ein Zünder (17) angeordnet ist, der mit der Zündladung (14) in Berührung steht, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
a) die Stopfen (12, 13) aus einem Schwermetall oder einem zusammengesetzten Material auf der Basis eines Harzes, das mit Schwermetallpartikeln aufgefüllt ist, bestehen und
b) der zentrale axiale Kanal (15), der den Zünder (17) enthält, in einer Ausnehmung (16) auf der Seite des Stopfens (13) mündet, die mit der Zündladung (14) in Berührung steht.
2. Zündanordnung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Sprengstoff, der die Zündladung (14) bildet, aus der Gruppe gewählt wird, die aus den Hexo- und den Octowachsen und den Kompositsprengstoffen mit inertem plastischem Bindemittel, die mit starken Sekundärsprengstoffen aufgefüllt sind, besteht.
3. Zündanordnung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der starke Sekundärsprengstoff, der die Füllung des Kompositsprengstoffs mit inertem plastischem Bindemittel darstellt, aus der Gruppe gewählt ist, die durch die Hexogene und Octogene gebildet wird.
4. Zündanordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das inerte plastische Bindemittel aus der Gruppe gewählt wird, die aus den Polyurethanen und den Polybutadienen besteht.
5. Zündanordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Stopfen (12, 13) aus Schwermetall bestehen, das nicht bricht, wobei das Metall aus der Gruppe ausgewählt ist, die durch Eisen, Stahl und seine schweren Legierungen auf Eisenbasis, besteht.
6. Zündanordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ausnehmung (16) einen Kreisquerschnitt aufweist.
7. Zündanordnung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ausnehmung (16) einen Holhzylinder bildet, der koaxial zum Kanal (15) verläuft.
8. Zündanordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der freie Raum (18) zwischen dem Zünder (17) und den Innenwänden der Ausnehmung (16) mit Luft oder einem weichen Material gefüllt ist.
9. Zündanordnung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Zündladung (14) eine axiale Ausnehmung (40) mit kreisförmigem Querschnitt gegenüber der Ausnehmung (16) aufweist.
10. Zündanordnung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ausnehmung (40) zylinderförmig ist.
11. Zündanordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie im Inneren eines Metallrohrs (11) angeordnet ist.
12. Zündvorrichtung, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie aus zwei Zündanordnungen nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11 besteht, die symmetrisch um einen gemeinsamen zentralen Stopfen (26) angeordnet sind.
EP19830402374 1982-12-29 1983-12-08 Anordnung zum Zünden einer Ladung mittels radial gerichteter Detonationswelle Expired EP0113270B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8221997 1982-12-29
FR8221997A FR2538893A1 (fr) 1982-12-29 1982-12-29 Systeme d'amorcage pour dispositif explosif, permettant de creer une onde de detonation torique ou cylindrique dirigee perpendiculairement a l'axe de revolution dudit systeme

Publications (2)

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EP0113270A1 EP0113270A1 (de) 1984-07-11
EP0113270B1 true EP0113270B1 (de) 1986-11-20

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EP (1) EP0113270B1 (de)
DE (1) DE3367807D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2538893A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3441385A1 (de) * 1984-11-13 1986-05-22 Gebrüder Junghans GmbH, 7230 Schramberg Zuendsystem fuer lenkflugkoerper und raketengeschosse
GB8802328D0 (en) * 1988-02-03 1988-03-02 Ici Plc Multi-directional initiator for explosives

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB785155A (en) * 1959-01-14 1957-10-23 Borg Warner Improvements in or relating to explosive charges
BE717278A (de) * 1967-06-30 1968-12-02
FR2308906A1 (fr) * 1975-04-23 1976-11-19 Luchaire Sa Amorcage perfectionne pour charges creuses d'engins explosifs
DE2908310C2 (de) * 1979-03-03 1981-01-22 Franz Rudolf Prof. Dipl.- Ing. 8898 Schrobenhausen Thomanek Sprengladung, insbesondere Hohlladung mit Reflektoren und Leitkörpern zur örtlichen Verdammung der Sprengladung

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FR2538893A1 (fr) 1984-07-06
EP0113270A1 (de) 1984-07-11
DE3367807D1 (en) 1987-01-08
FR2538893B1 (de) 1985-05-24

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