EP0095413A2 - Prestressing ducts and methods for their manufacture - Google Patents
Prestressing ducts and methods for their manufacture Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0095413A2 EP0095413A2 EP83400993A EP83400993A EP0095413A2 EP 0095413 A2 EP0095413 A2 EP 0095413A2 EP 83400993 A EP83400993 A EP 83400993A EP 83400993 A EP83400993 A EP 83400993A EP 0095413 A2 EP0095413 A2 EP 0095413A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- strip
- sheath
- prestressing
- cables
- face
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
- E04C5/08—Members specially adapted to be used in prestressed constructions
- E04C5/10—Ducts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
- B21C37/12—Making tubes or metal hoses with helically arranged seams
- B21C37/126—Supply, or operations combined with supply, of strip material
Definitions
- the invention relates to metal sheaths intended to be embedded in concrete structures and to receive the prestressing cables of these structures, cables which are put in tension with a bearing on said structures at the ends of said sheaths.
- the preliminary phosphating and soaping treatments in question are hardly applicable to interior surfaces of tubes or sheaths.
- the invention is essentially characterized in that the said phosphating and soaping treatments, known per se for the external surfaces of wire to be drawn, are applied to at least one of the two faces of such a strip, after which coils this strip in a helix so as to form a sheath whose face treated above constitutes the inner face.
- the invention includes, apart from this main arrangement, certain other arrangements which are preferably used at the same time and which will be more explicitly discussed below.
- a mild steel strip 1 is used which is deformed according to longitudinal undulations, that is to say having a corrugated cross section with ridges 2 and hollow 3.
- At least the face, of the strip 1, intended to become the inner face of the sheath, is subjected to a chemical treatment known in itself leading to the intimate bonding, on this face, of a phosphate layer externally coated with a veil of gelled soap.
- the above phosphating bath could be an aqueous solution at 6% by volume of the liquid distributed by the Compagnie füre de Produits Industriels (CFPI) under the name THERMOGRANODINE 63, the soap then being itself even consisting of an aqueous solution of the powder distributed by said company CFPI under the name PROLUB.
- CFPI Compagnie füre de Produits Industriels
- This coating 4 is recognizable by its matt state, its light gray color and its creamy feel, pronounced of that of Marseille soap.
- This strip is then wound around a helix so as to form a tubular sheath 5 of which said treated face constitutes the internal face.
- This winding is carried out with lateral overlapping of the contiguous turns of the propeller so that the ridges 2 form external helical ribs and the hollows 3, helical grooves each connecting two of these ribs.
- the sheath 5 thus obtained is easy to bend according to the needs of the prestress.
- FIG. 1 shows the concrete structure 6 in which such a curved sheath 5 has been embedded, as well as one of the prestressing cables 7 placed in this sheath 5, a cable subjected to a force of traction F exerted between its two ends.
- This cable 7 is preferably constituted, as illustrated, by a plurality of wires or strands 8 wound helically around another wire 9 constituting a central core.
- the volume inside the sheath between the cables and the inner surface of this sheath is filled with an injected grout or a protective grease (not shown) in the manner usual.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
- Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
- Duct Arrangements (AREA)
- Insulated Conductors (AREA)
- Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
- Reinforcement Elements For Buildings (AREA)
- Insulation, Fastening Of Motor, Generator Windings (AREA)
Abstract
Description
L'invention est relative aux gaines métalliques destinées à être noyées dans des ouvrages en béton et à recevoir les câbles de précontrainte de ces ouvrages, câbles qui sont mis en traction avec prise d'appui sur lesdits ouvrages aux extrémités desdites gaines.The invention relates to metal sheaths intended to be embedded in concrete structures and to receive the prestressing cables of these structures, cables which are put in tension with a bearing on said structures at the ends of said sheaths.
Elle vise également les procédés de fabrication de ces gaines.It also relates to the processes for manufacturing these sheaths.
Elle se rapporte plus particulièrement au cas où les axes desdites gaines ne sont pas rectilignes et où les forces de traction exercées sur les câbles sont importantes, ce qui développe des pressions d'application élevées entre les câbles et les gaines dans les zones cintrées de ces dernières.It relates more particularly to the case where the axes of said sheaths are not straight and where the tensile forces exerted on the cables are high, which develops high application pressures between the cables and the sheaths in the bent areas of these past.
Pour faciliter les glissements des câbles le long des gaines, c'est-à-dire réduire leurs frottements mutuels, et accroître ainsi les performances (en réduisant notamment les forces de traction aux extrémités des câbles ainsi que la section de ces câbles), il a déjà été proposé de rapporter sur la face intérieure des gaines et/ou sur la face extérieure des câbles un produit "lubrifiant" approprié, constitué notamment par une poudre de graphite ou de bisulfure de molybdène.To facilitate the sliding of the cables along the sheaths, that is to say reduce their mutual friction, and thus increase performance (in particular by reducing the tensile forces at the ends of the cables as well as the section of these cables), it has already been proposed to bring on the inner face of the sheaths and / or on the outer face of the cables an appropriate "lubricant" product, constituted in particular by a graphite or molybdenum disulfide powder.
Un tel procédé donne généralement satisfaction.Such a method is generally satisfactory.
Mais lorsque les forces de traction exercées sur les câbles de précontrainte, et donc les pressions locales d'application de ces câbles sur les gaines,sont très élevées, on observe parfois une destruction et une expulsion de la couche lubrifiante intermédiaire.However, when the tensile forces exerted on the prestressing cables, and therefore the local pressures for applying these cables to the sheaths, are very high, destruction and expulsion of the intermediate lubricating layer is sometimes observed.
C'est en particulier le cas lorsque les parois des gaines sont ondulées et surtout que les câbles sont constitués par des torons ou faisceaux de fils torsadés ou enroulés en hélice.This is particularly the case when the walls of the sheaths are corrugated and above all when the cables consist of strands or bundles of wires twisted or wound in a helix.
Dans ce cas en effet, les zones de contact entre les câbles et les gaines sont réduites à des surfaces très petites, voire quasiment ponctuelles, et les pressions locales d'application qui résultent de ces réductions de surface sont accrues d'autant.In this case, in fact, the contact zones between the cables and the sheaths are reduced to surfaces very small, even almost punctual, and the local application pressures which result from these surface reductions are increased by the same amount.
C'est ainsi que, dans certains modes de réalisation récents, il n'est pas rare que la valeur de ladite pression atteigne ou même dépasse 1.000 bars.Thus, in certain recent embodiments, it is not uncommon for the value of said pressure to reach or even exceed 1,000 bars.
La demanderesse a observé que, pour résoudre un problème ne présentant aucun rapport avec celui exposé ci-dessus, savoir pour faciliter les déformations globales de fils ou éléments continus analogues par tréfilage ou étirage à chaud à travers des filières appropriées, il a déjà été proposé de chemiser préalablement ces fils ou tubes en appliquant chimiquement sur leurs surfaces extérieures un revêtement composé d'une couche de phosphate métallique, elle-même tapissée par un savon gélifié : ce revêtement est si intimement accroché sur les surfaces des éléments à déformer qu'il n'est pas arraché par les filières et qu'il assure alors un guidage efficace de la déformation.The Applicant has observed that, in order to solve a problem having no relation to that set out above, namely to facilitate overall deformations of wires or similar continuous elements by drawing or hot drawing through appropriate dies, it has already been proposed to line these wires or tubes beforehand by chemically applying to their external surfaces a coating composed of a layer of metallic phosphate, itself lined with gelled soap: this coating is so intimately attached to the surfaces of the elements to be deformed that it is not torn off by the dies and therefore ensures effective guidance of the deformation.
Les traitements préalables de phosphatation et savonnage en question ne sont guère applicables à des surfaces intérieures de tubes ou gaines.The preliminary phosphating and soaping treatments in question are hardly applicable to interior surfaces of tubes or sheaths.
Mais il se trouve que, pour fabriquer des gaines de précontrainte se prêtant facilement au cintrage, il est particulièrement avantageux de procéder par enroulement en hélice d'un "feuillard" ou bande métallique continue.However, it turns out that, in order to manufacture prestressing sheaths which lend themselves easily to bending, it is particularly advantageous to proceed by helically winding a "strip" or continuous metal strip.
Or, les faces d'un tel feuillard se prêtent parfaitement aux traitements ci-dessus.However, the faces of such a strip lend themselves perfectly to the above treatments.
L'invention est essentiellement caractérisée en ce que l'on applique lesdits traitements de phosphatation et savonnage, connus en soi pour les surfaces extérieures de fils à tréfiler, à l'une au moins des deux faces d'un tel feuillard, après quoi on enroule ce feuillard en hélice de façon à former une gaine dont la face traitée ci-dessus constitue la face intérieure.The invention is essentially characterized in that the said phosphating and soaping treatments, known per se for the external surfaces of wire to be drawn, are applied to at least one of the two faces of such a strip, after which coils this strip in a helix so as to form a sheath whose face treated above constitutes the inner face.
L'expérience montre que les contacts glissants établis localement et à froid entre les câbles de précontrainte et les surfaces intérieures des gaines ainsi réalisées sont assurés avec une excellente lubrification, même pour les valeurs les plus élevées des forces de traction exercées sur ces câbles.Experience shows that the locally and cold sliding contacts established between the prestressing cables and the inner surfaces of the sheaths thus produced are ensured with excellent lubrication, even for the highest values of the tensile forces exerted on these cables.
L'invention comprend, mise à part cette disposition principale, certaines autres dispositions qui s'utilisent de préférence en même temps et dont il sera plus explicitement question ci-après.The invention includes, apart from this main arrangement, certain other arrangements which are preferably used at the same time and which will be more explicitly discussed below.
Dans ce qui suit, l'on va décrire un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention en se référant au dessin ci-annexé,d'une manière bien entendu non limitative.
- La figure 1, de ce dessin, montre en coupe axiale une portion coudée d'une gaine de précontrainte établie conformément à l'invention et contenant un câble tendu.
- La figure 2 est une coupe transversale partielle de ladite gaine et dudit câble selon II-II, figure 1.
- Figure 1 of this drawing shows in axial section a bent portion of a prestressing sheath established in accordance with the invention and containing a tensioned cable.
- FIG. 2 is a partial cross section of said sheath and said cable according to II-II, FIG. 1.
On a recours à un feuillard en acier doux 1 déformé selon des ondulations longitudinales, c'est-à-dire présentant une section transversale ondulée avec des crêtes 2 et creux 3.A
On fait subir à au moins la face, du feuillard 1, destinée à devenir la face intérieure de la gaine, un traitement chimique connu en soi conduisant à l'accrochage intime, sur cette face, d'une couche de phosphate extérieurement revêtue d'un voile de savon gélifié.At least the face, of the
Ce traitement comprend la suite des opérations suivantes, lesquelles sont toutes effectuées dans un four tunnel chauffé à une température de l'ordre de 70 à 80°C à l'intérieur duquel on fait défiler à vitesse constante ledit feuillard :
- - décapage à l'acide sulfurique (ou chlorhydrique) dilué, durant 10 secondes environ,
- - deux rinçages successifs à l'eau durant environ 3 secondés chacun, séparés par un brossage mécanique,
- - application par vaporisation, durant 70 secondes environ,d'un bain de phosphatation composé de phosphate mixte de zinc et de fer, d'oxydants (chlorates, nitrites, ...) et d'additifs appropriés,
- - nouveau rinçage à l'eau,
- - application par vaporisation,durant 5 à 6 secondes, d'un savon constitué par une solution aqueuse de stéarate de sodium et de palmitate de sodium,
- - et enfin séchage.
- - pickling with dilute sulfuric (or hydrochloric) acid, for about 10 seconds,
- - two successive rinses with water for approximately 3 seconds each, separated by mechanical brushing,
- - application by spraying, for around 70 seconds, of a phosphating bath composed of mixed zinc and iron phosphate, oxidants (chlorates, nitrites, etc.) and suitable additives,
- - new rinsing with water,
- - application by spraying, for 5 to 6 seconds, of a soap consisting of an aqueous solution of sodium stearate and sodium palmitate,
- - and finally drying.
A titre purement indicatif, on indique que le bain de phosphatation ci-dessus pourrait être une solution aqueuse à 6% en volume du liquide diffusé par la Compagnie Française de Produits Industriels (CFPI) sous la dénomination THERMOGRANODINE 63, le savon étant alors lui-même constitué par une solution aqueuse de la poudre diffusée par ladite Société CFPI sous l'appellation PROLUB.For information only, it is indicated that the above phosphating bath could be an aqueous solution at 6% by volume of the liquid distributed by the Compagnie Française de Produits Industriels (CFPI) under the name THERMOGRANODINE 63, the soap then being itself even consisting of an aqueous solution of the powder distributed by said company CFPI under the name PROLUB.
Le traitement ci-dessus a pour effet de rapporter successivement,sur la face traitée du feuillard 1 :
- - une couche cristalline présentant une épaisseur de l'ordre de 0,5 micron composée de cristaux de phosphate qui présentent la forme générale de feuilles de palmier et sont imbriqués dans les cristaux superficiels du métal constitutif du feuillard,
- - puis une couche superficielle dé savon dont l'épaisseur peut être de l'ordre de 100 microns: la plus grande partie de cette couche de savon peut être arrachée par frottement,mais non sa base,laquelle est constituée par un voile très mince, d'épaisseur environ 1/100 de micron, se présentant sous la forme d'un velours dont les poils sont plantés sur la couche cristalline sous-jacente.
- a crystalline layer having a thickness of the order of 0.5 micron composed of phosphate crystals which have the general shape of palm leaves and are embedded in the surface crystals of the metal constituting the strip,
- - then a surface layer of soap, the thickness of which can be of the order of 100 microns: most of this layer of soap can be torn off by friction, but not its base, which consists of a very thin veil, about 1/100 micron thick, in the form of a velvet, the hairs of which are planted on the underlying crystalline layer.
On a schématisé en 4 sur la figure 2 le revêtement à propriété "lubrifiante" ainsi appliqué de façon très intime sur la face traitée du feuillard 1 et tapissant cette face.There is shown diagrammatically at 4 in FIG. 2 the coating with a "lubricating" property thus applied very intimately to the treated face of the
Ce revêtement 4 est reconnaissable à son état mat, à sa couleur gris clair et à son toucher onctueux, rappelant celui du savon de Marseille.This coating 4 is recognizable by its matt state, its light gray color and its creamy feel, reminiscent of that of Marseille soap.
On enroule ensuite ce feuillard selon une hélice de façon à former une gaine tubulaire 5 dont ladite face traitée constitue la face interne.This strip is then wound around a helix so as to form a tubular sheath 5 of which said treated face constitutes the internal face.
Cet enroulement est exécuté avec chevauchement latéral des spires contiguës de l'hélice de façon telle que les crêtes 2 forment des nervures hélicoïdales extérieures et les creux 3, des gorges hélicoïdales reliant chacune deux de ces nervures.This winding is carried out with lateral overlapping of the contiguous turns of the propeller so that the
Puis on agrafe l'un sur l'autre les bords des spires qui se chevauchent en rabattant mutuellement ceux-ci les uns sur les autres à la façon d'un sertissage (en 10).Then one staples one over the other the edges of the overlapping turns by folding them back on each other like a crimping (at 10).
La gaine 5 ainsi obtenue est facile à cintrer en fonction des besoins de la précontrainte.The sheath 5 thus obtained is easy to bend according to the needs of the prestress.
On voit, sur la figure 1, l'ouvrage en béton 6 dans lequel a été noyée une telle gaine 5 cintrée, ainsi que l'un des câbles de précontrainte'7 mis en place dans cette gaine 5, câble soumis à une force de traction F exercée entre ses deux extrémités.FIG. 1 shows the
Ce câble 7 est constitué de préférence, comme illustré, par une pluralité de fils ou torons 8 enroulés en hélice autour d'un autre fil 9 constituant une âme centrale.This cable 7 is preferably constituted, as illustrated, by a plurality of wires or
Théoriquement la surface d'application d'un tel câble 7 contre la gaine 5 se réduit à une succession de points ou zones ponctuelles M (figure 2) lesquels, pour chaque toron, sont écartés longitudinalement les uns des autres d'une distance égale au pas de l'hélice d'enroulement des torons, pas généralement de l'ordre de 20 cm.Theoretically, the surface of application of such a cable 7 against the sheath 5 is reduced to a succession of points or punctual zones M (FIG. 2) which, for each strand, are separated longitudinally from each other by a distance equal to the not of the strand winding propeller, not generally of the order of 20 cm.
En outre, le fait que le contact entre chaque câble et la gaine ne puisse être établi qu'au niveau des fonds des gorges hélicoïdales de la gaine correspondant aux creux 3 ci-dessus réduit encore d'autant la surface d'application possible entre câble et gaine.In addition, the fact that the contact between each cable and the sheath can only be established at the level of the bottoms of the helical grooves of the sheath corresponding to the
Cette double circonstance, combinée aux valeurs très élevées données à la force F, conduit au développement de pressions locales P, elles-mêmes extrêmement élevées, au niveau des points de contact M.This double circumstance, combined with the very high values given to the force F, leads to the development of local pressures P, themselves extremely high, at the contact points M.
Malgré ces pressions énormes, la mise en traction des câbles se traduit par l'établissement de contacts glissants parfaitement "lubrifiés" entre ces câbles et la surface intérieure de la gaine, c'est-à-dire n'entraînant aucun arrachement de la couche phosphatée intermédiaire au niveau des petites zones de contact M.Despite these enormous pressures, the pulling of the cables results in the establishment of perfectly "lubricated" sliding contacts between these cables and the inner surface of the sheath, that is to say causing no tearing of the layer. intermediate phosphate at the level of the small contact zones M.
Bien entendu, après cette mise en traction, le volume compris à l'intérieur de la gaine entre les câbles et la surface intérieure de cette gaine est rempli d'un coulis injecté ou d'une graisse de protection (non représenté) de la manière usuelle.Of course, after this pulling, the volume inside the sheath between the cables and the inner surface of this sheath is filled with an injected grout or a protective grease (not shown) in the manner usual.
En suite de quoi, et quel que soit le mode de réalisation adopté, on dispose finalement d'une gaine de précontrainte dont la constitution et les avantages, en particulier la possibilité de recevoir, avec des contacts glissants parfaitement lubrifiés, des câbles soumis à des forces de traction extrêmement élevées, résultent suffisamment de ce qui précède.Following this, and whatever the embodiment adopted, there is finally a prestressing sheath whose constitution and advantages, in particular the possibility of receiving, with perfectly lubricated sliding contacts, cables subjected to extremely high tensile forces, result sufficiently from the above.
Comme il va de soi, et comme il résulte d'ailleurs déjà de ce qui précède, l'invention ne se limite nullement à ceux de ses modes d'application et de réalisation qui ont été plus spécialement envisagés ; elle en embrasse, au contraire, toutes les variantes.As is obvious, and as already follows from the foregoing, the invention is in no way limited to those of its modes of application and embodiments which have been more especially envisaged; on the contrary, it embraces all its variants.
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT83400993T ATE19280T1 (en) | 1982-05-21 | 1983-05-17 | PRESTRESS TUBE AND ITS MANUFACTURING PROCESS. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8208902 | 1982-05-21 | ||
FR8208902A FR2527246A1 (en) | 1982-05-21 | 1982-05-21 | IMPROVEMENTS IN PRE-STRESS CONDUITS AND THEIR MANUFACTURING METHODS |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0095413A2 true EP0095413A2 (en) | 1983-11-30 |
EP0095413A3 EP0095413A3 (en) | 1984-09-12 |
EP0095413B1 EP0095413B1 (en) | 1986-04-16 |
Family
ID=9274243
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP83400993A Expired EP0095413B1 (en) | 1982-05-21 | 1983-05-17 | Prestressing ducts and methods for their manufacture |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4606380A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0095413B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE19280T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3363027D1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES279984Y (en) |
FR (1) | FR2527246A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2606803A1 (en) * | 1986-11-14 | 1988-05-20 | Freyssinet Int Stup | IMPROVEMENTS ON OSCILLATING SUPPORTS FOR HEAVY LOADS |
WO1996032522A1 (en) * | 1995-04-13 | 1996-10-17 | Holderchem Holding Ag | Corrosion inhibition and improvement of adhesion characteristics of reinforcing metals |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5087153A (en) | 1989-08-23 | 1992-02-11 | Arnco Corporation | Internally spiraled duct and method of installation |
GB2358880A (en) * | 2000-01-12 | 2001-08-08 | Stuart Ian Jackman | Method for reinforcing material |
AU2003244171B2 (en) * | 2002-09-09 | 2007-11-15 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Limb for Breathing Circuit |
US20080128041A1 (en) * | 2006-12-04 | 2008-06-05 | The Lamson & Sessions Co. | Duct having silicone inner striping and composition for lubricious stripe coating |
FR2968681B1 (en) * | 2010-12-08 | 2015-05-29 | Soletanche Freyssinet | DEVICE FOR THE DEVIATION OF A STRUCTURED CABLE, SUCH AS A HAUBAN, AND A WORK THUS EQUIPPED |
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CH99464A (en) * | 1921-11-08 | 1923-06-16 | Sechehaye Emile | Metal frame for agglomerated body. |
DE1103108B (en) * | 1955-11-10 | 1961-03-23 | Dr Stefan Klinghoffer | Method and device for the pretreatment of wires for the purpose of drawing |
FR1587229A (en) * | 1968-10-25 | 1970-03-13 | ||
FR2118861A7 (en) * | 1970-12-24 | 1972-08-04 | Soc Gen Entreprises | |
DE2161105A1 (en) * | 1971-12-09 | 1973-06-20 | Hoesch Maschinenfabrik Ag | PROCESS AND EQUIPMENT FOR MANUFACTURING SCREW SEAM PIPES FROM METAL OR PLASTIC TAPE OR. SHEET METAL WITH AND WITHOUT COATING OR PLATING |
Family Cites Families (3)
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US3015969A (en) * | 1957-03-15 | 1962-01-09 | American Chain & Cable Co | Push-pull cable |
US3114987A (en) * | 1959-06-11 | 1963-12-24 | Span Tendons Ltd | Cables for prestressing concrete |
US3359822A (en) * | 1965-12-13 | 1967-12-26 | John B Hurlow | Push-pull cable with plastic lined sheath |
-
1982
- 1982-05-21 FR FR8208902A patent/FR2527246A1/en active Granted
-
1983
- 1983-05-17 AT AT83400993T patent/ATE19280T1/en active
- 1983-05-17 DE DE8383400993T patent/DE3363027D1/en not_active Expired
- 1983-05-17 EP EP83400993A patent/EP0095413B1/en not_active Expired
- 1983-05-18 ES ES1983279984U patent/ES279984Y/en not_active Expired
-
1985
- 1985-06-04 US US06/741,037 patent/US4606380A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH99464A (en) * | 1921-11-08 | 1923-06-16 | Sechehaye Emile | Metal frame for agglomerated body. |
DE1103108B (en) * | 1955-11-10 | 1961-03-23 | Dr Stefan Klinghoffer | Method and device for the pretreatment of wires for the purpose of drawing |
FR1587229A (en) * | 1968-10-25 | 1970-03-13 | ||
FR2118861A7 (en) * | 1970-12-24 | 1972-08-04 | Soc Gen Entreprises | |
DE2161105A1 (en) * | 1971-12-09 | 1973-06-20 | Hoesch Maschinenfabrik Ag | PROCESS AND EQUIPMENT FOR MANUFACTURING SCREW SEAM PIPES FROM METAL OR PLASTIC TAPE OR. SHEET METAL WITH AND WITHOUT COATING OR PLATING |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2606803A1 (en) * | 1986-11-14 | 1988-05-20 | Freyssinet Int Stup | IMPROVEMENTS ON OSCILLATING SUPPORTS FOR HEAVY LOADS |
EP0268529A1 (en) * | 1986-11-14 | 1988-05-25 | Freyssinet International (Stup) | Oscillating supports for heavy loads |
WO1996032522A1 (en) * | 1995-04-13 | 1996-10-17 | Holderchem Holding Ag | Corrosion inhibition and improvement of adhesion characteristics of reinforcing metals |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2527246A1 (en) | 1983-11-25 |
ES279984Y (en) | 1985-06-01 |
US4606380A (en) | 1986-08-19 |
ATE19280T1 (en) | 1986-05-15 |
EP0095413B1 (en) | 1986-04-16 |
EP0095413A3 (en) | 1984-09-12 |
ES279984U (en) | 1984-11-16 |
FR2527246B1 (en) | 1985-01-04 |
DE3363027D1 (en) | 1986-05-22 |
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