EP0105866A1 - Plasma melting furnace - Google Patents

Plasma melting furnace Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0105866A1
EP0105866A1 EP83890167A EP83890167A EP0105866A1 EP 0105866 A1 EP0105866 A1 EP 0105866A1 EP 83890167 A EP83890167 A EP 83890167A EP 83890167 A EP83890167 A EP 83890167A EP 0105866 A1 EP0105866 A1 EP 0105866A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
furnace
plasma
cover
mouths
diameter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP83890167A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0105866B1 (en
Inventor
Walter Dipl.-Ing. Dr. Lugscheider
Alois Dipl.-Ing. Dr. Leutgöb
Ernst Riegler
Ernst Zajicek
Othmar Dipl.-Ing. Pühringer
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Voestalpine AG
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Voestalpine AG
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Publication of EP0105866A1 publication Critical patent/EP0105866A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B7/00—Heating by electric discharge
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
    • F27B3/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to hearth-type furnaces
    • F27B3/18—Arrangements of devices for charging
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/0025—Charging or loading melting furnaces with material in the solid state
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D2001/0046—Means to facilitate repair or replacement or prevent quick wearing
    • F27D2001/0056—Aspects of construction intended to prevent wear
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
    • F27D99/0006—Electric heating elements or system
    • F27D2099/0031—Plasma-torch heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
    • F27D99/0033—Heating elements or systems using burners
    • F27D2099/004—Heating elements or systems using burners directed upon the charge, e.g. vertically
    • F27D2099/0041—Heating elements or systems using burners directed upon the charge, e.g. vertically with a small angle, e.g. almost tangentially
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S266/00—Metallurgical apparatus
    • Y10S266/90—Metal melting furnaces, e.g. cupola type
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S266/00—Metallurgical apparatus
    • Y10S266/901—Scrap metal preheating or melting

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a plasma melting furnace with a refractory-lined cylindrical furnace body, through the side wall of which a plurality of downward-directed plasma torches are guided, the mouths of which protrude beyond the inner surface of the furnace body into the furnace interior, and with a fireproof-lined cover that closes the furnace interior.
  • Plasma melting furnaces of this type are mainly used for melting scrap.
  • the plasma melting furnaces of conventional design are charged with the solid insert to be melted only to such an extent that the furnace interior above the mouths of the plasma torch remains free of feed material, since otherwise electrical flashovers between parts of the insert and the burner orifice can take place during the melting process, which can lead to failure or even to Destruction of the plasma torch.
  • the available furnace filling volume can therefore generally only be used up to 30%, up to a maximum of 50%, so that just when the plasma melting furnace is loaded with scrap with a low bulk density, one or more batches have to be recharged in order to use the furnace capacity as economically as possible.
  • the re-charging following the melting down of the partial quantities of scrap which have already been introduced into the furnace has serious disadvantages. So the furnace lid has to be lifted again and again and the plasma torches have to be withdrawn from the furnace interior. Furthermore, it is particularly difficult and associated with considerable losses of inert gas during the charging process Avoiding false air access to the melt.
  • the invention has for its object to overcome the difficulties outlined and to create a plasma melting furnace, which needs to be charged only once, even in applications with low bulk densities, utilizing the full furnace capacity, without the plasma torch due to the occurrence of electrical short circuits or falling parts of the Endanger feedstock.
  • the object is achieved in a plasma melting furnace of the type described at the outset in that the cover has a shoulder-shaped protruding part which delimits a central charging opening and can be closed by a lid, the diameter of the central charging opening being less than the diameter of the circle on which the mouths of the plasma torches lie.
  • the cover is designed to be liftable and pivotable in a known manner.
  • a pouring cone is formed in a plasma melting furnace according to the invention, the diameter of which can be kept smaller than the diameter of that circle at the level of a horizontal plane through the mouths of the plasma torches, on the circumference of which the mouths of the plasma torches are arranged.
  • the protruding part forms a charging shaft with a selectable length.
  • the tip of the pouring cone formed from the charge material can reach into this charging shaft without endangering the plasma torch orifices inside the furnace. This ensures optimal utilization of the furnace filling volume with a single charging process.
  • a discharge opening for exhaust gases is expediently arranged on the side of the projecting part. This discharge opening is located in the area of the upper end of the upstanding part.
  • the design of the plasma melting furnace according to the invention even enables the furnace to be charged continuously, the inert gas atmosphere in the furnace interior nevertheless being maintained.
  • the exhaust opening in the cover is closed, so that the hot furnace gases flow against the feed material charged through the central opening of the cover.
  • the contaminants brought in by the scrap are largely burned off and, on the other hand, the feed material is preheated.
  • the cleaned and preheated feed material ensures the best possible use of the energy emitted by the plasma torches.
  • the burners can be pulled out of the furnace interior in a known manner as far as an additional precaution so that the burner orifices come to lie in the region of the furnace lining.
  • the plasma torches can preferably be swiveled horizontally and vertically, it having proven to be advantageous if each plasma torch can be adjusted both horizontally and vertically by an angle of + 10 ° in each case, based on the normal position. Compared to heavy scrap, less energy is required to melt lightweight scrap for the same bulk volume due to the lower bulk density. It is therefore more economical to distribute the energy emitted by the plasma torches over a larger volume range using swivel movements.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic sectional view of a plasma melting furnace according to the invention with a cylindrical furnace body and four downward, pivotable plasma torches.
  • FIG. 2 shows a top view of a plasma melting furnace according to FIG. 1 without a cover and furnace cover.
  • the refractory-lined cylindrical furnace body of the plasma melting furnace shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is designated 1, the furnace lower part, in which the molten material 2 collects, with 3.
  • the lower furnace part 3 is penetrated by an axially arranged bottom electrode 4.
  • Slags are not shown door and a pouring spout, which are arranged diametrically opposite each other in the region of the lower part 3 in the usual manner.
  • Four plasma torches 5 which are guided through the side wall of the furnace body 1 and are directed downward are each movably mounted on a support structure (not shown).
  • the cover placed on the furnace body 1 is generally designated 6.
  • the shoulder-like projecting part 7 of the cover delimits a central charging opening, which is circular in the embodiment shown, the axis of which is identical to the longitudinal axis 8 of the furnace body 1.
  • the diameter D 1 of the central C hargierö Stamm is less than the diameter D 2 of the circle on which the mouths of the plasma burners are located. 5
  • the exhaust opening 9 for exhaust gases is arranged laterally on the upstanding part 7 of the cover 6 forming a charging shaft.
  • the charging opening is closed with a lid 10.
  • the plasma torches 5 are gimbally suspended, the suspension device not being shown. In their normal position, they are inclined at an angle of approximately 29 ° to the melt surface and can be pivoted vertically in each case by an angle oC of preferably 10 °.
  • the projections of the burner axes are shown in dash-dot lines in FIG. 2.
  • the plasma torches 5 can also be pivoted laterally about the pivot point M by an angle p.
  • the radiation fields of the individual torches can be expanded to the volume elements 11 schematically indicated in FIG. 2.

Abstract

Bei diesem Plasmaschmelzofen sind durch die Seitenwand des zylindrischen Ofenkörpers eine Mehrzahl von abwärts gerichteten Plasmabrennern geführt, deren Mündungen bis in das Ofeninnere ragen. Um das bisher - insbesondere bei Schrott mit geringen Schüttdichten - übliche, mehrmalige Nachchargieren zu vermeiden und sogar kontinuierlich chargieren zu können, ohne daß elektrische Überschläge zwischen Teilen des Einsatzmaterials und den Brennermündungen oder sonstige Beschädigungen der Brenner stattfinden und trotzdem die Inertgasatmosphäre im Ofeninneren erhalten bleibt, weist die Abdeckung des Ofeninneren einen schulterförmig einspringenden, eine zentrale Chargieröffnung begrenzenden aufragenden Teil (7) auf, der durch einen Deckel (10) verschließbar ist, wobei der Durchmesser (D1) der zentralen Chargieröffnung geringer ist als der Durchmesser (D2) des Kreises, auf dem die Mündungen der Plasmabrenner (5) liegen.In this plasma melting furnace, a plurality of downward-directed plasma burners are guided through the side wall of the cylindrical furnace body, the mouths of which protrude into the interior of the furnace. In order to avoid the usual repeated charging, especially with scrap with low bulk densities, and even to be able to charge it continuously, without electrical flashovers between parts of the feedstock and the burner orifices or other damage to the burner and still maintaining the inert gas atmosphere inside the furnace, the cover of the furnace interior has a shoulder-shaped projecting part (7) which delimits a central charging opening and which can be closed by a cover (10), the diameter (D1) of the central charging opening being smaller than the diameter (D2) of the circle, on which the mouths of the plasma torch (5) lie.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Plasmaschmelzofen mit einem feuerfest ausgekleideten zylindrischen Ofenkörper, durch dessen Seitenwand eine Mehrzahl von abwärts gerichteten Plasmabrennern geführt sind, deren Mündungen über die Innenfläche des Ofenkörpers in das Ofeninnere ragen, und mit einer feuerfest ausgekleideten, das Ofeninnere abschließenden Abdeckung.The invention relates to a plasma melting furnace with a refractory-lined cylindrical furnace body, through the side wall of which a plurality of downward-directed plasma torches are guided, the mouths of which protrude beyond the inner surface of the furnace body into the furnace interior, and with a fireproof-lined cover that closes the furnace interior.

Plasmaschmelzöfen dieser Art werden vor allem zum Einschmelzen von Schrott verwendet. Die Plasmaschmelzöfen üblicher Bauart werden mit einzuschmelzendem Feststoffeinsatz nur so weit chargiert, daß der über den Mündungen der Plasmabrenner befindliche Ofeninnenraum frei von Einsatzmaterial bleibt, da andernfalls während des Einschmelzvorganges elektrische Überschläge zwischen Teilen des Einsatzes und der Brennermündung stattfinden können, welche zum Ausfall oder sogar zur Zerstörung der Plasmabrenner führen. Das verfügbare Ofenfüllvolumen kann daher im allgemeinen nur zu 30 %, maximal bis zu 50 %, ausgenützt werden, so daß gerade bei Beschickung des Plasmaschmelzofens mit Schrott geringer Schüttdichte ein- oder mehrmals nachchargiert werden muß, um die Ofenkapazität möglichst wirtschaftlich zu nützen. Das Nachchargieren im Anschluß an das Niederschmelzen der bereits in das Ofeninnere eingebrachten Teilmengen an Schrott bringt schwerwiegende Nachteile mit sich. So muß der Ofendeckel immer wieder abgehoben werden und die Plasmabrenner müssen aus dem Ofeninnenraum zurückgezogen werden. Überdies ist es besonders schwierig und mit erheblichen Inertgasverlusten verbunden, während des Chargiervorganges einen Falschluftzutritt zur Schmelze zu vermeiden.Plasma melting furnaces of this type are mainly used for melting scrap. The plasma melting furnaces of conventional design are charged with the solid insert to be melted only to such an extent that the furnace interior above the mouths of the plasma torch remains free of feed material, since otherwise electrical flashovers between parts of the insert and the burner orifice can take place during the melting process, which can lead to failure or even to Destruction of the plasma torch. The available furnace filling volume can therefore generally only be used up to 30%, up to a maximum of 50%, so that just when the plasma melting furnace is loaded with scrap with a low bulk density, one or more batches have to be recharged in order to use the furnace capacity as economically as possible. The re-charging following the melting down of the partial quantities of scrap which have already been introduced into the furnace has serious disadvantages. So the furnace lid has to be lifted again and again and the plasma torches have to be withdrawn from the furnace interior. Furthermore, it is particularly difficult and associated with considerable losses of inert gas during the charging process Avoiding false air access to the melt.

Die Erfindung stellt sich die Aufgabe, die aufgezeigten Schwierigkeiten zu überwinden und einen Plasmaschmelzofen zu schaffen, welcher auch bei Einsätzen mit geringen Schüttdichten unter Ausnützung der vollen Ofenkapazität nur einmal chargiert zu werden braucht, ohne die Plasmabrenner durch das Auftreten elektrischer Kurzschlüsse oder durch herabfallende Teile des Einsatzmaterials zu gefährden.The invention has for its object to overcome the difficulties outlined and to create a plasma melting furnace, which needs to be charged only once, even in applications with low bulk densities, utilizing the full furnace capacity, without the plasma torch due to the occurrence of electrical short circuits or falling parts of the Endanger feedstock.

Die gestellte Aufgabe wird bei einem Plasmaschmelzofen der eingangs beschriebenen Art erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß die Abdeckung einen schulterförmig einspringenden, eine zentrale Chargieröffnung begrenzenden aufragenden Teil aufweist, der durch einen Deckel verschließbar ist, wobei der Durchmesser der zentralen Chargieröffnung geringer ist als der Durchmesser des Kreises, auf dem die Mündungen der Plasmabrenner liegen. Der Deckel ist in bekannter Weise heb- und schwenkbar ausgebildet.The object is achieved in a plasma melting furnace of the type described at the outset in that the cover has a shoulder-shaped protruding part which delimits a central charging opening and can be closed by a lid, the diameter of the central charging opening being less than the diameter of the circle on which the mouths of the plasma torches lie. The cover is designed to be liftable and pivotable in a known manner.

Beim Chargieren bildet sich bei einem erfindungsgemäßen Plasmaschmelzofen ein Schüttkegel, dessen Durchmesser in Höhe einer durch die Mündungen der Plasmabrenner gelegten horizontalen Ebene geringer als der Durchmesser jenes Kreises, auf dessen Umfang die Mündungen der Plasmabrenner angeordnet sind, gehalten werden kann. Der aufragende Teil bildet einen Chargierschacht mit wählbarer Länge. Die Spitze des aus dem Chargiergut gebildeten Schüttkegels kann bis in diesen Chargierschacht reichen, ohne daß die im Ofeninneren befindlichen Plasmabrennermündungen gefährdet würden. Auf diese Weise ist die optimale Ausnützung des Ofenfüllvolumens mit einem einzigen Chargiervorgang gewährleistet. Zweckmäßig ist seitlich am aufragenden Teil eine Abzugsöffnung für Abgase angeordnet. Diese Abzugsöffnung befindet sich im Bereich des oberen Endes des aufragenden Teiles.When charging, a pouring cone is formed in a plasma melting furnace according to the invention, the diameter of which can be kept smaller than the diameter of that circle at the level of a horizontal plane through the mouths of the plasma torches, on the circumference of which the mouths of the plasma torches are arranged. The protruding part forms a charging shaft with a selectable length. The tip of the pouring cone formed from the charge material can reach into this charging shaft without endangering the plasma torch orifices inside the furnace. This ensures optimal utilization of the furnace filling volume with a single charging process. A discharge opening for exhaust gases is expediently arranged on the side of the projecting part. This discharge opening is located in the area of the upper end of the upstanding part.

Bisher war es üblich, im Ofendeckel eine Öffnung vorzusehen, an welche eine Abzugsleitung für Rauch und Abgase angeschlossen war. Ein solcher Aufbau brachte bei jedem Abheben des Deckels erhebliche zusätzliche Komplikationen mit sich, wohingegen die Abzugsleitung an der erfindungsgemäßen Abdeckung beim Chargieren ortsfest bleibt.Until now, it was common to provide an opening in the furnace cover to which an exhaust pipe for smoke and exhaust gases was connected. Such a construction brought with it considerable additional complications each time the cover was lifted off, whereas the discharge line on the cover according to the invention remains stationary when charging.

Die erfindungsgemäße Ausbildung des Plasmaschmelzofens ermöglicht sogar kontinuierliches Chargieren des Ofens, wobei die Inertgasatmosphäre im Ofeninneren trotzdem erhalten bleibt. Zu diesem Zweck wird die Abzugsöffnung in der Abdeckung verschlossen, so daß die heißen Ofenabgase dem durch die zentrale öffnung der Abdeckung chargierten Einsatzmaterial entgegenströmen. Dabei werden einerseits die mit dem Schrott eingebrachten Verunreinigungen größtenteils abgebrannt und andererseits das Einsatzmaterial vorgewärmt. Das gereinigte und vorgewärmte Einsatzmaterial stellt die bestmögliche Ausnützung der von den Plasmabrennern abgestrahlten Energie sicher.The design of the plasma melting furnace according to the invention even enables the furnace to be charged continuously, the inert gas atmosphere in the furnace interior nevertheless being maintained. For this purpose, the exhaust opening in the cover is closed, so that the hot furnace gases flow against the feed material charged through the central opening of the cover. On the one hand, the contaminants brought in by the scrap are largely burned off and, on the other hand, the feed material is preheated. The cleaned and preheated feed material ensures the best possible use of the energy emitted by the plasma torches.

Um während des Chargierens die durch die Seitenwand des zylindrischen Ofenkörpers geführten Plasmabrenner nicht durch herabfallendes Schüttgut zu beschädigen, können als zusätzliche Vorsichtsmaßnahme die Brenner in bekannter Weise aus dem Ofeninneren so weit herausgezogen werden, daß die Brennermündungen in den Bereich der Ofenauskleidung zu liegen kommen.In order not to damage the plasma torches guided through the side wall of the cylindrical furnace body by falling bulk material during charging, the burners can be pulled out of the furnace interior in a known manner as far as an additional precaution so that the burner orifices come to lie in the region of the furnace lining.

Bei kontinuierlicher Chargierung von Leichtschrott sind grundsätzlich zwei Betriebsweisen bei einem erfindungsgemäßen Plasmaschmelzofen vorgesehen, u.zw.In the case of continuous charging of light scrap, two modes of operation are basically provided in a plasma melting furnace according to the invention, etc.

  • - Aufschmelzen der gesamten Schrottsäule vor dem Frischen und Feinen des Stahles, wobei als Produkt elektrostahlähnliche Stahlqualitäten erhalten werden.- Melting of the entire scrap column before the steel is refined and refined, whereby steel steel-like qualities are obtained as a product.
  • - Aufschmelzen des Leichtschrottes zu einem Flüssigmetall von rohstahlähnlicher Zusammensetzung, welches diskontinuierlich abgestochen wird. Die Umwandlung des Rohstahles in ein Fertigprodukt wird nach konventionellen metallurgischen Verfahren durchgeführt.- Melting the light scrap into a liquid metal with a composition similar to crude steel, which is discontinuously tapped. The conversion of the raw steel into a finished product is carried out according to conventional metallurgical processes.

Insbesondere für das Einschmelzen von Leichtschrott sind die Plasmabrenner vorzugsweise horizontal und vertikal schwenkbar, wobei es sich als günstig erwiesen hat, wenn jeder Plasmabrenner sowohl horizontal als auch vertikal um einen Winkel von jeweils + 10°, bezogen auf die Normallage, verstellt werden kann. Zum Einschmelzen-von Leichtschrott wird im Vergleich zu Schwerschrott für das gleiche Schüttvolumen aufgrund der geringeren Schüttdichte weniger Energie benötigt. Deshalb ist es wirtschaftlicher, durch Schwenkbewegungen die von den Plasmabrennern abgestrahlte Energie über einen größeren Volumsbereich zu verteilen.In particular for melting light scrap, the plasma torches can preferably be swiveled horizontally and vertically, it having proven to be advantageous if each plasma torch can be adjusted both horizontally and vertically by an angle of + 10 ° in each case, based on the normal position. Compared to heavy scrap, less energy is required to melt lightweight scrap for the same bulk volume due to the lower bulk density. It is therefore more economical to distribute the energy emitted by the plasma torches over a larger volume range using swivel movements.

Die Erfindung wird anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Fig. 1 zeigt eine schematische Schnittdarstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Plasmaschmelzofens mit zylindrischem ofenkörper und vier nach abwärts gerichteten, schwenkbaren Plasmabrennern. In Fig. 2 ist eine Aufsicht auf' einen Plasmaschmelzofen gemäß Fig. 1 ohne Abdeckung und Ofendeckel gezeigt.The invention is explained in more detail with reference to the drawing. Fig. 1 shows a schematic sectional view of a plasma melting furnace according to the invention with a cylindrical furnace body and four downward, pivotable plasma torches. FIG. 2 shows a top view of a plasma melting furnace according to FIG. 1 without a cover and furnace cover.

Der feuerfest ausgekleidete zylindrische Ofenkörper des in Fig. 1 und 2 dargestellten Plasmaschmelzofens ist mit 1 bezeichnet, das Ofenunterteil, in welchem sich das geschmolzene Gut 2 sammelt, mit 3. Das Ofenunterteil 3 wird von einer axial angeordneten Bodenelektrode 4 durchsetzt. Nicht dargestellt sind eine Schlackentüre und eine Abgießrinne, welche in üblicher Weise einander diametral gegenüber im Bereich des Unterteiles 3 angeordnet sind.The refractory-lined cylindrical furnace body of the plasma melting furnace shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is designated 1, the furnace lower part, in which the molten material 2 collects, with 3. The lower furnace part 3 is penetrated by an axially arranged bottom electrode 4. Slags are not shown door and a pouring spout, which are arranged diametrically opposite each other in the region of the lower part 3 in the usual manner.

Vier durch die Seitenwand des Ofenkörpers 1 geführte und nach abwärts gerichtete Plasmabrenner 5 sind jeweils auf einer nicht eingezeichneten Stützkonstruktion beweglich gelagert. Die auf dem Ofenkörper 1 aufgesetzte Abdeckung ist allgemein mit 6 bezeichnet.Four plasma torches 5 which are guided through the side wall of the furnace body 1 and are directed downward are each movably mounted on a support structure (not shown). The cover placed on the furnace body 1 is generally designated 6.

Der schulterförmig einspringende aufragende Teil 7 der Abdeckung begrenzt eine zentrale Chargieröffnung, welche in der dargestellten Ausführungsform kreisrund ausgebildet ist, wobei deren Achse identisch mit der Längsachse 8 des Ofenkörpers 1 ist. Der Durchmesser D1 der zentralen Chargieröffnung ist geringer als der Durchmesser D2 des Kreises, auf dem die Mündungen der Plasmabrenner 5 liegen.The shoulder-like projecting part 7 of the cover delimits a central charging opening, which is circular in the embodiment shown, the axis of which is identical to the longitudinal axis 8 of the furnace body 1. The diameter D 1 of the central C hargieröffnung is less than the diameter D 2 of the circle on which the mouths of the plasma burners are located. 5

Die Abzugsöffnung 9 für Abgase ist auf dem einen Chargierschacht bildenden, aufragenden Teil 7 der Abdeckung 6 seitlich angeordnet. Die Chargieröffnung ist mit einem Deckel 10 verschlossen.The exhaust opening 9 for exhaust gases is arranged laterally on the upstanding part 7 of the cover 6 forming a charging shaft. The charging opening is closed with a lid 10.

Die Plasmabrenner 5 sind kardanisch aufgehängt, wobei die Aufhängevorrichtung nicht dargestellt ist. Sie sind in ihrer Normallage unter einem Winkel von etwa 29° gegen die Schmelzenoberfläche geneigt und vertikal jeweils um einen Winkel oCvon vorzugsweise 10° schwenkbar. In Fig. 2 sind die Projektionen der Brennerachsen strichpunktiert eingezeichnet. Die Plasmabrenner 5 sind um den Drehpunkt M auch seitlich jeweils um einen Winkel p schwenkbar.The plasma torches 5 are gimbally suspended, the suspension device not being shown. In their normal position, they are inclined at an angle of approximately 29 ° to the melt surface and can be pivoted vertically in each case by an angle oC of preferably 10 °. The projections of the burner axes are shown in dash-dot lines in FIG. 2. The plasma torches 5 can also be pivoted laterally about the pivot point M by an angle p.

Mit Hilfe der schwenkbar gelagerten Plasmabrenner können die Strahlungsfelder der einzelnen Brenner auf die in Fig. 2 schematisch angedeuteten Volumselemente 11 ausgeweitet werden.With the aid of the pivotably mounted plasma torch, the radiation fields of the individual torches can be expanded to the volume elements 11 schematically indicated in FIG. 2.

Claims (3)

1. Plasmaschmelzofen mit einem feuerfest ausgekleideten zylindrischen Ofenkörper (1), durch dessen Seitenwand eine Mehrzahl von'abwärts gerichteten Plasmabrennern (5) geführt sind, deren Mündungen über die Innenfläche des Ofenkörpers (1) in das Ofeninnere ragen, und mit einer feuerfest ausgekleideten, das Ofeninnere abschließenden Abdeckung, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Abdeckung einen schulterförmig einspringenden, eine zentrale Chargieröffnung begrenzenden aufragenden Teil (7) aufweist, der durch einen Deckel (10) verschließbar ist, wobei der Durchmesser (D1) der zentralen Chargieröffnung geringer ist als der Durchmesser (D2) des Kreises, auf dem die Mündungen der Plasmabrenner (5) liegen.1. Plasma melting furnace with a refractory-lined cylindrical furnace body (1), through the side wall of which a plurality of downward-directed plasma burners (5) are guided, the mouths of which protrude beyond the inner surface of the furnace body (1) into the furnace interior, and with a refractory-lined, cover covering the interior of the furnace, characterized in that the cover has a shoulder-shaped, projecting part (7) which delimits a central charging opening and which can be closed by a cover (10), the diameter (D 1 ) of the central charging opening being less than that Diameter (D 2 ) of the circle on which the mouths of the plasma torches (5) lie. 2. Plasmaschmelzofen nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß seitlich am aufragenden Teil (7) eine Ab-zugsöffnung (9) für Abgase angeordnet ist.2. Plasma melting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that an A b-pull opening (9) for exhaust gases is arranged laterally on the upstanding part (7). 3. Plasmaschmelzofen nach den Ansprüchen 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Plasmabrenner (5) horizontal und vertikal schwenkbar sind.3. Plasma melting furnace according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the plasma torch (5) can be pivoted horizontally and vertically.
EP83890167A 1982-10-05 1983-09-22 Plasma melting furnace Expired EP0105866B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT0367382A AT382890B (en) 1982-10-05 1982-10-05 PLASMA MELTING OVEN
AT3673/82 1982-10-05

Publications (2)

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EP0105866A1 true EP0105866A1 (en) 1984-04-18
EP0105866B1 EP0105866B1 (en) 1986-08-27

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US (1) US4546483A (en)
EP (1) EP0105866B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS59157478A (en)
AT (1) AT382890B (en)
CA (1) CA1211777A (en)
DE (1) DE3365683D1 (en)
ES (1) ES526233A0 (en)
FI (1) FI833587A (en)
ZA (1) ZA837192B (en)

Cited By (3)

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FR2610087A1 (en) * 1987-01-22 1988-07-29 Aerospatiale METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF SOLID WASTE BY PYROLYSIS
US4980092A (en) * 1988-04-22 1990-12-25 Aerospatiale Societe Nationale Industrielle Method for the destruction of chemically stable waste
CN100464511C (en) * 2004-01-05 2009-02-25 联想(北京)有限公司 Ether net communication system and method

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SE451756B (en) * 1984-10-19 1987-10-26 Skf Steel Eng Ab PLASMA MAGAZINE INSTALLATION IN CHESS OVEN
CA2048654A1 (en) * 1990-01-04 1991-07-05 Kazushige Inokuchi Transferred plasma-arc torch
US5548611A (en) * 1993-05-19 1996-08-20 Schuller International, Inc. Method for the melting, combustion or incineration of materials and apparatus therefor
CA2188357C (en) * 1996-10-21 1999-09-07 Peter G. Tsantrizos plasma gasification and vitrification of ashes
FR2762535B1 (en) * 1997-04-23 1999-05-28 Lorraine Laminage CONTINUOUS CASTING DISTRIBUTOR OF METALS, OF THE TYPE COMPRISING AT LEAST ONE PLASMA TORCH FOR METAL HEATING
DE102006029724B4 (en) * 2006-06-28 2008-12-04 Siemens Ag Method and furnace for melting steel scrap

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US1642359A (en) * 1925-08-27 1927-09-13 Croesf Dirk Electric furnace
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FR2610087A1 (en) * 1987-01-22 1988-07-29 Aerospatiale METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF SOLID WASTE BY PYROLYSIS
EP0277862A1 (en) * 1987-01-22 1988-08-10 AEROSPATIALE Société Nationale Industrielle Process and apparatus for the destruction of solid waste by pyrolysis
US4980092A (en) * 1988-04-22 1990-12-25 Aerospatiale Societe Nationale Industrielle Method for the destruction of chemically stable waste
CN100464511C (en) * 2004-01-05 2009-02-25 联想(北京)有限公司 Ether net communication system and method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI833587A0 (en) 1983-10-03
ES8407519A1 (en) 1984-09-16
ATA367382A (en) 1986-09-15
EP0105866B1 (en) 1986-08-27
ZA837192B (en) 1984-11-28
FI833587A (en) 1984-04-06
DE3365683D1 (en) 1986-10-02
JPS59157478A (en) 1984-09-06
ES526233A0 (en) 1984-09-16
US4546483A (en) 1985-10-08
CA1211777A (en) 1986-09-23
AT382890B (en) 1987-04-27
JPS6255069B2 (en) 1987-11-18

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