EP0045226B1 - Igniter plug started by rubbing or hot gases - Google Patents

Igniter plug started by rubbing or hot gases Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0045226B1
EP0045226B1 EP19810401044 EP81401044A EP0045226B1 EP 0045226 B1 EP0045226 B1 EP 0045226B1 EP 19810401044 EP19810401044 EP 19810401044 EP 81401044 A EP81401044 A EP 81401044A EP 0045226 B1 EP0045226 B1 EP 0045226B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
igniter plug
cover
plug according
perforation
pyrotechnic
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Expired
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EP19810401044
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0045226A1 (en
Inventor
Paul Philippe Cord
Etienne Dupin
Gilbert Caron
Alain Fauconnier
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Societe Nationale des Poudres et Explosifs
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Societe Nationale des Poudres et Explosifs
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Priority claimed from FR8016775A external-priority patent/FR2487968A1/en
Priority claimed from FR8027753A external-priority patent/FR2497337A2/en
Application filed by Societe Nationale des Poudres et Explosifs filed Critical Societe Nationale des Poudres et Explosifs
Publication of EP0045226A1 publication Critical patent/EP0045226A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C14/00—Mechanical fuzes characterised by the ammunition class or type
    • F42C14/02—Mechanical fuzes characterised by the ammunition class or type for hand grenades
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
    • F42B3/10—Initiators therefor
    • F42B3/117—Initiators therefor activated by friction

Definitions

  • the removable cover 4a which is also made of polyethylene, has a hexagonal section and has a partially threaded internal recess defining an expansion chamber 10a of approximately 1 cm 3.
  • the bottom of this cover is provided with an axial perforation 11a , and its outer surface comprises a counterbore which receives the disc 12, the upper face of which is covered by the composition 13 which constitutes the wiper of the pyrotechnic match.
  • This disc is made of polyethylene and has an inclined lateral surface so that it can be engaged in the counterbore of the cover, the periphery of which is machined obliquely, the sealing and the complementary fixing of this disc on the cover being ensured by gluing.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)

Description

L'invention concerne les bouchons allumeurs qui sont destinés à la mise à feu des articles. pyrotechniques, notamment des grenades d'intervention telles que les grenades fumigènes ou les grenades lacrymogène; ces bouchons allumeurs comprennent un corps creux recevant une chaîne pyrotechnique d'allumage qui est disposée longitudinalement et dont le premier élément est une composition sensible au frotte-. ment.The invention relates to igniter plugs which are intended for igniting articles. pyrotechnics, in particular intervention grenades such as smoke grenades or tear gas grenades; these igniter plugs comprise a hollow body receiving a pyrotechnic ignition chain which is arranged longitudinally and the first element of which is a composition sensitive to rubbing. is lying.

De tels bouchons allumeurs sont connus, et par exemple le brevet français 2 032 661 décrit une amorce dont le corps creux est une enveloppe cylindro-conique qui est remplie d'une substance inflammable et dont la partie extérieure du cône femelle est recourverte par une composition sensible au frottement, l'inflammation de cette composition étant assurée par la pénétration d'un cône mâle qui est maintenu en position dégagée par un soufflet souple. Une telle amorce peut être activée par un faible effort de poussée sur le cône mâle, ce qui convient bien pour une mise à feu manuelle, mais ne convient pas pour une mise à feu à partir d'un système de propulsion pyrotechnique tel qu'un fusil lance-grenade.Such igniter plugs are known, and for example French patent 2,032,661 describes a primer whose hollow body is a cylindrical-conical envelope which is filled with a flammable substance and whose outer part of the female cone is covered with a composition. sensitive to friction, the inflammation of this composition being ensured by the penetration of a male cone which is held in the released position by a flexible bellows. Such a primer can be activated by a slight pushing force on the male cone, which is well suited for manual firing, but is not suitable for firing from a pyrotechnic propulsion system such as a grenade launcher.

Des allumeurs comportant un couvercle, muni d'une perforation totale ou initialement borgne sont également connus par le brevet US 3,690,260, ce couvercle étant fixé à demeure sur le corps creux de cet allumeur, et résistant aux conditions thermodynamiques de systèmes d'éjection pyrotechnique des articles pyrotechniques, ce couvercle ménageant une chambre d'expansion au voisinage de la composition sensible de la chaîne d'allumage, et la perforation de ce couvercle débouchant dans cette chambre d'expansion.Igniters comprising a cover, provided with a total or initially blind perforation are also known from US Pat. No. 3,690,260, this cover being permanently fixed to the hollow body of this igniter, and resistant to the thermodynamic conditions of pyrotechnic ejection systems of pyrotechnic articles, this cover providing an expansion chamber in the vicinity of the sensitive composition of the ignition chain, and the perforation of this cover opening into this expansion chamber.

La présente invention a pour but de créer un bouchon allumeur polyvalent qui puisse être activé soit manuellement, soit à partir d'un système de propulsion ou d'éjection par gaz de combustion d'une charge pyrotechnique, et qui soit d'un maniement simple et fiable, le couvercle du bouchon allumeur selon l'invention étant muni d'une perforation calibrée et étant susceptible d'être ôté de ce bouchon afin de permettre à ce dernier d'être activé indifféremment, soit par frottement de la composition sensible, soit par les gaz chauds provenant d'une cartouche à blanc à travers la perforation.The present invention aims to create a versatile igniter plug which can be activated either manually, or from a propulsion system or ejection by combustion gas of a pyrotechnic charge, and which is simple to operate and reliable, the cover of the igniter plug according to the invention being provided with a calibrated perforation and being capable of being removed from this plug in order to allow the latter to be activated indifferently, either by friction of the sensitive composition, or by hot gases from a blank cartridge through the perforation.

L'invention se caractérisé en ce que d'une part le couvercle muni d'une perforation est suceptible d'être ôté du bouchon allumeur afin que ce dernier puisse être activé par frottement d'une composition sensible à la chaleur et au frottement, le diamètre de la perforation de ce couvercle étant compris entre 0,5 mm et 6 mm, et en ce que d'autre part le volume de la chambre d'expansion qui entoure la composition sensible extérieure au corps creux est supérieur à 0,2 cm3.The invention is characterized in that on the one hand the cover provided with a perforation is capable of being removed from the igniter plug so that the latter can be activated by rubbing a composition sensitive to heat and to friction, the diameter of the perforation of this cover being between 0.5 mm and 6 mm, and in that, on the other hand, the volume of the expansion chamber which surrounds the sensitive composition external to the hollow body is greater than 0.2 cm 3 .

Lorsque le système de propulsion pyrotechnique est un fusil lance grenade fonctionnant avec une cartouche génératrice de gaz telle que les cartouches "à blanc", il est nécessaire que le couvercle amovible et le corps du bouchon allumeur puissent résister durant quelques centièmes de seconde à des températures pouvant atteindre environ 3200° Kelvin et à des pressions pouvant atteindre 250 bars, et ces pièces peuvent être réalisées par exemple en acier, en duralumin ou en plastique renforcé.When the pyrotechnic propulsion system is a grenade launcher operating with a gas generator cartridge such as "blank" cartridges, it is necessary that the removable cover and the body of the igniter plug can withstand temperatures for a few hundredths of a second up to around 3200 ° Kelvin and at pressures up to 250 bar, and these parts can be made for example of steel, duralumin or reinforced plastic.

Selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention, la perforation qui débouche dans la chambre d'expansion est totalement préformée et est initialement libre.According to a first embodiment of the invention, the perforation which opens into the expansion chamber is completely preformed and is initially free.

Selon un second mode de réalisation, qui est préférentiel, le perforation initialement ne débouche pas totalement et n'est formée définitivement qu'au moment de l'application des conditions thermodynamiques des systèmes d'éjection pyrotechnique.According to a second embodiment, which is preferential, the perforation initially does not open completely and is not formed definitively until the application of the thermodynamic conditions of the pyrotechnic ejection systems.

Plus particulièrement le couvercle comporte au moins une perforation longitudinale, et avantageusement ce couvercle ne comporte qu'une unique perforation longitudinale située dans le prolongement de la chaîne pyrotechnique d'allumage, le diamètre de cette perforation longitudinale ayant un diamètre compris entre 1, 2 et 3 millimètres.More particularly, the cover has at least one longitudinal perforation, and advantageously this cover only has a single longitudinal perforation situated in the extension of the pyrotechnic ignition chain, the diameter of this longitudinal perforation having a diameter of between 1, 2 and 3 millimeters.

Avantageusement la chambre d'expansion est limitée par une surface de révolution, notamment cylindrique, et le volme de cette chambre est compris entre 0,5 et 3,2 cm3, les plus grands volumes étant avantageusement combinés avec les plus grands diamètres de perforation indiqués ci-dessus.Advantageously, the expansion chamber is limited by a surface of revolution, in particular cylindrical, and the volume of this chamber is between 0.5 and 3.2 cm 3 , the largest volumes being advantageously combined with the largest perforation diameters indicated above.

La chaîne pyrotechnique d'allumage peut être constituée par une allumette pyrotechnique telle que celles qui sont disponibles dans le commerce, et aucune transformation de cette allumette n'est nécessaire dans la mesure où une chambre d'expansion est utilisée en combinaison avec au moins une perforation, et, avantageusement, la composition sensible au frottement est inflammable par un apport calorifique inférieur à 20 joules, cette composition étant à base de chlorate de potassium, et la chaîne d'allumage comportant un retard pyrotechnique et une mèche pyrotechnique.The ignition pyrotechnic chain can be constituted by a pyrotechnic match such as those which are commercially available, and no transformation of this match is necessary insofar as an expansion chamber is used in combination with at least one perforation, and, advantageously, the composition sensitive to friction is flammable by a calorific contribution of less than 20 joules, this composition being based on potassium chlorate, and the ignition chain comprising a pyrotechnic delay and a pyrotechnic wick.

Les essais complémentaires de tirs au fusil lance-grenades effectués pour la mise au point définitive de ces bouchons allumeurs ont montré qui si l'utilisation de plastiques renforcés, par exemple par une charge de fibres de verre de très faible longueur, permettait de limiter l'érosion des parois de la perforation, il n'était néanmoins pas possible d'éviter totalement la projection de matière plastique dégradée sur la composition sensible au frottement de l'allumette pyrotechnique, mais il a été vérifié que cette projection ne gênait pas notablement la mise à feu de cette allumette pyrotechnique.The additional tests of shots with the grenade launcher carried out for the final development of these igniter plugs showed that if the use of reinforced plastics, for example by a load of glass fibers of very short length, made it possible to limit l erosion of the walls of the perforation, it was nevertheless not possible to completely avoid the projection of degraded plastic on the friction-sensitive composition of the pyrotechnic match, but it has been verified that this projection does not significantly interfere with the firing of this pyrotechnic match.

Selon la second mode de réalisation, il a été vérifié que la perforation du couvercle pouvait initialement ne pas déboucher totalement, et n'être formée définitivement qu'au moment de l'application des conditions thermodynamiques des systèmes d'éjection pyrotechnique, la projection de particules ou de matières dégradées ne perturbant pas d'une manière appréciable la mise à feu de l'allumette pyrotechnique du bouchon allumeur.According to the second embodiment, it has been verified that the perforation of the lid could initially not completely open, and not be formed definitively until the application of the thermodynamic conditions of the pyrotechnic ejection systems, the projection of particles or degraded materials not disturbing appreciably the firing of the pyrotechnic match of the igniter plug.

Selon une première forme de construction, la perforation est totalement préformée et est temporairement obstruée par des moyens destructibles dans les conditions thermodynamiques des systèmes d'éjection pyrotechnique, et, selon une seconde forme de construction, la perforation préformée correspond à une zone amincie du couvercle amovible, cette zone étant également destructible dans les conditions thermodynamiques des systèmes d'éjection pyrotechnique.According to a first construction form, the perforation is completely preformed and is temporarily obstructed by destructible means under the thermodynamic conditions of pyrotechnic ejection systems, and, according to a second construction form, the preformed perforation corresponds to a thinned area of the cover. removable, this zone also being destructible under the thermodynamic conditions of pyrotechnic ejection systems.

Plus particulièrement, lors de la mise en oeuvre de la première forme de construction, les moyens destructibles d'obstruction temporaire sont constitués par une lamelle, notamment un disque, par exemple en matière plastique, qui est fixée à l'extérieur du fond du couvercle, cette lamelle occupant avantageusement sensiblement la totalité de la surface du fond et constituant le frottoir du bouchon.More particularly, during the implementation of the first form of construction, the destructible temporary obstruction means consist of a strip, in particular a disc, for example made of plastic, which is fixed outside the bottom of the cover. , this strip advantageously occupying substantially the entire surface of the bottom and constituting the rubbing of the plug.

Plus particulièrement, lors de la mise en oeuvre de la seconde forme de construction, la zone amincie du couvercle amovible est située dans l'axe de ce couvercle, et la surface intérieure du fond du couvercle est au moins partiellement une surface sensiblement conique, ce couvercle étant avantageusement réalisé en matière plastique, et cette surface intérieure étant munie de nervures de renforcement qui peuvent être disposées radialement et ménager une zone libre autour du centre de ce couvercle.More particularly, during the implementation of the second form of construction, the thinned area of the removable cover is located in the axis of this cover, and the interior surface of the bottom of the cover is at least partially a substantially conical surface, this cover being advantageously made of plastic, and this inner surface being provided with reinforcing ribs which can be arranged radially and provide a free area around the center of this cover.

Dans ce qui suit, l'invention est exposée plus en détail à l'aide d'un dessin qui illustre les deux modes de réalisation, et pour lequel:

  • - la figure 1 représente en coupe longitudinale axiale un bouchon allumeur comportant une perforation axiale conforme au premier mode de réalisation de l'invention,
  • - la figure 2 est une coupe longitudinale axiale d'un bouchon allumeur conforme à la première forme de construction du second mode de réalisation selon laquelle la perforation est totalement préformée et est temporairement obstruée,
  • - la figure 3 est une coupe longitudinale axiale d'un couvercle de bouchon allumeur conforme à la seconde forme de construction d'un autre mode de réalisation, selon laquelle la perforation préformée correspond à une zone amincie de ce couvercle,
  • - la figure 4 est une demie vue de dessous de la surface intérieure du fond du couvercle représenté à la figure 3.
In what follows, the invention is explained in more detail using a drawing which illustrates the two embodiments, and for which:
  • FIG. 1 shows an axial longitudinal section of an igniter plug comprising an axial perforation in accordance with the first embodiment of the invention,
  • FIG. 2 is an axial longitudinal section of an igniter plug according to the first construction form of the second embodiment according to which the perforation is completely preformed and is temporarily obstructed,
  • FIG. 3 is an axial longitudinal section of an igniter plug cover according to the second embodiment of another embodiment, according to which the preformed perforation corresponds to a thinned area of this cover,
  • FIG. 4 is a half view from below of the interior surface of the bottom of the cover shown in FIG. 3.

Selon la figure 1 qui est sensiblement à l'échelle 3, le corps creux (1 ) est en acier doux à section hexagonale et comporte à chacune de ses extrémités un filetage, le filetage inférieur (2) étant destiné à la fixation du bouchon allumeur sur la grenade d'intervention, et le filetage supérieur (3) recevant le couvercle amovible (4). Le corps (1) est percé axialement, et l'allumette pyrotechnique (5) est fixée par collage dans cet alésage, cette allumette fabriquée et commercialsée par la société HENDRYCKX étant constituée par une gaine tubulaire épaulée (6) qui supporte la composition sensible au frottement (7) et qui reçoit un retard pyrotechnique de 3 secondes (8) et une mèche pyrotechnique (9) imprégnée de poudre noire.According to Figure 1 which is substantially on scale 3, the hollow body (1) is made of mild steel with a hexagonal section and has a thread at each of its ends, the lower thread (2) being intended for fixing the igniter plug. on the intervention grenade, and the upper thread (3) receiving the removable cover (4). The body (1) is pierced axially, and the pyrotechnic match (5) is fixed by gluing in this bore, this match manufactured and sold by the company HENDRYCKX being constituted by a shouldered tubular sheath (6) which supports the composition sensitive to friction (7) and which receives a pyrotechnic delay of 3 seconds (8) and a pyrotechnic wick (9) impregnated with black powder.

Le couvercle amovible (4) est également réalisé en acier doux à section hexagonale et comporte un chambrage intérieur fileté déterminant une chambre d'expansion de 1,1 cm3 (10), le fond de ce couvercle étant muni d'une perforation axiale (11).The removable cover (4) is also made of mild steel with a hexagonal section and has an internal threaded recess defining an expansion chamber of 1.1 cm 3 (10), the bottom of this cover being provided with an axial perforation ( 11).

Ce bouchon allumeur a été utilisé expérimentalement sur plusieurs types de grenade, notamment les grenades lacrymogènes fabriquées et commercialisées par la SNPE, et tous les tirs effectués ont été satisfaisants aussi bien les tirs manuels que les tirs à partir des fusils de calibre 7,5 mm ou 7,62 mm chargés avec des cartouches génératrices de gaz.This igniter plug was used experimentally on several types of grenade, in particular the tear gas grenades manufactured and marketed by the SNPE, and all the shots carried out were satisfactory as well the manual shots as the shootings from rifles of caliber 7.5 mm or 7.62 mm loaded with gas-generating cartridges.

Le tir manuel nécessite le dévissage du couvercle amovible (4) afin de pouvoir frotter la composition (7) qui initie la chaîne pyrotechnique d'allumage le frottoir pouvant être placé avantageusement sur la face extérieure supérieure de ce couvercle (4). Le tir à partir d'un tube de lancement muni d'un génératuer pyrotechnique de gaz s'effectue en laissant le couvercle amovible (4), les gaz de combustion pénétrant par la perforation (11) et déterminant un accroissement d'énergie suffisant pour enflammer la composition (7) tout en limitant le gradient de montée en pression de manière à ne pas pulvériser cette composition (7), et ces conditions de fonctionnement en tube de lancement seront mieux comprises en considérant les résultats des essais qui sont mentionnés ci-dessous.Manual firing requires unscrewing the removable cover (4) in order to be able to rub the composition (7) which initiates the pyrotechnic ignition chain, the wiper being able to be advantageously placed on the upper external face of this cover (4). The firing from a launch tube fitted with a pyrotechnic gas generator is carried out by leaving the removable cover (4), the combustion gases penetrating through the perforation (11) and determining an increase in energy sufficient to ignite the composition (7) while limiting the pressure rise gradient so as not to spray this composition (7), and these operating conditions in launch tube will be better understood by considering the results of the tests which are mentioned above. below.

Ces essais ont été effectués dans des conditions qui correspondent à l'utilisation, d'une part des grenades lacrymogènes SNPE modèles F2 et E2 équipées de bouchons allumeurs conformes à l'invention mais présentant des caractéristiques dimensionnelles différentes, et d'autre part du fusil français MAS 36, qui utilise des cartouches à blanc de 7,5 mm chargées de 0,63 gramme de poudre, et qui est muni d'un adaptateur de tir (tromblon) déterminant un volume libre total du canon et de l'adaptateur qui est de 140 cm3.These tests were carried out under conditions which correspond to the use, on the one hand of the SNPE tear gas grenades models F2 and E2 equipped with igniter plugs in accordance with the invention but having different dimensional characteristics, and on the other hand of the rifle French MAS 36, which uses 7.5 mm blank cartridges loaded with 0.63 gram of powder, and which is equipped with a firing adapter (blunderbuss) determining a total free volume of the barrel and the adapter which is 140 cm 3 .

Dans ces conditions expérimentales de tirs, la température initiale des gaz est de 3000° Kelvin et la pression des gaz dans l'adaptateur est de 50 bars. Les températures dans les différentes chambres d'expansion de même diamètre varient très peu et sont proches de 2600 degrés Kelvin. Les autres variables caractéristiques sont précisées dans le tableau qui suit, pour lequel:

  • . V est la volume de la chambre d'expansion, exprimé en centimètres cubes,
  • . D est le diamètre de la perforation axiale du couvercle amovible, exprimé en millimètres,
  • . t est le temps de remplissage de la chambre d'expansion, exprimé en secondes,
  • dP est le gradient de pression dans la chambre d'expansion, exprimé en bars par seconde,
  • J est l'accroissement d'énergie dans la chambre d'expansion, exprimé en Joules
    Figure imgb0001
Under these experimental shooting conditions, the initial gas temperature is 3000 ° Kelvin and the gas pressure in the adapter is 50 bars. The temperatures in the different expansion chambers of the same diameter vary very little and are close to 2600 degrees Kelvin. The other characteristic variables are specified in the following table, for which:
  • . V is the volume of the expansion chamber, expressed in cubic centimeters,
  • . D is the diameter of the axial perforation of the removable cover, expressed in millimeters,
  • . t is the filling time of the expansion chamber, expressed in seconds,
  • dP is the pressure gradient in the expansion chamber, expressed in bars per second,
  • J is the increase in energy in the expansion chamber, expressed in Joules
    Figure imgb0001

Ces différents essais réalisés au laboratoire ont été suivis par des essais réels de tir, avec des bouchons allumeurs réalisés en acier et en duralumin, et l'étude de l'ensemble des résultats obtenus montre qu'il est avantageux, d'une part d'utiliser des allumettes qui sont susceptibles de supporter un gradient de pression de 2 105 bars/seconde, et dont l'inflammation nécessite moins de 20 joules, et d'autre part d'utiliser un diamètre de perforation compris entre 0,5 et 6 mm en combinaison avec une chambre d'expansion qui présente un volume compris entre 0,2 et 3,2 cm3. L'étude de ces essais montre également qu'il existe un optimum de fonctionnement lorsque le rapport, entre le volume de la chambre de combustion (V) exprimé en cm3 et le diamètre de la perforation (D) exprimé en mm, est compris 0,3 et 0,5 les meilleurs dimensionnements théoriques figurant dans le tableau qui suit:

Figure imgb0002
et les meilleurs dimensionnements expérimentés sur de grandes séries d'essais correspondant au tableau qui suit:
Figure imgb0003
 These various tests carried out in the laboratory were followed by real firing tests, with igniter plugs made of steel and duralumin, and the study of all the results obtained shows that it is advantageous, on the one hand '' use matches which are likely to withstand a pressure gradient of 2 10 5 bars / second, and whose ignition requires less than 20 joules, and on the other hand to use a perforation diameter between 0.5 and 6 mm in combination with an expansion chamber which has a volume of between 0.2 and 3.2 cm 3 . The study of these tests also shows that there is an operating optimum when the ratio between the volume of the combustion chamber (V) expressed in cm 3 and the diameter of the perforation (D) expressed in mm, is understood 0.3 and 0.5 the best theoretical sizing shown in the table below:
Figure imgb0002
 and the best sizing tested on large series of tests corresponding to the following table:
Figure imgb0003

Selon la figure 2 qui est sensiblement à l'échelle 3, le corps creux la est en polyéthylène et présente dans sa partie centrale une section hexagonale tandis que chacune de ses extrémités est filetée, le filetage inférieur 2 étant destiné à la fixation du bouchon allumeur sur la grenade d'intervention, et le filetage supérieur 3 recevant la couvercle amovible 4. Le corps la est percé axialement, et l'allumette pyrotechnique 5 est fixé par collage dans cet alésage, cette allumette fabriquée et commercialisée par la sociéte HENDRYCKX étant constituée par une gaine tubulaire épaulée 6 qui supporte la composition sensible au frottement 7 et qui recoit un retard pyrotechnique de 3 secondes 8 et une mèche pyrotechnique 9 imprégnée de poudre noire.According to Figure 2 which is substantially on a scale of 3, the hollow body 1a is made of polyethylene and has in its central part a hexagonal section while each of its ends is threaded, the lower thread 2 being intended for fixing the igniter plug. on the intervention grenade, and the upper thread 3 receiving the removable cover 4. The body 1a is pierced axially, and the pyrotechnic match 5 is fixed by bonding in this bore, this match manufactured and marketed by the company HENDRYCKX being constituted by a shouldered tubular sheath 6 which supports the composition sensitive to friction 7 and which receives a pyrotechnic delay of 3 seconds 8 and a pyrotechnic wick 9 impregnated with black powder.

Le couvercle amovible 4a, qui est également réalisé en polyéthylène, présente une section hexagonale et comporte un chambrage intérieur partiellement fileté déterminant une chambre d'expansion 10a d'environ 1 cm3. Le fond de ce couvercle est muni d'une perforation axiale 11a, et sa surface extérieure comporte un lamage qui reçoit le disque 12 dont la face supérieure est recouverte par la composition 13 qui constitue le frottoir de l'allumette pyrotechnique. Ce disque est réalisé en polyéthylène et présente une surface latérale inclinée de manière à pouvoir être enclanchée dans le lamage du couvercle dont le pourtour est usiné obliquement, l'étanchéité et la fixation complémentaire de ce disque sur le couvercle étant assurées par collage.The removable cover 4a, which is also made of polyethylene, has a hexagonal section and has a partially threaded internal recess defining an expansion chamber 10a of approximately 1 cm 3. The bottom of this cover is provided with an axial perforation 11a , and its outer surface comprises a counterbore which receives the disc 12, the upper face of which is covered by the composition 13 which constitutes the wiper of the pyrotechnic match. This disc is made of polyethylene and has an inclined lateral surface so that it can be engaged in the counterbore of the cover, the periphery of which is machined obliquely, the sealing and the complementary fixing of this disc on the cover being ensured by gluing.

Les figures 3 et 4 correspondent à un second couvercle amovible, qui est adaptable sur le corps creux représenté à la figure 2, et qui conduit à des conditions de fonctionnement tout à fait semblables. Ce couvercle est entièrement en polyéthylène et peut être obtenu directement par moulage, seule la composition 21 constituant le frottoir étant rapportée sur la surface extérieure du fond. La surface latérale extérieure de ce couvercle est munie de cannelures verticales et le fond 22 est renforcé intérieurement par un ensemble de huit nervures radiales 23 à flancs parallèles se rejoignant en biseau. Ces nervures sont régulièrement réparties dans la chambre d'expansion 24 et ménagent une zone circulaire libre 25 dans la zone centrale du fond qui présente l'épaisseur la plus réduite, la surface intérieure de ce fond étant tronconique.Figures 3 and 4 correspond to a second removable cover, which is adaptable to the hollow body shown in Figure 2, and which leads to entirely similar operating conditions. This cover is entirely made of polyethylene and can be obtained directly by molding, only the composition 21 constituting the wiper being attached to the outer surface of the bottom. The outer lateral surface of this cover is provided with vertical grooves and the bottom 22 is internally reinforced by a set of eight radial ribs 23 with parallel sides joining at a bevel. These ribs are regularly distributed in the expansion chamber 24 and provide a free circular zone 25 in the central zone of the bottom which has the most reduced thickness, the inner surface of this bottom being frustoconical.

Les essais ont été effectués pour les bouchons allumeurs des figures 2 et 3 dans des conditions semblables à celles décrites ci-dessus pour le bouchon allumeur représenté à la figure 1, en utilisant des grenades lacrymogènes SNPE modèles F2 et E2 et le fusil fancais MAS 36 muni de son adaptateur de tir de grenades. Après les tirs, les couvercles amovibles ont été récupérés, et les perforations totalement formées par les gaz chauds des cartouches à blanc sont pratiquement cylindriques pour les deux formes de construction du second mode de réalisation du bouchon, mais si l'ouverture pratiquée dans les disques 12 est sensiblement circulaire et évasée, l'ouverture dans les bouchons tels que celui représenté à la figure 3 est irrégulière et à sensiblement la forme d'une étoile, cette forme étant d'autant plus marquée que les nervures sont résistantes et se terminent plus près de l'axe du couvercle du bouchon allumeur.The tests were carried out for the igniter plugs of FIGS. 2 and 3 under conditions similar to those described above for the igniter plug represented in FIG. 1, using tear gas grenades SNPE models F2 and E2 and the French rifle MAS 36 equipped with its grenade fire adapter. After the shots, the covers removable were recovered, and the perforations completely formed by the hot gases of the blank cartridges are practically cylindrical for the two forms of construction of the second embodiment of the plug, but if the opening made in the discs 12 is substantially circular and flared , the opening in the plugs such as that shown in Figure 3 is irregular and substantially the shape of a star, this shape being all the more marked as the ribs are resistant and end closer to the axis of the igniter cap cover.

Claims (14)

1. Igniter plug for pyrotechnic articles, particularly intervention grenades, which comprises a hollow body (1, 1 a) receiving a pyrotechnic ignition chain arranged lengthwise and the first component (7) of which is a heat- sensitive composition, the hollow body (1, 1 a) being extended by a cover (4, 4a) which withstands the thermodynamic conditions of the pyrotechnic ejection systems of the pyrotechnic articles, which provides an expansion chamber in the region of the sensitive composition of the ignition chain, and which is equipped with at least one perforation (11, 11 a, 25) opening out into this expansion chamber, the said plug being characterised in that, on the one hand, the cover (4, 4a) equipped with a perforation (11, 11 a, 25) is capable of being taken off the igniter plug in order that the latter may be activated by rubbing a composition (7) sensitive to heat and to friction, the diameter of the perforation in this cover being between 0.5 mm and 6 mm, and that, on the other hand, the volume of the expansion chamber (10, 10a) surrounding the sensitive composition (7) which is outside the hollow body is greater than 0.2 cm3.
2. Igniter plug according to Claim 1, characterised in that the diameter of the perforation (11, 11 a) is between 1,2 mm and 3 mm.
3. Igniter plug according .to Claim 1, characterised in that the volume of the expansion chamber (10, 10a) is between 0.5 and 3.2 cm 3 .
4. Igniter plug according to Claim 1, characterised in that pyrotechnic ignition chain is a pyrotechnic match (5).
5. Igniter plug according to either of Claims 1 or 2, characterised in that the composition (7) sensitive to heat and to friction is capable of being ignited by a heat input smaller than 20 joules.
6. Igniter plug according to Claim 1, characterised in that the perforation (11) is completely preformed and is initially free.
7. Igniter plug according to Claim 1, characterised in that the perforation (11 a) is completely preformed and is temporarily obstructed by means (12) which can be destroyed under the thermodynamic conditions of the pyrotechnic ejection systems.
8. Igniter plug according to Claim 1, characterised in that the perforation is preformed and corresponds to a thinned zone (25) of the removable cover.
9. Igniter plug according to Claim 7, characterised in that the destructable means (12) of temporary obstruction consist of a strip fixed outside the base of the cover and forming the friction surface (13) of the plug.
10. Igniter plug according to Claim 9, characterised in that the strip (12) is made of a plastics material.
11. Igniter plug according to Claim 8, characterised in that the inner surface of the base (22) of the cover is at least partly a substantially conical surface.
12. Igniter plug according to Claim 11, characterised in that the cover (22-23) is made of a plastics material.
13. Igniter plug according to either of Claims 11 or 12, characterised in that the inner surface of the base (22) of the cover is provided with strengthening ribs (23).
14. Igniter plug according to Claim 13, characterised in that the ribs (23) are arranged radially but provide a free zone (25) around the centre of the cover.
EP19810401044 1980-07-30 1981-06-30 Igniter plug started by rubbing or hot gases Expired EP0045226B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8016775A FR2487968A1 (en) 1980-07-30 1980-07-30 Ignition head for smoke or tear gas grenade - carries removable cap with hole for ignition gas generated in expansion chamber for use with grenade launcher
FR8016775 1980-07-30
FR8027753A FR2497337A2 (en) 1980-12-30 1980-12-30 Ignition head for smoke or tear gas grenade - carries removable cap with hole for ignition gas generated in expansion chamber for use with grenade launcher
FR8027753 1980-12-30

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0045226A1 EP0045226A1 (en) 1982-02-03
EP0045226B1 true EP0045226B1 (en) 1984-09-12

Family

ID=26221919

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19810401044 Expired EP0045226B1 (en) 1980-07-30 1981-06-30 Igniter plug started by rubbing or hot gases

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EP (1) EP0045226B1 (en)
BR (1) BR8104895A (en)
DE (1) DE3166016D1 (en)
PT (1) PT73449B (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2655139B1 (en) * 1989-11-30 1994-04-01 Alsetex Armement Etudes DELAY STOPPER FOR GRENADE HAND-THROUGH OR SHOTGUN.
KR102581020B1 (en) * 2022-08-10 2023-09-21 국방과학연구소 Igniter for thermocell and thermocell system including same

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH50089A (en) * 1909-12-06 1911-04-17 Siegfried Hoffmann Projectile with time fuse
GB191508708A (en) * 1915-06-12 1919-03-13 Frederick Marten Hale Improvements in and pertaining to Projectiles.
FR503172A (en) * 1917-01-24 1920-06-04 Eugene Andre Francois Naud Firing device for rifle grenades and similar devices
US1548693A (en) * 1924-05-15 1925-08-04 Fleming R Weaver Firing mechanism for pyrotechnics and the like
FR890779A (en) * 1939-12-02 1944-02-17 Pyrotechnische Fabriken G M B Rocket for projectile base
FR889122A (en) * 1942-12-16 1943-12-31 Pyrotechnische Fabriken G M B Special projectile propulsion charge ignition device
BE571129A (en) * 1957-09-20
GB1242227A (en) * 1968-02-08 1971-08-11 Imp Metal Ind Kynoch Ltd Missiles comprising a rocket motor and a warhead-arming delay device
US3690260A (en) * 1969-07-03 1972-09-12 Josef Prior Flame sensitive ignitor
FR2102570A5 (en) * 1970-08-10 1972-04-07 France Etat Gas solid retardants for fireworks - less sensitive to shock
US3741121A (en) * 1971-09-03 1973-06-26 Olin Corp Fusee cover

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PT73449B (en) 1982-08-19
PT73449A (en) 1981-08-01
EP0045226A1 (en) 1982-02-03
DE3166016D1 (en) 1984-10-18
BR8104895A (en) 1982-04-13

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