EP0106113B1 - Process and apparatus for the bright annealing of metallic parts using nitrogen as the protective atmosphere - Google Patents

Process and apparatus for the bright annealing of metallic parts using nitrogen as the protective atmosphere Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0106113B1
EP0106113B1 EP83108799A EP83108799A EP0106113B1 EP 0106113 B1 EP0106113 B1 EP 0106113B1 EP 83108799 A EP83108799 A EP 83108799A EP 83108799 A EP83108799 A EP 83108799A EP 0106113 B1 EP0106113 B1 EP 0106113B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nitrogen
bright annealing
annealed
cooling line
liquid nitrogen
Prior art date
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Expired
Application number
EP83108799A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0106113A1 (en
Inventor
Gottfried Böhm
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Messer Griesheim GmbH
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Messer Griesheim GmbH
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Priority to AT83108799T priority Critical patent/ATE23197T1/en
Publication of EP0106113A1 publication Critical patent/EP0106113A1/en
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Publication of EP0106113B1 publication Critical patent/EP0106113B1/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/56—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering characterised by the quenching agents
    • C21D1/613—Gases; Liquefied or solidified normally gaseous material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for bright annealing of metallic workpieces with nitrogen as protective gas according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the workpieces are annealed under protective gas and then cooled.
  • cold fuel gas, air and water are used as the cooling medium.
  • Either exogas or nitrogen is used as the protective gas.
  • liquid nitrogen is evaporated in an air evaporator and, like the exogas, introduced at several points in the annealing furnace and the cooling section. The valuable cold of liquid nitrogen is lost unused. From FR-C 2 379 607 it is also known to introduce liquid nitrogen into a furnace for the treatment of metallic workpieces in order to achieve certain structural changes due to the strong cooling.
  • the invention is based on the object of improving the bright annealing process with nitrogen as a protective gas in such a way that, while simultaneously utilizing the cold content of the liquid nitrogen, the system costs are reduced and an increase in performance and, at least in the case of some metals, an improvement in quality becomes possible.
  • a device for performing the method is specified in claim 2. Due to the spray direction of 15 ° to 20 ° deviating from the vertical and against the direction of movement of the annealing material, there is an optimal heat exchange between the annealing material and liquid nitrogen, as well as excellent flow conditions for the vaporized nitrogen through the cooling section and the bright annealing furnace.
  • the nitrogen consumption is the same.
  • the liquid nitrogen is evaporated in the cooling section, there is no need to set up an air evaporator.
  • an increase in performance is possible due to the greater cooling of the workpieces and an improvement in quality, at least for some metals. Because of the strong cooling of the workpieces in the method according to the invention, they no longer start after leaving the cooling section, in contrast to methods according to the prior art.
  • liquid nitrogen When using liquid nitrogen according to the invention, 152 kg / h of liquid nitrogen, which corresponds to 130 m 3 / h of gaseous nitrogen, were required.
  • the outlet temperature of the copper pipes or copper coils was only 95 ° C, so that the workpieces no longer started.
  • a bright annealing furnace 1 is shown in section, at the input of an inlet section 2 and at the output of a cooling section 3 are connected.
  • the annealed material is conveyed on transport rollers 4 through the bright annealing furnace 1, the direction of movement of the annealed material is indicated by arrow 5.
  • Nitrogen serves as protective gas, which is supplied in liquid form from the insulated tank 6 and through the insulated line 7 to the bright annealing furnace 1.
  • the liquid nitrogen is sprayed directly into the end region 8 of the cooling section 3 at an angle of 15 ° to 20 ° deviating from the vertical and counter to the direction of movement of the annealing material, without prior evaporation.
  • the metering takes place by means of a regulating valve 9, in addition, conventional conveying and monitoring devices, such as phase separators, thermometers and manometers, which are not shown in the drawing, are provided.
  • the sprayed-in liquid nitrogen evaporates by heat exchange with the still hot annealing material, flows in gaseous form through the cooling section 3 and the bright annealing furnace 1 and leaves the plant through the inlet section 2.
  • the direction of flow of the gaseous nitrogen is indicated by an arrow 10.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 Details of the spraying of the liquid nitrogen into the cooling section 3 are shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • the nozzle assembly 12 is arranged in the ceiling 11, to which the liquid nitrogen is supplied through the control valve 9.
  • There are bores in the nozzle assembly 12 which are arranged in this way are that the liquid nitrogen exits at an angle of 15 ° deviating from the vertical against the direction of movement of the annealing material 13, as shown in FIG. 3.
  • the sprayed liquid nitrogen thus impinges almost perpendicularly on the annealing material 13, which causes an intensive heat exchange and rapid evaporation of the nitrogen.
  • a movement toward the annealing furnace 1 and the inlet section 2 is impressed on the nitrogen.
  • the invention is not limited to this device.
  • the outlet angle of 15 ° to 20 ° can also be achieved, for example, by angling the inlet pipe for the liquid nitrogen in the cooling section 3 accordingly.
  • Several nozzle assemblies can also be arranged one behind the other.

Abstract

Metallic work pieces are annealed under protective gas in bright annealing furnaces with subsequent cooling line. Exogas or nitrogen is used as protective gas. In the latter case, liquid nitrogen is evaporated and introduced at several locations in the bright annealing furnace and the cooling line. For the purpose of decreasing the installation costs, increasing the performance and improving the quality, the liquid nitrogen is sprayed without prior evaporation onto the material to be annealed, namely in the end zone of the cooling line.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum Blankglühen von metallischen Werkstücken mit Stickstoff als Schutzgas nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1. In Blankglüh- öfen für Werkstücke aus Stahl, Eisen oder NE-Metallen werden die Werkstücke unter Schutzgas geglüht und anschliessend gekühlt. Als Kühlmedium werden, wie in der DE-C671046 beschrieben, kaltes Brenngas, Luft und Wasser eingesetzt. Als Schutzgas verwendet man entweder Exogas oder Stickstoff. Im Falle der Stickstoffverwendung wird flüssiger Stickstoff in einem Luftverdampfer verdampft und ähnlich wie das Exogas an mehreren Stellen des Glühofens und der Kühlstrecke eingeleitet. Hierbei geht die wertvolle Kälte des flüssigen Stickstoffes ungenutzt verloren. Aus der FR-C 2 379 607 ist es ferner bekannt, flüssigen Stickstoff in einen Ofen zur Behandlung metallischer Werkstücke einzuleiten, um durch die starke Abkühlung bestimmte Gefügeumwandlungen zu erzielen.The invention relates to a method and a device for bright annealing of metallic workpieces with nitrogen as protective gas according to the preamble of claim 1. In bright annealing furnaces for workpieces made of steel, iron or non-ferrous metals, the workpieces are annealed under protective gas and then cooled. As described in DE-C671046, cold fuel gas, air and water are used as the cooling medium. Either exogas or nitrogen is used as the protective gas. If nitrogen is used, liquid nitrogen is evaporated in an air evaporator and, like the exogas, introduced at several points in the annealing furnace and the cooling section. The valuable cold of liquid nitrogen is lost unused. From FR-C 2 379 607 it is also known to introduce liquid nitrogen into a furnace for the treatment of metallic workpieces in order to achieve certain structural changes due to the strong cooling.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, das Blankglühverfahren mit Stickstoff als Schutzgas so zu verbessern, dass bei gleichzeitiger Ausnutzung des Kälteinhaltes des flüssigen Stickstoffes die Anlagekosten verringert und eine Leistungssteigerung und zumindest bei einigen Metallen eine Qualitätsverbesserung möglich wird.The invention is based on the object of improving the bright annealing process with nitrogen as a protective gas in such a way that, while simultaneously utilizing the cold content of the liquid nitrogen, the system costs are reduced and an increase in performance and, at least in the case of some metals, an improvement in quality becomes possible.

Ausgehend von dem im Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1 berücksichtigten Stand der Technik ist diese Aufgabe erfindungsgemäss gelöst mit den im kennzeichnenden Teil des Anspruches 1 angegebenen Merkmalen.Starting from the prior art considered in the preamble of claim 1, this object is achieved according to the invention with the features specified in the characterizing part of claim 1.

Eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens ist in Anspruch 2 angegeben. Durch die Sprührichtung von 15° bis 20° abweichend von der Vertikalen und entgegen der Bewegungsrichtung des Glühgutes ergibt sich ein optimaler Wärmeaustausch zwischen Glühgut und flüssigem Stickstoff, sowie ausgezeichnete Strömungsverhältnisse für den verdampften Stickstoff durch die Kühlstrecke und den Blankglühofen.A device for performing the method is specified in claim 2. Due to the spray direction of 15 ° to 20 ° deviating from the vertical and against the direction of movement of the annealing material, there is an optimal heat exchange between the annealing material and liquid nitrogen, as well as excellent flow conditions for the vaporized nitrogen through the cooling section and the bright annealing furnace.

Gegenüber dem bisherigen Verfahren, bei dem der flüssige Stickstoff in einem Luftverdampfer verdampft wird, ist der Stickstoffverbrauch gleich. Da aber der flüssige Stickstoff in der Kühlstrecke verdampft wird, erübrigt sich das Aufstellen eines Luftverdampfers. Gegenüber dem Verfahren mit Exogas oder gasförmigem Stickstoff als Schutzgas ist wegen der stärkeren Abkühlung der Werkstücke eine Leistungssteigerung möglich und zumindest bei einigen Metallen eine Qualitätsverbesserung. Wegen der starken Abkühlung der Werkstücke bei dem erfindungsgemässen Verfahren laufen diese nämlich nach Verlassen der Kühlstrecke nicht mehr an, im Gegensatz zu Verfahren nach dem Stand derTechnik.Compared to the previous process, in which the liquid nitrogen is evaporated in an air evaporator, the nitrogen consumption is the same. However, since the liquid nitrogen is evaporated in the cooling section, there is no need to set up an air evaporator. Compared to the process with exogas or gaseous nitrogen as a protective gas, an increase in performance is possible due to the greater cooling of the workpieces and an improvement in quality, at least for some metals. Because of the strong cooling of the workpieces in the method according to the invention, they no longer start after leaving the cooling section, in contrast to methods according to the prior art.

Dies zeigen die nachfolgend beschriebenen Vergleichsversuche.This is shown by the comparative tests described below.

Es wurden jeweils 2000 kg/h gestreckte Kupferrohre oder 1500 kg/h aufgewickelte Kupfercoils geglüht. Bei Verwendung von Exogas wurden hierfür 130 m3/h benötigt. Die Auslauftemperatur der Kupferrohre bzw. der Kupfercoils aus der Kühlstrecke betrug 140°C. Die Kupfercoils und die Kupferrohre liefen an.In each case, 2000 kg / h stretched copper tubes or 1500 kg / h wound copper coils were annealed. When using Exogas, 130 m 3 / h were required. The outlet temperature of the copper pipes or copper coils from the cooling section was 140 ° C. The copper coils and the copper pipes started up.

Bei dem erfindungsgemässen Einsatz von flüssigem Stickstoff wurden 152 kg/h flüssiger Stickstoff, das entspricht 130 m3/h gasförmigem Stickstoff, benötigt. Die Auslauftemperatur der Kupferrohre oder Kupfercoils betrug nur 95°C, so dass die Werkstücke nicht mehr anliefen.When using liquid nitrogen according to the invention, 152 kg / h of liquid nitrogen, which corresponds to 130 m 3 / h of gaseous nitrogen, were required. The outlet temperature of the copper pipes or copper coils was only 95 ° C, so that the workpieces no longer started.

Durch entsprechende Dosierung des flüssigen Stickstoffes kann sowohl die Auslauftemperatur als auch die Durchsatzmenge in einfacher Weise variiert werden. Dies ist ein besonderer Vorteil des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens. Wollte man dagegen bei Verfahren nach dem Stand der Technik die Durchsatzleitung steigern, so müsste die Kühlstrecke verlängert werden.Appropriate metering of the liquid nitrogen allows both the outlet temperature and the throughput quantity to be varied in a simple manner. This is a particular advantage of the method according to the invention. On the other hand, if one wanted to increase the throughput line in processes according to the prior art, the cooling section would have to be extended.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung soll anhand der beigefügten Zeichnung erläutert werden. Es zeigen

  • Fig. 1 einen Schnitt durch einen Blankglühofen mit angeschlossener Kühlstrecke und Zufuhr von flüssigem Stickstoff in den Endbereich der Kühlstrecke,
  • Fig. 2 einen Schnitt entlang der Linie A-A in Fig.1,
  • Fig. 3 einen Schnitt entlang der Linie B-B in Fig. 2.
An embodiment of the invention will be explained with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it
  • 1 shows a section through a bright annealing furnace with a connected cooling section and supply of liquid nitrogen in the end region of the cooling section,
  • 2 shows a section along the line AA in FIG. 1,
  • 3 shows a section along line BB in FIG. 2.

In Fig. 1 ist im Schnitt ein Blankglühofen 1 dargestellt, an dessen Eingang eine Einlaufstrecke 2 und an dessen Ausgang eine Kühlstrecke 3 angeschlossen sind. Das Glühgut wird auf Transportrollen 4 durch den Blankglühofen 1 gefördert, die Bewegungsrichtung des Glühgutes ist durch den Pfeil 5 angegeben. Als Schutzgas dient Stickstoff, der in flüssiger Form aus dem isolierten Tank 6 und durch die isolierte Leitung 7 dem Blankglühofen 1 zugeführt wird. Erfindungsgemäss wird der flüssige Stickstoff ohne vorherige Verdampfung direkt in den Endbereich 8 der Kühlstrecke 3 unter einem Winkel von 15° bis 20° abweichend von der Vertikalen und entgegen der Bewegungsrichtung des Glühgutes eingesprüht. Die Dosierung geschieht mittels eines Regulierventils 9, ausserdem sind in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellte übliche Förder- und Überwachungseinrichtungen, wie Phasentrenner, Thermometer und Manometer, vorgesehen. Der eingesprühte flüssige Stickstoff verdampft durch Wärmeaustausch mit dem noch heissen Glühgut, strömt in gasförmiger Form durch die Kühlstrecke 3 und den Blankglühofen 1 und verlässt die Anlage durch die Einlaufstrecke 2. Die Strömungsrichtung des gasförmigen Stickstoffes ist durch einen Pfeil 10 angegeben.In Fig. 1, a bright annealing furnace 1 is shown in section, at the input of an inlet section 2 and at the output of a cooling section 3 are connected. The annealed material is conveyed on transport rollers 4 through the bright annealing furnace 1, the direction of movement of the annealed material is indicated by arrow 5. Nitrogen serves as protective gas, which is supplied in liquid form from the insulated tank 6 and through the insulated line 7 to the bright annealing furnace 1. According to the invention, the liquid nitrogen is sprayed directly into the end region 8 of the cooling section 3 at an angle of 15 ° to 20 ° deviating from the vertical and counter to the direction of movement of the annealing material, without prior evaporation. The metering takes place by means of a regulating valve 9, in addition, conventional conveying and monitoring devices, such as phase separators, thermometers and manometers, which are not shown in the drawing, are provided. The sprayed-in liquid nitrogen evaporates by heat exchange with the still hot annealing material, flows in gaseous form through the cooling section 3 and the bright annealing furnace 1 and leaves the plant through the inlet section 2. The direction of flow of the gaseous nitrogen is indicated by an arrow 10.

Einzelheiten zum Einsprühen des flüssigen Stickstoffes in die Kühlstrecke 3 sind in den Fig. 2 und 3 dargestellt. Im Endbereich 8 der Kühlstrekke 3 ist in der Decke 11 der Düsenstock 12 angeordnet, dem durch das Regelventil 9 der flüssige Stickstoff zugeführt wird. In dem Düsenstock 12 befinden sich Bohrungen, die so angeordnet sind, dass der flüssige Stickstoff unter einem Winkel von 15° abweichend von der Vertikale entgegen der Bewegungsrichtung des Glühgutes 13 austritt, wie es in Fig. 3 dargestellt ist. Der ausgesprühte flüssige Stickstoff prallt somit nahezu senkrecht auf das Glühgut 13 auf, was einen intensiven Wärmeaustausch und rasche Verdampfung des Stickstoffs bewirkt. Gleichzeitig wird dem Stickstoff jedoch eine Bewegung hin zum Glühofen 1 und zur Einlaufstrecke 2 aufgeprägt. Die Erfindung ist nicht auf diese Vorrichtung beschränkt. Der Austrittswinkel von 15° bis 20° kann z.B. auch dadurch erreicht werden, dass das Eintrittsrohr für den flüssigen Stickstoff in der Kühlstrecke 3 entsprechend abgewinkelt wird. Es können auch mehrere Düsenstöcke hintereinander angeordnet werden.Details of the spraying of the liquid nitrogen into the cooling section 3 are shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. In the end region 8 of the cooling section 3, the nozzle assembly 12 is arranged in the ceiling 11, to which the liquid nitrogen is supplied through the control valve 9. There are bores in the nozzle assembly 12 which are arranged in this way are that the liquid nitrogen exits at an angle of 15 ° deviating from the vertical against the direction of movement of the annealing material 13, as shown in FIG. 3. The sprayed liquid nitrogen thus impinges almost perpendicularly on the annealing material 13, which causes an intensive heat exchange and rapid evaporation of the nitrogen. At the same time, however, a movement toward the annealing furnace 1 and the inlet section 2 is impressed on the nitrogen. The invention is not limited to this device. The outlet angle of 15 ° to 20 ° can also be achieved, for example, by angling the inlet pipe for the liquid nitrogen in the cooling section 3 accordingly. Several nozzle assemblies can also be arranged one behind the other.

Claims (2)

1. Process for bright annealing of metallic work pieces in a bright annealing furnace (1) with subsequent cooling line (3) und using nitrogen which is produced by evaporation of its liquid phase as protective gas, characterized in spraying the nitrogen in liquid form in the end zone of the cooling line at an angle of 15° to 20° from the vertical against the movement direction of the material (13) to be annealed onto the material to be annealed.
2. Device for carrying out the process according to claim 1, with a bright annealing furnace and a subsequent cooling line, characterized in a nozzling assembly (12) with nozzles for spraying liquid nitrogen into the material to be annealed, said assembly being located in the end zone (18) of said cooling line (3) below the cover (11) thereof and perpendicular to the movement direction of the material (13) to be annealed, said nozzles being arranged at an angle of 15° to 20° from the vertical against the movement direction of the material to be annealed.
EP83108799A 1982-09-21 1983-09-07 Process and apparatus for the bright annealing of metallic parts using nitrogen as the protective atmosphere Expired EP0106113B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83108799T ATE23197T1 (en) 1982-09-21 1983-09-07 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR BRIGHT ANNEALING OF METALLIC WORKPIECES USING NITROGEN AS A PROTECTIVE GAS.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3234863A DE3234863C2 (en) 1982-09-21 1982-09-21 Process and device for bright annealing of metallic workpieces with nitrogen as protective gas
DE3234863 1982-09-21

Publications (2)

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EP0106113A1 EP0106113A1 (en) 1984-04-25
EP0106113B1 true EP0106113B1 (en) 1986-10-29

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EP83108799A Expired EP0106113B1 (en) 1982-09-21 1983-09-07 Process and apparatus for the bright annealing of metallic parts using nitrogen as the protective atmosphere

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US (1) US4515645A (en)
EP (1) EP0106113B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE23197T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3234863C2 (en)
ZA (1) ZA836972B (en)

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DE3501463A1 (en) * 1985-01-17 1986-07-17 Linde Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden METHOD AND DEVICE FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF WORKPIECES
US4643401A (en) * 1985-08-28 1987-02-17 Mg Industries Apparatus for cooling a vacuum furnace
JPH01287221A (en) * 1988-05-13 1989-11-17 Usui Internatl Ind Co Ltd Method and device for high-frequency heat treatment of long-sized metallic material
DE4234285A1 (en) * 1992-10-10 1994-04-14 Heimsoth Verwaltungen Process for the heat treatment of metallic goods
DE19652607A1 (en) * 1996-12-18 1998-06-25 Messer Griesheim Gmbh Process for glue-free annealing of non-ferrous metal parts
EP0949348A1 (en) * 1998-04-09 1999-10-13 Alusuisse Technology & Management AG Process for controlled cooling of aluminium alloy strips and profiles
US6228187B1 (en) 1998-08-19 2001-05-08 Air Liquide America Corp. Apparatus and methods for generating an artificial atmosphere for the heat treating of materials
DE10054765A1 (en) * 2000-11-04 2002-05-16 Messer Griesheim Gmbh Heat treatment furnace used for heat treating steel comprises a housing containing a heating chamber with a treatment chamber having a deep cooling system
DE102004054627A1 (en) * 2004-11-11 2006-05-18 Linde Ag Device for cooling long objects
US20060266793A1 (en) * 2005-05-24 2006-11-30 Caterpillar Inc. Purging system having workpiece movement device
DE102007057855B3 (en) 2007-11-29 2008-10-30 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Production of moldings with structure zones of different ductility comprises heat treatment of aluminum-silicon coated high-tensile steel blank, followed by treating zones at different temperature

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DE671046C (en) * 1934-08-30 1939-01-30 Aeg Process for the cooling of metallic goods heated in electrically heated bright annealing continuous furnaces
FR845086A (en) * 1938-02-18 1939-08-10 Method and device for the heat treatment of metallic objects
US3036825A (en) * 1957-05-17 1962-05-29 Eisenmenger Friedrich Process and apparatus for the continuous heat treating of elongated material
US3189490A (en) * 1962-11-05 1965-06-15 United States Steel Corp Method and apparatus for quenching pipe
US3407099A (en) * 1965-10-22 1968-10-22 United States Steel Corp Method and apparatus for spraying liquids on the surface of cylindrical articles
US3507712A (en) * 1967-09-08 1970-04-21 United States Steel Corp Method and apparatus for quenching pipe
SE7513756L (en) * 1975-12-05 1977-06-06 Fagersta Ab METHODS AND FACILITIES FOR MANUFACTURE OF STALGOT WITH SMALL CROSS-SECTION AREA
FR2379607A1 (en) * 1977-02-03 1978-09-01 Vide & Traitement Sa Thermal or thermochemical treatment process of metals - involves a cooling step using a jet of liquid nitrogen

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DE3234863A1 (en) 1984-03-22
US4515645A (en) 1985-05-07
EP0106113A1 (en) 1984-04-25
DE3234863C2 (en) 1986-04-10
ZA836972B (en) 1984-05-30
ATE23197T1 (en) 1986-11-15

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