EP0049672B1 - Papiers et cartons enduits et procédé de fabrication - Google Patents
Papiers et cartons enduits et procédé de fabrication Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0049672B1 EP0049672B1 EP81401558A EP81401558A EP0049672B1 EP 0049672 B1 EP0049672 B1 EP 0049672B1 EP 81401558 A EP81401558 A EP 81401558A EP 81401558 A EP81401558 A EP 81401558A EP 0049672 B1 EP0049672 B1 EP 0049672B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- paper
- cardboard
- microspheres
- coating layer
- pigments
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
- B41M5/50—Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording
- B41M5/52—Macromolecular coatings
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
- D21H19/66—Coatings characterised by a special visual effect, e.g. patterned, textured
- D21H19/70—Coatings characterised by a special visual effect, e.g. patterned, textured with internal voids, e.g. bubble coatings
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
- D21H21/50—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by form
- D21H21/52—Additives of definite length or shape
- D21H21/54—Additives of definite length or shape being spherical, e.g. microcapsules, beads
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
- B41M5/50—Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording
- B41M5/502—Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording characterised by structural details, e.g. multilayer materials
- B41M5/508—Supports
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
- B41M5/50—Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording
- B41M5/52—Macromolecular coatings
- B41M5/5254—Macromolecular coatings characterised by the use of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. vinyl polymers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
- Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
- Y10T428/249971—Preformed hollow element-containing
- Y10T428/249972—Resin or rubber element
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/25—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
- Y10T428/254—Polymeric or resinous material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/26—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/27—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified weight per unit area [e.g., gms/sq cm, lbs/sq ft, etc.]
- Y10T428/273—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified weight per unit area [e.g., gms/sq cm, lbs/sq ft, etc.] of coating
- Y10T428/277—Cellulosic substrate
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
- Y10T428/3188—Next to cellulosic
- Y10T428/31895—Paper or wood
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
- Y10T428/3188—Next to cellulosic
- Y10T428/31895—Paper or wood
- Y10T428/31906—Ester, halide or nitrile of addition polymer
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31971—Of carbohydrate
- Y10T428/31989—Of wood
Definitions
- the present invention relates to paper or cardboard based on cellulosic fibers. It relates more particularly to a new paper or cardboard comprising at least one layer allowing or facilitating gravure printing. It also relates to a process for manufacturing these papers or cartons.
- Paper and cardboard are generally coated (or coated) in order to improve their mechanical properties in particular and / or allow printing.
- Known coated paper or cardboard has at least one coating layer containing pigments and binders.
- the most commonly used pigment is a clay, such as kaolin. Possibly other pigments are associated with it, such as calcium carbonate, titanium oxide, hydrargilite, talc, barium sulphate.
- the pigments are fixed to the paper using binders, for example a styrene-butadiene copolymer, an acrylic polymer, a vinyl acetate polymer, natural binders, starch, proteins, caseins, polyvinyl alcohols, or a mixture of these bodies.
- the coating layer of known coated paper or cardboard can also comprise dispersing agents which have been used for its manufacture from aqueous compositions.
- dispersing agents are for example tetrasodium pyrophosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate, low molecular weight polyacrylates, at levels of between 0.2 and 0.5% by weight relative to the pigments.
- the coating layer may also include agents capable of improving the water retention properties such as carboxymethylcellulose, alginates.
- coated paper or cardboard must have different depending on the printing method for which they are intended: rotogravure, offset, letterpress printing, flexographic printing, screen printing, etc.
- the ink In rotogravure, the ink is contained in small cells and its transfer by capillarity on the coated paper or cardboard can only be done if the periphery of each cell is in perfect contact with the latter. It was therefore important to use paper or cardboard coated with excellent smoothness. However, the smoothness obtained by calendering is higher the higher the pressure of the calender. It is however necessary to limit the calendering pressure in order to maintain a layer porosity sufficient for the printability of the coated paper or, in the case of cardboard, so as not to weaken certain physical characteristics or mechanical properties such as the thickness and / or stiffness. Or you have to use a paper or cardboard with a higher grammage of the order of 10 to 20%.
- the invention proposes a new coated paper or cardboard having an excellent aptitude for gravure printing, at the same time as good mechanical properties, without however being of excessive grammage.
- the paper or cardboard according to the invention comprises at least one coating layer containing hollow, expanded microspheres, filled with an inert gas that is to say which is not capable of reacting chemically with the walls of the microspheres .
- Document US-A-3 816 169 discloses a substrate, for example paper made opaque with the aid of a coating layer comprising opacifying microspheres of small diameter, less than 2 ⁇ m, containing pigments such Ti0 2 .
- the expanded microspheres according to the invention have a diameter of about 25 ⁇ m approximately. These hollow microspheres provide the coating layer with great flexibility or compressibility, much greater than that of conventional layers containing mineral pigments or that described in document US-A-3,816,169. This flexibility allows continuous contact between the coated paper or cardboard and the cells containing the ink during gravure printing, without the need for excellent smoothness.
- the coating layer can be an outer layer.
- the surface of the coated paper or cardboard has a high coefficient of friction which can be troublesome during the processing operations by preventing the sliding of the coated sheets.
- the absorption of inks and varnishes is important, which can alter the freshness and gloss of the print.
- the coating layer containing the microspheres is a sub-layer which is covered with an external film improving the surface properties of the paper or cardboard, for example sliding, gloss.
- This outer film is a known layer, for example a conventional coating layer based exclusively on mineral pigments, a film of an organic polymer loaded with pigments or not, or a film of an extruded organic polymer.
- this outer layer is very thin, so as not to alter the flexibility due to the coating layer containing the microspheres.
- microspheres used in the composition of the compressible layer are for example hollow microcapsules, the flexible wall of which consists of a polymer capable of softening by heating, such as polyvinylidene chloride, polystyrene, a copolymer based on vinylidene chloride. and acrylonitrile, containing inside an inert gas, for example isobutane, chlorofluorinated hydrocarbons, chlorinated derivatives, carbon dioxide.
- a polymer capable of softening by heating such as polyvinylidene chloride, polystyrene, a copolymer based on vinylidene chloride. and acrylonitrile, containing inside an inert gas, for example isobutane, chlorofluorinated hydrocarbons, chlorinated derivatives, carbon dioxide.
- the compressible coating layer containing microspheres can have a calculated average thickness of the order of 2 to 50 ⁇ m and more.
- the compressible coating layer comprises pigments of which 1 to 100% and preferably 25 to 100% by weight consist of hollow microspheres filled with an inert gas, the other conventional pigments being able to be mineral pigments such as clays such as kaolin, calcium carbonate, titanium oxide, hydrargilite, talc, barium sulphate.
- the compressible coating layer also comprises at least one binder and possibly other ingredients such as dispersing agents, agents capable of improving the water retention properties, etc.
- the compressible coating layer has a mass of 1 to 10 g and preferably 2 to 5 g per m 2 of surface.
- the paper can be coated on one of its faces with two or more coating layers containing microspheres.
- the paper or cardboard comprises a coating layer or sublayer containing microspheres on each of its faces.
- the invention also relates to a process for the production of coated paper or cardboard.
- the paper or cardboard is coated on one or both sides with an aqueous composition containing synthetic polymers in the form of hollow microspheres containing an inert gas, expandable with heat, at least one binder, if necessary other pigments and other conventional ingredients as mentioned above.
- the coated paper or cardboard is then dried at the softening temperature of the hollow microspheres, generally between 80 ° C and 120 ° C approximately. This drying lasts a few seconds, or more if necessary, and has the effect of causing the microspheres to expand.
- an aqueous composition is used containing microspheres already expanded beforehand after having undergone a heat treatment.
- a perfectly uniform and homogeneous layer is obtained which has a much greater flexibility than that of conventional layers based on mineral pigments.
- the coated paper or cardboard is advantageously covered with an external film and can also undergo a finishing operation such as calendering, brushing or superglazing.
- the coating process it is possible to use, for example, the air knife, the size press, the Champion coater, the Massey coater, the trailing scraper.
- Aqueous coating compositions are prepared with the components and in the proportions indicated in Table 1. The amounts are expressed per 100 parts by weight by weight of pigment (microspheres plus mineral pigments).
- the microspheres consist of hollow capsules made of polyvinylidene chloride or a copolymer of vinylidene chloride and acrylonitrile containing isobutane.
- the microspheres sold under the name SARAN by the company DOW CHEMICAL or the PVDC microspheres of the Swedish company KEMANORD are used.
- the expandable microspheres have an average diameter of 5 wm.
- compositions contain a binder which is a styrene-butadiene latex. They contain a thickener such as the carboxymethyl cellulose designated by the abbreviation CMC in the table. They also contain a lubricating agent such as a stearate. Finally, they contain a dispersant such as a polyacrylate.
- a binder which is a styrene-butadiene latex. They contain a thickener such as the carboxymethyl cellulose designated by the abbreviation CMC in the table. They also contain a lubricating agent such as a stearate. Finally, they contain a dispersant such as a polyacrylate.
- the dry extract of the aqueous compositions is generally between 10 and 30% by weight.
- a 150 g / cm 2 paper consisting of two jets of pulp, namely 100 g of bleached pulp and 50 g of unbleached pulp, is coated on the side of the bleached pulp using the aqueous compositions according to Table 1, prepared beforehand.
- the coated paper is then dried by a battery of driers at a temperature of 90 ° C for approximately 15 seconds, which has the effect of softening the microspheres and allowing their expansion to an average diameter of the order of 25 ⁇ m approximately then it undergoes a calendering by passage between two cylinders with a diameter of 25 cm exerting a force of 20 kg (196 N) per linear cm.
- the layer containing microspheres is advantageously coated with an external film, it is possible to equip the radiator grille with a water doctor who regularly distributes, at the time of calendering, an aqueous polyethylene emulsion at a rate of 2 g / m 2 .
- the paper is then conditioned at a temperature of 23 ° C in an atmosphere at 50% relative humidity.
- coated papers according to Examples 1 to 14 are examined from the point of view of their aptitude for heliographic printing.
- a suitable device is the IGT device of the “Voor Graphische Technick tno Amsterdam • institute. After having scraped the excess ink from a hollow engraved wheel, we print dynamically the coated paper to be tested under given pressure (300 N / 3 cm and 600 N / 3 cm) and speed (100 cm / s) conditions.
- Printing in plain area allows only a qualitative judgment that is difficult to express.
- the prints in dotted lines and in degraded range show the good printability of the papers according to the invention.
- Printing in dot lines determines the printability by the number of missing dots; the lower the number of missing dots, the better the impression. On the papers according to Examples 1 to 11, zero missing points are observed. On papers 12, 13 and 14, there are respectively 6, 11 and 12 missing points.
- Printing in degraded area determines the aptitude for printing by the distance between the start of printing, starting from the strong tone, and the first point of imitation unprinted; the greater the distance, the better the uniformity of the impressions.
Landscapes
- Paper (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Machines For Manufacturing Corrugated Board In Mechanical Paper-Making Processes (AREA)
- Steroid Compounds (AREA)
- Making Paper Articles (AREA)
Description
- La présente invention concerne les papiers ou cartons à base de fibres cellulosiques. Elle concerne plus particulièrement un nouveau papier ou carton comprenant au moins une couche permettant ou facilitant l'impression en héliogravure. Elle concerne encore un procédé de fabrication de ces papiers ou cartons.
- Les papiers et cartons subissent généralement une enduction (ou couchage) afin d'améliorer notamment leurs propriétés mécaniques et/ou d'en permettre l'impression.
- Les papiers ou cartons couchés connus présentent au moins une couche d'enduction contenant des pigments et des liants. Le pigment le plus couramment utilisé est une argile, tel le kaolin. Eventuellement d'autres pigments lui sont associés, tels le carbonate de calcium, l'oxyde de titane, l'hydrargilite, le talc, le sulfate de baryum. Les pigments sont fixés au papier à l'aide de liants, par exemple un copolymère de styrène-butadiène, un polymère acrylique, un polymère d'acétate de vinyle, des liants naturels, de l'amidon, des protéines, des caséines, des alcools polyvinyliques, ou un mélange de ces corps.
- La couche d'enduction des papiers ou cartons couchés connus peut encore comprendre des agents dispersants ayant servi à sa fabrication à partir de compositions aqueuses. De tels agents sont par exemple le pyrophosphate tétrasodique, l'hexamétaphosphate de sodium, les polyacrylates de bas poids moléculaire, à des taux compris entre 0,2 et 0,5 % en poids par rapport aux pigments.
- La couche d'enduction peut également comprendre des agents susceptibles d'améliorer les propriétés de rétention de l'eau tels, la carboxyméthylcellulose, les alginates.
- Les propriétés que doivent posséder les papiers ou cartons enduits différent selon le mode d'impression auquel ils sont destinés : héliogravure, offset, impression typographique, impression flexographique, sérigraphie, etc...
- En héliogravure, l'encre est contenue dans de petites alvéoles et son transfert par capillarité sur le papier ou le carton enduit ne peut se faire que si le pourtour de chaque alvéole est en contact parfait avec ce dernier. Il importait donc d'utiliser un papier ou un carton couché d'excellent lissé. Or le lissé obtenu par calandrage est d'autant plus élevé que la pression de la calandre est plus forte. Il est cependant nécessaire de limiter la pression du calandrage afin de maintenir une porosité de couche suffisante pour l'imprimabilité du papier couché ou encore, dans le cas des cartons, pour ne pas affaiblir certaines caractéristiques physiques ou propriétés mécaniques comme l'épaisseur et/ou la rigidité. Ou alors il faut utiliser un papier ou carton d'un grammage supérieur de l'ordre de 10 à 20 %.
- C'est pourquoi les papiers ou cartons couchés connus, c'est-à-dire enduits de compositions contenant des pigments minéraux, présentent généralement une aptitude médiocre à l'impression en héliogravure.
- L'invention propose un nouveau papier ou carton couché ayant une excellente aptitude à l'impression en héliogravure, en même temps que de bonnes propriétés mécaniques, sans pour autant être d'un grammage excessif. Le papier ou carton selon l'invention comprend au moins une couche d'enduction contenant des microsphères creuses, expansées, remplies d'un gaz inerte c'est-à-dire qui n'est pas susceptible de réagir chimiquement avec les parois des microsphères.
- On connaît d'après le document US-A-3 816 169, un substrat, par exemple du papier rendu opaque à l'aide d'une couche de revêtement comprenant des microsphères opacifiantes de faible diamètre, inférieur à 2 µm, contenant des pigments tels Ti02.
- Les microsphères expansées selon l'invention présentent un diamètre de l'ordre de 25 µm environ. Ces microsphères creuses procurent à la couche d'enduction une grande souplesse ou compressibilité, très supérieure à celle des couches classiques contenant des pigments minéraux ou à celle décrite dans le document US-A-3 816 169. Cette souplesse permet un contact continu entre le papier ou le carton couché et les alvéoles contenant l'encre lors de l'impression en héliogravure, sans qu'il soit nécessaire d'avoir un lissé excellent.
- La couche d'enduction peut être une couche externe. Dans ce cas cependant, la surface du papier ou carton couché présente un coefficient de frottement élevé qui peut être gênant lors des opérations de transformation en empêchant le glissement des feuilles enduites. En outre, l'absorption des encres et vernis est importante, ce qui peut altérer la fraîcheur et le brillant de l'impression.
- C'est pourquoi, avantageusement, la couche d'enduction contenant les microsphères est une sous-couche qui est recouverte d'une pellicule externe améliorant les propriétés superficielles du papier ou carton à savoir par exemple le glissement, le brillant. Cette pellicule externe est une couche connue, par exemple une couche d'enduction classique à base exclusive de pigments minéraux, un film d'un polymère organique chargé de pigments ou non, ou encore un film d'un polymère organique extrudé.
- De préférence, cette couche externe est très mince, pour ne pas altérer la souplesse due à la couche d'enduction contenant les microsphères.
- Les microsphères entrant dans la composition de la couche compressible sont par exemple des microcapsules creuses dont la paroi souple est constituée d'un polymère susceptible de se ramollir par chauffage, tel le chlorure de polyvinylidène, le polystyrène, un copolymère à base de chlorure de vinylidène et d'acrylonitrile, contenant à l'intérieur un gaz inerte, par exemple l'isobutane, des hydrocarbures chlorofluorés, des dérivés chlorés, du gaz carbonique.
- Suivant une caractéristique de l'invention, la couche d'enduction compressible contenant des microsphères peut avoir une épaisseur moyenne calculée de l'ordre de 2 à 50 µm et plus.
- Sous un des aspects de l'invention, la couche d'enduction compressible comprend des pigments parmi lesquels 1 à 100 % et de préférence 25 à 100 % en poids sont constitués de microsphères creuses remplies d'un gaz inerte, les autres pigments classiques pouvant être des pigments minéraux tels les argiles comme le kaolin, du carbonate de calcium, de l'oxyde de titane, de l'hydrargilite, du talc, du sulfate de baryum.
- La couche d'enduction compressible comprend également au moins un liant et éventuellement d'autres ingrédients comme les agents dispersants, les agents susceptibles d'améliorer les propriétés de rétention de l'eau, etc...
- Généralement, la couche d'enduction compressible a une masse de 1 à 10 g et de préférence de 2 à 5 g par m2 de surface.
- Pour augmenter la souplesse du papier, on peut l'enduire sur une de ses faces de deux couches d'enduction et plus contenant des microsphères.
- Suivant une caractéristique de l'invention, le papier ou carton comprend une couche ou sous-couche d'enduction contenant des microsphères sur chacune de ses faces.
- L'invention concerne également un procédé pour la fabrication de papiers ou de cartons enduits.
- Selon le procédé, on enduit le papier ou carton sur une de ses faces ou sur les deux par une composition aqueuse contenant des polymères synthétiques sous forme de microsphères creuses renfermant un gaz inerte, expansibles à la chaleur, au moins un liant, le cas échéant d'autres pigments et d'autres ingrédients classiques comme cités précédemment. On sèche ensuite le papier ou carton enduit à la température de ramollissement des microsphères creuses, comprise généralement entre 80 °C et 120 °C environ. Ce séchage dure quelques secondes, ou plus le cas échéant, et il a pour effet de provoquer l'expansion des microsphères.
- Dans une variante, on utilise une composition aqueuse contenant des microsphères déjà expansées au préalable après avoir subi un traitement thermique.
- On obtient une couche parfaitement unie et homogène qui présente une souplesse très supérieure à celle des couches classiques à base de pigments minéraux.
- Après séchage, le papier ou carton couché est avantageusement recouvert d'une pellicule externe puis peut encore subir une opération de finissage telle que le calandrage, le brossage ou le surglaçage.
- Pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé d'enduction, on peut utiliser par exemple la lame d'air, la size- press, la coucheuse Champion, la coucheuse Massey, la râcle traînante.
- D'autres caractéristiques et avantages apparaîtront dans la description suivante d'exemples selon l'invention.
- On prépare des compositions aqueuses d'enduction avec les composants et dans les proportions indiquées dans le tableau 1. Les quantités sont exprimées pour 100 parties pondérales en poids de pigment (microsphères plus pigments minéraux). Les microsphères sont constituées de capsules creuses en chlorure de polyvinylidène ou en un copolymère de chlorure de vinylidène et d'acrylonitrile contenant de l'isobutane. On utilise par exemple les microsphères commercialisées sous l'appelation SARAN par la Société DOW CHEMICAL ou encore les microsphères PVDC de la Société suédoise KEMANORD. Les microsphères expansibles ont un diamètre moyen de 5 wm.
- Les compositions contiennent un liant qui est un latex de styrène-butadiène. Elles contiennent un épaississant tel la carboxyméthyl-cellulose désignée par l'abréviation CMC dans le tableau. Elles contiennent également un agent lubrifiant tel un stéarate. Elles contiennent enfin un dispersant tel un polyacrylate.
-
- Un papier de 150 g/cm2, constitué de deux jets de pâte, à savoir 100 g de pâte blanchie et 50 g de pâte écrue est enduit sur le côté de la pâte blanchie à l'aide des compositions aqueuses selon le tableau 1, préparées au préalable.
- Le papier enduit est ensuite séché par une batterie de sécheurs à une température de 90 °C pendant 15 secondes environ, ce qui a pour effet de ramollir les microsphères et de permettre leur dilatation jusqu'à un diamètre moyen de l'ordre de 25 um environ puis il subit un calandrage par passage entre deux cylindres d'un diamètre de 25 cm exerçant une force de 20 kg (196 N) par cm linéaire.
- Lorsqu'avantageusement la couche contenant des microsphères est revêtue d'une pellicule externe, on peut équiper la calandre d'un docteur d'eau qui distribue régulièrement, au moment du calandrage par exemple, une émulsion aqueuse de polyéthylène à raison de 2 g/m2.
- On peut encore extruder un film d'un polymère organique par exemple du polyéthylène puis l'appliquer sur la couche contenant les microsphères.
- Le papier est ensuite conditionné à la température de 23 °C dans une atmosphère à 50 % d'humidité relative.
-
- Les papiers enduits selon les exemples 1 à 14 sont examinés au point de vue de leur aptitude à l'impression héliographique.
- Pour effectuer ces tests, on utilise un appareil mettant en oeuvre le principe du procédé d'impression héliographique. Un appareil convenable est l'appareil IGT de « l'institut Voor Graphische Technick tno Amsterdam •. Après avoir raclé l'excès d'encre d'une molette gravée en creux, on imprime dynamiquement le papier couché à tester dans des conditions de pression (300 N/3 cm et 600 N/3 cm ) et de vitesse (100 cm/s) données.
- Trois types de gravure sont réunies sur la même molette : une plage unie à trame conventionnelle, une plage dégradée à trame, des lignes de points.
- On examine les papiers sur lesquels a été effectuée l'impression.
- L'impression en plage unie ne permet qu'un jugement qualitatif difficile à exprimer. Par contre les impressions en lignes de points et en plage dégradée montrent la bonne aptitude à l'impression des papiers selon l'invention.
- L'impression en lignes de points détermine l'aptitude à l'impression par le nombre de points manquants ; plus le nombre de points manquants est faible, meilleure est l'impression. Sur les papiers selon les exemples 1 à 11, on observe zéro point manquant. Sur les papiers 12, 13 et 14, on observe respectivement 6, 11 et 12 points manquants.
- L'impression en plage dégradée détermine l'aptitude à l'impression par la distance entre le début de l'impression, en partant du ton fort, et le premier point de simili non imprimé ; plus la distance est grande, meilleure est l'uni des impressions. Sur les papiers selon les exemples 1 à 11, il n'y a jamais de point de simili non imprimé. Pour les papiers réalisés selon les exemples 12 à 14, on note respectivement 24, 45 et 35 mm.
Claims (12)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT81401558T ATE12531T1 (de) | 1980-10-08 | 1981-10-08 | Beschichtete papiere und pappen und verfahren zu deren herstellung. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8021464 | 1980-10-08 | ||
FR8021464A FR2491514A1 (fr) | 1980-10-08 | 1980-10-08 | Papiers et cartons enduits et procede de fabrication |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0049672A1 EP0049672A1 (fr) | 1982-04-14 |
EP0049672B1 true EP0049672B1 (fr) | 1985-04-03 |
Family
ID=9246651
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP81401558A Expired EP0049672B1 (fr) | 1980-10-08 | 1981-10-08 | Papiers et cartons enduits et procédé de fabrication |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4477518A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0049672B1 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE12531T1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE3169705D1 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES506092A0 (fr) |
FI (1) | FI68102B (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2491514A1 (fr) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8317976B2 (en) | 2000-01-26 | 2012-11-27 | International Paper Company | Cut resistant paper and paper articles and method for making same |
US8377526B2 (en) | 2005-03-11 | 2013-02-19 | International Paper Company | Compositions containing expandable microspheres and an ionic compound, as well as methods of making and using the same |
US8382945B2 (en) | 2008-08-28 | 2013-02-26 | International Paper Company | Expandable microspheres and methods of making and using the same |
US8460512B2 (en) | 2002-09-13 | 2013-06-11 | International Paper Company | Paper with improved stiffness and bulk and method for making same |
Families Citing this family (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SE453206B (sv) * | 1983-10-21 | 1988-01-18 | Valmet Paper Machinery Inc | Hygienpappersbana, forfarande for framstellning derav samt anvendning av expanderbara mikrosferer av termoplast vid framstellning av hygienpappersbana |
US4753831A (en) * | 1986-02-10 | 1988-06-28 | Otsuka Foods Co., Ltd. | Cardboard container with anti-slip property |
FR2675405B1 (fr) * | 1991-04-18 | 1994-10-14 | Elce Ets | Procede pour realiser un support plan dont l'une des faces presente des proprietes anti-glisse et dont l'autre presente des proprietes adhesives et support ainsi obtenu. |
US5360825A (en) * | 1992-02-14 | 1994-11-01 | Sony Corporation | Pulp molding |
US5342649A (en) * | 1993-01-15 | 1994-08-30 | International Paper Company | Coated base paper for use in the manufacture of low heat thermal printing paper |
US5912205A (en) * | 1997-01-30 | 1999-06-15 | The Standard Register Company | Heat resistant security document |
US6919111B2 (en) * | 1997-02-26 | 2005-07-19 | Fort James Corporation | Coated paperboards and paperboard containers having improved tactile and bulk insulation properties |
US5932515A (en) * | 1997-11-25 | 1999-08-03 | The Mead Corporation | Recording paper incorporating hollow spherical plastic pigment |
US6531183B1 (en) * | 1999-07-28 | 2003-03-11 | Meadwestvaco Corporation | Method of producing high gloss paper |
DE19953707B4 (de) * | 1999-11-08 | 2007-12-27 | 4P Folie Forchheim Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Kunststoff-Folie |
US20060231227A1 (en) * | 2000-01-26 | 2006-10-19 | Williams Richard C | Paper and paper articles and method for making same |
FR2849657B1 (fr) * | 2003-01-03 | 2005-07-15 | Arjo Wiggins | Feuille possedant un aspect iridescent, et son procede de fabrication |
CA2577549C (fr) * | 2004-08-25 | 2017-02-21 | John Tsavalas | Procede pour fabriquer du papier en utilisant du latex a particules creuses agglomerees |
US20060060317A1 (en) * | 2004-09-20 | 2006-03-23 | International Paper Company | Method to reduce back trap offset print mottle |
DE102005057836B3 (de) * | 2005-12-03 | 2007-03-08 | Corvus Beschichtungssysteme Gmbh | Haftungsverbessernde Substanz und Verwendungen für Papier und Selbstdurchschreibepapier, Mikrokapselbeschichtungsmasse für Selbstdurchschreibepapier, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung |
WO2007130690A2 (fr) * | 2006-05-05 | 2007-11-15 | International Paper Company | Matériau à base de carton comportant des microsphères polymériques expansées |
RU2464176C2 (ru) * | 2007-02-21 | 2012-10-20 | Джонс Мэнвилл Юроп Гмбх | Композитные материалы, пригодные для непосредственного декорирования, способ их изготовления и их применение |
WO2008156519A1 (fr) * | 2007-06-18 | 2008-12-24 | Dow Global Technologies, Inc | Compositions de couchage du papier, papiers couchés et procédés |
RU2520338C1 (ru) * | 2013-05-29 | 2014-06-20 | Константин Сергеевич Сахаров | Бумажно-слоистый пластик (варианты) |
RU2520519C1 (ru) * | 2013-05-29 | 2014-06-27 | Константин Сергеевич Сахаров | Бумажно-слоистый пластик (варианты) |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3816169A (en) * | 1969-04-29 | 1974-06-11 | Champion Int Corp | Fibrous and non-fibrous substrates coated with microcapsular pacifier system and the production of such coated substrates |
FR2395141A1 (fr) * | 1977-06-21 | 1979-01-19 | Centre Tech Ind Papier | Feuille antiderapante et procede pour l'obtenir |
GB2016375B (en) * | 1978-01-27 | 1982-04-21 | Reed International Ltd | Gravure printing process |
-
1980
- 1980-10-08 FR FR8021464A patent/FR2491514A1/fr active Granted
-
1981
- 1981-09-30 US US06/307,182 patent/US4477518A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1981-10-07 ES ES506092A patent/ES506092A0/es active Granted
- 1981-10-07 FI FI813100A patent/FI68102B/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1981-10-08 DE DE8181401558T patent/DE3169705D1/de not_active Expired
- 1981-10-08 EP EP81401558A patent/EP0049672B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1981-10-08 AT AT81401558T patent/ATE12531T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8317976B2 (en) | 2000-01-26 | 2012-11-27 | International Paper Company | Cut resistant paper and paper articles and method for making same |
US8460512B2 (en) | 2002-09-13 | 2013-06-11 | International Paper Company | Paper with improved stiffness and bulk and method for making same |
US8790494B2 (en) | 2002-09-13 | 2014-07-29 | International Paper Company | Paper with improved stiffness and bulk and method for making same |
US8377526B2 (en) | 2005-03-11 | 2013-02-19 | International Paper Company | Compositions containing expandable microspheres and an ionic compound, as well as methods of making and using the same |
US8382945B2 (en) | 2008-08-28 | 2013-02-26 | International Paper Company | Expandable microspheres and methods of making and using the same |
US8679294B2 (en) | 2008-08-28 | 2014-03-25 | International Paper Company | Expandable microspheres and methods of making and using the same |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0049672A1 (fr) | 1982-04-14 |
DE3169705D1 (en) | 1985-05-09 |
FR2491514A1 (fr) | 1982-04-09 |
FI813100L (fi) | 1982-04-09 |
FR2491514B1 (fr) | 1985-02-22 |
ES8304245A1 (es) | 1982-09-01 |
FI68102B (fi) | 1985-03-29 |
US4477518A (en) | 1984-10-16 |
ES506092A0 (es) | 1982-09-01 |
ATE12531T1 (de) | 1985-04-15 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP0049672B1 (fr) | Papiers et cartons enduits et procédé de fabrication | |
EP0117054B1 (fr) | Méthode et appareil pour le couchage du papier et matière analogue | |
EP2231401B1 (fr) | Film aux proprietes barriere a l'eau, aux graisses, au gaz et a la vapeur d'eau | |
EP0395539B1 (fr) | Procédé d'obtention d'un support haut brillant et support obtenu | |
RU2490387C2 (ru) | Картон с малой объемной плотностью | |
EP2780507B1 (fr) | Sauces de couchage a base de dextrines partiellement solubles de haut poids moleculaire | |
EP0006390A1 (fr) | Procédé de préparation d'une feuille fibreuse par voie papetière en vue d'améliorer les liaisons et la rétention, feuille obtenue selon ce procédé et son application notamment dans le domaine du remplacement de l'amiante et des supports d'impression-écriture | |
EP1045068B1 (fr) | Papier couché à haute brillance et son procédé de préparation | |
US5922457A (en) | Matte finished coated paper and process for manufacturing the same | |
US3288632A (en) | Production of coated paper | |
CA2423827A1 (fr) | Traitement par mousse de produits en papier-linge | |
CA2181403C (fr) | Papier sulfurise couche et son procede de fabrication | |
EP1039025B1 (fr) | Feuille avec un touché peau imprimable à des cadences élevées et son procédé de fabrication et emballage la comportant | |
EP0989227A2 (fr) | Procédé de traitement des flocks d'un support flocké et produit obtenu par ce procédé | |
EP1825055A1 (fr) | Papier brillant | |
AU3123299A (en) | Dual ovenable packaging material | |
JPH0760905A (ja) | グラシン紙の製造方法 | |
CA2099871C (fr) | Feuille imprimable marquee couchee et son procede de fabrication | |
JP2593754B2 (ja) | 絵付け転写用紙 | |
EP1021621B1 (fr) | Papier ou carton a imprimabilite amelioree | |
BE421011A (fr) | ||
FR2461593A1 (fr) | Procede de fabrication d'un element de reproduction sensible a la pression | |
MXPA00003555A (en) | High gloss coated paper and process for its preparation |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB IT NL SE |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19820925 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB IT LI NL SE |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED. Effective date: 19850403 |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 12531 Country of ref document: AT Date of ref document: 19850415 Kind code of ref document: T |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 3169705 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 19850509 |
|
PLBI | Opposition filed |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009260 |
|
26 | Opposition filed |
Opponent name: AB CASCO Effective date: 19851211 |
|
NLR1 | Nl: opposition has been filed with the epo |
Opponent name: AB CASCO |
|
PLAB | Opposition data, opponent's data or that of the opponent's representative modified |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009299OPPO |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AT Payment date: 19861010 Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
PLAB | Opposition data, opponent's data or that of the opponent's representative modified |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009299OPPO |
|
R26 | Opposition filed (corrected) |
Opponent name: AB CASCO Effective date: 19851211 |
|
NLXE | Nl: other communications concerning ep-patents (part 3 heading xe) |
Free format text: IN PAT.BUL.05/86,PAGE 600:SHOULD BE MODIFIED INTO:CASCO NOBEL AB |
|
R26 | Opposition filed (corrected) |
Opponent name: CASCO NOBEL AB Effective date: 19851211 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Payment date: 19871031 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 19871210 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
RDAG | Patent revoked |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009271 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: PATENT REVOKED |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
27W | Patent revoked |
Effective date: 19871009 |
|
NLR2 | Nl: decision of opposition | ||
GBPR | Gb: patent revoked under art. 102 of the ep convention designating the uk as contracting state | ||
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: 7102 |
|
BERE | Be: lapsed |
Owner name: LA CELLULOSE DU PIN Effective date: 19881031 |
|
EUG | Se: european patent has lapsed |
Ref document number: 81401558.2 Effective date: 19890614 |