EP0079090A1 - Series arranged pipe bundle heat exchanger - Google Patents

Series arranged pipe bundle heat exchanger Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0079090A1
EP0079090A1 EP82201224A EP82201224A EP0079090A1 EP 0079090 A1 EP0079090 A1 EP 0079090A1 EP 82201224 A EP82201224 A EP 82201224A EP 82201224 A EP82201224 A EP 82201224A EP 0079090 A1 EP0079090 A1 EP 0079090A1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
flow
medium
cooled
heat exchanger
tubes
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EP82201224A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0079090B1 (en
Inventor
Pierre Dipl.-Ing. Chappuis
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ABB AG Germany
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BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland
ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/053Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
    • F28D1/05316Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators
    • F28D1/05333Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators with multiple rows of conduits or with multi-channel conduits
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/24Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely
    • F28F1/32Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely the means having portions engaging further tubular elements
    • F28F1/325Fins with openings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heat exchanger with a tube bundle arranged in rows, the tubes of which are staggered in successive rows and penetrate a plurality of plate fins and are thereby in metallic connection with the plates, and through which a coolant flows and around which a medium to be cooled flows in a cross flow are, the medium to be cooled flows between the plate fins, which are provided with means for flow guidance and / or influencing the boundary layer.
  • Such heat exchangers - if they are used as coolers for the charge air of supercharged internal combustion engines - usually work with water as the coolant.
  • Known means of improving the heat transfer through targeted flow guidance between the fins and tubes and by influencing the boundary layer include turbulence grids, baffles or projections on the fins. All of these measures usually cause undesirable pressure losses.
  • Other means to reduce the flow boundary layer building up on the ribs and thus Improving the heat transfer has become known as recesses of all shapes in the fins in front of, behind and to the side of the cooling pipes to be flowed around. However, it has been shown that the more or less random arrangement of recesses in terms of heat transfer and flow losses is no better than flat, uninterrupted ribs.
  • edge flows in which the agent to be cooled affects only the radiator side walls and the edge zones of the fins, but not the pipes, cannot be remedied by the known means.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a heat exchanger in which means for improving the heat transfer are provided in a simple and inexpensive manner, the pressure losses are minimal, which are largely insensitive to dirt and which allow a uniform flow through the ribs.
  • a heat exchanger in its simplest form is shown schematically, as it is used for example as a charge air cooler for supercharged internal combustion engines.
  • the coolant in the present case water
  • the medium to be cooled in the present case hot, compressed air, flows around the tube bundle in a cross-flow (perpendicular to the plane of the drawing) and is passed through flow channels through the cooler, which are formed by plate fins 3 arranged close together.
  • the latter are only partially shown for the sake of clarity and are referred to below only as a rib.
  • the pipes 2 made of largely corrosion-resistant material are preferably rolled into the pipe plates 4, 4 '.
  • the water caps 5, 5 'delimiting the water chambers 1, 1' are screwed onto the tube sheets 4, 4 'because of the easy accessibility and disassembly of the cooler.
  • slide plates 7 are arranged in the rib packs, which extend over the entire height of the ribs and which take over the guidance of the unit on the side walls 6, 6 '.
  • Fig. 2 From Fig. 2 the rows of tubes in the tube bundle can be seen.
  • the tubes of the successive rows are offset by half a tube spacing. With such an arrangement, the flow dead spaces downstream of the tubes are smaller and thus the heat transfers are greater than in the case of bundle rows with an aligned tube arrangement.
  • a part of a rib 3 is shown with the associated flow-limiting side part 6 of the cooler.
  • the rib which is preferably made of copper, is penetrated by all the tubes of the bundle, the rib and tube being in metallic contact for the necessary heat transfer.
  • Fig. 3 shows how the individual ribs 3 are held at a distance from each other. This is done by means of flanges 8, which are produced by deformation at the holes in the rib provided for the tubes. The flanges 8 are simultaneously for the close contact between the rib 3 and tube 2 concerned. The latter is achieved in that the tubes inserted into the holes mentioned are mechanically widened, resulting in a slight compression of the rib, or in that the ribs are soldered to the tubes.
  • flow-guiding elements are now provided on the lateral rib edge 9 and inside the ribs.
  • a collar 11 which also has the same depth and the same shape as the flanges 8, is attached to the semicircular circumference of this recess 10, preferably on the same rib side on which the previously mentioned flanges 8 are arranged. It is thus in abutment with the adjacent rib and forms a flow restrictor which first leads inward and then outward in the direction of flow of the air.
  • the laterally outer tubes 2 ' (Example: 2nd row) the flow is similar to that of the rest of the tube bundle.
  • slots 12 are not punched out, as is known, between two tubes of the same row, but instead, according to FIG. 2, in the direction of flow of the air below two tubes 2 ′ which have already flowed around them (example : 2nd row) and above the pipe 2 "to be flowed around next (example: 3rd row).
  • the exact positioning and the slot width are selected so that only the air content is recorded in which healthy flow conditions prevail, but not that dotted areas 13 indicated in the downstream dead space of the pipes 2 'lying laterally above the slot 12 (example: 2nd row).
  • the slot is made wider than the pipe diameter; the pipe spacing in the same row, the row spacing and generally the current flow conditions wi e is, for example, air speed, degree of turbulence and the like.
  • the function of the slot 12 is as follows: as is known, with a large fin height and a small fin spacing, a strong boundary layer is formed, which has an unfavorable effect on the heat transfer.
  • the rib base is particularly affected, i.e. the connection of the rib flanks to the flange surrounding the tube.
  • An effective means of disrupting this boundary layer and reducing the ratio of the height of the ribs to the distance between the ribs, which is decisive for the boundary layer, is to make the slits in the ribs forming the channel walls between two pipes with a common vertical axis lying one above the other in the direction of flow.
  • a new boundary layer has to be built up in the lower channel part now formed by the slot 12 above the pipe 2. Since there is little fin height available, only a weak boundary layer forms up to the base of the fin, which significantly improves the heat transfer there. In addition, the measure has the advantage that the slot does not grow even with heavy deposits at the top and bottom; only the upper and lower edges grow towards each other without significantly reducing the effective channel cross section.
  • FIG. 2 A particularly favorable side effect of these deformations can be seen in FIG. 2.
  • the representation is only for the lower two rows of pipes. Since the turning does not take place directly at the edge of the slot, but rather gradually takes place due to the material and the flow, the deflection of the affected rib sections begins on the inflow side in a zone 14, which is located between the tubes located above the slot 12 (example: second bottom row). So great Section raised above the rib plane has a channeling function on its lateral edges 15 for the air fraction which flows directly on the rib wall. As indicated by the arrows 16, this portion of air is forced into the flow zone of the pipe just flowed around (example: second lowest pipe row) and causes the flow to be more largely present on the outflow side of this pipe.
  • the invention is not limited to what is shown and described.
  • the heat flow could also flow in the reverse direction, i.e. the heat exchanger can serve as a preheater for the medium flowing between the fins.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

1. Heat exchanger with tube bundles which are arranged in rows and the tubes (2', 2") of wich are offset relative to one another in successive rows and pass through a multiplicity of plate fins (3) and at the same time are connected metallically to the plates, and through which a cooling medium flows and round which a medium to be cooled flows in a cross-current, the medium to be cooled flowing between the plate fins, and there being slits (12) directed transversely relative to the direction of flow of the medium to be cooled, characterized in that these slits (12) in the plate fins (3) are respectively arranged downstream between two tubes (2'), round which the medium to be cooled has already flowed, and upstream of the offset tube (2"), round which the medium to be cooled is to flow, and the edges of the slits (12) are bent over their entire width, that the flow channel formed by two adjacent plate fins (3) is interrupted above the tube, round which the medium to be cooled is to flow, and so that the medium to be cooled is guided round and partially deflected into the adjacent flow channel.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Wärmeaustauscher mit reihenweise angeordnetem Rohrbündel, dessen Rohre in aufeinanderfolgenden Reihen jeweils versetzt sind und eine Mehrzahl von Plattenrippen durchdringen und dabei mit den Platten in metallischer Verbindung sind, und die von einem Kühlmittel durchströmt sind und von einem zu kühlenden Mittel im Kreuzstrom umströmt sind, wobei das zu kühlende Mittel zwischen den Plattenrippen strömt, welche mit Mitteln zur Strömungsführung und/oder Grenzschichtbeeinflussung versehen sind.The invention relates to a heat exchanger with a tube bundle arranged in rows, the tubes of which are staggered in successive rows and penetrate a plurality of plate fins and are thereby in metallic connection with the plates, and through which a coolant flows and around which a medium to be cooled flows in a cross flow are, the medium to be cooled flows between the plate fins, which are provided with means for flow guidance and / or influencing the boundary layer.

Derartige Wärmeaustauscher - sofern sie als Kühler für die Ladeluft von aufgeladenen Verbrennungsmotoren verwendet werden - arbeiten üblicherweise mit Wasser als Kühlmittel. Bekannte Mittel zur Verbesserung des Wärmeübergangs durch gezielte Strömungsführung zwischen den Rippen und Rohren und durch Grenzschichtbeeinflussung sind u.a. Turbulenzgitter, Leitbleche oder Vorsprünge an den Rippen. Alle diese Massnahmen bewirken in der Regel unerwünschte Druckverluste. Weitere Mittel, um die sich an den Rippen aufbauende Strömungsgrenzschicht zu vermindern und damit den Wärmeübergang zu verbessern, sind als Aussparungen aller Formen in den Rippen vor, hinter und seitlich der zu umströmenden Kühlrohre bekanntgeworden. Es hat sich indes gezeigt, dass die mehr oder weniger wahllose Anordnung von Aussparungen hinsichtlich Wärmeübergang und Strömungsverluste nicht besser sind als flache, ununterbrochene Rippen. Das zu kühlende Mittel - bei den genannten Verbrennungsmotoren handelt es sich um Luft - ist überdies oel- und schmutzhaltig. Liegen die Aussparungen in den Rippen in Form von engen Schlitzen vor, so setzen sich die Schmutzpartikel än den Schlitzrändern fest. Mit zunehmender Betriebsdauer wächst der Schlitz zu, was ihn wirkungslos macht. Auch dem Problem der Randströmungen, bei denen das zu kühlende Mittel nur die Kühlerseitenwände und die Randzonen der Rippen, nicht jedoch die Rohre beaufschlagt, ist mit den bekannten Mitteln nicht abzuhelfen.Such heat exchangers - if they are used as coolers for the charge air of supercharged internal combustion engines - usually work with water as the coolant. Known means of improving the heat transfer through targeted flow guidance between the fins and tubes and by influencing the boundary layer include turbulence grids, baffles or projections on the fins. All of these measures usually cause undesirable pressure losses. Other means to reduce the flow boundary layer building up on the ribs and thus Improving the heat transfer has become known as recesses of all shapes in the fins in front of, behind and to the side of the cooling pipes to be flowed around. However, it has been shown that the more or less random arrangement of recesses in terms of heat transfer and flow losses is no better than flat, uninterrupted ribs. The medium to be cooled - the internal combustion engines mentioned are air - is moreover oil and dirt-containing. If the recesses in the ribs are in the form of narrow slots, the dirt particles settle on the slot edges. As the operating time increases, the slot grows, making it ineffective. The problem of edge flows, in which the agent to be cooled affects only the radiator side walls and the edge zones of the fins, but not the pipes, cannot be remedied by the known means.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Wärmeaustauscher zu schaffen, bei dem auf einfache und kostengünstige Art Mittel zur Verbesserung des Wärmeübergangs vorgesehen sind, deren Druckverluste minimal sind, die weitgehend schmutzunempfindlich sind und die eine gleichmässige Durchströmung der Rippen gestatten.The invention has for its object to provide a heat exchanger in which means for improving the heat transfer are provided in a simple and inexpensive manner, the pressure losses are minimal, which are largely insensitive to dirt and which allow a uniform flow through the ribs.

Bei einem Wärmeaustauscher der vorgenannten Art wird diese Aufgabe erfindungsgemäss mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen der Ansprüche 1 und 2 gelöst.In a heat exchanger of the aforementioned type, this object is achieved according to the invention with the characterizing features of claims 1 and 2.

Im Innern der Plattenrippen wird dabei durch die spezielle Anordnung und Formgebung der Schlitze eine bessere Wärmeübertragung sowohl an den Rippen als auch an den Rohren erzielt. Auch bei Reinigungsarbeiten bewirken die Schlitze aufgrund ihrer Durchlässigkeit für Lösungsmittel eine wesentliche Vereinfachung.Due to the special arrangement and shape of the slots, better heat transfer is achieved inside the plate fins both on the fins and on the tubes. The slits also make cleaning much easier due to their permeability to solvents.

Am Rippenrand werden die bisher üblichen Bypassströme verhindert, wodurch sich für die am Rippenrand angeordneten Kühlrohre die gleichen Anströmungsbedingungen ergeben wie für die Rohre im Bündelinnern.At the edge of the fin, the usual bypass flows are prevented, which results in the same flow conditions for the cooling tubes arranged on the edge of the fin as for the tubes in the interior of the bundle.

Anhand der Zeichnung wird im folgenden ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung erläutert.An exemplary embodiment of the invention is explained below with reference to the drawing.

Es zeigen:

  • Fig. l eine Draufsicht eines Wärmeaustauschers in montiertem Zustand
  • Fig. 2 eine teilweise Vorderansicht einer Plattenrippe in einem Querschnitt durch den Wärmeaustauscher nach Linie D-D in Fig. 1
  • Fig. 3 einen Querschnitt durch mehrere Plattenrippen nach Linie A-A in Fig. 2 in vergrössertem Massstab.
Show it:
  • Fig. L is a plan view of a heat exchanger in the assembled state
  • 2 shows a partial front view of a plate fin in a cross section through the heat exchanger along line DD in FIG. 1
  • Fig. 3 shows a cross section through several plate ribs along the line AA in Fig. 2 on an enlarged scale.

In Fig. 1 ist ein Wärmeaustauscher in seiner einfachsten Form schematisch dargestellt, wie er beispielsweise als Ladeluftkühler für aufgeladene Verbrennungsmotoren Anwendung findet. Das Kühlmittel, im vorliegenden Fall Wasser, wird der Wasserkammer 1 zugeführt, durchströmt dann unter Wärmeaufnahme die in einem Bündel gefassten Rohre 2 und verlässt den Kühler über die Wasserkammer 1'. Das zu kühlende Mittel, im vorliegenden Fall heisse, verdichtete Luft umströmt das Rohrbündel im Kreuzstrom (senkrecht zur Zeichenebene) und wird beim Durchgang durch den Kühler durch Strömungskanäle geleitet, die durch eng beieinander angeordnete Plattenrippen 3 gebildet werden. Letztere sind der besseren Uebersichtlichkeit wegen nur teilweise dargestellt und werden im folgenden nur noch mit Rippe bezeichnet.In Fig. 1, a heat exchanger in its simplest form is shown schematically, as it is used for example as a charge air cooler for supercharged internal combustion engines. The coolant, in the present case water, is supplied to the water chamber 1, then flows through the tubes 2 contained in a bundle while absorbing heat and leaves the cooler via the water chamber 1 '. The medium to be cooled, in the present case hot, compressed air, flows around the tube bundle in a cross-flow (perpendicular to the plane of the drawing) and is passed through flow channels through the cooler, which are formed by plate fins 3 arranged close together. The latter are only partially shown for the sake of clarity and are referred to below only as a rib.

Die aus weitgehend korrosionsbeständigem Werkstoff gefertigten Rohre 2 sind in den Rohrböden 4, 4' vorzugsweise eingewalzt. Die die Wasserkammern 1, l' begrenzenden Wasserdeckel 5, 5' sind der leichten Zugänglichkeit und Zerlegbarkeit des Kühlers wegen auf die Rohrböden 4, 4' aufgeschraubt.The pipes 2 made of largely corrosion-resistant material are preferably rolled into the pipe plates 4, 4 '. The water caps 5, 5 'delimiting the water chambers 1, 1' are screwed onto the tube sheets 4, 4 'because of the easy accessibility and disassembly of the cooler.

Bei der Montage wird die fertig montierte Einheit in einen Rahmen eingeschoben, von dem nur die beiden Seitenwände 6, 6' dargestellt sind. Um die dünnen Rippen 3 vor Beschädigungen bei Montage und Demontage zu schützen, sind in den Rippenpaketen Gleitbleche 7 angeordnet, die sich über die ganze Höhe der Rippen erstrecken und die die Führung der Einheit an den Seitenwänden 6, 6' übernehmen.During assembly, the fully assembled unit is pushed into a frame, of which only the two side walls 6, 6 'are shown. In order to protect the thin ribs 3 from damage during assembly and disassembly, slide plates 7 are arranged in the rib packs, which extend over the entire height of the ribs and which take over the guidance of the unit on the side walls 6, 6 '.

Aus Fig. 2 ist die reihenweise Rohranordnung im Rohrbündel erkennbar. Die Rohre der aufeinanderfolgenden Reihen sind jeweils um einen halben Rohrabstand versetzt. Bei einer derartigen Anordnung sind die Strömungstoträume stromabwärts der Rohre kleiner und somit die Wärmeübergänge grösser als bei Bündelreihen mit fluchtender Rohranordnung.From Fig. 2 the rows of tubes in the tube bundle can be seen. The tubes of the successive rows are offset by half a tube spacing. With such an arrangement, the flow dead spaces downstream of the tubes are smaller and thus the heat transfers are greater than in the case of bundle rows with an aligned tube arrangement.

Dargestellt ist ein Teil einer Rippe 3 mit dem zugehörigen strömungsbegrenzenden Seitenteil 6 des Kühlers. Die Rippe, die vorzugsweise aus Kupfer besteht, ist jeweils von allen Rohren des Bündels durchdrungen, wobei Rippe und Rohr zum erforderlichen Wärmeübergang in metallischem Kontakt sind.A part of a rib 3 is shown with the associated flow-limiting side part 6 of the cooler. The rib, which is preferably made of copper, is penetrated by all the tubes of the bundle, the rib and tube being in metallic contact for the necessary heat transfer.

Fig. 3 zeigt, wie die einzelnen Rippen 3 auf Abstand untereinander gehalten sind. Dies geschieht mittels Bördeln 8, die an den für die Rohre vorgesehenen Löchern in der Rippe durch Verformung hergestellt sind. Die Bördel 8 sind gleichzeitig für den engen Kontakt zwischen Rippe 3 und Rohr 2 besorgt. Letzteres wird dadurch erreicht, dass die in die genannten Löcher eingeführten Rohre mechanisch aufgeweitet werden, wobei es zu einer leichten Stauchung der Rippe kommt, oder dass die Rippen an die Rohre angelötet werden.Fig. 3 shows how the individual ribs 3 are held at a distance from each other. This is done by means of flanges 8, which are produced by deformation at the holes in the rib provided for the tubes. The flanges 8 are simultaneously for the close contact between the rib 3 and tube 2 concerned. The latter is achieved in that the tubes inserted into the holes mentioned are mechanically widened, resulting in a slight compression of the rib, or in that the ribs are soldered to the tubes.

Gemäss der Erfindung werden nun strömungsführende Elemente am seitlichen Rippenrand 9 sowie innerhalb der Rippen vorgesehen.According to the invention, flow-guiding elements are now provided on the lateral rib edge 9 and inside the ribs.

Aus Fig. 2 ist ersichtlich, dass ohne die getroffene Massnahme ein beträchtlicher Teil der Luft entlang der Seitenwand 6 strömen würde, ohne jemals in die Nähe der wasserführenden Rohre 2" (Beispiel: 3. Rohrreihe) zu gelangen. Dieser Luftanteil würde durch den alleinigen Wärmeübergang an den äusseren Rippenpartien ungenügend gekühlt werden. Abhilfe sorgen hier halbzylindrische Strömungsbegrenzer, die an den seitlichen Rändern 9 der Rippen 3 so angeordnet sind, dass ihr nichtzylindrischer Teil an die Seitenwand 6 des Kühlers angrenzt. Die benötigten Wandungen sind im Zuge der Rippenfertigung einfach herstellbar. An den Reihen, an denen wegen der Rohrversetzung der Abstand des nächsten Rohres 2" (Beispiel: 3. Reihe) zur Seitenwand 6 am grössten ist, wird am Rippenrand 9 eine halbkreisförmige Ausnehmung 10 angebracht, die der Einfachheit halber den gleichen Durchmesser hat wie die für die Rohre bestimmten Rippenlöcher. Vorzugsweise auf der gleichen Rippenseite, an der die bereits erwähnten Bördel 8 angeordnet sind, wird am halbkreisförmigen Umfang dieser Ausnehmung 10 ein Kragen 11 angebracht, der auch die gleiche Tiefe und die gleiche Form wie die Bördel 8 aufweist. Damit ist er mit der benachbarten Rippe auf Anschlag und bildet einen in Strömungsrichtung der Luft zunächst rippeneinwärts und dann rippenauswärts leitenden Strömungsbegrenzer. Mit dieser Massnahme werden die seitlich aussenliegenden Rohre 2' (Beispiel: 2. Reihe) strömungsmässig ähnlich beaufschlagt wie das übrige Rohrbündel.It can be seen from FIG. 2 that without the measure taken, a considerable part of the air would flow along the side wall 6 without ever getting into the vicinity of the water-carrying pipes 2 "(example: 3rd row of pipes) This is remedied by semi-cylindrical flow restrictors, which are arranged on the side edges 9 of the fins 3 so that their non-cylindrical part adjoins the side wall 6 of the cooler On the rows where the distance of the next pipe 2 "(example: 3rd row) to the side wall 6 is greatest due to the pipe offset, a semicircular recess 10 is made at the rib edge 9, which for the sake of simplicity has the same diameter as the finned holes intended for the pipes. A collar 11, which also has the same depth and the same shape as the flanges 8, is attached to the semicircular circumference of this recess 10, preferably on the same rib side on which the previously mentioned flanges 8 are arranged. It is thus in abutment with the adjacent rib and forms a flow restrictor which first leads inward and then outward in the direction of flow of the air. With this measure, the laterally outer tubes 2 ' (Example: 2nd row) the flow is similar to that of the rest of the tube bundle.

Eine Verbesserung des Wärmeübergangs im Bündelinnern wird erzielt durch die erfindungsgemässe Anordnung von Schlitzen 12. Diese werden jedoch nicht, wie bekannt zwischen zwei Rohren der gleichen Reihe ausgestanzt, sondern gemäss Fig. 2 in Strömungsrichtung der Luft unterhalb von zwei bereits umströmten Rohren 2' (Beispiel: 2. Reihe) und oberhalb des als nächstes zu umströmenden Rohres 2" (Beispiel: 3. Reihe). Dabei wird die genaue Positionierung und die Schlitzbreite so gewählt, dass nur der Luftanteil erfasst wird, in dem gesunde Strömungsverhältnisse vorherrschen, nicht jedoch die punktiert angedeuteten Zonen 13 im abströmseitigen Totraum der seitlich über dem Schlitz 12 liegenden Rohre 2' (Beispiel: 2. Reihe). Im vorliegenden Fall ist der Schlitz breiter ausgebildet als der Rohrdurchmesser; es versteht sich indes, dass diese Breite eine Funktion des Rohrdurchmessers, des Rohrabstandes in der gleichen Reihe, des Reihenabstandes sowie generell der vorliegenden Strömungsverhältnisse wie beispielsweise Luftgeschwindigkeit, Turbulenzgrad und dgl. ist.An improvement in the heat transfer in the bundle interior is achieved by the arrangement of slots 12 according to the invention. However, these are not punched out, as is known, between two tubes of the same row, but instead, according to FIG. 2, in the direction of flow of the air below two tubes 2 ′ which have already flowed around them (example : 2nd row) and above the pipe 2 "to be flowed around next (example: 3rd row). The exact positioning and the slot width are selected so that only the air content is recorded in which healthy flow conditions prevail, but not that dotted areas 13 indicated in the downstream dead space of the pipes 2 'lying laterally above the slot 12 (example: 2nd row). In the present case, the slot is made wider than the pipe diameter; the pipe spacing in the same row, the row spacing and generally the current flow conditions wi e is, for example, air speed, degree of turbulence and the like.

Die Funktion des Schlitzes 12 ist folgende: Wie bekannt, bildet sich bei grosser Rippenhöhe und geringem Rippenabstand eine starke Grenzschicht aus, die sich ungünstig auf den Wärmeübergang auswirkt. Insbesondere davon betroffen ist der Rippenfuss, d.h., die Verbindung der Rippenflanken mit dem das Rohr umgebende Bördel. Ein wirksames Mittel, um diese Grenzschicht zu stören und das für die Grenzschicht massgebende Verhältnis Rippenhöhe zu Rippenabstand zu reduzieren, ist bereits das Anbringen der Schlitze in den die Kanalwandungen bildenden Rippen zwischen zwei in Strömungsrichtung jeweils übereinander liegenden Rohren mit gemeinsamer Vertikalachse.The function of the slot 12 is as follows: as is known, with a large fin height and a small fin spacing, a strong boundary layer is formed, which has an unfavorable effect on the heat transfer. The rib base is particularly affected, i.e. the connection of the rib flanks to the flange surrounding the tube. An effective means of disrupting this boundary layer and reducing the ratio of the height of the ribs to the distance between the ribs, which is decisive for the boundary layer, is to make the slits in the ribs forming the channel walls between two pipes with a common vertical axis lying one above the other in the direction of flow.

Beim Kühlerbetrieb setzen sich indes die unvermeidbaren Schmutzpartikel an den Schlitzrändern ab, was zu einem kontinuierlichen Zuwachsen der Schlitze und folglich zu einer ebenso kontinuierlichen Reduzierung ihrer Wirksamkeit führt. Hier schafft das Abbiegen der Schlitzränder, wie es aus Figur 3 ersichtlich ist, Abhilfe. Dabei werden der untere und der obere Schlitzrand im Gegensinn so abgebogen, dass die Kanten in jeweils benachbarte Strömungskanäle hineinragen. Diese Verformungen werden strömungskonform vorgenommen, damit keine überflüssigen Strömungsabrisse auftreten. Die Wirkung dieser Massnahme ist nun darin zu sehen, dass die von oben nach unten strömende Luft umgelenkt und aus ihrem Kanal teilweise in den Nachbarkanal abgelenkt wird. Jeder Kanal wird nun jeweils von zwei aufeinandertreffenden Teilströmen beaufschlagt. Im durch den Schlitz 12 nunmehr neu geformten unteren Kanalteil oberhalb des Rohres 2 muss sich eine neue Grenzschicht aufbauen. Da hierfür wenig Rippenhöhe zur Verfügung steht, bildet sich bis zum Rippenfuss nur eine schwache Grenzschicht aus, wodurch sich dort der Wärmeübergang erheblich verbessert. Zusätzlich hat die Massnahme den Vorteil, dass der Schlitz selbst bei starken Ablagerungen am oberen und am unteren Rand nicht zuwächst; lediglich die oberen und unteren Ränder wachsen aufeinander zu, ohne dabei den wirksamen Kanalquerschnitt wesentlich zu verringern.In cooler operation, however, the unavoidable dirt particles settle on the slot edges, which leads to a continuous overgrowth of the slots and consequently to an equally continuous reduction in their effectiveness. Here, bending the slit edges, as can be seen from FIG. 3, provides a remedy. The lower and the upper edge of the slot are bent in the opposite direction so that the edges protrude into adjacent flow channels. These deformations are carried out in conformity with the flow, so that no unnecessary stalls occur. The effect of this measure can now be seen in the fact that the air flowing from top to bottom is deflected and partially deflected from its duct into the neighboring duct. Each channel is now acted upon by two partial streams that meet. A new boundary layer has to be built up in the lower channel part now formed by the slot 12 above the pipe 2. Since there is little fin height available, only a weak boundary layer forms up to the base of the fin, which significantly improves the heat transfer there. In addition, the measure has the advantage that the slot does not grow even with heavy deposits at the top and bottom; only the upper and lower edges grow towards each other without significantly reducing the effective channel cross section.

Eine besonders günstige Nebenwirkung dieser Verformungen ist aus Fig. 2 erkennbar. Die Darstellung erfolgt der besseren Uebersichtlichkeit wegen nur bei den unteren zwei Rohrreihen. Da das Abbiegen nicht unmittelbar am Schlitzrand erfolgt, sondern material- und strömungsbedingt allmählich verläuft, beginnt das Auslenken der betroffenen Rippenabschnitte zuströmseitig bereits in einer Zone 14, die sich zwischen den über dem Schlitz 12 liegenden Rohren (Beispiel: zweitunterste Reihe) befindet. Der dermassen über die Rippenebene erhabene Abschnitt hat an seinen seitlichen Rändern 15 eine kanalisierende Funktion für den Luftanteil, der unmittelbar an der Rippenwand strömt. Wie durch die Pfeile 16 angedeutet, wird dieser Luftanteil in die Strömungszone des eben umströmten Rohres (Beispiel: zweitunterste Rohrreihe) abgedrängt und bewirkt ein weitgehenderes Anliegen der Strömung an der Abströmseite dieses Rohres.A particularly favorable side effect of these deformations can be seen in FIG. 2. For the sake of clarity, the representation is only for the lower two rows of pipes. Since the turning does not take place directly at the edge of the slot, but rather gradually takes place due to the material and the flow, the deflection of the affected rib sections begins on the inflow side in a zone 14, which is located between the tubes located above the slot 12 (example: second bottom row). So great Section raised above the rib plane has a channeling function on its lateral edges 15 for the air fraction which flows directly on the rib wall. As indicated by the arrows 16, this portion of air is forced into the flow zone of the pipe just flowed around (example: second lowest pipe row) and causes the flow to be more largely present on the outflow side of this pipe.

Selbstverständlich ist die Erfindung nicht auf das Dargestellte und Beschriebene beschränkt. Ebenso könnte der Wärmestrom in umgekehrter Richtung fliessen, d.h., der Wärmeaustauscher kann als Vorwärmer für das zwischen den Rippen strömende Mittel dienen.Of course, the invention is not limited to what is shown and described. The heat flow could also flow in the reverse direction, i.e. the heat exchanger can serve as a preheater for the medium flowing between the fins.

Claims (5)

1. Wärmeaustauscher mit reihenweise angeordnetem Rohrbündel, dessen Rohre in aufeinanderfolgenden Reihen jeweils versetzt sind und eine Mehrzahl von Plattenrippen durchdringen und dabei mit den Platten in metallischer Verbindung sind, und die von einem Kühlmittel durchströmt sind und von einem zu kühlenden Mittel im Kreuzstrom umströmt sind, wobei das zu kühlende Mittel zwischen den Plattenrippen strömt, welche mit Mitteln zur Strömungsführung und/oder Grenzschichtbeeinflussung versehen sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass diese Mittel quer zur Strömungsrichtung des zu kühlenden Mittels gerichtete Schlitze (12) sind, welche in den Plattenrippen (3) jeweils stromabwärts zwischen zwei bereits umströmten Rohren (2') und stromaufwärts des versetzt angeordneten und zu umströmenden Rohres (2") angeordnet sind und wobei die Ränder der Schlitze (12) über deren ganze Breite so abgebogen sind, dass der von zwei benachbarten Plattenrippen (3) gebildete Strömungskanal oberhalb des zu umströmenden Rohres unterbrochen ist und dass das zu kühlende Mittel umgelenkt und teilweise in den benachbarten Strömungskanal abgelenkt wird.1. heat exchanger with a tube bundle arranged in rows, the tubes of which are staggered in successive rows and penetrate a plurality of plate fins and are thereby in metallic connection with the plates, and through which a coolant flows and around which a medium to be cooled flows in a cross flow, wherein the medium to be cooled flows between the plate fins which are provided with means for flow guidance and / or influencing the boundary layer, characterized in that these means are slots (12) which are directed transversely to the direction of flow of the medium to be cooled and which are in the plate fins (3) in each case are arranged downstream between two pipes (2 ') which are already flowing around and upstream of the pipe (2 ") which is staggered and are to be flowed around, and the edges of the slots (12) are bent over their entire width in such a way that that of two adjacent plate ribs (3 ) formed flow channel above the Ro to flow around is interrupted and that the medium to be cooled is deflected and partially deflected into the adjacent flow channel. 2. Wärmeaustauscher mit reihenweise angeordnetem Rohrbündel, dessen Rohre in aufeinanderfolgenden Reihen jeweils versetzt sind und eine Mehrzahl von Plattenrippen durchdringen und dabei mit den Platten in metallischer Verbindung sind, und die von einem Kühlmittel durchströmt sind und von einem zu kühlenden Mittel im Kreuzstrom umströmt sind, wobei das zu kühlende Mittel zwischen den Plattenrippen strömt, welche mit Mitteln zur Strömungsführung und/oder Grenzschichtbeeinflussung versehen sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass diese Mittel halbzylindrische Strömungsbegrenzer sind, die an den seitlichen Rändern (9) der Plattenrippen (3) so angeordnet sind, dass ihr nichtzylindrischer Teil an die Seitenwände (6, 6') des Wärmetauschers angrenzt und die mit jeweils einer benachbarten Plattenrippe (3) am Anschlag sind.2. Heat exchanger with a tube bundle arranged in rows, the tubes of which are staggered in successive rows and penetrate a plurality of plate fins and are thereby in metallic connection with the plates, and through which a coolant flows and around which a medium to be cooled flows in a cross flow, wherein the medium to be cooled flows between the plate fins, which ver with means for flow control and / or influencing the boundary layer see, characterized in that these means are semi-cylindrical flow restrictors, which are arranged on the side edges (9) of the plate ribs (3) so that their non-cylindrical part adjoins the side walls (6, 6 ') of the heat exchanger and each with an adjacent plate rib (3) are at the stop. 3. Wärmeaustauscher nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Breite des Schlitzes (12) mindestens gleich gross ist als der Durchmesser der Rohre (2).3. Heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the width of the slot (12) is at least the same size as the diameter of the tubes (2). 4. Wärmeaustauscher nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die halbzylindrischen Strömungsbegrenzer den gleichen Durchmesser aufweisen wie die Löcher der Rippenplatten, die von den Rohren (2) durchdrungen sind.4. Heat exchanger according to claim 2, characterized in that the semi-cylindrical flow restrictors have the same diameter as the holes in the fin plates, which are penetrated by the tubes (2). 5. Wärmeaustauscher nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Strömungsbegrenzer halbringförmige Kragen sind, die an jeder Plattenrippe nur auf einer Plattenseite angebracht sind.5. Heat exchanger according to claim 2, characterized in that the flow restrictors are semi-annular collars, which are attached to each plate fin only on one plate side.
EP19820201224 1981-11-10 1982-09-30 Series arranged pipe bundle heat exchanger Expired EP0079090B1 (en)

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CH7220/81 1981-11-10
CH722081 1981-11-10

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4550776A (en) * 1983-05-24 1985-11-05 Lu James W B Inclined radially louvered fin heat exchanger
FR2605726A1 (en) * 1986-10-23 1988-04-29 Chausson Usines Sa Heat exchanger of the type having tubes and fins
EP0305665A1 (en) * 1987-08-29 1989-03-08 Behr GmbH & Co. Heat exchanger with lamella fins
US5109919A (en) * 1988-06-29 1992-05-05 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Heat exchanger
NL1012029C2 (en) * 1999-05-11 2000-11-14 Bloksma B V Heat exchanger.
CN108709457A (en) * 2018-08-06 2018-10-26 常州奥特斯丹智能装备科技有限公司 Zigzag heat exchange tube sheet

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3990036T1 (en) * 1988-01-23 1990-03-15 Nichirin Rubber Ind Co OIL COOLER AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF
JP2669628B2 (en) * 1988-01-23 1997-10-29 株式会社ニチリン Oil cooler and its manufacturing method

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BE649753A (en) * 1963-06-27 1964-10-16
DE2154487A1 (en) * 1970-11-02 1972-05-04 Peerless Of America Heat exchanger and process for its manufacture
AU487906B2 (en) * 1974-04-23 1977-10-21 Linoln David Washington Heat exchanger fin
FR2417742A1 (en) * 1978-02-20 1979-09-14 Gea Luftkuehler Happel Gmbh Ribbed tube heat exchanger - has several tubes with pressed projections in ribs ensuring smooth high heat transfer flow
GB2042708A (en) * 1979-02-07 1980-09-24 Hitachi Ltd Finned-tube heat exchanger
GB1583764A (en) * 1977-09-08 1981-02-04 Ass Eng Ltd Tube and plate heat exchanger

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE649753A (en) * 1963-06-27 1964-10-16
DE2154487A1 (en) * 1970-11-02 1972-05-04 Peerless Of America Heat exchanger and process for its manufacture
AU487906B2 (en) * 1974-04-23 1977-10-21 Linoln David Washington Heat exchanger fin
GB1583764A (en) * 1977-09-08 1981-02-04 Ass Eng Ltd Tube and plate heat exchanger
FR2417742A1 (en) * 1978-02-20 1979-09-14 Gea Luftkuehler Happel Gmbh Ribbed tube heat exchanger - has several tubes with pressed projections in ribs ensuring smooth high heat transfer flow
GB2042708A (en) * 1979-02-07 1980-09-24 Hitachi Ltd Finned-tube heat exchanger

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4550776A (en) * 1983-05-24 1985-11-05 Lu James W B Inclined radially louvered fin heat exchanger
FR2605726A1 (en) * 1986-10-23 1988-04-29 Chausson Usines Sa Heat exchanger of the type having tubes and fins
EP0305665A1 (en) * 1987-08-29 1989-03-08 Behr GmbH & Co. Heat exchanger with lamella fins
US5117905A (en) * 1987-08-29 1992-06-02 Sueddeutsche Kuehlerfabrik Julius Fr. Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Heat exchanger with fins
US5109919A (en) * 1988-06-29 1992-05-05 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Heat exchanger
NL1012029C2 (en) * 1999-05-11 2000-11-14 Bloksma B V Heat exchanger.
WO2000068629A1 (en) * 1999-05-11 2000-11-16 Bloksma B.V. Heat exchanger
CN108709457A (en) * 2018-08-06 2018-10-26 常州奥特斯丹智能装备科技有限公司 Zigzag heat exchange tube sheet

Also Published As

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DE3273208D1 (en) 1986-10-16
EP0079090B1 (en) 1986-09-10

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