EP0046505B1 - Cylinder for a reciprocating piston machine - Google Patents

Cylinder for a reciprocating piston machine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0046505B1
EP0046505B1 EP81105586A EP81105586A EP0046505B1 EP 0046505 B1 EP0046505 B1 EP 0046505B1 EP 81105586 A EP81105586 A EP 81105586A EP 81105586 A EP81105586 A EP 81105586A EP 0046505 B1 EP0046505 B1 EP 0046505B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cylinder
ring
cylinder head
barrel
reciprocating piston
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP81105586A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0046505A1 (en
Inventor
Rolf Dipl.-Ing. Eckert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz AG
Original Assignee
Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=6110299&utm_source=***_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0046505(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz AG filed Critical Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz AG
Priority to AT81105586T priority Critical patent/ATE6685T1/en
Publication of EP0046505A1 publication Critical patent/EP0046505A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0046505B1 publication Critical patent/EP0046505B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B77/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not otherwise provided for
    • F02B77/11—Thermal or acoustic insulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/02—Cylinders; Cylinder heads  having cooling means
    • F02F1/04—Cylinders; Cylinder heads  having cooling means for air cooling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cylinder for reciprocating piston machines with the features specified in the preamble of the first claim.
  • a generic internal combustion engine is known from DE-A 2 729 230. Parts of the cylinder and the exhaust gas channel which come into contact with the combustion gases are lined with a lining, in particular ceramic, which is suitable for thermal insulation.
  • a lining in particular ceramic, which is suitable for thermal insulation.
  • generic DE-A 2 729 230 deals with the problem of how this lining is to be attached to the walls of the piston, cylinder and cylinder head without the considerable difficulties arising from the different thermal expansion of the individual materials.
  • a resiliently deformable adhesive is proposed, since the lining always lies against the cylinder head or cylinder material on at least one side.
  • a cylinder is known in which a clamped ring between the cylinder head and cylinder tube is made of a material of higher strength and / or higher thermal conductivity than the rest of the cylinder.
  • This solves the problem of enabling improved heat dissipation from the cylinder head and lowering the wall temperature in the area of the highest position of the upper piston ring.
  • a special ribbing serves to further promote the transfer of heat to the cooling air.
  • Such increased heat dissipation in the area of the combustion chamber wall also has disadvantages.
  • increased fuel condensation and flame extinguishing on the extremely cooled inner wall of the cylinder and correspondingly higher HC emissions can be expected in cold start and part-load operation.
  • the high heat dissipation reduces the efficiency due to the reduced combustion chamber temperature.
  • the invention is based on the object of arranging a ceramic ring arranged in the region between the cylinder head and the cylinder tube in such a way that tensions between the cylinder head and the cylinder tube are reduced as far as possible due to different thermal expansion.
  • the large forces exerted by the cylinder head screws only act as compressive forces on the ceramic part, for which the material is well suited. This eliminates the fastening problems known from DE-A 2 729 230.
  • the forces caused by the combustion chamber pressure cause an undesirable tensile stress in the material, which, however, is completely evenly distributed due to the ring shape.
  • the ring is preferably designed such that it is not overrun by the upper piston ring, which could lead to damage even at very small joint steps. At the same time, this ensures that the upper piston ring rests on a well-cooled part of the combustion chamber wall at top dead center, so that overheating with the risk of oil carbon deposits is avoided.
  • the ceramic ring has the advantage that the heat flow from the cylinder head to the cylinder tube is prevented, so that the undesired additional heating of the cylinder tube in its upper region is avoided.
  • radial tension between the cylinder head and the heat-insulating ring is reduced by an interposed washer, which forms two sliding planes for micro-displacements, while the same can be achieved for stresses between the cylinder tube and the heat-insulating ring by an additional washer.
  • Sheet steel is well suited as a material for this.
  • the ceramic ring is preferably simply inserted with appropriate fitting parts between the cylinder head and the cylinder tube and is fully or partially exposed to the cooling medium.
  • the cylinder head and cylinder tube can usually be clamped or screwed together.
  • the ring is smooth and cylindrical on the outside even when the cylinder tube is otherwise ribbed.
  • the single figure shows an axial section through a cylinder head 1, a cylinder tube 2 and a ring 3 made of ceramic. Between the ring 3 and the cylinder head 1 there is an annular disc 4, while another ring plate 5 is shown exclusively in the left half of the section between the ring 3 and the cylinder head 2.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)

Abstract

A cylinder, for reciprocating piston engines, having a ring which is arranged between the cylinder head and the cylinder tube and forms a part of the inner wall of the cylinder. The ring is made of ceramic for heat insulating purposes.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Zylinder für Hubkolbenmaschinen mit den im Oberbegriff des ersten Anspruchs angegebenen Merkmalen.The invention relates to a cylinder for reciprocating piston machines with the features specified in the preamble of the first claim.

Aus der DE-A 2 729 230 ist eine gattungsgemäße Brennkraftmaschine bekannt. Hierbei sind mit den Brenngasen in Kontakt gelangende Teile des Zylinders sowie des Abgaskanals mit einer zur Wärmeisolierung geeigneten Verkleidung, insbesondere Keramik, ausgekleidet. Speziell beschäftigt sich die gattungsgemäße DE-A 2 729 230 mit dem Problem, wie diese Auskleidung an den Wandungen von Kolben, Zylinder und Zylinderkopf zu befestigen seien, ohne daß die erheblichen Schwierigkeiten, die durch die unterschiedliche Wärmedehnung der einzelnen Materialien entstehen, auftreten. Hierzu wird ein nachgiebig verformbarer Haftstoff vorgeschlagen, da die Auskleidung zumindest auf einer Seite immer am Zylinderkopf- bzw. Zylindermaterial anliegt.A generic internal combustion engine is known from DE-A 2 729 230. Parts of the cylinder and the exhaust gas channel which come into contact with the combustion gases are lined with a lining, in particular ceramic, which is suitable for thermal insulation. Specifically, generic DE-A 2 729 230 deals with the problem of how this lining is to be attached to the walls of the piston, cylinder and cylinder head without the considerable difficulties arising from the different thermal expansion of the individual materials. For this purpose, a resiliently deformable adhesive is proposed, since the lining always lies against the cylinder head or cylinder material on at least one side.

Aus der DE-A 2 630 225 ist hingegen ein Zylinder bekannt, bei dem ein eingespannter Ring zwischen Zylinderkopf und Zylinderrohr aus einem Material höherer Festigkeit und/oder höherer Wärmeleitfähigkeit als der übrige Zylinder hergestellt ist. Hiermit wird die Aufgabe gelöst, eine verbesserte Wärmeableitung aus dem Zylinderkopf zu ermöglichen und die Wandtemperatur im Bereich der Höchstlage des oberen Kolbenringes abzusenken. Eine besondere Verrippung dient hierbei zur weiteren Förderung des Wärmeübergangs an die Kühlluft. Eine derart verstärkte Wärmeabfuhr im Bereich der Brennraumwandung hat auch Nachteile. Zum einen ist im Kaltstart- und Teillastbetrieb mit verstärkter Brennstoffkondensation und Flammenverlöschung an der extrem gekühlten Zylinderinnenwand und dementsprechend höherer HC-Emission zu rechnen. Zum anderen wird durch die starke Wärmeableitung der Wirkungsgrad infolge der herabgesetzten Brennraumtemperatur gesenkt.From DE-A 2 630 225, however, a cylinder is known in which a clamped ring between the cylinder head and cylinder tube is made of a material of higher strength and / or higher thermal conductivity than the rest of the cylinder. This solves the problem of enabling improved heat dissipation from the cylinder head and lowering the wall temperature in the area of the highest position of the upper piston ring. A special ribbing serves to further promote the transfer of heat to the cooling air. Such increased heat dissipation in the area of the combustion chamber wall also has disadvantages. On the one hand, increased fuel condensation and flame extinguishing on the extremely cooled inner wall of the cylinder and correspondingly higher HC emissions can be expected in cold start and part-load operation. On the other hand, the high heat dissipation reduces the efficiency due to the reduced combustion chamber temperature.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen im Bereich zwischen Zylinderkopf und Zylinderrohr angeordneten Keramikring derart anzuordnen, daß Spannungen zwischen dem Zylinderkopf und dem Zylinderrohr aufgrund unterschiedlicher Wärmedehnung möglichst abgebaut werden.The invention is based on the object of arranging a ceramic ring arranged in the region between the cylinder head and the cylinder tube in such a way that tensions between the cylinder head and the cylinder tube are reduced as far as possible due to different thermal expansion.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des ersten Anspruchs gelöst. Die durch die Zylinderkopfschrauben ausgeübten großen Kräfte wirken ausschließlich als Druckkräfte auf das Keramikteil, für deren Aufnahme der Werkstoff gut geeignet ist. Dadurch entfallen die aus der DE-A 2 729 230 bekannten Befestigungsprobleme. Die durch den Brennraumdruck verursachten Kräfte bewirken im Material eine unerwünschte Zugspannung, die sich jedoch durch die Ringform vollkommen gleichmäßig verteilt. Dabei ist '--r Ring vorzugsweise so ausgeführt, daß er nicm vom oberen Kolbenring überlaufen wird, was bereits bei sehr kleinen Fugenstufen zu Schäden führen könnte. Gleichzeitig wird damit sichergestellt, daß der obere Kolbenring im oberen Totpunkt an einem gut gekühlten Teil der Brennraumwand anliegt, so daß sich eine Überhitzung mit der Gefahr des Ölkohleansatzes vermieden wird. Darüber hinaus hat der Keramikring den Vorteil, daß der Wärmefluß vom Zylinderkopf zum Zylinderrohr unterbunden wird, so daß die unerwünschte zusätzliche Aufheizung des Zylinderrohres in seinem oberen Bereich unterbleibt.This object is achieved by the characterizing features of the first claim. The large forces exerted by the cylinder head screws only act as compressive forces on the ceramic part, for which the material is well suited. This eliminates the fastening problems known from DE-A 2 729 230. The forces caused by the combustion chamber pressure cause an undesirable tensile stress in the material, which, however, is completely evenly distributed due to the ring shape. In this case, the ring is preferably designed such that it is not overrun by the upper piston ring, which could lead to damage even at very small joint steps. At the same time, this ensures that the upper piston ring rests on a well-cooled part of the combustion chamber wall at top dead center, so that overheating with the risk of oil carbon deposits is avoided. In addition, the ceramic ring has the advantage that the heat flow from the cylinder head to the cylinder tube is prevented, so that the undesired additional heating of the cylinder tube in its upper region is avoided.

Radiale Spannung zwischen Zylinderkopf und wärmedämmendem Ring werden erfindungsgemäß durch eine zwischengelegte Ringscheibe, die zwei Gleitebenen für Mikroverschiebungen bildet, abgebaut, während das gleiche für Spannungen zwischen Zylinderrohr und wärmedämmendem Ring durch eine zusätzliche Ringscheibe erreicht werden kann. Als Material hierfür ist Stahlblech gut geeignet.According to the invention, radial tension between the cylinder head and the heat-insulating ring is reduced by an interposed washer, which forms two sliding planes for micro-displacements, while the same can be achieved for stresses between the cylinder tube and the heat-insulating ring by an additional washer. Sheet steel is well suited as a material for this.

Der Keramikring ist vorzugsweise mit entsprechenden Einpaßteilen einfach zwischen Zylinderkopf und Zylinderrohr eingesetzt und ganz oder teilweise dem Kühlmedium ausgesetzt. Zylinderkopf und Zylinderrohr können dabei üblicherweise miteinander verspannt oder verschraubt sein. Zur deutlichen Verringerung des Wärmeübergangs an der Außenseite ist der Ring auch bei ansonsten verripptem Zylinderrohr an seiner Außenseite glatt und zylindrisch ausgeführt.The ceramic ring is preferably simply inserted with appropriate fitting parts between the cylinder head and the cylinder tube and is fully or partially exposed to the cooling medium. The cylinder head and cylinder tube can usually be clamped or screwed together. To significantly reduce the heat transfer on the outside, the ring is smooth and cylindrical on the outside even when the cylinder tube is otherwise ribbed.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand eines bevorzugten, schematischen Ausführungsbeispielsnähererläutert. The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of a preferred, schematic exemplary embodiment.

Die einzige Figur zeigt einen Axialschnitt durch einen Zylinderkopf 1, ein Zylinderrohr 2 und einen Ring 3 aus Keramik. Zwischen dem Ring 3 und dem Zylinderkopf 1 befindet sich eine Ringscheibe 4, während ausschließlich in der linken Hälfte des Schnittes zwischen dem Ring 3 und dem Zylinderkopf 2 ein weiteres Ringblech 5 gezeigt ist.The single figure shows an axial section through a cylinder head 1, a cylinder tube 2 and a ring 3 made of ceramic. Between the ring 3 and the cylinder head 1 there is an annular disc 4, while another ring plate 5 is shown exclusively in the left half of the section between the ring 3 and the cylinder head 2.

Im Zylinderkopf 1 sind der Einlaß- 6 und Auslaßkanal 7 mit eingesetzten Ventilsitzen 8 und 9 zu erkennen. Mit 10 ist die Lage des oberen Kolbenringes im oberen Totpunkt bezeichnet.In the cylinder head 1, the intake 6 and exhaust port 7 with inserted valve seats 8 and 9 can be seen. The position of the upper piston ring at top dead center is designated by 10.

Claims (4)

1. A cylinder for a reciprocating-piston engine, the cylinder having a ring (3) which for the purpose of thermal insulation is made of a ceramic material and which is disposed between the cylinder head (1) and the cylinder barrel (2) and forms a portion of the barrel's internal wall, characterized in that the ring (3) is not inserted into the cylinder barrel (2) but is a component which by itself forms the topmost section of the cylinder barrel.
2. A cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that an annular disc (4) is disposed between the ring (3) and the cylinder head (1).
3. A cylinder according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the external face of the ring (3) is entirely or partly exposed directly to the cooling medium, particularly cooling air.
4. A cylinder according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the external face of the ring (3) is cylindrical and smooth.
EP81105586A 1980-08-23 1981-07-16 Cylinder for a reciprocating piston machine Expired EP0046505B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT81105586T ATE6685T1 (en) 1980-08-23 1981-07-16 CYLINDERS FOR RECIPROCATING MACHINES.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19803031926 DE3031926A1 (en) 1980-08-23 1980-08-23 CYLINDER FOR LIFTING PISTON MACHINES
DE3031926 1980-08-23

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0046505A1 EP0046505A1 (en) 1982-03-03
EP0046505B1 true EP0046505B1 (en) 1984-03-14

Family

ID=6110299

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81105586A Expired EP0046505B1 (en) 1980-08-23 1981-07-16 Cylinder for a reciprocating piston machine

Country Status (4)

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US (1) US4462343A (en)
EP (1) EP0046505B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE6685T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3031926A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3236185A1 (en) * 1982-09-30 1984-04-05 Klöckner-Humboldt-Deutz AG, 5000 Köln PISTON PISTON ENGINE
US4831976A (en) * 1987-02-02 1989-05-23 General Motors Corporation Engine with valve seat inserts and method of retaining
US5072697A (en) * 1991-03-13 1991-12-17 Sputhe Alan C Sealing apparatus for an internal combustion engine
FI106972B (en) 1999-06-04 2001-05-15 Waertsilae Tech Oy Ab antipolishing
NZ562713A (en) * 2005-03-23 2009-10-30 M David Baker Utility scale method and apparatus to convert low temperature thermal energy to electricity
US20090077961A1 (en) * 2007-09-24 2009-03-26 Baker David M Heat Concentrator Piston and Chamber

Family Cites Families (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE636782C (en) * 1936-10-14 Michael Martinka Dipl Ing Working cylinder for internal combustion engines
GB178827A (en) * 1921-04-19 1923-05-10 Moteurs Gnome & Rhone Soc D Improvements in combustion chambers for internal combustion engines
US1814781A (en) * 1927-05-04 1931-07-14 Ass Elect Ind Internal combustion engine
US1872931A (en) * 1928-03-19 1932-08-23 Doherty Res Co Fuel supply for internal combustion engines
US2577022A (en) * 1945-11-22 1951-12-04 Sulzer Ag Piston ring
US3081754A (en) * 1961-02-14 1963-03-19 Georges Raymond Internal combustion engines, in particular of the constant pressure cycle type
DE1301655C2 (en) * 1965-01-12 1970-04-23 Daimler Benz Ag Internal combustion engine with fluid-cooled cylinder liners
US3408995A (en) * 1967-05-22 1968-11-05 Thomas A. Johnson Combustion chamber design and material for internal combustion cylinders and engines
JPS5332336B2 (en) * 1973-05-24 1978-09-07
DE2630225A1 (en) * 1976-07-06 1978-01-19 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag RIBBED CYLINDER FOR AN AIR-COOLED PISTON MACHINE
DE7621243U1 (en) * 1976-07-06 1980-02-21 Kloeckner-Humboldt-Deutz Ag, 5000 Koeln RIB CYLINDER FOR AN AIR-COOLED PISTON MACHINE
DE2729230A1 (en) * 1977-06-29 1979-01-11 Daimler Benz Ag Thermal insulation on IC engine parts - with stressed areas covered with ceramic bonded on with adhesive
DE2752633A1 (en) * 1977-11-25 1979-05-31 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag CYLINDER FOR A RECEPTACLE COMBUSTION MACHINE
DE2937788A1 (en) * 1979-09-19 1981-04-02 Klöckner-Humboldt-Deutz AG, 5000 Köln LIGHT METAL CYLINDER HEAD FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3162657D1 (en) 1984-04-19
US4462343A (en) 1984-07-31
DE3031926A1 (en) 1982-04-01
ATE6685T1 (en) 1984-03-15
EP0046505A1 (en) 1982-03-03

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