EP0099383A1 - Furnace for preheating elongate materials. - Google Patents

Furnace for preheating elongate materials.

Info

Publication number
EP0099383A1
EP0099383A1 EP83900423A EP83900423A EP0099383A1 EP 0099383 A1 EP0099383 A1 EP 0099383A1 EP 83900423 A EP83900423 A EP 83900423A EP 83900423 A EP83900423 A EP 83900423A EP 0099383 A1 EP0099383 A1 EP 0099383A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hearth
heating furnace
burners
tunnel
shells
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP83900423A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0099383B1 (en
Inventor
Friedrich Wilhelm Elhaus
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT83900423T priority Critical patent/ATE20280T1/en
Publication of EP0099383A1 publication Critical patent/EP0099383A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0099383B1 publication Critical patent/EP0099383B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/14—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
    • F27B9/20—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0075—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rods of limited length

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heating furnace for elongated goods, such as bars, blocks, bars or the like. , made of metal, in particular aluminum or aluminum alloys, with a hearth tunnel formed from continuous or segment-wise refractory, in particular thin-walled shells, which passes through the shell walls and heating elements, such as burners, hot gas nozzles or the like, which can be heated to that in the hearth tunnel longitudinally used material is directed to its direct application, as well as with an exhaust gas duct arranged in the upper furnace area.
  • a heating furnace for elongated goods such as bars, blocks, bars or the like.
  • the thin-walled hearth shells are inserted into the furnace structure without heat insulation. This leads to heat losses, in particular due to radiation from the outer walls of the hearth shells.
  • the exhaust gas is extracted into the exhaust duct through a gap at the top of the hearth tunnel. Heat is lost when the gas travels between the hearth tunnel and the exhaust duct. Therefore, the efficiency of the known furnace is low.
  • the known construction is complicated and high due to the separate arrangement of the exhaust gas duct above the hearth tunnel.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a heating furnace of the type mentioned so that the energy supplied for heating is used more effectively with a simple, compact construction.
  • the invention provides that the hearth tunnel is integrated in a heat insulation having 'exhaust passage.
  • the thermal insulation of the exhaust gas duct covers the hearth shells of the hearth tunnel from the outside at least in their central area, so that the lower areas of the hearth shells remain free for assembly and maintenance purposes.
  • a significantly improved energy efficiency e is due to the fact that the exhaust gas without any heat loss from the hearth tunnel, for example through the upper gap between the. vertical cooker halves into which the exhaust duct is transferred. Due to the construction according to the invention, the middle and upper area of the hearth tunnel is through the exhaust duct itself, ie. H. sufficient thermal insulation without any additional measures. Thermal insulation of the lower part of the tunnel is deliberately dispensed with in favor of better accessibility for assembly and maintenance purposes. According to the inventor's knowledge, the losses of radiant heat in the lower areas of the cooker shells are relatively small. The omission of heat insulation in these lower areas is very advantageous because of the space for the reception and access! Safety of units, such as burners, support frames for the cooker trays, and the conveyor for the goods to be heated remains.
  • the isolating parts can protrude vertically from the support parts or nestle against the upper areas of the hob shells.
  • a further development of the invention which is particularly advantageous with regard to simple assembly and disassembly is characterized in that the heat insulation is supported by support parts which are fixedly attached to a support frame of the oven and has removable insulating parts arranged above it, the lower ones of which the side of the hearth shells support and isolate.
  • the burners of the upper burner rows penetrate removable insulating parts, while the burners of the lower burner rows e > are provided in the lower, non-heat-insulated area of the hob shells, and that each insulating part penetrated by burners has the same * length as the corresponding segments of the hob shells.
  • the invention provides that all burner rows open into the hearth tunnel below the heat insulation and that the exhaust duct is designed as a removable assembly unit.
  • This version is in terms of a simple assembly 'maintenance and training 10 exchange the oven trays particularly favorable, because the exhaust duct as a whole can be removed so that an exchange of individual or' oven trays is easily possible.
  • the hot exhaust gas 15 is conducted from the flue gas duct into a preheating zone of the preheating furnace or another furnace for preheating the material (DE-OS 2637646.L, which ensures particularly economical fuel utilization.
  • a preheating zone of the preheating furnace or another furnace for preheating the material DE-OS 2637646.L, which ensures particularly economical fuel utilization.
  • Advantageous in this context is one Qfen embark., in which the 'Anchenrmofen with its exhaust gases a pre scarf eten beAlb precalciner 20 of the exhaust gas via at least one fan to at least one of he Rei ⁇ along the Good arranged Schl.itzriüsen leads and deflected onto the product through this.
  • the construction according to the invention is particularly advantageous if the furnace space of the heating furnace is subdivided into a plurality of heating and control zones which are connected via the common flue gas duct. If individual zones are switched off when the target temperature is reached, they will be switched through the other zones despite the connection
  • the flue gases only flow longitudinally in the upper p. 30 area in the common flue gas duct, advantageously in a preheating zone or for preheating the material in an upstream preheating furnace 3 in this way in a group of furnaces from the preheating furnace and the preheating furnace connected in series the 'heat - :. nhalt optimum use of the fuel.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross section along the line I-I in Figure 3 by a first embodiment of a heating furnace according to the invention.
  • FIG. 3 shows a partially sectioned side view through a furnace group comprising a preheating furnace and an upstream preheating furnace according to an embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 4 shows a section along the line IV-IV in Fig. 3 by a
  • Preheating furnace of the furnace group which is connected upstream of a heating furnace according to FIGS. 1 or 2.
  • the heating furnaces shown have a support frame 10 made of a steel structure.
  • a double-strand conveyor chain 13 with attached support devices 12 for the material 1 to be heated such as
  • Rods or bars are provided which intermittently transport the material through the cylindrical hearth tunnel 15 formed by half-cylindrical hearth shell halves 14.
  • the stove peels 14 are in their lower
  • only one burner row with pre-burners 18 arranged in longitudinal rows perpendicular to the plane of the drawing are provided per hearth bowl row 14.
  • the burners 1 & have burner nozzles 20 which protrude through openings 21 of the hearth shells into the cylindrical hearth tunnel 15 and act directly on the material.
  • the burners 18 are arranged in such a way that when the material 1 of different diameters is warmed up, good use of the surface for heat transfer and rotationally symmetrical temperature distribution over the cross section of the material is achieved.
  • the burner nozzles 20 are set in their performance so that the desired temperature distribution is generated.
  • hot gas nozzles can also be provided for heating, which act on the material 1, for example with hot air, which can be heated electrically in a known manner.
  • the exhaust gases leave the hearth space 15 upwards through a longitudinal gap 30 formed by the hearth shell halves 14 at the spacers 17, from which they pass directly into an exhaust gas channel 32 via a vertical channel 31. From this, the exhaust gas is conveyed into a preheating zone (not shown) for the material 1, which precedes the preheating furnace, for. B. sucked by means of fans, not shown. From the- gas duct has thermal insulation, the lower insulating parts 54 of which extend over the entire length of the furnace, leave a gap for the hearth tunnel 15 and can be placed on the middle regions of the hearth shells 14 from the outside.
  • the lower insulating parts 54 are supported by supports 52 which are fixedly attached to the support frame 10.
  • the main or upper section of the exhaust duct 32 is formed by two vertical insulating parts 56 and an upper insulating part 58 which is integral therewith.
  • the insulating parts 56, 58 of the upper part also extend over the entire length of the furnace.
  • the main section 56, 58 can thus be removed as a whole.
  • the hearth shells 14 are then held laterally by the lower insulating parts 54, but after removal of the spacers 17 can be removed individually by gently pivoting inward about the respective pivot point on the mounting rails 16 for replacement.
  • the heat insulation has e.g. B. two layers, of which the inner consists of good heat-insulating but poorly storing ceramic fibers, while the outer layer, which is in the range of lower temperatures, consists of mineral fibers.
  • FIG. 2 differs from that according to FIG. 1 only in that in addition to the lower row of burners 18, an upper row of burners 19 is provided for each range of stoves.
  • An adjustable throttle valve 24 is arranged in the fuel feed line 23 in order to set the upper burners in relation to the lower burners.
  • the additional upper rows of burners require the interposition of vertical isolating parts 59, which are divided into segments corresponding to the hearth shells 14, between the lower isolating parts 54 extending over the entire length of the furnace and the main or upper part of the exhaust channel 32, the insulating parts 60, 62, 64, in turn, a composite ⁇ continuous, uniform whole constitute as wegappelbares piece.
  • piece 60, 62, 64 must be lifted off.
  • the corresponding insulating parts 59 must be removed so that the associated hearths 14 can be replaced after removing the spacers as in the embodiment according to FIG. 1.
  • the somewhat more complicated structure in comparison with FIG. 1 is the price for the higher uniformity of the heating of the material achieved.
  • Fig. 3 shows in the right half a side view of a preheating furnace designated here by 90 according to Fig. 1 or Fig. 2 and in the left half a pre-preheating furnace which is heated by the exhaust gases of the preheating furnace.
  • the exhaust gas duct 32 opens out via an opening 33 in the right-hand end wall 34 in FIG. 3 of the preheating furnace, which is designated overall by the reference number 40 and is shown in more detail in FIG. 4.
  • the material 1 is conveyed through treatment rooms 45 of each circulation zone 4 by means of the double-strand conveyor chain 13 in the transport direction T, which passes through both ovens 40, 90.
  • the exhaust gas is then sucked out of the treatment rooms 45 by means of the fans 43 and recirculated or discharged through a fume hood 46.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)

Abstract

Un four de préchauffage de matériaux allongés, notamment des tiges, barres ou autres en alliage léger, contenant un foyer en forme de tunnel (15) composé de soles concaves (14) où le matériau (1) à préchauffer est introduit. Au moins sur leur partie moyenne, les soles concaves sont recouvertes d'une isolation thermique qui comprend des parties isolantes (54, 56) amovibles. Les parties isolantes (54, 56) sont repliées vers le haut au-dessus des soles concaves (14) et forment un canal d'échappement (32) dans lequel est intégré le foyer en forme de tunnel. L'on obtient ainsi une isolation thermique du four de préchauffage facile à monter et à démonter, ce qui améliore considérablement l'utilisation de l'énergie de chauffage.An oven for preheating elongated materials, in particular rods, bars or other light alloy, containing a tunnel-shaped hearth (15) composed of concave hearths (14) where the material (1) to be preheated is introduced. At least on their middle part, the concave soles are covered with a thermal insulation which comprises insulating parts (54, 56) removable. The insulating parts (54, 56) are folded upwards above the concave floors (14) and form an exhaust channel (32) into which the tunnel-shaped hearth is integrated. This provides thermal insulation of the preheating furnace which is easy to assemble and disassemble, which considerably improves the use of heating energy.

Description

-/- - / -
Anwärmofen für langgestrecktes GutHeating furnace for elongated goods
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Anwärmofen für langgestrecktes Gut, wi Stangen, Blöcke, Barren oder dgl . , aus Metall, insbesondere Alumini oder Aluminiumlegierungen, mit einem aus durchgehenden oder segment weise aneinandergefügten feuerfesten, insbesondere dünnwandigen Her schalen gebildeten Herdtunnel, der über die Schalenwandungen durch¬ setzende Heizelemente, wie Brenner, Heißgasdüsen oder dgl_, beheiz¬ bar ist, welche auf das in den Herdtuπnel längsgerichtet eingesetzte Gut zu dessen direkten Beaufschlagung gerichtet sind, sowie mit eine im oberen Ofenbereich angeordneten Abgaskanal.The invention relates to a heating furnace for elongated goods, such as bars, blocks, bars or the like. , made of metal, in particular aluminum or aluminum alloys, with a hearth tunnel formed from continuous or segment-wise refractory, in particular thin-walled shells, which passes through the shell walls and heating elements, such as burners, hot gas nozzles or the like, which can be heated to that in the hearth tunnel longitudinally used material is directed to its direct application, as well as with an exhaust gas duct arranged in the upper furnace area.
Bei einem bekannten Ofen dieser Art {DE-PS 18 07 504) sind die dünn¬ wandigen Herdschalen ohne Wärmeisolation in die Ofenkonstruktion ein gesetzt. Dies führt zu Wärmeverlusten insbesondere durch Abstrahlung der Außenwände der Herdschalen. Das Abgas wird über einen Spalt oben im Herdtunnel in den Abgaskanal abgesaugt. Bei dem Weg des Gases zwi Herdtunnel und Abgaskanal geht Wärme verloren. Deshalb ist der Wirku grad des bekannten Ofens niedrig. Zudem ist die bekannte Konstruktio aufgrund der getrennten Anordnung des Abgaskanals oberhalb des Herd¬ tunnels kompliziert und baut hoch.In a known furnace of this type (DE-PS 18 07 504), the thin-walled hearth shells are inserted into the furnace structure without heat insulation. This leads to heat losses, in particular due to radiation from the outer walls of the hearth shells. The exhaust gas is extracted into the exhaust duct through a gap at the top of the hearth tunnel. Heat is lost when the gas travels between the hearth tunnel and the exhaust duct. Therefore, the efficiency of the known furnace is low. In addition, the known construction is complicated and high due to the separate arrangement of the exhaust gas duct above the hearth tunnel.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Anwärmofen der eingan genannten Art so auszubilden, daß die zum Heizen zugeführte Energie bei einfacher, kompakter Konstruktion effektvoller ausgenutzt wird.The invention has for its object to provide a heating furnace of the type mentioned so that the energy supplied for heating is used more effectively with a simple, compact construction.
Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist bei einem Anwärmofen der eingangs ge¬ nannten Art erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, daß der Herdtunnel in den ein Wärmeisolierung aufweisenden 'Abgaskanal integriert ist. Vorzugsweise deckt dabei die Wärmeisolierung des Abgaskanals die Herdschalen des Herdtunnels mindestens in ihrem mittleren Bereich von außen ab, so daß die unteren Bereiche der Herdschalen zu Montage- und Wartungs¬ zwecken freibleiben.To achieve this object of the type named at a ge Anwärmofen the invention provides that the hearth tunnel is integrated in a heat insulation having 'exhaust passage. Preferably The thermal insulation of the exhaust gas duct covers the hearth shells of the hearth tunnel from the outside at least in their central area, so that the lower areas of the hearth shells remain free for assembly and maintenance purposes.
Daß mit der Erfindung eine erheblich verbesserte Energieausnutzung e reicht wird, ist auf die Tatsache zurückzuführen, daß das Abgas ohne jede Wärmeverluste aus dem Herdtunnel, beispielsweise über den oberen Spalt zwischen den. vertikal stehenden Herdschalenhälften ,in den Ab- gaskanal überführt wird. Aufgrund der erfindungsgemäßen Konstruktion ist der mittlere und obere Bereich des Herdtunnels durch den Abgas¬ kanal selbst, d. h. ohne jegliche zusätzlichen Maßnahmen, ausreiche wärmeisol ert. Auf eine Wärmeisolierung des unteren Bereiches des He tunnels ist dabei bewußt zugunsten besserer Zugänglichkeit zu Montag und Wartungszwecken verzichtet. Nach Erkenntnissen des Erfinders sin die Verluste an abstrahlender Wärme in den unteren Bereichen der Herdschalen verhältnismäßig gering. Das Weglassen einer Wärmeisolier in diesen unteren Bereichen ist sehr vorteilhaft, weil Raum für die Aufnahme und Zugang! ichkeit von Aggregaten, wie Brenner, Stützgestell für die Herdschalen, und die Fördervorrichtung für das anzuwärmende Gut verbleibt.That with the invention a significantly improved energy efficiency e is due to the fact that the exhaust gas without any heat loss from the hearth tunnel, for example through the upper gap between the. vertical cooker halves into which the exhaust duct is transferred. Due to the construction according to the invention, the middle and upper area of the hearth tunnel is through the exhaust duct itself, ie. H. sufficient thermal insulation without any additional measures. Thermal insulation of the lower part of the tunnel is deliberately dispensed with in favor of better accessibility for assembly and maintenance purposes. According to the inventor's knowledge, the losses of radiant heat in the lower areas of the cooker shells are relatively small. The omission of heat insulation in these lower areas is very advantageous because of the space for the reception and access! Safety of units, such as burners, support frames for the cooker trays, and the conveyor for the goods to be heated remains.
Die Isol erteile können vertikal von den Abstützteilen nach oben rage oder sich an d-ϊe oberen Bereiche der Herdschalen anschmiegen.The isolating parts can protrude vertically from the support parts or nestle against the upper areas of the hob shells.
Eine hinsichtlich einer einfachen Montage und Demontage besonders vorteilhafte Weiterbildung der Erfindung kennzeichnet sich dadurch, daß die Wärmeisolierung -von an ei-nem Stützgestell des Ofens ortsfest brachten Abstützteilen unterstützt ist und darüber angeordnete, wegnehmbare Isolierteile aufweist, von denen die unteren die Herd- schalen seitlich abstützen und isolieren.A further development of the invention which is particularly advantageous with regard to simple assembly and disassembly is characterized in that the heat insulation is supported by support parts which are fixedly attached to a support frame of the oven and has removable insulating parts arranged above it, the lower ones of which the side of the hearth shells support and isolate.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführung der Erfindung, bei der untere und obere Brennerreihen über den Umfang des* Herdtunnels verteilt ange- ordnet sind, ist hierbei vorgesehen, daß die Brenner der oberen Brenn reihen wegnehmbare Isolierteile durchsetzen, während die Brenner der unteren Brennerreihen e> im unteren, nicht wärmeisolierten Bereich der Herdschalen vorgesehen sind, und daß jedes von Brennern durchsetzte Isolierteil gleiche * Länge wie entsprechende Segmente der Herdschalen hat.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, in which the lower and upper burner rows are arranged distributed over the circumference of the hearth tunnel, it is provided here that the burners of the upper burner rows penetrate removable insulating parts, while the burners of the lower burner rows e > are provided in the lower, non-heat-insulated area of the hob shells, and that each insulating part penetrated by burners has the same * length as the corresponding segments of the hob shells.
5 Sind nur untere Brennerreihen erforderlich, so ist gemäß einer andere Weiterbildung άer Erfindung vorgesehen, daß sämtliche Brennerreihen unterhalb der Wärmeisolierung in den Herdtunnel münden und daß der Abgaskanal als entfernbare Montageeinheit ausgebildet ist. Diese Ausführung ist hinsichtlich einer einfachen Montage' Wartung bzw. Aus- 10 tausch der Herdschalen besonders günstig, denn der Abgaskanal kann als Ganzes entfernt werden, so daß ein Austausch der oder einzelner ' Herdschalen leicht möglich ist.5 If only lower burner rows are required, then according to another development, the invention provides that all burner rows open into the hearth tunnel below the heat insulation and that the exhaust duct is designed as a removable assembly unit. This version is in terms of a simple assembly 'maintenance and training 10 exchange the oven trays particularly favorable, because the exhaust duct as a whole can be removed so that an exchange of individual or' oven trays is easily possible.
Bei neueren Anwärmofen der beschriebenen Bauart wird das heiße Abgas 15 vom Abgaskanal in eine Vorwärmzone des Anwärmofens oder eines weitere Ofens zum Vorwärmen des Gutes geleitet (DE-OS 2637646.L wodurch eine besonders ökonomische BrennstoffVerwertung sichergestellt wird. Vor¬ teilhaft ist in diesem Zusammenhang eine Qfengruppe., bei welcher der 'Anwärmofen mit seinen Abgasen einen vorgeschal eten Vorwärmofen beheiz 20 der das Abgas über mindestens einen Ventilator zu mindestens einer Rei¬ he von längs dem Gut angeordneten Schl.itzriüsen führt und über diese auf das Gut lenkt.In newer preheating furnaces of the type described, the hot exhaust gas 15 is conducted from the flue gas duct into a preheating zone of the preheating furnace or another furnace for preheating the material (DE-OS 2637646.L, which ensures particularly economical fuel utilization. Advantageous in this context is one Qfengruppe., in which the 'Anwärmofen with its exhaust gases a pre scarf eten beheiz precalciner 20 of the exhaust gas via at least one fan to at least one of he Rei¬ along the Good arranged Schl.itzriüsen leads and deflected onto the product through this.
Besonders vorteilhaft ist die Konstruktion nach der Erfindung, wenn 25 der Ofenraum des Anwärmofens in mehrere Heiz- und Regelzonen unter¬ teilt ist, die über den gemeinsamen Abgaskanal in Verbindung stehen. Wenn bei Erreichen der Solltemperatur einzelne Zonen ausgeschaltet sind, werden sie durch die übrigen Zonen trotz der Verbindung überThe construction according to the invention is particularly advantageous if the furnace space of the heating furnace is subdivided into a plurality of heating and control zones which are connected via the common flue gas duct. If individual zones are switched off when the target temperature is reached, they will be switched through the other zones despite the connection
*« den Abgaskanal nicht beeinflußt; die Rauchgase strömen nur im oberen S. 30 Bereich in dem gemeinsamen Abgaskanal in Längsrichtung ab_, und zwar vorteilhaft in eine Vorwärmzone oder zum Vorwärmen des Gutes in einen vorgeschalteten Vorwärmofen3 um auf diese Weise in einer Ofengruppe aus dem Vorwärmofen und den in Reihe nachgeschalteten Anwärmofen den 'Wärme-:.nhalt des Brennstoffs optimal auszunutzen.* «Does not affect the exhaust duct; the flue gases only flow longitudinally in the upper p. 30 area in the common flue gas duct, advantageously in a preheating zone or for preheating the material in an upstream preheating furnace 3 in this way in a group of furnaces from the preheating furnace and the preheating furnace connected in series the 'heat - :. nhalt optimum use of the fuel.
3535
Die Erfindung ist im fol genden anhand von Querschnitten durch zwei ausgeführte Anwärmöfen mit weiteren Einzelheiten näher erläutert. Es zeigen :The invention is explained in more detail in the fol lowing with the help of cross sections through two heating furnaces. Show it :
Fig. 1 einen Querschnitt nach der Linie I-I in Fig. 3 durch eine erste Ausführung eines Anwärmofens nach der Erfindung;1 shows a cross section along the line I-I in Figure 3 by a first embodiment of a heating furnace according to the invention.
Fig. 2 einen an gleicher Stelle gelegenen Querschnitt durch eine zweite Ausführung;2 shows a cross section at the same point through a second embodiment;
Fig. 3 eine teilweise geschnittene Seitenansicht durch eine Ofen- gruppe aas einem Anwärmofen und einem vorgeschalteten Vor¬ wärmofen gemäß einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung und3 shows a partially sectioned side view through a furnace group comprising a preheating furnace and an upstream preheating furnace according to an embodiment of the invention
Fig. 4 einen Schnitt nach der Linie IV-IV in Fig. 3 durch einenFig. 4 shows a section along the line IV-IV in Fig. 3 by a
Vorwärmofen der Ofengruppe, der einem Anwärmofen nach den Fig. 1 oder 2 vorgeschaltet ist. Preheating furnace of the furnace group, which is connected upstream of a heating furnace according to FIGS. 1 or 2.
Die gezeigten Anwärmöfen weisen ein Stützgestell 10 aus einer Stahlkonstruktion auf.The heating furnaces shown have a support frame 10 made of a steel structure.
Im unteren Ofenraum ist eine Doppelstrang-FÖrderkette 13 mit daran befestigten Tragvorrichtungen 12 für das anzuwärmende Gut 1, wieIn the lower furnace chamber is a double-strand conveyor chain 13 with attached support devices 12 for the material 1 to be heated, such as
Stangen oder Barren, vorgesehen, die das Gut intermittierend durch den von halbzylindrischen Herdschalenhälften 14 gebildeten zylindrisch Herdtunnel 15 transportiert. Die Herdschälen 14 sind in ihrem unterenRods or bars are provided which intermittently transport the material through the cylindrical hearth tunnel 15 formed by half-cylindrical hearth shell halves 14. The stove peels 14 are in their lower
Bereich schwenkbar auf Tragschienen 16 gelagert und werden oben vonArea pivoted on mounting rails 16 and are above by
Abstandhaltern 17.in .Position gehalten.Spacers 17. held in position.
Bei der Ausführung nach Fig. 1 sind je Herdschalenreihe 14 ausschließl eine Brennerreihe mit in Längsreihen senkrecht zur Zeichenebene ange¬ ordneten Vorge ischbrennern 18 vorgesehen sind. Die Brenner 1& haben Brennerdüsen 20, die durch Offnungen 21 der Herdschalen in den zylindrischen Herdtunnel 15 hineinragen und das Gut direkt beauf¬ schlagen. Die Brenner 18 sind derart angeordnet, daß beim Anwärmen des Gutes 1 unterschiedlichen Durchmessers eine gute Ausnutzung der Oberfläche zur Wärmeübertragung und eine rotationssymmetrische Temperaturverteϊlung über den Querschnitt des Gutes erreicht wird. Dabei sind die Brennerdüsen 20 in ihrer Leistung so eingestellt, daß die gewünschte Temperaturverteilung erzeugt wird.In the embodiment according to FIG. 1, only one burner row with pre-burners 18 arranged in longitudinal rows perpendicular to the plane of the drawing are provided per hearth bowl row 14. The burners 1 & have burner nozzles 20 which protrude through openings 21 of the hearth shells into the cylindrical hearth tunnel 15 and act directly on the material. The burners 18 are arranged in such a way that when the material 1 of different diameters is warmed up, good use of the surface for heat transfer and rotationally symmetrical temperature distribution over the cross section of the material is achieved. The burner nozzles 20 are set in their performance so that the desired temperature distribution is generated.
Anstatt Brennern 18 können auch Heißgasdüsen zur Beheizung vorge¬ sehen sein, die beispielsweise mit Heißluft auf das Gut 1 einwirken, welche in bekannter Weise elektrisch aufheizbar ist.Instead of burners 18, hot gas nozzles can also be provided for heating, which act on the material 1, for example with hot air, which can be heated electrically in a known manner.
Die Abgase verlassen den Herdraum 15 nach oben durch einen von den Herdschalenhälften 14 bei den Abstandhaltern 17 gebildeten Längs¬ spalt 30, von welchem sie über einen vertikalen Kanal 31 direkt in einen Abgaskanal 32 gelangen. Von diesem wird das Abgas in eine nicht gezeigte, dem Anwärmofen vorgelagerte Vorwärmzone für das Gut 1 ge- fördert, z. B. mittels nicht gezeigter Ventilatoren gesaugt. Der Ab- gaskanal hat eine Wärmeisolierung, deren untere Isolierteile 54 sich über die ganze Ofenlänge erstrecken, eine Lücke für den Herdtunnel 15 lassen und sich von außen an die mittleren Bereiche der Herdschalen 14 anlegen. Die unteren Isolierteile 54 sind von Trägern 52 unterstützt, welche ortsfest am Stützgestell 10 angebracht sind. Der Haupt- oder Oberabschnitt des Abgaskanals 32 ist von zwei vertikalen Isolier¬ teilen 56 und einem damit einstückigen oberen Isolierteil 58 ge¬ bildet.The exhaust gases leave the hearth space 15 upwards through a longitudinal gap 30 formed by the hearth shell halves 14 at the spacers 17, from which they pass directly into an exhaust gas channel 32 via a vertical channel 31. From this, the exhaust gas is conveyed into a preheating zone (not shown) for the material 1, which precedes the preheating furnace, for. B. sucked by means of fans, not shown. From the- gas duct has thermal insulation, the lower insulating parts 54 of which extend over the entire length of the furnace, leave a gap for the hearth tunnel 15 and can be placed on the middle regions of the hearth shells 14 from the outside. The lower insulating parts 54 are supported by supports 52 which are fixedly attached to the support frame 10. The main or upper section of the exhaust duct 32 is formed by two vertical insulating parts 56 and an upper insulating part 58 which is integral therewith.
Bei der Ausführung nach Fig. 1 erstrecken sich die Isolierteile 56, 58 des Oberteiles ebenfalls über die ganze Ofenlänge. Der Hauptab¬ schnitt 56,58 läßt sich somit als Ganzes wegnehmen. Die Herdschalen 14 werden dann noch durch die unteren Isolierteile 54 seitlich ge¬ halten, lassen sich jedoch nach Wegnehmen der Abstandhalter 17 einzeln durch leichtes Schwenken nach innen um den jeweil gen Drehpunkt an den Tragschienen 16 zum Austausch entfernen.1, the insulating parts 56, 58 of the upper part also extend over the entire length of the furnace. The main section 56, 58 can thus be removed as a whole. The hearth shells 14 are then held laterally by the lower insulating parts 54, but after removal of the spacers 17 can be removed individually by gently pivoting inward about the respective pivot point on the mounting rails 16 for replacement.
Die Wärmeisolierung weist z. B. zwei Schichten auf, von .denen die innere aus die Wärme gut isolierenden, aber schlecht speichernden keramischen Fasern besteht, während die äußere Schicht, die im Be¬ reich tieferer Temperaturen liegt, aus Mineralfasern besteht.The heat insulation has e.g. B. two layers, of which the inner consists of good heat-insulating but poorly storing ceramic fibers, while the outer layer, which is in the range of lower temperatures, consists of mineral fibers.
Die Ausführung nach Fig. 2 unterscheidet sich von derjenigen nach Fig. 1 nur dadurch, daß je Herdschalenreihe zusätzlich zu der unteren Brennerrεihe 18 eine obere Brennerreihe 19 vorgesehen ist. Zur Ein¬ stellung der oberen Brenner gegenüber den unteren Brennern ist in der BrennstoffZuleitung 23 ein einstellbares Drosselventil 24 ange¬ ordnet.The embodiment according to FIG. 2 differs from that according to FIG. 1 only in that in addition to the lower row of burners 18, an upper row of burners 19 is provided for each range of stoves. An adjustable throttle valve 24 is arranged in the fuel feed line 23 in order to set the upper burners in relation to the lower burners.
Die zusätzlichen oberen Brennerreihen bedingen eine Zwischenfügung von entsprechend den Herdschalen 14 in Segmente unterteilten vertikalen Isolierte len 59 zwischen die unteren,über die ganze Ofenlänge sich erstreckenden Isol erteile 54 und den Haupt- oder Oberteil des Abgas- kanals 32, dessen Isolierteile 60, 62, 64 wiederum ein zusammen¬ hängendes, einheitlich als Ganzes wegnehmbares Stück bilden. Zum Austausch von Herdschalen muß das Stück 60, 62, 64 abgehoben werden. Dann müssen die entsprechenden Isolierteile 59 entfernt werden, so daß die zugehörigen Herdschalen 14 nach Entfernen der Abstandhalter wie bei der Ausführung nach Fig. 1 ausgewechselt werden können. Der im Vergleich zu Fig. 1 etwas kompliziertere Aufbau ist der Preis für die höhere Gleichmäßigkeit der erzielten Durchwärmung des Gutes.The additional upper rows of burners require the interposition of vertical isolating parts 59, which are divided into segments corresponding to the hearth shells 14, between the lower isolating parts 54 extending over the entire length of the furnace and the main or upper part of the exhaust channel 32, the insulating parts 60, 62, 64, in turn, a composite ¬ continuous, uniform whole constitute as wegnehmbares piece. To exchange hearth shells, piece 60, 62, 64 must be lifted off. Then the corresponding insulating parts 59 must be removed so that the associated hearths 14 can be replaced after removing the spacers as in the embodiment according to FIG. 1. The somewhat more complicated structure in comparison with FIG. 1 is the price for the higher uniformity of the heating of the material achieved.
Fig. 3 zeigt in der rechten Hälfte eine Seitenansicht eines hier mit 90 bezeichneten Anwärmofens nach Fig. 1 oder Fig. 2 und in der linken Hälfte einen vorgeschalteten Vorwärmofen, der durch die Abgase des Anwärmofens beheizt wird. Zu diesem Zweck mündet der Abgaskanal 32 über eine Öffnung 33 in der in Fig. 3 rechten Stirnwand 34 des ins- gesamt mit dem Bezugszeichen 40 bezeichneten Vorwärmofens, der de¬ taillierter in Fig. 4 gezeigt ist. Im Ofenraum 41, der über die Öff¬ nung 33 mit dem Abgaskanal 32 in Verbindung steht und durch eine Wärmeisol erung 42 ähnlich 'derjenigen des Anwärmofens 90 geschützt is sind hintereinander mehrere Umwälzzonen, z.B. zwei Umwälzzonen 47,48 mit je einem Ventilator 43 angeordnet,. elche das Abgas in Richtung der Pfeile F in Fig. 3 aus dem Abgaskanal 32 in den Ofen¬ raum 41 saugen und von dort über zwei Reihen von Schlitzdüsen 44 auf das Gut 1 lenken, die beidseitig auf das Gut 1 hin konvergierend angeordnet sind. Das Gut 1 wird durch Behandlungsräume 45 jeder Um- wälzzöne 4 mittels der Doppelstrang-Förderkette 13 in Transportrich¬ tung T gefördert, die beide Öfen 40,90 durchsetzt. Anschließend wird das Abgas aus den Behandlungsräumen 45 mittels der Ventilatoren 43 abgesaugt und erneut zirkuliert bzw. durch einen Abzug 46 abgegeben.Fig. 3 shows in the right half a side view of a preheating furnace designated here by 90 according to Fig. 1 or Fig. 2 and in the left half a pre-preheating furnace which is heated by the exhaust gases of the preheating furnace. For this purpose, the exhaust gas duct 32 opens out via an opening 33 in the right-hand end wall 34 in FIG. 3 of the preheating furnace, which is designated overall by the reference number 40 and is shown in more detail in FIG. 4. Is in the furnace chamber 41, which communicates via the Öff¬ voltage 33 to the exhaust passage 32 and through a Wärmeisol augmentation 42 similar 'to that of the Anwärmofens 90 are protected behind the other a plurality of recirculation zones, two recirculation zones 47,48 arranged, for example, each with a fan 43, . 3 suck the exhaust gas in the direction of arrows F in FIG. 3 from the exhaust duct 32 into the furnace chamber 41 and from there direct it onto the material 1 via two rows of slot nozzles 44, which are arranged converging on both sides towards the material 1. The material 1 is conveyed through treatment rooms 45 of each circulation zone 4 by means of the double-strand conveyor chain 13 in the transport direction T, which passes through both ovens 40, 90. The exhaust gas is then sucked out of the treatment rooms 45 by means of the fans 43 and recirculated or discharged through a fume hood 46.
In den von rechts nach links in Fig. 3 aufeinanderfolgenden Umwälz¬ zonen 47,48 bilden sich in Richtung entgegen der Transportrichtung T abnehmende Temperaturen aus. Durch diese kaskadenartige Abgasführung entsteht eine kontrollierbare Beaufschlagung in jeder Umwälzzone , wobe der Wärmeinhalt des Abgases optimal genutzt wird. Die Ofengruppe nach den Fig. 3 und 4 zeichnet sich also durch besondere Wirtschaft!ichkeit d.h. besonders niedrigen Brennstoffverbrauch aus. In the successive circulation zones 47, 48 from right to left in FIG. 3, temperatures decrease in the direction opposite to the transport direction T. This cascade-like exhaust gas routing creates a controllable admission in each circulation zone, whereby the heat content of the exhaust gas is optimally used. 3 and 4 is characterized by special economy! particularly low fuel consumption.

Claims

Ansprüche Expectations
1. Anwärmofen für langgestrecktes Gut wie Stangen, Blöcke, Barren oder dgl. , aus Metall, insbesondere Aluminium oder Aluminium¬ legierungen, mit einem aus durchgehenden oder segmentweise aneinandergefügten, feuerfesten, insbesondere dünnwandigen Herd- schalen gebildeten-Herdtunnel , der über die Schalenwandungen durch¬ setzende Heizelemente, wie Brenner, Heißgasdüsen oder dgl., be¬ heizbar ist, welche auf das in den Herdtunnel längsgerichtet einge¬ setzte Gut zu dessen direkten Beaufschlagung' gerichtet sind, sowie mit einem im oberen Ofenbereich angeordneten Abgaskanal, dadurch g k e n n z e i c h n e t, daß der Herdtunnel (15) in den eine Wärme¬ isolierung (40;50) aufweisenden Abgaskanal (32). integriert ist.1. Heating furnace for elongated goods such as rods, blocks, bars or the like, made of metal, in particular aluminum or aluminum alloys, with a refractory, in particular thin-walled hearth shells formed from continuous or segmented together, which through the shell walls through ¬ releasing heating elements, such as burners, hot gas nozzle or the like. be¬ is heated, which longitudinally to in the hearth tunnel einge¬ sat Good to the direct impingement directed 'are, and having disposed in the upper furnace region exhaust passage, characterized gkennzeichnet that the Hearth tunnel (15) in the exhaust gas duct (32) having thermal insulation (40; 50). is integrated.
2. Anwärmofen nach Anspruch 1, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, daß die Wärmeisolierung des Abgaskanals (32) die Herdschalen (14) des Herdtunnels (15) mindestens in ihrem mittleren Bereich von außen abdeckt.2. Heating furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat insulation of the exhaust gas duct (32) covers the hearth shells (14) of the hearth tunnel (15) at least in their central region from the outside.
3. Aπwärmofen nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n daß die Wärmeisol erung von an einem Stützgestell (10) des Ofens or fest angebrachten Abstützteilen (52) unterstützt ist und darüber angeordnete, wegnehmbare Isolierteile (54,56,58;59,60, 62,64) aufweist, von denen die unteren (54) die Herdschalen (14) seitlich abstützen und isolieren.3. Aπwärmofen according to claim 1 or 2, characterized gekennzeichn that the heat insulation is supported by on a support frame (10) of the furnace or fixed support parts (52) and Removable insulating parts (54, 56, 58; 59, 60, 62, 64) arranged above it, of which the lower (54) laterally support and insulate the hearth shells (14).
4. Anwärmofen nach Anspruch 3, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, daß die unteren, auf den Abstützteilen (52) aufliegenden Isolier¬ teile (54) von den übrigen, den Abgaskanal bildenden Isolier¬ teilen (56,58;59,60,62,64) getrennt ausgebildet und montierbar sin4. Heating furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that the lower, on the support parts (52) resting Isolier¬ parts (54) from the other, the exhaust duct Isolier¬ parts (56,58; 59,60,62,64) separately designed and mountable
5. Anwärmofen nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, bei der untere und obere Brenne reihen über den Umfang des Herdtunnels verteilt angeordnet sind, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e , daß die Brenner (19) der obere Brennerreihen wegnehmbare IsolVerteile (59) durchsetzen, während die Brenner der. unteren Brennerreihen ('18) im unteren, nicht wär e- isolierten Bereich der Herdschalen vorgesehen sind, und daß jedes von Brennern (19) durchsetzte Isolierteil (59) gleiche Länge wie entsprechende Segmente (14) der Herdschalen hat.5. Heating furnace according to claim 3 or 4, in which the lower and upper burners are arranged in rows over the circumference of the hearth tunnel, characterized in that the burners (19) of the upper burner rows pass through isolable distributors (59), while the burners pass through. lower rows of burners ( '18) are provided in the lower non would e- isolated region of the hearth shells, and in that each penetrated by burners (19) Insulation (59) the same length as corresponding segments (14) of the hearth shells has.
6. Anwärmofen nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch g e k e n n - z e i c h n e t, daß sämtliche Brennerreihen unterhalb der Wärme¬ isolierung in den .Herdtunnel (15) münden und daß der Abgaskanal (32 als entfernbare Montageeinheit ausgebildet ist.6. Heating furnace according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that all burner rows open below the thermal insulation into the. Cooker tunnel (15) and that the exhaust duct (32) is designed as a removable assembly unit.
7. Anwärmofen nach einem der.Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch g e k e n n - z e i c h n e t, daß die Wärmeisolierung innen mindestens eine7. Heating furnace according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the thermal insulation on the inside is at least one
Schicht aus keramischen Fasern und außen mindestens eine Schicht aus Mineralfasern aufweist.Layer of ceramic fibers and the outside has at least one layer of mineral fibers.
8. Ofengruppe, bei welcher ein Anwärmofen nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7 mit seinen Abgasen einen vorgeschalteten Vorwärmofen beheizt, der das Abgas über mindestens einen Ventilator zu mindestens einer Reihe von längs dem Gut angeordneten Schlitzdüsen führt und über die¬ se auf das Gut lenkt, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, daß. der Abgaskanal (32) im wesentlichen fluchtend mit einem ebenfalls durch eine Wärmeisolierung (42) geschützten, den Ventilator (43j enthalten¬ den Raum (41) des Wärmeofens (40.) angeordnet ist und stirnseitig (bei 33) in diesen Raum (41) mündet. 8. furnace group, in which a heating furnace according to one of claims 1 to 7 with its exhaust gases heats a pre-heating furnace which leads the exhaust gas via at least one fan to at least one row of slot nozzles arranged along the material and directs it to the material , characterized in that. the flue gas duct (32) is arranged essentially in alignment with a space (41) of the heating furnace (40) which is also protected by thermal insulation (42) and contains the fan (43j) and at the end (at 33) in this space (41) flows.
EP83900423A 1982-02-02 1983-02-01 Furnace for preheating elongate materials Expired EP0099383B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83900423T ATE20280T1 (en) 1982-02-02 1983-02-01 PREHEATING FURNACE FOR EXTENDED GOOD.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3203433 1982-02-02
DE3203433A DE3203433C2 (en) 1982-02-02 1982-02-02 Heating furnace for elongated goods

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0099383A1 true EP0099383A1 (en) 1984-02-01
EP0099383B1 EP0099383B1 (en) 1986-06-04

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US (1) US4541799A (en)
EP (1) EP0099383B1 (en)
AU (1) AU556135B2 (en)
CA (1) CA1202174A (en)
DE (2) DE3203433C2 (en)
WO (1) WO1983002661A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA1202174A (en) 1986-03-25
WO1983002661A1 (en) 1983-08-04
DE3203433C2 (en) 1984-08-09
DE3203433A1 (en) 1983-08-25
AU1696083A (en) 1985-01-24
US4541799A (en) 1985-09-17
AU556135B2 (en) 1986-10-23
DE3363853D1 (en) 1986-07-10
EP0099383B1 (en) 1986-06-04

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