EP0103240A2 - Hammer mill - Google Patents

Hammer mill Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0103240A2
EP0103240A2 EP83108623A EP83108623A EP0103240A2 EP 0103240 A2 EP0103240 A2 EP 0103240A2 EP 83108623 A EP83108623 A EP 83108623A EP 83108623 A EP83108623 A EP 83108623A EP 0103240 A2 EP0103240 A2 EP 0103240A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
crusher according
hammer crusher
baffle
rotor
hammer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP83108623A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0103240A3 (en
EP0103240B1 (en
Inventor
Manfred Adolph
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lyndex Recycling Systems Ltd
Original Assignee
Lindemann Maschinenfabrik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lindemann Maschinenfabrik GmbH filed Critical Lindemann Maschinenfabrik GmbH
Priority to AT83108623T priority Critical patent/ATE30854T1/en
Publication of EP0103240A2 publication Critical patent/EP0103240A2/en
Publication of EP0103240A3 publication Critical patent/EP0103240A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0103240B1 publication Critical patent/EP0103240B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/26—Details
    • B02C13/282—Shape or inner surface of mill-housings
    • B02C13/284—Built-in screens
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/02—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft
    • B02C13/06—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor
    • B02C13/09—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor and throwing the material against an anvil or impact plate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/26—Details
    • B02C13/282—Shape or inner surface of mill-housings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hammer crusher, in particular for crushing old material, preferably metallic scrap, consisting of a housing with a material inlet and a material outlet covered with a classification grate, located in the region of a shaft, and a hammer rotor rotatably mounted in the housing.
  • Hammer crushers of this type for example shown and described in DE-PS 1 272 091, are increasingly being used to shred car bodies, stoves, refrigerators, washing machines, steel furniture and the like. used.
  • a dedusting system which is generally designed in two stages and explosion-proof and usually consists of a cyclone pre-separator and a wet scrubber, which are connected downstream of the hammer crusher.
  • the size and suction performance of the dedusting system are unique determined solely by the high air output of the hammer rotor, which has so far not been accepted as being influenceable, and not by the output merely required for the amount of dust actually to be extracted. So far, this has led to the fact that the known dedusting systems not only have unnecessarily high energy consumption, but because of the oversizing, which is inevitably accepted, they are relatively expensive with, at the same time, relatively high noise pollution.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a hammer crusher of the type mentioned, which makes it possible to assign or connect dedusting systems that are not oversized but can be dimensioned according to the requirements arising from the amount of dust.
  • This object is achieved according to the invention on the basis of the basic idea of reducing the blower effect of the hammer rotor by dividing the shaft into at least two spaces one behind the other in the direction of rotation of the rotor.
  • the "additional shaft" adjacent to the actual shaft is created, the surprising effect of which is air recirculation or continuous circulation, so that the blower effect of the hammer breaker is minimized and therefore the dedusting system, which is generally connected downstream, is less and on the actual dust accumulation can be dimensioned.
  • a version with a horizontally mounted hammer rotor has proven particularly useful, in which the shaft is then located above the rotor and is covered with a preferably horizontal grading grate, which can also be curved.
  • the additional shaft space provided according to the invention is then not delimited by the classification grate but surrounds the hammer rotor in a width adapted to the rotor power over a certain circumferential angle range; it preferably extends from the exit of the goods to the entry of the goods.
  • the air connection to be provided between the two spaces is expediently achieved in the context of the invention by a baffle separating the spaces from one another, which extends at an angle to the grate plane from the edge of the grate facing the material inlet to close to the percussion circle of the rotor and in particular with openings or Breakthroughs are provided, which will be explained in detail.
  • a hammer rotor 2 which can be driven in the direction of rotation R is mounted horizontally with its axis 3. It is equipped in a manner known per se with the rotor hammers, which are not particularly shown here, as actual crushing tools, which can be pivoted freely about their respective suspension on the circumference of the rotor 2 in radial planes.
  • the dash-dotted circle 4 marks the so-called hammer impact circle 4 described by the outer edges of the rotor hammers.
  • the housing 1 has a material inlet 5 for the material to be reprocessed, for example car bodies, which are introduced into the housing 1 via the slope 6 in a state that is usually already highly compressed.
  • a classifying grate 7 which forms the product outlet is arranged above the hammer rotor 2 and still covers one through a discharge flap 8 for coarse parts which cannot be comminuted or only inadequately Baffle 9 to be explained in more detail and side walls (not designated in greater detail) formed a shaft 10 transversely to its axis.
  • a hood 11 above the grating 7 serves to collect and deflect the shredded scrap passing through the grate and is provided with a connection 11a for a dedusting system, not shown. Through a laterally located, lower opening 12 of the hood 11, the processed goods fall onto or into suitable transport devices.
  • the baffle 9 according to the invention is suspended or fastened directly below the classifying grate 7 in a slight inclined position in the housing 1 in such a way that it extends at an angle to the grate plane from the edge of the grate 7 facing the material inlet 5 to close to the impact circle 4.
  • the baffle 9 has openings or openings 13 which are described in more detail below.
  • the baffle 9 is slightly flared in the illustrated embodiment with its edge facing the rotor in the direction of the material inlet 5, the angle oC between the baffle surface 14 and a perpendicular to the plane of the grating 7 being chosen between approximately 10 0 and 30 ° can.
  • a further anvil edge 16 is provided for further comminution, namely on the edge of the baffle 9 facing the rotor; in this area there is also one of the end fastenings 17 of the baffle 9.
  • the openings or openings 13 passing through the baffle 9 should be dimensioned at least so that they also let through those pieces of scrap which are comminuted and / or compacted enough to pass through the grating 7.
  • the air flow is influenced particularly favorably in the sense of the invention if larger dimensions are selected for the openings 13. If a rectangular cross-section is selected for the openings 13, then it is expedient to give the long sides of the cross-sectional rectangles a minimum length of approximately 80 mm to 100 mm, depending on the material processed.
  • the sum of the inlet cross sections of the openings 13 should advantageously take up at least two thirds of the impact surface 14 of the baffle 9.
  • the openings 13 continuously expand from the impact surface 14 of the baffle 9 to the rear thereof.
  • Advantageous is in this case enclosed between two opposing panels 18, 19 of the openings 13 angle ⁇ in the range of 4 ° to 20 0, in particular between 6 ° and 16 ° chosen.
  • the openings widening towards the outlet in this way prevent crushed parts from jamming in the openings.
  • the impact wall 9 according to the invention in particular in connection with a housing wall 20 shaped approximately according to FIG a surprising, extremely beneficial effect.
  • a substantial part of the amount of air conveyed by the fan action of the hammer rotor 2 into the shaft 10 below the classifying grate 7 is through the openings 13 in the baffle 9 in the direction of rotation R of the rotor 2 into the housing wall 20, which partly also extends from the arch to the material inlet 5 enclosed space 21 behind the baffle 9 and from there into the area of the inlet 5, supported by the slight negative pressure prevailing here relative to the space 21.
  • the measures and features of the invention ensure that a substantial part of the air flow generated by the hammer rotor is conveyed in a circle through the baffle openings, namely initially into the space between the baffle and the inlet-side housing wall and from there again into the suction area of the hammer breaker at the material inlet. This reduces the amount of air sucked in from the outside and thus also the amount of air that has previously determined the dimensioning of the suction and blown off by the classifying grate.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
  • Electrophonic Musical Instruments (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)
  • Saccharide Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

Um bei einem Hammerbrecher, insbesondere zum Zerkleinern von Altmaterial, der aus einem mit einem Guteinlaß und einem mit einem Klassierrost (7) abgedeckten Gutaustritt (12) versehenen Gehäuse (1) besteht, in dem ein Hammerrotor (2) drehbar gelagert ist, Entstaubungsanlagen optimal an die tatsächlichen Bedürfnisse anpassen zu können, wird eine Unterteilung des im Bereich des Gutaustritts (12) vorgesehenen Schachtes (10) in mindestens zwei, in Rotordrehrichtung hintereinander liegende Räume (10, 21) vorgeschlagen.In a hammer crusher, in particular for shredding old material, which consists of a housing (1) provided with a material inlet and a material outlet (12) covered with a classifying grate (7) and in which a hammer rotor (2) is rotatably mounted, dust removal systems are optimal To be able to adapt to the actual needs, a subdivision of the shaft (10) provided in the area of the material outlet (12) into at least two rooms (10, 21) one behind the other in the direction of rotation of the rotor is proposed.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Hammerbrecher, insbesondere zum Zerkleinern von Altmaterial, vorzugsweise metallischem Schrott, bestehend aus einem Gehäuse mit einem Guteinlaß und einem mit einem Klassierrost abgedeckten, im Bereich eines Schachtes liegenden Gutaustritt sowie einem im Gehäuse drehbar gelagerten Hammerrotor.The invention relates to a hammer crusher, in particular for crushing old material, preferably metallic scrap, consisting of a housing with a material inlet and a material outlet covered with a classification grate, located in the region of a shaft, and a hammer rotor rotatably mounted in the housing.

Hammerbrecher dieser Art, beispielsweise in der DE-PS 1 272 091 dargestellt und beschrieben, werden in zunehmendem Maße zum Zerkleinern von Autokarosserien, Herden, Kühlschränken, Waschmaschinen, Stahlmöbeln u.dgl. verwendet.Hammer crushers of this type, for example shown and described in DE-PS 1 272 091, are increasingly being used to shred car bodies, stoves, refrigerators, washing machines, steel furniture and the like. used.

Da die Zerkleinerungswirkung der am Rotor schwenkbar gelagerten Hämmer bekanntlich wesentlich von deren Gewicht und ihrer Umlaufgeschwindigkeit abhängt, wählt man im Interesse eines guten Wirkungsgrades möglichst hohe Geschwindigkeiten von beispielsweise 55m/s und mehr. Dies führt dann dazu, daß der im Gehäuse umlaufende Rotor dem Hammerbrecher praktisch Eigenschaften eines Radialgebläses verleiht.Since the crushing effect of the hammers pivotally mounted on the rotor is known to depend significantly on their weight and their rotational speed, the highest possible speeds of, for example, 55 m / s and more are chosen in the interest of good efficiency. This then leads to the fact that the rotor rotating in the housing gives the hammer crusher practically the properties of a radial fan.

Zur Sicherstellung eines staubfreien Betriebes des Hammerbrechers muß dieser mit einer Entstaubungsanlage versehen sein, die im allgemeinen zweistufig und explosionsdruckfest ausgebildet ist und normalerweise aus einem Zyklonvorabscheider und einem Naßwäscher besteht, die dem Hammerbrecher nachgeschaltet sind. Bei den bisher bekannten Anlagen werden dabei die Größe und Absaugleistung der Entstaubungsanlage einzig und allein von der - bisher als nicht beeinflußbar akzeptierten - hohen Luftleistung des Hammerrotors und nicht von der für die eigentlich abzusaugende Staubmenge lediglich erforderlichen Leistung bestimmt. Dies hat bisher dazu geführt, daß die bekannten Entstaubungsanlagen nicht nur unnötig hohen Energieverbrauch besitzen sondern wegen der als unvermeidlich in Kauf genommenen Überdimensionierung relativ kostspielig sind bei gleichzeitig verhältnismäßig hoher Lärmbelästigung.To ensure dust-free operation of the hammer crusher, it must be provided with a dedusting system which is generally designed in two stages and explosion-proof and usually consists of a cyclone pre-separator and a wet scrubber, which are connected downstream of the hammer crusher. In the previously known systems, the size and suction performance of the dedusting system are unique determined solely by the high air output of the hammer rotor, which has so far not been accepted as being influenceable, and not by the output merely required for the amount of dust actually to be extracted. So far, this has led to the fact that the known dedusting systems not only have unnecessarily high energy consumption, but because of the oversizing, which is inevitably accepted, they are relatively expensive with, at the same time, relatively high noise pollution.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Hammerbrecher der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, der es ermöglicht, ihm Entstaubungsanlagen zuzuordnen bzw. nachzuschalten, die nicht überdimensioniert sind sondern entsprechend den sich aus dem Staubanfall ergebenden Erfordernissen bemessen werden können. Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß ausgehend von dem Grundgedanken der Reduzierung der Gebläsewirkung des Hammerrotors durch eine Unterteilung des Schachtes in mindestens zwei in Rotordrehrichtung hintereinander liegende Räume gelöst.The invention has for its object to provide a hammer crusher of the type mentioned, which makes it possible to assign or connect dedusting systems that are not oversized but can be dimensioned according to the requirements arising from the amount of dust. This object is achieved according to the invention on the basis of the basic idea of reducing the blower effect of the hammer rotor by dividing the shaft into at least two spaces one behind the other in the direction of rotation of the rotor.

Mit diesen Maßnahmen wird quasi ein dem eigentlichen Schacht benachbarter "Zusatzschacht" geschaffen, dessen überraschende Wirkung in einer Luftrückführung bzw. umlaufenden Weiterführung besteht, so daß die Gebläsewirkung des Hammerbrechers minimiert wird und daher die Entstaubungsanlage, die im allgemeinen nachgeschaltet wird, geringer und auf den tatsächlichen Staubanfall abgestellt dimensioniert werden kann.With these measures, the "additional shaft" adjacent to the actual shaft is created, the surprising effect of which is air recirculation or continuous circulation, so that the blower effect of the hammer breaker is minimized and therefore the dedusting system, which is generally connected downstream, is less and on the actual dust accumulation can be dimensioned.

Bei der Erfindung hat sich besonders eine Ausführung mit waagerecht gelagertem Hammerrotor bewährt, bei der sich dann der Schacht oberhalb vom Rotor befindet und mit einem vorzugsweise horizontalen Klassierrost abgedeckt ist, der auch bogenförmig sein kann. Dabei ist dann der zusätzliche, erfindungsgemäß vorgesehene Schachtraum nicht vom Klassierrost begrenzt sondern umgibt den Hammerrotor in einer der Rotorleistung angepaßten Breite über einen gewissen Umfangswinkelbereich; er erstreckt sich vorzugsweise vom Gutaustritt bis zum Guteinlaß.In the invention, a version with a horizontally mounted hammer rotor has proven particularly useful, in which the shaft is then located above the rotor and is covered with a preferably horizontal grading grate, which can also be curved. The additional shaft space provided according to the invention is then not delimited by the classification grate but surrounds the hammer rotor in a width adapted to the rotor power over a certain circumferential angle range; it preferably extends from the exit of the goods to the entry of the goods.

Die zwischen den beiden Räumen vorzusehende Luftverbindung wird im Rahmen der Erfindung zweckmäßig durch eine die Räume voneinander trennende Prallwand erreicht, die sich im Winkel zur Rostebene von dem dem Guteinlaß zugewandten Rand des Rostes bis nahe an den Schlagkreis des Rotors erstreckt und insbesondere mit Öffnungen bzw. Durchbrechungen versehen ist, die im einzelnen noch erläutert werden.The air connection to be provided between the two spaces is expediently achieved in the context of the invention by a baffle separating the spaces from one another, which extends at an angle to the grate plane from the edge of the grate facing the material inlet to close to the percussion circle of the rotor and in particular with openings or Breakthroughs are provided, which will be explained in detail.

Durch die erfindungsgemäße Gestaltung der Trennung zwischen den beiden Räumen des bei um eine horizontale Achse umlaufenden Hammerrotor oberhalb desselben liegenden Gehäusebereichs ergibt sich in weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung eine recht günstige Möglichkeit der außenseitigen Gestaltung des "Zusatzschachtes", indem eine nach außen gewölbte sich vom Rost bis zum Guteinlaß erstreckende Gehäusewand als äußere Begrenzung dient.By designing the separation between the two spaces according to the invention of the housing area lying above the same with a hammer rotor rotating around a horizontal axis, in a further embodiment of the invention there is a very favorable possibility of designing the outside of the “additional shaft” by an outwardly arching grate housing wall extending to the inlet serves as an outer boundary.

Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in Unteransprüchen angegeben.Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

Anhand der beiliegenden Zeichnung, die ein bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel zeigt, wird die Erfindung nachfolgend näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 einen Schnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung senkrecht zur Achse des Hammerrotors; und
  • Fig. 2 einen Schnitt durch ein Teilstück der erfindungsgemäßen Prallwand.
The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of the accompanying drawing, which shows a preferred exemplary embodiment. Show it:
  • 1 shows a section through a device according to the invention perpendicular to the axis of the hammer rotor. and
  • Fig. 2 shows a section through a section of the baffle according to the invention.

In einem Gehäuse 1 ist ein in Drehrichtung R antreibbarer Hammerrotor 2 mit seiner Achse 3 horizontal gelagert. Er ist in an sich bekannter Weise mit den hier nicht besonders dargestellten Rotorhämmern als eigentlichen Zerkleinerungswerkzeugen bestückt, die um ihre jeweilige Aufhängung am Umfang des Rotors 2 in radialen Ebenen frei schwenkbar sind. Der strichpunktierte Kreis 4 markiert den von den Außenkanten der Rotorhämmer beschriebenen sogenannten Hammerschlagkreis 4.In a housing 1, a hammer rotor 2 which can be driven in the direction of rotation R is mounted horizontally with its axis 3. It is equipped in a manner known per se with the rotor hammers, which are not particularly shown here, as actual crushing tools, which can be pivoted freely about their respective suspension on the circumference of the rotor 2 in radial planes. The dash-dotted circle 4 marks the so-called hammer impact circle 4 described by the outer edges of the rotor hammers.

Das Gehäuse 1 besitzt einen Guteinlaß 5 für das aufzubereitende Gut, beispielsweise Autokarosserien, die über die Schräge 6 in üblicherweise bereits stark komprimiertem Zustand in das Gehäuse 1 eingebracht werden, auf. Ein den Gutaustritt bildender Klassierrost 7 ist oberhalb des Hammerrotors 2 angeordnet und deckt einen durch eine Auswurfklappe 8 für nicht oder nur unzureichend zu zerkleinernde Grobteile, eine noch näher zu erläuternde Prallwand 9 und nicht näher bezeichnete Seitenwände gebildeten Schacht 10 quer zu seiner Achse ab. Eine Haube 11 oberhalb des Klassierrostes 7 dient zum Auffangen und Umlenken des den Rost passierenden, zerkleinerten Schrotts und ist mit einem Anschluß 11a für eine nicht dargestellte Entstaubungsanlage versehen. Durch eine seitlich gelegene, untere Öffnung 12 der Haube 11 fällt das aufbereitete Gut auf bzw. in geeignete Transporteinrichtungen.The housing 1 has a material inlet 5 for the material to be reprocessed, for example car bodies, which are introduced into the housing 1 via the slope 6 in a state that is usually already highly compressed. A classifying grate 7 which forms the product outlet is arranged above the hammer rotor 2 and still covers one through a discharge flap 8 for coarse parts which cannot be comminuted or only inadequately Baffle 9 to be explained in more detail and side walls (not designated in greater detail) formed a shaft 10 transversely to its axis. A hood 11 above the grating 7 serves to collect and deflect the shredded scrap passing through the grate and is provided with a connection 11a for a dedusting system, not shown. Through a laterally located, lower opening 12 of the hood 11, the processed goods fall onto or into suitable transport devices.

Die erfindungsgemäße Prallwand 9 ist unmittelbar unterhalb des Klassierrostes 7 in leichter Schräglage im Gehäuse 1 derart aufgehängt bzw. befestigt, daß sie sich im Winkel zur Rostebene von dem dem Guteinlaß 5 zugewandten Rand des Rostes 7 bis nahe an den Schlagkreis 4 erstreckt. Als wesentliches Merkmal weist die Prallwand 9 Durchbrechungen oder Öffnungen 13 auf, die weiter unten näher beschrieben werden.The baffle 9 according to the invention is suspended or fastened directly below the classifying grate 7 in a slight inclined position in the housing 1 in such a way that it extends at an angle to the grate plane from the edge of the grate 7 facing the material inlet 5 to close to the impact circle 4. As an essential feature, the baffle 9 has openings or openings 13 which are described in more detail below.

Die Prallwand 9 ist im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel mit ihrem dem Rotor zugekehrten Rand in Richtung auf den Guteinlaß 5 hin leicht ausgestellt, wobei der zwischen der Prallwandoberfläche 14 und einer Senkrechten auf die Ebene des Klassierrostes 7 eingeschlossene Winkel oC zwischen etwa 100 und 30° gewählt werden kann. Neben dem üblichen Amboß 15 am Guteinlaß ist noch eine weitere Amboßkante 16 zur Nachzerkleinerung vorgesehen, und zwar am dem Rotor zugekehrten Rand der Prallwand 9; in diesem Bereich befindet sich auch eine der endseitigen Befestigungen 17 der Prallwand 9.The baffle 9 is slightly flared in the illustrated embodiment with its edge facing the rotor in the direction of the material inlet 5, the angle oC between the baffle surface 14 and a perpendicular to the plane of the grating 7 being chosen between approximately 10 0 and 30 ° can. In addition to the usual anvil 15 at the material inlet, a further anvil edge 16 is provided for further comminution, namely on the edge of the baffle 9 facing the rotor; in this area there is also one of the end fastenings 17 of the baffle 9.

Die die Prallwand 9 durchsetzenden Durchbrechungen oder Öffnungen 13 sollen mindestens so bemessen sein, daß sie diejenigen Schrottstücke, welche genügend zerkleinert und/oder kompaktiert sind, um den Klassierrost 7 zu passieren, ebenfalls durchlassen. Die Luftführung wird dann im Sinne der Erfindung besonders günstig beeinflußt, wenn größere Abmessungen für die Öffnungen 13 gewählt werden. Wenn für die Durchbrechungen 13 ein rechteckiger Querschnitt gewählt wird, dann ist es zweckmäßig, den langen Seiten der Querschnittsrechtecke abhängig vom verarbeiteten Material eine Mindestlänge von etwa 80 mm bis 100 mm zu geben. Dabei soll vorteilhaft die Summe der Eintrittsquerschnitte der Öffnungen 13 mindestens zwei Drittel der Aufprallfläche 14 der Prallwand 9 einnehmen.The openings or openings 13 passing through the baffle 9 should be dimensioned at least so that they also let through those pieces of scrap which are comminuted and / or compacted enough to pass through the grating 7. The air flow is influenced particularly favorably in the sense of the invention if larger dimensions are selected for the openings 13. If a rectangular cross-section is selected for the openings 13, then it is expedient to give the long sides of the cross-sectional rectangles a minimum length of approximately 80 mm to 100 mm, depending on the material processed. The sum of the inlet cross sections of the openings 13 should advantageously take up at least two thirds of the impact surface 14 of the baffle 9.

Wie aus der einen Schnitt durch ein Teilstück der Prallwand 9 darstellenden Fig. 2 hervorgeht, erweitern sich die Durchbrechungen 13 von der Aufprallfläche 14 der Prallwand 9 zu deren Rückseite hin stetig. Vorteilhaft wird dabei der zwischen von zwei sich gegenüberliegenden Wandflächen 18, 19 der Durchbrechungen 13 eingeschlossene Winkel β im Bereich von 4° bis 200, insbesondere zwischen 6° und 16° gewählt. Durch die sich derart zum Auslaß hin erweiternden Öffnungen wird ein Verklemmen von zerkleinerten Teilen in den Öffnungen vermieden.As can be seen from the FIG. 2, which shows a section through a section of the baffle 9, the openings 13 continuously expand from the impact surface 14 of the baffle 9 to the rear thereof. Advantageous is in this case enclosed between two opposing panels 18, 19 of the openings 13 angle β in the range of 4 ° to 20 0, in particular between 6 ° and 16 ° chosen. The openings widening towards the outlet in this way prevent crushed parts from jamming in the openings.

Eine im Bogen vom Guteinlaß 5 zum Klassierrost 7 geführte, in Drehrichtung R hinter der Prallwand 9 verlaufende Gehäusewand 20 ermöglicht eine besonders gute Luftführung.A housing wall 20, which runs in an arc from the material inlet 5 to the classifying grate 7 and runs in the direction of rotation R behind the baffle wall 9, enables particularly good air guidance.

Durch die erfindungsgemäße Prallwand 9, insbesondere in Verbindung mit einer etwa gemäß Fig. 1 geformten Gehäusewand 20 im Bereich des Guteinlasses 5 ergibt sich eine überraschende, äußerst vorteilhafte Wirkung. Ein wesentlicher Teil der durch die Ventilatorwirkung des Hammerrotors 2 in den Schacht 10 unterhalb des Klassierrostes 7 geförderten Luftmenge wird nämlich durch die Öffnungen 13 in der Prallwand 9 in Drehrichtung R des Rotors 2 in den teilweise auch von der im Bogen zum Guteinlaß 5 verlaufenden Gehäusewand 20 umschlossenen Raum 21 hinter der Prallwand 9 und von dort in den Bereich des Guteinlasses 5 geführt, unterstützt durch den hier gegenüber dem Raum 21 herrschenden leichten Unterdruck.The impact wall 9 according to the invention, in particular in connection with a housing wall 20 shaped approximately according to FIG a surprising, extremely beneficial effect. A substantial part of the amount of air conveyed by the fan action of the hammer rotor 2 into the shaft 10 below the classifying grate 7 is through the openings 13 in the baffle 9 in the direction of rotation R of the rotor 2 into the housing wall 20, which partly also extends from the arch to the material inlet 5 enclosed space 21 behind the baffle 9 and from there into the area of the inlet 5, supported by the slight negative pressure prevailing here relative to the space 21.

Durch die erfindungsgemäßen Maßnahmen und Merkmale wird erreicht, daß durch die Prallwandöffnungen ein wesentlicher Teil des durch den Hammerrotor erzeugten Luftstroms im Kreis gefördert wird, nämlich zunächst in den Raum zwischen Prallwand und einlaßseitiger Gehäusewand und von dort wieder in den Ansaugbereich des Hammerbrechers am Guteinlaß. Dadurch verringert sich die von außen angesaugte Luftmenge und damit auch die Menge der bisher die Bemessung der Absaugung bestimmenden, durch den Klassierrost abgeblasenen Luft.The measures and features of the invention ensure that a substantial part of the air flow generated by the hammer rotor is conveyed in a circle through the baffle openings, namely initially into the space between the baffle and the inlet-side housing wall and from there again into the suction area of the hammer breaker at the material inlet. This reduces the amount of air sucked in from the outside and thus also the amount of air that has previously determined the dimensioning of the suction and blown off by the classifying grate.

Claims (18)

1. Hammerbrecher, insbesondere zum Zerkleinern von Altmaterial, bestehend aus einem Gehäuse mit einem Guteinlaß und einem mit einem Klassierrost abgedeckten, im Bereich eines Schachtes liegenden Austritt sowie einem im Gehäuse drehbar gelagerten Hammerrotor, gekennzeichnet durch eine Unterteilung des Schachtes in mindestens zwei in Rotordrehrichtung (R) hintereinander liegende Räume (10, 21).1. Hammer crusher, in particular for crushing old material, consisting of a housing with a good inlet and an outlet covered with a classifying grate, located in the area of a shaft, and a hammer rotor rotatably mounted in the housing, characterized by a division of the shaft into at least two in the direction of rotor rotation ( R) successive rooms (10, 21). 2. Hammerbrecher nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei waagerecht gelagertem Hammerrotor (2) der Schacht (10, 21) sich oberhalb vom Rotor (2) befindet und mit einem Klassierrost (7) abgedeckt ist.2. Hammer crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that when the hammer rotor (2) is mounted horizontally, the shaft (10, 21) is located above the rotor (2) and is covered with a classifying grate (7). 3. Hammerbrecher nach Anspruch 2, gekennzeichnet durch einen horizontalen Klassierrost (7).3. Hammer crusher according to claim 2, characterized by a horizontal grading grate (7). 4. Hammerbrecher nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, gekennzeichnet durch einen bogenförmigen Klassierrost (7).4. Hammer crusher according to claim 2 or 3, characterized by an arcuate grating (7). 5. Hammerbrecher nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Räume (10 und 21) durch eine Prallwand (9) voneinander getrennt sind.5. Hammer crusher according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the rooms (10 and 21) are separated from one another by a baffle (9). 6. Hammerbrecher nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Prallwand (9) vom Klassierrost (7) bis dicht an den von den Außenkanten der Rotorhämmer beschriebenen Hammerschlagkreis (4) reicht.6. Hammer crusher according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the baffle (9) from the grating (7) to close to the hammer impact circle (4) described by the outer edges of the rotor hammers. 7. Hammerbrecher nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich die Prallwand (9) im Winkel zur Rostebene von dem dem Guteinlaß (5) zugewandten Rand des Rostes (7) bis nahe an den Schlagkreis (4) des Rotors (2) erstreckt.7. Hammer crusher according to claim 6, characterized in that the baffle (9) extends at an angle to the grate plane from the material inlet (5) facing edge of the grate (7) to close to the impact circle (4) of the rotor (2). 8. Hammerbrecher nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die mit Öffnungen (13) durchsetzte Prallwand (9) nahezu senkrecht zur Ebene des Klassierrostes (7) so angeordnet ist, daß die senkrechte Projektion der Prallwand (9) auf die Ebene des Klassierrostes (7) außerhalb dessen Durchtrittsfläche liegt.8. Hammer crusher according to one or more of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the baffle wall (9) interspersed with openings (13) is arranged almost perpendicular to the plane of the grating (7) so that the vertical projection of the baffle wall (9) to the level of the grating (7) outside of the passage area. 9. Hammerbrecher nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Eintrittsquerschnitte der Öffnungen (13) in der Prallwand (9) mindestens zwei Drittel der Aufprallfläche einnehmen.9. Hammer crusher according to one or more of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the inlet cross-sections of the openings (13) in the baffle (9) occupy at least two thirds of the impact surface. 10. Hammerbrecher nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die dem Guteinlaß (5) benachbarte Gehäusewand (20) vom Guteinlaß (5) ausgehend im wesentlichen im Bogen bis zum Klassierrost (7) geführt ist und einen freien, zum Guteinlaß (5) hin offenen Raum (21) zwischen sich (20), der Rückseite der Prallwand (9) und dem Rotor (2) umschließt.10. Hammer crusher according to one or more of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the housing inlet (5) adjacent to the material inlet (5) is guided from the material inlet (5) essentially in an arc to the grating (7) and has a free, to the good inlet (5) open space (21) between itself (20), the back of the baffle (9) and the Encloses the rotor (2). 11. Hammerbrecher nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Prallwand (9) mit einer durch ihre dicht am Klassierrost (7) liegende im wesentlichen horizontale Kante gehenden, senkrecht zur Ebene des Klassierrosts (7) stehenden Ebene einen von der Rotorachse (3) weg weisenden Winkel ( α ) von ca. 10° bis 300 einschließt.11. Hammer crusher according to one or more of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the baffle (9) with a through its close to the grating (7) lying substantially horizontal edge, perpendicular to the plane of the grating (7) standing plane Includes from the rotor axis (3) away angle (α) of about 10 ° to 30 0 . 12. Hammerbrecher nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Prallwand (9) als Gitterrost mit von ihrer Aufprallseite zu ihrer Rückseite hin sich stetig erweiternden Durchbrechungen (13) ausgebildet ist.12. Hammer crusher according to one or more of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the baffle (9) is designed as a grating with perforations (13) which continuously widen from their impact side to their rear. 13. Hammerbrecher nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Durchbrechungen (13) rechteckigen Querschnitt aufweisen.13. Hammer crusher according to claim 12, characterized in that the openings (13) have a rectangular cross section. 14. Hammerbrecher nach Anspruch 12 oder 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die längeren Seiten der Rechtecke, auf der Aufprallseite gemessen, mindestens ca. 80 mm lang sind.14. Hammer crusher according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the longer sides of the rectangles, measured on the impact side, are at least about 80 mm long. 15. Hammerbrecher nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 12 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die längeren Seiten der Rechteckquerschnitte senkrecht zu den im wesentlichen horizontalen Kanten der Prallwand (9) verlaufen.15. Hammer crusher according to one or more of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that the longer sides of the rectangular cross sections run perpendicular to the substantially horizontal edges of the baffle (9). 16. Hammerbrecher nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 12 bis 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die kleinsten Seitendurchmesser der eintrittsseitigen Querschnitte der Durchbrechungen (13) je nach verarbeitetem Material mindestens 40 mm bis 100 mm lang sind.16. Hammer crusher according to one or more of claims 12 to 15, characterized in that the smallest side diameters of the cross sections of the openings (13) on the inlet side are at least 40 mm to 100 mm long, depending on the material processed. 17. Hammerbrecher nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 12 bis 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die jeweils gegenüberliegenden Wandflächen (18, 19) der Durchbrechungen oder Öffnungen (13) zwischen sich einen Winkel (25) von mindestens 4° und höchstens 20° einschließen.17. Hammer crusher according to one or more of claims 12 to 16, characterized in that the respective opposite wall surfaces (18, 19) of the openings or openings (13) enclose between them an angle (25) of at least 4 ° and at most 20 °. 18. Hammerbrecher nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 12 bis 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die jeweils gegenüberliegenden Wandflächen der Durchbrechungen oder Öffnungen (13) zwischen sich einen Winkel von 6° bis 16° einschließen.18. Hammer crusher according to one or more of claims 12 to 17, characterized in that the respective opposite wall surfaces of the openings or openings (13) enclose an angle of 6 ° to 16 ° between them.
EP83108623A 1982-09-14 1983-09-01 Hammer mill Expired EP0103240B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83108623T ATE30854T1 (en) 1982-09-14 1983-09-01 HAMMER BREAKER.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19823233985 DE3233985A1 (en) 1982-09-14 1982-09-14 HAMMER CRUSHER
DE3233985 1982-09-14

Publications (3)

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EP0103240A2 true EP0103240A2 (en) 1984-03-21
EP0103240A3 EP0103240A3 (en) 1985-10-02
EP0103240B1 EP0103240B1 (en) 1987-11-19

Family

ID=6173140

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EP83108623A Expired EP0103240B1 (en) 1982-09-14 1983-09-01 Hammer mill

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Country Link
US (1) US4542856A (en)
EP (1) EP0103240B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS5966359A (en)
AT (1) ATE30854T1 (en)
AU (1) AU567506B2 (en)
DE (2) DE3233985A1 (en)
ES (1) ES525561A0 (en)

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FR2713107A1 (en) * 1993-11-30 1995-06-09 Ferrailles Cie Fse Automobile bodywork grinder
WO2000007730A1 (en) * 1998-08-07 2000-02-17 Svedala Lindemann Gmbh Method for operating the air circuit and conveying stock flow in the casing of a hammer mill

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DE3431658C1 (en) * 1984-08-29 1986-01-23 Thyssen Industrie Ag, 4300 Essen Formation of the working gap in a shredding machine with a horizontally arranged hammer breaker rotor
DE3839341A1 (en) * 1988-11-22 1990-05-23 Orenstein & Koppel Ag Method and device for the universal comminution and cutting of materials
US5244158A (en) * 1990-08-02 1993-09-14 Popovich Paul D Scrap processor
US5881959A (en) * 1995-05-04 1999-03-16 Cmi Corporation Materials grinder with infeed conveyor and anvil
EP2300167A4 (en) * 2008-05-27 2013-04-03 Polycorp Ltd Discharge end liner
CA2732083C (en) * 2008-08-01 2017-01-10 Polycorp Ltd. Unidirectional discharge grate assembly
CA2833700C (en) 2012-11-22 2020-11-24 Polycorp Ltd. Discharge grate assembly
CN104492544A (en) * 2014-12-18 2015-04-08 天津汉德威药业有限公司 Special crusher
CN107694135B (en) * 2017-11-13 2021-09-14 昆明特康科技有限公司 Grinding machine for drying and pulverizing high-humidity high-viscosity materials and application method thereof
ES1209238Y (en) * 2018-03-07 2018-07-03 Talleres Zb S A IMPROVED FRAGMENTATION DEVICE FOR A FRAGMENTER OF METAL MATERIALS
CN108855536A (en) * 2018-06-21 2018-11-23 南京达迈科技实业有限公司 A kind of nickel alloy disintegrating apparatus

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DE1272091B (en) * 1965-03-18 1968-07-04 Alton S Newell Hammer crusher for crushing waste, especially metallic objects
DE2126895A1 (en) * 1971-05-29 1972-11-30 Klöckner-Humboldt-Deutz AG, 5000 Köln Mill drying plant
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2713107A1 (en) * 1993-11-30 1995-06-09 Ferrailles Cie Fse Automobile bodywork grinder
WO2000007730A1 (en) * 1998-08-07 2000-02-17 Svedala Lindemann Gmbh Method for operating the air circuit and conveying stock flow in the casing of a hammer mill
US6648253B1 (en) 1998-08-07 2003-11-18 Metso Lindemann Gmbh Method for operating the air circuit and conveying stock flow in the casing of a hammer mill

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0103240A3 (en) 1985-10-02
US4542856A (en) 1985-09-24
ES8405292A1 (en) 1984-06-01
EP0103240B1 (en) 1987-11-19
AU1898483A (en) 1984-03-22
DE3233985A1 (en) 1984-03-15
JPS5966359A (en) 1984-04-14
DE3374523D1 (en) 1987-12-23
AU567506B2 (en) 1987-11-26
ATE30854T1 (en) 1987-12-15
ES525561A0 (en) 1984-06-01

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