EP0075496B1 - Safety and arming arrangements for underwater fuzes - Google Patents

Safety and arming arrangements for underwater fuzes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0075496B1
EP0075496B1 EP19820401552 EP82401552A EP0075496B1 EP 0075496 B1 EP0075496 B1 EP 0075496B1 EP 19820401552 EP19820401552 EP 19820401552 EP 82401552 A EP82401552 A EP 82401552A EP 0075496 B1 EP0075496 B1 EP 0075496B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rotor
fact
switch component
chain
stop
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19820401552
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0075496A1 (en
Inventor
Jean Turpin
Alain Spertini
Georges Berthelier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Giat Industries SA
Original Assignee
Direction General pour lArmement DGA
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Publication date
Application filed by Direction General pour lArmement DGA filed Critical Direction General pour lArmement DGA
Publication of EP0075496A1 publication Critical patent/EP0075496A1/en
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Publication of EP0075496B1 publication Critical patent/EP0075496B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42CAMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C14/00Mechanical fuzes characterised by the ammunition class or type
    • F42C14/04Mechanical fuzes characterised by the ammunition class or type for torpedoes, marine mines or depth charges
    • F42C14/045Mechanical fuzes characterised by the ammunition class or type for torpedoes, marine mines or depth charges having electric igniters
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42CAMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C15/00Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
    • F42C15/18Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein a carrier for an element of the pyrotechnic or explosive train is moved
    • F42C15/188Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein a carrier for an element of the pyrotechnic or explosive train is moved using a rotatable carrier
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42CAMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C15/00Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
    • F42C15/44Arrangements for disarming, or for rendering harmless, fuzes after arming, e.g. after launch

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a security and arming device for priming underwater charges, in particular military charges, and more particularly such a device of the type in which a pressure-sensitive detection member is movable between a first position that 'it adopts when the device is substantially at atmospheric pressure and a second position which it adopts when the device has reached a pressure from which the priming can be carried out.
  • French patent No. 2330512 also describes a device of this type applied to a pyrotechnic shear intended to cut submerged orins. These known devices have a number of drawbacks.
  • the arming that is to say the passage from the SECURITY position to the ARMED position.
  • the arming is indeed often caused by the depression of a hydrostatic piston sensitive to the external pressure, and consequently to the depth.
  • This hydrostatic piston plays the role of both an arming detector and an arming engine, and even possibly that of a pyrotechnic chain switch. It follows that the pyrotechnic chain switch leaves the SECURE-RTE position at the first request to progressively go to the ARMED position. During the passage from one position to another, one cannot know with certainty if the pyrotechnic chain switch still plays its role, so that safety is no longer guaranteed from the start of the movement.
  • the screen can move to a third sterilization position forming a pyrotechnic chain screen.
  • the release of this sterilization position is not caused solely by outside intervention, despite any subsequent movement of the detection member. Indeed, after a return to atmospheric pressure, the movement of the screen is not irreversible since, if the piston is again subjected to immersion, the switch member resumes movement towards its ARMED position.
  • We therefore see the major drawback of this embodiment which does not allow, in the event of an accidental rise of the system after its activation, a final and irreversible sterilization, except external intervention.
  • This system may be required to operate under conditions other than those provided, therefore dangerous.
  • the present invention aims to overcome these drawbacks.
  • a security and arming device for the initiation of underwater charges, in particular military, of the type in which a detection member, sensitive to pressure, is movable between a first position that '' it adopts when the device is substantially at atmospheric pressure and a second position which it adopts when the device has reached a pressure from which the priming can be carried out
  • device comprising a pyrotechnic chain switch member which, in a first safety position, where it is locked by the detection member when the latter is not in a second position, forms a screen across the pyrotechnic chain, and, in a second arming position that it adopts when the detection member reaches its second position, releases the pyrotechnic chain
  • the pyrotechnic chain switch member is arranged to move from its second position to a third sterilization position when the detection member moves back from its second position to its first position, the pyrotechnic chain switch member again forming, in its third position, a screen across the pyrotechnic chain and unable
  • the device does not remain armed, contrary to what was the case until now. On the contrary, it is neutralized in the STERILIZATION position, from which it can only be brought back to the SAFETY position or to the ARMED position after voluntary intervention.
  • the device comprises a timepiece mechanism capable of being triggered when the pyrotechnic chain switch member moves from its first to its second position and the pyrotechnic chain switch member is designed to be move from its second position to a fourth sterilization position after a certain period of time counted down by the clock mechanism, the pyrotechnic chain switch member again forming, in its fourth position, a screen across the pyrotechnic chain and cannot be released from this fourth position without external intervention despite any subsequent movement of the detection member.
  • the fourth position of the pyrotechnic chain switch member is merged with its third position.
  • the device comprises means for making the position of the pyrotechnic chain switch member visible from the outside.
  • the pyrotechnic chain interrupting member may, for example, comprise a rotor disposed between a primer and the rest of the pyrotechnic chain, this rotor having a hole placed in front of the primer in the second position of the rotor.
  • This hole can be left empty or contain an explosive transmission relay. Priming of the charge is possible when the hole is placed between the primer and the rest of the pyrotechnic chain, therefore in the second position of the rotor, but is however not possible when the rotor shields in its others positions.
  • the detection member advantageously comprises a hydrostatic piston, movable axially as a function of the external pressure, this piston having a section of reduced diameter, and a ball prevents the rotation of the rotor by remaining locked in a notch of this rotor by a generator of the piston when the latter is not in its second position, said ball allowing the rotation of the rotor when the reduced diameter section of the piston is opposite the ball when the piston is in its second position .
  • the reduced diameter section of the piston is disposed on this piston at a height such that, when the piston is pressed under the effect of pressure, it reaches the level of the ball when the device has reached the cocking depth . At this instant, the ball consequently unlocks the rotor which passes from its SAFETY position to its ARMED position.
  • the device may, moreover, comprise means for angular locking of the rotor in its second position, these locking means comprising a stop integral with rotation of the rotor and movable axially and means cooperating with this stop, the detection member being arranged to bring the stopper to an axial position in which it is likely to come into contact with the cooperating means when it detects a pressure greater than a predetermined value and to axially move the stopper from the cooperating means when the pressure again becomes lower than this predetermined value .
  • the device After arming the device, it remains in the ARMED position as long as the pressure is greater than the arming value. If the pressure becomes lower again, that is to say in the event of a rise, the device is released and can therefore leave the ARMED position.
  • a clockwork mechanism provided with an output shaft on which is mounted a first cam capable of cooperating with a stop integral in rotation with the rotor, this first cam being arranged to lock the rotor in its second position by being in contact with the stop for a predetermined time after the triggering of the clock mechanism and to release the rotor by disappearing from the path of the stop after this predetermined time.
  • a second cam can, moreover, be mounted on the output shaft of the timepiece mechanism, this cam being capable of cooperating with a stop controlled by the rotation of the rotor to prevent movement of the timepiece mechanism when the rotor is in its first position and to allow this movement when the rotor leaves this first position.
  • the clockwork mechanism is therefore triggered at the instant when the device changes from its SAFETY position to its ARMED position and counts down from this moment the time after which the load must be considered as not having worked.
  • the device advantageously comprises elastic means for bringing the rotor into a third angular position when, while it is in its second position, the rotor stop is released.
  • the rotor then preferably comprises a lock capable of engaging under the effect of an elastic means in a hole formed in a fixed member of the device when the rotor is in its third position.
  • the device according to the invention may also comprise a window through which are visible areas of the rotor identified differently, for example by colors, depending on the position of the rotor.
  • This window can, for example, be mounted outside the hole mentioned above, the identification zone of the third position of the rotor being provided by the end of the lock.
  • the device according to the invention may also comprise, in addition, electrical safety devices comprising at least one microswitch making the circuits active in the second position of the pytotechnical chain interrupting member and inactive in its other positions.
  • the microswitches can be, for example, arranged so that their actuating members cooperate with flats formed on a cylindrical part of the rotor to open or close the microswitches according to the angular position of the rotor.
  • the device generally comprises a housing 1 inside which are mounted a support member 2 and a cylinder 3.
  • the support member 2 rotatably supports a rotor 4, the axis of rotation is perpendicular to the axis of cylinder 3 and in cylinder 3 is slidably mounted a hydrostatic piston 5.
  • the piston 5 has its head 6 subjected to external pressure through an orifice 7 in the housing.
  • a membrane 8 held by the piston head seals between the outside and the inside of the device, while allowing movement. longitudinal of the piston.
  • a pin 9 the function of which will be described below, is accessible from the outside and, in the position where it is shown in FIG. 3, it prevents movement of the piston 5.
  • a helical calibration spring 10 disposed at the bottom of the cylinder 3 tends to cause the piston 5 to come out of the cylinder until a flange 11 of the piston abuts on an annular projection 12 provided on the interior surface of the cylinder 3.
  • the body of the piston 5 also comprises a section 13 of reduced diameter at its upper part and another part 14 of smaller diameter towards its lower part.
  • the rotor 4 is essentially formed by a flywheel 15 and a shaft 16.
  • a hole 18 is drilled in the flywheel 15 parallel to the axis of the rotor 4 and in this hole 18 is placed an explosive transmission relay 19.
  • Another hole 20 is formed at the periphery of the flywheel 15 perpendicular to the axis of the rotor 4.
  • a latch 21 is placed in the hole 20, this latch being hollow in order to receive a helical spring 22 which also bears on the bottom of the hole 20 to tend to make the latch 21 come out of the hole 20.
  • the latch 21 is however held in the hole 20 by the surface of the support member 2.
  • the member 2 however has a hole 23 in which the lock 21, as will be described below.
  • the rotor 4 has, moreover, an axial bore 24.
  • a rod 25 whose outer end is rounded in the shape of a hemisphere and whose inner end is pushed back by a helical spring 26 bearing on the bottom of hole 24.
  • a finger 27 projects from the rod 25 through the shaft 16 and preferably carries at its end a ball bearing 28 for reasons which will be explained below.
  • the shaft 16 also carries a screw 29, the head of which projects so that it can serve as a stop.
  • the shaft 16 also includes flats 30, shown in FIG. 5, capable of cooperating with the actuating members 31 of microswitches 32 mounted on the device housing.
  • the microswitches 32 provide various electrical safety features by short-circuiting the ignition capacitors and also allow an electronic firing timer to be triggered. However, the electronic part of the device, which is not part of the invention, will not be described in more detail.
  • the flywheel 15 of the rotor 4 finally has on its periphery, on the one hand, a circular notch 33 and, on the other hand, a groove 34 on a quarter of its periphery.
  • the cylinder 3 has, for its part, at the notch 33 and the groove 34, a hole 35, and a ball 36 can find a place both in the hole 35 and in the notch 33 or in the hole 35 and the groove 34 while being held by a generator of the piston 5.
  • the device also includes a clock mechanism 37 of any known type, the output shaft of which supports a first cam 38 and a second cam 39.
  • the cam 39 has an inclined face 40 capable of cooperating with a lever 41 rotatably mounted on the housing 2.
  • the lever 41 can come into abutment on the head of the screw 29.
  • the cam 38 is in the form of a segment of a circle and is arranged to cooperate with the bearing 28 which can roll on its surface, as shown in FIGS. 7a to 7c.
  • the support member 2 also receives, as shown in FIG. 1, a primer holder 42 on which is mounted a primer 43 which can be ignited via the wires 44 coming from the electronic timer not shown.
  • the primer 43 is located at the same distance from the axis of the rotor 4 as the orifice 18.
  • the housing 1 On the other side of the rotor is arranged a detonation relay 45 in contact with the active charge 46.
  • the housing 1 also has an opening 47 in the extension of the hole 23 in the support member 2, and this opening 47 is closed by a window 48.
  • a pin 49 is mounted on the support member 2 at such a distance from the axis of the rotor 4 that it can serve as a stop for the head of the screw 29.
  • the device is shown in figs. 1 to 6.8a, 9a and 10a in its SAFETY position.
  • the hydrostatic piston is held in its upper position by the pin 9.
  • the flywheel 15 of the rotor 4 forms a screen between the primer 43 and the detonation relay 45, thus preventing any untimely priming of the device.
  • microswitches 32 have their actuating members 31 in the high position because they are then supported on one of the flats of the shaft 16. They then short-circuit the ignition circuits.
  • section 13 of reduced diameter of the piston 5 comes opposite the ball 36 which is no longer held in the notch 33 and therefore frees the rotor 4 in rotation.
  • the actuating members 31 of the microswitches 32 are pressed in because the shaft 16 has made a quarter turn, which has the effect of activating the firing circuit and, in particular, of starting the firing timer.
  • the transmission relay 19 is aligned with the primer 43 and the detonation relay 45 so that firing can take place.
  • the ball bearing 28 is then released from the cam 29 and the rotor 4 resumes its rotation in the direction of the arrow A in FIG. 2 under the action of the spring 17. This rotation is possible despite the rise of the piston 5, because the ball 36 is then in the groove 34.
  • the rotational movement of the rotor 4 is stopped when the head of the screw 29 abuts on pin 49 after a quarter-turn rotation, that is to say after a rotation of half a turn from the SAFETY position.
  • the electronic firing timer is for example set to ignite the system after a period of 20 min.
  • the cam 38 which is initially in the position shown in FIGS. 7a and 1 Ob, begins to rotate in the direction of the arrow F in FIG. 7a. It is, for example at the end of the time provided for ignition, in the position of FIG. 7b.
  • the cam 38 continues its rotation, as indicated by the arrow G in FIG. 7b, until it is in the position shown in FIGS. 7c and 1 Oc, for example after 40 min.
  • the rotor 4 locks in the STERILIZATION position where it forms screen between the primer 43 and the detonation relay 45, and the microswitches 32 are returned to the safety position.
  • a mark for example green, may be provided in the area 50 of the steering wheel 15, this mark being visible by the window 48 when the device is in the SAFETY position.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Unknown Time Intervals (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Predetermined Time Intervals (AREA)

Description

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de sécurité et d'armement pour l'amorçage de charges sous-marines, notamment militaires, et plus particulièrement un tel dispositif du type dans lequel un organe de détection sensible à la pression est mobile entre une première position qu'il adopte lorsque le dispositif est sensiblement à la pression atmosphérique et une seconde position qu'il adopte lorsque le dispositif a atteint une pression à partir de laquelle l'amorçage peut s'effectuer.The present invention relates to a security and arming device for priming underwater charges, in particular military charges, and more particularly such a device of the type in which a pressure-sensitive detection member is movable between a first position that 'it adopts when the device is substantially at atmospheric pressure and a second position which it adopts when the device has reached a pressure from which the priming can be carried out.

De tels dispositifs sont par exemple utilisés dans les charges de destruction ou les mines sous-marines. Le brevet français No 2330512 décrit également un dispositif de ce type appliqué à une cisaille pyrotechnique destinée à couper des orins immergés. Ces dispositifs connus présentent un certain nombre d'inconvénients.Such devices are for example used in destruction charges or underwater mines. French patent No. 2330512 also describes a device of this type applied to a pyrotechnic shear intended to cut submerged orins. These known devices have a number of drawbacks.

Tout d'abord, l'armement, c'est-à-dire le passage de la position SÉCURITÉ à la position ARMÉ, est progressif. L'armement est en effet souvent provoqué par l'énfoncement d'un piston hydrostatique sensible à la pression extérieure, et par conséquent à la profondeur. Ce piston hydrostatique joue à la fois le rôle de détecteur d'armement et de moteur d'armement et même éventuellement celui d'interrupteur de chaîne pyrotechnique. Il en résulte que l'interrupteur de chaîne pyrotechnique quitte la position SÉCU-RlTÉ dès la première sollicitation pour aller progressivement à la position ARMÉ. Pendant le passage d'une position à l'autre, on ne peut savoir avec certitude si l'interrupteur de chaîne pyrotechnique joue encore son rôle, de sorte que la sécurité n'est plus garantie dès le début du déplacement.First of all, the arming, that is to say the passage from the SECURITY position to the ARMED position, is progressive. The arming is indeed often caused by the depression of a hydrostatic piston sensitive to the external pressure, and consequently to the depth. This hydrostatic piston plays the role of both an arming detector and an arming engine, and even possibly that of a pyrotechnic chain switch. It follows that the pyrotechnic chain switch leaves the SECURE-RTE position at the first request to progressively go to the ARMED position. During the passage from one position to another, one cannot know with certainty if the pyrotechnic chain switch still plays its role, so that safety is no longer guaranteed from the start of the movement.

Par ailleurs, lorsque ces dispositifs ont été activés, c'est-à-dire lorsqu'ils sont passés en position ARMÉ, ils ne peuvent plus revenir en position de SÉCURITÉ, ce qui présente de sérieux inconvénients dans un certain nombre de cas. Ainsi, en cas de raté de fonctionnement et quelle que soit l'origine du raté, le dispositif reste armé. Il est donc dangereux, et sa neutralisation ne peut souvent se faire que par destruction.Furthermore, when these devices have been activated, that is to say when they have moved into the ARMED position, they can no longer return to the SECURITY position, which has serious drawbacks in a certain number of cases. Thus, in case of failure of operation and whatever the origin of the failure, the device remains armed. It is therefore dangerous, and its neutralization can often only be done by destruction.

Ces inconvénients sont partiellement évités dans le dispositif d'amorçage de charges sous-marines décrit dans le brevet FR-A No 2131757, et comportant un piston de détection d'armement, sensible à la pression et mobile entre deux positions (correspondant à la pression atmosphérique et à l'immersion), un organe interrupteur de chaîne pyrotechnique libéré par l'organe de détection d'une première position de sécurité, où il fait écran en travers de la chaîne pyrotechnique, à une deuxième position d'armement.These drawbacks are partially avoided in the device for initiating underwater charges described in patent FR-A No 2131757, and comprising an arming detection piston, pressure sensitive and movable between two positions (corresponding to the pressure atmospheric and immersion), a pyrotechnic chain interrupting member released by the detection member from a first safety position, where it forms a screen across the pyrotechnic chain, at a second arming position.

L'écran peut se déplacer vers une troisième position de stérilisation formant écran de chaîne pyrotechnique. Mais le dégagement de cette position de stérilisation n'est pas provoqué uniquement par une intervention extérieure, en dépit de tout mouvement ultérieur de l'organe de détection. En effet, après un retour à la pression atmosphérique, le déplacement de l'écran n'est pas irréversible puisque, si le piston est de nouveau soumis à l'immersion, l'organe interrupteur se remet en mouvement vers sa position ARMÉ. On voit donc l'inconvénient majeur de cette réalisation qui ne permet pas, en cas de remontée accidentelle du système après son activation, une stérilisation définitive et irréversible, sauf intervention extérieure.The screen can move to a third sterilization position forming a pyrotechnic chain screen. However, the release of this sterilization position is not caused solely by outside intervention, despite any subsequent movement of the detection member. Indeed, after a return to atmospheric pressure, the movement of the screen is not irreversible since, if the piston is again subjected to immersion, the switch member resumes movement towards its ARMED position. We therefore see the major drawback of this embodiment which does not allow, in the event of an accidental rise of the system after its activation, a final and irreversible sterilization, except external intervention.

Ce système peut être amené à fonctionner dans des conditions autres que celles prévues, donc dangereuses.This system may be required to operate under conditions other than those provided, therefore dangerous.

D'autre part, rien n'indique de façon sûre, sur les dispositifs connus, la position, voire même l'absence éventuelle de l'interrupteur de chaîne pyrotechnique.On the other hand, nothing indicates with certainty, on the known devices, the position, or even the possible absence of the pyrotechnic chain switch.

Cette absence d'indication est particulièrement gênante et dangereuse lors de l'assemblage du dispositif de sécurité et d'armement sur la charge, lors de manipulation de l'ensemble, de contrôle, de démontage ou de récupération.This absence of indication is particularly troublesome and dangerous when assembling the safety and arming device on the load, when handling the assembly, checking, dismantling or recovering.

La présente invention vise à pallier ces inconvénients.The present invention aims to overcome these drawbacks.

A cet effet, elle a pour objet un dispositif de sécurité et d'armement pour l'amorçage de charges sous-marines, notamment militaires, du type dans lequel un organe de détection, sensible à la pression, est mobile entre une première position qu'il adopte lorsque le dispositif est sensiblement à la pression atmosphérique et une seconde position qu'il adopte lorsque le dispositif a atteint une pression à partir de laquelle l'amorçage peut s'effectuer, dispositif comprenant un organe interrupteur de chaîne pyrotechnique qui, dans une première position de sécurité, où il est verrouillé par l'organe de détection lorsque celui-ci n'est pas dans une seconde position, forme écran en travers de la chaîne pyrotechnique, et, dans une seconde position d'armement qu'il adopte lorsque l'organe de détection atteint sa seconde position, libère la chaîne pyrotechnique, dispositif caractérisé en ce que l'organe interrupteur de chaîne pyrotechnique est agencé pour se déplacer de sa deuxième position vers une troisième position de stérilisation lorsque l'organe de détection se déplace en retour de sa deuxième position vers sa première position, l'organe interrupteur de chaîne pyrotechnique formant de nouveau, dans sa troisième position, écran en travers de la chaîne pyrotechnique et ne pouvant être libéré de cette troisième position sans intervention extérieure en dépit de tout mouvement ultérieur de l'organe de détection.To this end, it relates to a security and arming device for the initiation of underwater charges, in particular military, of the type in which a detection member, sensitive to pressure, is movable between a first position that '' it adopts when the device is substantially at atmospheric pressure and a second position which it adopts when the device has reached a pressure from which the priming can be carried out, device comprising a pyrotechnic chain switch member which, in a first safety position, where it is locked by the detection member when the latter is not in a second position, forms a screen across the pyrotechnic chain, and, in a second arming position that it adopts when the detection member reaches its second position, releases the pyrotechnic chain, device characterized in that the pyrotechnic chain switch member is arranged to move from its second position to a third sterilization position when the detection member moves back from its second position to its first position, the pyrotechnic chain switch member again forming, in its third position, a screen across the pyrotechnic chain and unable to be released from this third position without external intervention despite any subsequent movement of the detection member.

Par conséquent, en cas de remontée accidentelle du système, le dispositif ne reste pas armé, contrairement à ce qui était le cas jusqu'à présent. Au contraire, il se retrouve neutralisé en position STÉRILISATION, d'où il ne peut être ramené en position SÉCURITÉ ou en position ARMÉ qu'après une intervention volontaire.Consequently, in the event of an accidental ascent of the system, the device does not remain armed, contrary to what was the case until now. On the contrary, it is neutralized in the STERILIZATION position, from which it can only be brought back to the SAFETY position or to the ARMED position after voluntary intervention.

Il n'est donc pas nécessaire, dans ce cas, de détruire le dispositif et la charge qu'il accompagne, ce qui présente un intérêt évident du point de vue économique et permet à posteriori l'analyse de l'incident et évite les dégâts à l'environnement, et en particulier au dispositif de pose.It is therefore not necessary, in this case, to destroy the device and the load which it accompanies, which is of obvious interest from the economic point of view and allows a posteriori the analysis of the incident and avoids the damage. to the environment, and in particular to the laying device.

Dans un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention, le dispositif comprend un mécanisme horloger susceptible d'être déclenché lorsque l'organe interrupteur de chaîne pyrotechnique passe de sa première à sa deuxième position et l'organe interrupteur de chaîne pyrotechnique est agencé pour se déplacer de sa deuxième position vers une quatrième position de stérilisation après une certaine durée décomptée par le mécanisme horloger, l'organe interrupteur de chaîne pyrotechnique formant de nouveau, dans sa quatrième position, écran en travers de la chaîne pyrotechnique et ne pouvant être libéré de cette quatrième position sans intervention extérieure en dépit de tout mouvement ultérieur de l'organe de détection.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the device comprises a timepiece mechanism capable of being triggered when the pyrotechnic chain switch member moves from its first to its second position and the pyrotechnic chain switch member is designed to be move from its second position to a fourth sterilization position after a certain period of time counted down by the clock mechanism, the pyrotechnic chain switch member again forming, in its fourth position, a screen across the pyrotechnic chain and cannot be released from this fourth position without external intervention despite any subsequent movement of the detection member.

On considère par conséquent que, au bout d'un certain temps choisi après l'armement du dispositif, son non-fonctionnement résulte d'un raté. On neutralise par conséquent le dispositif et la charge, quelle que soit l'origine du raté, avec les mêmes avantages que la stérilisation en cas de remontée. Avantageusement, la quatrième position de l'organe interrupteur de chaîne pyrotechnique est confondue avec sa troisième position.It is therefore considered that, after a certain time chosen after arming the device, its non-operation results from a failure. The device and the load are therefore neutralized, whatever the origin of the misfire, with the same advantages as sterilization in the event of a rise. Advantageously, the fourth position of the pyrotechnic chain switch member is merged with its third position.

Egalement dans un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention, le dispositif comprend des moyens pour rendre visible de l'extérieur la position de l'organe interrupteur de chaîne pyrotechnique. L'organe interrupteur de chaîne pyrotechnique peut, par exemple, comporter un rotor disposé entre une amorce et la suite de la chaîne pyrotechnique, ce rotor comportant un trou venant se placer devant l'amorce dans la seconde position du rotor.Also in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the device comprises means for making the position of the pyrotechnic chain switch member visible from the outside. The pyrotechnic chain interrupting member may, for example, comprise a rotor disposed between a primer and the rest of the pyrotechnic chain, this rotor having a hole placed in front of the primer in the second position of the rotor.

Ce trou peut être laissé vide ou contenir un relais de transmission explosif. L'amorçage de la charge est possible lorsque le trou se trouve disposé entre l'amorce et la suite de la chaîne pyrotechnique, donc dans la deuxième position du rotor, mais n'est par contre pas possible lorsque le rotor fait écran dans ses autres positions.This hole can be left empty or contain an explosive transmission relay. Priming of the charge is possible when the hole is placed between the primer and the rest of the pyrotechnic chain, therefore in the second position of the rotor, but is however not possible when the rotor shields in its others positions.

De plus, l'organe de détection comporte avantageusement un piston hydrostatique, mobile axialement en fonction de la pression extérieure, ce piston comportant un tronçon de diamètre réduit, et une bille empêche la rotation du rotor en restant bloquée dans une encoche de ce rotor par une génératrice du piston lorsque celui-ci n'est pas dans sa deuxième position, ladite bille permettant la rotation du rotor quand le tronçon de diamètre réduit du piston est en vis-à-vis de la bille lorsque le piston est dans sa deuxième position.In addition, the detection member advantageously comprises a hydrostatic piston, movable axially as a function of the external pressure, this piston having a section of reduced diameter, and a ball prevents the rotation of the rotor by remaining locked in a notch of this rotor by a generator of the piston when the latter is not in its second position, said ball allowing the rotation of the rotor when the reduced diameter section of the piston is opposite the ball when the piston is in its second position .

Le tronçon de diamètre réduit du piston est disposé sur ce piston à une hauteur telle que, lors de l'enfoncement du piston sous l'effet de la pression, il arrive au niveau de la bille lorsque le dispositif a atteint la profondeur d'armement. A cet instant, la bille débloque par conséquent le rotor qui passe de sa position SÉCURITÉ à sa position ARMÉ.The reduced diameter section of the piston is disposed on this piston at a height such that, when the piston is pressed under the effect of pressure, it reaches the level of the ball when the device has reached the cocking depth . At this instant, the ball consequently unlocks the rotor which passes from its SAFETY position to its ARMED position.

Le dispositif peut, par ailleurs, comporter des moyens de blocage angulaire du rotor dans sa deuxième position, ces moyens de blocage comprenant une butée solidaire en rotation du rotor et mobile axialement et des moyens coopérant avec cette butée, l'organe de détection étant agencé pour amener la butée dans une position axiale dans laquelle elle est susceptible de venir en contact avec les moyens coopérants lorsqu'il détecte une pression supérieure à une valeur prédéterminée et pour écarter axialement la butée des moyens coopérants lorsque la pression redevient inférieure à cette valeur prédéterminée.The device may, moreover, comprise means for angular locking of the rotor in its second position, these locking means comprising a stop integral with rotation of the rotor and movable axially and means cooperating with this stop, the detection member being arranged to bring the stopper to an axial position in which it is likely to come into contact with the cooperating means when it detects a pressure greater than a predetermined value and to axially move the stopper from the cooperating means when the pressure again becomes lower than this predetermined value .

Par conséquent, après l'armement du dispositif, celui-ci reste en position ARMÉ tant que la pression est supérieure à la valeur d'armement. Si la pression redevient inférieure, c'est-à-dire en cas de remontée, le dispositif est débloqué et peut par conséquent quitter la position ARMÉ.Consequently, after arming the device, it remains in the ARMED position as long as the pressure is greater than the arming value. If the pressure becomes lower again, that is to say in the event of a rise, the device is released and can therefore leave the ARMED position.

Afin d'assurer la stérilisation du dispositif en cas de non-fonctionnement, celui-ci comporte avantageusement un mécanisme horloger muni d'un arbre de sortie sur lequel est montée une première came susceptible de coopérer avec une butée solidaire en rotation du rotor, cette première came étant agencée pour bloquer le rotor dans sa deuxième position en étant en contact avec la butée pendant un temps prédéterminé après le déclenchement du mécanisme horloger et pour libérer le rotor en s'effaçant du trajet de la butée après ce temps prédéterminé.In order to ensure sterilization of the device in the event of non-operation, it advantageously comprises a clockwork mechanism provided with an output shaft on which is mounted a first cam capable of cooperating with a stop integral in rotation with the rotor, this first cam being arranged to lock the rotor in its second position by being in contact with the stop for a predetermined time after the triggering of the clock mechanism and to release the rotor by disappearing from the path of the stop after this predetermined time.

Une deuxième came peut, de plus, être montée sur l'arbre de sortie du mécanisme horloger, cette came étant susceptible de coopérer avec une butée commandée par la rotation du rotor pour empêcher le mouvement du mécanisme horloger lorsque le rotor est dans sa première position et pour permettre ce mouvement lorsque le rotor quitte cette première position.A second cam can, moreover, be mounted on the output shaft of the timepiece mechanism, this cam being capable of cooperating with a stop controlled by the rotation of the rotor to prevent movement of the timepiece mechanism when the rotor is in its first position and to allow this movement when the rotor leaves this first position.

Le mécanisme horloger se déclenche par conséquent à l'instant où le dispositif passe de sa position SÉCURITÉ à sa position ARMÉ et décompte à partir de cet instant le temps au bout duquel la charge doit être considérée comme n'ayant pas fonctionné.The clockwork mechanism is therefore triggered at the instant when the device changes from its SAFETY position to its ARMED position and counts down from this moment the time after which the load must be considered as not having worked.

Pour assurer la stérilisation du dispositif en cas de non-fonctionnement ou en cas de remontée, le dispositif comporte avantageusement des moyens élastiques pour amener le rotor dans une troisième position angulaire lorsque, alors qu'il est dans sa deuxième position, la butée du rotor est relâchée.To ensure the sterilization of the device in the event of non-operation or in the event of a rise, the device advantageously comprises elastic means for bringing the rotor into a third angular position when, while it is in its second position, the rotor stop is released.

Le rotor comporte alors de préférence un verrou susceptible de s'engager sous l'effet d'un moyen élastique dans un trou formé dans un organe fixe du dispositif lorsque le rotor est dans sa troisième position.The rotor then preferably comprises a lock capable of engaging under the effect of an elastic means in a hole formed in a fixed member of the device when the rotor is in its third position.

Le dispositif selon l'invention peut en outre comporter un hublot par lequel sont visibles des zones du rotor identifiées différemment, par exemple par des couleurs, en fonction de la position du rotor.The device according to the invention may also comprise a window through which are visible areas of the rotor identified differently, for example by colors, depending on the position of the rotor.

. Ce hublot peut, par exemple, être monté à l'extérieur du trou mentionné ci-dessus, la zone d'identification de la troisième position du rotor étant fournie par l'extrémité du verrou.. This window can, for example, be mounted outside the hole mentioned above, the identification zone of the third position of the rotor being provided by the end of the lock.

Le dispositif selon l'invention peut également comporter, en outre, des sécurités électriques comprenant au moins un minirupteur rendant les circuits actifs dans la deuxième position de l'organe interrupteur de chaîne pytotechnique et inactifs dans ses autres positions.The device according to the invention may also comprise, in addition, electrical safety devices comprising at least one microswitch making the circuits active in the second position of the pytotechnical chain interrupting member and inactive in its other positions.

Dans ce cas, les minirupteurs peuvent être, par exemple, disposés de telle sorte que leurs organes d'actionnement coopèrent avec des méplats formés sur une partie cylindrique du rotor pour ouvrir ou fermer les minirupteurs en fonction de la position angulaire du rotor.In this case, the microswitches can be, for example, arranged so that their actuating members cooperate with flats formed on a cylindrical part of the rotor to open or close the microswitches according to the angular position of the rotor.

Un mode de réalisation particulier sera maintenant décrit à titre d'exemple non limitatif en référence aux dessins schématiques annexés dans lesquels:

  • la fig. 1 est une vue en élévation en coupe d'un dispositif de sécurité et d'armement selon l'invention,
  • la fig. 2 est une vue selon la flèche F2 de la fig. 1,
  • la fig. 3 est une vue en coupe selon la ligne III-III I de la fig. 1,
  • la fig. 4 est une vue selon la flèche F4 de la fig. 3 après que le mécanisme horloger a été enlevé,
  • la fig. 5 est une vue partielle en coupe selon la ligne V-V de la fig. 3,
  • la fig. 6 est une vue en coupe du rotor selon la ligne Vl-Vlde la fig. 3,
  • les fig. 7a, 7b et 7c sont des vues très simplifiées représentant dans différentes positions relatives la butée du rotor et la came du mouvement horloger,
  • les fig. 8a, 8b et 8c représentent partiellement le dispositif vu de l'arrière de la fig. 3 avec le rotor dans trois positions différentes,
  • les fig. 9a, 9b et 9c sont des vues en coupe selon les lignes IX-IX des fig. 8a, 8b et 8c respectivement, et
  • les fig. 1 Oa, 10b et 1 Oc sont des vues en coupe selon les lignes X-X des fig. 8a, 8b et 8c respectivement.
A particular embodiment will now be described by way of nonlimiting example with reference to the appended schematic drawings in which:
  • fig. 1 is a sectional elevation view of a security and arming device according to the invention,
  • fig. 2 is a view along arrow F2 in FIG. 1,
  • fig. 3 is a sectional view along line III-III I of FIG. 1,
  • fig. 4 is a view along arrow F4 in FIG. 3 after the clock mechanism has been removed,
  • fig. 5 is a partial sectional view along the line VV of FIG. 3,
  • fig. 6 is a sectional view of the rotor along the line Vl-Vlde in FIG. 3,
  • fig. 7a, 7b and 7c are very simplified views representing in different relative positions the stop of the rotor and the cam of the watch movement,
  • fig. 8a, 8b and 8c partially show the device seen from the rear of FIG. 3 with the rotor in three different positions,
  • fig. 9a, 9b and 9c are sectional views along lines IX-IX of FIGS. 8a, 8b and 8c respectively, and
  • fig. 1 Oa, 10b and 1 Oc are sectional views along lines XX of Figs. 8a, 8b and 8c respectively.

Comme montré aux dessins, le dispositif comprend, d'une manière générale, un boîtier 1 à l'intérieur duquel sont montés un organe de support 2 et un cylindre 3. L'organe de support 2 supporte à rotation un rotor 4 dont l'axe de rotation est perpendiculaire à l'axe du cylindre 3 et dans le cylindre 3 est monté coulissant un piston hydrostatique 5.As shown in the drawings, the device generally comprises a housing 1 inside which are mounted a support member 2 and a cylinder 3. The support member 2 rotatably supports a rotor 4, the axis of rotation is perpendicular to the axis of cylinder 3 and in cylinder 3 is slidably mounted a hydrostatic piston 5.

Le piston 5 a sa tête 6 soumise à la pression extérieure par un orifice 7 dans le boîtier. Une membrane 8 maintenue par la tête du piston assure l'étanchéité entre l'extérieur et l'intérieur du dispositif, tout en permettant les mouvements. longitudinaux du piston.The piston 5 has its head 6 subjected to external pressure through an orifice 7 in the housing. A membrane 8 held by the piston head seals between the outside and the inside of the device, while allowing movement. longitudinal of the piston.

Une goupille 9 dont la fonction sera décrite ci-après est accessible de l'extérieur et, dans la position où elle est représentée à la fig. 3, elle empêche le mouvement du piston 5.A pin 9, the function of which will be described below, is accessible from the outside and, in the position where it is shown in FIG. 3, it prevents movement of the piston 5.

Un ressort hélicoïdal 10 de tarage disposé au fond du cylindre 3 tend à faire sortir le piston 5 du cylindre jusqu'à ce qu'un rebord 11 du piston vienne en butée sur une saillie annulaire 12 prévue à la surface intérieure du cylindre 3.A helical calibration spring 10 disposed at the bottom of the cylinder 3 tends to cause the piston 5 to come out of the cylinder until a flange 11 of the piston abuts on an annular projection 12 provided on the interior surface of the cylinder 3.

Le corps du piston 5 comporte par ailleurs un tronçon 13 de diamètre réduit à sa partie supérieure et une autre partie 14 de moindre diamètre vers sa partie inférieure.The body of the piston 5 also comprises a section 13 of reduced diameter at its upper part and another part 14 of smaller diameter towards its lower part.

Le rotor 4 est formé essentiellement d'un volant 15 et d'un arbre 16.The rotor 4 is essentially formed by a flywheel 15 and a shaft 16.

A l'extrémité de l'arbre 16 opposée au volant 15 est fixée une extrémité d'un ressort spiral 17 dont l'autre extrémité est coincée dans le boîtier, comme montré à la fig. 1. Le ressort 17 est contraint de façon à tendre à faire tourner le rotor 4 dans le sens de la flèche A de la fig. 2.At the end of the shaft 16 opposite the flywheel 15 is fixed one end of a spiral spring 17, the other end of which is wedged in the housing, as shown in FIG. 1. The spring 17 is constrained so as to tend to rotate the rotor 4 in the direction of the arrow A in FIG. 2.

Un trou 18 est percé dans le volant 15 parallèlement à l'axe du rotor 4 et dans ce trou 18 est placé un relais de transmission explosif 19.A hole 18 is drilled in the flywheel 15 parallel to the axis of the rotor 4 and in this hole 18 is placed an explosive transmission relay 19.

Un autre trou 20 est ménagé à la périphérie du volant 15 perpendiculairement à l'axe du rotor 4. Un verrou 21 est placé dans le trou 20, ce verrou étant creux afin de recevoir un ressort hélicoïdal 22 qui prend par ailleurs appui sur le fond du trou 20 pour tendre à faire sortir le verrou 21 du trou 20. Le verrou 21 est toutefois maintenu dans le trou 20 par la surface de l'organe de support 2. L'organe 2 présente cependant un trou 23 dans lequel peut sortir le verrou 21, comme cela sera décrit ci-après.Another hole 20 is formed at the periphery of the flywheel 15 perpendicular to the axis of the rotor 4. A latch 21 is placed in the hole 20, this latch being hollow in order to receive a helical spring 22 which also bears on the bottom of the hole 20 to tend to make the latch 21 come out of the hole 20. The latch 21 is however held in the hole 20 by the surface of the support member 2. The member 2 however has a hole 23 in which the lock 21, as will be described below.

Le rotor 4 présente, de plus, un perçage axial 24. Dans ce perçage est placée une tige 25 dont l'extrémité extérieure est arrondie en forme de demi-sphère et dont l'extrémité intérieure est repoussée par un ressort hélicoïdal 26 prenant appui au fond du perçage 24.The rotor 4 has, moreover, an axial bore 24. In this bore is placed a rod 25 whose outer end is rounded in the shape of a hemisphere and whose inner end is pushed back by a helical spring 26 bearing on the bottom of hole 24.

Comme montré à la fig. 6, un doigt 27 fait saillie de la tige 25 à travers l'arbre 16 et porte de préférence à son extrémité un roulement à billes 28 pour des raisons qui seront expliquées ci-après.As shown in fig. 6, a finger 27 projects from the rod 25 through the shaft 16 and preferably carries at its end a ball bearing 28 for reasons which will be explained below.

L'arbre 16 porte également une vis 29 dont la tête fait saillie pour pouvoir servir de butée.The shaft 16 also carries a screw 29, the head of which projects so that it can serve as a stop.

L'arbre 16 comporte, de plus, des méplats 30, représentés à la fig. 5, susceptibles de coopérer avec les organes d'actionnement 31 de minirupteurs 32 montés sur le boîtier du dispositif.The shaft 16 also includes flats 30, shown in FIG. 5, capable of cooperating with the actuating members 31 of microswitches 32 mounted on the device housing.

Les minirupteurs 32 assurent diverses sécurités électriques en court-circuitant les condensateurs d'amorçage et permettent également de déclencher une minuterie électronique de mise à feu. Toutefois, la partie électronique du dispositif, ne faisant pas partie de l'invention, ne sera pas décrite plus en détail.The microswitches 32 provide various electrical safety features by short-circuiting the ignition capacitors and also allow an electronic firing timer to be triggered. However, the electronic part of the device, which is not part of the invention, will not be described in more detail.

Le volant 15 du rotor 4 comporte enfin à sa périphérie, d'une part, une encoche circulaire 33 et, d'autre part, une rainure 34 sur un quart de sa périphérie.The flywheel 15 of the rotor 4 finally has on its periphery, on the one hand, a circular notch 33 and, on the other hand, a groove 34 on a quarter of its periphery.

Le cylindre 3 comporte, pour sa part, au niveau de l'encoche 33 et de la rainure 34, un perçage 35, et une bille 36 peut trouver place à la fois dans le perçage 35 et dans l'encoche 33 ou dans le perçage 35 et la rainure 34 en étant maintenue par une génératrice du piston 5.The cylinder 3 has, for its part, at the notch 33 and the groove 34, a hole 35, and a ball 36 can find a place both in the hole 35 and in the notch 33 or in the hole 35 and the groove 34 while being held by a generator of the piston 5.

Le dispositif comporte également un mécanisme horloger 37 de tout type connu dont l'arbre de sortie supporte une première came 38 et une deuxième came 39.The device also includes a clock mechanism 37 of any known type, the output shaft of which supports a first cam 38 and a second cam 39.

Comme montré à la fig. 4, la came 39 possède un pan incliné 40 susceptible de coopérer avec un levier 41 monté à rotation sur le boîtier 2. Le levier 41 peut venir en butée sur la tête de la vis 29.As shown in fig. 4, the cam 39 has an inclined face 40 capable of cooperating with a lever 41 rotatably mounted on the housing 2. The lever 41 can come into abutment on the head of the screw 29.

La came 38 est en forme de segment de cercle et est agencée pour coopérer avec le roulement 28 qui peut rouler à sa surface, comme montré sur les fig. 7a à 7c.The cam 38 is in the form of a segment of a circle and is arranged to cooperate with the bearing 28 which can roll on its surface, as shown in FIGS. 7a to 7c.

L'organe de support 2 reçoit également, comme montré à la fig. 1, un porte-amorce 42 sur lequel est montée une amorce 43 qui peut être mise à feu par l'intermédiaire des fils 44 provenant de la minuterie électronique non représentée.The support member 2 also receives, as shown in FIG. 1, a primer holder 42 on which is mounted a primer 43 which can be ignited via the wires 44 coming from the electronic timer not shown.

L'amorce 43 se trouve à la même distance de l'axe du rotor 4 que l'orifice 18.The primer 43 is located at the same distance from the axis of the rotor 4 as the orifice 18.

De l'autre côté du rotor est disposé un relais de détonation 45 en contact avec la charge active 46. Le boîtier 1 possède, par ailleurs, une ouverture 47 dans le prolongement du trou 23 de l'organe de support 2, et cette ouverture 47 est fermée par un hublot 48.On the other side of the rotor is arranged a detonation relay 45 in contact with the active charge 46. The housing 1 also has an opening 47 in the extension of the hole 23 in the support member 2, and this opening 47 is closed by a window 48.

Enfin, une goupille 49 est montée sur l'organe de support 2 à une distance telle de l'axe du rotor 4 qu'elle puisse servir de butée pour la tête de la vis 29.Finally, a pin 49 is mounted on the support member 2 at such a distance from the axis of the rotor 4 that it can serve as a stop for the head of the screw 29.

Le dispositif est représenté dans les fig. 1 à 6,8a, 9a et 10a dans sa position SÉCURITÉ.The device is shown in figs. 1 to 6.8a, 9a and 10a in its SAFETY position.

Le piston hydrostatique est maintenu dans sa position haute par la goupille 9.The hydrostatic piston is held in its upper position by the pin 9.

Dans cette position, le rotor 4 est bloqué en rotation par la bille 36 qui est maintenue dans l'encoche 33 par la génératrice du piston 5. La tête de la vis 29 maintient le levier appuyé sur le pan incliné 40 de la came 39, empêchant ainsi le mouvement du mécanisme horloger 37.In this position, the rotor 4 is locked in rotation by the ball 36 which is held in the notch 33 by the generator of the piston 5. The head of the screw 29 keeps the lever pressed on the inclined face 40 of the cam 39, thus preventing the movement of the watch mechanism 37.

Comme montré à la fig. 1, le volant 15 du rotor 4 forme écran entre l'amorce 43 et le relais de détonation 45, empêchant ainsi tout amorçage intempestif du dispositif.As shown in fig. 1, the flywheel 15 of the rotor 4 forms a screen between the primer 43 and the detonation relay 45, thus preventing any untimely priming of the device.

De plus, les minirupteurs 32 ont leurs organes d'actionnement 31 en position haute du fait qu'ils sont alors en appui sur un des méplats de l'arbre 16. Ils court-circuitent alors les circuits de mise à feu.In addition, the microswitches 32 have their actuating members 31 in the high position because they are then supported on one of the flats of the shaft 16. They then short-circuit the ignition circuits.

Après la pose du dispositif, la goupille 9 est retirée de sorte que, si la pression indique que la profondeur atteinte est suffisante, le piston hydrostatique 5 s'enfonce dans le cylindre 3. La tige 25, qui se trouvait précédemment dans la zone de diamètre réduit 14 du piston 5, est alors enfoncée dans la direction de la flèche B de la fig. 8a.After fitting the device, the pin 9 is removed so that, if the pressure indicates that the depth reached is sufficient, the hydrostatic piston 5 sinks into the cylinder 3. The rod 25, which was previously in the area of reduced diameter 14 of the piston 5, is then pressed in the direction of the arrow B in FIG. 8a.

De plus, le tronçon 13 de diamètre réduit du piston 5 vient en vis-à-vis de la bille 36 qui n'est ainsi plus maintenue dans l'encoche 33 et libère par conséquent le rotor 4 en rotation.In addition, the section 13 of reduced diameter of the piston 5 comes opposite the ball 36 which is no longer held in the notch 33 and therefore frees the rotor 4 in rotation.

Entraîné par le ressort 17, celui-ci tourne par conséquent dans le sens de la flèche A de la fig. 2 jusqu'à ce que le roulement à billes 28 vienne en butée sur la came 38. De plus, du fait de la rotation du rotor 4, la tête de la vis 29 s'efface dans le sens de la flèche C de la fig. 4, permettant ainsi le dégagement du levier 41 dans le sens de la flèche D, qui libère la came 39 et permet donc au mécanisme horloger 37 de démarrer.Driven by the spring 17, the latter therefore rotates in the direction of the arrow A in FIG. 2 until the ball bearing 28 comes into abutment on the cam 38. In addition, due to the rotation of the rotor 4, the head of the screw 29 disappears in the direction of the arrow C in FIG. . 4, thus allowing the release of the lever 41 in the direction of the arrow D, which releases the cam 39 and therefore allows the clock mechanism 37 to start.

En outre, les organes d'actionnement 31 des minirupteurs 32 se trouvent enfoncés du fait que l'arbre 16 a fait un quart de tour, ce qui a pour effet d'activer le circuit de mise à feu et, en particulier, de démarrer la minuterie de mise à feu.In addition, the actuating members 31 of the microswitches 32 are pressed in because the shaft 16 has made a quarter turn, which has the effect of activating the firing circuit and, in particular, of starting the firing timer.

Dans cette position, le relais de transmission 19 est aligné avec l'amorce 43 et le relais de détonation 45 de sorte que la mise à feu peut avoir lieu.In this position, the transmission relay 19 is aligned with the primer 43 and the detonation relay 45 so that firing can take place.

On constate tout d'abord que, en cas de remontée du dispositif, le piston 5 va se déplacer dans le cylindre 3 jusqu'à revenir dans la position de la fig. 3. La partie 14 de diamètre réduit revient alors en vis-à-vis de la tige 25 qui se déplace alors sous l'effet du ressort 26 dans la direction de la flèche E de la fig. 8b.It is noted first of all that, in the event of the device being raised, the piston 5 will move in the cylinder 3 until it returns to the position of FIG. 3. The reduced diameter portion 14 then returns opposite the rod 25 which then moves under the effect of the spring 26 in the direction of the arrow E in FIG. 8b.

Le roulement à billes 28 se trouve alors dégagé de la came 29 et le rotor 4 reprend sa rotation dans le sens de la flèche A de la fig. 2 sous l'action du ressort 17. Cette rotation est possible en dépit de la remontée du piston 5, du fait que la bille 36 se trouve alors dans la rainure 34. Le mouvement de rotation du rotor 4 est arrêté lorsque la tête de la vis 29 vient en butée sur la goupille 49 après une rotation d'un quart de tour, c'est-à-dire après une rotation d'un demi-tour à partir de la position SÉCURITÉ.The ball bearing 28 is then released from the cam 29 and the rotor 4 resumes its rotation in the direction of the arrow A in FIG. 2 under the action of the spring 17. This rotation is possible despite the rise of the piston 5, because the ball 36 is then in the groove 34. The rotational movement of the rotor 4 is stopped when the head of the screw 29 abuts on pin 49 after a quarter-turn rotation, that is to say after a rotation of half a turn from the SAFETY position.

Dans cette position de STÉRILISATION, on constate tout d'abord que les minirupteurs reviennent dans la position de sécurité du fait que lès organes d'actionnement 31 se trouvent en contact avec le deuxième méplat 30 de l'arbre 16. De plus, le relais de transmission ne se trouve plus entre l'amorce 43 et le relais de détonation de sorte que toute mise à feu du dispositif est impossible. Enfin, le rotor ayant effectué un demi-tour par rapport à sa position de la fig. 3, le verrou 21 se trouve en vis-à-vis du trou 23 dans lequel il s'engage sous l'action du ressort 22. Se trouvant alors à la fois dans le trou 20 du rotor 4 et dans le trou 23 de l'organe de support 2, il empêche tout mouvement ultérieur du rotor 4 qui ne peut ainsi pas revenir en position ARMÉ sans démontage.In this STERILIZATION position, it is noted first of all that the microswitches return to the safety position because the actuating members 31 are in contact with the second flat 30 of the shaft 16. In addition, the relay transmission is no longer between the primer 43 and the detonation relay so that any firing of the device is impossible. Finally, the rotor having made a U-turn from its position in FIG. 3, the latch 21 is located opposite the hole 23 in which it engages under the action of the spring 22. Then being both in the hole 20 of the rotor 4 and in the hole 23 of the 'support member 2, it prevents any further movement of the rotor 4 which can not return to the ARMED position without disassembly.

On a déjà mentionné que, lors du passage en position ARMÉ, la minuterie électronique de mise à feu ainsi que le mécanisme horloger 37 sont déclenchés. La minuterie électronique est par exemple réglée pour mettre le système à feu après une durée de 20 min.It has already been mentioned that, when switching to the ARMED position, the electronic firing timer as well as the clock mechanism 37 are triggered. The electronic timer is for example set to ignite the system after a period of 20 min.

Pendant cette durée, la came 38, qui se trouve initialement dans la position représentée aux fig. 7a et 1 Ob, commence à tourner dans le sens de la flèche F de la fig. 7a. Elle se trouve, par exemple au bout du temps prévu pour la mise à feu, dans la position de la fig. 7b.During this time, the cam 38, which is initially in the position shown in FIGS. 7a and 1 Ob, begins to rotate in the direction of the arrow F in FIG. 7a. It is, for example at the end of the time provided for ignition, in the position of FIG. 7b.

Si, pour une raison quelconque, cette mise à feu n'a pas lieu, la came 38 poursuit sa rotation, comme indiqué par la flèche G de la fig. 7b, jusqu'à ce qu'elle se trouve dans la position représentée aux fig. 7c et 1 Oc, par exemple au bout d'une durée de 40 min.If, for any reason, this ignition does not take place, the cam 38 continues its rotation, as indicated by the arrow G in FIG. 7b, until it is in the position shown in FIGS. 7c and 1 Oc, for example after 40 min.

Dans cette position, la came s'efface de devant le roulement à billes 28 et libère ainsi le rotor 4.In this position, the cam disappears from the front of the ball bearing 28 and thus releases the rotor 4.

Entraîné par le ressort 17, celui-ci entame donc une rotation dans le sens de la flèche H de la fig. 7c et de la flèche I de la fig. 9c.Driven by the spring 17, the latter therefore begins to rotate in the direction of the arrow H in FIG. 7c and arrow I in fig. 9c.

Ce mouvement se poursuit sur un quart de tour jusqu'à la position STÉRILISATION, comme décrit ci-dessus dans le cas d'une remontée du dispositif.This movement continues for a quarter turn to the STERILIZATION position, as described above in the case of an ascent of the device.

Comme précédemment également, le rotor 4 se verrouille en position STÉRILISATION où il forme écran entre l'amorce 43 et le relais de détonation 45, et les minirupteurs 32 sont ramenés en position de sécurité.As previously also, the rotor 4 locks in the STERILIZATION position where it forms screen between the primer 43 and the detonation relay 45, and the microswitches 32 are returned to the safety position.

Afin de permettre la visualisation de l'état du dispositif, on peut prévoir un repère, par exemple vert, dans la zone 50 du volant 15, ce repère étant visible par le hublot 48 lorsque le dispositif est en position SÉCURITÉ.In order to allow viewing of the state of the device, a mark, for example green, may be provided in the area 50 of the steering wheel 15, this mark being visible by the window 48 when the device is in the SAFETY position.

Un autre repère, par exemple rouge, est prévu dans la zone 51 qui se trouve devant le hublot 48 lorsque le dispositif est en position ARMÉ. Enfin, un troisième repère, par exemple jaune, est prévu à la partie supérieure du verrou 21 pour indiquer par le hublot 48 que le dispositif est en position STÉRILISATION.Another mark, for example red, is provided in the zone 51 which is located in front of the window 48 when the device is in the ARMED position. Finally, a third mark, for example yellow, is provided at the upper part of the lock 21 to indicate through the window 48 that the device is in the STERILIZATION position.

Comme il va de soi, l'invention n'est pas limitée au mode de réalisation décrit ci-dessus; diverses variantes et modifications peuvent être apportées sans sortir pour autant de son cadre ni de son esprit.It goes without saying that the invention is not limited to the embodiment described above; various variations and modifications can be made without departing from its scope or its spirit.

Claims (16)

1. Safety and arming device for priming of undersea charges, notably military, of a type in which a pressure-sensitive detection device (5) is mobile between a first position that it takes when said device is under the effect of atmospheric pressure and a second position at which priming takes place, said device including switch component (4) for the pyrotechnical chain (42,43,45) which in a first safety position locking said detection device when not in its second position forms a screen across said pyrotechnical chain and when in a second arming position that it acquires when said detection device reaches its second position releases said pyrotechnical chain with the switch component of this chain free to move from its second position to a third, neutral position, while said detection device returns from its second position to its first position, with said pyrotechnical switch component again acting as a screen across the pyrotechnical chain in its third position, device characterized by the fact that it is arranged such that the switch component of said chain cannot be released from this third position unless done so manually, regardless of any later motion of said detection device.
2. Device according to Claim 1, further comprising a clock mechanism (37) which may be triggered when said switch component (4) of pyrotechnical chain moves from its first position to its second position, said switch component (4) of pyrotechnical chain being movable from its second position to a fourth, neutral position after a specified time delay generated by said clock mechanism, with said switch component (4) of pyrotechnical chain again acquiring its fourth, blocking position across said pyrotechnical chain and remaining in this fourth position unless released manually, said switch component holding this position regardless of detection device motion.
3. Device according to Claims 1 and 2, characterized by the fact that said fourth position of pyrotechnical chain switch component (4) is combined with its third position.
4. Device according to Claims 1 through 3, characterized by the fact that it comprises means (47, 48) which allow said pyrotechnical chain switch component position to be viewed from the exterior of said device.
5. Device according to Claims 1 through 4, characterized by the fact that said switch component of the pyrotechnical chain comprises rotor
(4) placed between primer (42) and the following portion of said pyrotechnical chain, said 'rotor comprising hole (18) which is positioned in front of said primer when said rotor is in its second position.
6. Device according to Claim 5, characterized by the fact that said detection device comprises hydrostatic piston (5) moving axially in function of external pressure, said piston comprising reduced-diameter section (13) and ball (36) preventing rotation of said rotor by remaining blocked in notch (33) of rotor by means of the piston generating line when said piston is in other than its second position, said ball enabling rotation of said rotor when reduced-diameter section of said piston is opposite said ball with said piston having reached its second position.
7. Device according to Claims 5 and 6, characterized by the fact that said device comprises blocking means (24,25) angular to said rotor in its second position, said blocking means comprising a stop integral in rotation with said rotor and axially mobile, and other means working in cooperation with said stop, and that said detection device may move to bring said stop into an axial position in which it is able to come into contact with said cooperating means when it detects pressure exceeding a threshold value, and to axially move said stop away from said cooperating means when pressure drops under said threshold value.
8. Device according to Claims 5 through 7, characterized by the fact that said device comprises clock mechanism (37) equipped with an output shaft on which is fitted first cam (38) which cooperates with stop (28) integrally with rotor rotation, and that said first cam is able to block said rotor in its second position when in contact with said stop during a preset time after triggering of said clock mechanism, and to release said rotor by moving out of the path of said stop after this preset time.
9. Device according to Claim 8, characterized by the fact that a second cam (39) is fitted on said clock mechanism output shaft, said cam being able to cooperate with a stop (41 ) controlled by rotation of said rotor to block movement of said clock mechanism when said rotor is in its first position and to enable said movement when said rotor leaves said first position.
10. Device according to Claims 7 through 9, characterized by the fact that said device comprises flexible means (7) to bring said rotor into a third, angular position when, while said rotor is in its second position, said rotor stop is released.
11. Device according to Claims 5 through 10, characterized by the fact that said rotor comprises lock (21 ) which engages under the effect of said flexible means (22) in hole (20), formed in a fixed component of said device when said rotor is in its third position.
12. Device according to Claims 5 through 11, characterized by the fact that it comprises opening (48) through which are visible the zones (50) of said rotor identified differently, by color, for example, in function of the position of said rotor.
13. Device according to Claims 11 and 12, characterized by the fact that said opening is mounted on the outside of said hole, and that said identification zone for the third position of said rotor is formed by the extremity of said lock.
14. Device according to Claims 1 through 3, characterized by the fact that it additionally comprises electrical safeties including at least one miniswitch (32) rendering active the electrical circuits in said second position of said pyrotechnical chain switch component and inactive in its other positions.
15. Device according to Claims 5 and 14, characterized by the fact that said miniswitches are arranged such that their activating components (31 ) cooperate with flats (30), formed over a cylindrical section of said rotor to open or close said miniswitches in function of said angular position of said rotor.
EP19820401552 1981-09-03 1982-08-19 Safety and arming arrangements for underwater fuzes Expired EP0075496B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8116747A FR2512195B1 (en) 1981-09-03 1981-09-03 SAFETY AND ARMING DEVICE FOR THE PRIMING OF SUBSEA LOADS
FR8116747 1981-09-03

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0075496A1 EP0075496A1 (en) 1983-03-30
EP0075496B1 true EP0075496B1 (en) 1985-05-02

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19820401552 Expired EP0075496B1 (en) 1981-09-03 1982-08-19 Safety and arming arrangements for underwater fuzes

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EP (1) EP0075496B1 (en)
DE (1) DE3263404D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2512195B1 (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2584809B1 (en) * 1985-07-12 1987-11-13 France Etat Armement HYDROSTATIC SAFETY CONTROL DEVICE
EP0227919B1 (en) * 1985-12-17 1989-05-03 Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik Oerlikon-Bührle AG Impact fuze for a projectile
FR2662242B1 (en) * 1990-05-16 1994-08-12 France Etat Armement SECURITY DEVICE FOR WEAPON SYSTEM.
US7387156B2 (en) 2005-11-14 2008-06-17 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Perforating safety system
DK3705838T3 (en) 2019-03-04 2024-05-21 Saab Dynamics Ab Security and arming device

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2912933A (en) * 1944-01-24 1959-11-17 Rabinow Jacob Safety device
US2839996A (en) * 1946-07-22 1958-06-24 Robert M Cate Demolition firing device
FR1137814A (en) * 1955-09-29 1957-06-04 Soc Tech De Rech Ind Safety device for initiating projectiles
NO133683C (en) * 1971-02-13 1976-06-09 Rheinmetall Gmbh
SE358234B (en) * 1971-03-31 1973-07-23 Bromsregulator Svenska Ab
US4015533A (en) * 1976-06-15 1977-04-05 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Dual pressure sensing safing and arming mechanism

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0075496A1 (en) 1983-03-30
DE3263404D1 (en) 1985-06-05
FR2512195B1 (en) 1985-06-14
FR2512195A1 (en) 1983-03-04

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