EP0104451A2 - Method for improving the legibility of characters displayed at arbitrary positions on a raster scanned screen - Google Patents

Method for improving the legibility of characters displayed at arbitrary positions on a raster scanned screen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0104451A2
EP0104451A2 EP19830108401 EP83108401A EP0104451A2 EP 0104451 A2 EP0104451 A2 EP 0104451A2 EP 19830108401 EP19830108401 EP 19830108401 EP 83108401 A EP83108401 A EP 83108401A EP 0104451 A2 EP0104451 A2 EP 0104451A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
screen
characters
moving
displayed
group
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP19830108401
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Manfred Tischer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alcatel Lucent Deutschland AG
International Standard Electric Corp
Original Assignee
Alcatel SEL AG
Standard Elektrik Lorenz AG
International Standard Electric Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alcatel SEL AG, Standard Elektrik Lorenz AG, International Standard Electric Corp filed Critical Alcatel SEL AG
Publication of EP0104451A2 publication Critical patent/EP0104451A2/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G5/00—Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators
    • G09G5/22—Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators characterised by the display of characters or indicia using display control signals derived from coded signals representing the characters or indicia, e.g. with a character-code memory
    • G09G5/24—Generation of individual character patterns
    • G09G5/28—Generation of individual character patterns for enhancement of character form, e.g. smoothing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G1/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with cathode-ray tube indicators; General aspects or details, e.g. selection emphasis on particular characters, dashed line or dotted line generation; Preprocessing of data
    • G09G1/04—Deflection circuits ; Constructional details not otherwise provided for

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for improving the legibility of characters displayed in any position on a rasterized screen, ie the reproduction of characters on rasterized screens, the raster elements of which are not permanently assigned to the partial areas of the characters to be displayed.
  • Such screens are, for example, the luminous surfaces of color picture tubes, in which the raster elements are formed by the groups of three of the luminescent dots, which are arranged at a distance of about 0.8 mm from one another and are used to excite electron beams.
  • This also includes liquid crystal matrix displays, the grid elements of which have center distances of, for example, 0.2 mm. When displaying a text on such screens, the size of the characters must be a multiple of the center distance of the grid elements.
  • the invention is based on the idea of using the sluggishness of the eye not only for suppressing the flickering in image changes, but also for balancing and completing the contour of the character which is recognizable to the eye and thus for improving legibility. If a character is reproduced faster than 25 times per second by changing the configurations of grid elements, the observer gets an impression of the result of overlaying all 25 configurations of the grid elements. Stepped edges are "straightened", and interruptions in lines are "filled in”. Interruptions arise due to the gaps between the grid elements, and gradations arise as a result of the display area being subdivided by grid elements and therefore not sufficiently continuous.
  • the VARIETY of the configurations for each character is generated according to the invention by moving the character on the screen of the screen sufficiently quickly, that is to say at about 0.5 to 2 cm / sec.
  • the legibility of characters displayed on rasterized DispLays is therefore improved by moving the characters on the DispLays.
  • the observer's eye follows the moving characters, which vary slightly in their contours as a result of the rasterization, and averages the contours of the characters. This creates the impression of a continuous course of the contour.
  • the movement of the sign remains invisible to the observer if the screen and the displayed symbol on the screen are moved equally quickly and in opposite directions.
  • the movement of the sign on the screen is done in a simple manner by an additional displacement signal superimposed on the deflection voltage of the electron beam, while the movement of the screen requires a mechanism.
  • a text intended for reading by the observer and identified, for example, by a cursor is displayed on another part of the screen and is displayed at a speed of 0.5 to 2 cm / sec. emotional.
  • the characters are not assigned to any particular combination of grid elements.
  • the line is therefore in at least one Direction moves so quickly that approx. 25 different combinations of grid elements for displaying the character respond within 1 second.
  • the character display device can be designed in such a way that first a larger number of characters, ie the complete text, is displayed on the screen and then a certain subset of the characters are selected and these are then displayed calmly or in motion on the screen.
  • the complete text can be displayed at the same time, for example a cursor or increased brightness in the complete text marks the text section displayed in motion.
  • the repeated movement of a group of characters can only be seen from left to right, as the additional displacement voltage contains a very fast feedback, i.e. has a sawtooth profile with a very steep flank, or it can be moved more oscillating if the displacement voltage has a sinusoidal profile, for example.
  • the direction of the movement takes into account the pattern of the grid elements on the screen. Has the screen z. B. a stripe pattern, the movement across the stripes increases legibility.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Controls And Circuits For Display Device (AREA)

Abstract

The contour of the characters reproduced on the raster-scanned screen is location-dependent in accordance with the pattern of the grid. By moving the characters the position-dependent deviation of the contour is compensated in that, as it follows the moving characters, the eye of the viewer averages out their changing contours.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Lesbarkeit von in beliebiger Lage auf einem gerasterten BiLdschirm dargestellten Zeichen, d.h. die Wiedergabe von Zeichen auf gerasterten BiLdschirmen, deren RastereLemente den TeiLbereichen der darzustellenden Zeichen nicht fest zugeordnet sind. SoLche BiLdschirme sind z.B. die LeuchtfLächen von FarbbiLdröhren, bei denen die Rasterelemente von den Dreiergruppen der Leuchtstoffpunkte gebildet werden, welche mit ca. 0,8 mm Mittenabstand voneinander angeordnet sind und zu deren Anregung ELektronenstrahlen dienen. Auch Flüssigkristall-Matrix-Displays, deren RastereLemente Mittenabstände von beispielsweise 0,2 mm aufweisen, gehören dazu. Bei der Wiedergabe eines Textes auf solchen BiLdschirmen muß die Zeichengröße ein Mehrfaches des Mittenabstandes der Rasterelemente betragen. Aber auch wenn die Höhe und Breite eines Zeichens das Zehnfache des Mittenabstandes beträgt, ist die Darstellung feiner EinzeLheiten der Zeichen noch nicht befriedigend. Der mit der Verkleinerung der Mittenabstände von RastereLementen verbundene Aufwand bei der HersteLLung der BiLdschirme ist derart erheblich, daß nach einfacheren Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Lesbarkeit dargestellter Zeichen gesucht wird.The invention relates to a method for improving the legibility of characters displayed in any position on a rasterized screen, ie the reproduction of characters on rasterized screens, the raster elements of which are not permanently assigned to the partial areas of the characters to be displayed. Such screens are, for example, the luminous surfaces of color picture tubes, in which the raster elements are formed by the groups of three of the luminescent dots, which are arranged at a distance of about 0.8 mm from one another and are used to excite electron beams. This also includes liquid crystal matrix displays, the grid elements of which have center distances of, for example, 0.2 mm. When displaying a text on such screens, the size of the characters must be a multiple of the center distance of the grid elements. But even if the height and width of a character is ten times the center distance, the representation of fine details of the characters is not yet satisfactory. The one with the narrowing of the center distances The effort associated with grid elements in the manufacture of the screens is so considerable that a search is made for simpler methods for improving the legibility of the characters shown.

Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein Verfahren anzugeben, bei welchem für die üblichen Schirme eine starke Verbesserung der Lesbarkeit von Text mit geringem Aufwand erreicht wird, was insbesondere für die Wiedergabe von Textinformationen wichtig ist und, z.B. für Bildschirmtext, zunehmende Bedeutung erhäLt.It is an object of the invention to provide a method in which a great improvement in the legibility of text is achieved with little effort for the usual screens, which is particularly important for the reproduction of text information and, e.g. for screen text, increasing importance.

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe erfolgt wie im Kennzeichen des Anspruchs 1 angegeben. Die Unteransprüche enthalten vorteilhafte AusgestaLtungen der Erfindung.This object is achieved as indicated in the characterizing part of claim 1. The subclaims contain advantageous embodiments of the invention.

Der Erfindung Liegt der Gedanke zugrunde, die Trägheit des Auges nicht nur bei der Unterdrückung des FLimmerns bei BiLdwechseLn zu nutzen, sondern auch zum AusgLeich und zur VervoLLständigung der für das Auge erkennbaren Zeichenkontur und damit zur Verbesserung der Lesbarkeit. Wird nämLich ein Zeichen schneller als 25 maL pro Sekunde durch jeweils veränderte Konfigurationen von RastereLementen wiedergegeben, so biLdet sich beim Beobachter ein Eindruck, welcher aus der überlagerung aller 25 Konfigurationen der RastereLemente entsteht. Dabei werden stufige Ränder "begradigt", und Unterbrechungen von Linienzügen "ausgefüllt". Unterbrechungen entstehen durch die Zwischenräume zwischen den RastereLementen, und Stufungen ergeben sich infolge der durch RastereLemente unterteilten und.deshalb nicht ausreichend kontinuierlichen Wiedergabefläche. Die VieLzahL der Konfigurationen für jedes Zeichen wird gemäß der Erfindung dadurch erzeugt, daß das Zeichen auf dem Raster des BiLdschirmes ausreichend schnell, d.h. mit ca. 0,5 bis 2 cm/Sek., verschoben wird.The invention is based on the idea of using the sluggishness of the eye not only for suppressing the flickering in image changes, but also for balancing and completing the contour of the character which is recognizable to the eye and thus for improving legibility. If a character is reproduced faster than 25 times per second by changing the configurations of grid elements, the observer gets an impression of the result of overlaying all 25 configurations of the grid elements. Stepped edges are "straightened", and interruptions in lines are "filled in". Interruptions arise due to the gaps between the grid elements, and gradations arise as a result of the display area being subdivided by grid elements and therefore not sufficiently continuous. The VARIETY of the configurations for each character is generated according to the invention by moving the character on the screen of the screen sufficiently quickly, that is to say at about 0.5 to 2 cm / sec.

Die Lesbarkeit von auf gerasterten DispLays dargestellten Zeichen wird also verbessert, indem die Zeichen auf den DispLays bewegt werden. Das Auge des Beobachters folgt den bewegten, in ihrer Kontur infolge der Rasterung geringfügig schwankenden Zeichen und mittelt dabei die Konturen der Zeichen aus. Dadurch entsteht der Eindruck eines kontinuierlichen VerLaufs der Kontur.The legibility of characters displayed on rasterized DispLays is therefore improved by moving the characters on the DispLays. The observer's eye follows the moving characters, which vary slightly in their contours as a result of the rasterization, and averages the contours of the characters. This creates the impression of a continuous course of the contour.

Für den Beobachter bleibt die Bewegung des Zeichens unsichtbar, wenn der BiLdschirm und das dargestellte Zeichen auf dem BiLdschirm gleich schnell und entgegengesetzt bewegt werden. Die Bewegung des Zeichens auf dem BiLdschirm geschieht auf einfache Weise durch ein zusätzliches, der AbLenkspannung des ELektronenstrahLs überLagertes Verschiebesignal, während die Bewegung des BiLdschirmes eine Mechanik erfordert. Vorzugsweise ist deshalb bei der Ausbildung der Erfindung daran gedacht, die Bewegung der Zeichen entsprechend dem Prinzip der Laufschrift dazu auszunützen, die Lesbarkeit zusätzlich zu verbessern. Ein vom Beobachter zum Lesen bestimmter und beispielsweise durch einen Kursor gekennzeichneter Text wird an einer anderen SteLLe des BiLdschirms dargestellt und mit einer Geschwindigkeit von 0,5 bis 2 cm/Sek. bewegt. Im Gegensatz zu bekannten Laufschriften sind jedoch die Zeichen keiner bestimmten Kombination von RastereLementen zugeordnet. Gemäß der Erfindung wird also die Zeile in mindestens einer Richtung so schnell bewegt, daß während 1 Sekunde ca. 25 verschiedene Kombinationen von RastereLementen zur Darstellung des Zeichens ansprechen.The movement of the sign remains invisible to the observer if the screen and the displayed symbol on the screen are moved equally quickly and in opposite directions. The movement of the sign on the screen is done in a simple manner by an additional displacement signal superimposed on the deflection voltage of the electron beam, while the movement of the screen requires a mechanism. It is therefore preferable in the development of the invention to use the movement of the characters in accordance with the principle of the moving text to additionally improve the legibility. A text intended for reading by the observer and identified, for example, by a cursor, is displayed on another part of the screen and is displayed at a speed of 0.5 to 2 cm / sec. emotional. In contrast to known tickers, however, the characters are not assigned to any particular combination of grid elements. According to the invention, the line is therefore in at least one Direction moves so quickly that approx. 25 different combinations of grid elements for displaying the character respond within 1 second.

Die Zeichenwiedergabeeinrichtung kann so ausgebildet sein, daß zunächst eine größere AnzahL von Zeichen, d.h. der vollständige Text auf dem BiLdschirm dargestellt wird und dann eine bestimmte TeiLmenge der Zeichen ausgewählt und diese danach ruhig oder bewegt auf dem BiLdschirm dargestellt werden. Es kann zusätzlich zu den ausgewählten, bewegten Zeichen auf einen TeiL des BiLdschirmes gleichzeitig der vollständige Text wiedergegeben werden, wobei z.B. ein Kursor oder erhöhte HeLLigkeit in dem vollständigen Text die bewegt angezeigte TextsteLLe markiert. Soll z.B. eine komplizierte mathematische oder chemische FormeL abgelesen werden, so kann anstelle eines einmaligen DurchLau- fens des BiLdschirmes oder eines TeiLs des BiLdschirmes ein wiederholtes DurchLaufen bewirkt werden, indem eine zusätzliche Verschiebespannung geeigneten VerLaufs die Verschiebung zykLisch wiederholt. Die wiederholte Bewegung einer Zeichengruppe kann sichtbar nur von Links nach rechts erfolgen, indem die zusätzliche Verschiebespannung eine sehr schnelle Rückführung enthält, also sägezahnförmigen VerLauf mit einer sehr steilen FLanke hat, oder mehr pendelnd bewegt sein, wenn die Verschiebespannung z.B. einen sinusförmigen VerLauf hat.The character display device can be designed in such a way that first a larger number of characters, ie the complete text, is displayed on the screen and then a certain subset of the characters are selected and these are then displayed calmly or in motion on the screen. In addition to the selected moving characters on a part of the screen, the complete text can be displayed at the same time, for example a cursor or increased brightness in the complete text marks the text section displayed in motion. By adding an additional offset voltage suitable course repeats cyclically shift fens of the screen or a part of the screen repeatedly traversing are effected - If, for example, a complicated mathematical or chemical formula will be read, so, instead of a single DurchLa u. The repeated movement of a group of characters can only be seen from left to right, as the additional displacement voltage contains a very fast feedback, i.e. has a sawtooth profile with a very steep flank, or it can be moved more oscillating if the displacement voltage has a sinusoidal profile, for example.

Damit 'die Aufmerksamkeit auf eine bestimmte TextsteLLe geLenkt und gleichzeitig deren Lesbarkeit erhöht wird, erfolgt nach einer weiteren AusbiLdung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens eine bewegte Anzeige dieser Textstellen zugleich auch vergrößert.So that attention is drawn to a certain text passage and at the same time its readability is increased, after a further development of the method according to the invention, these text passages are simultaneously displayed in an enlarged manner.

Die Richtung der Bewegung erfolgt unter Berücksichtigung des Musters der RastereLemente auf dem BiLdschirm. Hat der BiLdschirm z. B. ein Streifenmuster, so erhöht die Bewegung quer zu den Streifen die Lesbarkeit.The direction of the movement takes into account the pattern of the grid elements on the screen. Has the screen z. B. a stripe pattern, the movement across the stripes increases legibility.

Claims (7)

1. Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Lesbarkeit von in beLiebiger Lage auf einem gerasterten BiLdschirm dargestellten Zeichen, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß der BiLdschirm und wenigstens eines der auf dem Bildschirm dargestellten Zeichen relativ zueinander in mindestens einer Richtung bewegt werden.1. A method for improving the readability of characters displayed in any position on a rastered screen, characterized in that the screen and at least one of the characters shown on the screen are moved relative to one another in at least one direction. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine die FLäche des BiLdschirmes umgebende und begrenzende BLende feststehend vor einem bewegten BiLdschirm angeordnet ist und wenigstens eines der auf dem Bilschirm dargesteLLten Zeichen entgegengesetzt zu und mit der BiLdschirmgeschwindigkeit bewegt wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a screen surrounding and delimiting the surface of the screen is fixedly arranged in front of a moving screen and at least one of the characters shown on the screen is moved opposite to and at the screen speed. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die dargestellten Zeichen in gleicher oder unterschiedlicher Richtung auf einem feststehenden BiLdschirm bewegt werden.3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the characters shown are moved in the same or different direction on a fixed screen. 4. Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Bewegung der Zeichen durch zusätzliche VerschiebesignaLe erfolgt.4. The method according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the movement of the characters is carried out by additional displacement signals. 5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die VerschiebesignaLe einen sägezahn-, trapez- oder sinusförmigen Zeitverlauf haben.5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the displacement signals have a sawtooth, trapezoidal or sinusoidal course of time. 6. Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine FoLge von Zeichen, die ohne feste Zuordnung zu RastereLementen des BiLdschirmes sind, in einer oder mehreren Richtungen mit einstellbaren Geschwindigkeiten über den BiLdschirm bewegt und während ihrer DarsteLLung kontinuierlich oder diskontinuierlich komprimiert oder expandiert werden.6. The method according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a sequence of characters, which are without a fixed assignment to raster elements of the screen, moves in one or more directions at adjustable speeds over the screen and continuously or during their presentation be compressed or expanded discontinuously. 7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß auf dem BiLdschirm zwei Zeichengruppen dargestellt werden, nämlich eine, aus einer größeren AnzahL von Zeichen bestehende, feststehende Zeichengruppe und eine, aus wenigstens einem in der feststehenden Zeichengruppe vorhandenem Zeichen bestehende bewegte Zeichengruppe, und die bewegte Zeichengruppe in der feststehenden Zeichengruppe mit HiLfe von Kursoren oder durch vergrößerte HeLLigkeit oder durch unterschiedliche Farbe hervorgehoben wird.7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that two groups of characters are displayed on the screen, namely a fixed group of characters consisting of a larger number of characters and a moving character group consisting of at least one character present in the fixed group of characters, and the Moving group of characters in the fixed group of characters is highlighted with the help of cursors or by increased brightness or by different colors.
EP19830108401 1982-08-28 1983-08-26 Method for improving the legibility of characters displayed at arbitrary positions on a raster scanned screen Withdrawn EP0104451A2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19823232116 DE3232116A1 (en) 1982-08-28 1982-08-28 METHOD FOR IMPROVING THE READABILITY OF CHARACTERS SHOWN IN ANY LOCATION ON A SCREENED SCREEN
DE3232116 1982-08-28

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0104451A2 true EP0104451A2 (en) 1984-04-04

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EP19830108401 Withdrawn EP0104451A2 (en) 1982-08-28 1983-08-26 Method for improving the legibility of characters displayed at arbitrary positions on a raster scanned screen

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DE (1) DE3232116A1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0285271A2 (en) * 1987-03-25 1988-10-05 Quantel Limited Character and other graphical generating system and method for video display
FR2929742A1 (en) * 2008-04-03 2009-10-09 Electronique Conception Vente Luminous display method for displaying poster on e.g. advertisement display panel, involves generating band by succession of LEDs, where interval between LEDs in sets of bands is equal to or lower than distance traveled by one of LEDs

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0285271A2 (en) * 1987-03-25 1988-10-05 Quantel Limited Character and other graphical generating system and method for video display
EP0285271A3 (en) * 1987-03-25 1990-07-18 Quantel Limited Character and other graphical generating systems for video display
FR2929742A1 (en) * 2008-04-03 2009-10-09 Electronique Conception Vente Luminous display method for displaying poster on e.g. advertisement display panel, involves generating band by succession of LEDs, where interval between LEDs in sets of bands is equal to or lower than distance traveled by one of LEDs

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3232116A1 (en) 1984-03-01

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