EP0046820B1 - Buckstay arrangement for a steam generator of rectangular cross-section - Google Patents

Buckstay arrangement for a steam generator of rectangular cross-section Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0046820B1
EP0046820B1 EP80105586A EP80105586A EP0046820B1 EP 0046820 B1 EP0046820 B1 EP 0046820B1 EP 80105586 A EP80105586 A EP 80105586A EP 80105586 A EP80105586 A EP 80105586A EP 0046820 B1 EP0046820 B1 EP 0046820B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bracing
flexible
bearers
bending
diaphragm walls
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Expired
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EP80105586A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0046820A1 (en
Inventor
Alfred Dr. Brunner
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Sulzer AG
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Gebrueder Sulzer AG
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22STEAM GENERATION
    • F22BMETHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/10Water tubes; Accessories therefor
    • F22B37/20Supporting arrangements, e.g. for securing water-tube sets
    • F22B37/208Backstay arrangements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a belt system for a steam generator provided with four flat membrane walls standing at right angles to one another, the system consisting of a plurality of belts enclosing the steam generator and distributed over its length, each of which, over a section, allows relative expansions with respect to the membrane walls of the steam generator circumference extending bending beams is assembled, which are connected at locations distributed over their length via pressure elements to the membrane walls, and at least some of the bending beams form a right angle.
  • Such a belt system is known from FIG. 6 of DE-AS 1 959800, all belts for a steam generator being constructed identically among themselves.
  • Each belt consists of four right-angled bending beams with legs of different lengths, the interfaces between the bending beams being arranged at the points where the bending moments disappear.
  • the individual bending beams are connected to each other by self-locking mechanical gears, whereby the membrane walls are to be relieved of tensile forces.
  • This belt system like the usual systems in which only straight beams are used, has the disadvantage that with approximately diagonal vibration excitation, e.g. can be caused by earthquakes, the membrane walls in the area of the interfaces of the bending beams are subjected to considerable bending stresses.
  • damping elements are disadvantageous because they are relatively expensive, require reinforcement of the boiler frame against buckling and can also be blocked, e.g. due to corrosion.
  • the embodiment of the invention as claimed in claim 2 is particularly advantageous since half of the total of the bending supports used are straight bending supports which are simple to manufacture, transport and assemble and are therefore very inexpensive.
  • each belt 6 consists of four straight bending beams 12 and each belt 7 consists of four bending beams 14 each forming a right angle (FIG. 3).
  • pressure elements 16 are provided which transfer gas-side pressure forces from the walls to the bending beams during operation of the steam generator, without these walls being subjected to excessive bending. In the event of deflagration, these pressure forces can be a multiple of the normal gas-side overpressure in the combustion chamber of the steam generator.
  • the composition of the successive tapes 6 and 7 is different in that four straight bending members 12 of the taping 6 alternate with four bending members 14 of the taping 7 each forming a right angle. Since the membrane walls 1 to 4 provide a certain resistance to local deflection from their plane, the alternating arrangement of straight and right-angled bending beams considerably stiffens the steam generator wall construction against diagonally acting forces. Stresses caused by diagonal forces in the membrane walls are distributed over the surface of the walls, so that inadmissibly high stress maxima cannot occur.
  • a belt consists of two right-angled bending beams 17, the legs of which are approximately the same length as the width of the adjacent membrane walls.
  • Such strapping can take the place of the straps 7 in FIG. 1.
  • the entire belt system of the steam generator can consist of belts according to FIG. 4, in that the bending beams 17 are each offset by 90 ° in the successive belt levels. 4 is that the apex of the bending beam 17 must be dimensioned in the event of deflagration to a smaller bending moment than in the case of Fig. 3.
  • the bending beams 17 are, however, heavier and somewhat unwieldy. Your legs can therefore only be rigidly connected to one another at the construction site.
  • the tapes according to FIGS. 5 and 6 represent a compromise between those according to FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • two right-angled bending beams 18, each with a short and a long leg are provided in one belt. They support three membrane walls 1 to 3, while the fourth membrane wall 4 is supported by a straight bending beam 13.
  • This taping can also be used alternately with the taping 6 according to FIG. 2. However, it can also be used exclusively in that the short legs of the two bending supports 18 alternately rest on the membrane wall 2 and on the membrane wall 4 in successive planes. However, it can also be expedient to let the short legs of the two bending supports 18 rest in succession on the four membrane walls 1 to 4 in successive planes. Consideration can be given to burners, inspection holes, insulation supports, cable routing, etc.
  • a single right-angled bending beam 17 is provided, the legs of which each extend over a full width of the adjacent membrane wall, while the other two membrane walls are supported by straight bending beams 15.
  • This taping can also alternate with those according to FIG. 2 or with tapes of the same or a different type, wherein it should preferably be ensured that the interfaces between the bending members of successive tapes are each offset from one another on the circumference of the steam generator.
  • each membrane wall consists of a series of vertical tubes 22 which are connected to one another in a gas-tight manner via webs 23.
  • a drawstring 24 welded to the tubes 22 is provided on the outside of the wall at the level of the bending beam.
  • a boomerang-shaped eyelet 26 is welded onto the drawstring 24 and has two bores.
  • a pin 31 to which a pair of tabs 28 and 30 respectively engage.
  • the other end of the pairs of tabs 28 and 30 is articulated on the adjacent end of the bending beam 17.
  • Each of the two bores in the eyelet 26 is aligned with one of the two rows of tubes of the membrane wall 1 or 2. Should be straight through the edge 20.
  • the pairs of tabs 28 and 30 form tension elements by means of which the bending beams 17 are tied to the membrane walls 1 and 2.
  • the same connection as shown in FIG. 7 also exists on the diametrically opposite edge 20 'in the region of the membrane walls 3 and 4.
  • a pressure element 16 is shown in FIG. 7. It consists of a U-profile 33 with an elongated hole 34 welded onto the bending beam 17 and a flat profile 36 with an elongated hole 37 welded onto the tension band 24.
  • the flat profile 36 projects between the two legs of the U-profile 33 in such a way that the two elongated holes overlap. In this overlap area there is a bolt 38 with a head at the upper end and possibly a split pin at the lower end.
  • the pressure element 16 thus formed can also take on certain tensile forces. It has so much play that the pin 38 can easily roll off in the elongated holes. If differences in expansion occur between the membrane walls and the adjacent bending supports 17 as a result of different temperatures, the tabs 28, 30 are positioned somewhat obliquely, which is indicated in FIG. 7 by solid and dash-dotted lines for the two extreme positions of the tabs 30. Since the tabs are made as long as possible, this inclination has no noticeable influence on the distance of the bending beams 17 from the adjacent membrane wall.
  • FIG. 9 and 10 show the apex of a right-angled bending beam 17 from FIG. 4 in the region of the edge 21.
  • two I-profiles have been used are welded together at right angles.
  • two triangular eyelets 40 are welded at a mutual distance parallel to the plane of the bending beam 17. They have a common bore 43.
  • a boomerang-shaped eyelet 42 with a bore 48 is welded onto the tension band 24 in the region of the edge 21.
  • a bolt 44 is in the aligned bores 43 and 48, which is prevented by a head 45 from falling through. It can be secured with a split pin, not shown, for which the bore 46 (FIG. 10) is provided.
  • the connection of the apex of the other bending beam 17 is formed in the region of the edge 21 ' (FIG. 4).
  • a pressure element 16 is also provided in accordance with FIG. 9, which is drawn approximately in its central position because the relative displacements between the membrane wall 3 and the adjacent bending beam 17 are very small in the area of the bending beam apex.
  • the cross section of the space 5 enclosed by the membrane walls could have a rectangular shape deviating from it instead of being square.
  • Pendulum supports could also be provided as pressure elements 16.
  • the tension band 24 could rest directly on the bending beams.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Tents Or Canopies (AREA)
  • Supports For Pipes And Cables (AREA)
  • Percussion Or Vibration Massage (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Gurtungssystem für einen mit vier ebenen, rechtwinklig zueinander stehenden Membranwänden versehenen Dampferzeuger, wobei das System aus mehreren, den Dampferzeuger umschliessenden und über dessen Länge verteilten Gurtungen besteht, von denen jede, Relativdehnungen gegenüber den Membranwänden zulassend, aus sich über einen Abschnitt des Dampferzeugerumfangs erstrekkenden Biegeträgern zusammengesetzt ist, die an über ihre Länge verteilten Stellen über Druckelemente mit den Membranwänden verbunden sind, und wobei mindestens einzelne der Biegeträger einen rechten Winkel bilden.The invention relates to a belt system for a steam generator provided with four flat membrane walls standing at right angles to one another, the system consisting of a plurality of belts enclosing the steam generator and distributed over its length, each of which, over a section, allows relative expansions with respect to the membrane walls of the steam generator circumference extending bending beams is assembled, which are connected at locations distributed over their length via pressure elements to the membrane walls, and at least some of the bending beams form a right angle.

Aus Fig. 6 der DE-AS 1 959800 ist ein solches Gurtungssystem bekannt, wobei alle Gurtungen für einen Dampferzeuger unter sich gleich aufgebaut sind. Jede Gurtung besteht aus vier je einen rechten Winkel bildenden Biegeträgern mit ungleich langen Schenkeln, wobei die Schnittstellen zwischen den Biegeträgern an den Stellen angeordnet sind, in denen die Biegemomente verschwinden. Die einzelnen Biegeträger sind durch selbsthemmende mechanische Getriebe miteinander verbunden, wodurch die Membranwände von Zugkräften entlastet werden sollen.Such a belt system is known from FIG. 6 of DE-AS 1 959800, all belts for a steam generator being constructed identically among themselves. Each belt consists of four right-angled bending beams with legs of different lengths, the interfaces between the bending beams being arranged at the points where the bending moments disappear. The individual bending beams are connected to each other by self-locking mechanical gears, whereby the membrane walls are to be relieved of tensile forces.

Dieses Gurtungssystem hat, wie auch die sonst üblichen Systeme, bei denen ausschliesslich gerade Biegeträger verwendet werden, den Nachteil, dass bei etwa diagonaler Schwingungsanregung, die z.B. durch Erdbeben hervorgerufen werden kann, die Membranwände im Bereich der Schnittstellen der Biegeträger erheblichen Biegebeanspruchungen unterworfen werden.This belt system, like the usual systems in which only straight beams are used, has the disadvantage that with approximately diagonal vibration excitation, e.g. can be caused by earthquakes, the membrane walls in the area of the interfaces of the bending beams are subjected to considerable bending stresses.

Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, solche zusätzlichen Biegebeanspruchungen der Membranwände auf ein zulässiges Mass zu vermindern.It is an object of the invention to reduce such additional bending stresses on the membrane walls to a permissible level.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäss durch die Merkmale des Kennzeichens des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.According to the invention, this object is achieved by the features of the characterizing part of claim 1.

Durch die erfindungsgemäss unterschiedliche Zusammensetzung aufeinanderfolgender Gurtungen bzw. unterschiedliche Anordnung der Biegeträger in den Gurtungen werden die genannten, etwa in Diagonalrichtung des Dampferzeugers wirkenden Kräfte in Biegebelastungen umgesetzt, die sich über grosse Bereiche der Membranwände gleichmässig verteilen und dementsprechend geringer sind als bei dem bekannten Gurtungssystem. Somit können auch lokal keine unzulässigen Spannungen auftreten, und zwar ohne dass neue Konstruktionselemente oder erhebliche konstruktive Verstärkungen nötig wären.Due to the different composition of successive tapes according to the invention or different arrangement of the bending supports in the tapes, the forces mentioned, which act approximately in the diagonal direction of the steam generator, are converted into bending loads, which are evenly distributed over large areas of the membrane walls and are accordingly lower than in the known belt system. This means that inadmissible tensions cannot occur locally, without new construction elements or significant structural reinforcements being necessary.

Es ist schon bekannt, Diagonalkräfte über Dämpfungselemente auf das Kesselgerüst abzuleiten. Solche Dämpfungselemente sind nachteilig, weil sie verhältnismässig kostspielig sind, eine Verstärkung des Kesselgerüsts gegen Knikkung bedingen und überdies blockiert werden können, z.B. durch Korrosion.It is already known to transfer diagonal forces to the boiler frame via damping elements. Such damping elements are disadvantageous because they are relatively expensive, require reinforcement of the boiler frame against buckling and can also be blocked, e.g. due to corrosion.

Weiter ist bekannt, die Biegeträger innerhalb einer Gurtung über Relativdehnungen zulassende, jedoch biegesteife Verbindungen zu kuppeln. Eine solche Lösung führt wohl zum Erfolg, sie ist jedoch verhältnismässig kostspielig.It is also known to couple the bending beams within a belt via connections which allow relative expansion but are rigid. Such a solution may be successful, but it is relatively expensive.

Als besonders vorteilhaft bietet sich die Ausführungsform der Erfindung nach Anspruch 2 an, da die Hälfte der insgesamt zur Verwendung kommenden Biegeträger gerade Biegeträger sind, die in Herstellung, Transport und Montage einfach und damit sehr kostengünstig sind.The embodiment of the invention as claimed in claim 2 is particularly advantageous since half of the total of the bending supports used are straight bending supports which are simple to manufacture, transport and assemble and are therefore very inexpensive.

Einige Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden in der folgenden Beschreibung anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigen jeweils in schematischer Darstellung:

  • Fig. 1 die Ansicht eines Dampferzeugers mit einem erfindungsgemässen Gurtungssystem,
  • Fig. 2 die Draufsicht des Dampferzeugers nach Fig.1,
  • Fig. 3 einen Horizontalschnitt nach der Linie 111-111 in Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 4 bis 6 je eine gegenüber Fig. 2 und 3 abgewandelte Gurtung mit einen rechten Winkel bildenden Biegeträgern,
  • Fig. 7 einen Ausschnitt im Bereich zweier aneinanderstossender Membranwände und der Schnittstelle zweier Biegeträger,
  • Fig. 8 einen Schnitt nach der Linie VIII-VIII in Fig. 7,
  • Fig. 9 einen Ausschnitt ähnlich dem in Fig. 7, jedoch im Bereich des Scheitels eines einen rechten Winkel bildenden Biegeträgers und
  • Fig. 10 einen Schnitt nach der Linie X-X in Fig. 9.
Some embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail in the following description with reference to the drawing. Each shows in a schematic representation:
  • 1 is a view of a steam generator with a belt system according to the invention,
  • 2 shows the top view of the steam generator according to FIG. 1,
  • 3 is a horizontal section along the line 111-111 in Fig. 1,
  • 4 to 6 each have a modified strap with respect to FIGS. 2 and 3 with bending beams forming a right angle,
  • 7 shows a detail in the area of two abutting membrane walls and the interface of two bending beams,
  • 8 shows a section along the line VIII-VIII in FIG. 7,
  • FIG. 9 shows a detail similar to that in FIG. 7, but in the area of the apex of a bending beam forming a right angle and
  • 10 shows a section along the line XX in FIG. 9.

Gemäss Fig. 1 bis 3 bilden vier vertikale Membranwände 1, 2,3,4 gleicher Abmessungen einen vertikalen, im Querschnitt rechteckigen Kanal 5 eines Dampferzeugers. Dieser Kanal kann an seinem unteren Ende in einen nicht gezeichneten, versteiften Boden übergehen. Das obere Ende des Kanals kann an einen Kamin anschliessen. Er ist insgesamt von dreizehn Gurtungen 6 und 7 umgeben, die zusammen ein Gurtungssystem bilden. Jede Gurtung 6 besteht gemäss Fig. 2 aus vier geraden Biegeträgern 12 und jede Gurtung 7 aus vier je einen rechten Winkel bildenden Biegeträgern 14 (Fig. 3). Zwischen den Biegeträgern 12, 14 einerseits und den benachbarten Membranwänden 1 bis 4 andererseits sind, über die Länge der Biegeträger bzw. über die Breite der Membranwände verteilt, Druckelemente 16 vorgesehen, die im Betrieb des Dampferzeugers gasseitige Druckkräfte von den Wänden auf die Biegeträger überleiten, ohne dass dabei diese Wände zu hoch auf Biegung beansprucht werden. Diese Druckkräfte können im Falle von Verpuffungserscheinungen ein Vielfaches des normalen gasseitigen Überdruckes in der Brennkammer des Dampferzeugers betragen.1 to 3, four vertical membrane walls 1, 2, 3, 4 of the same dimensions form a vertical duct 5, rectangular in cross section, of a steam generator. At its lower end, this channel can merge into a stiffened floor (not shown). The upper end of the channel can connect to a chimney. It is surrounded by a total of thirteen straps 6 and 7, which together form a strap system. According to FIG. 2, each belt 6 consists of four straight bending beams 12 and each belt 7 consists of four bending beams 14 each forming a right angle (FIG. 3). Between the bending beams 12, 14, on the one hand, and the adjacent membrane walls 1 to 4, on the other hand, distributed over the length of the bending beams or over the width of the membrane walls, pressure elements 16 are provided which transfer gas-side pressure forces from the walls to the bending beams during operation of the steam generator, without these walls being subjected to excessive bending. In the event of deflagration, these pressure forces can be a multiple of the normal gas-side overpressure in the combustion chamber of the steam generator.

Es gibt verschiedene Möglichkeiten, um die Biegeträger ihrerseits abzustützen, was weiter unten anhand der Fig. 7 bis 10 erläutert wird.There are several ways to do that To support the bending beam in turn, which is explained below with reference to FIGS. 7 to 10.

Wie Fig. 1 zeigt, ist die Zusammensetzung der aufeinanderfolgenden Gurtungen 6 und 7 unterschiedlich, indem vier gerade Biegeträger 12 der Gurtung 6 mit vier je einen rechten Winkel bildenden Biegeträgern 14 der Gurtung 7 miteinander abwechseln. Da die Membranwände 1 bis 4 einer lokalen Ausbiegung aus ihrer Ebene einen gewissen Widerstand entgegensetzen, wird durch die abwechslungsweise Anordnung gerader und rechtwinkliger Biegeträger die Dampferzeugerwandkonstruktion gegen diagonal auf sie wirkende Kräfte erheblich versteift. Durch Diagonalkräfte in den Membranwänden auftretende Spannungen werden über die Fläche der Wände verteilt, so dass keine unzulässig hohen Spannungsmaxima auftreten können.1 shows, the composition of the successive tapes 6 and 7 is different in that four straight bending members 12 of the taping 6 alternate with four bending members 14 of the taping 7 each forming a right angle. Since the membrane walls 1 to 4 provide a certain resistance to local deflection from their plane, the alternating arrangement of straight and right-angled bending beams considerably stiffens the steam generator wall construction against diagonally acting forces. Stresses caused by diagonal forces in the membrane walls are distributed over the surface of the walls, so that inadmissibly high stress maxima cannot occur.

Gemäss Fig. 4 besteht eine Gurtung aus zwei rechtwinkligen Biegeträgern 17, deren Schenkel etwa gleich lang sind wie die Breite der benachbarten Membranwände. Eine solche Gurtung kann jeweils an die Stelle der Gurtungen 7 in Fig. 1 treten. Es kann aber auch das ganze Gurtungssystem des Dampferzeugers aus Gurtungen gemäss Fig. 4 bestehen, indem die Biegeträger 17 in den aufeinanderfolgenden Gurtungsebenen jeweils um 90° versetzt angeordnet werden. Der Vorteil der Gurtung nach Fig. 4 liegt darin, dass der Scheitel der Biegeträger 17 für den Fall von Verpuffungen auf ein kleineres Biegemoment dimensioniert werden muss als im Falle von Fig. 3. Ausserdem treten bei Diagonalbelastung in halber Breite der Membranwand in der Biegelinie der Membranwand keine Wendepunkte auf. Die Biegeträger 17 sind allerdings schwerer und etwas unhandlicher. Ihre Schenkel können deshalb erst auf der Baustelle miteinander starr verbunden werden.4, a belt consists of two right-angled bending beams 17, the legs of which are approximately the same length as the width of the adjacent membrane walls. Such strapping can take the place of the straps 7 in FIG. 1. However, the entire belt system of the steam generator can consist of belts according to FIG. 4, in that the bending beams 17 are each offset by 90 ° in the successive belt levels. 4 is that the apex of the bending beam 17 must be dimensioned in the event of deflagration to a smaller bending moment than in the case of Fig. 3. In addition, when diagonally loaded half the width of the membrane wall in the bending line Membrane wall has no turning points. The bending beams 17 are, however, heavier and somewhat unwieldy. Your legs can therefore only be rigidly connected to one another at the construction site.

Die Gurtungen nach den Fig. 5 und 6 stellen einen Kompromiss zwischen denen nach den Fig. 3 und 4 dar.The tapes according to FIGS. 5 and 6 represent a compromise between those according to FIGS. 3 and 4.

Gemäss Fig. 5 sind zwei rechtwinklige Biegeträger 18 mit je einem kurzen und einem langen Schenkel in einer Gurtung vorgesehen. Sie stützen drei Membranwände 1 bis 3, während die vierte Membranwand 4 durch einen geraden Biegeträger 13 gestützt wird. Auch diese Gurtung kann abwechslungsweise mit der Gurtung 6 nach Fig. 2 eingesetzt werden. Sie kann jedoch auch ausschliesslich angewendet werden, indem in aufeinanderfolgenden Ebenen die kurzen Schenkel der beiden Biegeträger 18 abwechselnd an der Membranwand 2 und an der Membranwand 4 anliegen. Es kann aber auch zweckmässig sein, die kurzen Schenkel der beiden Biegeträger 18 in aufeinanderfolgenden Ebenen der Reihe nach an den vier Membranwänden 1 bis 4 anliegen zu lassen. Es kann dabei auf Brenner, Schaulöcher, Abstützungen der Isolation, Leitungsführung etc. Rücksicht genommen werden.5, two right-angled bending beams 18, each with a short and a long leg, are provided in one belt. They support three membrane walls 1 to 3, while the fourth membrane wall 4 is supported by a straight bending beam 13. This taping can also be used alternately with the taping 6 according to FIG. 2. However, it can also be used exclusively in that the short legs of the two bending supports 18 alternately rest on the membrane wall 2 and on the membrane wall 4 in successive planes. However, it can also be expedient to let the short legs of the two bending supports 18 rest in succession on the four membrane walls 1 to 4 in successive planes. Consideration can be given to burners, inspection holes, insulation supports, cable routing, etc.

Bei der Gurtung nach Fig. 6 ist ein einziger einen rechten Winkel bildender Biegeträger 17 vorgesehen, dessen Schenkel sich jeweils über eine volle Breite der jeweils benachbarten Membranwand erstrecken, während die beiden anderen Membranwände durch gerade Biegeträger 15 gestützt sind. Auch diese Gurtung kann mit solchen nach Fig. 2 oder mit Gurtungen derselben oder anderer Art abwechseln, wobei vorzugsweise darauf zu achten ist, dass die Schnittstellen zwischen den Biegeträgern aufeinanderfolgender Gurtungen jeweils am Umfang des Dampferzeugers gegeneinander versetzt angeordnet sind.6, a single right-angled bending beam 17 is provided, the legs of which each extend over a full width of the adjacent membrane wall, while the other two membrane walls are supported by straight bending beams 15. This taping can also alternate with those according to FIG. 2 or with tapes of the same or a different type, wherein it should preferably be ensured that the interfaces between the bending members of successive tapes are each offset from one another on the circumference of the steam generator.

In der Fig. 7 sind die Enden zweier Biegeträger 17 im Bereich der Kante 20 der Membranwände 1 und 2 von Fig. 4 gezeigt. Jede Membranwand besteht in diesem Falle aus einer Reihe vertikaler Rohre 22, die über Stege 23 miteinander gasdicht verbunden sind. Ausserdem ist in Höhe des Biegeträgers auf der Wandaussenseite ein an den Rohren 22 angeschweisstes Zugband 24 vorgesehen. Im Bereich der Kante 20 ist auf dem Zugband 24 eine bumerangförmige Öse 26 angeschweisst, die zwei Bohrungen aufweist. In den beiden Bohrungen steckt je ein Stift31, an dem je ein Laschenpaar 28 bzw. 30 angreift. Das andere Ende der Laschenpaare 28 und 30 ist am benachbarten Ende des Biegeträgers 17 angelenkt. Jede der beiden Bohrungen in der Öse 26 fluchtet hier mit einer der beiden Rohrreihen der Membranwand 1 bzw. 2. Es kann zweckmässig sein, diese Bohrungen in der Flucht der Zugbänder 24 anzuordnen oder nur eine einzige Bohrung vorzusehen, die dann auf einer 45°-Geraden durch die Kante 20 liegen müsste.7 shows the ends of two bending beams 17 in the region of the edge 20 of the membrane walls 1 and 2 of FIG. 4. In this case, each membrane wall consists of a series of vertical tubes 22 which are connected to one another in a gas-tight manner via webs 23. In addition, a drawstring 24 welded to the tubes 22 is provided on the outside of the wall at the level of the bending beam. In the area of the edge 20, a boomerang-shaped eyelet 26 is welded onto the drawstring 24 and has two bores. In each of the two bores there is a pin 31, to which a pair of tabs 28 and 30 respectively engage. The other end of the pairs of tabs 28 and 30 is articulated on the adjacent end of the bending beam 17. Each of the two bores in the eyelet 26 is aligned with one of the two rows of tubes of the membrane wall 1 or 2. Should be straight through the edge 20.

Die Laschenpaare 28 und 30 bilden Zugelemente, durch die die Biegeträger 17 an die Membranwände 1 und 2 gefesselt sind. Eine gleiche Verbindung, wie in Fig. 7 dargestellt, existiert auch an der diametral gegenüberliegenden Kante 20' im Bereich der Membranwände 3 und 4. In Fig. 7 ist überdies ein Druckelement 16 dargestellt. Es besteht aus einem am Biegeträger 17 angeschweissten U-Profil 33 mit Langloch 34 und einem am Zugband 24 angeschweissten Flachprofil 36 mit Langloch 37. Das Flachprofil 36 ragt zwischen die beiden Schenkel des U-Profils 33 derart, dass die beiden Langlöcher sich überlappen. In diesem Überlappungsbereich steckt ein Bolzen 38 mit Kopf am oberen Ende und gegebenenfalls einem Splint am unteren Ende. Das so gebildete Druckelement 16 kann auch gewisse Zugkräfte übernehmen. Es weist soviel Spiel auf, dass der Bolzen 38 in den Langlöchern leicht abrollen kann. Treten infolge unterschiedlicher Temperaturen Dehnungsunterschiede zwischen den Membranwänden und den anliegenden Biegeträgern 17 auf, so stellen sich die Laschen 28, 30 etwas schräg, was in Fig. 7 mit ausgezogenen und strichpunktierten Linien für die beiden Extremstellungen der Laschen 30 angedeutet ist. Da die Laschen möglichst lang ausgebildet sind, hat diese Schrägstellung keinen merklichen Einfluss auf den Abstand der Biegeträger 17 von der benachbarten Membranwand.The pairs of tabs 28 and 30 form tension elements by means of which the bending beams 17 are tied to the membrane walls 1 and 2. The same connection as shown in FIG. 7 also exists on the diametrically opposite edge 20 'in the region of the membrane walls 3 and 4. In addition, a pressure element 16 is shown in FIG. 7. It consists of a U-profile 33 with an elongated hole 34 welded onto the bending beam 17 and a flat profile 36 with an elongated hole 37 welded onto the tension band 24. The flat profile 36 projects between the two legs of the U-profile 33 in such a way that the two elongated holes overlap. In this overlap area there is a bolt 38 with a head at the upper end and possibly a split pin at the lower end. The pressure element 16 thus formed can also take on certain tensile forces. It has so much play that the pin 38 can easily roll off in the elongated holes. If differences in expansion occur between the membrane walls and the adjacent bending supports 17 as a result of different temperatures, the tabs 28, 30 are positioned somewhat obliquely, which is indicated in FIG. 7 by solid and dash-dotted lines for the two extreme positions of the tabs 30. Since the tabs are made as long as possible, this inclination has no noticeable influence on the distance of the bending beams 17 from the adjacent membrane wall.

In Fig. 9 und 10 ist die Scheitelpartie eines rechtwinkligen Biegeträgers 17 von Fig. 4 im Bereich der Kante 21 dargestellt. Für den Biegeträger 17 sind zwei I-Profile verwendet worden, die rechtwinklig zusammengeschweisst sind. Auf der Innenseite dieses rechten Winkels sind zwei dreieckförmige Ösen 40 mit gegenseitigem Abstand parallel zur Ebene des Biegeträgers 17 angeschweisst. Sie weisen eine gemeinsame Bohrung 43 auf. Zwischen die beiden Ösen 40 eingreifend, ist auf dem Zugband 24 im Bereich der Kante 21 eine bumerangförmige Öse 42 mit einer Bohrung 48 angeschweisst. Ein Bolzen 44 steckt in den fluchtenden Bohrungen 43 und 48, der durch einen Kopf 45 am Durchfallen gehindert wird. Er kann mit einem nicht gezeichneten Splint gesichert sein, wofür die Bohrung 46 (Fig. 10) vorgesehen ist. In gleicher Weise ist die Verbindung der Scheitelpartie des anderen Biegeträgers 17 im Bereich der Kante 21' (Fig. 4) ausgebildet.9 and 10 show the apex of a right-angled bending beam 17 from FIG. 4 in the region of the edge 21. For the bending beam 17, two I-profiles have been used are welded together at right angles. On the inside of this right angle, two triangular eyelets 40 are welded at a mutual distance parallel to the plane of the bending beam 17. They have a common bore 43. Intervening between the two eyelets 40, a boomerang-shaped eyelet 42 with a bore 48 is welded onto the tension band 24 in the region of the edge 21. A bolt 44 is in the aligned bores 43 and 48, which is prevented by a head 45 from falling through. It can be secured with a split pin, not shown, for which the bore 46 (FIG. 10) is provided. In the same way, the connection of the apex of the other bending beam 17 is formed in the region of the edge 21 ' (FIG. 4).

Auch gemäss Fig. 9 ist ein Druckelement 16 vorgesehen, das etwa in seiner Mittelstellung gezeichnet ist, weil im Bereich des Biegeträgerscheitels die Relativverschiebungen zwischen der Membranwand 3 und dem anliegenden Biegeträger 17 sehr klein sind.A pressure element 16 is also provided in accordance with FIG. 9, which is drawn approximately in its central position because the relative displacements between the membrane wall 3 and the adjacent bending beam 17 are very small in the area of the bending beam apex.

Es gibt neben den gezeichneten Ausführungsbeispielen eine ganze Reihe von weiteren Abwandlungsmöglichkeiten. So könnte der Querschnitt des von den Membranwänden umschlossenen Raumes 5 statt quadratisch eine davon abweichende rechteckige Form aufweisen. Als Druckelemente 16 könnten auch Pendelstützen vorgesehen sein. Ferner könnte das Zugband 24 direkt auf den Biegeträgern aufliegen.In addition to the illustrated exemplary embodiments, there are a whole range of further possible modifications. For example, the cross section of the space 5 enclosed by the membrane walls could have a rectangular shape deviating from it instead of being square. Pendulum supports could also be provided as pressure elements 16. Furthermore, the tension band 24 could rest directly on the bending beams.

Claims (7)

1. A bracing system for a steam producer having four plane diaphragm walls (1-4) disposed perpendicularly to one another, the system comprising a number of bracing elements (6, 7) which extend around the steam producer and are distributed along its length, each such element permitting expansion relatively to the diaphragm walls and being composed of flexible bearers (12, 14) which extend over a portion of the steam producer periphery and are connected at places along the length to the diaphragm walls by way of pressure elements (16), at least some of the flexible bearers forming a right-angle, characterised in that the composition of any bracing element (6, 7) differs from the composition of the adjacent bracing element and/or the arrangement of the flexible bearers (12, 14) in any one bracing element differs from the arrangement in the adjacent bracing element.
2. A bracing system according to claim 1, characterised in that consecutive bracing elements comprise alternately four straight flexible bearers (12) and four flexible bearers (14) which form a right-angle.
3. A bracing system according to claim 1, characterised in that at least one bracing element has at least one right-angled flexible bearer (17) whose arms are substantially the same length as the total width of the adjacent diaphragm wall.
4. A bracing system according to claim 3, characterised in that when only a single right-angled flexible bearer (18) is used in the bracing element, one straight flexible bearer (13) is associated with each of the other two sides of the steam producer.
5. A bracing system according to claim 1 characterized in that at least one bracing is provided which has a straight flexible bearer (13) and two flexible bearers (18) each forming a right-angle and having legs of different length, both shorter legs being allocated to one side of the steam producer periphery.
6. A bracing according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the flexible bearers are respectively connected via tension elements (24) to the diaphragm walls in the area of two adjacent diaphragm walls.
7. Bracing system according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the tension elements (16) are adjusted to transmit additionally tension forces between the flexible bearers and the diaphragm walls.
EP80105586A 1980-08-29 1980-09-18 Buckstay arrangement for a steam generator of rectangular cross-section Expired EP0046820B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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CH6507/80 1980-08-29
CH650780 1980-08-29

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EP0046820B1 true EP0046820B1 (en) 1983-11-23

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US (1) US4381735A (en)
EP (1) EP0046820B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS5774502A (en)
CA (1) CA1176519A (en)
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YU (1) YU152381A (en)

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US8333170B2 (en) * 2008-12-23 2012-12-18 Doozan Babcock Energy America, LLC Buckstay system
DE102011054718B4 (en) * 2011-10-21 2014-02-13 Hitachi Power Europe Gmbh Method for generating a voltage reduction in erected tube walls of a steam generator
CN102878546B (en) * 2012-07-24 2015-05-27 周丽琴 Device and method for preventing coking, pollution and corrosion on pipeline wall surface of boiler heating surface
EP3982043B1 (en) * 2017-10-16 2023-07-26 Sumitomo SHI FW Energia Oy Middle-supported boiler construction
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US4381735A (en) 1983-05-03
EP0046820A1 (en) 1982-03-10
JPS5774502A (en) 1982-05-10
CA1176519A (en) 1984-10-23
DE3065696D1 (en) 1983-12-29
YU152381A (en) 1984-04-30

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