EP0099333B1 - Transfer sheets for the thermal dry-printing of cellulosic fibres - Google Patents

Transfer sheets for the thermal dry-printing of cellulosic fibres Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0099333B1
EP0099333B1 EP83810295A EP83810295A EP0099333B1 EP 0099333 B1 EP0099333 B1 EP 0099333B1 EP 83810295 A EP83810295 A EP 83810295A EP 83810295 A EP83810295 A EP 83810295A EP 0099333 B1 EP0099333 B1 EP 0099333B1
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Prior art keywords
fact
transfer
dyestuff
disperse
phenyl
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0099333A1 (en
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Wolfgang Mehl
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SICPA Holding SA
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SICPA Holding SA
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06PDYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P5/00Other features in dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form
    • D06P5/003Transfer printing
    • D06P5/004Transfer printing using subliming dyes
    • D06P5/005Transfer printing using subliming dyes on resin-treated fibres
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S8/00Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification of textiles and fibers
    • Y10S8/916Natural fiber dyeing
    • Y10S8/918Cellulose textile

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to new transfer media, especially those made of paper, for the thermal dry printing of textile material which contains swellable pretreated cellulose fibers, optionally in blends with synthetic fibers, especially based on polyester, the transfer medium being made of an inert, flexible substrate with a release -Layer exists on at least one substrate surface on which there is a dye-containing layer or a dye-containing pattern.
  • transfer printing the principles of which e.g. in French Patents 1 223 330 and 1 585119 uses transfer printing supports, generally made of paper, which carry the pattern to be transferred, which consists of several or one dye. In contact with a textile material, the pattern changes from the transfer sheet to the textile material at 160 to 210 ° C.
  • the dyes customary for transfer printing belong to the class of disperse dyes, which are known to have only a low affinity for natural fibers, which is why transfer printing has practically only established itself for synthetic fibers, in particular for fabrics and knitted fabrics made of polyester.
  • the attempts to make native fibers, especially those made of cellulose, available for transfer printing can be roughly divided into three groups: pretreatment with a resin, chemical modification of the fiber, and treatment with a solvent for disperse dyes.
  • the resin preparation is known, for example, from Swiss patent 564 637, which teaches that a cotton web is impregnated with an etherified methylolmelamine. After intermediate drying, the pre-impregnated goods are printed in the transfer. The melamine resin is condensed out during the printing process.
  • EP-A 36 639 also belongs to this category of technology. It is based on the use of subliming dyes and the knowledge that such dyes do not have sufficient fastness to washing on fibers other than polyester fibers.
  • the patent therefore proposes, in addition to the dye (which passes through sublimation), to transfer a dye-reactive polyester resin which acts as a binding agent for the dye; in the end, a colored resin composition is applied.
  • the cellulose fiber can be given an affinity for disperse dyes by chemical modification, in particular acetylation, benzoylation, cyanoethylation, cyanurization and grafting of styrene.
  • chemical modification in particular acetylation, benzoylation, cyanoethylation, cyanurization and grafting of styrene.
  • the color depth and water grip are satisfactory for chemically modified cotton, the process has not been able to assert itself properly, since the method is complex and expensive and the washfastness of the prints is unsatisfactory (see, for example, Eisele and Fiebig, Melliand Textile Reports 61, 956-961 (1980 )).
  • a cotton fabric is impregnated with a 10 to 20 percent aqueous solution of polyethylene glycol 600, dried at 120 ° C and then thermally printed at 200 to 210 ° C, brilliant, color-deep prints are obtained.
  • the good dye absorption is explained by the fact that the hot polyglycol, which is still in the fiber during thermal printing, dissolves the dye vapors and finely distributes the dissolved dye in the fibers.
  • the invention has now set itself the goal of eliminating the shortcomings shown and creating a transfer medium that gives real pressure on temporarily pretreated cellulose fibers or mixed fibers in the normal way, i.e. without vacuum, carrier steam, etc., in common calenders and with significantly better ones Results than before.
  • Another object of the invention namely a method for the transfer printing of textile materials which consist wholly or partly of cellulose fibers, is characterized by the use of the transfer printing medium according to the first invention, as defined in the second independent claim 11.
  • a feature of the transfer printing medium according to the invention is the presence of a so-called release layer on the substrate of the transfer printing medium, which is normally paper.
  • the presence of such release layers is already known from the above-mentioned patent specification EP-A 36 639, but also from the Japanese publication JP-A 5246 188 (Chem. Abstr. 87 (No. 6), p. 61, Ref. 40685e) . It discloses transfer papers that have a silicone release layer, which is then covered with a butyl acrylate. Only then comes the print that contains a sublimable dye. These papers were transferred with a contact pressure of 3 kg / cm 2 (approx. 300 kPa) at 205 ° onto cotton or cotton-polyester fabrics which had been pretreated with a swelling agent.
  • thermoplastic film between the separating layer and the printed image and that they are subliming dyes. It is known that the fastness to washing of such dyes on cellulose fibers is insufficient, even if they have been swollen beforehand. The transferred thermoplastic film will degrade the handle after transfer printing. In addition, it is not known whether the swollen goods are dried before transfer printing.
  • the release layer of the transfer carrier carries a mixture of a binder with one or more dyes in the form of a uniformly colored layer or a pattern.
  • the motif can be printed using any printing method, e.g. can be applied in rotogravure, screen printing, offset.
  • the motif consisting of binders and dyes, which has the form of either a colored layer or a pattern containing one or more shades, is transferred in its entirety to the textile substrate by applying pressure and temperature.
  • the release layer makes it easier to transfer the motif from the transfer printing medium to the textile web by reducing the strength of the motif's adhesion to the base.
  • Release layers are well known to the person skilled in the art, for example they consist of a silicone resin layer or a layer of another resin with low adhesive properties.
  • non-silicones are also suitable as release agent layers, e.g. made of polyvinyl alcohol, polyamides, melamine.
  • the binder consists of one or more high molecular weight organic substances, at least one of which is a film former.
  • Suitable high-molecular organic substances are those whose softening or melting point is between 50 ° and 150 ° C., preferably 100 ° C.
  • the high molecular weight organic substances belong, for example, to the class of resins or waxes. Examples include natural resins, maleate resins, phenolic resins, urea resins, resins made from unsaturated hydrocarbons, epoxy resins, polyamide resins, polyglycols with a molecular weight of at least 1000, polyolefin waxes, natural waxes, Fischer-Tropsch waxes, amide waxes, fatty acid esters, fatty alcohols.
  • Maleinate resins and rosin-based resins are preferably used, for example the esters of polyhydric alcohols such as glycerol and pentaerythritol esters.
  • the dyes are characterized in that they belong to the disperse and vat dyes and that they are insoluble in water.
  • the phenyl and benzoyl radicals can contain simple substituents, e.g. Methyl, ethyl, chlorine, bromine, methoxy, trifluoromethyl residues, even butyl or isoamyl residues, but preferably they do not contain any nitrogen-containing substituents.
  • a printing ink must be produced from them to select the dyes.
  • These printing inks can be offset-type, aqueous printing inks or solvent printing inks, and the techniques for producing printing inks are known.
  • the dye is used in 100% pure form as a dry press cake in a ball mill, e.g. of the "Dynomill” type (Bachofen, Basel) ground in industrial ethyl alcohol, which contains a binder known from the technique of conventional sublimation transfer printing, for example ethyl cellulose N-7 (Dow Chemicals).
  • a ball mill e.g. of the "Dynomill” type (Bachofen, Basel) ground in industrial ethyl alcohol, which contains a binder known from the technique of conventional sublimation transfer printing, for example ethyl cellulose N-7 (Dow Chemicals).
  • the preferred concentrations are 5-10% binder and a maximum of 10% dye.
  • the grinding process is carried out until 90% of the dye particles have a diameter of less than three micrometers and none of them larger than five micrometers.
  • a paper carrier is printed in gravure, as is known from conventional transfer printing. These transfer printing carriers are then used to carry out transfer printing tests on a swollen cotton fabric.
  • the patent teaches that the state of swelling of the cotton caused by water treatment by polyglycol, e.g., polyethylene glycol with a molecular weight between 300 and 1100, can be maintained after drying, the concentration of the glycol being, for example, 10 to 20% of the cotton weight.
  • polyglycol e.g., polyethylene glycol with a molecular weight between 300 and 1100
  • the transfer medium is pressed against the swollen cotton fabric for 30 seconds with a contact pressure of 50 kPa at a temperature of 230 ° C, while the sandwich is kept at an air pressure reduced to 10 kPa.
  • a printing ink which contains, for example, 10% dye, 10% binder and 80% solvent. This printing ink is used to print a motif containing one or more dyes on a base paper provided with a release layer.
  • the transfer printing on dry, swollen cotton is then carried out at 200 ° -230 ° C. at a contact pressure of 10 kPa to 1 MPa in 30-60 seconds.
  • the handle is remarkably good, and after the first wash, the rub fastness is very good.
  • the new transfer carriers are characterized by the possibility of being able to use dyes that cannot be transferred at all in conventional sublimation transfer printing due to their high sublimation fastness and in sublimation transfer printing with reduced air pressure, despite high mechanical expenditure, only with moderate yields. This makes it possible to utilize the adaptability of the transfer print on natural fibers while maintaining the textile mechanical properties and re-inspection of the required fastness properties, in particular the fastness to washing.
  • a screen printing ink is produced by dissolving 40 parts of the "ERKAREX 1560" phthalate resin (R.Kraemer GmbH) and 5 parts of Polywachs 6000 in 90 parts of ethyl alcohol. 50 parts of a 20% alcoholic dispersion of the dye C.I. Disperse Red 346 added.
  • a cotton fabric with a solution of 10% polypropylene glycol 425 in water is squeezed to 100% weight gain using a padder and dried in a tenter at 120 ° C. for one minute.
  • the paper is held against the pretreated cotton fabric for 45 seconds using a thermal printing press from Kannegiesser (Vlotho, FRG) with a contact pressure of 5 ⁇ 10 4 Pa at 230 ° C. (temperature of the heating plate of the press).
  • a varnish is produced on a three-roll mill by mixing 42 parts of lacquered linseed oil, 20 parts of mineral oil and 38 parts of a "Albertol KP 351" phenolic resin (Hoechst AG).
  • the printing ink is made on a three-roll mill from 20 parts of the dye C.I. Disperse Blue 327, 85 parts of varnish, 5 parts of Aerosil R 972 (Degussa AG) and 2 parts of co-siccative.
  • a release paper is produced by coating a 60 g / m 2 base paper with a solution of 67 parts of ethyl alcohol, 3 parts of toluene, 25 parts of the "Eurelon 2300" polyamide resin (Schering AG) and 5 parts of the "Cibamin M-100 melamine resin "(Ciba-Geigy AG).
  • This release paper is printed on a conventional offset machine from "Heidelberg Offset”.
  • a fabric made of 50% cotton and 50% polyester is squeezed to 80% weight gain by treatment with a 10% aqueous solution of polypropylene glycol 425 using a foulard and dried on a tenter at 120 ° C. for one minute.
  • the offset-release transfer paper is printed on the mixed fabric for 45 seconds with a contact pressure of 5 ⁇ 10 4 Pa at 230 ° C.
  • a brilliant blue print is created.
  • the feel of the fabric and the fastness properties are acceptable after the transfer printing, after rinsing with cold water they become very good.
  • the part of a cotton fabric that is to be printed is pretreated by spraying with a 2% aqueous solution of polyethylene glycol 600. The mixture is then dried at 190 ° C. for 30 seconds.
  • a transfer substrate produced according to Example 2 is placed on the pretreated part of the cotton fabric for 45 seconds at 230 ° C., a contact pressure of 5 ⁇ 10 4 Pa and an air pressure of 2 ⁇ 10 4 Pa.
  • a stock thickening for a gravure ink is produced by dissolving 12.5 parts of a glycerol resin ester type "Halwepal - G" (Chemische Werke Wegtenes-Albertus) in a mixture of 40 parts of ethyl alcohol and 40 parts of methyl - ethyl ketone. This thickening of the trunk is divided into three parts.
  • Example 1 With a conventional gravure printing machine, the base release paper described in Example 1 is then printed with three cylinders. Intermediate drying is required after each cylinder.
  • the cylinders are engraved in such a way that the superimposition of the three prints according to the trichomy principle provides an image of a motif.
  • a fabric made of mercerized cotton with a ten percent aqueous solution of a polyglycol-boric acid ester which is commercially available under the name "Glyecin-CD" (BASF)
  • BASF polyglycol-boric acid ester
  • the helio-release transfer paper is printed on the goods prepared in this way for 40 seconds at 230 ° C. with a contact pressure of 10 5 Pa.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Coloring (AREA)
  • Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)

Abstract

The transfer sheet is used for dry thermal printing of water swellable celluluse fibers with dyestuffs which are insoluble in water of 60 DEG C. The dyestuffs are difficult to evaporate and cannot be used in a conventional heat transfer printing process. They are transferred at 230 DEG C. and a contact pressure of 104-106 Pa from a base paper provided with a release coating, to cellulose fibers which have been swollen with water and the swollen state of which has been preserved after drying with a polyglycol. I order to increase the penetration of dyestuffs into the textile structure, it is recommended to lower the air pressure in the transfer area down to a pressure ranging from 1 to 5x104 Pa.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft neue Umdruckträger, vor allem solche aus Papier, für den thermischen Trockendruck von Textilmaterial, das quellend vorbehandelte Cellulosefasern enthält, gegebenenfalls in Mischungen mit synthetischen Fasern, vor allem auf Polyesterbasis, wobei der Umdruckträger aus einem inerten, flexiblen Substrat mit einer Release-Schicht auf mindestens einer Substratfläche besteht, auf der sich eine farbstoffhaltige Schicht oder ein farbstoffhaltiges Muster befindet.The present invention relates to new transfer media, especially those made of paper, for the thermal dry printing of textile material which contains swellable pretreated cellulose fibers, optionally in blends with synthetic fibers, especially based on polyester, the transfer medium being made of an inert, flexible substrate with a release -Layer exists on at least one substrate surface on which there is a dye-containing layer or a dye-containing pattern.

Der konventionelle Transferdruck, dessen Prinzipien z.B. in den französischen Patentschriften 1 223 330 und 1 585119 beschrieben ist, benutzt Umdruckträger, im allgemeinen aus Papier, welche das zu transferierende Muster tragen, das aus mehreren oder einem Farbstoff besteht. Im Kontakt mit einem Textilmaterial geht das Muster bei 160 bis 210°C vom Umdruckträger auf das Textilmaterial über. Die für den Transferdruck üblichen Farbstoffe gehören zu der Klasse der Dispersionsfarbstoffe, von denen bekannt ist, dass sie nur eine geringe Affinität zu Naturfasern haben, weshalb sich der Transferdruck praktisch nur für Synthesefasern, insbesondere für Gewebe und Gewirke aus Polyester, durchgesetzt hat.Conventional transfer printing, the principles of which e.g. in French Patents 1 223 330 and 1 585119 uses transfer printing supports, generally made of paper, which carry the pattern to be transferred, which consists of several or one dye. In contact with a textile material, the pattern changes from the transfer sheet to the textile material at 160 to 210 ° C. The dyes customary for transfer printing belong to the class of disperse dyes, which are known to have only a low affinity for natural fibers, which is why transfer printing has practically only established itself for synthetic fibers, in particular for fabrics and knitted fabrics made of polyester.

Die Versuche, native Fasern, insbesondere aus Cellulose, dem Transferdruck zugänglich zu machen, lassen sich grob in drei Gruppen aufteilen: Vorbehandlung mit einem Harz, chemische Modifikation der Faser, und Behandlung mit einem Lösungsmittel für Dispersionsfarbstoffe.The attempts to make native fibers, especially those made of cellulose, available for transfer printing can be roughly divided into three groups: pretreatment with a resin, chemical modification of the fiber, and treatment with a solvent for disperse dyes.

Die Harzvorbereitung ist beispielhaft aus der Schweizer Patentschrift 564 637 bekannt, in der gelehrt wird, dass eine Baumwollbahn mit einem verätherten Methylolmelamin imprägniert wird. Nach Zwischentrocknung wird die vorimprägnierte Ware im Transfer bedruckt. Das Melaminharz wird während des Druckvorgangs auskondensiert.The resin preparation is known, for example, from Swiss patent 564 637, which teaches that a cotton web is impregnated with an etherified methylolmelamine. After intermediate drying, the pre-impregnated goods are printed in the transfer. The melamine resin is condensed out during the printing process.

Die Hauptnachteile dieses Verfahrens liegen in der Schwierigkeit, die Gleichmässigkeit des Auftrags des Melaminharzes über die Textilbahn, welche die Farbtiefe beeinflusst, zu gewährleisten und die Vorbehandlung so zu kontrollieren, dass die Kondensation einwandfrei erfolgt. Deswegen erfüllen weder die Gleichmässigkeit des Drucks noch seine Echtheiten immer die Erwartungen, und das Verfahren hat sich bisher nicht richtig durchsetzen können.The main disadvantages of this process lie in the difficulty in ensuring the uniformity of the application of the melamine resin over the textile web, which influences the depth of color, and in controlling the pretreatment in such a way that the condensation takes place properly. For this reason, neither the uniformity of the print nor its fastness always meet expectations, and the process has so far not been successful.

In diese Kategorie der Technik gehört auch die Lehre der EP-A 36 639. Sie beruht auf der Verwendung von sublimierenden Farbstoffen und der Erkenntnis, dass solche Farbstoffe keine ausreichenden Waschechtheiten auf anderen als Polyesterfasern haben. Daher schlägt die Patentschrift vor, ausser dem Farbstoff (der durch Sublimation übergeht) noch ein mit Farbstoff reaktives Polyesterharz zu übertragen, das als Bindungsvermittler für den Farbstoff wirkt; im Endeffekt findet das Aufbringen einer gefärbten Harzzusammensetzung statt.The teaching of EP-A 36 639 also belongs to this category of technology. It is based on the use of subliming dyes and the knowledge that such dyes do not have sufficient fastness to washing on fibers other than polyester fibers. The patent therefore proposes, in addition to the dye (which passes through sublimation), to transfer a dye-reactive polyester resin which acts as a binding agent for the dye; in the end, a colored resin composition is applied.

Es wurde aber gefunden, dass sich auch dieses Verfahren nicht einführen konnte, da das Transferpapier in mindestens drei Schritten bedruckt bzw. beschichtet werden muss und ausserdem so grosse Mengen an Polyesterharz übertragen werden müssen, dass der Griff der Ware trotz gegenteiliger Aussagen im Patent doch negativ beeinflusst wird. Ausserdem ist die Haftfestigkeit des Polyesterharzes an Baumwollfasern stark von deren Wassergehalt abhängig. Es können nur sublimierende Farbstoffe verwendet werden. Schliesslich wird das Polyesterharz, das eine zusammenhängende Schicht auf dem Transferpapier bildet, auch dort übertragen, wo kein Farbstoff hinkommen soll.However, it was found that this method could not be implemented either, since the transfer paper has to be printed or coated in at least three steps and, in addition, such large quantities of polyester resin have to be transferred that the handle of the goods is negative, despite statements to the contrary in the patent being affected. In addition, the adhesive strength of the polyester resin to cotton fibers is heavily dependent on their water content. Only subliming dyes can be used. Finally, the polyester resin, which forms a coherent layer on the transfer paper, is also transferred where no dye is supposed to go.

Aus der Schweizer Patentschrift 560 286 ist bekannt, dass der Cellulosefaser durch chemische Modifizierung, insbesondere Acetylierung, Benzoylierung, Cyanäthylierung, Cyanurierung und Aufpfropfen von Styrol eine Affinität für Dispersionsfarbstoffe verliehen werden kamn. Obwohl Farbtiefe und Wassergriff bei der chemisch modifizierten Baumwolle zufriedenstellend sind, hat sich das Verfahren nicht richtig durchsetzen können, da die Methode aufwendig und kostspielig und die Waschechtheit der Drucke unbefriedigend ist (siehe z.B. Eisele und Fiebig, Melliand Textilberichte 61, 956-961 (1980)).From Swiss patent 560 286 it is known that the cellulose fiber can be given an affinity for disperse dyes by chemical modification, in particular acetylation, benzoylation, cyanoethylation, cyanurization and grafting of styrene. Although the color depth and water grip are satisfactory for chemically modified cotton, the process has not been able to assert itself properly, since the method is complex and expensive and the washfastness of the prints is unsatisfactory (see, for example, Eisele and Fiebig, Melliand Textile Reports 61, 956-961 (1980 )).

Schon seit langem ist bekannt, dass Baumwollfasern und andere Cellulosestoffe im Kontakt mit Wasser aufquellen, wobei die Ware voluminöser und biegsamer wird (siehe z.B. Valko und Limdi in "Textile Research Journal" 32, 331-337 (1962)). Die offene Struktur der gequollenen Cellulosestoffe wird leicht von wasserlöslichen, hochsiedenden Verbindungen durchdrungen. Es sind solche Verbindungen bekannt, welche die Quellung auch nach weitgehender Entfernung des Wassers aufrechterhalten. Solche die Quellung aufrechterhaltende Verbindungen sind z.B. Polyglykole und Polyglykolderivate, wie sie in der Deutschen Patentschrift 1 811 796 und der Deutschen Offenlegungsschrift 2 524 243 beschrieben sind. Polyglykole und Polyglykolderivate sind im allgemeinen gute Lösungsmittel für Dispersionsfarbstoffe. Wenn man beispielhaft ein Baumwollgewebe mit einer 10- bis 20-prozentigen wässrigen Lösung von Polyäthylenglykol 600 imprägniert, bei 120°C trocknet und dann bei 200 bis 210 °C thermobedruckt, so erhält man brillante, farbtiefe Drucke. Die gute Farbstoffaufnahme erklärt sich dadurch, dass das heisse Polyglykol, das sich beim Thermodruck noch in der Faser befindet, die Farbstoffdämpfe löst und den gelösten Farbstoff in den Fasern fein verteilt.It has long been known that cotton fibers and other cellulose substances swell in contact with water, the goods becoming more voluminous and flexible (see, for example, Valko and Limdi in "Textile Research Journal" 32, 331-337 (1962)). The open structure of the swollen cellulose materials is easily permeated by water-soluble, high-boiling compounds. Such compounds are known which maintain swelling even after the water has been largely removed. Such swell maintaining compounds are e.g. Polyglycols and polyglycol derivatives, as described in German Patent 1,811,796 and German Offenlegungsschrift 2,524,243. Polyglycols and polyglycol derivatives are generally good solvents for disperse dyes. If, for example, a cotton fabric is impregnated with a 10 to 20 percent aqueous solution of polyethylene glycol 600, dried at 120 ° C and then thermally printed at 200 to 210 ° C, brilliant, color-deep prints are obtained. The good dye absorption is explained by the fact that the hot polyglycol, which is still in the fiber during thermal printing, dissolves the dye vapors and finely distributes the dissolved dye in the fibers.

Diese Drucke haben allerdings mit den im Transferdruck üblichen Dispersionsfarbstoffen sehr schlechte Waschechtheiten, so dass sich dieses Verfahren bisher nicht durchgesetzt hat.However, these prints have very poor fastness to washing with the disperse dyes customary in transfer printing, so that this process has not been successful so far.

Das Problem der Waschechtheit liesse sich dadurch lösen, dass Dispersions- oder Küpenfarbstoffe benutzt werden, die in Wasser auch bei erhöhter Temperatur, beispielhaft 60°C, nahezu vollständig unlöslich sind. Diese Farbstoffe sind aber im normalen Transferdruck nicht übertragbar; selbst in dem für den Sublimations-Transferdruck ungewöhnlich hohen Temperaturbereich von 225 bis 235°C ist die Verdampfungsgeschwindigkeit dieser Farbstoffe im allgemeinen so gering, dass kein Transferdruck möglich ist.The problem of fastness to washing could be solved by using disperse or vat dyes that are almost completely insoluble in water even at elevated temperatures, for example 60 ° C. However, these dyes are not transferable in normal transfer printing; Even in the temperature range of 225 to 235 ° C, which is unusually high for sublimation transfer printing, the evaporation rate of these dyes is generally so slow that transfer printing is not possible.

Auch die aus der FR-A 2451 270 bekannte Benutzung von Vakuumkalandern, welche bei einem auf 5 bis 10 kPa (50 bis 100 mbar) reduzierten Luftdruck die mittlere freie Weglänge der Moleküle der Farbstoffdämpfe zu erhöhen gestatten, hat sich in der Praxis als wenig erfolgreich erwiesen, da die Verdampfungsgeschwindigkeit weiterhin sehr klein bleibt, die Farbstoffe mit nur geringer Ausbeute vom Umdruckträger auf das Substrat übertragen werden und die Drucke an Farbtiefe mangeln. Die Penetration des Textilgewebes bleibt unzureichend mit offensichtlich durch Aufbau grosser Farbstoffaggregate an der Oberfläche des Textilmaterials hervorgerufenen schlechten Reibechtheiten.The use of vacuum calenders known from FR-A 2451 270, which allow the mean free path of the molecules of the dye vapors to increase at an air pressure reduced to 5 to 10 kPa (50 to 100 mbar), has proved unsuccessful in practice proven because the evaporation rate remains very low, the dyes are transferred from the transfer medium to the substrate with only a low yield and the prints lack the color depth. The penetration of the textile fabric remains inadequate, with poor rub fastness obviously caused by the build-up of large dye aggregates on the surface of the textile material.

Die Erfindung hat sich nun zum Ziel gesetzt, die aufgezeigten Mängel zu beseitigen und einen Umdruckträger zu schaffen, der auf temporär vorbehandelten Cellulosefasern oder Mischfasern einen echten Druck auf normalem Wege ergibt, also ohne Vakuum, Trägerdampf usw., in gängigen Kalandern und mit bedeutend besseren Ergebnissen als bisher.The invention has now set itself the goal of eliminating the shortcomings shown and creating a transfer medium that gives real pressure on temporarily pretreated cellulose fibers or mixed fibers in the normal way, i.e. without vacuum, carrier steam, etc., in common calenders and with significantly better ones Results than before.

Dieses Ziel wird durch die Ausbildung des Umdruckträgers erzielt, wie er im ersten unabhängigen Patentanspruch definiert ist. Bevorzugte oder zweckmässige Ausbildungen können den abhängigen Ansprüchen entnommen werden.This goal is achieved by the formation of the transfer printing medium as defined in the first independent claim. Preferred or expedient training can be found in the dependent claims.

Ein weiterer Erfindungsgegenstand, nämlich ein Verfahren zum Transferdruck von Textilmaterialien, die ganz oder teilweise aus Cellulosefasern bestehen, ist durch die Verwendung des Umdruckträgers gemäss erster Erfindung gekennzeichnet, wie es im zweiten unabhängigen Anspruch 11 näher definiert ist.Another object of the invention, namely a method for the transfer printing of textile materials which consist wholly or partly of cellulose fibers, is characterized by the use of the transfer printing medium according to the first invention, as defined in the second independent claim 11.

Ein Merkmal des erfindungsgemässen Umdruckträgers ist die Anwesenheit einer sogenannten Releaseschicht auf dem Substrat des Umdruckträgers, das normalerweise Papier ist. Die Anwesenheit von solchen Releaseschichten kennt man bereits aus der oben erwähnten Patentschrift EP-A 36 639, aber auch aus der japanischen Veröffentlichung JP-A 5246 188 (Chem. Abstr. 87 (Nr. 6), S. 61, Ref. 40685e). Darin sind Transferpapiere geoffenbart, die eine Silikon-Releaseschicht tragen, welche dann noch mit einem Butylacrylat überschichtet wird. Erst darauf kommt der Druck, der einen sublimierbaren Farbstoff enthält. Diese Papiere wurden mit einem Anpressdruck von 3 kg/cm2 (ca. 300 kPa) bei 205° auf Baumwoll- oder Baumwoll-Polyester-Gewebe umgedruckt, die mit einem Quellmittel vorbehandelt waren.A feature of the transfer printing medium according to the invention is the presence of a so-called release layer on the substrate of the transfer printing medium, which is normally paper. The presence of such release layers is already known from the above-mentioned patent specification EP-A 36 639, but also from the Japanese publication JP-A 5246 188 (Chem. Abstr. 87 (No. 6), p. 61, Ref. 40685e) . It discloses transfer papers that have a silicone release layer, which is then covered with a butyl acrylate. Only then comes the print that contains a sublimable dye. These papers were transferred with a contact pressure of 3 kg / cm 2 (approx. 300 kPa) at 205 ° onto cotton or cotton-polyester fabrics which had been pretreated with a swelling agent.

Diese bekannten Umdruckträger unterscheiden sich von denen der vorliegenden Erfindung dadurch, dass sich zwischen der Trennschicht und dem Druckbild ein thermoplastischer Film befindet, und dass es sich um sublimierende Farbstoffe handelt. Es ist bekannt, dass die Waschechtheit solcher Farbstoffe auf Cellulosefasern ungenügend ist, auch wenn diese zuvor gequollen werden. Der übertragene thermoplastische Film wird den Warengriff nach dem Umdruck verschlechtern. Ausserdem ist nicht zu erfahren, ob die gequollene Ware vor dem Umdruck getrocknet wird.These known transfer printing substrates differ from those of the present invention in that there is a thermoplastic film between the separating layer and the printed image and that they are subliming dyes. It is known that the fastness to washing of such dyes on cellulose fibers is insufficient, even if they have been swollen beforehand. The transferred thermoplastic film will degrade the handle after transfer printing. In addition, it is not known whether the swollen goods are dried before transfer printing.

Erfindungsgemäss trägt die Releaseschicht des Umdruckträgers eine Mischung von einem Bindemittel mit einem oder mehreren Farbstoffen in Form einer einheitlich gefärbten Schicht oder eines Musters. Das Motiv kann mit einer beliebigen Druckmethode, z.B. im Tiefdruck, Siebdruck, Offset aufgetragen werden. Das aus Bindemittel und Farbstoffen bestehende Motiv, welches die Form entweder einer gefärbten Schicht oder eines oder mehrere Farbtöne enthaltenden Musters hat, wird in seiner Gesamtheit durch Anwendung von Druck und Temperatur auf das Textilsubstrat übertragen. Die Release-Schicht erleichtert die Übertragung des Motivs vom Umdruckträger auf die Textilbahn, indem sie die Stärke der Haftung des Motivs auf der Unterlage reduziert. ReleaseSchichten sind dem Fachmann wohl bekannt, sie bestehen beispielhaft aus einer Silikonharzschicht oder aus einer Schicht eines anderen Harzes mit geringen Hafteigenschaften. Das Bedrucken von Oberflächen mit einer Releaseschicht mit wässrigen Drucktinten ist wegen der schlechten Benetzbarkeit problematisch, deswegen werden vorteilhaft Tinten mit einem nichtwässrigen Lösungsmittel benutzt. Aber es eignen sich auch Nichtsilikone als Trennmittelschichten, z.B. aus Polyvinylalkohol, Polyamiden, Melamin.According to the invention, the release layer of the transfer carrier carries a mixture of a binder with one or more dyes in the form of a uniformly colored layer or a pattern. The motif can be printed using any printing method, e.g. can be applied in rotogravure, screen printing, offset. The motif consisting of binders and dyes, which has the form of either a colored layer or a pattern containing one or more shades, is transferred in its entirety to the textile substrate by applying pressure and temperature. The release layer makes it easier to transfer the motif from the transfer printing medium to the textile web by reducing the strength of the motif's adhesion to the base. Release layers are well known to the person skilled in the art, for example they consist of a silicone resin layer or a layer of another resin with low adhesive properties. The printing of surfaces with a release layer with aqueous printing inks is problematic because of the poor wettability, which is why inks with a non-aqueous solvent are advantageously used. But non-silicones are also suitable as release agent layers, e.g. made of polyvinyl alcohol, polyamides, melamine.

Das Bindemittel besteht aus einer oder mehreren hochmolekularen organischen Substanzen, von denen mindestens eine ein Filmbildner ist. Als hochmolekulare organische Substanzen sind solche geeignet, deren Erweichungs- bzw. Schmelzpunkt zwischen 50 ° und 150 °C, vorzugsweise bei 100 °C, liegt. Die hochmolekularen organischen Substanzen gehören beispielsweise zu der Klasse der Harze oder Wachse. Als Beispiele seien genannt natürliche Harze, Maleinatharze, Phenolharze, Harnstoffharze, Harze aus ungesättigten Kohlenwasserstoffen, Epoxidharze, Polyamidharze, Polyglykole mit einem Molekulargewicht von mindestens 1000, Polyolefinwachse, natürliche Wachse, Fischer-Tropsch-Wachse, Amidwachse, Fettsäureester, Fettalkohole.The binder consists of one or more high molecular weight organic substances, at least one of which is a film former. Suitable high-molecular organic substances are those whose softening or melting point is between 50 ° and 150 ° C., preferably 100 ° C. The high molecular weight organic substances belong, for example, to the class of resins or waxes. Examples include natural resins, maleate resins, phenolic resins, urea resins, resins made from unsaturated hydrocarbons, epoxy resins, polyamide resins, polyglycols with a molecular weight of at least 1000, polyolefin waxes, natural waxes, Fischer-Tropsch waxes, amide waxes, fatty acid esters, fatty alcohols.

Vorzugsweise werden Maleinatharze und Harze auf Basis des Kolophoniums benutzt, beispielhaft die Ester mehrwertiger Alkohole wie Glycerin-und Pentaerythrit-Ester.Maleinate resins and rosin-based resins are preferably used, for example the esters of polyhydric alcohols such as glycerol and pentaerythritol esters.

Die Farbstoffe sind dadurch charakterisiert, dass sie zu den Dispersions- und Küpenfarbstoffen gehören und dass sie in Wasser unlöslich sind.The dyes are characterized in that they belong to the disperse and vat dyes and that they are insoluble in water.

Zur Prüfung auf diese Eigenschaft werden gesättigte Lösungen oder Farbstoffe in siedender 0,1 molarer Natriumcarbonatlösung hergestellt und das optische Absorptionsvermögen mit einem kommerziellen Spektrometer gemessen. Nur solche Dispersions- oder Küpenfarbstoffe werden berücksichtigt, deren Absorptionsvermögen nicht grösser als 0,3 ist. Solche Farbstoffe sind aus der Deutschen Patentschrift 1 811 796 und aus der Deutschen Patentanmeldung 25 24 243 bekannt. Es handelt sich hauptsächlich um Moleküle mit einem Molekulargewicht grösser als 350 und hoher Sublimierechtheit, die schwierig zu verflüchtigen sind. Die Farbstoffe gehören beispielsweise zu folgenden Farbstofftypen:

  • Anthrachinonfarbstoffe, Azofarbstoffe, Indigofarbstoffe und Thioindigofarbstoffe. Als besonders vorteilhaft haben sich Farbstoffe der nachfolgend angegebenen Reihen erwiesen:
    • 1. halogenierte, vorzugsweise chlorierte oder bromierte Diphenylaminoanthrachinone;
    • 2. Alkylimide der 1,4-Diaminoanthrachinon-2,3-dicarbonsäure, deren Alkylgruppe einen oder zwei Phenylreste trägt;
    • 3. 1-Benzoylaminoanthrachinone, die in der 4-,5- oder 8-Position einen Phenyl-NH-Rest tragen;
    • 4. Phenylamide der 1-Phenylazo-2-hydroxy-3-naphthoesäure, vorzugsweise diejenigen, die frei von stickstoffhaltigen Substituenten sind; und
    • 5. Phenyl- oder Naphthylamide der -Phenylazoacetylessig- oder der -Phenylazobenzoylessigsäuren, insbesondere diejenigen, die frei von stickstoffhaltigen Substituenten sind.
To test this property, saturated solutions or dyes are prepared in boiling 0.1 molar sodium carbonate solution and the optical absorption capacity is measured with a commercial spectrometer. Only those disperse or vat dyes are considered whose absorption capacity is not greater than 0.3. Such dyes are known from German patent specification 1 811 796 and from German patent application 25 24 243. They are mainly molecules with a molecular weight greater than 350 and high sublimation fastness, which are difficult to volatilize. The dyes belong to the following types of dyes, for example:
  • Anthraquinone dyes, azo dyes, indigo dyes and thioindigo dyes. Dyes of the series indicated below have proven to be particularly advantageous:
    • 1. halogenated, preferably chlorinated or brominated diphenylaminoanthraquinones;
    • 2. alkylimides of 1,4-diaminoanthraquinone-2,3-dicarboxylic acid, the alkyl group of which carries one or two phenyl radicals;
    • 3. 1-benzoylaminoanthraquinones which carry a phenyl-NH radical in the 4-, 5- or 8-position;
    • 4. phenylamides of 1-phenylazo-2-hydroxy-3-naphthoic acid, preferably those which are free from nitrogen-containing substituents; and
    • 5. Phenyl- or naphthylamides of -phenylazoacetylacetic or -phenylazobenzoylacetic acids, in particular those which are free from nitrogen-containing substituents.

In allen diesen Farbstoffen können die Phenyl-und Benzoylreste einfache Substituenten enthalten, wie z.B. Methyl-, Äthyl-, Chlor-, Brom-, Methoxy-, Trifluormethylreste, sogar Butyl- oder Isoamylreste, vorzugsweise enthalten sie jedoch keine stickstoffhaltigen Substituenten.In all of these dyes the phenyl and benzoyl radicals can contain simple substituents, e.g. Methyl, ethyl, chlorine, bromine, methoxy, trifluoromethyl residues, even butyl or isoamyl residues, but preferably they do not contain any nitrogen-containing substituents.

Weitere charakteristische Beispiele sind:

  • 1-Amino-2-methoxy-4-toluolsulfonyl- aminoanthrachinon, 1,4- und 1,5-Dibutyrylaminoanthrachinon sowie die entspreehenden Derivate der Methoxybenzoesäure und Trifluoromethylbenzoesäure. Benzoylaminoisothiazolanthron, Diphenylamide der 1-Phenylazo-2-hydroxy-3-naphthoesäure, die an dem einen oder an dem anderen oder an beiden Phenylresten einen oder mehrere Substituenten tragen, die ausgewählt werden aus der Gruppe der Halogenatome, vor allem der Fluor-, Chlor-und Bromatome, der Methyl-, Äthyl-, Isopropyl-, Methoxy-, Äthoxy-, Trifluormethyl- und Acetylreste, 1-Benzoylamino-4-anilinoanthrachinon, 1-Phenylbenzoylamino-anthrachinon, 1-Phenylazobenzoylaminoanthrachinon, 1-Phenyl- benzoylamino-4-methoxyanthrachinon, 1-Benzoylamino-4-(p-isopropyl- oder -isoamylanilino)-anthrachinon, die Monoazofarbstoffe, die erhalten werden durch Kuppeln des Naphthanilids der Acetyl- oder Benzoylessigsäure mit diazotiertem Nitranilin oder Nitrotoluidin, das Produkt der Kupplung von Barbitursäure mit diazotiertem Nitroanisidin, diejenigen, die erhalten werden durch Kuppeln der Diazoverbindung von Nitrophenylanilin mit dem Naphthanilid der Acetylessigsäure oder Benzoylessigsäure, die Dioxazine, die erhalten werden durch Cyclisieren der Kondensationsprodukte von Chloranil (Tetrachlor-p-benzochinon) mit Naphthylamin, Aminopyren, Anilin und seinen Derivaten, wie p-Chloranilin, Toluidin, Anisidin, Cresidin, p-Isopropylanilin, m-Trifluormethylanilin und p-Dimethylaminoanilin.
Other characteristic examples are:
  • 1-Amino-2-methoxy-4-toluenesulfonylaminoanthraquinone, 1,4- and 1,5-dibutyrylaminoanthraquinone and the corresponding derivatives of methoxybenzoic acid and trifluoromethylbenzoic acid. Benzoylaminoisothiazolanthron, diphenylamides of 1-phenylazo-2-hydroxy-3-naphthoic acid, which carry one or more substituents on one or the other or on both phenyl radicals, which are selected from the group of halogen atoms, especially fluorine, chlorine and bromine atoms, the methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, methoxy, ethoxy, trifluoromethyl and acetyl residues, 1-benzoylamino-4-anilinoanthraquinone, 1-phenylbenzoylamino-anthraquinone, 1-phenylazobenzoylaminoanthraquinone, 1-phenyl-4-phenyl -methoxyanthraquinone, 1-benzoylamino-4- (p-isopropyl- or -isoamylanilino) -anthraquinone, the monoazo dyes obtained by coupling the naphthanilide of acetyl- or benzoylacetic acid with diazotized nitraniline or nitrotoluidine, the product of the coupling of barbituric acid Nitroanisidine, those obtained by coupling the diazo compound of nitrophenylaniline with the naphthanilide of acetylacetic acid or benzoylacetic acid, the dioxazines which are obtained by cyclizing the condensation products of chloranil (tetrachloro-p-benzoquinone) with naphthylamine, aminopyrene, aniline and its derivatives such as p-chloroaniline, toluidine, anisidine, cresidine, p-isopropylaniline, m-trifluoromethylaniline and p-dimethylaminoaniline.

Zur Auswahl der Farbstoffe muss von ihnen eine Drucktinte hergestellt werden. Diese Drucktinten können solche vom Offset-Typ, wässrige Drucktinten oder Lösungsmittel-Drucktinten sein, wobei die Techniken der Herstellung von Drucktinten bekannt sind.A printing ink must be produced from them to select the dyes. These printing inks can be offset-type, aqueous printing inks or solvent printing inks, and the techniques for producing printing inks are known.

Beispielhaft wird der Farbstoff in 100% reiner Form als trockener Presskuchen in einer Kugelmühle z.B. vom Typ "Dynomill" (Bachofen, Basel) in industriellem Äthylalkohol aufgemahlen, der ein aus der Technik des konventionellen Sublimations-Transferdrucks bekanntes Bindemittel, beispielhaft Äthylcellulose N-7 (Dow Chemicals) enthält.For example, the dye is used in 100% pure form as a dry press cake in a ball mill, e.g. of the "Dynomill" type (Bachofen, Basel) ground in industrial ethyl alcohol, which contains a binder known from the technique of conventional sublimation transfer printing, for example ethyl cellulose N-7 (Dow Chemicals).

Die bevorzugten Konzentrationen sind 5-10 % Bindemittel und maximal 10 % Farbstoff. Der Mahlvorgang wird so lange durchgeführt, bis 90 % der Farbstoffpartikel einen Durchmesser kleiner als drei Mikrometer und keines grösser als fünf Mikrometer hat. Mit den so hergestellten Drucktinten bedruckt man im Tiefdruck einen Papierträger, wie er von dem konventionellen Transferdruck bekannt ist. Mit diesen Umdruckträgern werden dann Umdruckversuche auf einem aufgequollenen Baumwollgewebe durchgeführt.The preferred concentrations are 5-10% binder and a maximum of 10% dye. The grinding process is carried out until 90% of the dye particles have a diameter of less than three micrometers and none of them larger than five micrometers. With the printing inks thus produced, a paper carrier is printed in gravure, as is known from conventional transfer printing. These transfer printing carriers are then used to carry out transfer printing tests on a swollen cotton fabric.

Das Aufquellen des Baumwollgewebes wurde nach der aus der deutschen Patentschrift 1 811 796 bekannten Anleitung durchgeführt.The swelling of the cotton fabric was carried out according to the instructions known from German patent specification 1,811,796.

Die Patentschrift lehrt, dass der durch Behandlung mit Wasser hervorgerufene Quellungszustand der Baumwolle durch Polyglykol, z.B., Polyaethylenglykol mit einem Molekulargewicht zwischen 300 und 1100, nach dem Trocknen aufrechterhalten werden kann, wobei die Konzentration des Glykols beispielsweise 10 bis 20 % des Baumwollgewichts beträgt.The patent teaches that the state of swelling of the cotton caused by water treatment by polyglycol, e.g., polyethylene glycol with a molecular weight between 300 and 1100, can be maintained after drying, the concentration of the glycol being, for example, 10 to 20% of the cotton weight.

Zur Farbstoffauswahl wird der Umdruckträger 30 sec. lang mit einem Anpressdruck von 50 kPa bei einer Temperatur von 230° C gegen das aufgequollene Baumwollgewebe gedrückt, während das Sandwich bei einem auf 10 kPa reduziertem Luftdruck gehalten wird.To select the dye, the transfer medium is pressed against the swollen cotton fabric for 30 seconds with a contact pressure of 50 kPa at a temperature of 230 ° C, while the sandwich is kept at an air pressure reduced to 10 kPa.

Es werden dabei diejenigen Farbstoffe ausgewählt, die bei diesen Umdruckbedingungen zu mindestens 60 % vom Umdruckträger auf das Textilsubstrat übergingen. Charakteristische Beispiele auf diese Weise selektionierter Farbstoffe sind:

  • Die gelben Farbstoffe:
  • C.I. Disperse Yellow 213
  • C.I. Disperse Yellow 214
  • C.I. Disperse Yellow 136
Those dyes are selected that have at least 60% of the transfer medium on the under these transfer printing conditions Textile substrate passed over. Typical examples of dyes selected in this way are:
  • The yellow dyes:
  • CI Disperse Yellow 213
  • CI Disperse Yellow 214
  • CI Disperse Yellow 136

Die roten Farbstoffe:

  • C.I. Disperse Red 346
  • C.I. Disperse Red 271
  • C.l. Disperse Red 220
The red dyes:
  • CI Disperse Red 346
  • CI Disperse Red 271
  • Cl Disperse Red 220

Die blauen Farbstoffe:

  • C.I. Disperse Blue 192
  • C.I. Disperse Blue 238
  • C.I. Disperse Blue 327
  • C.I. Disperse Blue 328
The blue dyes:
  • CI Disperse Blue 192
  • CI Disperse Blue 238
  • CI Disperse Blue 327
  • CI Disperse Blue 328

sowie C.l. Disperse Orange 125, C.l. Disperse Green 7, C.I. Disperse Violet 64, C.I. Disperse Violet 89 und C.l. Disperse Brown 21.as well as C.I. Disperse Orange 125, C.I. Disperse Green 7, C.I. Disperse Violet 64, C.I. Disperse Violet 89 and C.l. Disperse Brown 21

Zur Herstellung der erfindungsgemässen Umdruckträger mit diesen Farbstoffen wird eine Drucktinte hergestellt, die beispielsweise 10 % Farbstoff, 10 % Bindemittel und 80 % Lösungsmittel enthält. Mit dieser Drucktinte wird auf einem mit einer Release-Schicht versehenen Basispapier ein Motiv gedruckt, das einen oder mehrere Farbstoffe enthält.To produce the transfer printing medium according to the invention with these dyes, a printing ink is produced which contains, for example, 10% dye, 10% binder and 80% solvent. This printing ink is used to print a motif containing one or more dyes on a base paper provided with a release layer.

Mit den erfindungsgemässen Umdruckträgern wird dann bei 200°-230°C bei einem Anpressdruck von 10 kPa bis 1 MPa in 30-60 Sekunden der Umdruck auf trockener aufgequollener Baumwolle vorgenommen.With the transfer printing media according to the invention, the transfer printing on dry, swollen cotton is then carried out at 200 ° -230 ° C. at a contact pressure of 10 kPa to 1 MPa in 30-60 seconds.

Es werden brillante Drucke erzielt, die sich durch hohe Waschechtheiten mit teilweise hohen Lichtechtheiten auszeichnen.Brilliant prints are achieved, which are characterized by high wash fastness and sometimes high light fastness.

Der Warengriff ist bemerkenswert gut, und nach der ersten Wäsche sind die Reibechtheiten sehr gut.The handle is remarkably good, and after the first wash, the rub fastness is very good.

Die neuen Umdruckträger zeichnen sich durch die Möglichkeit aus, Farbstoffe einsetzen zu können, die im konventionellen Sublimations-Transferdruck wegen hoher Sublimier-Echtheit überhaupt nicht und in Sublimations-Transferdruck bei reduziertem Luftdruck trotz hohem maschinellem Aufwand nur mit mässigen Ausbeuten umgedruckt werden können. Damit ist es möglich, die Anpassungsfähigkeit des Transferdrucks auf Naturfasern bei Erhaltung der textilmechanischen Eigenschaften und Reepektierung der erforderlichen Echtheiten, insbesondere der Waschechtheiten, ausnützen zu können.The new transfer carriers are characterized by the possibility of being able to use dyes that cannot be transferred at all in conventional sublimation transfer printing due to their high sublimation fastness and in sublimation transfer printing with reduced air pressure, despite high mechanical expenditure, only with moderate yields. This makes it possible to utilize the adaptability of the transfer print on natural fibers while maintaining the textile mechanical properties and re-inspection of the required fastness properties, in particular the fastness to washing.

Beispiel 1:Example 1:

Eine Siebdrucktinte wird hergestellt durch Auflösen von 40 Teilen des Phthalatharzes "ERKAREX 1560" (R.Kraemer GmbH) und 5 Teilen Polywachs 6000 in 90 Teilen Äthylalkohol. Zu 150 Teilen dieser Lösung werden 50 Teile einer 20%igen alkoholischen Dispersion des Farbstoffs C.l. Disperse Red 346 zugegeben.A screen printing ink is produced by dissolving 40 parts of the "ERKAREX 1560" phthalate resin (R.Kraemer GmbH) and 5 parts of Polywachs 6000 in 90 parts of ethyl alcohol. 50 parts of a 20% alcoholic dispersion of the dye C.I. Disperse Red 346 added.

Damit wird in einer konventionellen Flachschablonen-Siebdruckmaschine ein Release-Papier bedruckt, das durch Beschichtung eines 60g/m2 Basispapiers mit Polyvinylalkohol Typ "Polyviol W 25/140" (Wacker-Chemie) hergestellt wurde.This is used to print a release paper in a conventional flat screen printing machine, which was produced by coating a 60 g / m 2 base paper with polyvinyl alcohol type "Polyviol W 25/140" (Wacker-Chemie).

Zur Vorbereitung des Umdrucks wird ein Baumwollgewebe mit einer Lösung von 10% Polypropylenglykol 425 in Wasser mit einem Foulard auf 100% Gewichtszunahme abgequetscht und eine Minute in einem Spannrahmen bei 120°C getrocknet. Zum Umdruck wird das Papier 45 sec. lang mit einer Thermodruckpresse der Firma Kannegiesser (Vlotho, BRD) mit einen Anpressdruck von 5 x 104 Pa bei 230° C (Temperatur der Heizplatte der Presse) gegen das vorbehandelte Baumwollgewebe gehalten.To prepare the transfer printing, a cotton fabric with a solution of 10% polypropylene glycol 425 in water is squeezed to 100% weight gain using a padder and dried in a tenter at 120 ° C. for one minute. For transfer printing, the paper is held against the pretreated cotton fabric for 45 seconds using a thermal printing press from Kannegiesser (Vlotho, FRG) with a contact pressure of 5 × 10 4 Pa at 230 ° C. (temperature of the heating plate of the press).

Es entsteht ein brillanter roter Druck mit guten Wasch-, Licht- und Schweiss-Echtheiten. Die Reibechtheiten sind akzeptabel. Nach Ausspülen des Gewebes in kaltem Wasser werden sie gut und nach einer 60° C- Wäsche sind sie sehr gut (Note 4-5 trocken und nass).The result is a brilliant red print with good fastness to washing, light and sweat. The rub fastnesses are acceptable. After rinsing the fabric in cold water they become good and after a 60 ° C wash they are very good (grade 4-5 dry and wet).

Beispiel 2:Example 2:

Für die Herstellung einer Offset-Tinte wird auf einem Dreiwalzenwerk ein Firnis hergestellt durch Mischen von 42 Teilen Lackleinöl, 20 Teilen Mineralöl und 38 Teilen eines Phenolharzes Typ "Albertol KP 351" (Hoechst AG).For the production of an offset ink, a varnish is produced on a three-roll mill by mixing 42 parts of lacquered linseed oil, 20 parts of mineral oil and 38 parts of a "Albertol KP 351" phenolic resin (Hoechst AG).

Die Druckfarbe wird auf einem Dreiwalzenwerk aus 20 Teilen des Farbstoffs C.I. Disperse Blue 327, 85 Teilen Firnis, 5 Teilen Aerosil R 972 (Degussa AG) und 2 Teilen Co-Sikkativ hergestellt.The printing ink is made on a three-roll mill from 20 parts of the dye C.I. Disperse Blue 327, 85 parts of varnish, 5 parts of Aerosil R 972 (Degussa AG) and 2 parts of co-siccative.

Ein Release-Papier wird hergestellt durch Beschichtung eines 60 g/m2 schweren Basispapiers mit einer Lösung aus 67 Teilen Äthylalkohol, 3 Teilen Toluol, 25 Teilen des Polyamidharzes "Eurelon 2300" (Schering AG) und 5 Teilen des Melaminharzes "Cibamin M-100" (Ciba-Geigy AG).A release paper is produced by coating a 60 g / m 2 base paper with a solution of 67 parts of ethyl alcohol, 3 parts of toluene, 25 parts of the "Eurelon 2300" polyamide resin (Schering AG) and 5 parts of the "Cibamin M-100 melamine resin "(Ciba-Geigy AG).

Dieses Release-Papier wird auf einer konventionellen Offset-Maschine der Firma "Heidelberg Offset" bedruckt. Zur Vorbereitung des Umdrucks wird ein Gewebe aus 50% Baumwolle und 50% Polyester durch Behandeln mit einer 10 %igen wässrigen Lösung von Polypropylenglykol 425 mit einem Foulard auf 80% Gewichtszunahme abgequetscht und eine Minute lang auf einem Spannrahmen bei 120°C getrocknet.This release paper is printed on a conventional offset machine from "Heidelberg Offset". To prepare the transfer printing, a fabric made of 50% cotton and 50% polyester is squeezed to 80% weight gain by treatment with a 10% aqueous solution of polypropylene glycol 425 using a foulard and dried on a tenter at 120 ° C. for one minute.

Dann wird das Offset-Release-Transferpapier 45 sec. lang mit einem Anpressdruck von 5 x 104 Pa bei 230° C auf das Mischgewebe abgedruckt.Then the offset-release transfer paper is printed on the mixed fabric for 45 seconds with a contact pressure of 5 × 10 4 Pa at 230 ° C.

Es entsteht ein brillanter blauer Druck. Der Griff des Gewebes und die Echtheiten sind bereits nach dem Umdruck akzeptabel, nach Ausspülen mit kaltem Wasser werden sie sehr gut.A brilliant blue print is created. The feel of the fabric and the fastness properties are acceptable after the transfer printing, after rinsing with cold water they become very good.

Beispiel 3:Example 3:

Der Teil eines Baumwollegewebes, der bedruckt werden soll, wird durch Besprühen mit einer 2%igen wässrigen Lösung von Polyäthylenglykol 600 vorbehandelt. Anschliessend wird 30 sec. bei 190° C getrocknet. Zum Bedrucken wird ein nach Beispiel 2 hergestellter Umdruckträger 45 sec. lang bei 230° C, einem Anpressdruck von 5 x 104 Pa und einem Luftdruck von 2 x 104 Pa auf den vorbehandelten Teil des Baumwollgewebes gebracht.The part of a cotton fabric that is to be printed is pretreated by spraying with a 2% aqueous solution of polyethylene glycol 600. The mixture is then dried at 190 ° C. for 30 seconds. For printing, a transfer substrate produced according to Example 2 is placed on the pretreated part of the cotton fabric for 45 seconds at 230 ° C., a contact pressure of 5 × 10 4 Pa and an air pressure of 2 × 10 4 Pa.

Es entsteht ein brillanter blauer Druck mit sehr guter Penetration.The result is a brilliant blue print with very good penetration.

Beispiel 4:Example 4:

Eine Stammverdickung für eine Tiefdrucktinte wird hergestellt durch Auflösen von 12.5 Teilen eines Glycerin-Harzesters Typ "Halwepal - G" (Chemische Werke Hüttenes -Albertus) in einer Mischung aus 40 Teilen Äthylalkohol und 40 Teilen Methyl - Äthyl -Keton. Diese Stammverdickung wird in drei Teile geteilt.A stock thickening for a gravure ink is produced by dissolving 12.5 parts of a glycerol resin ester type "Halwepal - G" (Chemische Werke Hüttenes-Albertus) in a mixture of 40 parts of ethyl alcohol and 40 parts of methyl - ethyl ketone. This thickening of the trunk is divided into three parts.

Zu dem ersten Teil dieser Lösung werden mit einer Kugelmühle vom Typ "Dynomill" (Bachofen AG) in 92.5 Teilen Stammverdickung 7.5 Teile des Farbstoffs C.1. Disperse Red 346 aufgemahlen. Der Mahlvorgang wird so lange durchgeführt, bis 90% der Farbstoffpartikel kleiner als 3 Mikrometer und die grössten Partikel kleiner als 5 Mikrometer sind.For the first part of this solution, 7.5 parts of the dye C.1. Are mixed in 92.5 parts of stock thickening using a "Dynomill" ball mill (Bachofen AG). Ground Disperse Red 346. The milling process is carried out until 90% of the dye particles are smaller than 3 micrometers and the largest particles are smaller than 5 micrometers.

In dem zweiten Teil der Lösung werden auf die gleiche Weise 8% des Farbstoffs C.I. Disperse Yellow 213 und in dem dritten Teil der Stammverdickung werden 9.5% des Farbstoffs C.l.Disperse Blue 327 dispergiert.In the second part of the solution, 8% of C.I. Disperse Yellow 213 and in the third part of the stock thickening 9.5% of the dye C.I. Disperse Blue 327 are dispersed.

Damit werden drei Tiefdrucktinten in den Farbtönen rot, gelb und blau erhalten.This gives three gravure inks in shades of red, yellow and blue.

Mit einer konventionellen Tiefdruckmaschine wird dann mit drei Zylindern das Basis-Release-Papier, das in Beispiel 1 beschrieben wurde, bedruckt. Nach jedem Zylinder muss zwischengetrocknet werden.With a conventional gravure printing machine, the base release paper described in Example 1 is then printed with three cylinders. Intermediate drying is required after each cylinder.

Die Zylinder werden so graviert, dass die Oberlagerung der drei Drucke nach dem Trichomie-Prinzip die bildliche Abbildung eines vorgelegten Motivs liefert.The cylinders are engraved in such a way that the superimposition of the three prints according to the trichomy principle provides an image of a motif.

Zur Vorbereitung des Umdrucks wird ein Gewebe aus mercerisierter Baumwolle mit einer zehnprozentigen wässrigen Lösung eines Polyglykol-Borsäureesters, der unter dem Namen "Glyecin -CD" (BASF) in Handel ist auf 100% Gewichtszunahme geklotzt und eine Minute im Spannrahmen bei 120° C getrocknet. Auf der derartig vorbereiteten Ware wird das Helio-Release-Transfer-Papier 40 Sekunden bei 230° C mit einem Anpressdruck von 105 Pa abgedruckt.To prepare the transfer, a fabric made of mercerized cotton with a ten percent aqueous solution of a polyglycol-boric acid ester, which is commercially available under the name "Glyecin-CD" (BASF), is padded to 100% weight gain and dried in a stenter at 120 ° C for one minute . The helio-release transfer paper is printed on the goods prepared in this way for 40 seconds at 230 ° C. with a contact pressure of 10 5 Pa.

Es entsteht ein brillanter mehrfarbiger Druck mit guten Licht-und Nassechtheiten.A brilliant multicolored print with good light and wet fastness results.

Claims (14)

1.- Transfer sheets for the heat transfer printing of textile materials which contain cellulosic fibers pre-treated for swelling, said sheets comprising an inert, flexible substrate having a release coating on at least one surface thereof, said release coating carrying a dyestuff-containing coating or design, characterized by the fact that the dyestuff-containing coating or design is a mixture containing
1) a binder in the form of at least one high molecular organic substance having a softening point comprised between 50 and 150°C, and
2) at least one disperse or vat dyestuff having such an insolubility in an aqueous phase that its boiling, saturated solution in 0.1 molar aqueous sodium carbonate has an optical absorptivity not exceeding 0.3, and that it is transferred from a transfer paper normally used in heat transfer printing, at a rate of not more than 40% when said transfer sheet is pressed under a contact pressure of 5 kPa and under atmospheric air pressure for 30 seconds at 200°C against a cotton fabric swollen with water and whose swollen state has been preserved after drying by a polyglycol or a polyglycol derivate, and that it is transferred at a rate of more than 60 % when said transfer sheet is pressed under a contact pressure of 50 kPa, at an air pressure of 10 kPa, for 30 seconds at 230°C against the same cotton fabric.
2. - Transfer sheets according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the binder contains at least one resin selected from the following classes: natural resins, maleinate resins, phenolic resins, urea resins, unsaturated hydrocarbon based resins, epoxy resins, polyamide resins and rosin modified resins.
3. - Transfer sheets according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the binder further contains at least one wax selected from the following classes: polyglycols having a molecular weight of at least 1000, polyolefine waxes, natural waxes, Fischer-Tropsch waxes, amide waxes, fatty acid esters and fatty alcohols.
4. - Transfer sheets according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized by the fact that the dyestuff comprises an azo dyestuff, anthraquinone dyestuff, indigo dyestuff or thioindigo dyestuff, the dyestuff having a molecular weight in the range of 350 to 600.
5. - Transfer sheets according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterized by the fact that the dyestuff comprises a dyestuff of the general formula
Figure imgb0002
wherein:
D represents a radical of a diazo component of the aniline, aminoazobenzene, aminophtalimide, anthraquinone or benzanthrone series,
R represents C, to C4 alkyl or phenyl which is optionally substituted by chlorine, bromine, methyl, methoxy or ethoxy, and
Rt represents phenyl, optionally substituted by chlorine, bromine, methyl, ethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, benzyloxy, phenoxy, chlorophenoxy, optionally N-substituted carbamoyl, sulfamoyl or phtalimidyl, Ct to C8 alcoxycarbonyl, cyano or phenylsulfonyl.
6. - Transfer sheets according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterized by the fact that the dyestuff comprises a phenyloxyacetamino, phenyl-OCO-O-, phenyl-OCO-NH- or benzoylamino group, such group being bonded to a monoanthraquinone nucleus, said phenyl or benzoyl moieties optionally carrying one or more substituents selected from methyl, ethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, trifluoromethyl, fluoro, chloro and bromo.
7. - Transfer sheets according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterized by the fact that they contain at least one or more of the following dyestuffs:
(a) halogenated dianilino anthraquinones;
(b) N-alkylimides of the 1,4-diaminoanthraquinone-2,3-dicarboxylic acid, said alkyl group being substituted by one or two benzene radicals;
(c) arylides of the 1-phenylazo-2-hydroxy-3-naphthoic acid;
(d) naphthyl amides of -phenylazo-acetylacetic acids and phenyl amides of -phenylazo- benzoylacetic acids; or
(e) 1-benzoylamino-anthraquinones substituted in the 4, or 8 position by phenyl-NH-, said phenyl or benzoyl moieties being optionally substituted by methyl, ethyl, methoxy, ethoxy trifluoromethyl, fluoro, chloro or bromo.
8. - Transfer sheets according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterized by the fact that one of the dyestuffs is 1-benzoylamino-4- or -5-anilino anthraquinone wherein at least one of the benzoyl and anilino moieties is at least once substituted by fluoro, chloro, lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, trifluoromethyl or bromo.
9. - Transfer sheets according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterized by the fact that they contain at least one dyestuff selected from the group formed by
C.I. Disperse Yellow 214
C.I. Disperse Yellow 213
C.I. Disperse Red 346
C.I. Disperse Blue 327
C.I. Disperse Blue 328
C.I. Disperse Brown 21
C.I. Disperse Violet 89.
10. - Transfer sheets according to one or more of claims 1 to 9, characterized by the fact that the dyestuffs are transferred, following analoguous sublimation curves, from a paper transfer sheet normally used in heat transfer printing, in the temperature range from 220 to 240° C at a contact pressure of 50 kPa, an air pressure of 10 kPa and a contact time of 45 seconds, to a cotton fabric pre-swollen with water, the swollen state thereof being preserved after water removal by 10% of polyethylene glycol 600.
11. - A process for the heat transfer printing of textile material of cellulosic fibers or of mixtures thereof with synthetic fibers, comprising swelling the cellulosic fibers with water and preserving their swollen state on drying by a polyglycol or a polyglycol derivative, this textile material then being contacted with a transfer sheet at elevated temperatures, characterized by the fact that a transfer sheet of one of claims 1 to 10 is used which is held in contact with the textile material during 30 to 60 seconds at 200° to 230° at a contact pressure of from 10 kPa to 1 MPa.
12. - The process of claim 11, characterized by the fact that the transfer printing is operated at an air pressure of from 10 to 50 kPa.
13. - The process of claims 11 or 12, characterized by the fact that the polyglycol or its derivative as well as transferred binder are removed from the textile material after the transfer, preferably by rinsing with water or a solvent.
14. - The process of one or more of claims 11 to 13, characterized by the fact that the textile material is sprayed on part or the whole of its surface, prior to the transfer printing, with an aqueous solution of less than 0.5% of a polyglycol or a polyglycol derivative, and then dried.
EP83810295A 1982-07-12 1983-06-30 Transfer sheets for the thermal dry-printing of cellulosic fibres Expired EP0099333B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83810295T ATE22418T1 (en) 1982-07-12 1983-06-30 TRANSFER CARRIER FOR THERMAL DRY PRINTING OF CELLULOSE FIBERS.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH4225/82 1982-07-12
CH422582 1982-07-12

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EP0099333A1 EP0099333A1 (en) 1984-01-25
EP0099333B1 true EP0099333B1 (en) 1986-09-24

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EP83810295A Expired EP0099333B1 (en) 1982-07-12 1983-06-30 Transfer sheets for the thermal dry-printing of cellulosic fibres
EP83901895A Pending EP0114833A1 (en) 1982-07-12 1983-06-30 Carrier surface for dry thermal printing of cellulose fibers

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EP83901895A Pending EP0114833A1 (en) 1982-07-12 1983-06-30 Carrier surface for dry thermal printing of cellulose fibers

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US (1) US4682983A (en)
EP (2) EP0099333B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS59501255A (en)
AT (1) ATE22418T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3366444D1 (en)
WO (1) WO1984000325A1 (en)

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FI78514C (en) * 1983-12-16 1989-08-10 Sicpa Holding Sa TRANSFERTRYCKPLATTA, FOERFARANDE FOER DESS FRAMSTAELLNING, TRYCKSVAERTA FOER ANVAENDNING I FOERFARANDET SAMT TRANSFERTRYCKNINGSFOERFARANDE FOER ATT TRYCKA TEXTILUNDERLAG MEDELST TRANSFERTRYCKPLATTAN.
US4977134A (en) * 1989-07-21 1990-12-11 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Thermal transfer imaging using sulfonylaminoanthraquinone dyes
US4988664A (en) * 1989-07-21 1991-01-29 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Thermal transfer imaging using alkylcarbonylamino-anthraquinone dyes
US5034547A (en) * 1989-07-21 1991-07-23 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Anthraquinone dyes having alkylsulfonylamino substituents
JPH0463269U (en) * 1990-10-08 1992-05-29
AT402741B (en) * 1995-10-13 1997-08-25 Chemiefaser Lenzing Ag METHOD FOR PRODUCING CELLULOSIC FIBERS
JP2002173895A (en) * 2000-09-25 2002-06-21 Nippon Paper Industries Co Ltd Gravure printing paper
US20050150625A1 (en) * 2000-09-25 2005-07-14 Takashi Ochi Gravure paper
JP4911876B2 (en) * 2001-12-26 2012-04-04 日本製紙株式会社 Dull tone coated paper for printing

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ATE22418T1 (en) 1986-10-15
US4682983A (en) 1987-07-28
EP0099333A1 (en) 1984-01-25
JPS59501255A (en) 1984-07-19
WO1984000325A1 (en) 1984-02-02
DE3366444D1 (en) 1986-10-30
EP0114833A1 (en) 1984-08-08

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