EP0095570B1 - Device for feeding ammunition to an automatic weapon - Google Patents

Device for feeding ammunition to an automatic weapon Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0095570B1
EP0095570B1 EP83103221A EP83103221A EP0095570B1 EP 0095570 B1 EP0095570 B1 EP 0095570B1 EP 83103221 A EP83103221 A EP 83103221A EP 83103221 A EP83103221 A EP 83103221A EP 0095570 B1 EP0095570 B1 EP 0095570B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
magazine
cartridge
weapon
belt
breechblock
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83103221A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0095570A2 (en
EP0095570A3 (en
Inventor
August Schiele
Ludwig Klingauf
Wolfgang Huber
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rheinmetall Landsysteme GmbH
Original Assignee
KUKA Wehrtechnik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by KUKA Wehrtechnik GmbH filed Critical KUKA Wehrtechnik GmbH
Priority to AT83103221T priority Critical patent/ATE21169T1/en
Publication of EP0095570A2 publication Critical patent/EP0095570A2/en
Publication of EP0095570A3 publication Critical patent/EP0095570A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0095570B1 publication Critical patent/EP0095570B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A9/00—Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
    • F41A9/01—Feeding of unbelted ammunition
    • F41A9/04—Feeding of unbelted ammunition using endless-chain belts carrying a plurality of ammunition

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for supplying ammunition to a machine gun that can move about a horizontal axis in a gun carriage of an armored vehicle or the like, in particular to a machine gun for a cartridge caliber of up to 40 mm, with a feed shaft leading from a cartridge magazine to the weapon, said magazine , Feed shaft and weapon can be rotated together with the mount around its vertical axis.
  • the belt, and thus the cartridges in the belt, for the machine gun is either taken care of by the weapon itself or by driven conveyors, with the extent of the required transport forces generally deciding whether the weapon can fetch its ammunition on its own or needs support from a funding agency.
  • a device of the type mentioned at the beginning (armored personnel carrier Marder) is known, in which the ammunition strapped by means of a decay belt is located in zigzag layers in a box magazine arranged below the machine gun. The cartridge belt is then conveyed from this box magazine into a loop bearing in front of the weapon, in which a supply for a burst of fire can be arranged in at least one hanging loop.
  • the arrangement has been made so that the machine gun or the like is able to automatically pull the belt with the cartridges from the loop supply during the burst of fire.
  • the object on which the invention is based is seen in creating a device of the type mentioned at the outset which, while avoiding the disadvantages mentioned, completely dispenses with a decay belt with belt members which are used up and are used only once. d. H. no belt required in the respective magazine, and is still able. to feed the weapon even more reliably with ammunition.
  • an endless conveyor belt made of flexible-elastic material rotating from the magazine through the feed shaft to the closure piece and back again to the magazine, which in its entirety can be driven intermittently or continuously by a power source that is independent of the weapon and along its length Side has flexible-elastic cartridge receptacles, as well as by a first deflection in the area of the magazine and a second deflection near the closure piece, through which the cartridge receptacles can be reversibly bent in such a way that the holding lips or the like in front of the closure piece or the cartridge present from the driver of the Breech can be inserted into the chamber of the weapon.
  • the flexible-elastic, revolving, endless conveyor belt takes the cartridges from the magazine at its reversal point assigned to the magazine and conveys them to the closure piece, whereby it is able to run over rollers and reversing wheels and, due to its flexibility, for example, also guides through it flexible guide element to follow, whose torsion and bending also change with changing elevation of the weapon or machine gun, provided such a guide element is required in individual cases.
  • a guide element is known, is manufactured by Nobels Industries Inc., St. Paul / Minnesota, USA, and can also be changed in length if necessary. The extent of the possible change results from the length and thus the number of individual, mutually displaceable members of this known guide element.
  • the advantages of the invention consist primarily in the fact that the ammunition arranged in the magazine or in the magazines can be stored without belts, that the ammunition or cartridges from the respective magazine are automatically taken up by the conveyor belt and that the work of refilling one Belt does not apply. Furthermore, since a decay belt with individual, lost belt members is no longer available, the costs in this regard are no longer incurred. For a given volume of a magazine, a larger number of cartridges can be stored in it than would be the case if a belt were used. Furthermore, the susceptibility to failure caused by belt members has been eliminated.
  • the flexible conveyor belt is advantageously made of rubber-elastic material with inserts made of metal or textiles.
  • rubber material is used, optionally with inlays made of one or more fabrics or braids, for example made of textile fibers.
  • the inlays give the material the required tensile strength and stability, while the rubber provides the rubber-elastic properties, whereby the inlays allow a certain stretch of the conveyor belts also in length.
  • the cartridge holders can be molded into the material as soon as the conveyor belt is manufactured.
  • the conveyor belt is expediently a toothed belt, which is driven by at least one toothed wheel. Such a positive drive is particularly reliable.
  • the cartridge receptacles of the conveyor belt consist of essentially semicircular grooves, which are arranged parallel to one another transversely to the longitudinal axis of the conveyor belt and whose diameter is equal to or smaller than the diameter of the cartridge cases. This ensures a reliable, firm, yet detachable fit of the cartridges in the grooves of the conveyor belt.
  • the cartridge receptacles on the outside and the teeth on the inside of the rotating toothed belt are expedient.
  • Conveyor belt arranged. This design enables the grooves to be bent open inevitably at the reversal points, in such a way that the sleeves of the cartridges can be inserted or pushed out particularly easily. For each shot, a cartridge is again picked up from the magazine by the cartridge receptacles of the conveyor belt run back empty to the magazine and can be conveyed to the weapon.
  • two conveyor belts can be provided, each of which rotates from an associated magazine through a feed shaft to the closure piece and back to the respective magazine, the two deflections being arranged parallel to one another on a support upstream of the closure piece, which in the The level of the two deflections can be shifted to two functional positions in such a way that the driver of the closure piece can come to rest either on the cartridge offered by one or on the offered cartridge of the other conveyor belt.
  • This configuration ensures simple switching of the weapon to two different types of ammunition, for example explosive ammunition on the one hand and armor-piercing ammunition on the other. To do this, the support must only be moved to one of its two end positions.
  • the double belt feeder which is otherwise always required when using two types of ammunition, is dispensed with, which advantageously increases the installation length for a flexible guide element of the type mentioned above if the end of the feed shaft is arranged at a fixed distance, if such is necessary for the reasons already mentioned. When the weapon is raised, this reduces the specific load on the flexible guide element (angle per unit length) and the conveyor belts guided therein.
  • the toothed belt has, in cross section, two flat guide seams on its two sides and a central thickened area which has the cartridge receptacles on the outside and the teeth on its inside.
  • the guide hems are particularly useful where there are bends between the magazine and the closure piece on the way of the conveyor or toothed belt.
  • Each run of a toothed belt between the magazine and the deflection preferably has at least one bending region, in which the toothed belt is guided on the top and / or bottom of its guide seams by means of roller bearings, which are preferably oscillating.
  • the length of the cartridge receptacles suitably corresponds essentially to the width of the conventional belts, in particular decay belts.
  • two feed shafts 2 and 3 are provided, each of which leads from a magazine 4 or 5 to the gun 1.
  • the magazine 4 is a ring magazine with, for example, explosive cartridges 6, while the magazine 5 is a box magazine with armor-piercing ammunition 7.
  • the magazines 4 and 5, the feed chutes 2 and 3 and the weapon 1 can be rotated about its vertical axis 8 together with an armored turret, not shown.
  • the weapon 1 itself is movable about a horizontal axis 9 with respect to its elevation.
  • a guide element 14 or 14 ' consisting of a plurality of individual elements 13 which can be displaced relative to one another and which can be changed in terms of length, torsion and bending, which enables an elevation of the weapon.
  • Each conveyor belt 1.5 or 16 has flexible-elastic cartridge receptacles 18, 19 along one side thereof. Furthermore, a deflection 20, 21 is arranged near the closure piece: 12, by means of which the cartridge receptacles 18, 19 can be bent open in a reversible manner (FIG.
  • the two deflections 20, 21 are arranged parallel to each other on a support 25 upstream of the closure piece 12, which is displaceable in the plane of the two deflections 20, 21 in the direction of the double arrow A to two sides in two functional positions, such that the driver 24 of the Breech piece 12 can come to rest either on the next cartridge 7a of one or on the next cartridge 6a of the other conveyor belt 16 or 15. in the position shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the weapon 1 shells armor-piercing cartridges 7 from the magazine 5.
  • the support 25 is in its upper end position or functional position, in which the weapon 1 fires the explosive ammunition 6 from the ring magazine 4, which is apparent on the one hand from the relative position of the ammunition to the driver 24 on the one hand and the different functional positions of the support drawn with solid and dashed lines on the other hand.
  • the respective flexible conveyor belt 15, 16 consists of rubber-elastic material with inserts made of metal or textiles.
  • the material can be Neoprene @ and the inlays can be one or more fabrics that are not shown in detail.
  • the conveyor belts are toothed belts, which are driven by at least one gear wheel. In the case of the toothed belt 15, this toothed wheel sits behind the bevel gear 26, in the case of the toothed belt 16 behind the bevel gear 27 of the transmission driven by the electric motor 17 and explained in more detail below. Both gears engaging in the teeth 28 of the respective toothed belts 15 and 16 (FIG. 2) are therefore not visible.
  • the cartridge receptacles 18, 19 of the conveyor belts 15, 16 consist of essentially semicircular grooves 28 and 29, which are arranged parallel to one another transversely to the longitudinal axis of the conveyor belts 15, 16 and whose radius of curvature is equal to or less than the radius of curvature of the cartridge cases in the gripped area.
  • the cartridge receptacles are thus able, with their finger-like projections 30, to encompass an essential area of the wall of the cartridge cases firmly, but elastically or resiliently, and thus also in the area of bends such as those from the left part of the FIG. 2 emerge to hold.
  • cartridge receptacles 18, 19 are expediently arranged on the outside and the teeth 28 on the inside of the rotating toothed belts 15, 16, these sides being defined by the direction of rotation.
  • cartridges 6, 7 are again picked up from the magazines 4, 5 by the cartridge receptacles 18, 19 of the runs of the conveyor toothed belts 15, 16 returning empty to the magazines 4, 5 and conveyed to the weapon 1.
  • the transfer from the magazines 4, 5 to the toothed belt 15, 16 takes place either by means of a chain conveyor 31, which works together with a star wheel 32, which is on an axis 33 with the one not shown Toothed belt 15 driving gear sits, or with the help of the individual shafts 34 of the box magazine 5 pressure pieces 35 which press the cartridges 7 down into the cartridge receptacles 19 of the toothed belt 16.
  • the toothed belts 15, 16 have two flat guide seams 36 and 37 or 38 and 39 in cross section on both sides, as well as a central, thickened area 40 or 40 ', the cartridge receptacles 18 and 19 on its outside and on its inside has teeth 56 (Figs. 3 and 4).
  • the width X of the cartridge receptacles 18, 19 essentially corresponds to the width of a conventional decay belt. Since FIG. 3 shows the area of the reversal points 20 and 21, the elements 13 of the flexible guide element 14 'are also visible, which has been omitted in FIGS. 5 and 5a for the sake of clarity.
  • the reversing wheel 41 rotating clockwise according to arrow B for the toothed belt 15 and the corresponding reversing wheel 42 rotating counterclockwise in the direction of the arrow C, which are respectively seated on axes 43 and 44, can also be removed.
  • the toothed belt 16 in particular clearly shows how the guide seams 38 and 39 slide on the inside of the elements 13 towards the reversing wheel 42.
  • the same runs in the area of the reversing wheel 41 of the lower toothed belt 15 in FIGS. 2 and 3, in such a way that the toothed belt 15 has already left the elements 13 of the guide element 14 which can be changed according to torsion and bending.
  • each strand of a toothed belt 15, 16 between the respective magazine 4, 5 and the deflection 20, 21 has at least one bending region 45, 46, in which the respective toothed belt 15, 16 on the The top and / or bottom of its guide hems 36, 37 and 38, 39 is guided by means of roller bearings 47, 48, 49 and 50, which are preferably oscillating. This ensures a low-friction and uniform guidance of the toothed belts 15, 16 even at the reversal points 45 and 46.
  • the toothed belt 15 conveys the cartridges 7 from the ring magazine 4, it passes through a deflection roller 54 which, in the manner indicated by dashed lines, at 55 is provided with depressions corresponding to the finger-like projections 30 of the toothed belt 15, in such a way that not only a frictional but also a form-fitting drive of the deflection roller 54 takes place through the toothed belt 16.
  • FIG. 6 shows an example of an embodiment of a possible drive for the toothed belts 15, 16, a gear transmission being shown which is driven by an electric motor 17 for reasons of clarity.
  • the ring magazine 4 is only shown in cross section, but it can be easily recognized that it is arranged concentrically around the vertical axis of rotation 8 of the armored turret not shown and containing the weapon 1.
  • the driver 24 or the locking nose of the weapon breech 12 pushes the respective cartridge 6a or 7a out of the holding lips 22 or 23 into the cartridge chamber of the weapon, not shown.
  • a burst of fire consisting of several shots, i.e. continuous fire with a cadence of, for example, 800 to 1000 shots per minute, corresponding to 15 to 16 shots per second
  • the purely theoretical, progressive toothed belt movement becomes a continuous process.
  • the belt section that respectively returns after the deflection rollers 41 and 42, or the respectively returning strand, is empty and therefore moves outside the flexible guide element consisting of the elements 13 that are movable relative to one another and nevertheless held against one another.
  • this returning belt section is guided in particular on bends by rollers.
  • this belt section also runs in a guide shaft. Both such guide shafts and the feed shafts 2 and 3 serve not only to protect the toothed belt and possibly the cartridges carried by it, but also to guide it and prevent vibrations.
  • the flexibility and elasticity of the toothed belt helps to even out if necessary Accelerating or decelerating forces occurring, especially since it can bend, twist, lengthen or shorten within predetermined tolerances, without the reliability of the cartridge supply to the weapon 1 being impaired thereby.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Warehouses Or Storage Devices (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)

Abstract

1. Device for feeding ammunition (6, 7) to an automatic weapon (1) that pivots about a horizontal axis (9) in a gun mount of an armoured vehicle or a like weapon carrier, especially to a machine cannon for a cartridge caliber of up to 40 mm, having a feed shaft (2, 3) leading from a cartridge magazine (4, 5) to the weapon, wherein the magazine (4, 5), feed shaft and weapon pivot together with the gun mount about the gun mount's vertical axis, characterized by an endless feed belt (15, 16) made from flexible-elastic material turning from the magazine (4, 5) through the feed shaft (2, 3) to the breechblock (12) and back again to the magazine (4, 5), which feed belt in its entirety can be driven intermittently or continually by a power source (7) being independent from the weapon (1), said feed belt having a plurality of flexible-elastic cartridge holders (18, 19) along one side thereof, a first turn-around disposed in the area of the magazine (4, 5) and a second turn-around (20, 21) near the breechblock (12), by which turn-arounds the cartridge holders (18, 19) can be bent open in a reversible manner so that the cartridge (6a, 7a) abutting against holding lips (22, 23) or the like being disposed in front of the breechblock (12) can be introduced into the chamber of the weapon (1) by the driver (24) of the breechblock (12).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Zuführen von Munition zu einer in einer Lafette eines Panzerfahrzeugs oder dergleichen Waffenträger um eine horizontale Achse beweglichen Maschinenwaffe, insbesondere zu einer Maschinenkanone für ein Patronenkaliber bis zu 40 mm, mit einem von einem Patronenmagazin zur Waffe führenden Zuführschacht, wobei Magazin, Zuführschacht und Waffe gemeinsam mit der Lafette um deren vertikale Achse drehbar sind.The invention relates to a device for supplying ammunition to a machine gun that can move about a horizontal axis in a gun carriage of an armored vehicle or the like, in particular to a machine gun for a cartridge caliber of up to 40 mm, with a feed shaft leading from a cartridge magazine to the weapon, said magazine , Feed shaft and weapon can be rotated together with the mount around its vertical axis.

In Lafetten von Fahrzeugen, Schiffen und Flugzeugen, z. B. in Panzertürmen von Panzerfahrzeugen eingebaute Maschinenwaffen werden üblicherweise mit gegurteter Munition gespeist, sofern sie nicht von Flachmagazinen beaufschlagt werden, die teilweise auch ohne Gurtglieder arbeiten. Munitionsgurte sind bereits seit langem bekannt. Trotz unterschiedlicher Konstruktionen weisen sie stets einen aus Metall-, insbesondere Stahlgliedern bestehenden Gurt zur Aufnahme der Patronen auf, die in dem Gurt gehalten und transportiert werden. Auch Gurtglieder, die sich erst durch das Einstecken der Patronen miteinander zu einem Gurt verbinden, sind bereits bekannt. Da beim Schuß die jeweilige Patrone aus dem Gurt in die Kammer der Waffe geschoben wird, fällt das zugehörige Gurtglied ab, welches somit bei diesen sogenannten Zerfallgurten verlorengeht.In the mountings of vehicles, ships and aircraft, e.g. B. in armored turrets of armored vehicles machine guns are usually fed with taped ammunition, unless they are loaded by flat magazines, some of which work without belt links. Ammunition belts have been known for a long time. Despite different constructions, they always have a belt made of metal, in particular steel links, for receiving the cartridges, which are held and transported in the belt. Belt links that only connect to form a belt when the cartridges are inserted are already known. Since the respective cartridge is pushed out of the belt into the chamber of the weapon when the shot is fired, the associated belt member falls off, which is therefore lost in these so-called decay belts.

Das Heranschaffen des Gurtes, somit der im Gurt befindlichen Patronen zur Maschinenwaffe wird je nach Waffenart und Einbausituation entweder von der Waffe selbst oder von angetriebenen Fördereinrichtungen besorgt, wobei im allgemeinen das Ausmaß der erforderlichen Transportkräfte darüber entscheidet, ob die Waffe ihre Munition alleine heranholen kann oder der Unterstützung durch eine Fördereinrichtung bedarf.Depending on the type of weapon and the installation situation, the belt, and thus the cartridges in the belt, for the machine gun is either taken care of by the weapon itself or by driven conveyors, with the extent of the required transport forces generally deciding whether the weapon can fetch its ammunition on its own or needs support from a funding agency.

Es ist eine Vorrichtung der eingangs genannten Bauart bekannt (Schützenpanzer Marder), bei welcher sich die mittels eines Zerfallgurtes gegurtete Munition in Zickzacklagen in einem unterhalb der Maschinenkanone angeordneten Kastenmagazin befindet. Aus diesem Kastenmagazin wird der Patronengurt sodann in eine der Waffe vorgelagerte Schleifenlagerung gefördert, in welcher sich ein Vorrat für einen Feuerstoß in mindestens einer herabhängenden Schleife anordnen läßt. Die Anordnung ist dabei so getroffen worden, daß die Maschinenkanone oder dergleichen in der Lage ist, sich den Gurt mit den Patronen beim Feuerstoß selbsttätig aus dem Schleifenvorrat heranzuziehen. Da der Zuführschacht den Eievationsbewegungen der Maschinenkanone nicht folgen kann,.ist bei dieser Bauart zwischen dem oberen Ende des Zuführschachts und dem Verschlußstück der Waffe ein hinsichtlich seiner Länge, Torsion und Biegung veränderbares Führungselement vorgesehen. Ferner ist bei Vorhandensein von zwei wahlweise aus zwei Gurten verschießbaren Patronensorten ein spezieller, aufwendiger Doppelgurtzuführer erforderlich.A device of the type mentioned at the beginning (armored personnel carrier Marder) is known, in which the ammunition strapped by means of a decay belt is located in zigzag layers in a box magazine arranged below the machine gun. The cartridge belt is then conveyed from this box magazine into a loop bearing in front of the weapon, in which a supply for a burst of fire can be arranged in at least one hanging loop. The arrangement has been made so that the machine gun or the like is able to automatically pull the belt with the cartridges from the loop supply during the burst of fire. Since the feed shaft cannot follow the movements of the machine cannon, a guide element which is variable in terms of its length, torsion and curvature is provided in this design between the upper end of the feed shaft and the breech block of the weapon. Furthermore, if two types of cartridges, which can optionally be closed with two belts, are available, a special, complex double belt feeder is required.

Nun hat sich herausgestellt, daß mit zunehmenden Gurtzugkräften durch größere Länge der heranzuziehenden Patronengurtes bzw. größere Patronengewichte die Waffen überfordert werden und dadurch zu größerer Störhäufigkeit neigen. Ferner sind auch die Gurtglieder selber oft eine Störungsursache. Als weitere Nachteile der sich verbrauchenden Gurtglieder eines Zerfallgurts sind der große Platzbedarf der eingelagerten Munition, die Kosten der nur einmal Verwendung findenden Gurtglieder und die besondere Arbeit beim Auffüllen des Gurtes zu nennen.It has now been found that, with increasing belt tensile forces, the weapons are overwhelmed by the greater length of the cartridge belt to be used or the greater cartridge weights, and as a result tend to be more likely to malfunction. Furthermore, the belt links themselves are often a cause of malfunction. Further disadvantages of the belt links of a decay belt that are consuming themselves are the large space requirement of the stored ammunition, the costs of the belt links used only once, and the special work involved in filling the belt.

Um die Gurtkosten zu verringern, ist auch bereits ein an der Waffe angeordnetes Magazin mit einem umlaufenden, endlosen Gurt verwendet worden (wie z. B. in der DE-C-300 800), aus dem die Patronen mittels Nocken ausgekämmt und mittels Sternräder weitertransportiert werden (DE-A-28 39 839). Dies ändert jedoch nichts an den verbleibenden, bereits genannten. Nachteilen.In order to reduce the belt costs, a magazine arranged on the weapon with an encircling, endless belt has already been used (as, for example, in DE-C-300 800), from which the cartridges are combed out by means of cams and transported further by means of star wheels be (DE-A-28 39 839). However, this does not change the remaining ones already mentioned. Disadvantages.

Die der Erfindung zugrundeliegende Aufgabe wird darin gesehen, eine Vorrichtung der eingangs genannten Bauart zu schaffen, welche unter Vermeidung der genannten Nachteile auf einen Zerfallgurt mit sich verbrauchenden, lediglich einmal verwendeten Gurtgliedern völlig verzichtet. d. h. auch im jeweiligen Magazin keinerlei Gurt benötigt, und trotzdem in der Lage ist. die Waffe sogar zuverlässiger mit Munition zu speisen.The object on which the invention is based is seen in creating a device of the type mentioned at the outset which, while avoiding the disadvantages mentioned, completely dispenses with a decay belt with belt members which are used up and are used only once. d. H. no belt required in the respective magazine, and is still able. to feed the weapon even more reliably with ammunition.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß gelöst durch einen vom Magazin durch den Zuführschacht zum Verschlußstück und wieder zurück zum Magazin umlaufenden, endlosen Förderriemen aus flexibel-elastichem Material, der in seiner Gesamtheit von einer von der Waffe unabhängigen Kraftquelle-intermittierend oder kontinuierlich antreibbar ist und längs seiner einen Seite flexibel-elastische Patronenaufnahmen aufweist, sowie durch eine erste Umlenkung im Bereich des Magazins und eine zweite Umlenkung nahe dem Verschlußstück, durch welche die Patronenaufnahmen in reversibler Weise derart aufbiegbar sind, daß die jeweils an dem Verschlußstück vorgelagerten Haltelippen oder dergleichen anstehende Patrone vom Mitnehmer des Verschlußstücks in die Kammer der Waffe einführbar ist.This object is achieved according to the invention by an endless conveyor belt made of flexible-elastic material rotating from the magazine through the feed shaft to the closure piece and back again to the magazine, which in its entirety can be driven intermittently or continuously by a power source that is independent of the weapon and along its length Side has flexible-elastic cartridge receptacles, as well as by a first deflection in the area of the magazine and a second deflection near the closure piece, through which the cartridge receptacles can be reversibly bent in such a way that the holding lips or the like in front of the closure piece or the cartridge present from the driver of the Breech can be inserted into the chamber of the weapon.

Der flexibel-elastische, umlaufende, endlose Förderriemen entnimmt an seiner dem Magazin zugeordneten Umkehrstelle die Patronen dem Magazin und fördert sie zum Verschlußstück, wobei er in der Lage ist, über Rollen und Umkehrräder zu laufen und infolge seiner Flexibilität beispielsweise auch der Führung durch das ebenfalls flexible Führungselement zu folgen, dessen Torsion und Biegung bei sich ändernder Elevation der Waffe bzw. Maschinenkanone sich ebenfalls ändern, sofern ein solches Führungselement im Einzelfall erforderlich ist. Ein solches Führungselement ist bekannt, wird von der Nobels Industries Inc., St. Paul/Minnesota, U.S.A., hergestellt und läßt sich erforderlichenfalls auch hinsichtlich seiner Länge verändern. Das Ausmaß der möglichen Veränderung ergibt sich aus der Länge und damit der Anzahl der einzelnen, gegeneinander verschieblichen Glieder dieses bekannten Führungselements.The flexible-elastic, revolving, endless conveyor belt takes the cartridges from the magazine at its reversal point assigned to the magazine and conveys them to the closure piece, whereby it is able to run over rollers and reversing wheels and, due to its flexibility, for example, also guides through it flexible guide element to follow, whose torsion and bending also change with changing elevation of the weapon or machine gun, provided such a guide element is required in individual cases. Such a guide element is known, is manufactured by Nobels Industries Inc., St. Paul / Minnesota, USA, and can also be changed in length if necessary. The extent of the possible change results from the length and thus the number of individual, mutually displaceable members of this known guide element.

Die Vorteile der Erfindung bestehen vornehmlich darin, daß die im Magazin bzw. in den Magazinen angeordnete Munition ohne Gurte eingelagert werden kann, daß die Aufnahme der Munition bzw. der Patronen aus dem jeweiligen Magazin durch den Förderriemen automatisch erfolgt und daß die Arbeit des Auffüllens eines Gurtes entfällt. Da ferner ein Zerfallgurt mit einzelnen, verlorengehenden Gurtgliedern nicht mehr vorhanden ist, fallen die diesbezüglichen Kosten nicht mehr an. Bei vorgegebenem Volumen eines Magazins lassen sich in demselben eine größere Anzahl von Patronen aufbewahren, als dies bei Verwendung eines Gurtes der Fall wäre. Ferner ist die durch Gurtglieder verursachte Störanfälligkeit beseitigt.The advantages of the invention consist primarily in the fact that the ammunition arranged in the magazine or in the magazines can be stored without belts, that the ammunition or cartridges from the respective magazine are automatically taken up by the conveyor belt and that the work of refilling one Belt does not apply. Furthermore, since a decay belt with individual, lost belt members is no longer available, the costs in this regard are no longer incurred. For a given volume of a magazine, a larger number of cartridges can be stored in it than would be the case if a belt were used. Furthermore, the susceptibility to failure caused by belt members has been eliminated.

Vorteilhaft besteht der flexible Förderriemen aus gummielastischem Material mit Einlagen aus Metall oder Textilien. Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform wird Kautschukmaterial mit gegebenenfalls Einlagen aus einem oder mehreren Geweben oder Geflechten verwendet, beispielsweise aus textilen Fasern. Die Einlagen geben dem Material die erforderliche Zugfestigkeit und Stabilität, während der Kautschuk die gummielastischen Eigenschaften zur Verfügung stellt, wobei die Einlagen eine gewisse Dehnung der Förderriemen auch in der Länge zulassen. Die Patronenaufnahmen können gleich bei der Herstellung des Förderriemens in das Material eingeformt werden.The flexible conveyor belt is advantageously made of rubber-elastic material with inserts made of metal or textiles. In a preferred embodiment, rubber material is used, optionally with inlays made of one or more fabrics or braids, for example made of textile fibers. The inlays give the material the required tensile strength and stability, while the rubber provides the rubber-elastic properties, whereby the inlays allow a certain stretch of the conveyor belts also in length. The cartridge holders can be molded into the material as soon as the conveyor belt is manufactured.

Zweckmäßig ist der Förderriemen ein Zahnriemen, dessen Antrieb über mindestens ein Zahnrad erfolgt. Ein solcher formschlüssiger Antrieb ist besonders zuverlässig.The conveyor belt is expediently a toothed belt, which is driven by at least one toothed wheel. Such a positive drive is particularly reliable.

Die Patronenaufnahmen des Förderriemens bestehen aus quer zur Längsachse des Förderriemens parallel zueinander angeordneten, im wesentlichen halbkreisförmigen Auskehlungen, deren Durchmesser gleich oder kleiner ist als der Durchmesser der Patronenhülsen. Dies gewährleistet einen zuverlässigen, festen und doch lösbaren Sitz der Patronen in den Auskehlungen des Förderriemens. Zweckmäßig sind dabei die Patronenaufnahmen auf der Außenseite und die Zähne auf der Innenseite des umlaufenden, als Zahnriemen ausgebildeten. Förderriemens angeordnet. Diese Ausbildung ermöglicht an den Umkehrstellen das zwangsläufige Aufbiegen der Auskehlungen, derart, daß sich die Hülsen der Patronen besonders leicht einführen bzw. herausschieben lassen. Für jede verschossene wird von den Patronenaufnahmen des leer zum Magazin zurücklaufenden Trums des Förderriemens erneut eine Patrone aus dem Magazin aufgenommen und zur Waffe förderbar.The cartridge receptacles of the conveyor belt consist of essentially semicircular grooves, which are arranged parallel to one another transversely to the longitudinal axis of the conveyor belt and whose diameter is equal to or smaller than the diameter of the cartridge cases. This ensures a reliable, firm, yet detachable fit of the cartridges in the grooves of the conveyor belt. The cartridge receptacles on the outside and the teeth on the inside of the rotating toothed belt are expedient. Conveyor belt arranged. This design enables the grooves to be bent open inevitably at the reversal points, in such a way that the sleeves of the cartridges can be inserted or pushed out particularly easily. For each shot, a cartridge is again picked up from the magazine by the cartridge receptacles of the conveyor belt run back empty to the magazine and can be conveyed to the weapon.

Von besonderem Vorteil ist es, daß zwei Förderriemen vorgesehen sein können, die jeweils von einem zugehörigen Magazin durch einen Zuführschacht zum Verschlußstück und wieder zurück zum jeweiligen Magazin umlaufen, wobei die beiden Umlenkungen parallel zueinander an einem dem Verschlußstück vorgelagerten Support angeordnet sind, der in der Ebene der beiden Umlenkungen nach zwei Seiten in zwei Funktionsstellungen verschiebbar ist, derart, daß der Mitnehmer des Verschlußstücks entweder an der angebotenen Patrone des einen oder an der angebotenen Patrone des anderen Förderriemens zur Anlage kommen kann. Diese Ausgestaltung gewährleistet ein einfaches Umschalten der Waffe auf zwei unterschiedliche Munitionsarten, beispielsweise Sprengmunition einerseits und panzerbrechende Munition andererseits. Hierzu ist lediglich der Support in eine seiner beiden Endstellungen zu verschieben. Ferner kann eine Mittelstellung des Supports definiert sein, in welcher der Mitnehmer an keiner der angebotenen Patronen angreifen kann und die deshalb eine Sicherheitsstellung darstellt. Schließlich wird der bei Verwendung von zwei Munitionssorten sonst stets erforderliche Doppelgurtzuführer entbehrlich, was bei einem in festem Abstand angeordneten Ende des Zuführschachts in vorteilhafter Weise die Einbaulänge für ein flexibles Führungselement der oben genannten Art vergrößert, falls ein solches aus den bereits erwähnten Gründen erforderlich ist. Bei Elevationen der Waffe verringert dies die spezifische Belastung des flexiblen Führungselements (Winkel pro Längeneinheit) und der darin geführten Förderriemen.It is particularly advantageous that two conveyor belts can be provided, each of which rotates from an associated magazine through a feed shaft to the closure piece and back to the respective magazine, the two deflections being arranged parallel to one another on a support upstream of the closure piece, which in the The level of the two deflections can be shifted to two functional positions in such a way that the driver of the closure piece can come to rest either on the cartridge offered by one or on the offered cartridge of the other conveyor belt. This configuration ensures simple switching of the weapon to two different types of ammunition, for example explosive ammunition on the one hand and armor-piercing ammunition on the other. To do this, the support must only be moved to one of its two end positions. Furthermore, a middle position of the support can be defined, in which the driver cannot attack any of the cartridges offered and which therefore represents a safety position. Finally, the double belt feeder, which is otherwise always required when using two types of ammunition, is dispensed with, which advantageously increases the installation length for a flexible guide element of the type mentioned above if the end of the feed shaft is arranged at a fixed distance, if such is necessary for the reasons already mentioned. When the weapon is raised, this reduces the specific load on the flexible guide element (angle per unit length) and the conveyor belts guided therein.

Der Zahnriemen besitzt bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform .im Querschnitt zu seinen beiden Seiten hin zwei flache Führungssäume und zentral einen verdickten Bereich, der an seiner Außenseite die Patronenaufnahmen und an seiner Innenseite die Zähne aufweist. Die Führungssäume sind dort besonders zweckmäßig, wo zwischen dem Magazin und dem Verschlußstück auf dem Wege des Förder- bzw. Zahnriemens Biegungen auftreten. Vorzugsweise weist jedes Trum eines Zahnriemens zwischen dem Magazin und der Umlenkung mindestens einen Biegungsbereich auf, in welchem der Zahnriemen an der Oberseite und/oder Unterseite seiner Führungssäume mittels vorzugsweise pendelnd gelagerter Rollenbahnen geführt ist.In a preferred embodiment, the toothed belt has, in cross section, two flat guide seams on its two sides and a central thickened area which has the cartridge receptacles on the outside and the teeth on its inside. The guide hems are particularly useful where there are bends between the magazine and the closure piece on the way of the conveyor or toothed belt. Each run of a toothed belt between the magazine and the deflection preferably has at least one bending region, in which the toothed belt is guided on the top and / or bottom of its guide seams by means of roller bearings, which are preferably oscillating.

Die Länge der Patronenaufnahmen entspricht zweckmäßig im wesentlichen der Breite der herkömmlichen Gurte, insbesondere Zerfallgurte.The length of the cartridge receptacles suitably corresponds essentially to the width of the conventional belts, in particular decay belts.

Die Erfindung und ihre vorteilhaften Ausgestaltungen sind im folgenden anhand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert.The invention and its advantageous embodiments are explained in more detail below with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawing.

Es zeigt :

  • Figur 1 eine Seitenansicht einer Ausführungsform mit zwei Zahnriemen zur Förderung von zwei unterschiedlichen Patronensorten in einem axialen Schnitt ;
  • Figur 1a einen Ausschnitt aus Fig. 1 in der jeweils der anderen Munition zugeordneten Funktionsstellung des Umschaltsupports ;
  • Figur 2 einen Ausschnitt aus Fig. 1 in vergrößertem Maßstab ;
  • Figur 3 einen Schnitt längs der Linie 111-111 in Fig. 2,
  • Figur 4 einen Schnitt längs der Linie IV-IV in Fig. 2;
  • Figur 5 eine von der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung gespeiste Maschinenwaffe in Horizontallage und schaubildlicher Ansicht, wobei das elastische Führungselement aus Gründen der Übersichtlichkeit weggelassen worden ist;
  • Figur 5a eine Ansicht der Maschinenwaffe nach Fig. 5 in steiler Elevationslage ;
  • Figur 6 eine Ansicht eines möglichen Förderantriebs des Zahnriemens, teilsweise geschnitten.
It shows :
  • Figure 1 is a side view of an embodiment with two toothed belts for conveying two different types of cartridges in an axial section;
  • Figure 1a shows a section of Fig. 1 in the functional position of the switch support assigned to the other ammunition;
  • Figure 2 shows a detail of Figure 1 on an enlarged scale;
  • FIG. 3 shows a section along the line 111-111 in FIG. 2,
  • Figure 4 is a section along the line IV-IV in Fig. 2;
  • FIG. 5 shows a machine gun fed by the device according to the invention in a horizontal position and a perspective view, the elastic guide element having been omitted for reasons of clarity;
  • Figure 5a is a view of the machine gun of Figure 5 in a steep elevation.
  • Figure 6 is a view of a possible conveyor drive of the toothed belt, partially cut.

Bei der gezeigten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zum Zuführen von Munition zu einer Maschinenwaffe 1 sind zwei Zuführungsschächte 2 und 3 vorgesehen, die jeweils von einem Magazin 4 bzw. 5 zur Waffe 1 führen. Bei dem Magazin 4 handelt es sich um ein Ringmagazin mit beispielsweise Sprengpatronen 6, während es sich bei dem Magazin 5 um ein Kastenmagazin mit panzerbrechender Munition 7 handelt.In the embodiment of the device according to the invention for feeding ammunition to a machine gun 1, two feed shafts 2 and 3 are provided, each of which leads from a magazine 4 or 5 to the gun 1. The magazine 4 is a ring magazine with, for example, explosive cartridges 6, while the magazine 5 is a box magazine with armor-piercing ammunition 7.

Die Magazine 4 und 5, die Zuführschächte 2 und 3 und die Waffe 1 sind gemeinsam mit einem nicht gezeigten Panzerturm um dessen vertikale Achse 8 drehbar. Die Waffe 1 selber ist um eine horizontale Achse 9 bezüglich ihrer Elevation beweglich.The magazines 4 and 5, the feed chutes 2 and 3 and the weapon 1 can be rotated about its vertical axis 8 together with an armored turret, not shown. The weapon 1 itself is movable about a horizontal axis 9 with respect to its elevation.

Zwischen den oberen Enden 10 und 11 der Zuführungsschächte 2 und 3 und dem Verschlußstück 12 der Waffe 1 ist jeweils ein aus einer Mehrzahl von einzelnen, gegeneinander verschieblichen Elementen 13 bestehendes, hinsichtlich seiner Länge, Torsion und Biegung veränderbares Führungselement 14 bzw. 14' vorgesehen, welches eine Elevation der Waffe ermöglicht.Between the upper ends 10 and 11 of the feed shafts 2 and 3 and the breech 12 of the weapon 1 there is a guide element 14 or 14 ', consisting of a plurality of individual elements 13 which can be displaced relative to one another and which can be changed in terms of length, torsion and bending, which enables an elevation of the weapon.

Es ist jeweils ein vom Magazin 4, 5 durch den Zuführschacht 2, 3 und das Führungselement 14, 14' hindurch zum Verschlußstück 12 und wieder zurück zum Magazin 4, 5 umlaufender, endloser Förderriemen 15 bzw. 16 aus flexiblem Material vorgesehen, der in seiner Gesamtheit von einer von der Waffe 1 unabhängigen Kraftquelle 17, beispielsweise einem Elektromotor, wie er in Fig. 6 gezeigt ist, oder einem nicht gezeigten hydraulischen Antrieb, intermittierend oder kontinuierlich antreibbar. Jeder Förderriemen 1.5 oder 16 weist längs seiner einen Seite flexibel-elastische Patronenaufnahmen 18, 19 auf. Ferner ist jeweils eine Umlenkung 20, 21 nahe dem Verschlußstück :12 angeordnet, durch welche die Patronenaufnahmen 18, 19 in reversibler Weise derart aufbiegbar sind (Fig. 2), daß die jeweils an dem Verschlußstück 12 vorgelagerten Haltelippen 22, 23 oder dergleichen anstehende Patrone 6a bzw. 7a vom Mitnehmer 24 des Verschlußstücks 12 in die nicht gezeigte Kammer der Waffe 1 in bekannter Weise einführbar ist. Die beiden Umlenkungen 20, 21 sind parallel zueinander an einem dem Verschlußstück 12 vorgelagerten Support 25 angeordnet, der in der Ebene der beiden Umlenkungen 20, 21 in Richtung des Doppelpfeils A nach zwei Seiten in zwei Funktionsstellungen verschiebbar ist, derart, daß der Mitnehmer 24 des Verschlußstücks 12 entweder an der nächsten Patrone 7a des einen oder an der nächsten Patrone 6a des anderen Förderriemens 16 bzw. 15 zur Anlage kommen kann. in der in den Fig. 1 und 2 gezeigten Stellung verschießt die Waffe 1 panzerbrechende Patronen 7 aus dem Magazin 5. In der in der Fig. 1a gezeigten Stellung befindet sich der Support 25 hingegen in seiner oberen Endlage bzw. Funktionsstellung, in welcher die Waffe 1 die Sprengmunition 6 aus dem Ringmagazin 4 verschießt, was einerseits aus der Relativlage der Munition zum Mitnehmer 24 einerseits und den mit jeweils ausgezogenen und gestrichelten Linien gezeichneten, unterschiedlichen Funktionsstellungen des Supports andererseits hervorgeht.There is an endless conveyor belt 15 and 16 of flexible material provided from the magazine 4, 5 through the feed shaft 2, 3 and the guide element 14, 14 'through to the closure piece 12 and back again to the magazine 4, 5 Entirely drivable intermittently or continuously from a power source 17 that is independent of the weapon 1, for example an electric motor as shown in FIG. 6, or a hydraulic drive (not shown). Each conveyor belt 1.5 or 16 has flexible-elastic cartridge receptacles 18, 19 along one side thereof. Furthermore, a deflection 20, 21 is arranged near the closure piece: 12, by means of which the cartridge receptacles 18, 19 can be bent open in a reversible manner (FIG. 2) in such a way that the holding lips 22, 23 or the like in front of the closure piece 12 are positioned 6a and 7a can be inserted in a known manner from the driver 24 of the breech 12 into the chamber (not shown) of the weapon 1. The two deflections 20, 21 are arranged parallel to each other on a support 25 upstream of the closure piece 12, which is displaceable in the plane of the two deflections 20, 21 in the direction of the double arrow A to two sides in two functional positions, such that the driver 24 of the Breech piece 12 can come to rest either on the next cartridge 7a of one or on the next cartridge 6a of the other conveyor belt 16 or 15. in the position shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the weapon 1 shells armor-piercing cartridges 7 from the magazine 5. In the position shown in FIG. 1a, however, the support 25 is in its upper end position or functional position, in which the weapon 1 fires the explosive ammunition 6 from the ring magazine 4, which is apparent on the one hand from the relative position of the ammunition to the driver 24 on the one hand and the different functional positions of the support drawn with solid and dashed lines on the other hand.

Der jeweilige flexible Förderriemen 15, 16 besteht aus gummielastischem Material mit Einlagen aus Metall oder Textilien. Das Material kann Neoprene@ und die Einlagen ein oder mehrere Gewebe sein, die nicht näher gezeigt sind. Bei der gezeigten, bevorzugten Ausführungsform sind die Förderriemen Zahnriemen, deren Antrieb über mindestens ein Zahnrad erfolgt. Im Falle des Zahnriemens 15 sitzt dieses Zahnrad hinter dem Kegelrad 26, im Falle des Zahnriemens 16 hinter dem Kegelrad 27 des vom Elektromotor 17 angetriebenen, weiter unten näher erläuterten Getriebes. Beide in die Zähne 28 der jeweiligen Zahnriemen 15 und 16 (Fig. 2) eingreifenden Zahnräder sind deshalb nicht sichtbar.The respective flexible conveyor belt 15, 16 consists of rubber-elastic material with inserts made of metal or textiles. The material can be Neoprene @ and the inlays can be one or more fabrics that are not shown in detail. In the preferred embodiment shown, the conveyor belts are toothed belts, which are driven by at least one gear wheel. In the case of the toothed belt 15, this toothed wheel sits behind the bevel gear 26, in the case of the toothed belt 16 behind the bevel gear 27 of the transmission driven by the electric motor 17 and explained in more detail below. Both gears engaging in the teeth 28 of the respective toothed belts 15 and 16 (FIG. 2) are therefore not visible.

Die Patronenaufnahmen 18, 19 der Förderriemen 15, 16 bestehen aus quer zur Längsachse der Förderriemen 15, 16 parallel zueinander angeordneten, im wesentlichen halbkreisförmigen Auskehlungen 28 und 29, deren Krümmungsradius gleich oder kleiner ist als der Krümmungsradius der Patronenhülsen im ergriffenen Bereich. Die Patronenaufnahmen sind so in der Lage, mit ihren fingerartigen Fortsätzen 30 einen wesentlichen Bereich der Wandung der Patronenhülsen fest, jedoch elastisch bzw. federnd zu umfassen und so auch im Bereich von Biegungen wie sie aus dem linken Teil der'Fig. 2 hervorgehen, zu haltern. Zweckmäßig sind dabei die Patronenaufnahmen 18, 19 jeweils auf der Außenseite und die Zähne 28 jeweils auf der Innenseite der umlaufenden Zahnriemen 15, 16 angeordnet, wobei diese Seiten durch die Umlaufrichtung definiert sind. Wie aus Fig. 1 hervorgeht, werden von den Patronenaufnahmen 18, 19 der leer zu den Magazinen 4, 5 zurücklaufenden Trums der Förder- Zahnriemen 15, 16 erneut Patronen 6, 7 aus den Magazinen 4, 5 aufgenommen und zur Waffe 1 gefördert. Die Übergabe aus den Magazinen 4, 5 an die Zahnriemen 15,16 geschieht dabei entweder mittels eines Kettenförderers 31, der mit einem Sternrad 32 zusammenarbeitet, das auf einer Achse 33 mit dem nicht gezeigten, den Zahnriemen 15 antreibenden Zahnrad sitzt, oder mit Hilfe von die einzelnen Schächte 34 des Kastenmagazins 5 beaufschlagenden Druckstücken 35, welche die Patronen 7 nach unten in die Patronenaufnahmen 19 des Zahnriemens 16 drücken.The cartridge receptacles 18, 19 of the conveyor belts 15, 16 consist of essentially semicircular grooves 28 and 29, which are arranged parallel to one another transversely to the longitudinal axis of the conveyor belts 15, 16 and whose radius of curvature is equal to or less than the radius of curvature of the cartridge cases in the gripped area. The cartridge receptacles are thus able, with their finger-like projections 30, to encompass an essential area of the wall of the cartridge cases firmly, but elastically or resiliently, and thus also in the area of bends such as those from the left part of the FIG. 2 emerge to hold. The cartridge receptacles 18, 19 are expediently arranged on the outside and the teeth 28 on the inside of the rotating toothed belts 15, 16, these sides being defined by the direction of rotation. As can be seen from FIG. 1, cartridges 6, 7 are again picked up from the magazines 4, 5 by the cartridge receptacles 18, 19 of the runs of the conveyor toothed belts 15, 16 returning empty to the magazines 4, 5 and conveyed to the weapon 1. The transfer from the magazines 4, 5 to the toothed belt 15, 16 takes place either by means of a chain conveyor 31, which works together with a star wheel 32, which is on an axis 33 with the one not shown Toothed belt 15 driving gear sits, or with the help of the individual shafts 34 of the box magazine 5 pressure pieces 35 which press the cartridges 7 down into the cartridge receptacles 19 of the toothed belt 16.

Die Zahnriemen 15, 16 besitzen im Querschnitt zu beiden Seiten hin zwei flache Führungssäume 36 und 37 bzw. 38 und 39, sowie einen zentralen, verdickten Bereich 40 bzw. 40', der an seiner Außenseite die Patronenaufnahmen 18 bzw. 19 und an seiner Innenseite die Zähne 56 aufweist (Fig. 3 und 4). Die Breite X der Patronenaufnahmen 18, 19 entspricht im wesentlichen der Breite eines herkömmlichen Zerfallgurtes. Da Fig. 3 den Bereich der Umkehrstellen 20 und 21 zeigt, sind auch die Elemente 13 des flexiblen Führungselementes 14' sichtbar, das in den Fig. 5 und 5a der Übersichtlichkeit halber weggelassen worden ist. Ferner ist auch das aus Fig. 2 gemäß Pfeil B im Uhrzeigersinn drehende Umkehrrad 41 für den Zahnriemen 15 und das entsprechende, entgegen dem Uhrzeigersinn in Pfeilrichtung C drehende Umkehrrad 42 entnehmbar, die jeweils auf Achsen 43 und 44 sitzen. Insbesondere anhand des Zahnriemens 16 ist deutlich zu erkennen, wie die Führungssäume 38 und 39 auf der Innenseite der Elemente 13 zum Umkehrrad 42 hin gleiten. Entsprechend der Lage des Schnitts 111-111 verläuft derselbe im Bereich des Umkehrrades 41 des in den Fig. 2 und 3 unteren Zahnriemens 15, derart, daß der Zahnriemen 15 die Elemente 13 des nach Torsion und Biegung veränderbaren Führungselements 14 bereits verlassen hat.The toothed belts 15, 16 have two flat guide seams 36 and 37 or 38 and 39 in cross section on both sides, as well as a central, thickened area 40 or 40 ', the cartridge receptacles 18 and 19 on its outside and on its inside has teeth 56 (Figs. 3 and 4). The width X of the cartridge receptacles 18, 19 essentially corresponds to the width of a conventional decay belt. Since FIG. 3 shows the area of the reversal points 20 and 21, the elements 13 of the flexible guide element 14 'are also visible, which has been omitted in FIGS. 5 and 5a for the sake of clarity. Furthermore, the reversing wheel 41 rotating clockwise according to arrow B for the toothed belt 15 and the corresponding reversing wheel 42 rotating counterclockwise in the direction of the arrow C, which are respectively seated on axes 43 and 44, can also be removed. The toothed belt 16 in particular clearly shows how the guide seams 38 and 39 slide on the inside of the elements 13 towards the reversing wheel 42. Corresponding to the position of the cut 111-111, the same runs in the area of the reversing wheel 41 of the lower toothed belt 15 in FIGS. 2 and 3, in such a way that the toothed belt 15 has already left the elements 13 of the guide element 14 which can be changed according to torsion and bending.

Wie besonders deutlich aus Fig. 2 zu entnehmen ist, weist jedes Trum eines Zahnriemens 15, 16 zwischen dem jeweiligen Magazin 4, 5 und der Umlenkung 20, 21 mindestens einen Biegungsbereich 45, 46 auf, in welchem der jeweilige Zahnriemen 15, 16 an der Oberseite und/oder Unterseite seiner Führungssäume 36, 37 bzw. 38, 39 mittels vorzugsweise pendelnd gelagerter Rollenbahnen 47, 48, 49 und 50 geführt ist. Dies gewährleistet eine reibungsarme und gleichmäßige Führung der Zahnriemen 15, 16 auch an den Umkehrstellen 45 und 46. Der die Patronen 7 aus dem Ringmagazin 4 fördernde Zahnriemen 15 passiert bei seinem Rücklauf in Pfeilrichtung E eine Umlenkrolle 54, welche in der gestrichelt angedeuteten Weise bei 55 entsprechend den fingerartigen Vorsprüngen 30 des Zahnriemens 15 mit Eintiefungen versehen ist, derart, daß nicht nur ein reibschlüssiger sondern auch ein formschlüssiger Antrieb der Umlenkrolle 54 durch den Zahnriemen 16 erfolgt.As can be seen particularly clearly from FIG. 2, each strand of a toothed belt 15, 16 between the respective magazine 4, 5 and the deflection 20, 21 has at least one bending region 45, 46, in which the respective toothed belt 15, 16 on the The top and / or bottom of its guide hems 36, 37 and 38, 39 is guided by means of roller bearings 47, 48, 49 and 50, which are preferably oscillating. This ensures a low-friction and uniform guidance of the toothed belts 15, 16 even at the reversal points 45 and 46. When the toothed belt 15 conveys the cartridges 7 from the ring magazine 4, it passes through a deflection roller 54 which, in the manner indicated by dashed lines, at 55 is provided with depressions corresponding to the finger-like projections 30 of the toothed belt 15, in such a way that not only a frictional but also a form-fitting drive of the deflection roller 54 takes place through the toothed belt 16.

In Fig. 6 ist eine beispielsweise Ausführungsform eines möglichen Antriebs für die Zahnriemen 15, 16 gezeigt, wobei aus übersichtlichkeitsgründen ein Zahnradgetriebe gezeigt ist, das von einem Elektromotor 17 angetrieben wird. Auf der Welle 51 dieses Elektromotors 17 ist ein in Richtung des Doppelpfeils D verschiebbares Schieberitzel 52 angeordnet, das in der mit ausgezogenen Linien gezeigten Stellung einerseits mit dem Antrieb des Kegelrades 26 für den Zahnriemen 15 und andererseits mit dem Antrieb 53 für das Ringmagazin 4 in Eingriff ist, während es bei einer Verschiebung nach oben in die strichpunktiert dargestellte Lage mit einem Antrieb für das Kegelrad 27 kämmt, welches dem Antrieb des Zahnriemens 16 zugeordnet ist.FIG. 6 shows an example of an embodiment of a possible drive for the toothed belts 15, 16, a gear transmission being shown which is driven by an electric motor 17 for reasons of clarity. On the shaft 51 of this electric motor 17 there is a sliding pinion 52 which is displaceable in the direction of the double arrow D and which, in the position shown in solid lines, engages on the one hand with the drive of the bevel gear 26 for the toothed belt 15 and on the other hand with the drive 53 for the ring magazine 4 is, while it meshes with a drive for the bevel gear 27, which is assigned to the drive of the toothed belt 16, in the case of a shift upwards into the position shown in broken lines.

Das Ringmagazin 4 ist zwar nur im Querschnitt dargestellt, es ist jedoch ohne weiteres erkennbar, daß es rings um die vertikale Drehachse 8 des nicht gezeigten, die Waffe 1 enthaltenden Panzerturms konzentrisch angeordnet ist.The ring magazine 4 is only shown in cross section, but it can be easily recognized that it is arranged concentrically around the vertical axis of rotation 8 of the armored turret not shown and containing the weapon 1.

Die Funktion der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung ist wie folgt :

  • Von dem Antrieb, entweder dem in Fig. 6 gezeigten Elektromotor 17 nebst Getriebe oder vorzugsweise einem hydraulischen Motor, wird der jeweilige Zahnriemen 15 oder 16 angetrieben, bis die jeweils vorderste Patrone 6a oder 7a an den Haltelippen 22 oder 23 anliegt. Im Falle eines hydraulischen Antriebs bleibt der Zahnriemen einfach stehen, da der von den Haltelippen ausgeübte Widerstand die Größe des Drehmoments des nicht gezeigten Hydraulikmotors überschreitet. Bei dem Antrieb gemäß Fig. 6 können gegebenenfalls die Haltelippen 22 bzw. 23 geringfügig schwenkbar sein und dabei einen Ein- und Ausschalter .betätigen.
The function of the device according to the invention is as follows:
  • The respective toothed belt 15 or 16 is driven by the drive, either the electric motor 17 shown in FIG. 6 along with the transmission or preferably a hydraulic motor, until the foremost cartridge 6a or 7a abuts the holding lips 22 or 23. In the case of a hydraulic drive, the toothed belt simply stops because the resistance exerted by the retaining lips exceeds the size of the torque of the hydraulic motor, not shown. In the drive according to FIG. 6, the holding lips 22 or 23 can optionally be pivoted slightly and thereby actuate an on and off switch.

Beim Schießvorgang schiebt der Mitnehmer 24 bzw. die Verschlußnase des Waffenverschlusses 12 die jeweilige Patrone 6a oder 7a aus den Haltelippen 22 oder 23 schräg in das nicht gezeigte Patronenlager der Waffe ein. Hierdurch wird der jeweils nächsten Patrone Platz geschaffen, derart, daß der unter Einwirkung des hydraulischen Antriebes stehende Zahnriemen um eine Teilung nach vorne springt, wobei die nächste Patrone 6 bzw. 7 in die Ausschiebeposition an den Haltelippen 22 oder 23 gebracht wird. Bei einem aus mehreren Schüssen bestehenden Feuerstoß, also bei Dauerfeuer mit einer Kadenz von beispielsweise 800 bis 1000 Schüssen pro Minute, entsprechend 15 bis 16 Schüssen pro Sekunde, wird die rein theoretische, absatzweise fortschreitende Zahnriemenbewegung zu einem kontinuierlichen Ablauf. Der jeweils nach den Umlenkrollen 41 und 42 zurücklaufende Riemenabschnitt, bzw. das jeweils zurücklaufende Trum, ist leer und bewegt sich deshalb außerhalb des flexiblen, aus den gegeneinander beweglichen und trotzdem aneinander gehaltenen Elementen 13 bestehenden Führungselements. Wie bereits erläutert, ist dieser zurücklaufende Gurtabschnitt insbesondere an Biegungen durch Rollen geführt. Im abwärts führenden Bereich verläuft dieser Gurtabschnitt im übrigen ebenfalls in einem Führungsschacht. Sowohl solche Führungsschächte als auch die Zuführungsschächte 2 und 3 dienen nicht nur dem Schutz des Zahnriemens und gegebenenfalls der von ihm mitgeführten Patronen, sondern auch seiner Führung und der Verhinderung von Schwingungen.During the firing process, the driver 24 or the locking nose of the weapon breech 12 pushes the respective cartridge 6a or 7a out of the holding lips 22 or 23 into the cartridge chamber of the weapon, not shown. This creates space for the next cartridge in such a way that the toothed belt under the action of the hydraulic drive jumps forward by one pitch, the next cartridge 6 or 7 being brought into the extended position on the holding lips 22 or 23. In the case of a burst of fire consisting of several shots, i.e. continuous fire with a cadence of, for example, 800 to 1000 shots per minute, corresponding to 15 to 16 shots per second, the purely theoretical, progressive toothed belt movement becomes a continuous process. The belt section that respectively returns after the deflection rollers 41 and 42, or the respectively returning strand, is empty and therefore moves outside the flexible guide element consisting of the elements 13 that are movable relative to one another and nevertheless held against one another. As already explained, this returning belt section is guided in particular on bends by rollers. In the area leading downwards, this belt section also runs in a guide shaft. Both such guide shafts and the feed shafts 2 and 3 serve not only to protect the toothed belt and possibly the cartridges carried by it, but also to guide it and prevent vibrations.

Die Flexibilität und Elastizität des Zahnriemens trägt zur Vergleichmäßigung der gegebenenfalls auftretenden Beschleunigungs- oder Verzögerungskräfte bei, zumal er sich innerhalb vorgegebener Toleranzen biegen, verdrehen, verlängern oder verkürzen läßt, ohne daß dadurch die Zuverlässigkeit der Patronenzufuhr zur Waffe 1 beeinträchtigt wird.The flexibility and elasticity of the toothed belt helps to even out if necessary Accelerating or decelerating forces occurring, especially since it can bend, twist, lengthen or shorten within predetermined tolerances, without the reliability of the cartridge supply to the weapon 1 being impaired thereby.

Claims (11)

1. Device for feeding ammunition (6, 7) to an automatic weapon (1) that pivots about a horizontal axis (9) in a gun mount of an armoured vehicle or a like weapon carrier, especially to a machine cannon for a cartridge caliber of up to 40 mm, having a feed shaft (2, 3) leading from a cartridge magazine (4, 5) to the weapon, wherein the magazine (4, 5), feed shaft and weapon pivot together with the gun mount about the gun mount's vertical axis, characterized by an endless feed belt (15, 16) made from flexible-elastic material turning from the magazine (4, 5) through the feed shaft (2, 3) to the breechblock (12) and back again to the magazine (4, 5), which feed belt in its entirety can be driven intermittently or continually by a power source (7) being independent from the weapon (1), said feed belt having a plurality of flexible-elastic cartridge holders (18, 19) along one side thereof, a first turn-around disposed in the area of the magazine (4, 5) and a second turn-around (20, 21) near the breechblock (12), by which turn-arounds the cartridge holders (18; 19). can be bent open in a reversible manner so that the cartridge (6a, 7a) abutting against holding lips (22, 23) or the like being disposed in front of the breechblock (12) can be introduced into the chamber of the weapon (1) by the driver (24) of the breechblock (12).
2. Device in accordance with claim 1, characterized in that the flexible feed belt (15, 16) is comprised of rubber-elastic material with inlays of textile fibers.
3. Device in accordance with claim 2, characterized in that the material is unvulcanized rubber and the inlays or plies, respectively, consist of one or more woven fabrics, nets, or knitted fabrics, and that the cartridge holders are molded into said material.
4. Device in accordance with claims 2 or 3, characterized in that the feed belt (15, 16) is a toothed belt driven by at least one toothed wheel.
5. Device in accordance with claims 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that the cartridge holders (18,19) of the feed belt (15, 16) consist of essentially semi-cylindrical recesses (28, 29) oriented at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the feed belt (15, 16) and parallel to each other, the radius of curvature of said cartridge holders being equal or less than that of the cartridge cases.
6. Device in accordance with claims 4 and 5, characterized in that the cartridge holders (18, 19) are positioned on the outside and the teeth (56) on the inside of the continuously moving around toothed belt (15, 16).
7. Device in accordance with one of the preceding claims, characterized in that by the cartridge holders (28, 29) of the portion of the feed belt (15,16) that returns empty to the magazine (4, 5) cartridges (6, 7) from the magazine (4, 5) are receivable and feedable to the weapon (1) anew.
8. Device in accordance with claim 1, characterized in that two feed belts (15, 16) are provided, each of which runs from an associated magazine (4, 5) through a feed shaft (2, 3) and a flexible guide element (14, 14') to the breechblock (12) and back again to its associated magazine (4, 5), both turn-arounds (20, 21) being arranged para-Ilel to each other at a support (25) positioned in front of the breechblock (12), said support being movable to two sides into two functional positions in the plane of both turn-arounds (20, 21) in such a way that the driver (24) of the breechblock (12) is brought into position against a cartridge (7a) presented by the one or against a cartridge (6a) presented by the other feed belt (16, 15).
9. Device in accordance with claim 4, characterized in that the toothed belt (15, 16) in cross section has a flat guide edge (36, 37 or 38, 39, resp.) on each side and a centrally disposed thickened area (40, 41) with cartridge holders (18, 19) on its outer side and teeth (56) on its inner side.
10. Device in accordance with claim 9, characterized in that each portion of a toothed belt (15, 16) between the magazine (4, 5) and the turn-around (20, 21) has at least one area of deflection (45. 46) in which the toothed belt (15, 16) is :guided at the upper and/or lower sides of its guide edges (36, 37 or 38, 39, resp.) by means of roller ways (47, 48, 49, 50) which are mounted preferably in a pendulating manner.
11. Device in accordance with claims 5 or 6, characterized in that the width of the cartridge holders (18, 19) corresponds essentially to the width of a conventional disintegrating belt.
EP83103221A 1982-05-26 1983-03-31 Device for feeding ammunition to an automatic weapon Expired EP0095570B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83103221T ATE21169T1 (en) 1982-05-26 1983-03-31 DEVICE FOR SUPPLYING AMMUNITION TO A MACHINE WEAPON.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3219801 1982-05-26
DE3219801 1982-05-26

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0095570A2 EP0095570A2 (en) 1983-12-07
EP0095570A3 EP0095570A3 (en) 1984-03-28
EP0095570B1 true EP0095570B1 (en) 1986-07-30

Family

ID=6164549

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83103221A Expired EP0095570B1 (en) 1982-05-26 1983-03-31 Device for feeding ammunition to an automatic weapon
EP83105244A Expired EP0095195B1 (en) 1982-05-26 1983-05-26 Device for feeding ammunition to an automatic gun

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83105244A Expired EP0095195B1 (en) 1982-05-26 1983-05-26 Device for feeding ammunition to an automatic gun

Country Status (4)

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EP (2) EP0095570B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS58214795A (en)
AT (2) ATE21169T1 (en)
DE (4) DE8215344U1 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1589312A1 (en) 2004-04-22 2005-10-26 Rheinmetall Landsysteme GmbH Ammunition magazine
WO2005106376A1 (en) 2004-04-22 2005-11-10 Rheinmetall Landsysteme Gmbh Ammunition magazine
EP2131136A2 (en) 2008-06-04 2009-12-09 Rheinmetall Landsysteme GmbH Ammunition magazine for belted ammunition

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EP0152549A1 (en) * 1983-12-22 1985-08-28 Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik Oerlikon-Bührle AG Device for feeding ammunition to a gun
SE460435B (en) * 1986-04-10 1989-10-09 Bofors Ab MAGAZINE ARRANGEMENTS FOR QUICK SHOOTING AUTOMATIC CANON
DE3629307C1 (en) * 1986-08-28 1988-09-15 Rheinmetall Gmbh Double-cartridge alternate feed for an automatic machine gun
AT398738B (en) * 1991-09-19 1995-01-25 Plasser Bahnbaumasch Franz METHOD FOR MOUNTING TRAILERS ON A CABLE
DE19516722C2 (en) * 1995-05-06 1998-08-13 Mauser Werke Oberndorf Waffensysteme Gmbh Cartridge feeder for an automatic machine gun
DE102013009841B3 (en) * 2013-06-12 2014-04-03 Bundesrepublik Deutschland, vertreten durch das Bundesministerium der Verteidigung, dieses vertreten durch das Bundesamt für Ausrüstung, Informationstechnik und Nutzung der Bundeswehr Weapon carriage for gatlin gun, has receptacle, which is connected with bushing of upper part of rotating assembly in insertable manner, where cartridge magazine and gatlin gun are connected by cartridge tape
RU2543438C1 (en) * 2014-02-03 2015-02-27 Открытое акционерное общество "Конструкторское бюро приборостроения им. академика А.Г. Шипунова" Power system of automatic gun
DE102017002361A1 (en) 2017-03-10 2018-09-13 Bundesrepublik Deutschland, vertreten durch das Bundesministerium der Verteidigung, dieses vertreten durch das Bundesamt für Ausrüstung, Informationstechnik und Nutzung der Bundeswehr Weapon station for light combat vehicles
RU2694485C1 (en) * 2018-06-14 2019-07-15 Открытое акционерное общество "Машиностроительный завод "АРСЕНАЛ" Conveyor feeder of artillery assault rifle artillery naval unit

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US3429221A (en) * 1967-12-18 1969-02-25 Gen Electric Constant velocity conveyor mechanism
US3612255A (en) * 1969-05-22 1971-10-12 Gen Electric Endless conveyor system
US3670863A (en) * 1970-03-31 1972-06-20 Gen Electric Endless conveyor system
JPS526697B2 (en) * 1971-08-11 1977-02-24
US4114511A (en) * 1977-05-25 1978-09-19 General Electric Company Endless conveyor mechanism
CH622609A5 (en) * 1977-09-28 1981-04-15 Oerlikon Buehrle Ag

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1589312A1 (en) 2004-04-22 2005-10-26 Rheinmetall Landsysteme GmbH Ammunition magazine
WO2005106376A1 (en) 2004-04-22 2005-11-10 Rheinmetall Landsysteme Gmbh Ammunition magazine
EP2131136A2 (en) 2008-06-04 2009-12-09 Rheinmetall Landsysteme GmbH Ammunition magazine for belted ammunition
DE102008026679A1 (en) 2008-06-04 2009-12-17 Rheinmetall Landsysteme Gmbh Ammunition magazine for strapped ammunition

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3370988D1 (en) 1987-05-21
EP0095195A2 (en) 1983-11-30
ATE26615T1 (en) 1987-05-15
ATE21169T1 (en) 1986-08-15
EP0095570A2 (en) 1983-12-07
DE8215344U1 (en) 1984-05-10
EP0095195A3 (en) 1984-12-12
JPS58214795A (en) 1983-12-14
DE3364854D1 (en) 1986-09-04
DE3319109A1 (en) 1984-01-19
DE3319109C2 (en) 1985-05-09
EP0095570A3 (en) 1984-03-28
EP0095195B1 (en) 1987-04-15

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