EP0104138B1 - Device for arming and sterilising an electric fuze for ammunition - Google Patents

Device for arming and sterilising an electric fuze for ammunition Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0104138B1
EP0104138B1 EP83810356A EP83810356A EP0104138B1 EP 0104138 B1 EP0104138 B1 EP 0104138B1 EP 83810356 A EP83810356 A EP 83810356A EP 83810356 A EP83810356 A EP 83810356A EP 0104138 B1 EP0104138 B1 EP 0104138B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ammunition
detonator capsule
pin
rotor
acceleration
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83810356A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0104138A2 (en
EP0104138A3 (en
Inventor
Robert Rehmann
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Uhde Inventa Fischer AG
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EMS Inventa AG
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Publication date
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Priority to AT83810356T priority Critical patent/ATE23222T1/en
Publication of EP0104138A2 publication Critical patent/EP0104138A2/en
Publication of EP0104138A3 publication Critical patent/EP0104138A3/en
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Publication of EP0104138B1 publication Critical patent/EP0104138B1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C15/00—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
    • F42C15/24—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein the safety or arming action is effected by inertia means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C15/00—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
    • F42C15/18—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein a carrier for an element of the pyrotechnic or explosive train is moved
    • F42C15/188—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein a carrier for an element of the pyrotechnic or explosive train is moved using a rotatable carrier
    • F42C15/192—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein a carrier for an element of the pyrotechnic or explosive train is moved using a rotatable carrier rotatable in a plane which is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the projectile

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for securing and sharpening an electrically ignitable ammunition body with a squib installed in a squib, the squib carrier movably arranged in a housing being directed by the inertial effect of at least one body having a mass and delayed in time by a mechanical inhibitor the position of the focusing is guided, the body is arranged in a bore of the housing at least approximately in the line of the direction of the main acceleration of the ammunition body and the body engages in a recess on the squib carrier.
  • FR-A 1 311 002 contains an impact protection for non-rotating projectiles. It has a percussion piston in the rotatable projectile tip, a firing pin being blocked with a spring-loaded slide that is movable perpendicular to it. A spring-loaded pin, which is arranged parallel to the direction of the acceleration, moves after the shot due to its inertia and thus unlocks the slide, which now enables the free movement of the percussion piston and thus the explosion.
  • FR-A 1 046924 also contains a rotor which is held in its safety position by means of two pins, the first pin locking the rotor directly and the second pin locking the firing pin located in the rotor. The releasing occurs due to the inertia of the first pin due to the acceleration of the projectile.
  • the body is a bolt
  • this bolt can also be moved partially transversely to the direction of the main acceleration, and that both the bore and the bolt are essentially conical in that the bolt at least on one end face thereof
  • Direction of the main acceleration is loaded by a spring and engages with a projection flange provided on the second end face in the recess, the recess being a groove running along part of the circumference of the squib support.
  • the device according to claim 2 is characterized by its simplicity and economy.
  • the embodiment according to claim 3 prevents the bolt from blocking even in the case of transverse accelerations which act on the ammunition body.
  • the solution shown in claim 4 is used for additional centering and guidance of the bolt, which is particularly advantageous in the case of an unstable flight of the ammunition body.
  • the device according to claim 5 ensures a defined support of the bolt and is therefore of great mechanical stability.
  • the embodiment according to claim 7 is used in particular to supplement previous slider-like squib carriers with a retardation lock.
  • a relatively long groove according to claim 8 allows a correspondingly long monitoring of the rotation of the rotor.
  • the solution according to claim 9 prevents a jerky breakaway at the beginning of the rotary movement of the rotor and brings about a high degree of operational safety even in the case of the necessary, premature locking.
  • a groove designed according to claim 10 prevents further rotation of the rotor, even with high mechanical shock loads. Has become particularly simple and reliable for moving the squib carrier into the Focusing a spring drive has been proven (see claim 11).
  • the inhibitor described in claim 12 allows a simple, system-dependent setting of the desired front pipe security.
  • the double mass lock described in claim 13 serves primarily to secure transport and ensures a safe unlocking of ammunition fired in the direction of its main acceleration; it can also be coordinated with regard to the minimum acceleration values required for secure unlocking.
  • a variant executed according to claim 14 is particularly easy to manufacture in terms of manufacturing technology.
  • the embodiment according to claim 15 is advantageous in the cases in which the retardation lock has to work with a slide over a wide acceleration range.
  • An embodiment according to claim 17 improved the functional reliability even with large changes in the lateral acceleration.
  • Fig. 1 shows a double mechanically secured device in an electrically ignitable ammunition body M, which often occurs in its kind in projectiles, missiles, etc., ie in ammunition to be fired at high accelerations.
  • 1, 1 denotes a conical bore 1 in a housing 7.
  • a threaded ring 1a closes the bore 1 and at the same time centers a spring 8 which acts on a likewise conical bolt 2 with an end flange 3.
  • the bore 1 has a cylindrical part 4 in addition to its conical part.
  • a squib 6 which is designed as a rotor with a pivot point D.
  • the squib support 6 has a groove 5 on part of its circumference, which has an outgoing part 5a on one end side and an end face 5b on its other end side.
  • a squib 9 known per se, from which an insulated pin 10 protrudes.
  • the outer sleeve of the squib 9 is connected to the ground via the bore 11 of the metallic squib support 6;
  • the pole pin 10 protrudes into the tapered bore 12 of the squib support 6 in an electrically insulated manner.
  • an electrical energy generator 13 On one end face of the ammunition body M, in the direction of the main acceleration b N , there is an electrical energy generator 13 known per se, consisting of an ignition generator with a safety and storage circuit and a target sensor.
  • the energy generator 13 has a telescopic contact 14, which rests with its contact surface 15 on the squib support 6.
  • the right-angled coordinate system shown in FIG. 1 a shows the direction of the main acceleration b N of the ammunition body M in the positive part of the abscissa.
  • the ammunition body M is in this acceleration range when it is fired. After leaving the tube or its runway, the ammunition body M experiences a flow resistance, so that after a certain flight duration the previous continuously increasing positive acceleration values are relatively seen as negative values, ie for retardation.
  • This area is designated by -b N.
  • an ammunition body experiences different angular positions on its ballistic trajectory, which result in components of its transverse accelerations b a (positive and negative).
  • the squib 6 initially locked by a double mass lock, is unlocked in a first step and learns from its starting position, FIG. 1, about the pivot point D a clockwise rotation.
  • the acceleration forces, which unlock the double mass lock also act on the conical bolt 2, whereby this is pressed due to its inert mass in the direction of the threaded ring 1 a and is thus pulled out with its projection flange 3 from the groove in the manner shown in Fig.2.
  • This enables the squib support 6 to rotate through 270 ° in the predetermined time, as a result of which the armored state shown in FIG. 2 occurs.
  • the telescopic contact 14 of the energy generator 13 is spring-loaded into the bore 12 of the squib support 6 and contacts the pole pin 10, as a result of which the circuit is closed when the target sensor (impact contact etc.) is closed and the igniter set provided with an electrically conductive glow bridge is ignited.
  • the shock wave generated in the squib 9 causes a detonation transmission at the initiation point 17 of the booster charge 16.
  • FIG. 4 shows a balance 18, which is surrounded by four balls 19, in a vertical sectional view.
  • the balls 19 are guided concentrically to the cylindrical balance 18 by a ball ring 20 and a clamping ring 21.
  • a mounting pin 22 serves as a hold-down device for this arrangement which represents an inhibitor.
  • the squib holder 6 can again be seen with its squib 9, which is fixed in the bore 11 by means of a winning pin 23.
  • a so-called closing piston 24 of a double mass lock can also be seen, which is guided into a large bore 27 which opens into the housing 7.
  • a conical rotation 25 facilitates the partial sliding of the closing piston 24 from the squib support 6 into the housing 7.
  • Another small bore 28 serves to exchange air in the bore 27 of the squib support 6 and limits its sliding path on one side.
  • the closing piston 24 has indentations into which the balls 42 of the double mass lock shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 engage.
  • the central end of a reinforcement spring 29 engages in a peg-like part 32 (see FIG. 6) of the squib support 6 which has a slot 33 and which can cause the previously described rotation of the squib support 6.
  • FIG. 5 - a view of the object of FIG. 4 from above - the design of the escapement with the balance 18 can be seen again.
  • a stop pin 30 can be seen here, which acts on its cam-like stop 31 to limit the rotational path of the squib support 6.
  • the squib support 6 (rotor) shown in FIG. 6 is guided and centered in the housing 7, FIG. 4 through its cylindrical portions 36 and has the cam-like stop 31 on one end face and a pin 32 on its lower end face.
  • the pin 32 is provided with a slot 33 into which the central end 29a of the reinforcement spring 29 shown in FIG. 8 engages.
  • the one-sided, slot-like recessed bore 11 for receiving the squib 9 and a thread 34 leading into this bore 11 and arranged perpendicular thereto, into which the threaded pin 23 serving to fix the squib can be screwed.
  • the reinforcement spring 29 shown in FIG. 8 and already mentioned is a clockwork spring, wel che in the housing 7, cf. Fig. 4, is hooked with its outer end 29b in the wound state.
  • FIG. 9 shows the locking pins 38, 39 consisting of the masses 1 and 2, together with the central closing piston 24 in the locked state.
  • the conical projection 25 and the tips 38 ', 39' of the locking pins 38 and 39 engage in the bores 27 and 27 "in the housing 7.
  • the locking pins 38 and 39 provided with identical masses are pressed into the position shown at their ends 38 ′′, 39 ′′ by likewise identical springs 40 and 41 with the same spring constants.
  • this double mass lock is as follows: In the idle state, ie during the storage and transportation of the ammunition, the locked state shown in FIG. 9 is present.
  • the rotor - squib support 6 - cannot be turned to the arming position. If the ammunition body is fired with high acceleration, it acts immediately on the two masses of the locking pins 38 and 39 and unlocks them in the manner shown in FIG. 10.
  • the unlocking is unique due to the two balls 42 present in the ball barrel bore 37; the balls block the movement on the end faces of the closing piston 24 and the locking pins 38 and 39 (parts 25, 38 ' and 39') and thus prevent springing back into the position of the locking.
  • the resulting rotary movement is braked by the escapement with its balance 18, FIGS. 4 and 5, in that the balls 19 are pressed alternately into opposite recesses in the spherical ring 20 by the balance 18, which carries out an oscillating movement.
  • a predetermined delayed rotary movement of the squib support 6 can thus be realized, in accordance with the required precoil security.
  • the delay times required in practice range from a few milliseconds to several seconds, depending on the type of ammunition and the design of the escapement.
  • the retardation lock according to FIGS. 1 to 3 now controls the rotary movement physically independently of the rotary movement of the squib carrier 6 once initiated in relation to an acceleration behavior of the ammunition body which is contrary to the system.
  • the conical configuration of the bore 1, cf. Fig. 1, and the rotationally symmetrical conical bolt 2 prevent unwanted sticking of the bolt due to the selected cone angle in the range of 10 ° to 30 °, preferably 15 °.
  • the retardation effect can also be predetermined within wide limits.
  • slide-shaped squib carriers can also be equipped with a retardation lock in an analogous manner, if desired, as shown in FIGS. 13 and 14 in a simplified form.
  • the axis of symmetry S is identical to the direction of the main acceleration b N.
  • a slider-like squib support 6 ' is arranged at an angle of 90 ° to the axis of symmetry S.
  • a primer 9 with a pole pin 10
  • a keyway-like groove 5 'and a blind hole 43 In this hole, a reinforcement spring 29' (tension spring) is suspended at the end, which is also attached to a housing 7 'is attached.
  • the energy generator 13 In the axis of symmetry S, on the front side in the ammunition body M, is the energy generator 13 with its telescopic contact 14 resting on the squib support 6 '. On the side opposite the energy generator, the booster charge 16' is located at a small distance from the squib support 6 '.
  • the inhibitor mechanism H acting on the long side of the squib carrier is symbolized by an arrow.
  • the projection flange 3 can likewise prevent the detonator from being focused in good time in a known manner on the end face 5b '.
  • the device according to FIG. 14 is constructed analogously to that according to claim 13, only to reduce the space requirement here the bolt 2 is arranged at an angle alpha to the axis of symmetry S of the ammunition body M and thus to the direction of the main acceleration bry.
  • the squib 9 is inclined, i.e. axially parallel to the axis of symmetry S, installed in the squib support 6 ".
  • the projection flange 3 'of the bolt 2 is designed like a pawl;
  • the optimal choice of the angle alpha i.e. the installation position of the retardation lock can be optimized in a simple manner with the aid of the diagram in FIG. 12 and the dynamic flight behavior of the ammunition body M.
  • the device according to the invention ensures a high degree of safety even in cases in which the ammunition body has relatively high lateral accelerations due to its trajectory and / or its firing behavior (projectiles and missiles with boosters, etc.). It is also characterized by its simplicity, small size and the possibility of integrating it into existing or newly designed ignition systems.

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Abstract

The invention is directed to the provision of a safety device to prevent premature detonation of ammunition, particularly low spin projectiles of the type in which a primer pellet is positioned in a rotor which rotates from an unarmed to an armed position upon firing. The safety device is biased under the action of the spring to project into a groove in the rotor so as to be engageable with an end face of the groove. If the projectile is fired with normal acceleration, the resulting force will cause the safety device to become disengaged from the groove in the rotor against the action of the spring. If acceleration is below normal, the safety device will engage the rotor and lock it in an unarmed position. An inertial mass lock is also provided as an additional measure against accidental or premature arming of the projectile. A retard mechanism delays rotation of the rotor to an armed position for a selected time period sufficient for the projectile to advance a safe distance from a gun or launcher before becoming armed.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Vorrichtung zum Sichern und Schärfen eines elektrisch zündbaren Munitionskörpers mit einer in einem Zündpillenträger eingebauten Zündpille, wobei der in einem Gehäuse bewegbar angeordnete Zündpillenträger durch die Trägheitswirkung von zumindest einem eine Masse aufweisenden Körper gerichtet und durch ein mechanisches Hemmwerk zeitverzögert in die Position der Scharfstellung geführt ist, der Körper in einer Bohrung des Gehäuses zumindest annähernd in die Linie der Richtung der Hauptbeschleunigung des Munitionskörpers bewegbar angeordnet ist und der Körper in eine Aussparung am Zündpillenträger eingreift.The present invention relates to a device for securing and sharpening an electrically ignitable ammunition body with a squib installed in a squib, the squib carrier movably arranged in a housing being directed by the inertial effect of at least one body having a mass and delayed in time by a mechanical inhibitor the position of the focusing is guided, the body is arranged in a bore of the housing at least approximately in the line of the direction of the main acceleration of the ammunition body and the body engages in a recess on the squib carrier.

Das Problem der Sicherung von Munitionskörpern in Geschossen, Granaten, Raketen etc. gewinnt mit der Entwicklung von neuen Hochleistungssprengstoffen und Waffensystemen mit gesteigerter ballistischer Leistung an besonderer Bedeutung. Dementsprechend sind die Sicherheitsanforderungen gesteigert worden, so fordert beispielsweise die MIL-STD (Military Standard) 1316 B der NATO vom 15.02.1977, dass in einer Munition wenigstens zwei voneinander (physikalisch) unabhängige Sicherungen angebracht sein müssen. Diese Forderung war bisher, besonders bei drallarmen Geschossen, nur schwer zu erfüllen, so dass in der Praxis auf eine zweite Sicherung meist verzichtet wurde.The problem of securing ammunition bodies in projectiles, grenades, missiles etc. is gaining particular importance with the development of new high-performance explosives and weapon systems with increased ballistic performance. Accordingly, the security requirements have been increased, for example the MIL-STD (Military Standard) 1316 B of NATO dated February 15, 1977 that at least two (physically) independent safeguards must be installed in an ammunition. This requirement has so far been difficult to meet, especially with low-swirl projectiles, so that in practice a second safety device has mostly been dispensed with.

Bekannt ist eine Initialzündersicherung (DE-A 1 912759) eines Zünders gemäss Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1 mit einem Rotor mit radialen Bohrungen, wobei dieser Rotor die Zündpille trägt. In den Rotor greift ein Röhrchen ein, das in dieser Lage mit einer elastischen dünnen Metallscheibe gehalten wird. Als eine zweite Sicherung ist ein Schlitzrohr angeordnet, das in einer Bohrung infolge der elastischen Reibungskräfte hält und sich in die entsicherte Lage bei der Beschleunigung infolge seinerTrägheit bewegt.Known is an initial fuse (DE-A 1 912759) of an igniter according to the preamble of claim 1 with a rotor with radial bores, this rotor carrying the squib. A tube engages in the rotor, which is held in this position by an elastic thin metal disc. As a second safeguard, a slotted tube is arranged, which stops in a bore due to the elastic frictional forces and moves into the unlocked position during acceleration due to its inertia.

In der FR-A 1 311 002 ist eine Schlagsicherung für nicht rotierende Geschosse enthalten. Sie weist in der drehbaren Geschossspitze einen Schlagkolben auf, wobei ein Schlagbolzen mit einem senkrecht zu ihm beweglich angeordneten federbelasteten Schieber blockiert ist. Ein federbelasteter Bolzen, der parallel mit der Richtung der Beschleunigung angeordnet ist, bewegt sich nach dem Abschuss infolge seiner Trägheit und entriegelt somit den Schieber, der jetzt die freie Bewegung des Schlagkolbens und somit die Explosion ermöglicht.FR-A 1 311 002 contains an impact protection for non-rotating projectiles. It has a percussion piston in the rotatable projectile tip, a firing pin being blocked with a spring-loaded slide that is movable perpendicular to it. A spring-loaded pin, which is arranged parallel to the direction of the acceleration, moves after the shot due to its inertia and thus unlocks the slide, which now enables the free movement of the percussion piston and thus the explosion.

Die FR-A 1 046924 enthält ebenfalls einen Rotor, der in seiner Sicherheitslage mit Hilfe von zwei Stiften gehalten wird, wobei der erste Stift direkt den Rotor und der zweite Stift den im Rotor sich befindenden Schlagbolzen arretiert. Die Entsicherung geschieht durch die Trägheit des ersten Stiftes infolge der Beschleunigung des Geschosses.FR-A 1 046924 also contains a rotor which is held in its safety position by means of two pins, the first pin locking the rotor directly and the second pin locking the firing pin located in the rotor. The releasing occurs due to the inertia of the first pin due to the acceleration of the projectile.

Die in der US-A 2 709 962 beschriebene Lösung zum Sichern und Schärfen von nicht rotierenden Geschossen reagiert gleichfalls auf die Beschleunigung des Geschosses. Sie enthält einen Schlagkolben und einen Rotor, und die Entsicherung beginnt mit einer linearen Bewegung eines federbelasteten Stiftes.The solution for securing and sharpening non-rotating projectiles described in US Pat. No. 2,709,962 also reacts to the acceleration of the projectile. It contains a percussion piston and a rotor, and the unlocking begins with a linear movement of a spring-loaded pin.

Diese bekannten Initialzündersicherungen genügen den heutigen Sicherheitsanforderungen nicht, insbesondere erfolgen die Armierungen der Zünder in einem zu kurzen Sicherheitabstand zum Geschütz.These known initial fuse fuses do not meet today's safety requirements; in particular, the arming of the detonators takes place at a safety distance that is too short from the gun.

Es ist daher Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, eine Vorrichtung zum Sichern und Schärfen eines elektrisch zündbaren Munitionskörpers zu schaffen, welche ein höheres Mass an Sicherheit bewirkt und insbesondere auch bei drallarmen Munitionskörpern eingesetzt werden kann.It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a device for securing and sharpening an electrically ignitable ammunition body, which brings about a higher degree of security and can also be used in particular with low-swirl ammunition bodies.

Die vorgenannte Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäss dadurch gelöst, dass der Körper ein Bolzen ist, dieser Bolzen zusätzlich partiell quer zur Richtung der Hauptbeschleunigung bewegbar ist, dass sowohl die Bohrung als auch der Bolzen im wesentlichen konisch ausgebildet sind, dass der Bolzen wenigstens auf seiner einen Stirnseite in Richtung der Hauptbeschleunigung durch eine Feder belastet ist und mit einem an der zweiten Stirnseite vorgesehenen Vorsprungflansch in die Aussparung eingreift, wobei die Aussparung eine längs eines Teiles des Umfangs des Zündpillenträgers verlaufende Nut ist.According to the invention, the aforementioned object is achieved in that the body is a bolt, this bolt can also be moved partially transversely to the direction of the main acceleration, and that both the bore and the bolt are essentially conical in that the bolt at least on one end face thereof Direction of the main acceleration is loaded by a spring and engages with a projection flange provided on the second end face in the recess, the recess being a groove running along part of the circumference of the squib support.

In den abhängigen Ansprüchen sind vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen des Erfindungsgegenstandes gekennzeichnet.Advantageous developments of the subject matter of the invention are characterized in the dependent claims.

Die Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2 zeichnet sich durch ihre Einfachheit und der Wirtschaftlichkeit aus.The device according to claim 2 is characterized by its simplicity and economy.

Die Ausgestaltung nach Anspruch 3 verhindert ein Blockieren des Bolzens selbst bei Querbeschleunigungen, welche auf den Munitionskörper einwirken.The embodiment according to claim 3 prevents the bolt from blocking even in the case of transverse accelerations which act on the ammunition body.

Die in Anspruch 4 aufgezeigte Lösung dient zur zusätzlichen Zentrierung und Führung des Bolzens, was insbesondere bei einem instabilen Flug des Munitionskörpers von Vorteil ist.The solution shown in claim 4 is used for additional centering and guidance of the bolt, which is particularly advantageous in the case of an unstable flight of the ammunition body.

Die Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5 sichert eine definierte Auflage des Bolzens und ist daher von grosser mechanischer Stabilität.The device according to claim 5 ensures a defined support of the bolt and is therefore of great mechanical stability.

Eine besonders vorteilhafte und raumsparende Lösung ist in Anspruch 6 aufgezeigt.A particularly advantageous and space-saving solution is shown in claim 6.

Die Ausführungsform nach Anspruch 7 dient insbesondere zur Ergänzung von bisherigen schieberartigen Zündpillenträgern mit einer Retardationssperre.The embodiment according to claim 7 is used in particular to supplement previous slider-like squib carriers with a retardation lock.

Eine relativ lange Nut gemäss Anspruch 8 erlaubt ein entsprechend zeitlich langes Überwachen des Drehweges des Rotors.A relatively long groove according to claim 8 allows a correspondingly long monitoring of the rotation of the rotor.

Die Lösung nach Anspruch 9 verhindert ein ruckartiges Losbrechen bei Beginn der Drehbewegung des Rotors und bewirkt auch im Falle der notwendigen, vorzeitigen Arretierung ein hohes Mass an Betriebssicherheit.The solution according to claim 9 prevents a jerky breakaway at the beginning of the rotary movement of the rotor and brings about a high degree of operational safety even in the case of the necessary, premature locking.

Eine nach Anspruch 10 ausgestaltete Nut verhindert ein Weiterdrehen des Rotors, selbst bei hohen mechanischen Schockbelastungen. Als besonders einfach und betriebssicher hat sich zur Bewegung des Zündpillenträgers in die Scharfstellung ein Federantrieb erwiesen (siehe Anspruch 11).A groove designed according to claim 10 prevents further rotation of the rotor, even with high mechanical shock loads. Has become particularly simple and reliable for moving the squib carrier into the Focusing a spring drive has been proven (see claim 11).

Das in Anspruch 12 beschriebene Hemmwerk erlaubt ein einfaches, systemabhängiges Einstellen der gewünschten Vorrohrsicherheit.The inhibitor described in claim 12 allows a simple, system-dependent setting of the desired front pipe security.

Die in Anspruch 13 beschriebene Doppelmassensperre dient primär der Transportsicherung und gewährleistet ein sicheres Entriegeln bei in der Richtung ihrer Hauptbeschleunigung abgeschossene Munition; sie lässt sich zudem in bezug auf zur gesicherten Entriegelung notwendige minimale Beschleunigungswerte abstimmen.The double mass lock described in claim 13 serves primarily to secure transport and ensures a safe unlocking of ammunition fired in the direction of its main acceleration; it can also be coordinated with regard to the minimum acceleration values required for secure unlocking.

Eine nach Anspruch 14 ausgeführte Variante ist fabrikationstechnisch besonders einfach herstellbar.A variant executed according to claim 14 is particularly easy to manufacture in terms of manufacturing technology.

Die Ausführungsform gemäss Anspruch 15 ist in den Fällen vorteilhaft, in denen die Retardationssperre bei einem Schieber über einen weiten Beschleunigungsbereich funktionieren muss.The embodiment according to claim 15 is advantageous in the cases in which the retardation lock has to work with a slide over a wide acceleration range.

Die Weiterbildung gemäss Anspruch 16 ist bei beschränkten Platzverhältnissen zweckmässig.The further development according to claim 16 is expedient in the case of limited space.

Eine Ausgestaltung nach Anspruch 17 verbesserte die Funktionssicherheit auch bei grossen Änderungen der Querbeschleunigung.An embodiment according to claim 17 improved the functional reliability even with large changes in the lateral acceleration.

Eine einfache Optimierung des Retardationsverhaltens der Vorrichtung ergibt sich aus Anspruch 18.A simple optimization of the retardation behavior of the device results from claim 18.

In den nachfolgenden Zeichnungen sind vereinfachte Ausführungsbeispiele des Erfindungsgegenstandes zum Teil in Schnittdarstellung wiedergegeben. Es zeigt:

  • Fig. 1 eine bevorzugte, vereinfachte Ausführungsform der Erfindung in gesicherter Position,
  • Fig. la eine Zuordnung der Fig. 1 zu einem Koordinatensystem mit der Richtung der Hauptbeschleunigung als Abszisse,
  • Fig. 2 die Vorrichtung Fig. 1 in ihrer Scharfstellung,
  • Fig. den Zündpillenträger der Vorrichtung Fig. 1 bei ungenügender Retardation, (die Zündpille ist vor dem Erreichen der Scharfstellung blockiert),
  • Fig. 4 eine Schnittdarstellung einer realisierten erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung,
  • Fig. 5 eine Ansicht von oben auf die Vorrichtung gemäss Fig. 4,
  • Fig. den aus Fig. 4 ersichtlichen Zündpillenträger in einer Draufsicht senkrecht zu seiner Längsachse,
  • Fig. 7 einen Horizontalschnitt durch die untere Reihe der Bohrungen im Zündpillenträger Fig. 4,
  • Fig. eine zur Scharfstellung des Zündpillenträgers dienende Armierungsfeder,
  • Fig.9 den Horizontalschnitt durch die untere Reihe der Bohrungen im Zündpillenträger Fig. 4 in seinem Gehäuse, in gesicherter Position,
  • Fig. 10 denselben Horizontalschnitt wie Fig. 9, jedoch in entsicherter Position des Zündpillenträgers,
  • Fig. 11 eine beispielsweise Winkellage einer in den Fig. 1 bis 3 ersichtlichen Retardationssperre in bezug auf die Richtung der Hauptbeschleunigung,
  • Fig. 12 ein Diagramm der relativen notwendigen Auslösekräfte der Retardationssperre in Vielfachen der Erdbeschleunigung normiert, in Funktion ihrer Winkellage zur Richtung der Hauptbeschleunigung,
  • Fig. 13 eine Variante der Vorrichtung Fig. 1 mit einem als Schieber ausgestalteten Zündpillenträger
  • und Fig. 14 eine Variante der Vorrichtung Fig. 1 mit einem als Schieber ausgestalteten Zündpillenträger.
In the following drawings, simplified exemplary embodiments of the subject matter of the invention are shown in part in a sectional view. It shows:
  • 1 shows a preferred, simplified embodiment of the invention in a secured position,
  • 1 a assignment of FIG. 1 to a coordinate system with the direction of the main acceleration as the abscissa,
  • 2 shows the device of FIG. 1 in its focus,
  • 1 the squib carrier of the device in FIG. 1 in the event of insufficient retardation (the squib is blocked before arming is achieved),
  • 4 shows a sectional illustration of an implemented device according to the invention,
  • 5 is a top view of the device of FIG. 4,
  • 4 is a plan view perpendicular to its longitudinal axis,
  • 7 shows a horizontal section through the lower row of bores in the squib support FIG. 4,
  • FIG. 1 is a reinforcement spring used to focus the squib support,
  • 9 shows the horizontal section through the lower row of bores in the squib holder, FIG. 4 in its housing, in a secured position,
  • 10 shows the same horizontal section as FIG. 9, but in the unlocked position of the squib carrier,
  • 11 is an example of an angular position of a retardation lock shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 with respect to the direction of the main acceleration,
  • 12 is a diagram of the relative necessary triggering forces of the retardation lock normalized in multiples of the acceleration due to gravity, as a function of their angular position to the direction of the main acceleration,
  • 13 shows a variant of the device in FIG. 1 with a squib support designed as a slide
  • and FIG. 14 shows a variant of the device in FIG. 1 with a squib support designed as a slide.

In sämtlichen Zeichnungen sind gleiche Teile mit gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen.In all drawings, the same parts are provided with the same reference numerals.

Die Fig. 1 stellt eine doppelt mechanisch gesicherte Vorrichtung in einem elektrisch zündbaren Munitionskörper M dar, welcher in seiner Art häufig in Geschossen, Raketen etc., also in mit hohen Beschleunigungen abzuschiessender Munition, vorkommt.Fig. 1 shows a double mechanically secured device in an electrically ignitable ammunition body M, which often occurs in its kind in projectiles, missiles, etc., ie in ammunition to be fired at high accelerations.

Gemäss Fig. 1 ist mit 1 eine konische Bohrung 1 in einem Gehäuse 7 bezeichnet. Ein Gewindering 1a verschliesst die Bohrung 1 und zentriert gleichzeitig eine Feder 8, welche auf einen ebenfalls kegelförmigen Bolzen 2 mit einem endseitigen Vorsprungflansch 3 wirkt. Die Bohrung 1 weist neben ihrem konischen Teil einen zylindrischen Teil 4 auf.1, 1 denotes a conical bore 1 in a housing 7. A threaded ring 1a closes the bore 1 and at the same time centers a spring 8 which acts on a likewise conical bolt 2 with an end flange 3. The bore 1 has a cylindrical part 4 in addition to its conical part.

Im Zentrum des Gehäuses 7 befindet sich ein Zündpillenträger 6, welcher als Rotor mit einem Drehpunkt D ausgestaltet ist. Der Zündpillenträger 6 weist auf einem Teil seines Umfangs eine Nut 5 auf, welche auf ihrer einen Endseite einen auslaufenden Teil 5a und auf ihrer anderen Endseite eine Stirnfläche 5b aufweist.In the center of the housing 7 there is a squib 6, which is designed as a rotor with a pivot point D. The squib support 6 has a groove 5 on part of its circumference, which has an outgoing part 5a on one end side and an end face 5b on its other end side.

Im Innern des Zündpillenträgers 6 befindet sich eine an sich bekannte Zündpille 9, aus welcher ein isolierter Polstift 10 herausragt. Die Aussenhülse der Zündpille 9 ist über die Bohrung 11 des metallischen Zündpillenträgers 6 mit der Masse verbunden; der Polstift 10 ragt elektrisch isoliert in die verjüngte Bohrung 12 des Zündpillenträgers 6 hinein.In the interior of the squib support 6 there is a squib 9 known per se, from which an insulated pin 10 protrudes. The outer sleeve of the squib 9 is connected to the ground via the bore 11 of the metallic squib support 6; The pole pin 10 protrudes into the tapered bore 12 of the squib support 6 in an electrically insulated manner.

Auf der einen Stirnseite des Munitionskörpers M, in der Richtung der Hauptbeschleunigung bN, befindet sich ein an sich bekannter elektrischer Energie-Erzeuger 13, bestehend aus einem Zündgenerator mit Sicherheits- und Speicherschaltung und Zielsensor.On one end face of the ammunition body M, in the direction of the main acceleration b N , there is an electrical energy generator 13 known per se, consisting of an ignition generator with a safety and storage circuit and a target sensor.

Der Energie-Erzeuger 13 weist einen Telekopkontakt 14 auf, welcher mit seiner Kontaktfläche 15 auf dem Zündpillenträger 6 aufliegt.The energy generator 13 has a telescopic contact 14, which rests with its contact surface 15 on the squib support 6.

Auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite befindet sich eine Verstärkerladung 16 (Booster), welche mit ihrer Initiierungsstelle 17 ebenfalls in das Gehäuse 7 in Richtung zum Drehpunkt D des Zündpillenträgers 6 hineinragt.On the opposite side there is an amplifier charge 16 (booster) which, with its initiation point 17, also projects into the housing 7 in the direction of the pivot point D of the squib support 6.

Das in Fig. 1a aufgezeigte rechtwinklige Koordinatensystem weist im positiven Teil der Abszisse die Richtung der Hauptbeschleunigung bN des Munitionskörpers M aus. In diesem Beschleunigungsbereich befindet sich der Munitionskörper M bei seinem Abschuss. Nach dem Verlassen des Rohres bzw. seiner Startbahn erfährt der Munitionskörper M einen Strömungswiderstand, so dass nach einer gewissen Flugdauer die vorher kontinuierlich zunehmenden positiven Beschleunigungswerte relativ gesehen zu negativen Werten, d.h. zur Retardation, werden. Dieser Bereich ist mit -bN bezeichnet. Bei einem realen Abschuss erfährt ein Munitionskörper auf seiner ballistischen Flugbahn unterschiedliche Winkellagen, welche in Komponenten ihrer Querbeschleunigungen ba (positiv und negativ) resultieren.The right-angled coordinate system shown in FIG. 1 a shows the direction of the main acceleration b N of the ammunition body M in the positive part of the abscissa. The ammunition body M is in this acceleration range when it is fired. After leaving the tube or its runway, the ammunition body M experiences a flow resistance, so that after a certain flight duration the previous continuously increasing positive acceleration values are relatively seen as negative values, ie for retardation. This area is designated by -b N. During a real launch, an ammunition body experiences different angular positions on its ballistic trajectory, which result in components of its transverse accelerations b a (positive and negative).

Fliegt ein Munitionskörper M auf einer üblichen ballistischen Flugbahn, so wird der anfänglich durch eine Doppelmassensperre verriegelte Zündpillenträger 6 in einem ersten Schritt entriegelt und erfährt aus seiner Ausgangslage, Fig. 1, um den Drehpunkt D eine Drehung im Uhrzeigersinn. Die Beschleunigungskräfte, welche die Doppelmassensperre entriegeln, wirken ebenfalls auf den kegelförmigen Bolzen 2, wodurch dieser aufgrund seiner trägen Masse in Richtung des Gewinderings 1 a gedrückt wird und somit mit seinem Vorsprungflansch 3 aus der Nut in der in Fig.2 dargestellten Weise herausgezogen wird. Dies ermöglicht dem Zündpillenträger 6 in der vorgegebenen Zeit eine Drehung um 270°, wodurch der in Fig. 2 dargestellte armierte Zustand eintritt.If an ammunition body M flies on a conventional ballistic trajectory, the squib 6, initially locked by a double mass lock, is unlocked in a first step and learns from its starting position, FIG. 1, about the pivot point D a clockwise rotation. The acceleration forces, which unlock the double mass lock, also act on the conical bolt 2, whereby this is pressed due to its inert mass in the direction of the threaded ring 1 a and is thus pulled out with its projection flange 3 from the groove in the manner shown in Fig.2. This enables the squib support 6 to rotate through 270 ° in the predetermined time, as a result of which the armored state shown in FIG. 2 occurs.

Hier ist der Teleskopkontakt 14 des Energie-Erzeugers 13 in die Bohrung 12 des Zündpillenträgers 6 eingefedert und kontaktiert den Polstift 10, wodurch bei geschlossenem Zielsensor (Aufschlagkontakt etc.) der Stromkreis geschlossen wird und der mit einer elektrisch leitenden Glühbrücke versehene Zündsatz gezündet wird. Die in der Zündpille 9 erzeugte Stosswelle bewirkt eine Detonationsübertragung bei der Initiierungsstelle 17 der Verstärkerladung 16.Here, the telescopic contact 14 of the energy generator 13 is spring-loaded into the bore 12 of the squib support 6 and contacts the pole pin 10, as a result of which the circuit is closed when the target sensor (impact contact etc.) is closed and the igniter set provided with an electrically conductive glow bridge is ignited. The shock wave generated in the squib 9 causes a detonation transmission at the initiation point 17 of the booster charge 16.

Wird der Flug des Munitionskörpers M aus irgendeinem Grunde vorzeitig abgebrochen, prallt dieser beispielsweise vorzeitig auf ein Hindernis auf, so ändern sich die auf den Bolzen 2 einwirkenden Beschleunigungskräfte, so dass dieser wieder durch die Feder 8 bewirkt in seine Endstellung in der Bohrung 1 gedrückt wird; jetzt greift der Vorsprungflansch 3 wieder in die periphere, ringförmige Nut 5 ein und wirkt wiederum tangential auf den Zündpillenträger 6.If the flight of the ammunition body M is interrupted prematurely for some reason, if it hits an obstacle prematurely, for example, the acceleration forces acting on the bolt 2 change, so that it is again pressed into its end position in the bore 1 by the spring 8 ; Now the projection flange 3 engages again in the peripheral, annular groove 5 and in turn acts tangentially on the squib support 6.

Vor Ablauf der vorgegebenen Vorrohrzeit wird der Zündpillenträger 6 nun in seiner Drehung an der Stirnfläche 5b durch den Vorsprungflansch 3 gestoppt. - Eine Armierung ohne erneute Beschleunigung des Munitionskörpers M ist nicht mehr möglich. Es ensteht der in Fig. 3 dargestellte Zustand.Before the predetermined pre-pipe time expires, the squib support 6 is now stopped in its rotation on the end face 5b by the projection flange 3. - Armoring without renewed acceleration of the ammunition body M is no longer possible. The state shown in FIG. 3 arises.

Weitere Einzelheiten des Erfindungsgegenstandes sind anhand der in praxi erfolgreich erprobten Vorrichtung gemäss den Fig. 4-12 zu beschreiben. Aus Übersichtlichkeitsgründen sind in derr Fig.4 und 6 der Energie-Erzeuger 13 und die Verstärkerladung 16 nur noch durch Pfeile symbolisiert gezeichnet.Further details of the subject matter of the invention can be described with reference to the device successfully tested in practice according to FIGS. 4-12. For reasons of clarity, the energy generator 13 and the booster charge 16 are only symbolized in FIGS. 4 and 6 by arrows.

In Fig. 4 ist in einer vertikalen Schnittdarstellung eine Unruh 18, welche von vier Kugeln 19 umgeben ist, ersichtlich. Die Kugeln 19 werden durch einen Kugel-Kranz 20 und einem Klemmring 21 konzentrisch zur zylindrischen Unruh 18 geführt. Ein Halterungsstift 22 dient als Niederhalter für diese ein Hemmwerk darstellende Anordnung.4 shows a balance 18, which is surrounded by four balls 19, in a vertical sectional view. The balls 19 are guided concentrically to the cylindrical balance 18 by a ball ring 20 and a clamping ring 21. A mounting pin 22 serves as a hold-down device for this arrangement which represents an inhibitor.

In derselben Fig. 4ist wiederum der Zündpillenträger 6 mit seiner Zündpille 9 ersichtlich, welche mittels eines Gewinnstiftes 23 in der Bohrung 11 fixiert ist.In the same FIG. 4, the squib holder 6 can again be seen with its squib 9, which is fixed in the bore 11 by means of a winning pin 23.

Im Zündpillenträger 6 ist ferner ein sogenannter Schliesskolben 24 einer Doppelmassensperre ersichtlich, der in eine grosse Bohrung 27, welche in das Gehäuse 7 mündet, geführt ist. Eine kegelförmige Andrehung 25 erleichtert das teilweise Übergleiten des Schliesskolbens 24 vom Zündpillenträger 6 in das Gehäuse 7. Eine weitere kleine Bohrung 28 dient dem Luftaustausch in der Bohrung 27 des Zündpillenträgers 6 und begrenzt einseitig dessen Gleitweg.In the squib support 6, a so-called closing piston 24 of a double mass lock can also be seen, which is guided into a large bore 27 which opens into the housing 7. A conical rotation 25 facilitates the partial sliding of the closing piston 24 from the squib support 6 into the housing 7. Another small bore 28 serves to exchange air in the bore 27 of the squib support 6 and limits its sliding path on one side.

Im weiteren weist der Schliesskolben 24 Eindrehungen auf, in welche die in den Fig. 9 und 10 dargestellten Kugeln 42 der Doppelmassensperre eingreifen. In einen zapfenartigen und mit einem Schlitz 33 versehenen Teil 32 (vgl. Fig. 6) des Zündpillenträgers 6 greift das zentrale Ende einer Armierungsfeder 29 ein, welche die vorgängig beschriebene Drehung des Zündpillenträgers 6 bewirken kann.Furthermore, the closing piston 24 has indentations into which the balls 42 of the double mass lock shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 engage. The central end of a reinforcement spring 29 engages in a peg-like part 32 (see FIG. 6) of the squib support 6 which has a slot 33 and which can cause the previously described rotation of the squib support 6.

In der Darstellung Fig. 5 - eine Ansicht des Gegenstandes Fig. 4 von oben - ist nochmals die Ausgestaltung des Hemmwerkes mit der Unruh 18 zu sehen. Zusätzlich ist hier ein Stoppstift 30 ersichtlich, der zur Begrenzung des Drehweges des Zündpillenträgers 6 auf seinen nockenartigen Anschlag 31 wirkt.5 - a view of the object of FIG. 4 from above - the design of the escapement with the balance 18 can be seen again. In addition, a stop pin 30 can be seen here, which acts on its cam-like stop 31 to limit the rotational path of the squib support 6.

Der in Fig.6 dargestellte Zündpillenträger 6 (Rotor) ist im Gehäuse 7, Fig. 4, durch seine zylindrischen Partien 36 geführt sowie zentriert und weist auf seiner einen Stirnseite den nockenartigen Anschlag 31 und auf seiner unteren Stirnseite einen Zapfen 32 auf. Der Zapfen 32 ist mit einem Schlitz 33 versehen, in den das in Fig. 8 dargestellte zentrale Ende 29a der Armierungsfeder 29 eingreift.The squib support 6 (rotor) shown in FIG. 6 is guided and centered in the housing 7, FIG. 4 through its cylindrical portions 36 and has the cam-like stop 31 on one end face and a pin 32 on its lower end face. The pin 32 is provided with a slot 33 into which the central end 29a of the reinforcement spring 29 shown in FIG. 8 engages.

Ersichtlich ist zudem die einseitig, schlitzartig ausgenommene Bohrung 11 zur Aufnahme der Zündpille 9 sowie ein in diese Bohrung 11 führendes, senkrecht zu dieser angeordnetes Gewinde 34, in welches der zur Fixierung der Zündpillen dienende Gewindestift 23 einschraubbar ist.Also visible is the one-sided, slot-like recessed bore 11 for receiving the squib 9 and a thread 34 leading into this bore 11 and arranged perpendicular thereto, into which the threaded pin 23 serving to fix the squib can be screwed.

Vier in Winkeln von 90° angeordnete Aufnahme-Bohrungen 35 bilden die Lagerung und Rückhaltung für die vier aus Fig.4 und 5 bekannten Kugeln 19.Four receiving bores 35 arranged at angles of 90 ° form the storage and retention for the four balls 19 known from FIGS. 4 and 5.

Oberhalb des Zapfens 32 befinden sich drei zueinander parallele weitere Bohrungen 27 und 27', welche je über eine Stufe in kleinere Bohrungen 28 und 28' übergehen. Quer zu diesen Bohrungen befindet sich auf der Vorderseite die Kugellauf-Bohrung 37. - Die Verteilung sämtlicher Bohrungen auf dieser Ebene ist aus der Schnittdarstellung Fig. 7 zu sehen, wo auch die darüberliegende ringförmige Nut 5 mit ihrer Stirnfläche 5b, vgl. Fig. 6, und ihrem auslaufenden Teil 5a, gestrichelt gezeichnet, ersichtlich ist.Above the pin 32 there are three further bores 27 and 27 'which are parallel to one another and which each merge into smaller bores 28 and 28' over a step. Transverse to these bores there is the ball-run bore 37 on the front. The distribution of all bores on this plane can be seen from the sectional view in FIG. 7, where the annular groove 5 with its end face 5b, cf. Fig. 6, and its outgoing part 5a, drawn in dashed lines, can be seen.

Die in Fig. 8 dargestellte und bereits erwähnte Armierungsfeder 29 ist eine Uhrwerkfeder, welche im Gehäuse 7, vgl. Fig. 4, mit ihrem äusseren Ende 29b in aufgewickeltem Zustand verhakt ist.The reinforcement spring 29 shown in FIG. 8 and already mentioned is a clockwork spring, wel che in the housing 7, cf. Fig. 4, is hooked with its outer end 29b in the wound state.

Die Darstellung Fig. 9 zeigt die aus den Massen 1 und 2 bestehenden Sperrstifte 38, 39, zusammen mit dem zentralen Schliesskolben 24 im verriegelten Zustand. Dabei greifen die kegelförmige Andrehung 25 sowie die Spitzen 38', 39' der Sperrstifte 38 und 39 in die Bohrungen 27 und 27" im Gehäuse 7 ein.The illustration in FIG. 9 shows the locking pins 38, 39 consisting of the masses 1 and 2, together with the central closing piston 24 in the locked state. The conical projection 25 and the tips 38 ', 39' of the locking pins 38 and 39 engage in the bores 27 and 27 "in the housing 7.

Die mit identischen Massen versehenen Sperrstifte 38 und 39 werden an ihren Enden 38", 39" durch ebenfalls identische Federn 40 und 41 mit gleichen Federkonstanten in die gezeichnete Lage gedrückt. Dabei besteht ein mechanischer Kontakt zwischen der Eindrehung 26 im Schliesskolben 24 und den Sperrstiften 38 und 39 durch zwei in der Kugellauf-Bohrung 37 eingeführte Kugeln 42.The locking pins 38 and 39 provided with identical masses are pressed into the position shown at their ends 38 ″, 39 ″ by likewise identical springs 40 and 41 with the same spring constants. There is mechanical contact between the recess 26 in the closing piston 24 and the locking pins 38 and 39 by means of two balls 42 inserted in the ball barrel bore 37.

Die Funktionsweise dieser Doppelmassensperre ist folgende: Im Ruhezustand, d.h. bei der Lagerung und beim Transport der Munition, ist der in Fig. 9 gezeigte verriegelte Zustand vorhanden. Der Rotor - Zündpillenträger 6 - kann nicht in die Scharfstellung gedreht werden. Wird der Munitionskörper mit hoher Beschleunigung abgeschossen, so wirkt diese umgehend auf die beiden Massen der Sperrstifte 38 und 39 und entriegelt diese in der in Fig. 10 dargestellten Weise. Die Entriegelung ist aufgrund der beiden in der Kugellauf-Bohrung 37 vorhandenen Kugeln 42 einmalig; die Kugeln blockieren die Bewegung an den Stirnflächen des Schliesskolbens 24 und den Sperrstiften 38 und 39 (Teile 25, 38' und 39') und verhindern somit ein Rückfedern in die Position der Verriegelung.The functioning of this double mass lock is as follows: In the idle state, ie during the storage and transportation of the ammunition, the locked state shown in FIG. 9 is present. The rotor - squib support 6 - cannot be turned to the arming position. If the ammunition body is fired with high acceleration, it acts immediately on the two masses of the locking pins 38 and 39 and unlocks them in the manner shown in FIG. 10. The unlocking is unique due to the two balls 42 present in the ball barrel bore 37; the balls block the movement on the end faces of the closing piston 24 and the locking pins 38 and 39 (parts 25, 38 ' and 39') and thus prevent springing back into the position of the locking.

Der im entriegelten Zustand, Fig. 10, drehfähige Zündpillenträger 6 erfährt durch die Feder 29 ein Drehmoment im Uhrzeigersinn. Durch das Hemmwerk mit seiner Unruh 18, Fig. 4 und 5, wird die resultierende Drehbewegung dadurch gebremst, dass die Kugeln 19 abwechslungsweise in gegenüberliegende Ausnehmungen im Kugel-Kranz 20 durch die Unruh 18 gepresst werden, welche eine oszillierende Bewegung ausführt. Damit lässt sich eine vorgegebene verzögerte Drehbewegung des Zündpillenträgers 6, entsprechend der geforderten Vorrohrsicherheit, realisieren.The rotatable squib support 6 in the unlocked state, FIG. 10, experiences a torque in the clockwise direction through the spring 29. The resulting rotary movement is braked by the escapement with its balance 18, FIGS. 4 and 5, in that the balls 19 are pressed alternately into opposite recesses in the spherical ring 20 by the balance 18, which carries out an oscillating movement. A predetermined delayed rotary movement of the squib support 6 can thus be realized, in accordance with the required precoil security.

Die in der Praxis erforderlichen Verzögerungszeiten belaufen sich je nach Munitionsart und Ausführung des Hemmwerkes von wenigen Millisekunden bis zu mehreren Sekunden.The delay times required in practice range from a few milliseconds to several seconds, depending on the type of ammunition and the design of the escapement.

Physikalisch unabhängig von der einmal eingeleiteten Drehbewegung des Zündpillenträgers 6 kontrolliert jetzt die Retardationssperre nach Fig. 1 bis 3 die Drehbewegung in bezug auf ein systemwidriges Beschleunigungsverhalten des Munitionskörpers.The retardation lock according to FIGS. 1 to 3 now controls the rotary movement physically independently of the rotary movement of the squib carrier 6 once initiated in relation to an acceleration behavior of the ammunition body which is contrary to the system.

Die konische Ausgestaltung der Bohrung 1, vgl. Fig. 1, und der rotationssymmetrische kegelförmige Bolzen 2 verhindern aufgrund der gewählten Kegelwinkel im Bereich von 10° bis 30°, vorzugsweise 15°, ein ungewolltes Festsitzen des Bolzens.The conical configuration of the bore 1, cf. Fig. 1, and the rotationally symmetrical conical bolt 2 prevent unwanted sticking of the bolt due to the selected cone angle in the range of 10 ° to 30 °, preferably 15 °.

Als besonderer Vorteil hat sich der Umstand erwiesen, dass diese Art der Retardationssperre in weiten Grenzen unempfindlich ist in bezug auf Querbeschleunigungen des Munitionskörpers.The fact that this type of retardation lock is largely insensitive to transverse accelerations of the ammunition has proven to be a particular advantage.

Durch die Wahl des Materials und die Grösse des Bolzens 2 und der Feder 8 kann zudem die Retardationswirkung in weiten Grenzen vorbestimmt werden.Through the choice of material and the size of the bolt 2 and the spring 8, the retardation effect can also be predetermined within wide limits.

In der Fig. 11 ist der rotationssymmetrisch ausgestaltete Bolzen 2 mit seiner Feder 8 im Koordinatensystem dargestellt; der zwischen der Richtung der Hauptbeschleunigung bN und der tatsächlichen Beschleunigungsrichtung gebildete Winkel ist mit alpha bezeichnet.11 shows the rotationally symmetrical bolt 2 with its spring 8 in the coordinate system; the angle formed between the direction of the main acceleration b N and the actual direction of acceleration is denoted by alpha.

Im Diagramm Fig. 12 sind die resultierenden Werte als Vielfache n der Normalbeschleunigung g (= 9,81 m/sec2) in Funktion des Winkels alpha für die Materialien Aluminium, AI (g = 2,7 g/cm3), Stahl, St (g = 7,8 g/cm3) und Reconit (handelsübliche Legierung aus 92,5% W, 7,5% Ni/Cr/Cu; Fa. Güggi AG, Grenchen, Schweiz), Re (g = 18g/ cm3) dargestellt.The diagram in FIG. 12 shows the resulting values as multiples n of the normal acceleration g (= 9.81 m / sec 2 ) as a function of the angle alpha for the materials aluminum, Al (g = 2.7 g / cm 3 ), steel, St (g = 7.8 g / cm 3 ) and Reconit (commercial alloy made of 92.5% W, 7.5% Ni / Cr / Cu; Güggi AG, Grenchen, Switzerland), Re (g = 18g / cm3).

Dieses Diagramm zeigt, dass ein Geschoss auch unter extremen Beschleunigungsbedingungen, falls die notwenigen Absolutwerte erreicht werden, sicher armiert und kontrolliert werden kann.This diagram shows that even under extreme acceleration conditions, if the necessary absolute values are reached, a floor can be safely reinforced and checked.

Wie die vorstehenden Ausführungen zeigen, ist der Erfindungsgegenstand nahezu universell integrierbar in bestehende elektrische Zündsysteme. Die praktisch realisierten äusseren Abmessungen belaufen sich bei einem zylindrischen Gehäuse 7 in der Grössenordnung von 20 mm Durchmesser und gleicher Länge.As the above explanations show, the subject matter of the invention can be integrated almost universally into existing electrical ignition systems. The practical dimensions of a cylindrical housing 7 are of the order of 20 mm in diameter and of the same length.

Trotzdem lassen sich, falls gewünscht, erfingungsgemäss auch schiebeförmige Zündpillenträger in analoger Weise mit einer Retardationssperre ausrüsten, wie die Fig. 13 und 14 in vereinfachter Form zeigen.Nevertheless, if desired, slide-shaped squib carriers can also be equipped with a retardation lock in an analogous manner, if desired, as shown in FIGS. 13 and 14 in a simplified form.

In einem zu Fig. 13 gehörenden Munitionskörper M ist die Symmetrieachse S identisch mit der Richtung der Hauptbeschleunigung bN. Unter einem Winkel von 90° zur Symmetrieachse S ist ein schieberartiger Zündpillenträger 6' angeordnet. In diesem befindet sich - in gesicherter Lage gezeichnet - eine Zündpille 9 mit einem Polstift 10, einer keilbahnartigen Nut 5' und einer Sackloch-Bohrung 43. In dieser Bohrung ist endseitig eine Armierungsfeder 29' (Zugfeder) eingehängt, welche ebenfalls an einem Gehäuse 7' befestigt ist.In an ammunition body M belonging to FIG. 13, the axis of symmetry S is identical to the direction of the main acceleration b N. A slider-like squib support 6 'is arranged at an angle of 90 ° to the axis of symmetry S. In this - drawn in a secured position - there is a primer 9 with a pole pin 10, a keyway-like groove 5 'and a blind hole 43. In this hole, a reinforcement spring 29' (tension spring) is suspended at the end, which is also attached to a housing 7 'is attached.

Der mit Fig. 1 identische Bolzen 2 mit seinem Vorsprungflansch 3 liegt in der Nut 5' und ist ebenfalls über eine Feder 8 an einem Gewindering 1 a abgestützt.The identical with Fig. 1 bolt 2 with its projection flange 3 is in the groove 5 'and is also supported by a spring 8 on a threaded ring 1 a.

In der Symmetrieachse S befindet sich, frontseitig im Munitionskörper M, der Energieerzeuger 13 mit seinem am Zündpillenträger 6' aufliegenden Teleskopkontakt 14. Auf der dem Energie-Erzeuger gegenüberliegenden Seite befindet sich in einem kleinen Abstand zum Zündpillenträger 6' die Verstärkerladung 16'. Durch einen Pfeil symbolisiert ist das an der Längsseite des Zündpillenträgers einwirkende Hemmwerk H.In the axis of symmetry S, on the front side in the ammunition body M, is the energy generator 13 with its telescopic contact 14 resting on the squib support 6 '. On the side opposite the energy generator, the booster charge 16' is located at a small distance from the squib support 6 '. The inhibitor mechanism H acting on the long side of the squib carrier is symbolized by an arrow.

Die Funktionsweise dieser Vorrichtung ist analog der vorstehend beschriebenen: Die auf den Bolzen 2 einwirkenden Beschleunigungskräfte bewegen den Vorsprungflansch 3 aus der Nut 5' heraus. Dadurch zieht die Armierungsfeder 29' den Schieber in Richtung Scharfstellung, wo der Polstift 10 der Zündpille 9 über die Kontaktfläche 15 elektrisch verbunden wird. Die Zündpille 9 zündet ebenfalls die Verstärkerladung 16' in bereits bekannter Weise.The operation of this device is analogous to that described above: The on the Bolts 2 acting acceleration forces move the projection flange 3 out of the groove 5 '. As a result, the reinforcement spring 29 'pulls the slide in the direction of the focus, where the pole pin 10 of the squib 9 is electrically connected via the contact surface 15. The squib 9 also ignites the booster charge 16 'in a manner already known.

Erfahren die auf den Bolzen 2 einwirkenden Beschleunigungskräfte einen Unterbruch, so vermag der Vorsprungflansch 3 ebenfalls in bereits bekannter Weise an der Stirnfläche 5b' eine Scharfstellung des Zünders rechtzeitig zu verhindern.If the acceleration forces acting on the bolt 2 experience an interruption, the projection flange 3 can likewise prevent the detonator from being focused in good time in a known manner on the end face 5b '.

Die Vorrichtung gemäss Fig. 14 ist analog zu derjenigen nach Anspruch 13 aufgebaut, nur ist zur Verringerung des Raumbedarfs hier der Bolzen 2 unter dem Winkel alpha zur Symmetrieachse S des Munitionskörpers M und damit zur Richtung der Hauptbeschleunigung bry angeordnet.The device according to FIG. 14 is constructed analogously to that according to claim 13, only to reduce the space requirement here the bolt 2 is arranged at an angle alpha to the axis of symmetry S of the ammunition body M and thus to the direction of the main acceleration bry.

Um trotzdem eine sichere und achstreue Zündung der hier nicht dargestellten Verstärkerladung 16' gewährleisten zu können, ist die Zündpille 9 schräg, d.h. achsparallel zur Symmetrieachse S, im Zündpillenträger 6" eingebaut.In order nevertheless to be able to guarantee reliable and axially accurate ignition of the booster charge 16 ', which is not shown here, the squib 9 is inclined, i.e. axially parallel to the axis of symmetry S, installed in the squib support 6 ".

Der Vorsprungflansch 3' des Bolzens 2 ist klinkenartig ausgestaltet; unter demselben Winkel befindet sich auch die Stirnfläche 5b" in der Nut 5" des Zündpillenträgers 6". Dadurch ist, falls notwendig, eine sichere, formschlüssige Arretierung des Zündpillenträgers 6" gewährleistet.The projection flange 3 'of the bolt 2 is designed like a pawl; The end face 5b "is also at the same angle in the groove 5" of the squib support 6 ". This ensures, if necessary, that the squib support 6" is securely and positively locked.

Die optimale Wahl des Winkels alpha, d.h. der Einbaulage der Retardationssperre, kann in einfacher Weise, unter Zuhilfenahme des Diagramms Fig. 12 und dem dynamischen Flugverhalten des Munitionskörpers M, optimiert werden.The optimal choice of the angle alpha, i.e. the installation position of the retardation lock can be optimized in a simple manner with the aid of the diagram in FIG. 12 and the dynamic flight behavior of the ammunition body M.

Die erfindungsgemässe Vorrichtung gewährleistet ein hohes Mass an Sicherheit auch in Fällen, bei denen der Munitionskörper aufgrund seiner Flugbahn und/oder seines Abschussverhaltens (Geschosse und Raketen mit Booster etc.) relativ hohe Querbeschleunigungen aufweist. Sie zeichnet sich zudem durch ihre Einfachheit, kleine Baugrösse und die Möglichkeit ihrer Integration in bestehende oder neu zu gestaltende Zündsysteme aus.

Figure imgb0001
Figure imgb0002
 The device according to the invention ensures a high degree of safety even in cases in which the ammunition body has relatively high lateral accelerations due to its trajectory and / or its firing behavior (projectiles and missiles with boosters, etc.). It is also characterized by its simplicity, small size and the possibility of integrating it into existing or newly designed ignition systems.
Figure imgb0001
Figure imgb0002

Claims (18)

1. An apparatus for safeguarding and arming an electrically detonatable piece of ammunition (M), having a detonator capsule (9) inserted in a detonator capsule carrier (6, 6', 6"), the detonator capsule carrier (6, 6', 6") which is displaceably disposed in a casing (7) being orientated by the inertia effect of at least one member (2) with mass and being guided with a time delay by a mechanical retarding mechanism (H) into the arming position, the member (2) being displaceably disposed in a bore (1) in the casing (7) at least approximately in the line of the direction of the main acceleration (bN) of the piece of ammunition (M), and the member engaging in a recess (5, 5', 5") on the detonator capsule carrier (6, 6', 6"), characterized in that the member (2) is a pin (2), the said pin (2) is additionally displaceable partially transversely to the direction of the main acceleration (bN), both the bore (1) and the pin (2) are made substantially tapered, the pin (2) is acted upon by a spring (8) at least on one of its end faces in the direction of the main acceleration (bN) and with a projecting flange (3, 3') provided on the second end face engages in the recess (5, 5', 5"), the recess (5, 5' , 5") being a groove (5, 5', 5") which extends along part of the periphery of the detonator capsule carrier (6) (Fig. 1; Fig. 13).
2. An apparatus according to Claim 1, characterized in that the spring (8) is centred in the end face of the greater diameter of the pin (2) and is constructed as a compression spring (Fig. 1).
3. An apparatus according to Claim 1, characterized in that the bore (1) is rotationally symmetrical and tapered at least over part of its length (Fig. 1).
4. An apparatus according to Claim 3, characterized in that on its side facing the direction of the main acceleration the bore (1) has a cylindrical area (4) (Fig. 1).
5. An apparatus according to Claim 1, characterized in that on its side facing the direction of the main acceleration (bN) the projecting flange (3) has a flat surface situated at right angles to this direction (Fig. 1).
6. An apparatus according to Claim 1, characterized in that the detonator capsule carrier (6) is a rotor and the projecting flange (3) engages tangentially in the latter (Fig. 1).
7. An apparatus according to Claim 1, characterized in that the detonator capsule carrier (6') is a slide (Fig. 13).
8. An apparatus according to Claim 6, characterized in that the groove (5) extends through a centre angle of at least 90° at the periphery of the rotor (Fig. 1).
9. An apparatus according to Claim 8, characterized in that the groove (5) comprises a terminal portion (5a) which is formed opposite the pole pin (10) of a detonator capsule (9) present in the detonator capsule carrier (6) (Fig. 1).
10. An apparatus according to Claim 8, characterized in that the groove (5, 5") comprises at least one part with an angular end face (5b, 5b") (Fig. 1; 14).
11. An apparatus according to Claim 1, characterized in that the detonator capsule carrier (6,6') comprises an arming spring (29, 29') (Fig. 1; 13).
12. An apparatus according to Claim 1, characterized in that the movement of the detonator capsule carrier (6, 6') from the safety position into the arming position is delayed by a retarding mechanism (18, 19, 20; H) within a period of time predetermined by the desired pre-tube safety of the ammunition (Figs. 4,5; 13).
13. An apparatus according to Claim 6, characterized in that the rotor has a double mass lock which, when the ammunition body (M) is fired from a closing piston (24) orientated in the direction of the main acceleration (bN), is formed by two identical masses arranged parallel to the said piston (24) and to one another and actively connected to one another, and the masses consist of locking pins (38, 39) which, loaded in the state of rest by mutually identical compression springs (40, 41 ) engage in the casing (7) (Figs. 9, 10).
14. An apparatus according to Claim 7, characterized in that the detonator capsule carrier (6") is a spline-like groove (5") (Fig. 14).
15. An apparatus according to Claim 14, characterized in that the detonator capsule carrier (6') is disposed in the piece of ammunition (M) transversely to its axis of symmetry (S), and the pin (2) is orientated in the direction of the main acceleration (bN) of the piece of ammunition (M) (Fig. 13).
16. An apparatus according to Claim 14, characterized in that the detonator capsule carrier (6") is disposed in the piece of ammunition (M) transversely to its axis of symmetry (S), and the pin (2) is orientated at an angle (a) to the direction of the main acceleration of the piece of ammunition (M) (Fig. 14).
17. An apparatus according to Claim 16, characterized in that the detonator capsule (9, 10) provided in the detonator capsule carrier (6") is orientated with its axis of rotation in the direction of the main acceleration of the piece of ammunition (M), and a catch-like projecting flange (3'), which has one end face (5b") extending parallel to the detonator capsule (9, 10), engages in the grove (5') (Fig. 14).
18. An apparatus according to Claim 1, characterized in that the mass of the pin (2) is matched to the predetermined acceleration and retardation behaviour of the piece of ammunition (M) by selecting the thickness of its material (Al, St, Re) and the elasticity constant of the spring (8) (Fig. 12; Fig. 1).
EP83810356A 1982-09-16 1983-08-12 Device for arming and sterilising an electric fuze for ammunition Expired EP0104138B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83810356T ATE23222T1 (en) 1982-09-16 1983-08-12 DEVICE FOR SECURING AND ARMED AN ELECTRICALLY FLAMMABLE AMMUNITION.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH5481/82 1982-09-16
CH548182 1982-09-16

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EP0104138A2 EP0104138A2 (en) 1984-03-28
EP0104138A3 EP0104138A3 (en) 1984-09-12
EP0104138B1 true EP0104138B1 (en) 1986-10-29

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EP (1) EP0104138B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE23222T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3367274D1 (en)

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DE3940211A1 (en) * 1988-12-12 1990-06-13 Inventa Ag Securing and arming of multistage accelerated missile - causes misfire with available electrical energy dissipated in shorter time unless arming acceleration duration is sufficient

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DE3435402A1 (en) * 1984-09-27 1986-04-03 Gebrüder Junghans GmbH, 7230 Schramberg SPHERICAL SAFETY ROTOR OF A SPIRAL BULLET IGNITION
US5269223A (en) * 1992-10-06 1993-12-14 Ems-Patvag Piezoelectric fuse system with safe and arm device for ammunition
EP1066786A1 (en) 1999-07-05 2001-01-10 Cws International Ag Trigger device of a motion dependent operation and its use
EP1167914A1 (en) 2000-06-19 2002-01-02 SM Schweizerische Munitionsunternehmung AG Self-propelled projectile with armour-piercing core
US6945548B2 (en) 2001-02-26 2005-09-20 Hendrickson Usa, L.L.C. Air spring and air spring mounting assembly
DE10302967B4 (en) * 2003-01-25 2006-04-06 Junghans Feinwerktechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg Projectile fuze with a force element

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0104138A2 (en) 1984-03-28
EP0104138A3 (en) 1984-09-12
US4550661A (en) 1985-11-05
DE3367274D1 (en) 1986-12-04
ATE23222T1 (en) 1986-11-15

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