EP0064425B1 - Schalter mit in einem Isoliergas rotierenden Lichtbogen - Google Patents

Schalter mit in einem Isoliergas rotierenden Lichtbogen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0064425B1
EP0064425B1 EP19820400548 EP82400548A EP0064425B1 EP 0064425 B1 EP0064425 B1 EP 0064425B1 EP 19820400548 EP19820400548 EP 19820400548 EP 82400548 A EP82400548 A EP 82400548A EP 0064425 B1 EP0064425 B1 EP 0064425B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
enclosure
deflector
arc
interrupter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19820400548
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0064425A3 (en
EP0064425A2 (de
Inventor
Naohiro Konma
Tsutomu Nakayama
Kanji Morishima
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Merlin Gerin SA
Original Assignee
Merlin Gerin SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Merlin Gerin SA filed Critical Merlin Gerin SA
Publication of EP0064425A2 publication Critical patent/EP0064425A2/de
Publication of EP0064425A3 publication Critical patent/EP0064425A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0064425B1 publication Critical patent/EP0064425B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/98—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being initiated by an auxiliary arc or a section of the arc, without any moving parts for producing or increasing the flow
    • H01H33/982—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being initiated by an auxiliary arc or a section of the arc, without any moving parts for producing or increasing the flow in which the pressure-generating arc is rotated by a magnetic field

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a rotary arc switch according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • European patent application No. 12.048 describes a switch of the kind mentioned having a blowing coil whose lower front face is equipped with the conductive electrode for phase shift and arc switching.
  • the extinction of the arc results solely from the action of the magnetic field of the coil causing a rapid rotation of the arc on the annular track of the electrode.
  • the breaking capacity of such a switch is limited due to the low thermal expansion of the blowing gas.
  • the object of the invention is to increase the performance of a rotary arc switch.
  • the switch according to the invention is characterized in that it further comprises a transverse partition dividing the interior of the envelope into two adjacent chambers, namely an arc extinguishing chamber in which is located the arc zone, and an expansion chamber communicating with the extinguishing chamber by said channel when the contacts are separated, and that the circulation of gas inside the extinguishing chamber is channeled by a deflector fixed in insulating material and with lateral surface of revolution around the arc zone, and by a member for distributing the gas flow ionized and deflected by the deflector, said member comprising a divisional wall arranged coaxially in the annular space between the casing and the movable contact, and separated respectively from the deflector and the transverse partition by upper and lower passages, so as to impose a loop path on the gas flow.
  • French patent No. 2,479,553 of the applicant already discloses a rotary arc switch and thermal expansion of the blowing gas, having a transverse partition dividing the envelope into a first extinguishing chamber and a second expansion chamber.
  • a tubular screen of conductive material coaxially surrounds the hollow movable contact coaxially, and has at one of its ends a radial flange extending transversely in the direction of the envelope. The opposite end of the screen is secured to the transverse bulkhead.
  • the upper face of the conductive flange is shaped as an annular track facing the coil switching electrode. Tests have shown that the performance of such a switch remains limited, and that gas eddy phenomena in the vicinity of the arc zone affect the stability of the arc and disturb the circulation of the gas due to thermal expansion.
  • the circulation of gas inside the extinguishing chamber of the switch makes it possible to increase the performance of the switch thanks to the control of the gas flow and to an efficient cooling of the gases of blowing.
  • the deflector advantageously has a concave or frustoconical shape extending radially between the envelope and the magnetic means which consists of a coil coaxially surrounding the fixed contact and the electrode.
  • the divisional wall is made of insulating or metallic material and is offset radially with respect to the arc zone by being arranged in the middle of the annular space between the envelope and the movable contact. The arrangement of the divisional wall separates the ionized gases from the arc zone and lengthens the path of the gas by promoting its cooling. When the wall is metallic, the arc remains centered between the electrode and the movable contact, and no initiation occurs on the wall offset during the axial sliding of the movable contact towards the open position.
  • the deionization of the gas inside the extinguishing chamber can be increased by the use of a special distributor member in the form of a grid or a radiator with cooling fins.
  • the wall of the distributor member can be equipped with baffles or corrugations capable of lengthening the path of the gas.
  • a multi-pole rotary circuit breaker 10 or circuit breaker with thermal expansion of the blowing gas comprises a tight casing 12 of elongated shape, filled with insulating gas with high dielectric strength, in particular sulfur hexafluoride.
  • the cylindrical casing 12 of molded insulating material is closed at its ends by a bottom 14 made of conductive material, and by an opposite bottom (not shown).
  • a transverse partition 16 subdivides the interior of the envelope 12 into two superimposed chambers, namely an upper chamber 18 for extinguishing the arc and a lower chamber 20 for expansion.
  • the conductive partition 16 crosses the casing 12 in the middle zone, and its end is shaped as a connection terminal.
  • the bottom 14 carries the opposite pole connection terminal.
  • the upper chamber 18 of the casing 12 contains a fixed contact 22 in the form of a tulip, carried by the bottom 14, and cooperating in the closed position with a movable sliding contact 24.
  • the latter is tubular and passes through the intermediate partition 16 associated with a sliding contact 26 for supplying current.
  • the two fixed contacts and mobile 22,24 are aligned in the axial direction, and the internal exhaust channel 28 of the mobile contact 24 ensures the communication of the two chambers 18, 20 in a position separated from the contacts.
  • the fixed contact 22 is rigidly secured a carcass 30 having an annular recess 32 for housing a coil 34 for magnetic blowing of the arc.
  • the coil 34 coaxially surrounds the fixed contact 22, and its lower front face is associated with an annular electrode 36 for switching on the coil 34.
  • the electrode 36 is made of a good conductive material and is traversed in radial clearance by the movable contact 24 to form a migration path of the arc root.
  • the fixed contact 22 is axially set back from the annular electrode 36, the latter being arranged to alternately switch off the coil 34 in the closed position of the contacts 22, 24, and energize the coil 34 during of the switching of the arc on the electrode 36 at the start of the separation of the contacts 22, 24.
  • the extinguishing chamber 18 also contains a concave and fixed deflector 38 made of insulating material cooperating with a distributor member 40 to channel the gas flow generated during the separation of the contacts by the thermal expansion of the insulating gas. blowing.
  • the concave deflector 38 has a surface of revolution around the longitudinal alignment axis of the contacts, and is arranged radially around the arc extension zone, extending between the part of the lower front face of the blowing coil 34 not covered by the electrode 36 and the internal wall of the casing 12.
  • the insulating material of the deflector 38 does not disturb the distribution of the magnetic flux generated by the coil 34.
  • the concave shape of the deflector 38 can be replaced by a frustoconical surface and can be extended at the level of the casing 12 by a cylindrical hollow part extending towards the intermediate partition 16.
  • the deflector 38 may advantageously include a plurality of radial fins 42 (FIG. 2), staggered at regular intervals along the convex side face.
  • the device 40 for distributing and guiding the gas flow comprises a tubular bushing or wall 44 arranged coaxially in the middle of the annular space between the casing 12 and the movable contact 24 (FIG. 1).
  • the divisional wall 44 is fixed and extends parallel to the longitudinal direction in the axial gap formed between the blowing coil 34 and the transverse partition 16.
  • An upper radial passage 46 and a lower radial passage 48 separate the sleeve 44 from the coil 34 and the partition 16 respectively.
  • the relative position of the deflector 38 and the sleeve 44 requires a predetermined circulation of the blowing gas, and the material of the sleeve 44 can be metallic or insulating.
  • the remoteness of the socket 44 relative to the arc zone avoids any ignition of the arc on the socket in the case where it is metallic.
  • one of the faces or the two opposite faces of the bushing 44 has fins or radial blades 52a or inclined blades 52b whose presence prevents the rotation of the blowing gas in the transverse direction of the chamber 18.
  • the metal bush 44 serves as a cooler and a heat exchanger for cooling the ionized gases. This results in an efficient blowing of the arc, and an increase in the breaking capacity.
  • the distributor member 40 can be produced by a wall or screen of any shape, in particular frustoconical, and equipped with baffles or - corrugations capable of lengthening the path of the ionized gas.
  • the gas is thus cooled during this loop path imposed by the concave deflector 38 and the intermediate curvedaxial sleeve 44, and this results in a circulation of non-ionized gas on the arc.
  • the cooling of the SF6 gas is increased by the use of a distributor member 40 shaped as a radiator (FIGS. 3 and 4).
  • the presence of the deflector 38 associated with the distributing member 40 ensures the control of the thermal expansion caused by the rotating arc, avoids the phenomena of gaseous eddies and reflections on the walls.
  • the arc is thus stabilized in its central position and the combined effect of magnetic blowing by rotation, and pneumatic blowing by circulation of non-ionized gas contributes to the rapid extinction of the arc.
  • the distributing member 40 made of insulating material would be integral with the movable contact 24 during a predetermined stroke.

Landscapes

  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)

Claims (7)

1. Schalter mit rotierendem Lichtbogen und thermischer Ausdehnung des Blasgases, welcher aufweist:
- eine dichte mit Isoliergas von hoher dielektrischer Festigkeit, insbesondere Schwefelhexafluorid, gefüllte Hülle (12),
- ein in achsialer Richtung der Hülle (12) gereihtes trennbares Kontaktpaar (22, 24), wobei ein Kontakt (24) hohl ist zur Bildung eines Entweichkanals (28) zwischen der Lichtbogenzone und dem Innenraum der Hülle (12),
- eine elektromagnetische Spule (34), um ein magnetisches Feld in der Lichtbogenzone zu bilden,
- und eine als ringförmige Wandelbahn des rotierenden Lichtbogens, unter der Wirkung des genannten Feldes ausgebildete stromführende Elektrode (36),

dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schalter weiter eine den Hülleninnenraum (12) in zwei angrenzende Kammern unterteilende Querwand (16) aufweist, nämlich eine die Lichtbogenzone enthaltende Lichtbogenlöschkammer (18) und eine Ausdehnkammer (20), die mit der Lichtbogenlöschkammer (18) durch den genannten Kanal (28) bei der Kontakttrennung (22, 24) in Verbindung steht, und dass die Gasbewegung im Innern der Lichtbogenlöschkammer (18) durch einen festen Leitschirm (38) aus Isolßermaterial mit einer kreisförmigen Seitenfläche um die Lichtbogenzone herum und durch ein Verteilungsorgan (40) der ionisierten durch den Leitschirm (38) abgeleiteten Gasströmung kanalisiert wird, wobei das genannte Organ (40) eine Unterteilungswand (44) aufweist, die koachsial in dem ringförmigen Raum zwischen der Hülle (12) und dem beweglichen Kontakt (24) steht und von dem Leitschirm (38) und der Querwand (16) durch obere (46) und untere (48) Durchgänge getrennt ist, um eine schleifenförmige Bewegung der Gasströmung zu erzwingen.
2. Schalter nach Anspruch 1, wobei das das Feld bildende magnetische Mittel durch die den festen Kontakt (22) und die Elektrode (36) koachsial umgebende Spule (34) gebildet wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der feststehende isolierende Leitschirm (38) sich in einer quer oder gebogenen Richtung zwischen der Spule (34) und der Hülle (12) erstreckt, und dass die Unterteilungswand (44) rohrförmig in der Mittel des Ringraumes zwischen der Hülle (12) und dem beweglichen Kontakt (24) steht.
3. Schalter nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Leitschirm (38) konkav oder kegelstumpfartig ist, und dass die Unterteilungswand (44) achsial von der Spule (34) durch denoberen radialen Durchgang (46) getrennt ist.
4. Schalter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verteilungsorgan (40) als Gasdesionisierungsgitter (50) ausgebildet ist.
5. Schalter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verteilungsorgan (40) metallisch als Radiator oder Wärmeaustauscher mit radialen (52a) oder schiefen (52b) Flügeln ausgebildet ist.
6. Schalter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verteilungsorgan (40) Schikanen und Wellen aufweist, die die Gasströmungsstrecke in der Löschkammer (18) verlängern können.
7. Schalter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verteilungsorgan (40) aus Isoliermaterial ist und während einer bestimmten Strecke mit dem beweglichen Kontakt (24) verbunden ist.
EP19820400548 1981-04-20 1982-03-26 Schalter mit in einem Isoliergas rotierenden Lichtbogen Expired EP0064425B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP57660/81 1981-04-20
JP5766081U JPS57170233U (de) 1981-04-20 1981-04-20

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0064425A2 EP0064425A2 (de) 1982-11-10
EP0064425A3 EP0064425A3 (en) 1983-08-17
EP0064425B1 true EP0064425B1 (de) 1985-12-18

Family

ID=13062048

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19820400548 Expired EP0064425B1 (de) 1981-04-20 1982-03-26 Schalter mit in einem Isoliergas rotierenden Lichtbogen

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EP (1) EP0064425B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS57170233U (de)
DE (1) DE3267975D1 (de)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2710452B1 (fr) * 1993-09-20 1995-11-24 Merlin Gerin Interrupteur haute tension à arc tournant.
FR2732157B1 (fr) * 1995-03-22 1997-05-09 Schneider Electric Sa Disjoncteur a gaz equipe d'une chambre a autoexpansion et a arc tournant
DE102017212033A1 (de) * 2017-07-13 2019-01-17 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Gleichstrom-Lichtbogenlöschvorrichtung und elektromechanisches Gleichstrom-Schaltgerät

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH641592A5 (de) * 1977-03-24 1984-02-29 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Stromunterbrecher mit lichtbogenloeschender kammer.
FR2422246A1 (fr) * 1978-04-07 1979-11-02 Merlin Gerin Dispositif de coupure pour interrupteur a autosoufflage magnetique et pneumatique de l'arc electrique
FR2441261A1 (fr) * 1978-11-10 1980-06-06 Merlin Gerin Interrupteur a arc tournant
DD140309A1 (de) * 1978-12-05 1980-02-20 Ludwig Rothardt Mittel-und hochspannungs-leistungsschalter mit differentieller rotation des schaltlichtbogens
JPS5923605B2 (ja) * 1980-03-28 1984-06-04 日新電機株式会社 ガスしや断器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS57170233U (de) 1982-10-26
DE3267975D1 (en) 1986-01-30
EP0064425A3 (en) 1983-08-17
EP0064425A2 (de) 1982-11-10

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