EP0092029B1 - Shaft furnace - Google Patents

Shaft furnace Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0092029B1
EP0092029B1 EP83101249A EP83101249A EP0092029B1 EP 0092029 B1 EP0092029 B1 EP 0092029B1 EP 83101249 A EP83101249 A EP 83101249A EP 83101249 A EP83101249 A EP 83101249A EP 0092029 B1 EP0092029 B1 EP 0092029B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
furnace
waste gas
cupola
gas line
blast
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83101249A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0092029A2 (en
EP0092029A3 (en
Inventor
Hans-Günther Dr. Rachner
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Kuettner GmbH and Co KG
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Kuettner GmbH and Co KG
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Priority to AT83101249T priority Critical patent/ATE21543T1/en
Publication of EP0092029A2 publication Critical patent/EP0092029A2/en
Publication of EP0092029A3 publication Critical patent/EP0092029A3/en
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Publication of EP0092029B1 publication Critical patent/EP0092029B1/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27BFURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B1/00Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27BFURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B1/00Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces
    • F27B1/02Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces with two or more shafts or chambers, e.g. multi-storey
    • F27B1/04Combinations or arrangements of shafts
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27BFURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B1/00Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces
    • F27B1/10Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
    • F27B1/12Shells or casings; Supports therefor
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27BFURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B1/00Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces
    • F27B1/10Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
    • F27B1/12Shells or casings; Supports therefor
    • F27B1/14Arrangements of linings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hot-wind cupola furnace with long-term feed.
  • the cupola furnace which has long been known in its basic structure, is known to be the most common melting unit for the production of cast iron, malleable iron, etc. in foundries.
  • Cupola furnace the wind of which is warmed before being introduced into the furnace.
  • the classic cold wind cupola essentially consists of a cylindrical sheet metal jacket which is lined on the inside with a refractory, acidic lining, the wind nozzles which form the wind device and which are distributed over the circumference, together with an annular wind jacket, are molded into the refractory lining. Since the feed burn-out in the melting zone is so high that a daily relining of the furnace is necessary, two furnace shafts are usually set up next to each other, one of which is in operation while the other is repairing, i. H. is delivered with new feed.
  • Cupola furnaces of this type with acidic lining, wind nozzles molded into the refractory delivery, and furnace shafts arranged in pairs due to the daily relining required are also in operation as hot-wind cupola furnaces, although hot-wind cupola furnaces were built mostly feed-free with a water-cooled furnace shaft and with water-cooled wind nozzles With such a design, repair work on the stove is only necessary at intervals of a few weeks and can then be carried out at the weekend, so that such melting plants are only operated with one furnace shaft.
  • These hot-wind cupola ovens with a feedless furnace shaft which have mainly been in use since 1960, have also found widespread use because they prevent the feed from being re-fed daily.
  • shut-off devices are therefore usually designed as gas-tight slides, which require considerable effort, because on the one hand they are constantly exposed to dust-containing gas and on the other hand they are exposed to temperatures of 1 200 ° C when the furnace burns down, but they are always safe for one should provide a gas-tight seal.
  • the blast furnace gas extraction device in such systems is arranged below the charging opening and essentially consists of an annular chamber, from which the blast furnace gas line leads to the combustion chamber.
  • the column of material standing above the blast furnace gas extraction device results in a pressure drop for the unavoidable quantity of false air, which can possibly be used for the construction of a control circuit, with the negative air quantity in a range of approximately 2 to 10 at a vacuum of 1 to 2 mm WS % of the amount of blast furnace gas can be set.
  • the present invention is based on the task of simplifying and thus improving the cupola furnace of the type described in the introduction, in particular with regard to the gas system, whereby in particular the complex shut-off devices of the blast furnace gas extraction devices previously required for operational and safety reasons should be avoidable and the cupola furnace with regard to the energy balance, in particular for hot wind operation and a design with long-term feed, it should be intended and suitable.
  • the limited lifespan of the kiln feed should be usable up to the last day and nevertheless practically continuous kiln operation should be possible.
  • the accessibility to the interior of a new furnace to be delivered is to be improved and the overall effort to be reduced.
  • the solution to this problem consists in a hot-wind cupola oven with long-term feed with an upper part which has a viewing opening and a lower part of the furnace which has a wind device for feeding the wind and which is movable on a trolley and which, in the operating state, can be uncoupled from the upper part of the furnace and sealed in a decoupled joint State can be exchanged for another furnace lower part, the furnace upper part, which is connected in a known manner to a top gas line of a top gas extraction device, being pivotable upward from its operating position coupled to a furnace bottom part about a horizontal pivot axis running at a distance from the furnace axis.
  • the cylindrical ring is lowered after loosening the holding means and comes into engagement with a ring present on the upper edge section of the lower part of the furnace to be coupled in order to seal the space between the upper part of the furnace and the lower part of the furnace.
  • This known design is not only difficult to use, but also disadvantageous especially in terms of the required sealing in the area of the inevitably gap-shaped parting line, because the weight of the upper furnace part cannot contribute to the sealing, as is the case with the cupola furnace according to the invention, the upper part of the furnace is to be pivoted down about the pivot axis on the lower part of the furnace when coupled to a lower part of the furnace and accordingly rests with its own weight on the soft seal preferably provided in the area of the parting line, so that a secure good seal is ensured in this way.
  • the pivot axis for the furnace upper part is preferably formed by a joint with regard to the top gas line connected to the furnace top and branching off laterally from the top part of the furnace, which joint is arranged between the end section of the top gas line remote from the furnace top and a stationary component in which it is located in an embodiment of the present invention can be the insert of a combustion chamber arranged downstream of the blast furnace gas line.
  • the joint part of the joint arranged on the top gas line can be adjustable in the longitudinal direction of the top gas line relative to the joint part arranged on the stationary component, whereby a message in the longitudinal direction of the top gas line is made possible while Alignment can also be done by moving the lower part of the furnace.
  • Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a cupola furnace, generally designated 1, which is designed and operated as a hot-wind cupola furnace with long-term feed.
  • the cupola furnace 1 has an inspection opening 3 present at the upper end of an inspection shaft 2.
  • a blast furnace gas extraction device designated as a whole, which essentially consists of an annular chamber 6 and a blast furnace gas line 7 connected to it.
  • the cupola furnace 1 is provided between the blast furnace gas extraction device 4 and the wind device 9 with a separating joint 14 having a soft seal 13, the upper part of the furnace located above the separating joint 14, hereinafter also referred to as the furnace head, being designated as a whole by 16 and that below the separating joint 14 located lower furnace part 17, also referred to below as the lower furnace, can be uncoupled from the upper furnace part 16.
  • a second sub-oven 18 arranged laterally next to it, which can be exchanged for the first sub-oven 17 and coupled to the oven head 16, as will be described further below is.
  • the furnace head 16 has two wind line sections 19, each of which also has a separation line 21 in the plane of the joint 14 of the furnace shaft 8 and is connected there to lower wind line sections 19 ′ which lead to the wind jacket 11.
  • the entire furnace head 16 forming an upper furnace rests with its own weight on the soft seal 13 and in this way ensures a good seal.
  • the top of the top gas line 7 leads away from the furnace 1 to a combustion chamber 22 and is connected to this end in an articulated manner with an inlet connection 23 of the combustion chamber 22, as can be seen in particular from FIG. 3.
  • this end section of the blast furnace gas line 7 has laterally arranged pivot pins 24, which are mounted in webs 26, which extend parallel to the longitudinal axis 27 of the blast furnace gas line 7 and are fastened to a flange 28 of the inlet connector 23.
  • An annular seal 29 is arranged between the inside of the inlet connection 23 and the outside of the top gas line 7.
  • the diameter of the passage opening 31 in the wall 32 of the combustion chamber 22 is larger than the outside diameter of the blast furnace gas line 7, so that it can be pivoted in the direction of arrow 33 to a limited extent about the pivot pin 24 forming a horizontal pivot axis.
  • sheets 34 are fastened, each of which is connected at its lower edge to transverse sheets 36, which in turn are acted upon by hydraulic cylinders 37 on their underside, which are supported on their underside on a stationary frame or on a gout stage, which is not shown in the drawing, since the gout stage has been omitted for the sake of clarity.
  • the shaft located above the parting line 14 is double-walled and can be cooled with water in its cavity.
  • the cupola furnace 1 in operation which is shown in the middle part in FIG. 1, has at its lower end a chassis 38, which is not shown in detail in detail, by means of which it is mounted on rails 39 of a frame 40 in the direction of Double arrow 42 can be moved laterally.
  • the hydraulic cylinders 37 are actuated after the furnace has burned down completely, which moves the entire furnace head 16 around the Move height H upwards, namely by means of a pivoting movement about the pivot axis formed by the pivot pin 24, whereby of course the clamps or the like at the parting line 14 and / or the parting lines 21 and the screw connection 43 of the water pipe are loosened beforehand 44 is opened.
  • the first lower furnace 17 is free from the upper furnace 16 and can be moved to the right in the direction of arrow 42 by means of the drive 38 of its carriage 38, not shown, so that it assumes a position in the right part, which corresponds in mirror image to the position of the second sub-furnace 18 shown in FIG. 1.
  • the second sub-furnace 18 is simultaneously moved under the furnace head 16 which is still raised. If the undercarriages 38 and 38 'of the two sub-ovens 17 and 18 are separated, the newly sub-oven 18 can be moved in a separate work step.
  • the second sub-furnace 18 can be positioned relative to the furnace head 16 on the one hand by means of its undercarriage 38 '.
  • the combustion chamber 22 is in detail on the joint designated as 48 between the top gas line 7 and the inlet connection 23 Setting means, not shown, are available.
  • the hydraulic cylinders 37 are slowly lowered, so that the lower edge 46 of the furnace head 16 lies on the soft seal 13 and provides the necessary sealing.
  • the connections between the wind line sections 19 and 19 'and the sections of the water line 44 are established, so that the cupola furnace is then ready for operation again.
  • the sub-oven can be replaced in about half an hour.
  • the sub-furnace 17 moved from its operating position into a waiting position can then cool down overnight and be reloaded on the following working day. It can easily be seen that the accessibility to the interior of a sub-oven 17 or 18 to be relocated is extraordinarily good, since the operating personnel are not hindered by the upper oven. Furthermore, it can be seen that there is no risk of accidents for the operating personnel, since a sub-furnace put on hold is completely separated from the gas system of the cupola furnace. For this reason, there is therefore no risk that uncontrolled air is sucked in from a waiting furnace. Despite these considerable operational advantages, the overall effort to be taken is considerably less than comparable known systems, since the gas system has only a single furnace head and accordingly can also dispense with any shut-off devices such as slides, water cups or the like.
  • the cupola furnace according to the invention is suitable for all possible configurations and operating modes, including with regard to the waste heat utilization, both so-called wet scrubbers, i.e. H. So systems that are provided in front of a downstream recuperator with wet dedusting devices, as well as systems with a combustion chamber, recuperator, heat exchanger and subsequent filter can be used in an advantageous manner, in which the initially unpurified blast furnace gases are burned.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)

Abstract

1. A hot-blast cupola furnace having a longlife lining, a top part (16) formed with a charging aperture (3), and a bottom part (17) which is mobile on a running gear (38) and which has a blast means (9) for supplying the blast and which, in the operative state, is connected to the furnace top part (16) disengageably at a sealed joint (14) and, in the disengaged state, is interchangeable for another furnace bottom part (18) the furnace top part (16) connected in manner known per se to a waste gas line (7) of a waste gas extractor (4) being pivotable upwards about a horizontal axis (24-24) spaced from the furnace axis (47-47), out of its operative position in which it is connected to a furnace bottom part (17 or 18).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Heißwind-Kupolofen mit Langzeitfutter.The invention relates to a hot-wind cupola furnace with long-term feed.

Bei dem in seinem grundsätzlichen Aufbau bereits seit langem bekannten Kupolofen handelt es sich bekanntlich um das gebräuchlichste Schmelzaggregat zur Herstellung von Gußeisen, Temperguß etc. in Gießereien. Dabei unterscheidet man prinzipiell zwischen dem sog. Kaltwind-Kupolofen, bei dem aus dem sog. Windring bzw. - mantel über am Umfang des Ofenmantels verteilte Düsen Wind (Luft) in den unteren Abschnitt des Kupolofens eingeleitet wird, und dem grundsätzlich gleich aufgebauten Heißwind-Kupolofen, dessen Wind vor der Einleitung in den Ofen erwärmt wird.The cupola furnace, which has long been known in its basic structure, is known to be the most common melting unit for the production of cast iron, malleable iron, etc. in foundries. A distinction is made in principle between the so-called cold-wind cupola furnace, in which wind (air) is introduced into the lower section of the cupola furnace from the so-called wind ring or shell via nozzles distributed around the circumference of the furnace shell, and the basically identical hot-wind furnace. Cupola furnace, the wind of which is warmed before being introduced into the furnace.

Der klassische Kaltwind-Kupolofen besteht im wesentlichen aus einem zylindrischen Blechmantel, der an seiner Innenseite mit einem feuerfesten, sauren Futter ausgekleidet ist, wobei die zusammen mit einem ringförmigen Windmantel die Windeinrichtung bildenden, über den Umfang verteilten Winddüsen in die feuerfeste Zustellung eingeformt sind. Da der Futterausbrand in der Schmelzzone so hoch ist, daß eine tägliche Neuzustellung des Ofens erforderlich ist, werden in der Regel zwei Ofenschächte nebeneinander aufgestellt, von denen der eine jeweils in Betrieb ist, während der andere repariert, d. h. mit neuem Futter zugestellt wird.The classic cold wind cupola essentially consists of a cylindrical sheet metal jacket which is lined on the inside with a refractory, acidic lining, the wind nozzles which form the wind device and which are distributed over the circumference, together with an annular wind jacket, are molded into the refractory lining. Since the feed burn-out in the melting zone is so high that a daily relining of the furnace is necessary, two furnace shafts are usually set up next to each other, one of which is in operation while the other is repairing, i. H. is delivered with new feed.

Derartig ausgebildete Kupolöfen mit saurem Futter, in die feuerfeste Zustellung eingeformten Winddüsen und wegen der täglich erforderlichen Neuzustellung paarweise angeordneten Ofenschächten sind auch als Heißwind-Kupolöfen in Betrieb, obwohl Heißwind-Kupolöfen überwiegend futterlos mit einem wassergekühlten Ofenschacht und mit wassergekühlten Winddüsen gebaut worden sind, da bei einer derartigen Ausgestaltung Reparaturarbeiten an dem Ofenherd nur in Abständen von einigen Wochen erforderlich sind und dann am Wochenende ausgeführt werden können, so daß derartige Schmelzanlagen nur mit einem Ofenschacht betrieben werden. Diese etwa seit 1960 vorwiegend ausgeführten Heißwind-Kupolöfen mit futterlosem Ofenschacht haben auch deswegen eine weite Verbreitung gefunden, weil bei ihnen die tägliche Neuzustellung des Futters zu vermeiden ist. Diesem Vorteil steht jedoch der Nachteil gegenüber, daß der wassergekühlte Ofenmantel zu beträchtlichen Wärmeverlusten führt, welche die Energiebilanz nachteilig beeinflussen und aufgrund der in den vergangenen Jahren erheblich gestiegenen Energiekosten als besonders nachteilig empfunden werden. Die durch den wassergekühlten Ofenmantel abgeführte Verlustwärme hängt maßgeblich vom Ofendurchmesser ab und liegt in der Größenordnung von 12 bis 25 % der mit dem Koks in den Ofen eingebrachten Wärmemenge. Es besteht daher verständlicherweise ein lebhaftes allgemeines Interesse daran, diese Wärmeverluste zu vermeiden, ohne allerdings dabei die Nachteile einer täglich erforderlichen Neuzustellung des Ofenfutters in Kauf nehmen zu müssen, und ohne Gefahren für die Ofenmannschaft einzugehen, die grundsätzlich dann bestehen, wenn derartige Schmelzanlagen mit zwei Ofenschächten ausgerüstet und betrieben werden.Cupola furnaces of this type with acidic lining, wind nozzles molded into the refractory delivery, and furnace shafts arranged in pairs due to the daily relining required are also in operation as hot-wind cupola furnaces, although hot-wind cupola furnaces were built mostly feed-free with a water-cooled furnace shaft and with water-cooled wind nozzles With such a design, repair work on the stove is only necessary at intervals of a few weeks and can then be carried out at the weekend, so that such melting plants are only operated with one furnace shaft. These hot-wind cupola ovens with a feedless furnace shaft, which have mainly been in use since 1960, have also found widespread use because they prevent the feed from being re-fed daily. However, this advantage is offset by the disadvantage that the water-cooled furnace jacket leads to considerable heat losses, which adversely affect the energy balance and are perceived as particularly disadvantageous due to the considerably increased energy costs in recent years. The heat loss that is dissipated through the water-cooled furnace jacket depends largely on the furnace diameter and is in the order of 12 to 25% of the heat quantity brought into the furnace with the coke. There is, of course, a lively general interest in avoiding these heat losses, without having to accept the disadvantages of having to readjust the furnace lining every day, and without taking on any dangers for the furnace crew, which generally exist when such melting plants with two Furnace shafts are equipped and operated.

Schon aus Gründen des Unfallschutzes muß nämlich dafür Sorge getragen werden, daß ein in einem zu reparierenden Ofenschacht arbeitender Bedienungsmann nicht durch das Eindringen von aus dem anderen Ofenschacht abgezogenen Gichtgas gefährdet wird. Daher müssen die einen Teil des gemeinsamen Gasleitungssystems bildenden Gichtgasleitungen der beiden Ofenschächte mit gasdichten Absperrorganen versehen werden, die zugleich verhindern müssen, daß aus dem gerade nicht in Betrieb befindlichen Ofenschacht eine unkontrollierte Falschluftmenge angesaugt wird. Die Absperrorgane sind demgemäß in der Regel als gasdichte Schieber ausgebildet, die einen beträchtlichen Aufwand erfordern, da sie einerseits ständig mit staubhaltigem Gas beaufschlagt werden und andererseits beim Niederbrennen des Ofens Temperaturen von 1 200 °C ausgesetzt sind, wobei sie dennoch stets mit Sicherheit für einen gasdichten Verschluß sorgen sollen. Daneben sind für derartige Aufgaben aufgrund des hohen Investitionsaufwandes für derartige Schieber auch sog. Wassertassen zum Absperren eines zu reparierenden Ofenschachtes verwendet worden. Auch diese sind jedoch sehr aufwendig und müssen aufgrund der maximal auftretenden Temperaturen von ca. 1 200 °C aus hochwertigen Stählen oder doppelwandig hergestellt werden.For reasons of accident protection alone, care must be taken to ensure that an operator working in a furnace shaft to be repaired is not endangered by the ingress of top gas drawn off from the other furnace shaft. Therefore, the top gas pipes of the two furnace shafts, which form part of the common gas line system, must be provided with gas-tight shut-off devices, which at the same time have to prevent an uncontrolled quantity of false air being sucked in from the furnace shaft that is not currently in operation. The shut-off devices are therefore usually designed as gas-tight slides, which require considerable effort, because on the one hand they are constantly exposed to dust-containing gas and on the other hand they are exposed to temperatures of 1 200 ° C when the furnace burns down, but they are always safe for one should provide a gas-tight seal. In addition, so-called water cups for shutting off an oven shaft to be repaired have also been used for such tasks because of the high investment in such slides. However, these are also very complex and, due to the maximum temperatures of approx. 1200 ° C, have to be produced from high-quality steels or double-walled.

Da für Heißwind-Kupolöfen im Hinblick auf eine möglichst günstige Energiebilanz großes Interesse daran besteht, die in den Gichtgasen enthaltene latente und fühlbare Wärme zur Heißwinderzeugung sowie ggf. zu einer weiteren Abhitzeverwertung auszunutzen, muß bei derartigen Anlagen Wert darauf gelegt werden, ein durch Falschluft möglichst wenig abgereichertes Gichtgas zur Verfügung zu haben, um die Zündung in einer der Gichtgasleitung nachgeordneten Brennkammer sicherzustellen und die vorhandene Abwärme möglichst weitgehend zu nutzen. Aus diesem Grunde ist die Gichtgas-Abzugseinrichtung bei derartigen Anlagen unterhalb der Begichtungsöffnung angeordnet und besteht im wesentlichen aus einer Ringkammer, von welcher aus die Gichtgasleitung zur Brennkammer führt. Die oberhalb der Gichtgas-Abzugseinrichtung stehende Materialsäule hat einen Druckabfall für die unvermeidbare Falschluftmenge zur Folge, der ggf. für den Aufbau eines Regelkreises benutzt werden kann, wobei bei einem Unterdruck von 1 bis 2 mm WS die Falschluftmenge in einem Bereich von etwa 2 bis 10 % der Gichtgasmenge eingestellt werden kann.Since there is great interest for hot-wind cupola furnaces with a view to the best possible energy balance in utilizing the latent and tactile heat contained in the blast furnace gases for generating hot wind and possibly for further waste heat recovery, value must be placed in such systems, if possible by false air to have little depleted top gas available to ensure ignition in a combustion chamber downstream of the top gas line and to use the available waste heat as much as possible. For this reason, the blast furnace gas extraction device in such systems is arranged below the charging opening and essentially consists of an annular chamber, from which the blast furnace gas line leads to the combustion chamber. The column of material standing above the blast furnace gas extraction device results in a pressure drop for the unavoidable quantity of false air, which can possibly be used for the construction of a control circuit, with the negative air quantity in a range of approximately 2 to 10 at a vacuum of 1 to 2 mm WS % of the amount of blast furnace gas can be set.

Der Vollständigkeit halber sei noch darauf verwiesen, daß aus den USA auch gefutterte Kupolöfen mit wassergekühlten Winddüsen und wassergekühltem Ofenmantel bekanntgeworden sind, und zwar zunächst als Kalt-Kupolöfen und nach der ersten Energiekrise später auch als größere Heißwind-Kupolöfen, die wenigstens eine Woche ohne Reparaturarbeiten am Futter betrieben werden können und demgemäß als Öfen mit « Langzeitfutter » bezeichnet werden. Sie werden mit einem Ofenschacht ausgeführt, wobei die Neuzustellung jeweils an einem Wochenende erfolgt.For the sake of completeness, it should also be pointed out that cupola fed from the USA fen with water-cooled wind nozzles and water-cooled furnace jacket, first known as cold cupola furnaces and later, after the first energy crisis, also as larger hot-wind cupola furnaces, which can be operated for at least one week without repair work on the feed and are therefore referred to as furnaces with "long-term feed" will. They are carried out with an oven shaft, whereby the new delivery takes place on a weekend.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, den Kupolofen der eingangs beschriebenen Gattung insbesondere im Hinblick auf das Gassystem erheblich zu vereinfachen und damit zu verbessern, wobei insbesondere die aus betrieblichen und sicherheitstechnischen Gründen bisher erforderlichen aufwendigen Absperreinrichtungen der Gichtgas-Abzugseinrichtungen vermeidbar sein sollen und der Kupolofen im Hinblick auf die Energiebilanz insbesondere für einen Heißwindbetrieb und eine Ausgestaltung mit Langzeitfutter bestimmt und geeignet sein soll. Dabei soll die begrenzte Lebensdauer des Ofenfutters bis zum letzten Tag ausnutzbar und dennoch ein praktisch kontinuierlicher Ofenbetrieb durchführbar sein. Weiterhin soll die Zugänglichkeit zum Inneren eines neu zuzustellenden Ofens verbessert und der insgesamt zu treffende Aufwand vermindert werden.The present invention is based on the task of simplifying and thus improving the cupola furnace of the type described in the introduction, in particular with regard to the gas system, whereby in particular the complex shut-off devices of the blast furnace gas extraction devices previously required for operational and safety reasons should be avoidable and the cupola furnace with regard to the energy balance, in particular for hot wind operation and a design with long-term feed, it should be intended and suitable. The limited lifespan of the kiln feed should be usable up to the last day and nevertheless practically continuous kiln operation should be possible. Furthermore, the accessibility to the interior of a new furnace to be delivered is to be improved and the overall effort to be reduced.

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe besteht in einem Heißwind-Kupolofen mit Langzeitfutter mit einem eine Begichtungsöffnung aufweisenden Ofenoberteil und einem eine Windeinrichtung zum Zuführen des Windes aufweisenden, auf einem Fahrwerk verfahrbaren Ofenunterteil, welches im Betriebszustand an einer abgedichteten Trennfuge abkoppelbar mit dem Ofenoberteil verbunden ist und im abgekoppelten Zustand gegen ein anderes Ofenunterteil auswechselbar ist, wobei das in an sich bekannter Weise mit einer Gichtgasleitung einer Gichtgas-Abzugseinrichtung verbundene Ofenoberteil aus seiner an ein Ofenunterteil angekoppelten Betriebsstellung um eine mit Abstand zur Ofenachse verlaufende, horizontale Schwenkachse hochschwenkbar ist.The solution to this problem consists in a hot-wind cupola oven with long-term feed with an upper part which has a viewing opening and a lower part of the furnace which has a wind device for feeding the wind and which is movable on a trolley and which, in the operating state, can be uncoupled from the upper part of the furnace and sealed in a decoupled joint State can be exchanged for another furnace lower part, the furnace upper part, which is connected in a known manner to a top gas line of a top gas extraction device, being pivotable upward from its operating position coupled to a furnace bottom part about a horizontal pivot axis running at a distance from the furnace axis.

Aus der US-PS-2 345 502 ist es zwar bereits an sich bekannt, einen Kupolofen zweiteilig auszubilden, um das im Betriebszustand an einer abgedichteten Trennfuge an das Ofenoberteil angekoppelte Ofenunterteil vom Ofenoberteil abkoppeln und nach einem seitlichen Verfahren gegen ein Ofenunterteil mit anderem Fassungsvermögen auswechseln zu können. Bei diesem bekannten Kupolofen ist das Ofenoberteil stationär ausgebildet und mittels eines Flansches auf einer Gichtbühne abgestützt, wobei sich der untere Endabschnitt des Ofenoberteils bis unter die Gichtbühne erstreckt. Zwischen dem unteren Rand des Ofenoberteils und dem oberen Rand eines darunter befindlichen Ofenunterteils befindet sich ein spaltförmiger Zwischenraum, der beim Ankoppeln eines Ofenunterteils an das Ofenoberteil mittels eines zylindrischen Ringes überbrückt wird, welcher an zwei ohrförmigen Vorsprüngen mittels zweier parallel zur Ofenachse verlaufender Stangen gehalten ist, welche sich durch die Gichtbühne hindurch nach oben erstrecken und im angehobenen Zustand bei abgekoppeltem Unterofen durch Haltemittel zu arretieren sind. Nachdem das Ofenunterteil gegen ein anderes Ofenunterteil ausgetauscht worden ist, wird der zylindrische Ring nach einem Lösen der Haltemittel abgesenkt und kommt mit einem am oberen Randabschnitt des anzukoppelnden Ofenunterteils vorhandenen Ring in Eingriff, um den Zwischenraum zwischen dem Ofenoberteil und Ofenunterteil abzudichten.From US Pat. No. 2,345,502, it is already known per se to form a two-part cupola in order to decouple the lower part of the furnace coupled to the upper part of the furnace in the operating state at a sealed joint and to replace it with a lower part with a different capacity by a lateral method to be able to. In this known cupola furnace, the upper part of the furnace is designed to be stationary and is supported by means of a flange on a top of the furnace, the lower end section of the upper part of the furnace extending below the top of the furnace. Between the lower edge of the upper part of the furnace and the upper edge of a lower part of the furnace underneath there is a gap-shaped space which is bridged when a lower part of the furnace is coupled to the upper part of the furnace by means of a cylindrical ring which is held on two ear-shaped projections by means of two rods running parallel to the axis of the furnace, which extend through the top of the top and are to be locked in the raised state when the lower oven is uncoupled by holding means. After the lower part of the furnace has been replaced by another lower part of the furnace, the cylindrical ring is lowered after loosening the holding means and comes into engagement with a ring present on the upper edge section of the lower part of the furnace to be coupled in order to seal the space between the upper part of the furnace and the lower part of the furnace.

Diese bekannte Ausgestaltung ist nicht nur schwierig zu bedienen, sondern vor allem auch bzgl. der erforderlichen Abdichtung im Bereich der zwangsläufig spaltförmigen Trennfuge schon deshalb nachteilig, weil das Gewicht des Ofenoberteils nicht zur Abdichtung beitragen kann, wie dieses bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Kupolofen der Fall ist, dessen Ofenoberteil beim Ankoppeln an ein Ofenunterteil um die Schwenkachse auf das Ofenunterteil herunterzuschwenken ist und demgemäß mit seinem Eigengewicht auf der vorzugsweise im Bereich der Trennfuge vorgesehenen Weichdichtung aufliegt, so daß auf diese Weise eine sichere gute Abdichtung sichergestellt ist.This known design is not only difficult to use, but also disadvantageous especially in terms of the required sealing in the area of the inevitably gap-shaped parting line, because the weight of the upper furnace part cannot contribute to the sealing, as is the case with the cupola furnace according to the invention, the upper part of the furnace is to be pivoted down about the pivot axis on the lower part of the furnace when coupled to a lower part of the furnace and accordingly rests with its own weight on the soft seal preferably provided in the area of the parting line, so that a secure good seal is ensured in this way.

Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Kupolofen wird die Schwenkachse für das Ofenoberteil im Hinblick auf die mit dem Ofenoberteil verbundene, seitlich vom Ofenoberteil abzweigende Gichtgasleitung bevorzugt durch ein Gelenk gebildet, welches zwischen dem dem Ofenoberteil abgekehrten Endabschnitt der Gichtgasleitung und einem ortsfesten Bauteil angeordnet ist, bei dem es sich in Ausgestaltung der vorliegenden Erfindung um den Einsatzstutzen einer der Gichtgasleitung nachgeordneten Brennkammer handeln kann.In the cupola furnace according to the invention, the pivot axis for the furnace upper part is preferably formed by a joint with regard to the top gas line connected to the furnace top and branching off laterally from the top part of the furnace, which joint is arranged between the end section of the top gas line remote from the furnace top and a stationary component in which it is located in an embodiment of the present invention can be the insert of a combustion chamber arranged downstream of the blast furnace gas line.

Zur Erleichterung der Zentrierung des Ofenoberteils relativ zum Ofenunterteil kann in weiterer Ausgestaltung das an der Gichtgasleitung angeordnete Gelenkteil des Gelenkes relativ zu dem an dem ortsfesten Bauteil angeordneten Gelenkteil des Gelenkes in Längsrichtung der Gichtgasleitung einstellbar sein, wodurch ein Nachrichten in Längsrichtung der Gichtgasleitung ermöglicht wird, während das Ausrichten im übrigen durch entsprechendes Verfahren des Ofenunterteils erfolgen kann.In order to facilitate the centering of the upper furnace part relative to the lower furnace part, the joint part of the joint arranged on the top gas line can be adjustable in the longitudinal direction of the top gas line relative to the joint part arranged on the stationary component, whereby a message in the longitudinal direction of the top gas line is made possible while Alignment can also be done by moving the lower part of the furnace.

Bevorzugte Ausgestaltungen der vorliegenden Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen beschrieben.Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in the subclaims.

Die Erfindung ist an einem Ausführungsbeispiel unter Bezugnahme auf eine Zeichnung weiter erläutert. Es zeigt :

  • Figur 1 eine etwas vereinfachte perspektivische Darstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Kupolofenanlage ;
  • Figur 2 einen vergrößerten Längsschnitt durch die Wandung des in Betrieb befindlichen Kupolofens gemäß Fig. 1 im Bereich der Trennfuge ; und
  • Figur 3 eine vergrößerte Darstellung des an dem dem Ofen abgekehrten Ende der Gichtgasleitung angeordneten Gelenkes, teilweise im .Schnitt.
The invention is further explained using an exemplary embodiment with reference to a drawing. It shows :
  • Figure 1 is a somewhat simplified perspective view of a cupola furnace system according to the invention;
  • FIG. 2 shows an enlarged longitudinal section through the wall of the cupola furnace in operation according to FIG. 1 in the region of the parting line; and
  • Figure 3 is an enlarged view of the the joint facing away from the furnace of the blast furnace gas line, partly in section.

Fig. 1 zeigt eine perspektivische Darstellung eines im ganzen mit 1 bezeichneten Kupolofens, der als Heißwind-Kupolofen mit Langzeitfutter ausgebildet ist und betrieben wird. Der Kupolofen 1 weist eine am oberen Ende eines Begichtungsschachtes 2 vorhandene Begichtungsöffnung 3 auf. Mit Abstand zu der Begichtungsöffnung 3 befindet sich eine im ganzen mit 4 bezeichnete Gichtgas-Abzugseinrichtung, die im wesentlichen aus einer Ringkammer 6 und einer mit dieser verbundenen Gichtgasleitung 7 besteht. Unterhalb der Gichtgas-Abzugseinrichtung 4 befindet sich mit Abstand zu dieser am Ofenschacht 8 eine im ganzen mit 9 bezeichnete Windeinrichtung, die im wesentlichen aus einem ringförmigen Windmantel 11 und über den Umfang des Ofenschachtes 8 verteilt angeordnete Winddüsen 12 besteht.Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a cupola furnace, generally designated 1, which is designed and operated as a hot-wind cupola furnace with long-term feed. The cupola furnace 1 has an inspection opening 3 present at the upper end of an inspection shaft 2. At a distance from the charging opening 3 there is a blast furnace gas extraction device, designated as a whole, which essentially consists of an annular chamber 6 and a blast furnace gas line 7 connected to it. Beneath the blast furnace gas extraction device 4 there is a wind device, generally designated 9, at a distance from it on the furnace shaft 8, which essentially consists of an annular wind jacket 11 and wind nozzles 12 distributed over the circumference of the furnace shaft 8.

Der Kupolofen 1 ist zwischen der Gichtgas-Abzugseinrichtung 4 und der Windeinrichtung 9 mit einer eine Weichdichtung 13 aufweisenden Trennfuge 14 versehen, wobei das oberhalb der Trennfuge 14 liegende, nachstehend auch als Ofenkopf bezeichnete Ofenoberteil im ganzen mit 16 bezeichnet ist und das unterhalb der Trennfuge 14 befindliche, nachstehend auch als Unterofen bezeichnete Ofenunterteil 17 von dem Ofenoberteil 16 abkoppelbar ist.The cupola furnace 1 is provided between the blast furnace gas extraction device 4 and the wind device 9 with a separating joint 14 having a soft seal 13, the upper part of the furnace located above the separating joint 14, hereinafter also referred to as the furnace head, being designated as a whole by 16 and that below the separating joint 14 located lower furnace part 17, also referred to below as the lower furnace, can be uncoupled from the upper furnace part 16.

Wie aus Fig. 1 erkennbar ist, ist außer dem zur Zeit in Betrieb befindlichen ersten Unterofen 17 ein seitlich neben diesem angeordneter zweiter Unterofen 18 vorhanden, der gegen den ersten Unterofen 17 auswechselbar und an den Ofenkopf 16 ankuppelbar ist, wie dieses weiter unten noch beschrieben ist.As can be seen from FIG. 1, in addition to the first sub-oven 17 that is currently in operation, there is a second sub-oven 18 arranged laterally next to it, which can be exchanged for the first sub-oven 17 and coupled to the oven head 16, as will be described further below is.

Der Ofenkopf 16 besitzt zwei Windleitungsabschnitte 19, die in der Ebene der Trennfuge 14 des Ofenschachtes 8 ebenfalls jeweils eine Trennfuge 21 aufweisen und dort mit unteren Windleitungsabschnitten 19' verbunden sind, die zum Windmantel 11 führen.The furnace head 16 has two wind line sections 19, each of which also has a separation line 21 in the plane of the joint 14 of the furnace shaft 8 and is connected there to lower wind line sections 19 ′ which lead to the wind jacket 11.

Der gesamte einen Oberofen bildende Ofenkopf 16 ruht mit seinem Eigengewicht auf der Weichdichtung 13 auf und sorgt auf diese Weise für eine gute Abdichtung.The entire furnace head 16 forming an upper furnace rests with its own weight on the soft seal 13 and in this way ensures a good seal.

Die Gichtgasleitung 7 führt mit ihrem dem Ofen 1 abgekehrten Ende zu einer Brennkammer 22 und ist mit diesem Ende mit.einem Einlaßstutzen 23 der Brennkammer 22 gelenkig verbunden, wie dieses insbesondere aus Fig. 3 erkennbar ist. Hierfür besitzt dieser Endabschnitt der Gichtgasleitung 7 seitlich angeordnete Gelenkzapfen 24, die in Stegen 26 gelagert sind, welche sich parallel zur Längsachse 27 der Gichtgasleitung 7 erstrecken und an einem Flansch 28 des Einlaßstutzens 23 befestigt sind. Zwischen der Innenseite des Einlaßstutzens 23 und der Außenseite der Gichtgasleitung 7 ist eine Ringdichtung 29 angeordnet. Der Durchmesser der Durchgangsöffnung 31 in der Wandung 32 der Brennkammer 22 ist größer als der Außendurchmesser der Gichtgasleitung 7, so daß diese begrenzt um die eine horizontale Schwenkachse bildenden Gelenkzapfen 24 in Richtung des Pfeiles 33 schwenkbar ist.The top of the top gas line 7 leads away from the furnace 1 to a combustion chamber 22 and is connected to this end in an articulated manner with an inlet connection 23 of the combustion chamber 22, as can be seen in particular from FIG. 3. For this purpose, this end section of the blast furnace gas line 7 has laterally arranged pivot pins 24, which are mounted in webs 26, which extend parallel to the longitudinal axis 27 of the blast furnace gas line 7 and are fastened to a flange 28 of the inlet connector 23. An annular seal 29 is arranged between the inside of the inlet connection 23 and the outside of the top gas line 7. The diameter of the passage opening 31 in the wall 32 of the combustion chamber 22 is larger than the outside diameter of the blast furnace gas line 7, so that it can be pivoted in the direction of arrow 33 to a limited extent about the pivot pin 24 forming a horizontal pivot axis.

An der Oberseite der zur Gichtgas-Abzugseinrichtung 4 gehörenden Ringkammer 6 und an der Außenseite des Begichtungsschachtes 2 sind Bleche 34 befestitgt, die jeweils an ihrem unteren Rand mit quer verlaufenden Blechen 36 verbunden sind, welche ihrerseits an ihrer Unterseite von Hydraulikzylindern 37 beaufschlagt sind, welche an ihrer Unterseite an einem ortsfesten Rahmen bzw. auf einer Gichtbühne abgestützt sind, was in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellt ist, da die Gichtbühne der besseren Übersicht halber fortgelassen worden ist.On the top of the ring chamber 6 belonging to the blast furnace gas extraction device 4 and on the outside of the inspection shaft 2, sheets 34 are fastened, each of which is connected at its lower edge to transverse sheets 36, which in turn are acted upon by hydraulic cylinders 37 on their underside, which are supported on their underside on a stationary frame or on a gout stage, which is not shown in the drawing, since the gout stage has been omitted for the sake of clarity.

Es sei noch darauf verwiesen, daß der oberhalb der Trennfuge 14 befindliche Schacht doppelwandig ausgebildet und in seinem Hohlraum mit Wasser zu kühlen ist.It should also be pointed out that the shaft located above the parting line 14 is double-walled and can be cooled with water in its cavity.

Schließlich sei noch darauf verwiesen, daß der in Fig. 1 im mittleren Teil dargestellte, in Betrieb befindliche Kupolofen 1 an seinem unteren Ende ein in seinen Einzelheiten nicht im einzelnen dargestelltes Fahrwerk 38 aufweist, mittels dessen er auf Schienen 39 eines Rahmens 40 in Richtung des Doppelpfeils 42 seitlich verfahrbar ist.Finally, it should also be pointed out that the cupola furnace 1 in operation, which is shown in the middle part in FIG. 1, has at its lower end a chassis 38, which is not shown in detail in detail, by means of which it is mounted on rails 39 of a frame 40 in the direction of Double arrow 42 can be moved laterally.

Stellt sich während des Betriebes heraus, daß das Futter des aus dem Ofenkopf 16 und dem ersten Unterofen 17 bestehenden Kupolofens ausgebrannt ist und demgemäß einer Neuzustellung bedarf, so werden nach dem vollständigen Niederbrennen des Ofens die Hydraulikzylinder 37 betätigt, welche den gesamten Ofenkopf 16 um die Höhe H nach oben bewegen, und zwar mittels einer Schwenkbewegung um die von den Gelenkzapfen 24 gebildete Schwenkachse, wobei selbstverständlich vorher die gegebenenfalls vorhandenen Klammern o. dgl. an der Trennfuge 14 und/oder den Trennfugen 21 gelöst werden und auch die Verschraubung 43 der Wasserleitung 44 geöffnet wird. In diesem angehobenen Zustand des Ofenkopfes 16 ist der erste Unterofen 17 vom Oberofen 16 frei und kann mittels des nicht dargestellten Antriebes seines Fahrwerkes 38 auf den Schienen 39 in Richtung des Pfeiles 42 nach rechts verfahren werden, so daß er im rechten Teil eine Position einnimmt, die spiegelbildlich der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Stellung des zweiten Unterofens 18 entspricht.If it turns out during operation that the lining of the cupola furnace consisting of the furnace head 16 and the first sub-furnace 17 has burned out and accordingly requires a new delivery, the hydraulic cylinders 37 are actuated after the furnace has burned down completely, which moves the entire furnace head 16 around the Move height H upwards, namely by means of a pivoting movement about the pivot axis formed by the pivot pin 24, whereby of course the clamps or the like at the parting line 14 and / or the parting lines 21 and the screw connection 43 of the water pipe are loosened beforehand 44 is opened. In this raised state of the furnace head 16, the first lower furnace 17 is free from the upper furnace 16 and can be moved to the right in the direction of arrow 42 by means of the drive 38 of its carriage 38, not shown, so that it assumes a position in the right part, which corresponds in mirror image to the position of the second sub-furnace 18 shown in FIG. 1.

Ist das Fahrwerk 38 mit dem Fahrwerk 38' des zweiten Unterofens 18 gekoppelt, so wird dabei gleichzeitig der zweite Unterofen 18 unter den noch angehobenen Ofenkopf 16 verfahren. Sind die Fahrwerke 38 und 38' der beiden Unteröfen 17 bzw. 18 getrennt, so kann das Verfahren des neu zugestellten Unterofens 18 in einem gesonderten Arbeitsschritt erfolgen.If the undercarriage 38 is coupled to the undercarriage 38 'of the second sub-furnace 18, the second sub-furnace 18 is simultaneously moved under the furnace head 16 which is still raised. If the undercarriages 38 and 38 'of the two sub-ovens 17 and 18 are separated, the newly sub-oven 18 can be moved in a separate work step.

Der zweite Unterofen 18 kann einerseits mittels seines Fahrwerkes 38' relativ zum Ofenkopf 16 positioniert werden. Für eine genaue Zentrierung quer zur Verfahrrichtung gemäß dem Pfeil 42 sind an dem im ganzen mit 48 bezeichneten Gelenk zwischen der Gichtgasleitung 7 und dem Einlaßstutzen 23 der Brennkammer 22 im einzelnen nicht dargestellte Einstellmittel vorhanden. Nach genauer Ausrichtung des Ofenkopfes 16 zu dem nunmehr in Betriebsstellung befindlichen Unterofen 18 werden die Hydraulikzylinder 37 langsam abgesenkt, so daß sich der untere Rand 46 des Ofenkopfes 16 auf die Weichdichtung 13 auflegt und für die erforderliche Abdicntung sorgt. Gleichzeitig oder anschließend werden die Verbindungen zwischen den Windleitungsabschnitten 19 und 19' sowie den Abschnitten der Wasserleitung 44 hergestellt, so daß der Kupolofen danach wieder betriebsbereit ist. Ein solches Auswechseln des Unterofens kann in etwa einer halben Stunde erfolgen.The second sub-furnace 18 can be positioned relative to the furnace head 16 on the one hand by means of its undercarriage 38 '. For an exact centering transversely to the direction of travel according to arrow 42, the combustion chamber 22 is in detail on the joint designated as 48 between the top gas line 7 and the inlet connection 23 Setting means, not shown, are available. After precise alignment of the furnace head 16 to the sub-furnace 18 now in the operating position, the hydraulic cylinders 37 are slowly lowered, so that the lower edge 46 of the furnace head 16 lies on the soft seal 13 and provides the necessary sealing. Simultaneously or subsequently, the connections between the wind line sections 19 and 19 'and the sections of the water line 44 are established, so that the cupola furnace is then ready for operation again. The sub-oven can be replaced in about half an hour.

Der aus seiner Betriebsstellung in eine Wartestellung gefahrene Unterofen 17 kann sodann über Nacht auskühlen und am nachfolgenden Arbeitstag neu zugestellt werden. Es ist ohne weiteres erkennbar, daß die Zugänglichkeit zum Inneren eines neu zuzustellenden Unterofens 17 bzw. 18 außerordentlich gut ist, da das Bedienungspersonal nicht durch den Oberofen behindert ist. Weiterhin ist erkennbar, daß keinerlei Unfallgefahr für das Bedienungspersonal besteht, da ein in Wartestellung gebrachter Unterofen von dem Gassystem des Kupolofens völlig getrennt ist. Aus diesem Grunde besteht mithin auch keinerlei Gefahr, daß aus einem in Wartestellung befindlichen Unterofen unkontrolliert Falschluft angesaugt wird. Trotz dieser erheblichen betrieblichen Vorteile ist der insgesamt zu treffende Aufwand gegenüber vergleichbaren bekannten Anlagen erheblich geringer, da das Gassystem nur einen einzigen Ofenkopf aufweist und demgemäß auch auf jegliche Absperreinrichtungen wie Schieber, Wassertassen o. dgl. verzichten kann.The sub-furnace 17 moved from its operating position into a waiting position can then cool down overnight and be reloaded on the following working day. It can easily be seen that the accessibility to the interior of a sub-oven 17 or 18 to be relocated is extraordinarily good, since the operating personnel are not hindered by the upper oven. Furthermore, it can be seen that there is no risk of accidents for the operating personnel, since a sub-furnace put on hold is completely separated from the gas system of the cupola furnace. For this reason, there is therefore no risk that uncontrolled air is sucked in from a waiting furnace. Despite these considerable operational advantages, the overall effort to be taken is considerably less than comparable known systems, since the gas system has only a single furnace head and accordingly can also dispense with any shut-off devices such as slides, water cups or the like.

Wie bereits weiter oben erwähnt wurde, eignet sich der erfindungsgemäße Kupolofen für alle möglichen Ausbildungen und Betriebsarten, und zwar auch hinsichtlich der Abwärmeausnutzung, wobei sowohl sog. Naßwäscher, d. h. also Anlagen, die vor einem nachgeordneten Rekuperator mit Naßentstaubungseinrichtungen versehen sind, als auch Anlagen mit Brennkammer, Rekuperator, Wärmetauscher und anschließendem Filter in vorteilhafter Weise verwendet werden können, bei denen die zunächst noch ungereinigten Gichtgase verbrannt werden.As has already been mentioned above, the cupola furnace according to the invention is suitable for all possible configurations and operating modes, including with regard to the waste heat utilization, both so-called wet scrubbers, i.e. H. So systems that are provided in front of a downstream recuperator with wet dedusting devices, as well as systems with a combustion chamber, recuperator, heat exchanger and subsequent filter can be used in an advantageous manner, in which the initially unpurified blast furnace gases are burned.

Claims (5)

1. A hot-blast cupola furnace having a longlife lining, a top part (16) formed with a charging aperture (3), and a bottom part (17) which is mobile on a running gear (38) and which has a blast means (9) for supplying the blast and which, in the operative state, is connected to the furnace top part (16) disengageably at a sealed joint (14) and, in the disengaged state, is interchangeable for another furnace bottom part (18), the furnace top part (16) connected in manner known per se to a waste gas line (7) of a waste gas extractor (4) being pivotable upwards about a horizontal axis (24-24) spaced from the furnace axis (47-47), out of its operative position in which it is connected to a furnace bottom part (17 or 18).
2. A cupola furnace according to claim 1, characterised in that the pivot axis (24-24) is embodied by a joint (48) disposed between a stationary component (22) and that end portion of the waste gas line (7) which is remote from the furnace top part (16).
3. A cupola furnace according to claim 2, characterised in that the part of the joint (48) which is disposed on the waste gas line (7) is adjustable in the longitudinal direction (27) of the waste gas line (7) in relation to that part of the joint (48) which is disposed on the stationary component (22).
4. A cupola furnace according to claim 2 or 3, characterised in that the stationary component is a combustion chamber (22) disposed in manner known per se downstream of the waste gas line (7).
5. A cupola furnace according to claim 4, characterised in that the waste gas line (7) is pivotally connected to an inlet spigot (23) of the combustion chamber (22).
EP83101249A 1982-04-21 1983-02-10 Shaft furnace Expired EP0092029B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83101249T ATE21543T1 (en) 1982-04-21 1983-02-10 CUPOLA.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE3214708 1982-04-21
DE19823214708 DE3214708A1 (en) 1982-04-21 1982-04-21 CUPOLA

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EP0092029A2 EP0092029A2 (en) 1983-10-26
EP0092029A3 EP0092029A3 (en) 1984-04-25
EP0092029B1 true EP0092029B1 (en) 1986-08-20

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AT (1) ATE21543T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3214708A1 (en)

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE420094C (en) * 1924-09-23 1925-10-16 Robert Ardelt Dr Ing Cupola furnace with a mobile lower hearth
US1801045A (en) * 1926-07-24 1931-04-14 Centrifix Corp Cupola
US2345502A (en) * 1942-03-13 1944-03-28 Herbert A Reece Cupola apparatus and method of melting metal
DE2815274C3 (en) * 1978-04-08 1981-07-09 Deere & Co. Niederlassung Deere & Co. European Office, 6800 Mannheim, Moline, Ill. Device for sealing ovens

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EP0092029A2 (en) 1983-10-26
EP0092029A3 (en) 1984-04-25
ATE21543T1 (en) 1986-09-15
DE3214708A1 (en) 1983-11-03
DE3214708C2 (en) 1987-07-02

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