EP0091389A1 - Bobbin removing device for a winding or twisting machine - Google Patents

Bobbin removing device for a winding or twisting machine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0091389A1
EP0091389A1 EP83420061A EP83420061A EP0091389A1 EP 0091389 A1 EP0091389 A1 EP 0091389A1 EP 83420061 A EP83420061 A EP 83420061A EP 83420061 A EP83420061 A EP 83420061A EP 0091389 A1 EP0091389 A1 EP 0091389A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shaft
wheel
arm
lifter system
spool
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP83420061A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0091389B1 (en
Inventor
Anne Mouterde
Guy Decuz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Staeubli Verdol SA
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Verdol SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Verdol SA filed Critical Verdol SA
Publication of EP0091389A1 publication Critical patent/EP0091389A1/en
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Publication of EP0091389B1 publication Critical patent/EP0091389B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H54/00—Winding, coiling, or depositing filamentary material
    • B65H54/02—Winding and traversing material on to reels, bobbins, tubes, or like package cores or formers
    • B65H54/40—Arrangements for rotating packages
    • B65H54/52—Drive contact pressure control, e.g. pressing arrangements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2701/00—Handled material; Storage means
    • B65H2701/30—Handled filamentary material
    • B65H2701/31—Textiles threads or artificial strands of filaments

Definitions

  • a parallelogram system is generally used as a means of guiding and holding the reel.
  • the improvements which are the subject of the present invention aim to enable this result to be obtained, which has the main advantage of keeping the wire guide throughout the duration of the formation of the coil in the same position close to the coil. .
  • the reel lifter system established in accordance with the invention firstly comprises a double arm 1 freely articulated by ears la, lb around a first fixed shaft 2.
  • the ends of the double arm 1 opposite the ears la, lb constitute a bearing for a second shaft 3.
  • the second shaft 4 protrudes beyond the arm 1 so that a second wheel 6 can be mounted with free rotation opposite that 5 on the end in question of the shaft 3.
  • a metallic ribbon advantageously made of steel is passed through and which has been assigned the general reference 7.
  • This ribbon thanks to the presence of a tensioner 8, is strongly stretched so that it is applied energetically to the periphery of the two wheels 4 and 6.
  • a blocking vee 9 is used on each of them, in the central part of which a screw 10 which passes through the ribbon is engaged to be screwed into a threaded hole in each wheel.
  • One of the cheeks lla of a yoke 11 is assembled to the inner face of the wheel 6 by means of two screws 12 and 13.
  • the yoke 11 is secured to a hoop 14 between the ends of the branches of which are mounted for rotation the two ends of the axis 15 of the core, not shown, of the spool of wire 16.
  • the path 20 of the axis 15 of the core of the coil 16 is a curve which is a function of the ratio of the radii of the two wheels 4 and 6 and of the lengths L and 1 of the arm 1 and the hoop 14 respectively.
  • a system has thus been produced for guiding a coil during formation which has great rigidity since all the clearances are taken up by the steel strip so that an excellent resistance of the coil is obtained.
  • the system has a reduced number of parts so that it is less expensive than those used so far.

Landscapes

  • Spinning Or Twisting Of Yarns (AREA)
  • Winding, Rewinding, Material Storage Devices (AREA)
  • Unwinding Of Filamentary Materials (AREA)
  • Winding Filamentary Materials (AREA)

Abstract

Il comprend deux roues (4, 6) autour desquelles est tendu un ruban d'acier (7) fixé à la périphérie de chaque roue. La première (4) d'entre elles est angulairement assujetie à un premier arbre (2) tandis que la seconde (6) qui est associée à un arceau (14) entre les branches duquel est placée une bobine (16), est montée à rotation libre sur un second arbre (3). Celui-ci est porté par l'une des extrémités d'un bras (1) dont l'autre extrémité est articulée autour du premier arbre (2).It comprises two wheels (4, 6) around which is stretched a steel strip (7) fixed to the periphery of each wheel. The first (4) of them is angularly subject to a first shaft (2) while the second (6) which is associated with a hoop (14) between the branches of which a coil (16) is placed, is mounted at free rotation on a second shaft (3). This is carried by one end of an arm (1), the other end of which is articulated around the first shaft (2).

Description

On sait que dans un métier à dévider ou à retordre, le fil est emmagasiné sur l'âme d'une bobine entraînée en rotation . par friction au moyen d'un tambour d'entraînement. Au fur et à mesure que le fil est déposé sur la bobine, le diamètre de celle-ci grandit de sorte qu'il est nécessaire de guider et maintenir en position la bobine en formation.We know that in a loom to twist or twist, the wire is stored on the core of a coil driven in rotation. by friction by means of a drive drum. As the wire is deposited on the spool, the diameter of the latter increases so that it is necessary to guide and keep in position the spool in formation.

On a déjà proposé plusieurs solutions pour effectuer ces opérations.Several solutions have already been proposed for carrying out these operations.

On a d'abord prévu des glissières dans lesquelles se déplace l'axe de l'âme de la bobine en vue d'assurer son guidage.Slides were first provided in which the axis of the core of the coil moves in order to guide it.

On a également prévu de monter l'âme de la bobine à l'extrémité d'un bras pivotant de telle sorte que le déplacement de la bobine s'effectue suivant un arc de cercle.Provision has also been made to mount the core of the coil at the end of a pivoting arm so that the displacement of the coil takes place in an arc of a circle.

Enfin, en vue de dégager la partie située à l'arrière de la bobine en formation, on utilise généralement comme moyen de guidage et de maintien de la bobine un système à parallélogramme.Finally, in order to release the part situated at the rear of the reel in formation, a parallelogram system is generally used as a means of guiding and holding the reel.

Ces divers modes de réalisation comportent chacun des inconvénients et en particulier ils ne permettent pas de réaliser un ensemble suffisamment rigide pour éviter les vibrations. D'autre part, la trajectoire suivant un arc de cercle n'est pas idéale car lorsque la bobine grossit, elle a tendance à s'écraser et à venir appuyer sur le guide-fil car on dispose ce dernier le plus près possible de la bobine en formation. Sa périphérie vient alors en contact avec le guide-fil, si bien qu'il est nécessaire de le reculer, ce qui entraine une opération supplémentaire qui grève le coût de l'opération.These various embodiments each have drawbacks and in particular they do not make it possible to produce an assembly which is sufficiently rigid to avoid vibrations. On the other hand, the trajectory following an arc of a circle is not ideal because when the reel grows, it tends to crush and come to press on the thread guide because we have the latter as close as possible to the reel in formation. Its periphery then comes into contact with the wire guide, so that it is necessary to move it back, which leads to an additional operation which increases the cost of the operation.

Pour ces deux raisons il est souhaitable de choisir une trajectoire de la bobine qui soit quelque peu différente d'un arc de cercle.For these two reasons it is desirable to choose a trajectory of the coil which is somewhat different from an arc of a circle.

Les perfectionnements qui font l'objet de la présente invention visent à permettre l'obtention de ce résultat qui présente comme avantage principal celui de garder pendant toute la durée de la formation de la bobine le guide-fil dans une même position proche de la bobine.The improvements which are the subject of the present invention aim to enable this result to be obtained, which has the main advantage of keeping the wire guide throughout the duration of the formation of the coil in the same position close to the coil. .

Le dessin annexé, donné à titre d'exemple, permettra de mieux comprendre l'invention, les caractéristiques qu'elle présente et les avantages qu'elle est susceptible de procurer :

  • Fig. 1 est une vue par côté d'un système léve-bobine suivant l'invention.
  • Fig. 2 en est une vue par dessus.
  • Fig. 3 illustre le principe de fonctionnement du système suivant l'invention.
The appended drawing, given by way of example, will allow a better understanding of the invention, the characteristics which it presents and the advantages which it is capable of providing:
  • Fig. 1 is a side view of a coil lifter system according to the invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a view from above.
  • Fig. 3 illustrates the operating principle of the system according to the invention.

Comme illustré en fig. 1 et 2, le système lève-bobine établi conformément à l'invention comprend tout d'abord un bras double 1 articulé librement par des oreilles la, lb autour d'un premier arbre fixe 2. Les extrémités du bras double 1 opposées aux oreilles la, lb constituent palier pour un second arbre 3. De manière adjacente à l'oreille lb du bras 1, on a monté sur l'arbre 2 une roue 4 angulairement fixe sur ledit arbre grâce à la présence d'une goupille transversale 5. Le second arbre 4 dépasse au-delà du bras 1 de manière qu'une seconde roue 6 puisse être montée à rotation libre en vis-à-vis de celle 5 sur l'extrémité en question de l'arbre 3. Autour des deux roues 5 et 6 on fait passer un ruban métallique établi avantageusement en acier et qui a été affecté de la référence générale 7. Ce ruban, grâce à la présence d'un tendeur 8, est fortement tendu afin qu'il soit appliqué énergiquement sur la périphérie des deux roues 4 et 6. De manière qu'aucun glissement ne se produise entre le ruban 7 et ces roues, on utilise sur chacune d'elles un vé de blocage 9 dans la partie centrale duquel on engage une vis 10 qui traverse le ruban pour venir se visser dans un trou fileté de chaque roue. On est ainsi assuré d'un parfait assujettissement du ruban 7 sur la périphérie des roues.As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, the reel lifter system established in accordance with the invention firstly comprises a double arm 1 freely articulated by ears la, lb around a first fixed shaft 2. The ends of the double arm 1 opposite the ears la, lb constitute a bearing for a second shaft 3. Adjacent to the ear lb of the arm 1, a wheel 4 is angularly fixed on said shaft on the shaft 2 thanks to the presence of a transverse pin 5. The second shaft 4 protrudes beyond the arm 1 so that a second wheel 6 can be mounted with free rotation opposite that 5 on the end in question of the shaft 3. Around the two wheels 5 and 6 a metallic ribbon advantageously made of steel is passed through and which has been assigned the general reference 7. This ribbon, thanks to the presence of a tensioner 8, is strongly stretched so that it is applied energetically to the periphery of the two wheels 4 and 6. In such a way that no slip occurs between the strip 7 and these wheels, a blocking vee 9 is used on each of them, in the central part of which a screw 10 which passes through the ribbon is engaged to be screwed into a threaded hole in each wheel. We are thus assured of a perfect securing the ribbon 7 on the periphery of the wheels.

L'une des joues lla d'une chape 11 est assemblée à la face intérieure de la roue 6 au moyen de deux vis 12 et 13. La chape 11 est solidaire d'un arceau 14 entre les extrémités des branches duquel sont montées à rotation les deux extrémités de l'axe 15 de l'âme non représentée, de la bobine de fil 16.One of the cheeks lla of a yoke 11 is assembled to the inner face of the wheel 6 by means of two screws 12 and 13. The yoke 11 is secured to a hoop 14 between the ends of the branches of which are mounted for rotation the two ends of the axis 15 of the core, not shown, of the spool of wire 16.

On a encore représenté le tambour moteur 17 destiné à l'entraînement en rotation de la bobine 16, ainsi que le guide-fil 18 situé pratiquement dans le plan horizontal passant par la génératrice supérieure du tambour 17. Entre l'oreille lb du bras 1 et la roue 4 on a placé une rondelle 19 de matière à haut coefficient de frottement telle que celle utilisée pour les garnitures de freins à tambour et qui est destinée à freiner le pivotement du bras 1.There is also shown the motor drum 17 intended for the rotary drive of the coil 16, as well as the wire guide 18 situated practically in the horizontal plane passing through the upper generatrix of the drum 17. Between the ear 1b of the arm 1 and the wheel 4 was placed a washer 19 of material with a high coefficient of friction such as that used for the linings of drum brakes and which is intended to brake the pivoting of the arm 1.

Le fonctionnement découle des explications qui précèdent :

  • Comme illustré en fig. 1 et 3, au début de l'opération de bobinage, l'âme de la bobine 16 repose contre le tambour 17, qui entraîne ladite âme en rotation. Lorsqu'un fil sortant du guide-fil 18 est engagé entre l'âme en question et le tambour 17, il s'enroule suivant des nappes superposées déterminées par le mouvement alternatif du guide-fil 18. Au fur et à mesure que l'épaisseur des couches de fil augmente, c'est-à-dire lorsque le diamètre de la bobine 16 croît, l'arceau 14 est repoussé vers le haut. Ce mouvement d'ascension entraîne une rotation de la roue 6 qui a pour conséquence un changement de position relative du ruban 7 par rapport aux deux roues 4 et 6. L'élévation de l'arceau 14 provoque un enroulement suivant un angle OG du ruban 7 sur la périphérie de la roue 4, tandis qu'une longueur correspondante de ruban se déroule de la périphérie de la roue 6. Du fait de la présence de la rondelle 19, le déplacement vers le haut du bras 1 est freiné.
The operation follows from the above explanations:
  • As illustrated in fig. 1 and 3, at the start of the winding operation, the core of the coil 16 rests against the drum 17, which drives said core in rotation. When a wire leaving the wire guide 18 is engaged between the core in question and the drum 17, it is wound up according to superimposed layers determined by the reciprocating movement of the wire guide 18. As the thickness of the wire layers increases, that is to say when the diameter of the coil 16 increases, the arch 14 is pushed upwards. This upward movement causes a rotation of the wheel 6 which results in a change of relative position of the tape 7 relative to the two wheels 4 and 6. The elevation of the hoop 14 causes a winding at an angle OG of the tape 7 on the periphery of the wheel 4, while a corresponding length of tape is unwound from the periphery of the wheel 6. Due to the presence of the washer 19, the upward movement of the arm 1 is braked.

La trajectoire 20 de l'axe 15 de l'âme de la bobine 16 est une courbe qui est fonction du rapport des rayons des deux roues 4 et 6 et des longueurs L et 1 du bras 1 et de l'arceau 14 respectivement.The path 20 of the axis 15 of the core of the coil 16 is a curve which is a function of the ratio of the radii of the two wheels 4 and 6 and of the lengths L and 1 of the arm 1 and the hoop 14 respectively.

On observe que par rapport à la trajectoire circulaire 21 que suivrait l'axe 15 si celui-ci était relié par un levier au premier arbre 2, la trajectoire réelle 20 se situe à l'intérieur de la machine, de telle sorte que la bobine pleine se trouve en excellente position pour être évacuée sur un tapis transporteur central comme cela est bien connu dans la pratique. Il va de soi qu'on n'a pas décrit de manière précise le mécanisme destiné à maintenir la bobine surélevée par rapport au tambour d'entraînement 17 en fin d'opération de bobinage car ce mécanisme est tout à fait usuel.It is observed that with respect to the circular trajectory 21 that the axis 15 would follow if the latter was connected by a lever to the first shaft 2, the real trajectory 20 is located inside the machine, so that the coil full is in an excellent position to be evacuated on a central conveyor belt as is well known in practice. It goes without saying that the mechanism intended to hold the reel raised relative to the drive drum 17 at the end of the winding operation has not been described in a precise manner since this mechanism is quite usual.

On a ainsi réalisé un système destiné à guider une bobine en cours de formation qui présente une grande rigidité car tous les jeux sont rattrapés par le ruban d'acier de telle sorte qu'on obtient une excellente tenue de la bobine. En outre, le système comporte un nombre réduit de pièces de telle sorte qu'il est moins coûteux que ceux utilisés jusqu'à présent.A system has thus been produced for guiding a coil during formation which has great rigidity since all the clearances are taken up by the steel strip so that an excellent resistance of the coil is obtained. In addition, the system has a reduced number of parts so that it is less expensive than those used so far.

On conçoit que l'ensemble des deux roues 4, 6 du ruban 7 et du bras 1 pourrait être disposé au centre de la chape 11. A ce moment celle-ci serait prévue avantageusement solidaire de l'arbre 3 sur lequel la roue 6 serait calée, tandis que cet arbre tourillonnerait librement dans l'extrémité considérée du bras 1.It is understood that the assembly of the two wheels 4, 6 of the ribbon 7 and of the arm 1 could be arranged in the center of the yoke 11. At this time it would advantageously be provided integral with the shaft 3 on which the wheel 6 would be wedged, while this tree would spin freely in the considered end of arm 1.

Claims (8)

1. Système lève-bobine du genre destiné à guider le déplacement de celle-ci au fur et à mesure que son diamètre s'accroit, par enroulement du fil, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend deux roues (4, 6) autour desquelles est tendu au moyen funiculaire (7) fixé à un point de la périphérie de chaque roue dont la première (4) est angulairement assujettie à un premier arbre (2), tandis que la seconde (6) est associée à un arceau (14) entre les branches duquel est placée ladite bobine, ladite seconde roue (6) étant montée à l'une des extrémités d'un bras (1) dont l'autre extrémité est articulée autour du premier arbre (2).1. Spool lifter system of the kind intended to guide the movement of the latter as its diameter increases, by winding the wire, characterized in that it comprises two wheels (4, 6) around which is stretched by funicular means (7) fixed at a point on the periphery of each wheel, the first (4) of which is angularly secured to a first shaft (2), while the second (6) is associated with an arch (14) between the branches of which said coil is placed, said second wheel (6) being mounted at one end of an arm (1), the other end of which is articulated around the first shaft (2). 2. Système lève-bobine suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la seconde roue (6) est calée sur un second arbre (3) angulairement solidaire de l'arceau (14) et qui tourillonne dans le bras (1).2. Spool lifter system according to claim 1, characterized in that the second wheel (6) is wedged on a second shaft (3) angularly secured to the hoop (14) and which rotates in the arm (1). 3. Système lève-bobine suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend deux roues (4, 6) autour desquelles est tendu un moyen funiculaire (7) fixé à un point de la périphérie de chaque roue dont la première (4) est angulairement assujettie à un premier arbre (2), tandis que la seconde (6) qui est associée à un arceau (14) entre les branche duquel est placé ladite bobine (16), est montée à rotation libre sur un second arbre (3) porté par l'une des extrémités d'un bras (1) dont l'autre extrémité est articulée autour du premier arbre (2).3. Spool lifter system according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises two wheels (4, 6) around which is stretched a funicular means (7) fixed at a point on the periphery of each wheel, the first of which (4 ) is angularly secured to a first shaft (2), while the second (6) which is associated with a hoop (14) between the branches of which said coil (16) is placed, is mounted to rotate freely on a second shaft ( 3) carried by one end of an arm (1), the other end of which is articulated around the first shaft (2). 4. Système lève-bobine suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que l'organe funiculaire (7) est un ruban métallique pourvu d'un tendeur (8).4. Spool lifter system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the funicular member (7) is a metal strip provided with a tensioner (8). 5. Système lève-bobine suivant la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que le ruban (7) est fixé à la périphérie de chaque roue (4, 6) au moyen d'un vé de blocage (9) dont les extrémités des ailes sont appliquées sur l'extérieur dudit ruban.5. Spool lifter system according to claim 4, characterized in that the strip (7) is fixed to the periphery of each wheel (4, 6) by means of a blocking vee (9) whose ends of the wings are applied to the outside of said tape. 6. Système lève-bobine suivant la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que le bras (1) est double afin de maintenir le second arbre (3) au niveau de ses deux extrémités.6. Spool lifter system according to claim 5, characterized in that the arm (1) is double in order to maintain the second shaft (3) at its two ends. 7. Système lève-bobine suivant la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que l'arceau (14) supportant la bobine (16) est solidaire d'une chape (11) dont l'une des joues est assujettie à la seconde roue (6).7. Spool lifter system according to claim 6, characterized in that the arch (14) supporting the spool (16) is integral with a yoke (11) one of the cheeks of which is subject to the second wheel (6 ). 8. Système lève-bobine suivant la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce qu'une rondelle (19) de matière a haut coefficient de frottement est placée entre le bras (1) et la première roue (4) afin que le pivotement dudit bras autour du premier arbre (2) s'effectue avec une résistance déterminée.8. Spool lifter system according to claim 7, characterized in that a washer (19) of material with a high coefficient of friction is placed between the arm (1) and the first wheel (4) so that the pivoting of said arm around of the first shaft (2) is carried out with a determined resistance.
EP83420061A 1982-04-07 1983-03-30 Bobbin removing device for a winding or twisting machine Expired EP0091389B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8206538 1982-04-07
FR8206538A FR2524870A1 (en) 1982-04-07 1982-04-07 LOOP-COILING SYSTEM FOR HITTING OR RETORDING

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0091389A1 true EP0091389A1 (en) 1983-10-12
EP0091389B1 EP0091389B1 (en) 1986-06-18

Family

ID=9273063

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83420061A Expired EP0091389B1 (en) 1982-04-07 1983-03-30 Bobbin removing device for a winding or twisting machine

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4451006A (en)
EP (1) EP0091389B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS58193862A (en)
DE (1) DE3364152D1 (en)
ES (1) ES521264A0 (en)
FR (1) FR2524870A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3769763D1 (en) * 1986-12-02 1991-06-06 Rieter Ag Maschf SWIVELING MECHANISM FOR SPOOL PIN.
DE19527214A1 (en) * 1995-07-26 1997-01-30 Schlafhorst & Co W Device for controlling a spool frame of a spinning machine

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1510485A (en) * 1966-02-19 1968-01-19 Algemene Kunstzijde Unie Nv Winding device
FR1515739A (en) * 1967-03-29 1968-03-01 Spinnerei Karl Marx Veb Device for adjusting the support pressure of the spool on cross wire winders

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2752100A (en) * 1954-02-02 1956-06-26 Foster Machine Co Yarn winding machine
US3008658A (en) * 1960-02-15 1961-11-14 Du Pont Winder with constant distance between package and guide roll
US3009661A (en) * 1960-06-24 1961-11-21 Du Pont Improved textile yarn windup mechanism
DE1660319A1 (en) * 1967-04-07 1972-04-06 Hoechst Ag Method and device for winding threads
US3430875A (en) * 1967-06-19 1969-03-04 Whitin Machine Works Winding apparatus
DE1685944C3 (en) * 1967-07-27 1974-08-08 Palitex Project-Company Gmbh, 4150 Krefeld Spool frame on upward twisting machines

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1510485A (en) * 1966-02-19 1968-01-19 Algemene Kunstzijde Unie Nv Winding device
FR1515739A (en) * 1967-03-29 1968-03-01 Spinnerei Karl Marx Veb Device for adjusting the support pressure of the spool on cross wire winders

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3364152D1 (en) 1986-07-24
ES8402231A1 (en) 1984-01-16
FR2524870B1 (en) 1984-08-10
JPS58193862A (en) 1983-11-11
ES521264A0 (en) 1984-01-16
EP0091389B1 (en) 1986-06-18
FR2524870A1 (en) 1983-10-14
US4451006A (en) 1984-05-29

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