EP0098788B1 - Kombination eines Kühlmediumkreislaufs und eines Heisswasservorwärmers, Klimaanlage mit einer solchen Kombination und Teil einer solchen Anlage mit einer solchen Kombination - Google Patents

Kombination eines Kühlmediumkreislaufs und eines Heisswasservorwärmers, Klimaanlage mit einer solchen Kombination und Teil einer solchen Anlage mit einer solchen Kombination Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0098788B1
EP0098788B1 EP19830630107 EP83630107A EP0098788B1 EP 0098788 B1 EP0098788 B1 EP 0098788B1 EP 19830630107 EP19830630107 EP 19830630107 EP 83630107 A EP83630107 A EP 83630107A EP 0098788 B1 EP0098788 B1 EP 0098788B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
water
heat exchange
temperature
temperature sensor
valve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19830630107
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0098788A2 (de
EP0098788A3 (en
Inventor
Michael E. Smorol
Michael C. Wituszynski
Theodore L. Woollis
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Carrier Corp
Original Assignee
Carrier Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US06/394,575 external-priority patent/US4492092A/en
Application filed by Carrier Corp filed Critical Carrier Corp
Publication of EP0098788A2 publication Critical patent/EP0098788A2/de
Publication of EP0098788A3 publication Critical patent/EP0098788A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0098788B1 publication Critical patent/EP0098788B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
    • F24D17/02—Domestic hot-water supply systems using heat pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B40/00—Subcoolers, desuperheaters or superheaters
    • F25B40/04—Desuperheaters

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a combination refrigeration circuit including a compressor and a hot water heating system which comprises:
  • a typical vapor compression refrigeration system various components such as a compressor, condenser, evaporator and an expansion device are arranged to transfer heat energy between fluid in heat exchange relation with the evaporator and fluid in heat exchange relation with the condenser. It is also known in conjunction with such refrigeration systems to utilize desuperheaters for removing superheat energy from the gaseous refrigerant prior to circulating said refrigerant to the condenser.
  • a hot water heater In a conventional building installation a hot water heater is provided to supply heated water to an enclosure. Many hot water heaters have a cold water inlet connected to an inlet extension pipe and a hot water outlet extending through the top of the hot water tank. It is known to make the appropriate water connections between a hot water heater and a refrigeration circuit desuperheater such that water is conducted from the water supply system to the refrigerant desuperheater where it is preheated prior to being conducted back to the hot water tank. In air conditioning systems when cooling is required, heat energy is transferred from the enclosure and discharged to the ambient or some other heat sink. This heat energy is often wasted.
  • this heat energy that is unwanted in the enclosure may be utilized to supply heat energy to water to provide heated water for various end uses.
  • This heated water may be used for bathing, cleaning, cooking or other uses in a residence.
  • Commercial applications include restaurants, supermarkets, process utilization and any other application wherein waste energy or excess energy from a refrigeration system may be utilized to provide some or all of the hot water heating needs.
  • refrigeration circuits are capable of teversing the cycle of operation for providing heat energy to the enclosure during the heating season.
  • This type of refrigeration circuit is commonly referred to as a heat pump. If it is desirable, some of the heat energy provided during the heating season with the heat pump may also be utilized to supply hot water through the disclosed hot water heater refrigerant desuperheater.
  • a triple split system as utilized herein will include a refrigeration circuit having three separate sections, an outdoor section including an outdoor heat exchanger mounted in heat exchange relation with the ambient air, an indoor section mounted in heat exchange relation with the heat transfer fluid being circulated throughout the enclosure for effecting heating or cooling, and a compressor section including the compressor of the refrigeration circuit and the combination refrigerant desuperheater hot water heater.
  • the control of the water flow through the combination desuperheater hot water heater is specifically arranged to allow for efficient and safe operation of the system.
  • a pump is operated continuously when the compressor of the refrigeration circuit is operated such that water is continually circulated from the water connecting system to the heat exchanger.
  • a bypass line is located in a parallel flow path with the combination desuperheater hot water heater.
  • the bypass line includes a restricted orifice for limiting the volume of water flow through the bypass line.
  • An entering water temperature sensing device is located to sense the temperature of the water entering the unit.
  • a leaving water temperature sensing device is located to sense the temperature of the water leaving the combination desuperheater hot water preheater.
  • a valve is located to control the flow of water through the combination desuperheater hot water heater and a safety sensor is located to determine the temperature of the water being discharged back to the hot water heating system.
  • the pump operating in conjunction with the compressor acts to circulate water through the combination desuperheater hot water preheater when the incoming water temperature is below the desired water temperature and when the leaving water temperature is above the temperature to which it is desired to heat the water.
  • the safety sensor serves to de-energize the complete control circuit including the compressor of the refrigeration circuit to prevent water flow from the combination desuperheater hot water heater should the water temperature rise above a safe level for delivery of water within the residence. All of the temperature sensors are connected in series to the water valve to form an integrated control arrangement for regulating the flow of water through the combination desuperheater preheater.
  • the utilization of the restricted flow bypass allows for a continual amount of water circulation such that accurate temperature readings may be maintained.
  • the addition of the safety temperature sensor for controlling the water valve in the system allows potential hot water overheating problems to be avoided should either of the primary control components fail. In a residence it is possible to open a hot water tap and to get a short blast of extremely hot water directly from the preheater. By providing this safety device water above an excessive temperature is not allowed to enter the water tank or the return line to the hot water heating system and hence potential problems are avoided.
  • a typical prior art system is disclosed in EP-A-0 027 995, in which a combination refrigeration circuit is disclosed including a compressor and hot water heating system.
  • Water is circulated by means of a pump from a water inlet, through a heat exchanger to a water outlet.
  • the heat exchanger is connected also to receive hot gaseous refrigerant from the refrigeration system.
  • a valve is provided to control flow of water from the heat exchanger as a function of the temperatures of the water at the water inlet and of the water leaving the heat exchanger.
  • a bypass is connected in parallel to the series connected heat exchanger and valve.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a combination refrigeration circuit of the type defined hereinbefore which reliably controls the temperature at the outlet of hot water system.
  • this object is achieved in such a combination refrigeration circuit by a safety temperature sensor for sensing the temperature of the water flowing to the water outlet through the third conduit means; and in that said circuit means connecting the safety temperature sensor to the valve means for closing the valve to prevent the flow of water through the heat exchange means when the temperature of the water being circulated in heat exchange relation with the safety temperature sensor exceeds a threshold temperature and to open the valve means when all three sensors detect appropriate water temperatures.
  • the integration of the compressor and combination desuperheater hot water heater in the compressor section of the unit reduces field refrigerant connections and the possibilities of installation errors.
  • the appropriate refrigerant connections are made in the factory.
  • the provision of both components in a single cabinet reduces the number of components that must be mounted as part of installation of the system.
  • the system is factory wired such that the number of field wiring connections required is reduced.
  • control for the utilization of the combination hot water heater desuperheater as disclosed herein is utilized in conjunction with a triple split air conditioning system. It is to be understood that the control of a refrigerant desuperheater hot water preheater may be used in other applications and is not limited to this specific structural combination.
  • the air conditioning system includes a compressor section 10, indoor section 90 and outdoor section 92.
  • the hot water heating system includes a water storage tank 54, outlet line 56 and hot and cold water lines 58 and 60. It is through these hot and cold water lines 58 and 60 that the water heating portion of the compressor section 10 is connected.
  • the refrigeration circuit includes a compressor 12, connecting line 14, muffler 16, connecting line 18, combination desuperheater hot water preheater 20 including refrigerant carrying loop 19, connecting line 22, reversing valve 24, connecting line 26, accumulator 28 and compressor suction line 30.
  • reversing valve 24 Connected to reversing valve 24 is refrigerant conduit 32 also connected to indoor coil 36.
  • Indoor coil 36 is connected by conduit 44, to expansion device 46, conduit 48, expansion device 50, conduit 52, and to outdoor coil 38.
  • Outdoor coil 38 is connected by conduit 34 to the reversing valve.
  • the water circuit includes a water storage tank 54, cold water line 58, entering water temperature sensor 62, pump 64, conduit 66, the water bearing portion 67 of the combination desuperheater hot water preheater 20, leaving water temperature sensor 68, water valve 70 and safety switch 72.
  • Bypass 74 is provided with a restriction device 76 connecting conduit 66 to conduit 70.
  • the compressor section includes the compressor, accumulator, muffler, reversing valve and the various components of the hot water preheating system.
  • the indoor section 90 includes indoor heat exchanger 32 and fan 40.
  • Outdoor section 92 includes outdoor heat exchanger 38 and outdoor fan 42.
  • FIG. 2 is another schematic view of the hot water heating system, there may be seen a closed water loop.
  • Cold water line 58 is connected such that water inlet 63 has thermal switching device 62 in heat . exchange relation therewith.
  • pump 64 for circulating water between the hot water storage tank 54 and the combination desuperheater preheater 20.
  • First conduit means 66 is connected to pump 64 and to combination hot water heater desuperheater 20.
  • the water carrying loop thereof, loop 67 is connected both to conduit 66 and to second conduit 69.
  • Second conduit 69 is connected to water valve 70 and has in heat exchange relation therewith leaving water temperature sensor 68.
  • Bypass conduit 74 connects first conduit 66 with third conduit 60.
  • a restriction 76 having a very narrow orifice for restricting water flow therethrough is mounted within bypass line 74.
  • Safety sensor 72 is located in heat exchange relation with conduit 60 for detecting the temperature of water flowing therethrough.
  • entering water temperature sensor 62 is designed to close forming an electrical connection when the temperature sensed drops to 51.5°C or below and to open when it reaches a temperature of 60°C or above.
  • Leaving water temperature sensor 68 is designed to close when the water temperature reaches 57°C and open when the water temperature drops to 37.8°C.
  • Water temperature safety sensor 72 is designed to open when the water temperature rises to a temperature of 82°C and to close when the water temperature falls to a temperature of 71°C.
  • Lines L-1 and L-2 are indicated in Figure 3 to be the control circuit power source.
  • Connecting line L-1 to normally open safety sensor relay contacts 82 is wire 100.
  • Wire 101 connects contacts 82 to the compressor relay contacts CR and to entering water temperature thermostat 62.
  • Wire 104 connects contacts CR to the compressor contactor and to pump 64.
  • Wire 103 connects line L-2 to the compressor contactor, to pump 64 and to water solenoid valve 70.
  • Entering water temperature thermostat 62 is connected via wire 105 to leaving water temperature sensor 68 which is connected via wire 107 to water solenoid valve 70.
  • pump 64 acts to circulate water from either the storage tank 54 or cold water line 58 through the hot water preheating system and back to storage tank 54.
  • the pump is operated continuously during times the compressor is operated and acts to circulate water through the combination desuperheater hot water heater and/or to provide a minor flow of water through bypass conduit 74 and restriction 76. This continual minor flow of water allows the temperature of the water in the tank to be continually monitored at entering water thermostat 62.
  • the water solenoid valve 70 is normally closed.
  • the water solenoid valve 70 is only opened at such times when all three temperature sensors, the entering water temperature sensor, the leaving water temperature and the safety sensor are closed by sensing the appropriate temperature conditions. Hence, should the entering water temperature be below 60°C indicating that additional heating is needed and should the leaving water temperature sensor be closed since the leaving water temperature from the combination desuperheater hot water heater is above 57°C indicating that the water has been sufficiently heated and should the safety sensor, which is normally closed, detect a temperature less than 82°C indicating that the water has not been excessively heated then, in such event, the water solenoid valve is opened and water is circulated through the combination desuperheater and preheater back to storage tank 54.
  • the entering water temperature sensor detects water above 60°C then the sensor is opened and there is no water flow through the combination desuperheater hot water preheater.
  • the leaving water temperature thermostat detect a temperature less than 57°C then the sensor will not close and the valve will remain closed. Once the temperature reaches 57°C the valve will be opened until such time as the water temperature drops to 37.8°C at which time the leaving water temperature sensor is opening thereby closing the water valve.
  • the entering water temperature thermostat additionally is designed to sense the water temperature and open once the water temperature is above 60°C. The sensor is further designed to delay until the incoming water temperature drops to 51.5°C before closing.
  • the safety switch which is mounted to detect the temperature of the water being circulated back to the storage tank is designed to open at 82°C and to close at 71°C. Hence, should the water being discharged from the system exceed 82°C the safety temperature sensor will open de-energizing the unit including the compressor and the pump and the water solenoid valve closing the valve. This safety sensor will remain open until the temperature drops back to 71°C.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)

Claims (4)

1. Kombinierter Kälteerzeugungskreis mit einem Kompressor (12) und einem Warmwasserheizsystem mit:
einem Wassereinlaß (58) zum Empfangen von zu erwärmendem Wasser;
einem Wasserauslaß (60) zum Abgeben von Wasser;
einer Pumpe (64) zum Empfangen von Wasser aus dem Wassereinlaß (58) und zum Unwälzen des Wassers durch das Wasserheizsystem, wobei die Pumpe in Verbindung mit dem Kompressor gespeist wird;
einer Wärmetauscheinrichtung (20) zum Empfangen von gasförmigem Kältemittel aus dem Kälteerzeugungskreis und zum Übertragen von Wärmeenergie von dem Kältemittel auf das Wasser, welches durch das Warmwasserheizsystem strömt;
einer ersten Wasserleitungseinrichtung (66), welche die Wärmetauscheinrichtung (20) mit der Pumpe (64) verbindet;
einer Ventileinrichtung (70) zum Steuern des Stroms von Wasser von der Wärmetauscheinrichtung (20) zu dem Wasserauslaß (60);
einer zweiten Wasserleitungseinrichtung, welche die Wärmetauscheinrichtung (20) mit der Ventileinrichtung (70) verbindet;
einer dritten Wasserleitungseinrichtung, welche die Ventileinrichtung (70) mit dem Wasserauslaß (60) verbindet;
einer Bypasseinrichtung (76) mit einer DurchflußdrosselsteIle zur Durchflußbegrenzung, die die erste Leitungseinrichtung (6.6) mit der dritten Leitungseinrichtung verbindet;
einem Eintrittswassertemperatursensor (62) zum Abfühlen der Temperatur des durch den Wassereinlaß (58) zu der Wärmetauscheinrichtung (20) stömenden Wassers;
einem Austrittswassertemperatursensor (68) zum Abfühlen der Temperatur des aus der Wärmetauscheinrichtung durch die zweite Leitungseinrichtung strömenden Wassers; und
einer Schaltungsanordnung (105, 107), welche die Ventileinrichtung (70) enthält, die mit dem Eintrittswassertemperatursensor (62) und dem Austrittswassertemperatursensor (68) in Reihe geschaltet ist, so daß die Ventileinrichtung (70) offen ist und den Wasserdurchfluß nur dann gestattet, wenn beide Sensoren (62, 68) geeignete Wassertemperaturen erfassen;
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Sicherheitstemperatursensor (72) vorgesehen ist zum Abfühlen der Temperatur des durch die dritte Leitungseinrichtung zu dem Wasserauslaß (60) strömenden Wassers einschließlich des durch die Bypasseinrichtung strömenden Wassers; und daß die Schaltungsanordnung (105, 107) den Sicherheitstemperatursensor (72) mit der Ventileinrichtung verbindet, um das Ventil zu schließen und den Durchfluß von Wasser durch die Wärmetauscheinrichtung (20) zu verhindern, wenn die Temperatur des Wassers, das in Wärmetauschbeziehung mit dem Sicherheitstemperatursensor umgewälzt wird, eine Schwellentemperatur überschreitet, und um die Ventileinrichtung (70) zu öffnen, wenn alle drei Sensoren (62, 68, 72) geeignete Wassertemperaturen erfassen.
2. Kreis nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Eintrittswassertemperatursensor (62) eine Wärmeabfühlvorrichtung ist, die so ausgelegt ist, daß sie über 60°C öffnet und unter 51,5°C schließt, und daß der Austrittswassertemperatursensor (68) eine Wärmeabfühlvorrichtung ist, die so ausgelegt ist, daß sie unter 37,8°C öffnet und über 57°C schließt, so daß, wenn das in das Heizsystem eintretende Wasser bereits ausreichend erwärmt ist, die Ventileinrichtung (70) geschlossen bleiben wird, und, wenn das aus der Wärmetauscheinrichtung (20) strömende Wasser nicht ausreichend erwärmt ist, die Ventileinrichtung (70) geschlossen bleiben wird.
3. Kreis nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Sicherheitssensor (72) eine Wärmeabfühlvorrichtung ist, die mit der Ventileinrichtung (70) zum Entregen derselben elektrisch verbunden ist, um die Ventileinrichtung (70) am Öffnen zu hindern, das eine Strömung aus dem Wärmetauscher gestattet, wenn die erfaßte Temperatur gleich oder größer als 82°C ist.
4. Schaltung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schaltungsanordnung (105, 107) eine Einrichtung (100, 101) enthält zum Verbinden des Sicherheitstemperatursensors (72) mit dem Kompressor (12) und der Pumpe (64) zum Abschalten des Kompressors und der Pumpe und zum Verhindern des Durchflusses von Wassers durch die Wärmetauscheinrichtung (70), wenn die Temperatur des Wassers, das in Wärmetauschbeziehung mit dem Sicherheitstemperatursensor (72) umgewälzt wird, die Schwellentemperatur übersteigt.
EP19830630107 1982-07-02 1983-06-28 Kombination eines Kühlmediumkreislaufs und eines Heisswasservorwärmers, Klimaanlage mit einer solchen Kombination und Teil einer solchen Anlage mit einer solchen Kombination Expired EP0098788B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US39457682A 1982-07-02 1982-07-02
US394575 1982-07-02
US394576 1982-07-02
US06/394,575 US4492092A (en) 1982-07-02 1982-07-02 Combination refrigerant circuit and hot water preheater

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0098788A2 EP0098788A2 (de) 1984-01-18
EP0098788A3 EP0098788A3 (en) 1984-11-14
EP0098788B1 true EP0098788B1 (de) 1988-08-10

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EP19830630107 Expired EP0098788B1 (de) 1982-07-02 1983-06-28 Kombination eines Kühlmediumkreislaufs und eines Heisswasservorwärmers, Klimaanlage mit einer solchen Kombination und Teil einer solchen Anlage mit einer solchen Kombination

Country Status (5)

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EP (1) EP0098788B1 (de)
AU (1) AU551356B2 (de)
DE (1) DE3377664D1 (de)
DK (1) DK159738C (de)
ES (1) ES8405131A1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9208889U1 (de) * 1992-07-03 1993-11-11 Bossert, Gerdi, 78052 Villingen-Schwenningen Vorrichtung zur Warmwasserbereitung
US20110203298A1 (en) * 2010-02-25 2011-08-25 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Heat pump system and control method thereof

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2560975A1 (fr) * 1984-03-06 1985-09-13 Collado Francois Installation de climatisation utilisant une pompe a chaleur avec echangeur de chaleur exterieur statique et regulation du point de vapeur seche par variation automatique du debit du detendeur
ES2453740B1 (es) * 2012-10-05 2015-03-31 Ecoforest Geotermia, S.L. Sistema de producción de agua caliente sanitaria.

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4141222A (en) * 1977-04-27 1979-02-27 Weatherking, Inc. Energy recovery system for refrigeration systems
CA1126969A (en) * 1979-10-25 1982-07-06 Carrier Corporation Refrigeration circuit heat reclaim method and apparatus
DE3169328D1 (en) * 1980-04-10 1985-04-25 Austria Email Eht Ag Control system for controlling the heating of domestic water for a storage tank

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9208889U1 (de) * 1992-07-03 1993-11-11 Bossert, Gerdi, 78052 Villingen-Schwenningen Vorrichtung zur Warmwasserbereitung
US20110203298A1 (en) * 2010-02-25 2011-08-25 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Heat pump system and control method thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK159738B (da) 1990-11-26
DK303283D0 (da) 1983-07-01
ES523743A0 (es) 1984-06-01
AU1645183A (en) 1984-01-05
AU551356B2 (en) 1986-04-24
EP0098788A2 (de) 1984-01-18
DK159738C (da) 1991-04-22
DE3377664D1 (en) 1988-09-15
ES8405131A1 (es) 1984-06-01
DK303283A (da) 1984-01-03
EP0098788A3 (en) 1984-11-14

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