EP0050187B1 - Circuit-breaker protecting against overcurrents - Google Patents

Circuit-breaker protecting against overcurrents Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0050187B1
EP0050187B1 EP81104965A EP81104965A EP0050187B1 EP 0050187 B1 EP0050187 B1 EP 0050187B1 EP 81104965 A EP81104965 A EP 81104965A EP 81104965 A EP81104965 A EP 81104965A EP 0050187 B1 EP0050187 B1 EP 0050187B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact piece
movable contact
locking bar
switch according
protective switch
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP81104965A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0050187A3 (en
EP0050187A2 (en
Inventor
Adrian W. Dr. Roth
Tibor Morva
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rockwell Automation Switzerland GmbH
Original Assignee
Sprecher und Schuh AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sprecher und Schuh AG filed Critical Sprecher und Schuh AG
Publication of EP0050187A2 publication Critical patent/EP0050187A2/en
Publication of EP0050187A3 publication Critical patent/EP0050187A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0050187B1 publication Critical patent/EP0050187B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H33/91Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism the arc-extinguishing fluid being air or gas
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H01H71/2454Electromagnetic mechanisms characterised by the magnetic circuit or active magnetic elements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an overcurrent circuit breaker with a movable contact piece, which engages in the switched-on position with a fixed contact piece, and which is under the action of the same urging force in the switched-off position, and with an overcurrent release lock, by means of which the movable contact piece in Switch-on position can be locked.
  • overcurrent circuit breakers are often installed instead of fuses, which are known to be used only once, in medium and high voltage electrical switchgear to protect them from, for example, short-circuit currents.
  • the spring-loaded, movable contact piece is coupled to the lock via a lever mechanism, which in turn has a latch mechanism.
  • the ratchet mechanism is associated with an electromagnet which has a movable armature which interacts with the ratchet mechanism, and the excitation winding of which consists of a few turns of a conductor which is connected in series with the movable contact piece. If an excess current, for example a short-circuit current, flows through this conductor, the attraction force of the electromagnet on the armature is sufficient to unlock the pawl mechanism. The movable contact piece is then free to move to the off position under the action of the spring.
  • the known circuit breaker has numerous mechanically movable parts and also numerous pivot pins. Over a long period of time, this affects the functional safety of the circuit breaker. In addition, this contradicts the attempt to manufacture such circuit breakers as simply and therefore cheaply, but without loss of functionality.
  • the excitation winding of the magnet which always carries current in the switched-on position, continuously generates waste heat which is to be dissipated.
  • This can be done either by direct cooling measures, or - as with the previously known switch - by arranging the elements of the switch in a comparatively large interior, which ensures a sufficient circulation of the medium contained therein for cooling.
  • the locking device has a substantially U-shaped bar, which encompasses the movable contact piece with play and is displaceably mounted transversely to the flow of current, made of a soft magnetic material, at least one of which the free leg ends of which are provided with a stop which, in the switched-on position, cooperates with a stop nose which is movable with the movable contact piece.
  • the overcurrent circuit breaker 10 shown has a switch housing 11 which has an insulating tube 12 which is sealed at the top by a cap 13.
  • a first connecting conductor 14 starts from the cap 13, which in turn carries a fixed contact piece 15, only schematically shown, on its inside.
  • At the lower end of the insulating tube 12 there is a sealing part 16 in the form of a pot or cup open at the bottom, from which a second connecting conductor 23 extends.
  • the end wall 17 of the end part 16 adjoining the insulating tube 12 has through bores 18, of which the middle one - as will be explained later - serves for the passage of a movable contact piece.
  • a metallic bellows 19 is fastened in a sealing manner, which is in turn sealed by an end plate 20.
  • a rod-shaped, movable contact piece 21 is fastened, which extends through the bellows 19 and through the central bore 18.
  • the interior 22 of the switch housing 11 is completely gas-tightly encapsulated from the outside.
  • This interior space 22 can be filled with an extinguishing gas which is under pressure, for example SF 6 , and which therefore endeavors to follow the bellows 19 to expand below, ie to bring the movable contact piece 21 into the switched-off position.
  • a compression spring 24 supported on one end on the end plate 20 and on the other end on the end wall 17 can be provided in the bellows 19.
  • sliding contacts 25 are provided on the outside of the movable contact piece 21, which ensure the electrical connection between this contact piece 21 via the end part 16 and the connecting conductor 23.
  • the movable contact piece 21 is normally and against the force emanating from the excess pressure in the interior 22 and / or from the spring 24 by means of a lock designated 26 in the switched-on position shown on the left in FIG. 1.
  • a lock designated 26 for a more detailed explanation of this lock 26, reference is now made to FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • the latch 26 has an essentially U-shaped or - more precisely - horseshoe-shaped latch 27 (FIG. 2) made of a soft magnetic material, which engages around the movable contact piece 21 with play.
  • This bolt 27 is displaceable in a direction transverse to the flow of current in the movable contact piece 21 and can be guided for this purpose by a protective bearing sleeve 28 (FIG. 3) which is interspersed with play by the movable contact piece 21.
  • This bearing sleeve 28 or the bolt 27 (if no bearing sleeve is provided) is supported on a cross member 29 which bridges the interior 22 and is fastened to the inner wall of the insulating tube 12.
  • Both free leg ends 30, 31 of the bolt 27 have stop surfaces (only the stop surface 32 of the leg end 30 is visible in FIG. 5), on which, in the switched-on position, the stop surface 33 of a molded or movable contact piece 21 attached stop nose 34 rests.
  • the yoke 35 of the bolt i. H. the section of the bolt connecting the two legs, at a greater distance from the movable contact piece 21 than the two free leg ends 30, 31.
  • This magnetic field is particularly pronounced in the magnetic circuit given by the bolt 27 and has the result that forces act on the bolt 27 which endeavor to displace it with respect to the movable contact piece 21 such that the magnetic resistance of the magnetic Circle is the lowest.
  • This magnetic resistance is lowest when the movable contact piece 21 is in the vicinity of the yoke 35. Forces (as long as the movable contact piece carries current) therefore always act on forces which endeavor to move the bolt to the left in FIGS. 1, 2 and 5 (position shown in broken lines in FIG. 2), so that the free ones Leg ends 30, 31 release the stop lug 34 and thus the movable contact piece 21 for executing the switch-off stroke.
  • means can be provided to apply a restoring force, ie. H. 1, 2 and 5 to exert a force acting to the right.
  • a restoring force ie. H. 1, 2 and 5 to exert a force acting to the right.
  • These means can be formed by a compression spring 36 (only shown in FIG. 1) and / or by a permanent magnet 37 which is attached to the outside of the insulating tube 12 at the level of the latch 27 or can be advanced to this point as required.
  • the bolt is to be pushed back into its starting position, which is done either by the spring 36 and / or the magnet 37 as soon as the switching arc has been extinguished, ie. H. the overcurrent has stopped flowing. Then, by exerting force on the end plate 20, the bellows 19 is pressed together and thus the movable contact piece 21 is displaced onto the fixed contact piece 15. In this case, a deflecting surface 40 formed on the side of the stop lug 34 opposite the stop surface 33 hits the bolt 27 in the starting position, displaces it temporarily until the stop lug has again reached a position between the fixed contact piece 15 and the locking device 26. The bolt 27 can now return to its initial position, and thus the movable contact piece 21 is locked in the switch-on position.
  • the side of the end plate 20 facing away from the bellows 19 can have a striking color or can be provided with other suitable markings.
  • FIG. 4 differs from that of FIGS. 1-3 in that the bolt 27 is purely U-shaped.
  • the free leg ends 30, 31 of the bolt 27 are connected to one another by a stop element 41 made of a non-magnetizable material, against which the stop lug 34 abuts in the switched-on position.
  • This stop element 34 can be formed by a rotatable roller or can also have a prismatic shape.
  • the stop surface 33 of the stop nose 34 can be given an inclination a, which leads to the effect on the movable contact piece 21 Force P a force acting on the bolt 27 of the force Q is generated. In this case too, the inclination a of the stop surface 33 is decisive for the response threshold of the circuit breaker.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)
  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
  • Switches That Are Operated By Magnetic Or Electric Fields (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Überstrom-Schutzschalter mit einem beweglichen Kontaktstück, das in Einschaltstellung mit einem festen Kontaktstück im Eingriff ist, und das unter der Wirkung einer dasselbe in Ausschaltstellung drängenden Kraft steht, und mit einer durch Überstrom freigebbaren Verriegelung, mittels welcher das bewegliche Schaltstück in Einschaltstellung arretierbar ist.The invention relates to an overcurrent circuit breaker with a movable contact piece, which engages in the switched-on position with a fixed contact piece, and which is under the action of the same urging force in the switched-off position, and with an overcurrent release lock, by means of which the movable contact piece in Switch-on position can be locked.

Solche Überstrom-Schutzschalter werden oft anstelle von Schmelzsicherungen, die bekanntlich nur einmal benutzt werden können, in elektrische Schaltanlagen der Mittel- und Hochspannung zu deren Schutz vor beispielsweise Kurzschlussströmen eingebaut.Such overcurrent circuit breakers are often installed instead of fuses, which are known to be used only once, in medium and high voltage electrical switchgear to protect them from, for example, short-circuit currents.

Ein bekannter Schutzschalter der eingangs genannten Art ist in der US-A-2 757 261 anhand der Fig. und 10 beschrieben.A known circuit breaker of the type mentioned at the outset is described in US Pat. No. 2,757,261 with reference to FIGS. 10 and 10.

Beim bekannten Überstrom-Schutzschalter ist das federbelastete, bewegliche Kontaktstück über ein Hebelgetriebe an die Verriegelung gekoppelt, die ihrerseits einen Klinkenmechanismus aufweist. Dem Klinkenmechanismus ist ein Elektromagnet zugeordnet, der einen beweglichen, mit dem Klinkenmechanismus zusammenwirkenden Anker aufweist, und dessen Erregerwicklung aus wenigen Windungen eines Leiters besteht, der in Serie mit dem beweglichen Kontaktstück geschaltet ist. Wenn dieser Leiter durch einen Überstrom, beispielsweise einen Kurzschlussstrom durchflossen wird, ist die Anziehungskraft des Elektromagneten auf den Anker ausreichend, damit dieser den Klinkenmechanismus entsperrt. Daraufhin ist das bewegliche Schaltstück frei, unter der Wirkung der Feder sich in Ausschaltstellung zu bewegen.In the known overcurrent circuit breaker, the spring-loaded, movable contact piece is coupled to the lock via a lever mechanism, which in turn has a latch mechanism. The ratchet mechanism is associated with an electromagnet which has a movable armature which interacts with the ratchet mechanism, and the excitation winding of which consists of a few turns of a conductor which is connected in series with the movable contact piece. If an excess current, for example a short-circuit current, flows through this conductor, the attraction force of the electromagnet on the armature is sufficient to unlock the pawl mechanism. The movable contact piece is then free to move to the off position under the action of the spring.

Der bekannte Schutzschalter weist zahlreiche, mechanisch bewegbare Teile und auch zahlreiche Gelenkzapfen auf. Dies beeinträchtigt - über längere Zeit betrachtet - die Funktionssicherheit des Schutzschalters. Ausserdem steht dies dem Bestreben entgegen, solche Schutzschalter möglichst einfach und daher billig, jedoch ohne Einbusse an Funktionstüchtigkeit herzustellen.The known circuit breaker has numerous mechanically movable parts and also numerous pivot pins. Over a long period of time, this affects the functional safety of the circuit breaker. In addition, this contradicts the attempt to manufacture such circuit breakers as simply and therefore cheaply, but without loss of functionality.

Schliesslich wird beim bekannten Schalter durch die Erregerwicklung des magneten, die in Einschaltstellung stets Strom führt, ununterbrochen Verlustwärme erzeugt, die abzuführen ist. Dies kann entweder durch direkte Kühlungsmassnahmen geschehen, oder - wie beim vorbekannten Schalter - dadurch, dass die Elemente des Schalters in einem vergleichsweise grossen Innenraum angeordnet werden, der eine zur Kühlung ausreichende Zirkulation des darin enthaltenen Mediums gewährleistet.Finally, in the known switch, the excitation winding of the magnet, which always carries current in the switched-on position, continuously generates waste heat which is to be dissipated. This can be done either by direct cooling measures, or - as with the previously known switch - by arranging the elements of the switch in a comparatively large interior, which ensures a sufficient circulation of the medium contained therein for cooling.

Ausgehend von diesem Stand der Technik ist es Aufgabe der Erfindung, einen Schalter der eingangs genannten Art derart auszubilden, dass mit einer Mindestanzahl beweglicher Bauteile und ohne stromdurchflossene Spulen ein Höchstmass an Zuverlässigkeit und zugleich ein Mindestmass an Raumbedarf erzielt werden kann.Starting from this prior art, it is an object of the invention to design a switch of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that a maximum degree of reliability and at the same time a minimum dimension of space can be achieved with a minimum number of moving components and without current-carrying coils.

Diese Aufgabe wird bei einem Schalter der eingangs genannten Art gemäss der Erfindung dadurch gelöst, dass die Verriegelung einen im wesentlichen U-förmigen, das bewegliche Kontaktstück mit Spiel umgreifenden und quer zum Stromfluss in demselben verschiebbar gelagerten Riegel aus einem weichmagnetischen Material aufweist, wobei mindestens eines dessen freier Schenkelenden mit einem Anschlag versehen ist, der in Einschaltstellung mit einer mit dem beweglichen Kontaktstück mitbeweglichen-Anschlagnase zusammenwirkt.This object is achieved in a switch of the type mentioned according to the invention in that the locking device has a substantially U-shaped bar, which encompasses the movable contact piece with play and is displaceably mounted transversely to the flow of current, made of a soft magnetic material, at least one of which the free leg ends of which are provided with a stop which, in the switched-on position, cooperates with a stop nose which is movable with the movable contact piece.

Merkmale bevorzugter Ausführungsformen sind den abhängigen Ansprüchen zu entnehmen.Features of preferred embodiments can be found in the dependent claims.

Anhand der beiliegenden Zeichnung sind nachstehend rein beispielsweise einige Ausführungsformen des vorgeschlagenen Schutzschalters näher beschrieben. Es zeigt :

  • Figur 1 einen vereinfachten Achsialschnitt durch einen Überstrom-Schutzschalter, links in Einschalt-, rechts in Ausschaltstellung,
  • Figur 2 einen vereinfachten Schnitt entlang der Linie A-A der Fig.1 unter Weglassung gewisser Teile,
  • Figur 3 einen Schnitt längs der Linie B-B der Fig. 2,
  • Figur 4 einen zu Fig. 2 analogen Schnitt durch eine Ausführungsvariante, und
  • Figur 5 in vereinfachter, vergrösserter Darstellung Einzelheiten der Schalters gemäss Fig. 1.
Some embodiments of the proposed circuit breaker are described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawing. It shows :
  • 1 shows a simplified axial section through an overcurrent circuit breaker, on the left in the on position, on the right in the off position,
  • FIG. 2 shows a simplified section along the line AA in FIG. 1, with certain parts being omitted,
  • FIG. 3 shows a section along line BB of FIG. 2,
  • 4 shows a section analogous to FIG. 2 through an embodiment variant, and
  • FIG. 5 shows a simplified, enlarged illustration of details of the switch according to FIG. 1.

Der dargestellte Überstrom-Schutzschalter 10 besitzt ein Schaltergehäuse 11, das ein oberends mit einer Kappe 13 dicht verschlossenes Isolierrohr 12 aufweist. Ein erster Anschlussleiter 14 geht von der Kappe 13 aus, die ihrerseits an ihrer Innenseite ein nur schematisch dargestelltes, festes Kontaktstück 15 trägt. An das untere Ende des Isolierrohres 12 schliesst dicht ein Abschlussteil 16 in der Form eines nach unten offenen Topfes oder Bechers an, von dem ein zweiter Anschlussleiter 23 ausgeht. Die an das Isolierrohr 12 anschliessende Stirnwand 17 des Abschlussteiles 16 weist durchgehende Bohrungen 18 auf, von denen die mittlere - wie noch zu erläutern sein wird - zum Durchlass eines beweglichen Kontaktstückes dient. An der dem Isolierrohr 12 abgekehrten Seite der Stirnwand 17 ist ein metallischer Faltenbalg 19 dichtend befestigt, der seinerseits durch eine Abschlussplatte 20 dicht verschlossen ist. An der dem Isolierrohr 12 zugekehrten Seite der Abschlussplatte 20 ist ein stabförmiges, bewegliches Kontaktstück 21 befestigt, das sich durch den Faltenbalg 19 und durch die mittlere Bohrung 18 hindurch erstreckt.The overcurrent circuit breaker 10 shown has a switch housing 11 which has an insulating tube 12 which is sealed at the top by a cap 13. A first connecting conductor 14 starts from the cap 13, which in turn carries a fixed contact piece 15, only schematically shown, on its inside. At the lower end of the insulating tube 12 there is a sealing part 16 in the form of a pot or cup open at the bottom, from which a second connecting conductor 23 extends. The end wall 17 of the end part 16 adjoining the insulating tube 12 has through bores 18, of which the middle one - as will be explained later - serves for the passage of a movable contact piece. On the side of the end wall 17 facing away from the insulating tube 12, a metallic bellows 19 is fastened in a sealing manner, which is in turn sealed by an end plate 20. On the side of the end plate 20 facing the insulating tube 12, a rod-shaped, movable contact piece 21 is fastened, which extends through the bellows 19 and through the central bore 18.

Daraus ergibt sich, dass der Innenraum 22 des Schaltergehäuses 11 gegen aussen vollkommen gasdicht abgekapselt ist. Dieser Innenraum 22 kann mit einem unter Überdruck stehenden Löschgas, beispielsweise SF6, gefüllt sein, das somit das Bestreben hat, den Faltenbalg 19 nach unten zu dehnen, d. h. das bewegliche Kontaktstück 21 in Ausschaltstellung zu bringen.It follows from this that the interior 22 of the switch housing 11 is completely gas-tightly encapsulated from the outside. This interior space 22 can be filled with an extinguishing gas which is under pressure, for example SF 6 , and which therefore endeavors to follow the bellows 19 to expand below, ie to bring the movable contact piece 21 into the switched-off position.

Anstelle des im Innenraum 22 herrschenden Überdruckes oder zusätzlich zu demselben, kann im Faltenbalg 19 eine einerends an der Abschlussplatte 20 und andernends an der Stirnwand 17 abgestützte Druckfeder 24 vorgesehen sein.Instead of the excess pressure prevailing in the interior 22 or in addition to the same, a compression spring 24 supported on one end on the end plate 20 and on the other end on the end wall 17 can be provided in the bellows 19.

An der dem Isolierrohr 12 abgekehrten Seite der Stirnwand 17 sind an der Aussenseite des beweglichen Kontaktstückes 21 angreifende Gleitkontakte 25 vorhanden, die die elektrische Verbindung zwischen diesem Kontaktstück 21 über das Abschlussteil 16 mit dem Anschlussleiter 23 sicherstellen.On the side of the end wall 17 facing away from the insulating tube 12, sliding contacts 25 are provided on the outside of the movable contact piece 21, which ensure the electrical connection between this contact piece 21 via the end part 16 and the connecting conductor 23.

Das bewegliche Kontaktstück 21 wird normalerweise und gegen die vom Überdruck im Innenraum 22 und/oder von der Feder 24 ausgehenden Kraft mittels einer mit 26 bezeichneten Verriegelung in der in Fig. 1 links dargestellten Einschaltstellung arretiert. Zur näheren Erläuterung dieser Verriegelung 26 sei nun zusätzlich auf die Fig. 2 und 3 verwiesen.The movable contact piece 21 is normally and against the force emanating from the excess pressure in the interior 22 and / or from the spring 24 by means of a lock designated 26 in the switched-on position shown on the left in FIG. 1. For a more detailed explanation of this lock 26, reference is now made to FIGS. 2 and 3.

Die Verriegelung 26 weist einen im wesentlichen U-förmigen oder - genauer - hufeisenförmigen Riegel 27 (Fig. 2) aus einem weichmagnetischen Material auf, der das bewegliche Kontaktstück 21 mit Spiel umgreift. Dieser Riegel 27 ist in einer quer zum Stromfluss im beweglichen Kontaktstück 21 verlaufenden Richtung verschiebbar und kann zu diesem Zweck von einer schützenden Lagerhülse 28 (Fig. 3), die vom beweglichen Kontaktstück 21 mit Spiel durchsetzt ist, geführt sein. Diese Lagerhülse 28 bzw. der Riegel 27 (wenn keine Lagerhülse vorgesehen ist) ist auf einer den Innenraum 22 überbrückenden und an der Innenwand des Isolierrohres 12 befestigten Traverse 29 abgestützt.The latch 26 has an essentially U-shaped or - more precisely - horseshoe-shaped latch 27 (FIG. 2) made of a soft magnetic material, which engages around the movable contact piece 21 with play. This bolt 27 is displaceable in a direction transverse to the flow of current in the movable contact piece 21 and can be guided for this purpose by a protective bearing sleeve 28 (FIG. 3) which is interspersed with play by the movable contact piece 21. This bearing sleeve 28 or the bolt 27 (if no bearing sleeve is provided) is supported on a cross member 29 which bridges the interior 22 and is fastened to the inner wall of the insulating tube 12.

Beide freien Schenkelenden 30, 31 des Riegels 27 (vergleiche auch Fig.5) weisen Anschlagflächen auf (in Fig. 5 ist nur die Anschlagfläche 32 des Schenkelendes 30 sichtbar), auf denen in Einschaltstellung die Anschlagfläche 33 einer am beweglichen Kontaktstück 21 angeformten bzw. befestigten Anschlagnase 34 aufliegt. In dieser Stellung befindet sich das Joch 35 des Riegels 27, d. h. der die beiden Schenkel verbindende Abschnitt des Riegels, in einem grösseren Abstand vom beweglichen Kontaktstück 21 als die beiden freien Schenkelenden 30, 31.Both free leg ends 30, 31 of the bolt 27 (see also FIG. 5) have stop surfaces (only the stop surface 32 of the leg end 30 is visible in FIG. 5), on which, in the switched-on position, the stop surface 33 of a molded or movable contact piece 21 attached stop nose 34 rests. In this position, the yoke 35 of the bolt 27, i. H. the section of the bolt connecting the two legs, at a greater distance from the movable contact piece 21 than the two free leg ends 30, 31.

Wenn nun Strom durch das bewegliche Kontaktstück 21 fliesst, dann wird ein um dieses herum verlaufendes Magnetfeld erzeugt.If current now flows through the movable contact piece 21, a magnetic field running around it is generated.

Dieses Magnetfeld ist besonders ausgeprägt in dem durch den Riegel 27 gegebenen magnetischen Kreis und hat zur Folge, dass auf den Riegel 27 Kräfte wirken, die das Bestreben haben, diesen in bezug auf das bewegliche Kontaktstück 21 so zu verschieben, dass der magnetische Widerstand des magnetischen Kreises am geringsten wird. Dieser magnetische Widerstand ist dann am geringsten, wenn das bewegliche Kontaktstück 21 sich in der Nähe des Joches 35 befindet. Auf den Riegel 27 wirken somit (solange das bewegliche Kontaktstück Strom führt) stets Kräfte, die das Bestreben haben, den Riegel in Fig. 1, 2 und 5 nach links zu verschieben (in Fig. 2 gestrichelt eingezeichnete Lage), so dass die freien Schenkelenden 30, 31 die Anschlagnase 34 und damit das bewegliche Kontaktstück 21 zur Ausführung des Ausschalthubes freigeben. Allerdings steht diesen Kräften zunächst der von der Anschlagnase 34 auf den Riegel 27 ausgeübte Druck bzw. der dadurch zwischen Riegel 27 und Lagerhülse 28 bzw. Traverse 29 erzeugte Reibschluss entgegen. Des weiteren kann, wie in Fig. 5 dargestellt, den Anschlagflächen 32, 33 an den freien Schenkelenden 31, 32 bzw. an der Anschlagnase 34 eine Neigung a gegeben werden, die zusammen mit der auf das bewegliche Kontaktstück 21 in Ausschaltrichtung wirkenden Kraft P eine resultierende ergibt, die der vom Magnetfeld ausgehenden und auf den Riegel 27 wirkenden Kraft Q entgegenwirkt. Nun ist aber Q eine Funktion des durch das bewegliche Kontaktstück 21 fliessenden Stromes während die Q entgegenwirkenden Kräfte praktisch konstant sind. Daraus ergibt sich, dass sich die Ansprechschwelle des Überstrom-Schutzschalters beispielsweise durch geeignete Wahl der Neigung a bestimmen lässt.This magnetic field is particularly pronounced in the magnetic circuit given by the bolt 27 and has the result that forces act on the bolt 27 which endeavor to displace it with respect to the movable contact piece 21 such that the magnetic resistance of the magnetic Circle is the lowest. This magnetic resistance is lowest when the movable contact piece 21 is in the vicinity of the yoke 35. Forces (as long as the movable contact piece carries current) therefore always act on forces which endeavor to move the bolt to the left in FIGS. 1, 2 and 5 (position shown in broken lines in FIG. 2), so that the free ones Leg ends 30, 31 release the stop lug 34 and thus the movable contact piece 21 for executing the switch-off stroke. However, these forces are initially opposed by the pressure exerted by the stop lug 34 on the bolt 27 or the frictional engagement thereby generated between the bolt 27 and the bearing sleeve 28 or cross member 29. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 5, the stop surfaces 32, 33 at the free leg ends 31, 32 or at the stop lug 34 can be given an inclination a, which together with the force P acting on the movable contact piece 21 in the switching-off direction resulting results, which counteracts the force Q emanating from the magnetic field and acting on the bolt 27. Now, however, Q is a function of the current flowing through the movable contact piece 21 while the Q counteracting forces are practically constant. It follows from this that the response threshold of the overcurrent circuit breaker can be determined, for example, by a suitable choice of the inclination a.

Alternativ oder vorzugsweise zusätzlich können Mittel vorgesehen sein, um auf den Riegel 27 eine Rückstellkraft, d. h. in der Darstellung der Fig. 1, 2 und 5 eine nach rechts wirkende Kraft auszuüben. Diese Mittel können durch eine Druckfeder 36 (nur in Fig. 1 dargestellt) und/oder durch einen Permanentmagneten 37 gebildet sein, der an der Aussenseite des Isolierrohres 12 auf der Höhe des Riegels 27 befestigt ist oder nach Bedarf auf diese Stelle zustellbar ist.As an alternative or preferably in addition, means can be provided to apply a restoring force, ie. H. 1, 2 and 5 to exert a force acting to the right. These means can be formed by a compression spring 36 (only shown in FIG. 1) and / or by a permanent magnet 37 which is attached to the outside of the insulating tube 12 at the level of the latch 27 or can be advanced to this point as required.

Überwindet die stromabhängige Kraft Q die ihr entgegenwirkenden, praktisch konstanten Kräfte, wird der Riegel 27 in die in Fig. 2 gestrichelt dargestellte Lage verschoben, wodurch die Anschlagflächen 32, 33 ausser Eingriff mit der Anschlagnase 34 gelangen, und das bewegliche Kontaktstück 21 zur Ausführung des Ausschalthubes freigegben ist. Dabei vergrössert sich, wegen der Dehnung des Faltenbalges, der Rauminhalt des Innenraumes 22. Um die damit einhergehende Druckverminderung zum Löschen des Schaltlichtbogens auszunützen, ist zwischen der Verriegelung 26 und dem festen Kontaktstück 15 im Isolierrohr 12 eine Blasdüse 38 aus einem Isolierstoff befestigt, deren zentrale Durchlassöffnung 39 so lange durch das bewegliche Kontaktstück 21 praktisch verschlossen bleibt, als dessen freies Ende im Zuge eines Ausschalthubes nicht die Öffnung 39 passiert hat. Dadurch bleibt der Innendruck in dem zwischen der Blasdüse 38 und dem festen Kontaktstück 15 vorhandenen Teil des Innenraums 22 zu Beginn eines Ausschalthubes praktisch erhalten. Umsomehr vermindert sich dagegen der Innendruck in dem zwischen Blasdüse 38 und der Abschlussplatte 20 liegenden Teil des Innenraumes 22. Das dadurch entstehende Druckgefälle führt zu einer kräftigen Gasströmung durch die Öffnung 39, sobald das bewegliche Schaltstück 21 diese freigegeben hat. Diese Gasströmung bebläst den Schaltlichtbogen und trägt zu dessen zuverlässigen Löschung bei.If the current-dependent force Q overcomes the opposing, practically constant forces, the bolt 27 is moved into the position shown in broken lines in FIG. 2, as a result of which the stop surfaces 32, 33 disengage from the stop lug 34, and the movable contact piece 21 for executing the Switch-off stroke is released. This increases the volume of the interior space 22 due to the expansion of the bellows. In order to take advantage of the associated reduction in pressure to extinguish the switching arc, a blow nozzle 38 made of an insulating material is fastened between the locking device 26 and the fixed contact piece 15 in the insulating tube 12, the central one of which Passage opening 39 remains practically closed by the movable contact piece 21 as long as its free end has not passed the opening 39 in the course of a switch-off stroke. As a result, the internal pressure in the part of the interior 22 present between the blowing nozzle 38 and the fixed contact piece 15 is practically retained at the beginning of a switch-off stroke. On the other hand, the internal pressure in the part of the interior 22 lying between the blowing nozzle 38 and the end plate 20 is reduced all the more. The resulting pressure drop leads to a strong gas flow through the opening 39 as soon as the movable switching element 21 has released it. This gas flow blows the switching arc and contributes to its reliable quenching.

Soll der Schutzschalter wieder eingeschaltet werden, ist der Riegel wieder in seine Ausgangslage zu schieben, was entweder durch die Feder 36 und/oder den magneten 37 besorgt wird, sobald der Schaltlichtbogen gelöscht ist, d. h. der Überstrom aufgehört hat zu fliessen. Sodann wird durch Kraftausübung auf die Abschlussplatte 20 der Faltenbalg 19 zusammengedrück und damit das bewegliche Kontaktstück 21 auf das feste Kontaktstück 15 hin verschoben. Dabei trifft eine auf der der Anschlagfläche 33 gegenüberliegenden Seite der Anschlagnase 34 ausgebildete Abweisfläche 40 auf den in Ausgangslage sich befindenden Riegel 27, verdrängt diesen vorübergehend bis die Anschlagnase wieder eine Lage zwischen dem festen Kontaktstück 15 und der Verriegelung 26 erreicht hat. Der Riegel 27 kann nun wieder in seine Ausgangslage zurückkehren, und damit ist das bewegliche Kontaktstück 21 in Einschaltstellung arretiert.If the circuit breaker is to be switched on again, the bolt is to be pushed back into its starting position, which is done either by the spring 36 and / or the magnet 37 as soon as the switching arc has been extinguished, ie. H. the overcurrent has stopped flowing. Then, by exerting force on the end plate 20, the bellows 19 is pressed together and thus the movable contact piece 21 is displaced onto the fixed contact piece 15. In this case, a deflecting surface 40 formed on the side of the stop lug 34 opposite the stop surface 33 hits the bolt 27 in the starting position, displaces it temporarily until the stop lug has again reached a position between the fixed contact piece 15 and the locking device 26. The bolt 27 can now return to its initial position, and thus the movable contact piece 21 is locked in the switch-on position.

Um die Schaltstellung des dargestellten Schalters 10 nach aussen hin sofort sichtbar zu machen, kann die dem Faltenbalg 19 abgekehrte Seite der Abschlussplatte 20 eine auffällige Farbe aufweisen oder mit anderen geeigneten Markierungen versehen sein.In order to make the switch position of the switch 10 shown immediately visible to the outside, the side of the end plate 20 facing away from the bellows 19 can have a striking color or can be provided with other suitable markings.

Die Ausführungsform der Fig. 4 unterscheidet sich von jener der Fig.1-3 dadurch, dass der Riegel 27 rein U-förmig ist. Die freien Schenkelenden 30, 31 des Riegels 27 sind untereinander durch ein Anschlagelement 41 aus einem nicht magnetisierbaren Material verbunden, an das in Einschaltstellung die Anschlagnase 34 ansteht. Dieses- Anschlagelement 34 kann durch eine drehbare Rolle gebildet sein, oder auch eine prismatische Form aufweisen. Wie der Fig. 5 leicht zu entnehmen ist, kann auch bei der Ausführungsform der Fig.4 mit einer Rolle als Anschlagelement 41 der Anschlagfläche 33 der Anschlagnase 34 eine neigung a gegeben werden, die dazu führt, dass durch die auf das bewegliche Kontaktstück 21 wirkende Kraft P eine auf den Riegel 27 der Kraft Q entgegenwirkende Kraft erzeugt wird. Auch in diesem Falle ist die Neigung a der Anschlagfläche 33 massgebend für die Ansprechschwelle des Schutzschalters.The embodiment of FIG. 4 differs from that of FIGS. 1-3 in that the bolt 27 is purely U-shaped. The free leg ends 30, 31 of the bolt 27 are connected to one another by a stop element 41 made of a non-magnetizable material, against which the stop lug 34 abuts in the switched-on position. This stop element 34 can be formed by a rotatable roller or can also have a prismatic shape. As can easily be seen in FIG. 5, in the embodiment of FIG. 4 with a roller as the stop element 41, the stop surface 33 of the stop nose 34 can be given an inclination a, which leads to the effect on the movable contact piece 21 Force P a force acting on the bolt 27 of the force Q is generated. In this case too, the inclination a of the stop surface 33 is decisive for the response threshold of the circuit breaker.

Claims (13)

1. Excess-current protective switch having a movable contact piece (21), which in the closed switch position engages a stationary contact piece (15), and which is under the influence of a force urging it in the open switch position, and further having locking means (26) which are releasable by excess-current and by means of which the movable contact piece (21) is blockable in a closed switch position, characterized in that the locking means (26) comprise a substantially U-shaped locking bar (27) of a low-retentivity material, said bar (27) surrounding with play the movable contact piece (21) and being shiftable in a direction transverse with respect to the current flow in the movable contact piece, at least one of the free ends (30, 31) of the legs of the U-shaped locking bar (27) being provided with a stop (32 ; 41) cooperating in the closed switch position with a catch (34) co-movable with the movable contact piece (21).
2. Protective switch according to claim 1, wherein the locking bar (27) has the shape of a horseshoe and wherein both of the free ends (30, 31) of its legs are provided with stop faces (32) (Fig. 1, 2).
3. Protective switch according to claim 1, wherein the stop of the locking bar (27) comprises a stop element (41) of a non-magnetizable material connecting the free ends (30, 31) of the legs of the locking bar (Fig. 4).
4. Protective switch according to claim 3, wherein the stop element is formed by a freely rotatable stop roller.
5. Protective switch according to claim 1, wherein the locking bar (27) is shiftable against a restoring force.
6. Protective switch according to claim 5, wherein the catch (34) is provided with a catch surface (33) and with a repelling surface (40) at the opposite side thereof.
7. Protective switch according to claim 5, wherein there is provided a magnet (37) for generating the restoring force acting on the locking bar (27).
8. Protective switch according to claim 5, wherein there is provided a spring (36) for generating the restoring force acting on the locking bar (27).
9. Protective switch according to claim 6, wherein the catch surface (33) of the catch (34) is inclined by an angle (a) with respect to the force (Q) generated by the current flow in the movable contact piece (21) and acting on the locking bar (37), such inclination acting against said force (Q).
10. Protective switch according to claims 2 and 9, wherein the stop faces (32) at the free ends (30, 31) of the legs of the locking bar (27) possess the same inclination as the catch surface (33) of the catch (34).
11. Protective switch according to claim 1, wherein the locking bar (23) is shiftably guided within a bearing sleeve (28) and wherein the movable contact piece (21) passes with play across the bearing sleeve (28).
12. Protective switch according to one of the claims 1-11, characterized by a tube shaped, sealed switch casing (11) containing a pressurized quenching gas, said casing being closed at one of its ends by a cap (13) carrying the movable contact piece (15) and at its other end by an extendable bellows (19) closed in turn by a plate (20), the movable contact piece (21) extending into the switch casing (11) being lengthwise movable therein and being secured to the plate (20), a guide plate (29) being provided within the switch casing, the guide plate (29) bearing the substantially U-shaped locking bar (27).
13. Protective switch according to claim 12, wherein there is provided a blast nozzle (38) secured within the switch casing (11) between the guide plate (29) and the stationary contact piece, said blast nozzle (38) being closed in the closed switch position by the movable contact piece (21).
EP81104965A 1980-10-17 1981-06-26 Circuit-breaker protecting against overcurrents Expired EP0050187B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH7766/80 1980-10-17
CH776680 1980-10-17

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0050187A2 EP0050187A2 (en) 1982-04-28
EP0050187A3 EP0050187A3 (en) 1983-02-09
EP0050187B1 true EP0050187B1 (en) 1985-02-20

Family

ID=4330158

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81104965A Expired EP0050187B1 (en) 1980-10-17 1981-06-26 Circuit-breaker protecting against overcurrents

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US4388507A (en)
EP (1) EP0050187B1 (en)
DE (1) DE3169025D1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0622087B2 (en) * 1987-05-25 1994-03-23 松下電工株式会社 Sealed contact device
FR2756968B1 (en) * 1996-12-09 1999-01-08 Gec Alsthom T & D Sa CIRCUIT BREAKER WITH REDUCED SF6 VOLUME

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2757261A (en) * 1951-07-19 1956-07-31 Westinghouse Electric Corp Circuit interrupters
US3002073A (en) * 1958-04-16 1961-09-26 Gen Electric Electric circuit interruption device and method
US3263042A (en) * 1963-02-18 1966-07-26 Westinghouse Electric Corp Electric control device with electromagnetic contact-biasing means
DE2503910C3 (en) * 1975-01-31 1980-11-27 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt Auto-pneumatic pressure gas switch
US4220935A (en) * 1978-10-16 1980-09-02 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Current limiting circuit breaker with high speed magnetic trip device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0050187A3 (en) 1983-02-09
US4388507A (en) 1983-06-14
EP0050187A2 (en) 1982-04-28
DE3169025D1 (en) 1985-03-28

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE3141324C2 (en) Circuit breaker
DE3119482A1 (en) "CIRCUIT BREAKER"
EP0450104A1 (en) High-speed circuit breaker
CH677045A5 (en)
EP1735803B1 (en) Switching device
DE3827306A1 (en) WATERPROOF SWITCHING DEVICE FOR ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS
DE69106986T2 (en) High voltage switch with self-blowing.
EP0050187B1 (en) Circuit-breaker protecting against overcurrents
DE1953789A1 (en) Compressed gas switch for maximum voltage
DE19817444C1 (en) MV load breaker switch for MV switchgear
WO1991015025A1 (en) Gas-driven power switch with power-assisted piston
DE2519092C2 (en) Circuit breaker with thermal and magnetic release
DE4322935A1 (en) Contact system for an electromagnetic switching device having a quick-action release
DE1588891B1 (en) PROTECTIVE DEVICE FOR THE THERMAL ELEMENT OF A CURRENT RELEASE
DE1189635B (en) Overcurrent switch for high currents
DE713419C (en) Procedure for interrupting a power circuit
EP1264322B1 (en) Contact system for a low-voltage switch device
DE717481C (en) Arc extinguishing device
DE69309174T2 (en) Circuit breaker with two concentric isolating chambers
DE1096469B (en) Electromagnetic quick release device for overcurrent switches, especially small circuit breakers
DE599870C (en) Electromagnetic overcurrent switch
DE102006036194B4 (en) Switching device with switching point pair
AT404647B (en) ELECTRIC CIRCUIT BREAKER
DE3810977C2 (en) Current-limiting switching device with electrodynamically opening switching elements
DE749657C (en) Electrical circuit arrangement

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB IT LI LU NL SE

PUAL Search report despatched

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB IT LI LU NL SE

RHK1 Main classification (correction)

Ipc: H01H 1/52

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19821227

RBV Designated contracting states (corrected)

Designated state(s): CH DE LI

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): CH DE LI

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 3169025

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19850328

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Effective date: 19870630

Ref country code: CH

Effective date: 19870630

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Effective date: 19880301