EP0077897B2 - Press for making dimensionally stable pressed articles from powdery material - Google Patents

Press for making dimensionally stable pressed articles from powdery material Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0077897B2
EP0077897B2 EP82107540A EP82107540A EP0077897B2 EP 0077897 B2 EP0077897 B2 EP 0077897B2 EP 82107540 A EP82107540 A EP 82107540A EP 82107540 A EP82107540 A EP 82107540A EP 0077897 B2 EP0077897 B2 EP 0077897B2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
press
die
plate
baseplate
piston
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EP82107540A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0077897B1 (en
EP0077897A2 (en
EP0077897A3 (en
Inventor
Hubert Dipl.-Ing. Schaidl
Dietmar Herren
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DORST Technologies GmbH and Co KG
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DORST Technologies GmbH and Co KG
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Application filed by DORST Technologies GmbH and Co KG filed Critical DORST Technologies GmbH and Co KG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/02—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a ram exerting pressure on the material in a moulding space

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a press with the preamble of claim 1.
  • a base plate and a die-holding plate are provided, which parts are formed from the die-holding plate and a lower coupling plate , by means of tie rods connected framework of a press part, which can be connected as an interchangeable unit through the lower coupling plate on the lower bear of the press.
  • the interchangeable unit can be connected to the upper bear of the press by means of an upper coupling plate which is displaceable relative to the die holding plate.
  • a known press of this type (DE-OS 20 41 923) has several lower punches, which are supported on corresponding piston-cylinder systems on a base plate of the frame of the press.
  • This arrangement allows the lower punches to be driven in a controlled manner and, in particular, to release the compact gradually over the raising lower punches after the die has been removed. This enables damage-free demolding of the compact.
  • base plate and the piston-cylinder systems used to move the lower punches are direct components of the press itself, with the result that when the molded parts to be manufactured are set up, the press itself has to be set up, and thus it the press has considerable downtime. This affects the production process considerably, considering the extremely high hourly output of these presses.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a press part which is dimensioned and designed so that it can be installed in an adapter via coupling plates in a press.
  • the total pressing forces are concentrated within a framework, which is essentially composed of a base plate, the die holding plate and a lower coupling plate, connected by tie rods. Because the machine parts supporting the lower rams are supported in the pressing position on fixed stops of the framework, the piston-cylinder systems used for the displacement of the machine parts can be dimensioned accordingly.
  • the press part can be connected to the lower and upper bears of a press using suitable coupling elements.
  • FIG. 4 the representation of the intermediate plate and the base plate has been rotated by 90 ° in order to make otherwise invisible parts visible.
  • the lower coupling plate 1 is coupled via a connector 2 with a T-piece 3, which is part of the machine frame.
  • the lower coupling plate 1 is firmly connected to a die holding plate 5 via the tie rods 4.
  • the connector 6 is inserted on the movable part, ie on the upper punch of the press and with the upper coupling lungsplatte 7 connected so that it is connected in this way to the upper punch of the press.
  • the upper coupling plate 7 is slidably guided in the die holding plate 5 via guide rods 8.
  • the guide rods penetrate the mounting plate 9 through openings which are kept correspondingly large.
  • the receiving plate 9 receives one or more stamps. 4 to 6, the stamp 10 is fastened to the mounting plate 9 via a bridge 11 with the aid of a retaining ring 12. 3, piston rods 13 are fastened to the mounting plate 9, the pistons 14 of which can be displaced in the hydraulic cylinder 15 in the base plate 16.
  • a further punch 22 sits on an intermediate plate 20 over a bridge 21 similar to bridge 11, which is also fastened to bridge 21 with the aid of a retaining ring 23.
  • the piston 26 is fixed in the intermediate plate 20.
  • the rotatable cap 29 thus, like the rotatable cap 19, enables the end position of the press to be changed.
  • a further piston 30 is arranged in the base plate 16 and is displaceable in a cylinder 31.
  • This piston 30 is designed as a hollow piston and has a central opening 32 through which an element to be explained later will be passed.
  • a further guide element 33 with a thread 34 sits on the base plate 16, on which a rotatable cap 35 with an internal thread is arranged, which serves for changing the press end position of the piston 30 which is displaceable in the cylinder 31.
  • the stop takes place with the aid of a receiving plate 36 which is fixedly arranged on the piston rod 37 of the piston 30.
  • an extension piece 39 is seated on the receiving plate 36, on which a further punch 41 is fixed with the aid of a retaining ring 40.
  • the stamp 41 is the innermost stamp.
  • the three-part stamp arrangement in the exemplary embodiment can be extended or reduced, while maintaining this principle, into a stamp arrangement with more or less than three stamps, or can be selected so that the gradation on the molded body 42 (FIG. 6), which is obtained from the filled-in molding compound 43 ( Fig. 4) is produced, vice versa, ie runs from the inside out. Any other structure, insofar as it can be reached with stamps, can be realized according to this principle.
  • a central pin 44 is fastened directly or with the aid of a collar 45 (FIGS. 4 to 6). Then it moves with the coupling plate 1. The center pin 44 continues upwards until it is flush with the die holding plate 5.
  • the central pin 44 can, however, also pass freely through the opening 47 in the lower coupling plate 1 and be coupled to a piston 48 which can be actuated in a hydraulic cylinder 49 which is arranged in the T-piece 3. This means that it can be moved independently of the movement of the die holding plate 5.
  • a scale 52 is provided for the piston 30 in the cylinder 31, which slides in a bore 53 in the base plate 16.
  • the scale 52 is firmly attached to the piston 30 and thus follows its movement.
  • the scale 52 allows any measurement of the path of the associated piston 30 relative to the base plate 16, so that it is possible to electronically evaluate the determined value and to supply it to a corresponding control device.
  • the scale With each path length unit, for example 1 / 100th of a millimeter, the scale triggers a pulse in the electronic control, the machine being controlled for the next locomotion after a certain pulse quantity has been reached.
  • this next movement consists in the relative movement between the base plate 16 and the intermediate plate 20 and is tracked with the aid of the measuring rod 54, which dips into the bore 55 in the intermediate plate 20.
  • the center pin 44 is coupled to the piston 48, it can also be brought into any desired position relative to the die holding plate 5 with the aid of a scale (not shown) and this at a preselected speed. It can be used to influence the powder flow regardless of temperature changes and friction conditions. This solves the problem resulting from the fact that the punches 10, 22 and 41 and the central pin 44 heat up in the course of the sequence of the pressing processes and the frictional relationships between the molded body and them change during the compression process and thus to an uncontrollable powder flow with resulting changes in density in the pressed molded body. This can now be successfully counteracted by a controlled movement of the stamp and the central pin from the filling to the pressing position.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Presse mit dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1.The invention relates to a press with the preamble of claim 1.

Bei einer bekannten Presse (Prospekt der Firma YOSHIZUKAlndustries Co. Ltd. "PowderCompacting Presses Model PCH", Druckdatum Januar 1978) zur Herstellung maßhaltiger Preßlinge aus pulverförmigen Material sind eine Grundplatte und eine Matrizenhalteplatte vorgesehen, welche Teile eines aus der Matrizenhalteplatten und einer unteren Kupplungsplatte gebildeten, mittels Zugstangen verbundenen Rahmenwerkes eines Pressenteils sind, der als austauschbare Einheit durch die untere Kupplungsplatte am Unterbären der Presse anschließbar ist. Die austauschbare Einheit ist am Oberbären der Presse durch eine obere Kupplungsplatte anschließbar, welche relativ zur Matrizenhalteplatte verschieblich ist. Mehrere plattenförmige Maschinenteile, die Unterstempel tragen und über pneumatische Zylinder-Kolbensysteme angetrieben sind, sind in diesem Rahmenwerk gefangen und werden zum Ausstoßen des Preßlings nach Abziehen der Matrize stufenweise nach unten weggefahren.In a known press (brochure of the company YOSHIZUK Industries Co. Ltd. "PowderCompacting Presses Model PCH", printed date January 1978) for the production of dimensionally stable compacts from powdery material, a base plate and a die-holding plate are provided, which parts are formed from the die-holding plate and a lower coupling plate , by means of tie rods connected framework of a press part, which can be connected as an interchangeable unit through the lower coupling plate on the lower bear of the press. The interchangeable unit can be connected to the upper bear of the press by means of an upper coupling plate which is displaceable relative to the die holding plate. Several plate-shaped machine parts, which carry lower punches and are driven by pneumatic cylinder-piston systems, are caught in this framework and are gradually moved downwards to eject the compact after removing the die.

Eine bekannte Presse dieser Bauart (DE-OS 20 41 923) weist mehrere Unterstempel auf, die überentsprechende Kolben-Zylinder-Systeme an einer Grundplatte des Rahmens der Presse gelagert sind. Diese Anordnung erlaubt es, die Unterstempel jeweils gesteuert zu fahren und insbesondere den Preßling nach dem Abziehen der Matrize stufenweise über die hochfahrenden Unterstempel freizugeben. Dadurch ist eine beschädigungsfreie Entformung des Preßlings ermöglicht. Bei der bekannten Presse sind Matrizenhalteplatte, Grundplatte und die zur Bewegung der Unterstempel herangezogenen Kolben-Zylinder-Systeme unmittelbare Bestandteile der Presse selbst, was zur Folge hat, daß bei einem Wechsel der herzustellenden Formstücke die Einrichtarbeiten an der Presse selbst vorgenommen werden müssen und es somit zu erheblichen Stellstandszeiten der Presse kommt. Dadurch wird der Produktionsprozeß erheblich beeinträchtigt, wenn man die außerordentlich hohe Stundenleistung dieser Pressen bedenkt.A known press of this type (DE-OS 20 41 923) has several lower punches, which are supported on corresponding piston-cylinder systems on a base plate of the frame of the press. This arrangement allows the lower punches to be driven in a controlled manner and, in particular, to release the compact gradually over the raising lower punches after the die has been removed. This enables damage-free demolding of the compact. In the known press die holder plate, base plate and the piston-cylinder systems used to move the lower punches are direct components of the press itself, with the result that when the molded parts to be manufactured are set up, the press itself has to be set up, and thus it the press has considerable downtime. This affects the production process considerably, considering the extremely high hourly output of these presses.

Ein weiterer Nachteil der bekannten Presse besteht darin, daß die Unterstempel in der Preßendstellung praktisch über die Kolben-Zylinder-Systeme abgestützt sind, d.h. die von den Oberstempeln eingeleiteten Preßkräfte über die Hydraulik abgefangen werden müssen. Dies hat zur Folge, daß jedes der Kolben-Zylinder-Systeme, welches einem einen Unterstempel tragenden Maschinenteil zugeordnet ist, so ausgelegt und damit dimensioniert sein muß, daß es die von oben eingeleiteten Preßkräfte aufnehmen kann. Zwangsweise führt dies dazu, daß die Hydraulik derartiger Pressen aufwendig und teuer ist und daß die für die Unterstempel zu verwendenden Zylinder samt Hydraulik einen entsprechenden Platzbedarf erfordern. Damit wird aber auch das Gestell der Presse größer, teuerer und schließlich unhandlicher.Another disadvantage of the known press is that the lower punches in the press end position are practically supported by the piston-cylinder systems, i.e. the pressing forces introduced by the upper punches must be absorbed by the hydraulics. This has the consequence that each of the piston-cylinder systems, which is assigned to a machine part carrying a lower punch, must be designed and dimensioned in such a way that it can absorb the pressing forces introduced from above. This inevitably leads to the fact that the hydraulics of such presses are complex and expensive and that the cylinders and hydraulics to be used for the lower punches require a corresponding amount of space. However, this also makes the press frame larger, more expensive and ultimately more bulky.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Pressenteil zu schaffen, welches so dimensioniert und ausgebildet ist, daß es adaptermäßig über Kupplungsplatten in eine Presse einbaubar ist.The object of the invention is to provide a press part which is dimensioned and designed so that it can be installed in an adapter via coupling plates in a press.

Diese Aufgabe wird nach der Erfindung durch die im Patentanspruch 1 enthaltenen Merkmale gelöst.This object is achieved according to the invention by the features contained in claim 1.

Nach der Erfindung sind die gesamten Preßkräfte innerhalb eines Rahmenwerkes konzentriert, welches maßgeblich aus einer Grundplatte, der Matrizenhalteplatte und einer unteren Kupplungsplatte, verbunden durch Zugstangen, aufgebaut ist. Dadurch, daß die die Unterstempel tragenden Maschinenteile in der Preßstellung auf fixen Anschlägen des Rahmenwerkes abgestützt sind, lassen sich die für die Verschiebung der Maschinenteile verwendeten Kolben-Zylinder-Systeme entsprechend dimensionieren. Das Pressenteil läßt sich über geeignete Kupplungselemente an den Unterbären und den Oberbären einer Presse anschließen.According to the invention, the total pressing forces are concentrated within a framework, which is essentially composed of a base plate, the die holding plate and a lower coupling plate, connected by tie rods. Because the machine parts supporting the lower rams are supported in the pressing position on fixed stops of the framework, the piston-cylinder systems used for the displacement of the machine parts can be dimensioned accordingly. The press part can be connected to the lower and upper bears of a press using suitable coupling elements.

Zwar ist es bekannt (US-A-2 556 951) Unterstempel in Preßstellung an einem mechanischen Anschlag anliegen zu lassen, jedoch sind auch hier die Kolben-Zylinder-Einheiten im Rahmen der Presse selbst gelagert.Although it is known (US Pat. No. 2,556,951) to let the lower punch bear against a mechanical stop in the pressed position, the piston-cylinder units are also mounted here in the press itself.

Zweckmäßige Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind durch die in den Unteransprüchen enthaltenen Merkmale gekennzeichnet. Die Zeichnungen zeigen in

  • Fig. 1 einen Vertikalschnitt durch die zwischen Ober- und Unterbären der Presse befindlichen Teile;
  • Fig. 2 einen Schnitt im wesentlichen längs der Linie 11-11 der Fig. 3;
  • Fig. 3 einen Schnitt längs der Linie 111-111 der Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 4 einen Halbschnitt im wesentlichen entsprechend demjenigen nach Fig. 3 mit eingesetzten Preßwerkzeugen zur Herstellung eines mehrstufigen Werkstückes in der Füllstellung;
  • Fig. 5 einen Halbschnitt ähnlich dem nach Fig. 4, jedoch in der Preßstellung, wobei eine Drehung um 90° gegenüber Fig. 4 vorgenommen ist, um einige Teile deutlicher zu machen; und in Fig. 6 einen den Fig. 4 und 5 entsprechenden Halbschnitt, jedoch in Abzugs- bzw. Ausstoßstellung.
Advantageous developments of the invention are characterized by the features contained in the subclaims. The drawings show in
  • Figure 1 is a vertical section through the parts located between the upper and lower bears of the press.
  • Fig. 2 is a section substantially along the line 11-11 of Fig. 3;
  • 3 shows a section along the line 111-111 of FIG. 1.
  • Fig. 4 is a half section substantially corresponding to that of Figure 3 with the press tools used to produce a multi-stage workpiece in the filling position.
  • Fig. 5 is a half section similar to that of Figure 4, but in the pressing position, wherein a rotation of 90 ° compared to Figure 4 is made to make some parts clearer. and in FIG. 6 a half section corresponding to FIGS. 4 and 5, but in the trigger or ejection position.

In Fig. 4 wurde die Darstellung der Zwischenplatte und der Grundplatte um 90° verdreht gezeichnet, um sonst unsichtbare Teile sichtbar zu machen.In Fig. 4 the representation of the intermediate plate and the base plate has been rotated by 90 ° in order to make otherwise invisible parts visible.

Nach Fig. 1 ist die untere Kupplungsplatte 1 über ein Anschlußstück 2 mit einem T-Stück 3 gekoppelt, das Teil des Maschinenrahmens ist. Über die Zugstangen 4 ist die untere Kupplungsplatte 1 mit einer Matrizenhalteplatte 5 fest verbunden. Das Anschlußstück 6 ist am beweglichen Teil, d.h. am Oberstempel der Presse einschiebbar und mit der oberen Kupplungsplatte 7 verbunden, so daß diese auf diese Weise mit dem Oberstempel der Presse verbunden ist.According to Fig. 1, the lower coupling plate 1 is coupled via a connector 2 with a T-piece 3, which is part of the machine frame. The lower coupling plate 1 is firmly connected to a die holding plate 5 via the tie rods 4. The connector 6 is inserted on the movable part, ie on the upper punch of the press and with the upper coupling lungsplatte 7 connected so that it is connected in this way to the upper punch of the press.

Die obere Kupplungsplatte 7 ist über Führungsstangen 8 in der Matrizenhalteplatte 5 verschiebbar geführt. Die Führungsstangen durchstoßen auf dem Weg von der Füllstellung (Fig. 4) in die Preßstellung (Fig. 5) die Aufnahmeplatte 9 durch entsprechend groß gehaltene Öffnungen. Die Aufnahmeplatte 9 nimmt einen oder mehrere Stempel auf. Nach den Fig. 4 bis 6 ist der Stempel 10 an der Aufnahmeplatte 9 über eine Brücke 11 mit Hilfe eines Halteringes 12 befestigt. An der Aufnahmeplatte 9 sind nach Fig. 3 Kolbenstangen 13 befestigt, deren Kolben 14 im hydraulischen Zylinder 15 in der Grundplatte 16 verschiebbar sind. Auf der Grundplatte 16 sitzen Führungshülsen 17, die an ihrem oberen Ende ein Gewinde 18 aufweisen auf das eine Kappe 19 mit Innengewinde aufgesetzt ist, deren Verstellung auf dem Gewinde 18 die Einstellung der Preßendstellung ermöglicht. Auf einer Zwischenplatte 20 sitzt über eine der Brücke 11 ähnliche Brücke 21 ein weiterer Stempel 22, der ebenfalls mit Hilfe eines Halteringes 23 auf der Brücke 21 befestigt ist. In der bezüglich der Presse festen Grundplatte 16 befinden sich, wie aus Fig. 1 ersichtlich, weitere zwei Zylinder24, in denen Kolben 25 angeordnet sind, die mit ihrer Kolbenstange 26 in einem zylindrischen Führungselement 27 geführt sind, das dem Führungszylinder 17 ähnlich ist und wie dieser ein Gewinde 28 aufweist, auf dem eine Kappe 29 mit Innengewinde angeordnet ist. Der Kolben 26 ist in der Zwischenplatte 20 fest. Die verdrehbare Kappe 29 ermöglicht somit ebenso wie die verdrehbare Kappe 19 eine Änderung der Preßendstellung.The upper coupling plate 7 is slidably guided in the die holding plate 5 via guide rods 8. On the way from the filling position (FIG. 4) to the pressing position (FIG. 5), the guide rods penetrate the mounting plate 9 through openings which are kept correspondingly large. The receiving plate 9 receives one or more stamps. 4 to 6, the stamp 10 is fastened to the mounting plate 9 via a bridge 11 with the aid of a retaining ring 12. 3, piston rods 13 are fastened to the mounting plate 9, the pistons 14 of which can be displaced in the hydraulic cylinder 15 in the base plate 16. On the base plate 16 sit guide sleeves 17, which have a thread 18 at their upper end, on which a cap 19 with an internal thread is placed, the adjustment of which on the thread 18 enables the setting of the press end position. A further punch 22 sits on an intermediate plate 20 over a bridge 21 similar to bridge 11, which is also fastened to bridge 21 with the aid of a retaining ring 23. In the base plate 16, which is fixed with respect to the press, there are, as can be seen from FIG. 1, a further two cylinders 24, in which pistons 25 are arranged, which are guided with their piston rod 26 in a cylindrical guide element 27 which is similar to the guide cylinder 17 and how this has a thread 28 on which a cap 29 with an internal thread is arranged. The piston 26 is fixed in the intermediate plate 20. The rotatable cap 29 thus, like the rotatable cap 19, enables the end position of the press to be changed.

In der Grundplatte 16 ist nach Fig. 3 ein weiterer Kolben 30 angeordnet, der in einem Zylinder 31 verschiebbar ist.According to FIG. 3, a further piston 30 is arranged in the base plate 16 and is displaceable in a cylinder 31.

Dieser Kolben 30 ist als Hohlkolben ausgebildet und weist eine mittlere Öffnung 32 auf, durch die ein später noch näher zu erläuterndes Element hindurchgeführt ist. Auf der Grundplatte 16 sitzt ein weiteres Führungselement 33 mit einem Gewinde 34, auf dem eine verdrehbare Kappe 35 mit Innengewinde angeordnet ist, die zur Preßenendstellungsveränderung des im Zylinder 31 verschiebbaren Kolbens 30 dient. Der Anschlag erfolgt mit Hilfe einer Aufnahmeplatte 36, die auf der Kolbenstange 37 des Kolbens 30 fest angeordnet ist.This piston 30 is designed as a hollow piston and has a central opening 32 through which an element to be explained later will be passed. A further guide element 33 with a thread 34 sits on the base plate 16, on which a rotatable cap 35 with an internal thread is arranged, which serves for changing the press end position of the piston 30 which is displaceable in the cylinder 31. The stop takes place with the aid of a receiving plate 36 which is fixedly arranged on the piston rod 37 of the piston 30.

Auf der Aufnahmeplatte 36 sitzt nach Fig. 4 bis 6 ein Verlängerungsstück 39, auf dem mit Hilfe eines Halteringes 40 ein weiterer Stempel 41 fixiert ist. Beim wiedergegebenen Ausführungsbeispiel ist der Stempel 41 der innerste Stempel. Selbstverständlich kann die im Ausführungsbeispiel dreiteilige Stempelanordnung unter Wahrung dieses Prinzips in eine Stempelanordnung mit mehr oder weniger als drei Stempeln erweitert oder verringert werden bzw. so gewählt werden, daß die Stufung am Formkörper 42 (Fig. 6), der aus der eingefüllten Preßmasse 43 (Fig. 4) hergestellt wird, umgekehrt, d.h. von innen nach außen verläuft. Auch jede andere Gliederung, soweit sie mit Stempeln erreichbar ist, läßt sich nach diesem Prinzip verwirklichen.4 to 6, an extension piece 39 is seated on the receiving plate 36, on which a further punch 41 is fixed with the aid of a retaining ring 40. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the stamp 41 is the innermost stamp. Of course, the three-part stamp arrangement in the exemplary embodiment can be extended or reduced, while maintaining this principle, into a stamp arrangement with more or less than three stamps, or can be selected so that the gradation on the molded body 42 (FIG. 6), which is obtained from the filled-in molding compound 43 ( Fig. 4) is produced, vice versa, ie runs from the inside out. Any other structure, insofar as it can be reached with stamps, can be realized according to this principle.

Auf der unteren Kupplungsplatte 1 ist ein Mittelstift 44 unmittelbar oder mit Hilfe eines Bundes 45 befestigt (Fig. 4 bis 6). Dann bewegt er sich mit der Kupplungsplatte 1. Der Mittelstift 44 setzt sich nach oben bis zur Bündigkeit mit der Matrizenhalteplatte 5 fort. Der Mittelstift 44 kann aber auch durch die Öffnung 47 in der unteren Kupplungsplatte 1 frei hindurchgehen und mit einem Kolben 48 gekuppelt sein, der in einem Hydraulikzylinder 49 betätigbar ist, welche in dem T-Stück 3 angeordnet ist. Damit ist er unabhängig von der Bewegung der Matrizenhalteplatte 5 bewegbar.On the lower coupling plate 1, a central pin 44 is fastened directly or with the aid of a collar 45 (FIGS. 4 to 6). Then it moves with the coupling plate 1. The center pin 44 continues upwards until it is flush with the die holding plate 5. The central pin 44 can, however, also pass freely through the opening 47 in the lower coupling plate 1 and be coupled to a piston 48 which can be actuated in a hydraulic cylinder 49 which is arranged in the T-piece 3. This means that it can be moved independently of the movement of the die holding plate 5.

Für den Kolben 30 im Zylinder 31 ist ein Maßstab 52 vorgesehen, der in einer Bohrung 53 in der Grundplatte 16 gleitet. Der Maßstab 52 ist fest an dem Kolben 30 angebracht und macht somit dessen Bewegung mit. Der Maßstab 52 erlaubt auf beliebige Weise eine Messung des Weges des zugeordneten Kolbens 30 relativ zur Grundplatte 16, so daß es möglich ist, den festgestellten Wert elektronisch auszuwerten und einer entsprechenden Steuereinrichtung zuzuführen. Mit jeder Weglängeneinheit, beispielsweise 1/100stel Millimeter veranlaßt der Maßstab einen Impuls in der Elektroniksteuerung, wobei nach Erreichen einer bestimmten Impulsmenge die Maschine auf die nächste Fortbewegung weitergesteuert wird. Diese nächste Bewegung besteht beim Ausführungsbeispiel in der Relativbewegung zwischen der Grundplatte 16 und der Zwischenplatte 20 und wird mit Hilfe des Meßstabes 54 verfolgt, der in die Bohrung 55 in der Zwischenplatte 20 taucht. Dann erfolgt die Abtastung der Relativbewegung zwischen der Grundplatte 16 und der Aufnahmeplatte 9 mit Hilfe des Maßstabes 56, der in die Bohrung 57 in der Aufnahmeplatte 9 taucht. Wenn der Mittelstift 44, wie oben angedeutet, mit dem Kolben 48 gekuppelt ist, kann er ebenfalls mit Hilfe eines nicht gezeichneten Maßstabes in eine beliebige gewünschte Position relativ zur Matrizenhalteplatte 5 gebracht werden und dies mit einer vorgewählten Geschwindigkeit. Damit kann auch mit ihm der Pulverfluß unabhängig von Temperaturänderungen und Reibungsverhältnissen beeinflußt werden. Damit wird das Problem gelöst, das sich daraus ergibt, daß sich die Stempel 10, 22 und 41 sowie der Mittelstift 44 im Zuge der Aufeinanderfolge der Preßvorgänge erwärmen und sich die Reibungsverhältnisse zwischen dem Formkörper und ihnen während des Verdichtungsvorganges ändern und damit zu einem unkontrollierbaren Pulverfluß mit daraus resultierenden Änderungen der Dichteverleihung im gepreßten Formkörperführen. Dem kann nunmehr durch eine geregelte Bewegung der Stempel und des Mittelstiftes von Füll- in die Preßstellung erfolgreich entgegengewirkt werden.A scale 52 is provided for the piston 30 in the cylinder 31, which slides in a bore 53 in the base plate 16. The scale 52 is firmly attached to the piston 30 and thus follows its movement. The scale 52 allows any measurement of the path of the associated piston 30 relative to the base plate 16, so that it is possible to electronically evaluate the determined value and to supply it to a corresponding control device. With each path length unit, for example 1 / 100th of a millimeter, the scale triggers a pulse in the electronic control, the machine being controlled for the next locomotion after a certain pulse quantity has been reached. In the exemplary embodiment, this next movement consists in the relative movement between the base plate 16 and the intermediate plate 20 and is tracked with the aid of the measuring rod 54, which dips into the bore 55 in the intermediate plate 20. Then the relative movement between the base plate 16 and the mounting plate 9 is scanned with the aid of the scale 56, which plunges into the bore 57 in the mounting plate 9. If, as indicated above, the center pin 44 is coupled to the piston 48, it can also be brought into any desired position relative to the die holding plate 5 with the aid of a scale (not shown) and this at a preselected speed. It can be used to influence the powder flow regardless of temperature changes and friction conditions. This solves the problem resulting from the fact that the punches 10, 22 and 41 and the central pin 44 heat up in the course of the sequence of the pressing processes and the frictional relationships between the molded body and them change during the compression process and thus to an uncontrollable powder flow with resulting changes in density in the pressed molded body. This can now be successfully counteracted by a controlled movement of the stamp and the central pin from the filling to the pressing position.

In den Fig. 4 bis 6 ist auch der an der oberen Kupplungsplatte 7 befestige obere Gegenstempel 58 zu erkennen, der beim Füllvorgang, dessen Ende in Fig. 4 dargestellt ist, so weit von der in der Matrizenhalteplatte 5 gelagerten Matrize 59 entfernt ist, daß die nicht dargestellte, im allgemeinen als Füllschieber ausgebildete Füllvorrichtung zwischen dem oberen Gegenstempel 58 und der Matrize ein- und ausgefahren werden kann. Der obere Gegenstempel 58 fährt beim Preßvorgang, dessen Ende in Fig. 5 dargestellt ist, teilweise in die Matrize 59 ein.4 to 6 can also be seen the upper counter-punch 58 fastened to the upper coupling plate 7, which during the filling process, the end of which is shown in FIG. 4, is so far from the die 59 stored in the die-holding plate 5 that the filling device, not shown, generally designed as a filling slide, can be moved in and out between the upper counter-punch 58 and the die. The upper counter-punch 58 partially moves into the die 59 during the pressing process, the end of which is shown in FIG. 5.

Claims (6)

1. Press for producing dimensionally accurate pressed articles composed of powdery material, with a die-holding plate (5), at least one top force (58) and a baseplate (16), on which plate-shaped machine parts (9; 11; 20, 21; 36) carrying bottom forces (10, 22, 41) are mounted via hydraulic cylinder/piston systems (13, 14, 15; 24, 25, 26; 30, 31, 37) and, to eject the pressed article after the die has been drawn off, can, after the release of the surfaces of the pressed article which are in contact with the die, be jointly raised in steps until the next contact surface in each case is released, the cylinder/piston systems (13, 14, 15; 24, 25, 26; 30, 31, 37) being mounted within the baseplate (16), and the baseplate (16) and die-holding plate (5) being parts of a framework which is formed from the die-holding plate (5) and a lower coupling plate (1) and is connected by means of tie rods (4) and which belongs to a press part which, as an exchangeable unit, is connected to the bottom ram of the press by means of the lower coupling plate (1) and to the upper ram of the press by means of an upper coupling plate (7) guided displaceably in the die-holding plate (5) via guide rods (8), and the machine parts (9; 11; 20,21; 36) being seated, in the pressing position, on stops (19, 29, 35) which are fixed relative to the framework and which are arranged on the baseplate (16) supported firmly in the press.
2. Press according to Claim 1, characterised in that the fixed stops are formed from caps (19, 29, 35) which are screwed onto the ends of guide sleeves (17, 27, 33), in which the piston rods (13, 26, 37) of the cylinder/piston systems (13, 14, 15; 24, 25 26; 30, 31, 37) are guided.
3. Press according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that each machine part (9, 20, 36) is assigned a measuring member (52, 54, 56) which is fixed to the baseplate (16) and which serves as a displacement sensor for the displacement of the machine parts (9, 20, 36) into the filling and ejection position.
4. Press according to Claim 3, characterised in that the measuring members have the form of metre rules (52, 54, 56) which engage into bores (53, 55, 57) in the baseplate (16), in an intermediate plate (20) and in a receiving plate (9) respectively.
5. Press especially according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised by a centre pin (44) which accompanies the movement of the die-holding plate (5) and of which the speed relative to the die-holding plate (5) can be freely controlled.
6. Press according to Claim 5, characterised in that the centre pin (44) is fastened to the piston (48) of a hydraulic cylinder (49) which is coupled to the lower coupling plate (1).
EP82107540A 1981-10-23 1982-08-18 Press for making dimensionally stable pressed articles from powdery material Expired - Lifetime EP0077897B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3142126 1981-10-23
DE19813142126 DE3142126A1 (en) 1981-10-23 1981-10-23 "PRESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF TAILORED PRESSINGS FROM POWDER-SHAPED MATERIAL"

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EP0077897A2 EP0077897A2 (en) 1983-05-04
EP0077897A3 EP0077897A3 (en) 1984-11-28
EP0077897B1 EP0077897B1 (en) 1987-04-15
EP0077897B2 true EP0077897B2 (en) 1993-08-25

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4482307A (en) 1984-11-13
DE3142126C2 (en) 1988-01-14
EP0077897B1 (en) 1987-04-15
EP0077897A2 (en) 1983-05-04
DE3142126A1 (en) 1983-05-11
EP0077897A3 (en) 1984-11-28

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