EP0061100B1 - Prefabricated structures, method for their manufacture and their use in the building industry - Google Patents
Prefabricated structures, method for their manufacture and their use in the building industry Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0061100B1 EP0061100B1 EP82102021A EP82102021A EP0061100B1 EP 0061100 B1 EP0061100 B1 EP 0061100B1 EP 82102021 A EP82102021 A EP 82102021A EP 82102021 A EP82102021 A EP 82102021A EP 0061100 B1 EP0061100 B1 EP 0061100B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- wires
- trellises
- prefabricated
- structures
- separating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003562 lightweight material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000746 Structural steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009429 electrical wiring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009428 plumbing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
- E04B2/842—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ by projecting or otherwise applying hardenable masses to the exterior of a form leaf
- E04B2/845—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ by projecting or otherwise applying hardenable masses to the exterior of a form leaf the form leaf comprising a wire netting, lattice or the like
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/16—Structures made from masses, e.g. of concrete, cast or similarly formed in situ with or without making use of additional elements, such as permanent forms, substructures to be coated with load-bearing material
- E04B1/161—Structures made from masses, e.g. of concrete, cast or similarly formed in situ with or without making use of additional elements, such as permanent forms, substructures to be coated with load-bearing material with vertical and horizontal slabs, both being partially cast in situ
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
- E04B2/842—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ by projecting or otherwise applying hardenable masses to the exterior of a form leaf
- E04B2/847—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ by projecting or otherwise applying hardenable masses to the exterior of a form leaf the form leaf comprising an insulating foam panel
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
- E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
- E04B2/8658—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms using wire netting, a lattice or the like as form leaves
Definitions
- This invention relates to a prefabricated structure, particularly for use in the building industry, comprising a framework of welded steel wires, supporting a panel in lightweight material.
- a prefabricated structure is known from the French patent 1 374 926 which comprises a panel of lightweight material and two trellises perpendicular to the larger surfaces of the panel, wherein each trellis includes a reference longitudinal wire parallel to said larger surfaces, separating wires welded to the reference longitudinal wire and first arrest elements for engaging the panel.
- the panel is disposed in front of a second panel to define a void used as form for a concrete casting.
- the two panels have large dimensions and are held at their given positions by two trellises located at two terminal edges of the panels. Each trellis is connected only with the two panels and is provided with a projection to be engaged with the void of an overposed structure of the same type.
- a further disadvantage of the known structure is given by the fact that the panels do not enable a sufficient adhesion to the setting of plaster on the external surfaces of the prefabricated structure.
- the technical problem of the present invention is to provide a prefabricated structure of supported or supporting type which can be implemented and put in operation easily and reliably, using unskilled personnel in the erecting yard, and which enables an easy setting of plaster in the structure.
- each trellis comprises various orders of separating wires and a first and a second external longitudinal wire welded to the various orders of separating wires to the external of the space included between the arrest elements and the reference longitudinal wires, wherein the transversal wires cause the separating wires of a same order of the various trellises to be coplanar and wherein the said panel is formed by a group of adjacent elongated sections wherein each section is inserted in the spaces defined by the first arrest elements, the reference longitudinal wires and two adjacent separating wires of said trellises.
- the prefabricated structure comprises a three-dimensional framework 9 made of metallic welded wires, and at least one panel 15, in lightweight heat-insulating material, placed parallel to the largest surfaces 6 of the structure 9a, 9b.
- the framework 9 comprises a series of trellises 8, identical to each other, essentially flat and in the form of a greatly elongated rectangle.
- the trellises 8 are placed one in front of the other, perpendicular to the two surfaces 6, and are kept firmly in their respective positions by means of a double series of transverse wires 7.
- the trellises 8 will be vertical, while the transverse wires 7 are horizontal and adjacent to the largest surfaces 6 of the structure 9a, 9b.
- Two layers of plaster 16 cover the wires 7, forming the two largest surfaces 6 of the structure 9a, 9b.
- the prefabricated structure with a single panel 15, denoted by 9a is used to form partition and floors and the prefabricated structure with two insulating panels 15, denoted by 9b (Figs. 3, and 10), is used to form supporting walls of the building under construction.
- Each trellis 8 is obtained by welding together a pair of longitudinal and parallel wires 1 (vertical when the structure is in use) with separating wires 5 in such a way as to form a small staircase with steps of a constant width and pitch. Between the longitudinal wires 1 and a short way away from them, equal to the thickness of the plaster, the trellises 8 include other longitudinal wires 3 parallel to the wires 1 and also welded to the separating wires 5. The welding is carried out electrically at certain points, resting the trellises 8 on a magnetized plate provided with gauges. The length of the wires 1, 5 and 7 is equal respectively to the height, the thickness and the width of the prefabricated structure 9a, 9b. The transverse wires 7 are welded to the longitudinal wires and produce a lightweight, stable framework in which the separating wires of a similar sequence of step prove to be in the same plane as, and perpendicular to, the planes of the wires 1 and 3.
- the diameter of the wires is 2,2 mm.
- the height of the structure lies within the range 2,60-3,50 mm and its width is 1,20 m; the thickness is approximately 0,10 m for structures 9a, 9b and approximately 0,15-0,30 m for structures 9b; the trellis 8 have an interval of approximately 0,10 m and the pitch of the transverse wires 7 is approximately 0,07 m; the pitch of the separating wires 5 is approximately 0,15 m and the distance between the wires 1 and the wires 3 is approximately 0,04 m. It is obvious that these values are purely illustrative and may vary according to the particular requirements of the construction.
- the panels 15 can be made of various cellular material such as polyurethane foam, polystyrene and PVC of medium density, or of fibrous materials such as fiberglass; or of lamellate materials,or of a mixture of materials. In short, in specific case the material may even be non- insulating or non-metallic.
- the panels 15 are subdivided into parallelepiped lumps 2 of a definite thickness and height, respectively 0,04 and 0,15 m in the given example.
- the parallelepiped space in rectangular section defined by the two pairs of wires 5 and 3 of each sequence of trellises 8 is occupied by corresponding lumps of lightweight material 2 and its section is essentially equal to the available space, and its length equal to the width of the structure 9a.
- the individual parallelepipeds 2 are inserted in the corresponding spaces between the wires 3 and 5. This is made possible by the compliance of the parallelepipeds 2 and of the wires 3 and 5.
- the structure is ready to put into operation, lacking only the plaster for re-covering the space between the wires 1 and 3. Wires 3 hold the lumps 2 in place between the surfaces 16 of the structure and correctly aligned with each other.
- the trellises 8 comprise, besides wires 1 and 3, two further longitudinal wires 4, welded to the separating wires 5 and placed between wires 3 parallel with these same wires 1 and 3, which provide stops for the two panels 15.
- the separating wires 5 of an identical sequence of steps to trellises 8, together with the two pairs of wires 3 and 4 define two parallelepiped spaces in rectangular section for the whole width of the framework itself. These spaces are occupied by lumps 2 inserted as in the framework of structure 9a.
- the structure 9b proves to be composed of a three-dimensional metallic framework with two panels in lightweight material separated by a void 17. This void may ve filled directly by a casting of concrete 18 whose form is determined by the panels 15 implemented with the lumps 2 (Fig. 9).
- the concrete 18 makes it possible to use the structure 9a as a supporting structure for other parts of the building and renders simple the integration with other horizontal or vertical structures in the building. Moreover the resistance of structure 9b to the various stresses can be improved by inserting in the void 17 a framework of vertical 19 or horizontal 23 bars.
- the resistant concrete sections 18 and therefore the distance between the panels 15, the number and the section of the bars 19 and 23 are determined by the designer of the building with the usual rules for reinforced concrete and, as a precaution, the contribution of the framework 9 of the structure 9b is not taken into account.
- the prefabricated structures 9a, 9b may be modified in the builder's yard using saw and shears to adapt it to particular requirements of the building.
- one of the two panels 15 in structure 9b may be interrupted to allow space for a concrete pillar 32 (Fig. 11), which will be of a piece with the concrete 18 which fills the void 17.
- a structure 9c (Fig. 2) consists simply of a framework of longitudinal wires 40, of short spacing wires 41 and of transverse wires 42. This structure is particularly adapted to strengthening work and as support for plaster during restoration work.
- the structures with a single panel 15 may have a simplified form 9d with only three longitudinal wires for each trellis, when the plastering of one of the sides of the structure itself is of no importance. I.e., one of the two wires 3 is eliminated.
- the structures with a single panel may also take the form denoted by 9e, in which the lightweight material consists of large parallelepipeds 43 which give the structure an increased thickness indispensable for its use as a floor.
- some 9b structures have one side modified to form the walls of a corner.
- a terminal trellis 44 has a single series of rectangular sections, the panels 15 have their edges bent at an angle of 45° and the edge of one panel juts beyond the other by an amount equal to the thickness of the panel 15.
- This variant permits the simple formation of a supporting corner wall, using two of these structures reversed.
- Two series of small steel rods 39 sunk in the block of concrete 18 ensure the necessary resistance at the corner structure, together with other linking components 45 of the adjoining wires 1.
- Some linking components of a particulartype permit an outstanding utilisation of structures 9a and 9b, both in mutual links and in links with other structures in the building.
- the horizontal junction between two structures 9a and 9b is achieved with steel straps 12 inserted between the wires 1 and 3 on both sides of the structure (Fig. 4 and 10) and their extremities engage with the parts ofthetwo wires 5 which protrude from the panels 15.
- the straps are then covered with plaster 16.
- the straps 12 are corrugated and have sawn edges.
- the joining of the structures 9a, 9b and 9c and the horizontal structures of the building is reinforced by means of simple short shaft 46 of improved adhesion, of steel rods 28 (Fig. 6) in a U-shape, of angle iron, and of reinforcing components 30 made of welded wires (Fig. 5), these too being angled.
- the components 30 comprise three steel rods 21, 20 and 22 parallel to each other and placed in correspondence with the vertex and the extremities of the arms of the L-shaped section via the wires 25 bent into an L or via a pair of wires in a sinuous pattern welded respectively between the end rod 20 and the vertex rod 21, and between the rod 21 and the other rod 22.
- a foundation 48 (Fig. 7) of reinforced concrete is used and care must be taken to insert the short shafts 46 in the areas where the panels 9b will be inserted and allowing the shafts 46 to protrude from the surface of the foundation.
- the structure 9b are then rested on the foundation in such a way that the void runs across the shafts 46 and that the sides of the various structures match.
- the structures are joined together with the rods 12 and reinforcing components 30 are placed on top of them, if necessary inserted between the lump 2 and the wire 1 (Fig. 9). Finally, the concrete casting is used in the void 17.
- structures 9e are used, of half the normal width (0,60 m in the preceding example), and they are reinforced at the edges by means of an angle-iron 47 (Fig. 8), used in pairs, to form an inverted T-shaped beam which meets the adjoining edges ofthetwo structures 9e.
- an angle-iron 47 Fig. 8
- the wire 5 which protrudes below the last parallelepiped 43 is cut and the lowest edge of the same parallelepiped 43 is bevelled.
- one side- of the angle-iron is inserted between the parallelepiped 43 and the wire 1. More components of the same kind are rested on the supporting structures of the building and converge to form the floor of the desired width. The whole may be inserted in the concrete 18 which is retained by the two wings of the inverted T in the areas of the links between the two half-structures 9e.
- the procedure is as denoted by Fig. 9, inserting the rods 28 which are U-shaped across the transverse wires 5 and uniting the whole by means of a casting of concrete.
- rods 19 and 23 and the reinforcing component 30 were inserted and horizontal beams were implemented, using a lump 2 of specific thickness instead of a parallelepiped for the bearing part of the floor.
- the hollow part was used as a form for the beam of reinforced concrete 49 with the rods 23.
- the prefabricated structure of the invention makes possible the implementation of buildings in a simple and inexpensive manner, using generic workers.
- the individual structures will prove light and easily transportable.
- the structure will prove very strong and will have excellent heat-insulation characteristics. It is also suitable for use in seismic zones.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
- Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- This invention relates to a prefabricated structure, particularly for use in the building industry, comprising a framework of welded steel wires, supporting a panel in lightweight material.
- A prefabricated structure is known from the
French patent 1 374 926 which comprises a panel of lightweight material and two trellises perpendicular to the larger surfaces of the panel, wherein each trellis includes a reference longitudinal wire parallel to said larger surfaces, separating wires welded to the reference longitudinal wire and first arrest elements for engaging the panel. - The panel is disposed in front of a second panel to define a void used as form for a concrete casting. The two panels have large dimensions and are held at their given positions by two trellises located at two terminal edges of the panels. Each trellis is connected only with the two panels and is provided with a projection to be engaged with the void of an overposed structure of the same type.
- The assembly of this prefabricated structures of the prior art for the construction of a building results complicated and costly. In fact a reliable alignment of each trellis with respect to the panels may be obtained only in the erecting yard of the building to be constructed. Moreover, the overposition of more panels with their trellises creates problems of alignment also for walls of . limited height. Finally, the sole terminal trellises give a limited strengthening and a series of additional transversal hooks should be engaged in the central portions of the panels.
- A further disadvantage of the known structure is given by the fact that the panels do not enable a sufficient adhesion to the setting of plaster on the external surfaces of the prefabricated structure.
- The technical problem of the present invention is to provide a prefabricated structure of supported or supporting type which can be implemented and put in operation easily and reliably, using unskilled personnel in the erecting yard, and which enables an easy setting of plaster in the structure.
- This problem is solved by the prefabricated structure of the invention which is characterized by other trellises interposed between the said two trellises and by a plurality of transversal wires parallel to said larger surfaces and welded to the said trellises for holding the trellises at given mutual distances therebetween, wherein each trellis comprises various orders of separating wires and a first and a second external longitudinal wire welded to the various orders of separating wires to the external of the space included between the arrest elements and the reference longitudinal wires, wherein the transversal wires cause the separating wires of a same order of the various trellises to be coplanar and wherein the said panel is formed by a group of adjacent elongated sections wherein each section is inserted in the spaces defined by the first arrest elements, the reference longitudinal wires and two adjacent separating wires of said trellises.
- These, and other features of the invention will be apparent from the following description, which is given by way of non-limiting example, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
- Fig. 1 represents a schematic perspective view of the structure of the invention.
- Fig. 2 is a schematic, vertical section of the structure of Fig. 1 and variants on it.
- Fig. 3 is a schematic vertical section of another version of the structure in accordance with the invention.
- Fig. 4 is a frontal view of a combination of two prefabricated structures in accordance with the invention, joined to each other and to parts of the building.
- Fig. 5 is a view of a component linking the prefabricated structure with parts of the building.
- Fig. 6 is a view of other components linking the structure with parts of the building.
- Fig. 7 is a vertical section of the structure of Fig. 3 anchored to the foundation of the building.
- Fig. 8 is a vertical section of a structure of Fig. 1 used in a floor of the building.
- Fig. 9 is a vertical section of two prefabricated structures as in Figs. 2 and 3, used as supporting horizontal and vertical components of the building.
- Fig. 10 is a perspective view of two structures as in Fig. 3, joined together and used as vertical supporting components of the building.
- Fig. 11 is a horizontal section of another variant of the invented structure.
- Fig. 12 is a horizontal section of a further variant of the structure of the invention.
- The prefabricated structure, generically denoted by 9a, 9b (Figs. 1 and 10), comprises a three-
dimensional framework 9 made of metallic welded wires, and at least onepanel 15, in lightweight heat-insulating material, placed parallel to thelargest surfaces 6 of thestructure - The
framework 9 comprises a series oftrellises 8, identical to each other, essentially flat and in the form of a greatly elongated rectangle. Thetrellises 8 are placed one in front of the other, perpendicular to the twosurfaces 6, and are kept firmly in their respective positions by means of a double series oftransverse wires 7. When thestructure trellises 8 will be vertical, while thetransverse wires 7 are horizontal and adjacent to thelargest surfaces 6 of thestructure plaster 16 cover thewires 7, forming the twolargest surfaces 6 of thestructure - The prefabricated structure with a
single panel 15, denoted by 9a is used to form partition and floors and the prefabricated structure with twoinsulating panels 15, denoted by 9b (Figs. 3, and 10), is used to form supporting walls of the building under construction. - Each
trellis 8 is obtained by welding together a pair of longitudinal and parallel wires 1 (vertical when the structure is in use) with separatingwires 5 in such a way as to form a small staircase with steps of a constant width and pitch. Between thelongitudinal wires 1 and a short way away from them, equal to the thickness of the plaster, thetrellises 8 include otherlongitudinal wires 3 parallel to thewires 1 and also welded to the separatingwires 5. The welding is carried out electrically at certain points, resting thetrellises 8 on a magnetized plate provided with gauges. The length of thewires prefabricated structure transverse wires 7 are welded to the longitudinal wires and produce a lightweight, stable framework in which the separating wires of a similar sequence of step prove to be in the same plane as, and perpendicular to, the planes of thewires - Satisfactory structures have been built in which the diameter of the wires is 2,2 mm. In a typical case, the height of the structure lies within the
range 2,60-3,50 mm and its width is 1,20 m; the thickness is approximately 0,10 m forstructures structures 9b; thetrellis 8 have an interval of approximately 0,10 m and the pitch of thetransverse wires 7 is approximately 0,07 m; the pitch of the separatingwires 5 is approximately 0,15 m and the distance between thewires 1 and thewires 3 is approximately 0,04 m. It is obvious that these values are purely illustrative and may vary according to the particular requirements of the construction. - The
panels 15 can be made of various cellular material such as polyurethane foam, polystyrene and PVC of medium density, or of fibrous materials such as fiberglass; or of lamellate materials,or of a mixture of materials. In short, in specific case the material may even be non- insulating or non-metallic. - The
panels 15 are subdivided intoparallelepiped lumps 2 of a definite thickness and height, respectively 0,04 and 0,15 m in the given example. - In
structures 9a for partitions, the parallelepiped space in rectangular section defined by the two pairs ofwires trellises 8 is occupied by corresponding lumps oflightweight material 2 and its section is essentially equal to the available space, and its length equal to the width of thestructure 9a. After the forming of theframework 9, theindividual parallelepipeds 2 are inserted in the corresponding spaces between thewires parallelepipeds 2 and of thewires wires Wires 3 hold thelumps 2 in place between thesurfaces 16 of the structure and correctly aligned with each other. - In the
structure 9b (Figs. 3 and 10), thetrellises 8 comprise, besideswires wires 5 and placed betweenwires 3 parallel with thesesame wires panels 15. When theframework 9 is completely assembled, the separatingwires 5 of an identical sequence of steps to trellises 8, together with the two pairs ofwires 3 and 4, define two parallelepiped spaces in rectangular section for the whole width of the framework itself. These spaces are occupied bylumps 2 inserted as in the framework ofstructure 9a. When all the spaces have been filled with thelumps 2, thestructure 9b proves to be composed of a three-dimensional metallic framework with two panels in lightweight material separated by avoid 17. This void may ve filled directly by a casting ofconcrete 18 whose form is determined by thepanels 15 implemented with the lumps 2 (Fig. 9). - The
concrete 18 makes it possible to use thestructure 9a as a supporting structure for other parts of the building and renders simple the integration with other horizontal or vertical structures in the building. Moreover the resistance ofstructure 9b to the various stresses can be improved by inserting in the void 17 a framework of vertical 19 or horizontal 23 bars. Theresistant concrete sections 18 and therefore the distance between thepanels 15, the number and the section of thebars framework 9 of thestructure 9b is not taken into account. - The
prefabricated structures panels 15 instructure 9b may be interrupted to allow space for a concrete pillar 32 (Fig. 11), which will be of a piece with theconcrete 18 which fills thevoid 17. - Other structures may be altered from production on. A
structure 9c (Fig. 2) consists simply of a framework oflongitudinal wires 40, ofshort spacing wires 41 and oftransverse wires 42. This structure is particularly adapted to strengthening work and as support for plaster during restoration work. - The structures with a
single panel 15 may have asimplified form 9d with only three longitudinal wires for each trellis, when the plastering of one of the sides of the structure itself is of no importance. I.e., one of the twowires 3 is eliminated. The structures with a single panel may also take the form denoted by 9e, in which the lightweight material consists oflarge parallelepipeds 43 which give the structure an increased thickness indispensable for its use as a floor. - As another example, some 9b structures (Fig. 12) have one side modified to form the walls of a corner. In particular, a
terminal trellis 44 has a single series of rectangular sections, thepanels 15 have their edges bent at an angle of 45° and the edge of one panel juts beyond the other by an amount equal to the thickness of thepanel 15. This variant permits the simple formation of a supporting corner wall, using two of these structures reversed. Two series ofsmall steel rods 39 sunk in the block ofconcrete 18 ensure the necessary resistance at the corner structure, together with other linkingcomponents 45 of the adjoiningwires 1. Some linking components of a particulartype permit an outstanding utilisation ofstructures - The horizontal junction between two
structures steel straps 12 inserted between thewires wires 5 which protrude from thepanels 15. The straps are then covered withplaster 16. Moreover, to improve the adhesion of the plaster, thestraps 12 are corrugated and have sawn edges. These straps, placed at various heights, ensure a secure linking and reduce the possibility of error in the joining together of the two structures. - The joining of the
structures short shaft 46 of improved adhesion, of steel rods 28 (Fig. 6) in a U-shape, of angle iron, and of reinforcingcomponents 30 made of welded wires (Fig. 5), these too being angled. Thecomponents 30 comprise threesteel rods wires 25 bent into an L or via a pair of wires in a sinuous pattern welded respectively between theend rod 20 and thevertex rod 21, and between therod 21 and theother rod 22. - To put the supporting walls into operation, a foundation 48 (Fig. 7) of reinforced concrete is used and care must be taken to insert the
short shafts 46 in the areas where thepanels 9b will be inserted and allowing theshafts 46 to protrude from the surface of the foundation. Thestructure 9b are then rested on the foundation in such a way that the void runs across theshafts 46 and that the sides of the various structures match. The structures are joined together with therods 12 and reinforcingcomponents 30 are placed on top of them, if necessary inserted between thelump 2 and the wire 1 (Fig. 9). Finally, the concrete casting is used in thevoid 17. - To construct a supporting floor,
structures 9e are used, of half the normal width (0,60 m in the preceding example), and they are reinforced at the edges by means of an angle-iron 47 (Fig. 8), used in pairs, to form an inverted T-shaped beam which meets the adjoining edges ofthetwostructures 9e. At the edges of thestructures 9e thewire 5 which protrudes below thelast parallelepiped 43 is cut and the lowest edge of thesame parallelepiped 43 is bevelled. Finally, one side- of the angle-iron is inserted between the parallelepiped 43 and thewire 1. More components of the same kind are rested on the supporting structures of the building and converge to form the floor of the desired width. The whole may be inserted in the concrete 18 which is retained by the two wings of the inverted T in the areas of the links between the two half-structures 9e. - To join the walls of the various levels to each other and to the horizontal floors, the procedure is as denoted by Fig. 9, inserting the
rods 28 which are U-shaped across thetransverse wires 5 and uniting the whole by means of a casting of concrete. Where necessary,rods component 30 were inserted and horizontal beams were implemented, using alump 2 of specific thickness instead of a parallelepiped for the bearing part of the floor. The hollow part was used as a form for the beam of reinforced concrete 49 with therods 23. - Once the structure is in use, the installation of plumbing and electrical wiring 50 (Fig. 4) is facilitated by the "holds" represented by the
wires plaster 16, both for the walls and for the inner surface of the floors can be carried out by hand or with a plastering machine without the need for comparisons. Thewires wires 7. - From this description it is clear that with a few simple components the prefabricated structure of the invention makes possible the implementation of buildings in a simple and inexpensive manner, using generic workers. The individual structures will prove light and easily transportable. In use, by contrast, the structure will prove very strong and will have excellent heat-insulation characteristics. It is also suitable for use in seismic zones.
Claims (15)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT82102021T ATE23894T1 (en) | 1981-03-18 | 1982-03-12 | PREFABRICATED STRUCTURES, METHODS OF MANUFACTURE AND THEIR APPLICATION IN INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
IT67366/81A IT1191160B (en) | 1981-03-18 | 1981-03-18 | DEVICE AND METHOD FOR OBTAINING PREFABRICATED ELEMENTS FOR BUILDING HOUSES AND SIMILAR AND METHOD FOR ASSEMBLING BETWEEN THESE ELEMENTS |
IT6736681 | 1981-03-18 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0061100A2 EP0061100A2 (en) | 1982-09-29 |
EP0061100A3 EP0061100A3 (en) | 1983-02-16 |
EP0061100B1 true EP0061100B1 (en) | 1986-11-26 |
Family
ID=11301797
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP82102021A Expired EP0061100B1 (en) | 1981-03-18 | 1982-03-12 | Prefabricated structures, method for their manufacture and their use in the building industry |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0061100B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE23894T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3274476D1 (en) |
IT (1) | IT1191160B (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT408004B (en) * | 1998-02-19 | 2001-08-27 | Ritzinger Otto | Prefabricated-concrete-wall shuttering-element system |
AT411473B (en) * | 2000-04-10 | 2004-01-26 | Otto Ritzinger | FINISHED CONCRETE WALL SHUTTER ELEMENT SYSTEM WITH ONLY ONE SIDE SIDE |
WO2016020932A3 (en) * | 2014-08-04 | 2016-03-24 | Srinidhi Anantharaman | Deployable pre-fabricated reinforcement cage system |
WO2021014429A1 (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2021-01-28 | Bullet Proof Designs, LLC | Methods and apparatuses for facilitating producing of an insulated panel |
Families Citing this family (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2549120B1 (en) * | 1983-07-11 | 1985-10-25 | Antropius Jean | METHOD OF CONSTRUCTING CASTED RAIDED WALLS IN A FILTERING FORMWORK. DEVICE FOR CONSTITUTING FORMWORK. APPLICATION TO THE BUILDING |
ATE39070T1 (en) * | 1984-04-24 | 1988-12-15 | Sismo Int | PROCESS FOR ASSEMBLING THREE-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURES FROM METAL WIRE, AND MACHINE FOR CARRYING OUT THE PROCESS. |
DE3485525D1 (en) * | 1984-11-08 | 1992-04-02 | Sismo Int | Prefabricated building units and use in building construction. |
GB2254863B (en) * | 1991-04-16 | 1994-08-17 | Mariano Capozzi | Building construction |
US5392580A (en) * | 1992-05-06 | 1995-02-28 | Baumann; Hanns U. | Modular reinforcement cages for ductile concrete frame members and method of fabricating and erecting the same |
NO177803C (en) * | 1993-06-23 | 1995-11-22 | Nils Nessa | A method of casting an entire or partially insulated wall, as well as a disposable formwork for use in the specified process. |
ES2127059B1 (en) * | 1995-06-09 | 1999-11-16 | Redondo Pablo Pascual | CONSTRUCTIVE SYSTEM FOR LOADING WALLS. |
CN1263805C (en) | 2000-09-14 | 2006-07-12 | 罗姆和哈斯公司 | Method of improving melt processing of thrmoplastic polymers and compositions produced thereby |
EP1447488A1 (en) | 2003-02-11 | 2004-08-18 | Kildare Developments Ltd. | Prefabricated modules for use in the building industry |
WO2007012863A1 (en) * | 2005-07-28 | 2007-02-01 | Frank William Layzell | Building panels and construction of buildings with such panels |
WO2013093128A1 (en) * | 2011-12-20 | 2013-06-27 | Elesdopa, S.L. | Module for building façades and method of use in construction |
EP2644793B1 (en) | 2012-03-28 | 2016-05-11 | SISMO Trading Ltd. | Steel lattice configuration |
CN109853790A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-06-07 | 哈尔滨鸿盛建筑材料制造股份有限公司 | A kind of EPS module concrete frame filling wall construction technology |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BE629063A (en) * | 1963-11-21 | |||
DE1459917A1 (en) * | 1963-12-23 | 1968-12-05 | Derichs Dipl Ing Peter | Method and device for the creation of structures using formwork concrete |
FR2117739B1 (en) * | 1970-12-14 | 1973-12-28 | Ctre Internal Etu Techn | |
CH549182A (en) * | 1972-11-20 | 1974-05-15 | Schultze Hansgert | LATTICE FRAME FOR THE MANUFACTURING OF COMPONENTS. |
FR2422790A1 (en) * | 1978-04-13 | 1979-11-09 | Gadrez Jean | Part prefabricated building system - uses mesh faced panels contg. insulation and joined by concrete projected over mesh to form outer leaves |
AT354686B (en) * | 1978-08-09 | 1980-01-25 | Kirchner Franz Dipl Ing | SPACERS |
-
1981
- 1981-03-18 IT IT67366/81A patent/IT1191160B/en active
-
1982
- 1982-03-12 EP EP82102021A patent/EP0061100B1/en not_active Expired
- 1982-03-12 DE DE8282102021T patent/DE3274476D1/en not_active Expired
- 1982-03-12 AT AT82102021T patent/ATE23894T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT408004B (en) * | 1998-02-19 | 2001-08-27 | Ritzinger Otto | Prefabricated-concrete-wall shuttering-element system |
AT411473B (en) * | 2000-04-10 | 2004-01-26 | Otto Ritzinger | FINISHED CONCRETE WALL SHUTTER ELEMENT SYSTEM WITH ONLY ONE SIDE SIDE |
WO2016020932A3 (en) * | 2014-08-04 | 2016-03-24 | Srinidhi Anantharaman | Deployable pre-fabricated reinforcement cage system |
WO2021014429A1 (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2021-01-28 | Bullet Proof Designs, LLC | Methods and apparatuses for facilitating producing of an insulated panel |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE3274476D1 (en) | 1987-01-15 |
IT1191160B (en) | 1988-02-24 |
IT8167366A0 (en) | 1981-03-18 |
EP0061100A2 (en) | 1982-09-29 |
ATE23894T1 (en) | 1986-12-15 |
EP0061100A3 (en) | 1983-02-16 |
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