EP0070547B1 - Apparatus for the course crushing of household refuse - Google Patents
Apparatus for the course crushing of household refuse Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0070547B1 EP0070547B1 EP82106464A EP82106464A EP0070547B1 EP 0070547 B1 EP0070547 B1 EP 0070547B1 EP 82106464 A EP82106464 A EP 82106464A EP 82106464 A EP82106464 A EP 82106464A EP 0070547 B1 EP0070547 B1 EP 0070547B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- hammers
- refuse
- band conveyor
- plate band
- crushing roller
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/0084—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments specially adapted for disintegrating garbage, waste or sewage
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/02—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft
- B02C13/04—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft with beaters hinged to the rotor; Hammer mills
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C4/00—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills
- B02C4/10—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills with a roller co-operating with a stationary member
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for coarse comminution of household waste according to the preamble of claim 1.
- a device for coarse comminution of household waste according to the preamble of claim 1.
- Such a device is known from US-A-2 212 482.
- Another comminution device is known from US-A-2 005 758, which has a comminution roller which can be vertically resiliently mounted on a pair of pendulum links against a restoring force, i.e. it describes the possibility of allowing the roller to avoid large pieces that cannot be shredded, or of assuming a position at a fixed distance from the conveyor belt.
- a roller crusher is also known, which is intended to crush minerals such as coal, salt, potash, gypsum, iron ore obtained in mining operations. It has a chain conveyor belt and a height-adjustable shredding roller provided with rigid shredding tools, the underside of which moves in the same direction as the direction of movement of the chain conveyor belt.
- a device is unsuitable for coarse comminution of household waste, since the garbage settles between the chain links, partly falls through them, wires, rags and the like are wrapped around the rigid comminution tools, the arrangement of the tools leads to milling rather than smashing and the fixed arrangement of the shredding roller does not allow automatic evasion from components that cannot be shredded.
- DE-B 2 849 509 finally describes a device for coarse comminution of household waste, in which a fixedly arranged comminution roller with articulated hammers runs in a rubbish dump. It is loaded from above and keeps the rubbish in motion like a whisk, with a drum that can be turned in the transverse direction.
- the device has the disadvantage of crushing the garbage, for the most part, more finely than is necessary. Waste that is too finely shredded makes it difficult to separate out the various fractions after the shredding.
- the invention aims to provide a device for coarse shredding, which simply tears open containers such as garbage bags or foil bags and, in the case of brittle material such as glass, is restricted to obtaining pieces the size of a palm.
- the invention provides the features of the characterizing part of claim 1.
- a plate belt 1 extends from a storage box 3 receiving the bed of a garbage truck 2 into a chamber 4 which is closed at the top and at the side and which receives a comminution roller 5.
- the belt 1 extends up to the discharge 6 of the coarsely shredded garbage, which is open at the bottom, and is provided with rigid carrier bars 7 in a uniform division approximately corresponding to the bandwidth.
- the chamber 4 consists of a middle, higher part 4a and a front and rear lower part 4b and 4c. The transitions of these three parts are provided with loose armor chains, not shown, hanging loosely.
- the higher part 4a is the working area of the comminution roller 5. This is mounted on a pair of pendulum links 9 directed obliquely downward towards the transport path direction 8.
- the shaft 10 penetrates the two side walls of the chamber. The side walls are provided with slot slots 11, which are covered in a manner not shown by cover slides sitting on the shaft 10, that is to say keep the chamber 4 tight.
- One end of the shaft 10 is extended beyond the bearing point and receives the driven wheel 12 of an encapsulated V-belt drive 13, the drive wheel 14 of which leads to a motor via a turbo coupling 15.
- the motor is mounted on part 4b of the chamber.
- the comminution roller is provided in a number of levels with four hammers 17 articulated to it.
- the hammers are as narrow as their strength allows, i.e. almost knife-like narrow.
- the axial distance A of the hammer planes corresponds to the minimum operational distance of the movement periphery 18 from the plate conveyor plane 19. If, as mentioned at the beginning, it is assumed that bottles arriving lengthways should only be roughly shredded, this distance dimension is approximately 100 mm.
- the height of the driver 7 is 50 mm. So there remains a gap of 50 mm between the drivers 7 and the periphery 18 of the lowest position of the comminution roller shown in solid lines.
- the plate conveyor 1 transports the non-pre-sorted household waste into the chamber 4 in accordance with a layer height limiter 20.
- Garbage bags, foil bags, boxes, hobbocks, etc. are torn open so that the content is free. Glass bottles, building blocks, etc. are crushed to the size of the palm of a hand.
- the roller 5 gives way to heavy crushable larger pieces made of wood, stone or metal, and at most up to the position shown in dashed lines, which the layer height limiter 20 specifies.
- the arrow 21 denotes the essentially vertical trajectory. A shock absorber, not shown, prevents this from happening too quickly and causing vibratory movements.
- Bottles are only roughly broken up due to the distance dimension A. Phonebooks, newspaper packs, etc. are torn open.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Grobzerkleinerung von Hausmüll gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1. Eine derartige Vorrichtung ist aus der US-A-2 212 482 bekannt.The invention relates to a device for coarse comminution of household waste according to the preamble of
Eine weitere Zerkleinerungseinrichtung ist aus der US-A-2 005 758 bekannt, wobei diese eine Zerkleinerungswalze aufweist, die gegen eine Rückstellkraft vertikal nachgiebig auf einem Pendellenkerpaar gelagert sein kann, d.h. es wird dort die Möglichkeit beschrieben, der Walze ein Ausweichen vor grossen, nicht zerkleinerbaren Stücken zu ermöglichen oder auch eine Stellung im festen Abstand zum Transportband einzunehmen.Another comminution device is known from US-A-2 005 758, which has a comminution roller which can be vertically resiliently mounted on a pair of pendulum links against a restoring force, i.e. it describes the possibility of allowing the roller to avoid large pieces that cannot be shredded, or of assuming a position at a fixed distance from the conveyor belt.
Aus der DE-B 2 852 662 ist noch ein Walzenbrecher bekannt, der zur Zerkleinerung der in Bergbaubetrieben gewonnenen Minerale wie Kohle, Salz, Kali, Gips, Eisenerz dienen soll. Er weist ein Kettenförderband und eine mit starren Zerkleinerungswerkzeugen versehene, höhenverstellbare Zerkleinerungswalze auf, deren Unterseite sich gleichsinnig mit der Bewegungsrichtung des Kettenförderbandes bewegt. Eine derartige Vorrichtung ist zu Grobzerkleinerung von Hausmüll ungeeignet, da sich der Müll zwischen die Kettenglieder setzt, zum Teil durch diese fällt, Drähte, Lappen und ähnliches sich um die starren Zerkleinerungswerkzeuge wickeln, die Anordnung der Werkzeuge mehr zu einem Fräsen als zu einem Zerschlagen führt und die feste Anordnung der Zerkleinerungswalze kein selbsttätiges Ausweichen vor unzerkleinerbaren Bestandteilen gestattet.From DE-B 2 852 662 a roller crusher is also known, which is intended to crush minerals such as coal, salt, potash, gypsum, iron ore obtained in mining operations. It has a chain conveyor belt and a height-adjustable shredding roller provided with rigid shredding tools, the underside of which moves in the same direction as the direction of movement of the chain conveyor belt. Such a device is unsuitable for coarse comminution of household waste, since the garbage settles between the chain links, partly falls through them, wires, rags and the like are wrapped around the rigid comminution tools, the arrangement of the tools leads to milling rather than smashing and the fixed arrangement of the shredding roller does not allow automatic evasion from components that cannot be shredded.
In der DE-B 2 849 509 wird schliesslich eine Vorrichtung zur Grobzerkleinerung von Hausmüll beschrieben, bei der eine fest angeordnete Zerkleinerungswalze mit angelenkten Hämmern in einer Müllschüttung läuft. Sie wird von oben beaufschlagt und hält die Müllschüttung wie ein Quirl in Bewegung, wobei eine in Querrichtung drehbare Trommel vorhanden ist. Die Vorrichtung hat den Nachteil, den Müll grossenteils feiner als erforderlich zu zerkleinern. Zu fein zerkleinerter Müll erschwert die im Anschluss an die Vorzerkleinerung stattfindende Aussonderung der verschiedenen Fraktionen.DE-B 2 849 509 finally describes a device for coarse comminution of household waste, in which a fixedly arranged comminution roller with articulated hammers runs in a rubbish dump. It is loaded from above and keeps the rubbish in motion like a whisk, with a drum that can be turned in the transverse direction. The device has the disadvantage of crushing the garbage, for the most part, more finely than is necessary. Waste that is too finely shredded makes it difficult to separate out the various fractions after the shredding.
Die Erfindung bezweckt, eine Vorrichtung zur Grobzerkleinerung zu schaffen, die Gebinde wie Müllsäcke oder Folienbeutel bloss aufreisst und sich bei sprödem Material wie Glas darauf beschränkt, handtellergrosse Stücke zu erhalten. Zur Lösung der Aufgabe sieht die Erfindung die Merkmale des kennzeichnenden Teils von Anspruch 1 vor.The invention aims to provide a device for coarse shredding, which simply tears open containers such as garbage bags or foil bags and, in the case of brittle material such as glass, is restricted to obtaining pieces the size of a palm. To achieve the object, the invention provides the features of the characterizing part of
Hiernach wird vorgeschlagen, die Hämmer möglichst schmal auszubilden und ihnen einen axialen Abstand zu geben, der z.B. ankommende Flaschen nur grob zerkleinert. Der Abstand der Peripherie von der Plattenbandebene sollte entsprechend sein. Anspruch 2 definiert diesen Abstand als Massbereich.According to this, it is proposed to make the hammers as narrow as possible and to give them an axial distance which, e.g. incoming bottles only roughly crushed. The distance between the periphery and the plate level should be appropriate.
Es ist im Gegensatz zu der Zerkleinerungswalze der bekannten Vorrichtung nicht zweckmässig, eine besonders hohe Umfangsgeschwindigkeit zu wählen. Vielmehr reichen 40 bis 60 m/s aus.In contrast to the shredding roller of the known device, it is not expedient to choose a particularly high peripheral speed. Rather, 40 to 60 m / s are sufficient.
In der Zeichnung ist die Erfindung an einem Ausführungsbeispiel dargestellt. Die im weiteren erläuterte Zeichnung zeigt mit
- Fig. 1 im Aufriss, geschnitten, eine Vorrichtung zur Grobzerkleinerung von Hausmüll mit Andeutung eines entleerenden Müllwagens
- Fig. 2 die Vorrichtung nach Fig. 1 teilweise im Grundriss und teilweise im Schnitt nach Linie 11-11.
- Fig. 1 in elevation, cut, a device for coarse shredding of household waste with a hint of an emptying garbage truck
- Fig. 2 shows the device of FIG. 1 partly in plan and partly in section along line 11-11.
Ein Plattenband 1 erstreckt sich von einem die Schüttung eines Müllwagens 2 aufnehmenden Vorlagekasten 3 aus in eine oben und seitlich geschlossene Kammer 4 hinein, die eine Zerkleinerungswalze 5 aufnimmt. Das Band 1 erstreckt sich bis zu dem unten offenen Austrag 6 des grobzerkleinerten Mülls und ist in gleichmässiger, etwa der Bandbreite entsprechenden Teilung mit starren Mitnehmerleisten 7 versehen.A
Die Kammer 4 besteht aus einem mittleren, höheren Teil 4a und einem vorderen und hinteren niedrigeren Teil 4b bzw. 4c. Die Übergänge dieser drei Teile sind mit nicht gezeichneten, lose herabhängenden Panzerketten versehen. Der höhere Teil 4a ist Arbeitsbereich der Zerkleinerungswalze 5. Diese ist an einem zur Transportwegrichtung 8 hin schräg abwärts gerichteten Pendellenkerpaar 9 gelagert. Dabei durchdringt die Welle 10 die beiden Seitenwände der Kammer. Die Seitenwände sind mit Kulissenschlitzen 11 versehen, die in nicht gezeichneter Weise durch auf der Welle 10 sitzende Abdeckschieber verdeckt sind, also die Kammer 4 dicht halten. Das eine Ende der Welle 10 ist über die Lagerstelle hinaus verlängert und nimmt das Abtriebsrad 12 eines gekapselten Keilriementriebs 13 auf, dessen Antriebsrad 14 über eine Turbokupplung 15 zu einem Motor führt. Der Motor ist auf dem Teil 4b der Kammer befestigt.The
Die Zerkleinerungswalze ist in einer Anzahl Ebenen mit je vier an ihr angelenkten Hämmern 17 versehen. Die Hämmer sind so schmal wie es ihre Festigkeit zulässt, also nahezu messerartig schmal. Der axiale Abstand A der Hammerebenen entspricht dem betriebsmässigen Mindestabstand der Bewegungsperipherie 18 zur Plattenbandebene 19. Geht man, wie eingangs erwähnt, davon aus, dass längs ankommende Flaschen nur grob zerkleinert werden sollen, so ist dieses Abstandsmass etwa 100 mm. Die Höhe der Mitnehmer 7 ist dabei 50 mm. Also bleibt zwischen den Mitnehmern 7 und der Peripherie 18 der ausgezogen gezeichneten tiefsten Stellung der Zerkleinerungswalze ein Zwischenraum von 50 mm.The comminution roller is provided in a number of levels with four
Entleert der Müllwagen 2 seinen Inhalt in den Vorlagekasten 3, so transportiert das Plattenband 1 den nicht vorsortierten Hausmüll nach Massgabe eines Schichthöhenbegrenzers 20 in die Kammer 4. Dort treffen die Hämmer 17 der zur Transportwegrichtung 8 gleichsinnig laufenden Zerkleinerungswalze 5 auf den Förderstrom auf. Müllsäkke, Folienbeutel, Kartons, Hobbocks u.ä. werden so aufgerissen, dass der Inhalt frei wird. Glasflaschen, Bausteine u.ä. werden handflächengross zerkleinert. Jedoch weicht die Walze 5 bei schwer zerkleinerbaren grösseren Stücken aus Holz, Stein oder Metall aus und zwar maximal bis in die gestrichelt gezeichnete Stellung, die der Schichthöhenbegrenzer 20 vorgibt. Der Pfeil 21 bezeichnet die im wesentlichen vertikale Bewegungsbahn. Ein nicht gezeichneter Stossdämpfer verhindert, dass dies zu rasch geschieht und Schwingungsbewegungen entstehen. Durch eine vom Eigengewicht und/oder einer Feder herrührende Rückstellkraft fällt die Zerkleinerungswalze nach einer solchen «Störung» wieder herab. Flaschen werden wegen des Abstandmasses A nur grob zerschlagen. Telefonbücher, Zeitungspacken u.ä. werden aufgerissen.If the
Es hat sich gezeigt, dass die beschriebene Wirkung eine optimale Umfangsgeschwindigkeit der Hämmer 17 von 40 bis 60 m/s voraussetzt, wogegen Hammermühlen wesentlich schneller laufen.It has been shown that the described effect requires an optimal peripheral speed of the
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT82106464T ATE26658T1 (en) | 1981-07-18 | 1982-07-17 | DEVICE FOR SHREDDING HOUSEHOLD WASTE. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3128559A DE3128559C2 (en) | 1981-07-18 | 1981-07-18 | Device for the coarse shredding of household waste |
DE3128559 | 1981-07-18 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0070547A2 EP0070547A2 (en) | 1983-01-26 |
EP0070547A3 EP0070547A3 (en) | 1985-05-02 |
EP0070547B1 true EP0070547B1 (en) | 1987-04-22 |
Family
ID=6137288
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP82106464A Expired EP0070547B1 (en) | 1981-07-18 | 1982-07-17 | Apparatus for the course crushing of household refuse |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0070547B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE26658T1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE3128559C2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107252711A (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2017-10-17 | 安徽赵老五油脂有限公司 | A kind of controllable breaker of peanut granularity |
Families Citing this family (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3219289C2 (en) * | 1982-05-22 | 1986-09-18 | Fried. Krupp Gmbh, 4300 Essen | Shredding device |
US4479581A (en) * | 1982-07-29 | 1984-10-30 | Beloit Corporation | Apparatus and method for processing bagged refuse |
DE3503640A1 (en) * | 1985-02-04 | 1986-08-07 | Koch Transporttechnik GmbH, 6633 Wadgassen | Device for separating refuse into various fractions of particle size |
DE3504853C1 (en) * | 1985-02-13 | 1986-03-20 | Klöckner-Becorit GmbH, 4620 Castrop-Rauxel | Continuous crusher |
DE3708558A1 (en) * | 1987-01-26 | 1988-08-04 | Werner Buerklin | Apparatus for disintegrating refuse |
DE8718013U1 (en) * | 1987-05-07 | 1992-09-24 | Aulmann & Beckschulte Maschinenfabrik GmbH & Co KG, 5275 Bergneustadt | Single-roll crusher |
DE4326230A1 (en) * | 1993-08-05 | 1995-02-09 | Westfalia Becorit Ind Tech | Impact roller crusher, especially for mining applications |
AT210U1 (en) * | 1994-05-09 | 1995-05-26 | Wagner Gerhard Wagner Gerhard | CRUSHING DEVICE |
US5863003A (en) * | 1995-07-26 | 1999-01-26 | Smith; Leward M. | Waste processing machine |
DE19817274A1 (en) | 1998-04-18 | 1999-10-28 | Cemag Gmbh | Fine grinding process for mineral and non-mineral materials |
DE102007060600A1 (en) | 2006-12-13 | 2009-03-19 | Beiro Enterprise Kg - Innovative Umwelttechnik | Resource-containing waste material i.e. plastic-containing product, conditioning and cutting method for e.g. gasification system, involves loading bodies in area by using plate for producing coin-shaped parts that are produced from area |
DE102007029498A1 (en) | 2007-06-25 | 2009-01-02 | Beiro Enterprise Kg - Innovative Umwelttechnik | Processing plastic-containing waste from mechanical-biological plants for extracting plastic products, comprises crushing the waste in a processing module, where the coarse material is led to aeroflow sorting |
CN107282217A (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2017-10-24 | 安徽赵老五油脂有限公司 | A kind of cutting type oil plant breaker |
CN110560209B (en) * | 2019-10-14 | 2023-06-23 | 山东同泰维润食品科技股份有限公司 | Pipeline breaker is used in calcium propionate production |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2005758A (en) * | 1932-08-20 | 1935-06-25 | William Wetter J | Crusher |
DE671813C (en) * | 1938-04-01 | 1939-02-15 | Luebecker Maschb Ges | Hammer crusher, which is arranged at the end of a belt conveyor |
US2212482A (en) * | 1938-06-02 | 1940-08-20 | Louis Ruprecht | Reducing mill |
US2737997A (en) * | 1953-12-01 | 1956-03-13 | Allwood Inc | Apparatus for producing uniform mats of pourable particle material |
US3061210A (en) * | 1961-09-29 | 1962-10-30 | Columbus Mckinnon Corp | Material handling machine |
DE1592613A1 (en) * | 1966-11-15 | 1971-04-22 | Wilhelm Diefenbacher Kg | Receiving bunker for raw waste |
DE2435997C2 (en) * | 1974-07-26 | 1986-07-31 | Fried. Krupp Gmbh, 4300 Essen | Crushing device for selective crushing |
DE2849509C2 (en) * | 1978-11-15 | 1983-01-13 | Mannesmann Veba Umwelttechnik GmbH, 4690 Herne | Facility for processing rubbish |
DE2852662C2 (en) * | 1978-12-06 | 1988-09-29 | Gewerkschaft Eisenhütte Westfalia GmbH, 4670 Lünen | Continuous roll crusher |
-
1981
- 1981-07-18 DE DE3128559A patent/DE3128559C2/en not_active Expired
-
1982
- 1982-07-17 EP EP82106464A patent/EP0070547B1/en not_active Expired
- 1982-07-17 AT AT82106464T patent/ATE26658T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1982-07-17 DE DE8282106464T patent/DE3276102D1/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107252711A (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2017-10-17 | 安徽赵老五油脂有限公司 | A kind of controllable breaker of peanut granularity |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE3128559A1 (en) | 1983-01-27 |
EP0070547A3 (en) | 1985-05-02 |
DE3128559C2 (en) | 1985-05-02 |
ATE26658T1 (en) | 1987-05-15 |
DE3276102D1 (en) | 1987-05-27 |
EP0070547A2 (en) | 1983-01-26 |
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