EP0084608A1 - Electrostatic acoustical transducer - Google Patents

Electrostatic acoustical transducer Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0084608A1
EP0084608A1 EP82109902A EP82109902A EP0084608A1 EP 0084608 A1 EP0084608 A1 EP 0084608A1 EP 82109902 A EP82109902 A EP 82109902A EP 82109902 A EP82109902 A EP 82109902A EP 0084608 A1 EP0084608 A1 EP 0084608A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
resistance
electrically conductive
electrostatic
conductive layer
electrically conducting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP82109902A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0084608B1 (en
Inventor
Peter Kirilov Kantschev
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Savod SA Elektronni Preobrasuvatelni Elementi
Original Assignee
Savod SA Elektronni Preobrasuvatelni Elementi
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=3910187&utm_source=***_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0084608(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Savod SA Elektronni Preobrasuvatelni Elementi filed Critical Savod SA Elektronni Preobrasuvatelni Elementi
Priority to AT82109902T priority Critical patent/ATE17910T1/en
Publication of EP0084608A1 publication Critical patent/EP0084608A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0084608B1 publication Critical patent/EP0084608B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R19/00—Electrostatic transducers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrostatic transducer which is used in sound reproduction technology and works on the push-pull principle.
  • An electrostatic sound transducer is known from two parallel, solid, perforated insulating plates, the inner surfaces of which are covered with a low-resistance, electrically conductive layer. Each of the electrically conductive layers has a signal version for connection to the sound-frequency signal source.
  • a flexible, electrically conductive membrane having a high electrical resistance is fastened between the plates and is insulated from the electrically conductive layers and has a design for connection to the polarization voltage source.
  • a disadvantage of the sound transducer is the impossibility of regulating and controlling the room characteristics of the radiation.
  • This known sound transducer has a complicated structure and has a step-like changing frequency and spatial characteristic of the radiation and thus an irregular reproduction.
  • the object of the invention is to provide an electrostatic sound transducer with a simplified construction, which offers the possibility of uniform regulation and control of the spatial characteristic of the radiation and which has a regularly distributed spatial and frequency characteristic of the radiation.
  • the electrostatic transducer consists of two parallel solid perforated insulating plates, the inner surfaces of which are covered with an electrically conductive layer, each layer having a signal version for connection to the sound-frequency signal source.
  • a flexible, electrically conductive membrane with high electrical resistance is attached between the plates, which is insulated from the electrically conductive layers and has a design and connection to the polarization voltage source.
  • the electrically conductive layer has a high electrical resistance on at least one of the perforated plates.
  • the layer having a high electrical resistance is preferably divided into electrically contacting sections with different electrical surface resistance, while the signal execution is connected to the section which has the lowest electrical surface resistance.
  • the electrical surface resistance can expediently increase progressively, preferably starting from the middle and increasing to the periphery.
  • the electrically conductive layer with high resistance can have a spiral shape.
  • the advantages of the transducer according to the invention are the simplicity, the possibility of regulating and controlling the spatial characteristics of the broadcast and its evenly distributed frequency and spatial characteristics of the broadcast.
  • the electrostatic sound transducer (Fig. L) consists of two parallel, solid, perforated insulating plates 1, 2, the inner surfaces of which are covered with an electrically conductive layer 3 and 4, respectively.
  • Each electrically conductive layer 3, 4 has a signal version 5 or 6 through the center of the perforated plates 1, 2 for connection to the sound-frequency signal source, not shown.
  • a flexible, electrically conductive membrane 7 with high electrical resistance is fastened between the perforated plates 1, 2 and is insulated from the electrically conductive layers 3, 4 by insulating pieces 8.
  • the membrane 7 has an embodiment 9 for connection to the polarization voltage source (not shown).
  • the electrically conductive layer 3 has a high resistance, while the electrically conductive layer 4 has a low resistance. There is a possibility that both electrically conductive layers 3, 4 are high-resistance.
  • the perforated plate 1 is round, while the electrical surface resistance of the high-resistance electrical conductive layer 3 is the same over its entire surface.
  • the high-resistance electrically conductive layer 3 is divided into sections 10 which electrically contact one another, the electrical surface resistance of the sections 10 being different from one another, while the signal execution 5 is connected to the section with the lowest electrical surface resistance.
  • the surface electrical resistance of sections 10 may increase progressively, e.g. from the center to the periphery.
  • the perforated plate 1 is rectangular, while the high-resistance electrically conductive layer 3 is divided into strip-shaped sections 10 which are electrically connected to one another.
  • the surface electrical resistance of each of the sections 10 is different, but can also progressively increase from one end to the other or from the center to the periphery.
  • the perforated plate 1 is provided with a spiral high-resistance electrically conductive layer 3, whereby an inductance with distributed parameters is achieved, while the perforation is between the windings of the spiral, the electrical surface resistance of which is the same or the same along its entire length The center can grow progressively towards the periphery.
  • the diaphragm 7 is connected by its design 9 to the polarization voltage source 12, while the electrically conductive layers 3, 4 conduct with high resistance with an increasing electrical surface resistance R I , R, R ... from one end to the other. R are.
  • the signal versions 5, 6 are with the secondary winding 13 of an adaptation transformer tors 14 connected, the primary winding is connected to the sound-frequency signal source.
  • the membrane 7 is connected by its design 9 to the polarization voltage source 12, while the high-resistance, electrically conductive layer 3 has an electrical surface resistance which increases progressively from one end to the other.
  • the electrically conductive layer 4 is conventional and has a low ohmic resistance.
  • Your signal execution 6 is connected to any point of the electrically conductive layer 4.
  • the two signal versions 5, 6 are connected to the secondary winding of a matching transformer 14, the primary winding 15 of which is connected to the sound-frequency signal source.
  • the spatial characteristics and the frequency characteristics of the transducer can be easily controlled and regulated with improved uniformity.
  • the membrane has a specific resistance of 10 8 Ohm / cm; the specific resistance of the electrically conductive layers 3, 4 covering the perforated insulating plates 1, 2 is between 10 0 and 10 5 ohms / cm.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Electrostatic, Electromagnetic, Magneto- Strictive, And Variable-Resistance Transducers (AREA)
  • Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
  • Audible-Bandwidth Dynamoelectric Transducers Other Than Pickups (AREA)

Abstract

1. Electrostatic acoustic transducer with two parallel perforated insulating plates (1,2) whose surraces are covered with an electrically conducting layer (3, 4), each of which has a signalling arrangement (5 or 6) for connection with an acoustic frequency signal source, while, between the perforated plates (1, 2), there is fixed a flexible, electrically conducting membrane (7) which is insulated from the electrically conducting layers (3, 4) and has an arrangement (9) for connection with the polarisation voltage source, characterised in that the membrane (7) is electrically conducting with high impedance, that the electrically conducting layers (3, 4) are arranged on the inner surfaces of the perforated plates (1, 2) and that at least one of the electrically conducting layers (3, 4) possesses a high electrical resistance.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen elektrostatischen Schallwandler, der in der Schallwiedergabetechnik Anwendung findet und nach dem Gegentaktprinzip arbeitet.The invention relates to an electrostatic transducer which is used in sound reproduction technology and works on the push-pull principle.

Bekannt ist ein elektrostatischer Schallwandler aus zwei parallelen, festen, perforierten Isolierplatten, deren innere Oberflächen mit einer niederohmigen, elektrisch leitenden Schicht bedeckt sind. Jede der elektrisch leitenden Schichten weist eine Signalausführung zur Verbindung mit der schallfrequenten Signalquelle auf. Zwischen den Platten ist eine flexible, elektrisch leitende, einen hohen elektrischen Widerstand aufweisende Membran befestigt, die von den elektrisch leitenden Schichten isoliert ist und eine Ausführung zur Verbindung mit der Polarisationsspannungsquelle aufweist.An electrostatic sound transducer is known from two parallel, solid, perforated insulating plates, the inner surfaces of which are covered with a low-resistance, electrically conductive layer. Each of the electrically conductive layers has a signal version for connection to the sound-frequency signal source. A flexible, electrically conductive membrane having a high electrical resistance is fastened between the plates and is insulated from the electrically conductive layers and has a design for connection to the polarization voltage source.

Ein Nachteil des Schallwandlers besteht in der Unmöglichkeit, die Raumcharakteristik der Ausstrahlung zu regulieren und zu steuern.A disadvantage of the sound transducer is the impossibility of regulating and controlling the room characteristics of the radiation.

Aus der US-PS 3 773 984 ist ein elektrostatischer Schallwandler mit zwei parallelen, festen, perforierten Isolierplatten bekannt, deren innere Oberflächen mit einer niederohmigen elektrisch leitenden Schicht bedeckt sind. Die Schicht ist in voneinander isolierte konzentrische Ringe geteilt, die durch eine Reihenschaltung aus Spule und Widerstand in Reihe geschaltet sind. Die Zentralscheiben weisen Signalausführungen zur Verbindung mit der schallfrequenten Signalquelle auf. Zwischen den Platten ist eine flexible, elektrisch leitende, einen hohen elektrischen Widerstand aufweisende Membran befestigt, die von den elektrisch leitenden Schichten isoliert ist und eine Ausführung zur Verbindung mit der Polarisationsspannungsquelle aufweist.From US Pat. No. 3,773,984 an electrostatic sound transducer with two parallel, solid, perforated insulating plates is known, the inner surfaces of which are covered with a low-resistance electrically conductive layer. The layer is in isolated concentric rings divided, which are connected in series by a series connection of coil and resistor. The central discs have signal versions for connection to the sound-frequency signal source. A flexible, electrically conductive membrane having a high electrical resistance is fastened between the plates and is insulated from the electrically conductive layers and has a design for connection to the polarization voltage source.

Dieser bekannte Schallwandler ist kompliziert aufgebaut und hat eine stufenartig sich ändernde Frequenz- und Raumcharakteristik der Ausstrahlung und somit eine unregelmäßige Wiedergabe.This known sound transducer has a complicated structure and has a step-like changing frequency and spatial characteristic of the radiation and thus an irregular reproduction.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht darin, einen elektrostatischen Schallwandler mit vereinfachter Konstruktion zu schaffen, der die Möglichkeit einer gleichmäßigen Regulierung und Steuerung der Raumcharakteristik der Ausstrahlung bietet und der eine regelmäßig verteilte Raum-und Frequenzcharakteristik der Ausstrahlung aufweist.The object of the invention is to provide an electrostatic sound transducer with a simplified construction, which offers the possibility of uniform regulation and control of the spatial characteristic of the radiation and which has a regularly distributed spatial and frequency characteristic of the radiation.

Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß der elektrostatische Schallwandler aus zwei parallelen festen perforierten Isolierplatten besteht, deren innere Oberflächen mit einer elektrisch leitenden Schicht bedeckt sind, wobei jede Schicht eine Signalausführung zur Verbindung mit der schallfrequenten Signalquelle aufweist. Zwischen den Platten ist eine flexible, elektrisch leitende Membran mit hohem elektrischem Widerstand befestigt, die von den elektrisch leitenden Schichten isoliert ist und eine Ausführung und Verbindung mit der Polarisationsspannungsquelle aufweist. Erfindungsgemäß hat wenigstens auf einer der perforierten Platten die elektrisch leitende Schicht einen hohen elektrischen Widerstand.The object is achieved in that the electrostatic transducer consists of two parallel solid perforated insulating plates, the inner surfaces of which are covered with an electrically conductive layer, each layer having a signal version for connection to the sound-frequency signal source. A flexible, electrically conductive membrane with high electrical resistance is attached between the plates, which is insulated from the electrically conductive layers and has a design and connection to the polarization voltage source. According to the invention, the electrically conductive layer has a high electrical resistance on at least one of the perforated plates.

Die einen hohen elektrischen Widerstand aufweisende Schicht ist vorzugsweise in elektrisch einander kontaktierende Abschnitte mit unterschiedlichem elektrischem Oberflächenwiderstand geteilt, während die Signalausführung mit dem Abschnitt, der den niedrigsten elektrischen Oberflächenwiderstand aufweist, verbunden ist. Zweckmäßig kann der elektrische Oberflächenwiderstand progressiv anwachsend sein, und zwar vorzugsweise von der Mitte anfangend und zur Peripherie steigend. Die elektrisch leitende Schicht mit hohem Widerstand kann spiralförmig ausgebildet sein.The layer having a high electrical resistance is preferably divided into electrically contacting sections with different electrical surface resistance, while the signal execution is connected to the section which has the lowest electrical surface resistance. The electrical surface resistance can expediently increase progressively, preferably starting from the middle and increasing to the periphery. The electrically conductive layer with high resistance can have a spiral shape.

Die Vorteile des erfindungsgemäßen Wandlers bestehen in der Einfachheit, der Möglichkeit der Regulierung und Steuerung der Raumcharakteristik der Ausstrahlung und seiner gleichmäßig verteilten Frequenz- und Raumcharakteristik der Ausstrahlung.The advantages of the transducer according to the invention are the simplicity, the possibility of regulating and controlling the spatial characteristics of the broadcast and its evenly distributed frequency and spatial characteristics of the broadcast.

Anhand des in der Zeichnung gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiels wird die Erfindung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 einen Querschnitt eines elektrostatischen Schallwandlers,
  • Fig. 2 eine Draufsicht auf eine der perforierten Platten, auf der die hochohmig elektrisch leitende Schicht mit gleichem elektrischem Oberflächenwiderstand ausgebildet ist,
  • Fig. 3 eine Draufsicht auf eine der/perforierten Platten, auf der die hochohmig elektrisch leitende Schicht in konzentrische Abschnitte geteilt ist, von denen jeder einen unterschiedlichen Oberflächenwiderstand aufweist,
  • Fig. 4 eine Draufsicht auf eine der perforierten Platten, die rechteckig ist und deren hochohmig elektrisch leitende Schicht in elektrisch einander kontaktierende Streifen mit unterschiedlichem elektrischem Oberflächenwiderstand geteilt ist,
  • Fig. 5 eine Draufsicht auf eine der perforierten Platten, deren hochohmig elektrisch leitende Schicht spiralförmig ausgebildet ist,
  • Fig. 6 ein elektrisches Ersatzschaltbild und ein Schaltbild eines Wandlers, in dem die beiden perforierten Platten mit einer hochohmig elektrisch leitenden Schicht bedeckt sind und
  • Fig. 7 ein elektrisches Ersatzschaltbild und ein Schaltbild eines Wandlers, in dem die eine perforierte Platte mit einer hochohmig elektrisch leitenden Schicht und die andere mit einer niederohmig elektrisch leitenden Schicht bedeckt ist.
The invention is explained in more detail with reference to the exemplary embodiment shown in the drawing. Show it:
  • 1 shows a cross section of an electrostatic transducer,
  • 2 is a plan view of one of the perforated plates on which the high-resistance electrically conductive layer with the same electrical surface resistance is formed,
  • Fig. 3 is a plan view of one of the / perforated plates, on which the high-resistance electrically conductive layer is divided into concentric sections each having a different surface resistivity,
  • Fig. 4 is a plan view of one of the perforated plates, which is rectangular and the high-resistance electrically conductive layer in electrically contacting strips with different electrical surface resistance is divided,
  • 5 is a plan view of one of the perforated plates, the high-resistance, electrically conductive layer of which is spiral-shaped,
  • Fig. 6 is an electrical equivalent circuit and a circuit diagram of a converter in which the two perforated plates are covered with a high-resistance electrically conductive layer and
  • 7 shows an electrical equivalent circuit diagram and a circuit diagram of a converter in which one perforated plate is covered with a high-resistance electrically conductive layer and the other is covered with a low-resistance electrically conductive layer.

Der elektrostatische Schallwandler (Fig. l) besteht aus zwei parallelen, festen, perforierten Isolierplatten 1, 2, deren innere Oberflächen mit einer elektrisch leitenden Schicht 3 bzw. 4 bedeckt ist. Jede elektrisch leitende Schicht 3, 4 weist eine Signalausführung 5 bzw. 6 durch die Mitte der perforierten Platten 1, 2 zur Verbindung mit der nicht gezeigten schallfrequenten Signalquelle auf. Zwischen den perforierten Platten 1, 2 ist eine flexible, elektrisch leitende Membran 7 mit hohem elektrischem Widerstand befestigt, die von den elektrisch leitenden Schichten 3, 4 durch Isolierstücke 8 isoliert ist. Die Membran 7 weist eine Ausführung 9 zur Verbindung mit der Polarisationsspannungsquelle (nicht gezeigt) auf. Die elektrisch leitende Schicht 3 ist hochohmig, während die elektrisch leitende Schicht 4 niederohmig ist. Es besteht die Möglichkeit, daß beide elektrisch leitenden Schichten 3, 4 hochohmig sind.The electrostatic sound transducer (Fig. L) consists of two parallel, solid, perforated insulating plates 1, 2, the inner surfaces of which are covered with an electrically conductive layer 3 and 4, respectively. Each electrically conductive layer 3, 4 has a signal version 5 or 6 through the center of the perforated plates 1, 2 for connection to the sound-frequency signal source, not shown. A flexible, electrically conductive membrane 7 with high electrical resistance is fastened between the perforated plates 1, 2 and is insulated from the electrically conductive layers 3, 4 by insulating pieces 8. The membrane 7 has an embodiment 9 for connection to the polarization voltage source (not shown). The electrically conductive layer 3 has a high resistance, while the electrically conductive layer 4 has a low resistance. There is a possibility that both electrically conductive layers 3, 4 are high-resistance.

In Fig. 2 ist die perforierte Platte 1 rund, während der elektrische Oberflächenwiderstand der hochohmig elektrisch leitenden Schicht 3 auf ihrer ganzen Oberfläche gleich ist.In Fig. 2, the perforated plate 1 is round, while the electrical surface resistance of the high-resistance electrical conductive layer 3 is the same over its entire surface.

In Fig. 3 ist die hochohmig elektrisch leitende Schicht 3 in Abschnitte 10 geteilt, die elektrisch einander kontaktieren, wobei der elektrische Oberflächenwiderstand der Abschnitte 10 untereinander verschieden ist, während die Signalausführung 5 an den Abschnitt mit dem niedrigsten elektrischen Oberflächenwiderstand angeschlossen ist. Der elektrische Oberflächenwiderstand der Abschnitte 10 kann progressiv anwachsend sein, z.B. von der Mitte zur Peripherie.In Fig. 3, the high-resistance electrically conductive layer 3 is divided into sections 10 which electrically contact one another, the electrical surface resistance of the sections 10 being different from one another, while the signal execution 5 is connected to the section with the lowest electrical surface resistance. The surface electrical resistance of sections 10 may increase progressively, e.g. from the center to the periphery.

In Fig. 4 ist die perforierte Platte 1 rechteckig, während die hochohmig elektrisch leitende Schicht 3 in streifenförmige Abschnitte 10 geteilt ist, die untereinander elektrisch verbunden sind. Der elektrische Oberflächenwiderstand eines jeden der Abschnitte 10 ist verschieden, kann aber auch von einem zum anderen Ende oder von der Mitte zur Peripherie progressiv anwachsen.In Fig. 4, the perforated plate 1 is rectangular, while the high-resistance electrically conductive layer 3 is divided into strip-shaped sections 10 which are electrically connected to one another. The surface electrical resistance of each of the sections 10 is different, but can also progressively increase from one end to the other or from the center to the periphery.

In Fig. 5 ist die perforierte Platte 1 mit einer spiralförmigen hochohmig elektrisch leitenden Schicht 3 versehen, womit eine Induktivität mit verteilten Parametern erreicht ist, während die Perforation zwischen den Wicklungen der Spirale ist, deren elektrischer Oberflächenwiderstand längs ihrer ganzen Länge gleich sein oder von der Mitte zur Peripherie progressiv anwachsen kann.In Fig. 5, the perforated plate 1 is provided with a spiral high-resistance electrically conductive layer 3, whereby an inductance with distributed parameters is achieved, while the perforation is between the windings of the spiral, the electrical surface resistance of which is the same or the same along its entire length The center can grow progressively towards the periphery.

Im Wandler der Fig. 6 ist die Membran 7 durch ihre Ausführung 9 mit der Polarisationsspannungsquelle 12 verbunden, während die elektrisch leitenden Schichten 3, 4 hochohmig leitend mit von dem einen zum anderen Ende progressiv anwachsendem elektrischem Oberflächenwiderstand RI, R , R ... R sind. Die Signalausführungen 5, 6 sind mit der Sekundärwicklung 13 eines Anpassungstransformators 14 verbunden, dessen Primärwicklung mit der schallfrequenten Signalquelle verbunden ist.6, the diaphragm 7 is connected by its design 9 to the polarization voltage source 12, while the electrically conductive layers 3, 4 conduct with high resistance with an increasing electrical surface resistance R I , R, R ... from one end to the other. R are. The signal versions 5, 6 are with the secondary winding 13 of an adaptation transformer tors 14 connected, the primary winding is connected to the sound-frequency signal source.

Im Wandler der Fig. 7 ist die Membran 7 durch ihre Ausführung 9 mit der Polarisationsspannungsquelle 12 verbunden, während die hochohmig elektrisch leitende Schicht 3 einen vom einen zum anderen Ende progressiv anwachsenden elektrischen Oberflächenwiderstand aufweist. Die elektrisch leitende Schicht 4 ist konventionell und hat einen niedrigen ohmschen Widerstand. Ihre Signalausführung 6 ist mit einem beliebigen Punkt der elektrisch leitenden Schicht 4 verbunden. Die beiden Signalausführungen 5, 6 sind mit der Sekundärwicklung eines Anpassungstransformators 14 verbunden, dessen Primärwicklung 15 mit der schallfrequenten Signalquelle verbunden ist.7, the membrane 7 is connected by its design 9 to the polarization voltage source 12, while the high-resistance, electrically conductive layer 3 has an electrical surface resistance which increases progressively from one end to the other. The electrically conductive layer 4 is conventional and has a low ohmic resistance. Your signal execution 6 is connected to any point of the electrically conductive layer 4. The two signal versions 5, 6 are connected to the secondary winding of a matching transformer 14, the primary winding 15 of which is connected to the sound-frequency signal source.

Der Wandler hat folgende Wirkungsweise:

  • Die Polarisationsspannungsquelle 12 lädt die Kondensatoren auf, die von der Membran 7 und den in ihrer Nähe, an ihren beiden Seiten angeordneten Elektroden gebildet sind, die ihrerseits von den elektrisch leitenden Schichten 3 und 4 gebildet sind. Die Membran 7 ist der Wirkung des elektrischen Gleichfeldes, das von der Polarisationsspannungsquelle 12 erzeugt wird, und des elektrischen Wechselfeldes, das von der auf die Signalausführungen 5, 6 angewandten Gegenphasenwechselspannung mit Schallfrequenz erzeugt wird, ausgesetzt. Die Zeitkonstanten der Kreise (Fig. 6 und 7), bestehend aus Kondensatoren, die von den elektrisch leitenden Schichten 3, 4 und der Membran 7 gebildet sind, und den entsprechenden Widerständen R , R , R ... RK, die von den hochohmig leitenden Schichten 3, 4 für jede Flächeneinheit des Wandlers gebildet sind, bestimmen die entsprechenden Trennfrequenzen. Infolgedessen strahlen die Abschnitte 10 mit niedrigerem elektrischem Oberflächenwiderstand im ganzen Schallbereich aus, wobei mit dem Anwachsen des elektrischen Oberflächenwiderstandes der entsprechenden Abschnitte 10 auch die Ausstrahlung der hohen Schallfrequenzen für dieselben Abschnitte begrenzt wird.
The converter works as follows:
  • The polarization voltage source 12 charges the capacitors which are formed by the membrane 7 and the electrodes arranged in the vicinity thereof on both sides, which in turn are formed by the electrically conductive layers 3 and 4. The membrane 7 is exposed to the action of the DC electric field generated by the polarization voltage source 12 and of the AC electric field generated by the antiphase AC voltage applied to the signal versions 5, 6 with sound frequency. The time constants of the circles (Fig. 6 and 7), consisting of capacitors, which are formed by the electrically conductive layers 3, 4 and the membrane 7, and the corresponding resistors R, R, R ... R K , by the high-resistance conductive layers 3, 4 are formed for each unit area of the transducer, determine the corresponding separation frequencies. As a result, the sections 10 emit lower electrical surface resistance in the entire sound range, with the increase of the electrical surface resistance of the corresponding sections 10, the emission of the high sound frequencies for the same sections is also limited.

Durch Änderung des elektrischen Oberflächenwiderstandes der einzelnen Abschnitte 10 nach einem vorgegebenen Gesetz können die Raumcharakterstik und die Frequenzcharakteristik des Wandlers bei verbesserter Gleichmäßigkeit auf einfache Weise gesteuert und reguliert werden.By changing the electrical surface resistance of the individual sections 10 according to a given law, the spatial characteristics and the frequency characteristics of the transducer can be easily controlled and regulated with improved uniformity.

Als niedrige Widerstände (R = τ /C; τ= Zeitkonstante, C = Kapazität) wurden vorstehend Widerstandswerte in der Größenordnung von 100 bis 103 und als hohe Widerstände in der Größenordnung von 104 bis 108 Ohm bezeichnet. Die Membran hat einen spezifischen Widerstand von 108 Ohm/cm; der spezifische Widerstand der die perforierten Isolierplatten 1, 2 bedeckenden elektrisch leitenden Schichten 3, 4 liegt zwischen 100 und 105 Ohm/cm.As low resistances (R = τ / C; τ = time constant, C = capacitance) resistance values in the order of 10 0 to 10 3 and high resistances in the order of 10 4 to 10 8 O hm were referred to above. The membrane has a specific resistance of 10 8 Ohm / cm; the specific resistance of the electrically conductive layers 3, 4 covering the perforated insulating plates 1, 2 is between 10 0 and 10 5 ohms / cm.

Claims (5)

l. Elektrostatischer Schallwandler mit zwei parallelen perforierten Isolierplatten (1, 2), deren innere Oberflächen je mit einer elektrisch leitenden Schicht (3, 4) bedeckt sind, von denen jede eine Signalausführung ( 5 bzw. 6) zur Verbindung mit einer schallfrequenten Signalquelle aufweist, während zwischen den perforierten Platten (1, 2) eine flexible, hochohmig elektrisch leitende Membran (7) befestigt ist, die von den elektrisch leitenden Schichten (3, 4) isoliert ist und eine Ausführung (9) zur Verbindung mit der Polarisationsspannungsquelle aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß wenigstens auf einer der perforierten Platten (1 bzw. 2) die elektrisch leitende Schicht (3 bzw. 4) einen hohen spezifischen Widerstand aufweist.l. Electrostatic transducer with two parallel perforated insulating plates (1, 2), the inner surfaces of which are each covered with an electrically conductive layer (3, 4), each of which has a signal version (5 or 6) for connection to a sound-frequency signal source, while between the perforated plates (1, 2) a flexible, high-resistance electrically conductive membrane (7) is attached, which is insulated from the electrically conductive layers (3, 4) and has a version (9) for connection to the polarization voltage source, characterized that at least on one of the perforated plates (1 or 2) the electrically conductive layer (3 or 4) has a high specific resistance. '2. Elektrostatischer Schallwandler nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß die hochohmig elektrisch leitende Schicht (3 bzw. 4) in Abschnitte (10) geteilt ist, die elektrisch verbunden sind, wobei der elektrische Oberflächenwiderstand jedes Abschnittes sich von dem der anderen unterscheidet, und daß die Signalausführung (5 bzw. 6) an den Abschnitt (10) mit niedrigstem elektrischem Oberflächenwiderstand angeschlossen ist. '2. Electrostatic acoustic transducer according to claim 1, characterized in that the highly resistive electrically conducting layer (3 or 4) is divided into sections (10), which are electrically connected, wherein the electrical surface resistance of each section from that of the other is different, and that the signal version (5 or 6) is connected to the section (10) with the lowest electrical surface resistance. 3. Elektrostatischer Schallwandler nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß der elektrische Oberflächenwiderstand der Abschnitte (10) progressiv ansteigt.3. Electrostatic transducer according to claim 2, characterized in that the electrical surface resistance of the sections (10) increases progressively. 4. Elektrostatischer Schallwandler nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß der elektrische Oberflächenwiderstand der Abschnitte (10) von der Mitte zur Peripherie ansteigt.4. Electrostatic transducer according to claim 3, there characterized in that the electrical surface resistance of the sections (10) increases from the center to the periphery. 5. Elektrostatischer Schallwandler nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß die hochohmig leitfähige Schicht (3) spiralförmig ist.5. Electrostatic sound transducer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the high-resistance conductive layer (3) is spiral.
EP82109902A 1982-01-22 1982-10-26 Electrostatic acoustical transducer Expired EP0084608B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82109902T ATE17910T1 (en) 1982-01-22 1982-10-26 ELECTROSTATIC TRANSDUCER.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BG55092/82 1982-01-22
BG8255092A BG34753A1 (en) 1982-01-22 1982-01-22 Electrostatic acoustic converter

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0084608A1 true EP0084608A1 (en) 1983-08-03
EP0084608B1 EP0084608B1 (en) 1986-02-05

Family

ID=3910187

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82109902A Expired EP0084608B1 (en) 1982-01-22 1982-10-26 Electrostatic acoustical transducer

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0084608B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS58131900A (en)
AT (1) ATE17910T1 (en)
BG (1) BG34753A1 (en)
CA (1) CA1200888A (en)
DE (1) DE3269003D1 (en)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4533795A (en) * 1983-07-07 1985-08-06 American Telephone And Telegraph Integrated electroacoustic transducer
NL9400923A (en) * 1994-06-08 1996-01-02 Cornelis Ruijtenberg Transducer of an electrostatic loudspeaker and method for the production of an insulated stator plate of a transducer of this type
WO1997031506A1 (en) * 1996-02-26 1997-08-28 Panphonics Oy Acoustic element and method for sound processing
US6442282B2 (en) 1996-09-03 2002-08-27 New Transducers Limited Acoustic devices
CN102007778A (en) * 2008-04-18 2011-04-06 潘菲尼克斯公司 Directing sound field of actuator

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB537931A (en) * 1940-02-21 1941-07-14 Donovan Ernest Lea Shorter Improvements in electrostatic loudspeakers
US3773976A (en) * 1969-06-17 1973-11-20 H Beveridge Electrostatic loudspeaker and amplifier
US3773984A (en) 1967-06-06 1973-11-20 P Walker Electrostatic loudspeaker with constant current drive
US3892927A (en) 1973-09-04 1975-07-01 Theodore Lindenberg Full range electrostatic loudspeaker for audio frequencies
DE2414636A1 (en) * 1974-03-23 1975-10-16 Electrostatic Research Corp ELECTROSTATIC CONVERTER

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB838022A (en) * 1956-10-11 1960-06-22 Pye Ltd Improvements in electrostatic loudspeakers
CA866963A (en) * 1969-12-08 1971-03-23 Dayton Wright Associates Limited Audio system including electrostatic loudspeaker

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB537931A (en) * 1940-02-21 1941-07-14 Donovan Ernest Lea Shorter Improvements in electrostatic loudspeakers
US3773984A (en) 1967-06-06 1973-11-20 P Walker Electrostatic loudspeaker with constant current drive
US3773976A (en) * 1969-06-17 1973-11-20 H Beveridge Electrostatic loudspeaker and amplifier
US3892927A (en) 1973-09-04 1975-07-01 Theodore Lindenberg Full range electrostatic loudspeaker for audio frequencies
DE2414636A1 (en) * 1974-03-23 1975-10-16 Electrostatic Research Corp ELECTROSTATIC CONVERTER

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4533795A (en) * 1983-07-07 1985-08-06 American Telephone And Telegraph Integrated electroacoustic transducer
NL9400923A (en) * 1994-06-08 1996-01-02 Cornelis Ruijtenberg Transducer of an electrostatic loudspeaker and method for the production of an insulated stator plate of a transducer of this type
WO1997031506A1 (en) * 1996-02-26 1997-08-28 Panphonics Oy Acoustic element and method for sound processing
US6483924B1 (en) 1996-02-26 2002-11-19 Panphonics Oy Acoustic elements and method for sound processing
US6442282B2 (en) 1996-09-03 2002-08-27 New Transducers Limited Acoustic devices
CN102007778A (en) * 2008-04-18 2011-04-06 潘菲尼克斯公司 Directing sound field of actuator
CN102007778B (en) * 2008-04-18 2013-12-04 潘菲尼克斯公司 Directing sound field of actuator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA1200888A (en) 1986-02-18
DE3269003D1 (en) 1986-03-20
JPS58131900A (en) 1983-08-05
EP0084608B1 (en) 1986-02-05
BG34753A1 (en) 1983-11-15
ATE17910T1 (en) 1986-02-15

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE2513498C3 (en) Coaxial intermediate coupling for antenna coaxial cables
DE3408216A1 (en) VOLTAGE-LIMITING PROCEDURE
DE2428942A1 (en) PRINTED CIRCUIT
EP0096808A1 (en) Low leakage field radio frequency choke
DE3144252A1 (en) VOLTAGE DIVIDER IN THICK OR THICK FILM TECHNOLOGY
EP0035964A1 (en) Induction disk winding
EP0084608B1 (en) Electrostatic acoustical transducer
DE2461257C3 (en) Diaphragm for an electroacoustic transducer
DE3737989C1 (en) High voltage converter
DE2457797B2 (en) IRON-CORE-FREE MEASURING CONVERTER CAN BE USED AS A CURRENT AND VOLTAGE CONVERTER
DE2508140C3 (en) Surge arresters
US2155840A (en) Electrical transformer
US4703509A (en) Electrostatic acoustic converter with stationary electrode having a progressively increasing surface resistance
DE2059973A1 (en) Audio system with electrostatic loudspeaker
DE1262465B (en) Delay device in the form of an artificial line with distributed inductivities and capacities
DE2815668A1 (en) BROADBAND ISOLATOR
DE2703451A1 (en) ELECTROGRAPHIC RECORDING HEAD
DE2746583A1 (en) CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT FOR A CURRENT-LIMITING TWO-POLE AS A FEEDER IN TELEVISION SYSTEMS
DE940002C (en) Spark gap arrangement for high voltages
EP1079400A2 (en) Capacitor
DE69917439T2 (en) ARRANGEMENT FOR SUPPRESSING TERMINAL STRUCTURES
DE1591038B1 (en) TRANSFORMER FOR TRANSMISSION OF A WIDE HIGH FREQUENCY BAND
DE3900038A1 (en) SPEAKER VOICE COIL
DE3048099C2 (en) Active RC filter
AT150551B (en) Circuit in a high frequency coil or in a high frequency transformer with a pressed, magnetizable core.

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB IT LI NL SE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19831019

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed

Owner name: SOCIETA' ITALIANA BREVETTI S.P.A.

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB IT LI NL SE

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 17910

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19860215

Kind code of ref document: T

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 3269003

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19860320

ET Fr: translation filed
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 19860929

Year of fee payment: 5

PLBI Opposition filed

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009260

26 Opposition filed

Opponent name: N.V. PHILIPS' GLOEILAMPENFABRIEKEN

Effective date: 19861103

NLR1 Nl: opposition has been filed with the epo

Opponent name: N.V. PHILIPS' GLOEILAMPENFABRIEKEN

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 19871031

Year of fee payment: 6

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 19881228

Year of fee payment: 7

RDAG Patent revoked

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009271

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: PATENT REVOKED

GBPR Gb: patent revoked under art. 102 of the ep convention designating the uk as contracting state
27W Patent revoked

Effective date: 19890720

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

NLR2 Nl: decision of opposition
BERE Be: lapsed

Owner name: SAVOD SA ELEKTRONNI PREOBRASUVATELNI ELEMENTI

Effective date: 19891031

EUG Se: european patent has lapsed

Ref document number: 82109902.5