EP0044786A1 - Process and means for casting thin, chilled ribbons by continuous casting - Google Patents

Process and means for casting thin, chilled ribbons by continuous casting Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0044786A1
EP0044786A1 EP81401145A EP81401145A EP0044786A1 EP 0044786 A1 EP0044786 A1 EP 0044786A1 EP 81401145 A EP81401145 A EP 81401145A EP 81401145 A EP81401145 A EP 81401145A EP 0044786 A1 EP0044786 A1 EP 0044786A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
strip
box
enclosure
alloy
impact
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Granted
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EP81401145A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0044786B1 (en
Inventor
Pascal Fournier
Jean-Claude Peraud
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Pont a Mousson SA
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Pont a Mousson SA
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C45/00—Amorphous alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/005—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of wire

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the manufacture of thin ribbons by brutal casting and freezing, on a cold substrate running continuously, at high speed. It concerns in particular the obtaining of metallic materials, in the vitreous state, according to a process generally designated by the term of hyperhardening.
  • such an amorphous structure is obtained by projecting a jet of molten metal, which spreads out in the form of a very thin layer, on a cooled surface, good conductor of heat and moving at high speed.
  • the present invention aims to overcome these difficulties in using the hyper-tempering process on a moving belt, with a view in particular to implementing it under a controlled atmosphere, possibly under reduced pressure. It allows precise positioning of the moving strip, and makes its vibrations negligible, while at least partly ensuring its cooling, by placing opposite from at least one of the faces of this strip, a box having one or more orifices (holes, slots, etc.), through which a pressurized fluid, preferably a gas at low temperature, is ejected in the direction of the strip, in order to produce, between the latter and the box, a fluid cushion which maintains it without friction on said box, while ensuring its cooling, in particular by forming a fluid cushion using the Coanda effect.
  • This effect is described for example in an article of "Science and Life” of August 1974, pp. 68-73 (publ. Excelsior Publications 5, rue de la Baume Paris 8e).
  • the subject of the invention is therefore a device for hyper-dipping a metal or an alloy, when it is being shaped into a thin strip, this device comprising a strip moving at high speed below a pressure ejection orifice d '' a metal or an alloy in the molten state and being characterized in that, facing at least one of the faces of said strip and in the vicinity of the impact zone of the metal or of the molten alloy on this strip, is arranged at least one box comprising at least one orifice for ejecting a pressurized fluid, preferably at low temperature, creating between said strip and the box a fluid cushion which maintains it without friction on said box.
  • a box is placed upstream of the impact zone of the molten metal, and it can be advantageously located opposite the impact face, in particular in the case where it is desired to modify the nature of the gas of the boundary layer. in said area.
  • the eject holes for the pressurized fluid may consist of rectilinear slots or small holes, possibly aligned in one or more rows.
  • said strip will be constituted by a continuous metallic strip driven by a motor member such as a drum or a pulley and passing over one or more return members.
  • the return members will be constituted by fixed curved boxes comprising one or more orifices for ejecting a gas under pressure, preferably at low temperature, creating under said strip a cushion of Coanda effect gas, which keeps it at fixed distance from said box.
  • this will comprise, downstream of the impact zone of the molten metal and opposite the face opposite to the impact face, a Coanda effect box, preferably concave, arranged in such a way that the movable strip follows, following the impact of the liquid metal, a portion of path having a curvature corresponding to a concavity of the impact face of said strip, and thus tending, by inertial effect, to maintain the ribbon in intimate contact with the band.
  • the hyperhardening device lends itself particularly well to continuous hyperhardening under a controlled atmosphere, and in particular under reduced pressure.
  • the hyper-tempering device comprises an enclosure in which the pressure ejection orifice of the molten metal or alloy is disposed and which said strip passes continuously through.
  • An entry slit and an exit door are provided for the passage of the strip in said enclosure, as well as at least one orifice for controlling the atmosphere, capable in particular of serving as a vacuum outlet for working under pressure. scaled down.
  • This entry slot which aims only to allow the free passage of the support strip, of well defined section and position, can be produced in the form of various devices of the known art, such as seals, airlocks or chambers intermediates, which keep the air intake inside the enclosure low.
  • the exit door is of more delicate embodiment, because it must allow not only the passage of the support strip, but also that of the ribbon manufactured inside the enclosure.
  • a gas flow occurs, coming from outside the enclosure, which tends to peel off the tape from the tape and oppose its release, and therefore its recovery.
  • tests have shown that the difficulty is overcome when the distance between the zo no impact and the output is less than a critical value. This is generally quite low, of the order of a centimeter, and seems to correspond to the area where the ribbon is still hot enough to adhere to the strip.
  • the vacuum outlet (s) of the enclosure are disposed in the immediate vicinity of the exit door.
  • these vacuum connections are arranged, in identical pairs, symmetrically with respect to the support strip, and near its edges.
  • awnings are particularly advantageous, because it makes it possible to place the lateral vacuum sockets, located in the vicinity of the outlet and on either side of the strip, in very direct communication with the slot through which the ribbon leaves the enclosure.
  • FIG. 1 On which we see a crucible 1, surrounded externally by a solenoid 2, making it possible to heat the metal 3 contained in the crucible to a temperature above the melting temperature.
  • molten metal can be ejected under pressure by a nozzle 4 in the direction of a metal strip 5, driven at high speed by means not shown below the nozzle 4.
  • the molten metal undergoes hyperquenching and freezes to form a metallic ribbon 6 in the vitreous state, which adheres to the strip 5 and which is entrained by the latter.
  • a box 7, pierced with holes 8 arranged along the center line of the strip 5 (FIG. 2), is placed below the latter, and a gas under pressure (air, helium, nitrogen or other), preferably at low temperature, is projected by the holes 8 in the direction of the strip 5, so as to form under this strip a gas cushion, which applies it, in some sort, against the box 7, by effect Coanda.
  • the gas cushion guides this strip as it travels at high speed under the nozzle 4 and thus suppresses its vibrations, in particular those which come from the entrainment device. It also contributes to the cooling of the strip 5, to evacuate the calories provided by the molten metal.
  • the device according to the invention is particularly suitable for overheating carried out under reduced pressure or under any other controlled atmosphere.
  • Figure 6 illustrates such an application.
  • the movable strip 16, driven by a pulley 17, passes over two return pulleys, one fixed 18, the other 19 mounted on a tensioner 19a. It passes through an enclosure 20, the lower part of which consists of the plate of a cooled box 21, comprising orifices, supplied with pressurized fluid, forming the gas cushion with Coanda effect.
  • These orifices, arranged under the strip 16 only upstream and downstream of the grip of the enclosure 20, are not visible in the figure.
  • the enclosure 20 comprises a framework 22, laterally provided with transparent walls 23, making it possible to observe the operations.
  • the enclosure 20 comprises, for the passage of the strip 16, an inlet orifice 26a (FIG. 6), closed by a removable part 26b (FIG. 10), the lower face of which has a groove of suitable width and depth , with a slight clearance, with the dimensions of the strip 16, applies to the support box 21, and an outlet orifice 27a (FIG. 6), closed by a door 27b (FIG. 10), also mounted on the box so to let the passage of the tape and the ribbon.
  • FIG. 7 shows an embodiment of an exit door according to the invention, having a tunnel with an opening offset towards the interior of the enclosure.
  • This tunnel belongs to a removable piece in the form of an angle iron having, on the one hand, a wing 28, substantially parallel to the support box 7 and resting on it by its two sides 29, and the lower face of which has a groove of suitable profile.
  • a wing 30a arranged in the same way as the door 27b of FIG. 10, the face of which faces the inside of the angle iron is rectified to apply tightly under the effect of the vacuum prevailing in the enclosure against the outer wall 22 of the enclosure, itself rectified on its surface in contact with the wing 30a.
  • this exit door Because of its removable nature, this exit door has the advantage of easily adapting to changes in working conditions, without requiring any other modification of the essential of the device, and of avoiding a blockage of the strip thanks to freedom of movement in the event of an operational incident.
  • the general shape of the removable part is close to that of FIG. 7, with a wing 30b applied to the wall 22.
  • Its wing 31 does not, however, have sides in contact with the box 7, but takes the form of a plate, the lower face of which is flat, substantially parallel to the strip and located a short distance from the latter.
  • the angle of the angle iron can advantageously be slightly less than 90 °, for example of the order of 85 to 88 °.
  • the zones of impact of the molten alloy on the strip 16 have been identified by the letter 1, and by the letter S the points where the ribbon 6 engages under the wings 28 and 31 of the exit doors, that is to say in fact the internal thresholds of said doors.
  • the distances IS must be less than a critical distance which depends on the working conditions.
  • the enclosure 20 is naturally equipped with vacuum sockets 32, two in number, arranged laterally with respect to the strip 16, in the case of FIGS. 7, 8, and 10. As indicated above, the orifices 32 must be arranged as close as possible to the door of the enclosure.
  • Crucibles 24 were used, pierced with an orifice with a diameter varying between 0.3 and 0.8 mm and spaced about 5 mm from the strip, and arranged in such a way that the jet of molten metal made an angle of 60 ° with it.
  • a 1.5 kW vacuum pump allows you to easily obtain an absolute pressure in the enclosure of 0.05 bar.
  • the overpressure of ejection of a molten metal through the orifice makes it possible to adjust the flow rate and was chosen for these tests in the range of 0.5 to 1 bar.
  • the devices of the invention allow to obtain res ver- metal, particularly with alloys of the type A x B where W A is composed of one or more transition metals (Fe, Cr, Ni, Mn, Co, etc. .), and B of one or more metalloids (P, C, Si, B, etc.), and where x, which is the atomic fraction of A, is of the order of 0.8.
  • W A is composed of one or more transition metals (Fe, Cr, Ni, Mn, Co, etc. .)
  • B of one or more metalloids P, C, Si, B, etc.
  • x which is the atomic fraction of A
  • the present invention thus also relates to a method of manufacturing thin metallic ribbons by spraying a jet of molten metal or alloy onto a cold substrate moving at high speed, in which the impact of the jet and the forming of the ribbon, in contact with the substrate, are carried out in an atmosphere under reduced pressure, and in which, before its temperature reaches the vitrification temperature of said metal alloy, the ribbon is brought into an atmosphere of higher pressure.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif pour hypertremper un métal ou un alliage, lors de sa mise en forme de ruban mince, ce dispositif comportant une bande (5, 16) défilant à grande vitesse au-dessous d'un orifice (4) d'éjection sous pression d'un métal ou d'un alliage à l'état fondu. En regard de l'une au moins des faces de ladite bande et au voisinage de la zone d'impact du métal ou de l'alliage fondu sur cette bande, est disposé au moins un caisson (7) comportant au moins un orifice (8) d'éjection d'un fluide avantageusement gazeux sous pression, de préférence à basse température, créant entre ledit caisson et ladite bande un coussin fluide qui la maintient en position sans frottement contre ledit caisson. Application à la réalisation de rubans métalliques vitreux.The invention relates to a device for hyper-dipping a metal or an alloy, when it is shaped into a thin ribbon, this device comprising a strip (5, 16) running at high speed below an orifice (4) of pressure ejection of a metal or alloy in the molten state. Opposite at least one of the faces of said strip and in the vicinity of the impact zone of the metal or of the molten alloy on this strip, is disposed at least one box (7) comprising at least one orifice (8 ) ejection of an advantageously gaseous fluid under pressure, preferably at low temperature, creating between said box and said strip a fluid cushion which keeps it in position without friction against said box. Application to the production of vitreous metallic ribbons.

Description

L'invention concerne la fabrication de rubans minces par coulée et figeage brutal, sur un substrat froid défilant en continu, à grande vitesse. Elle intéresse en particulier l'obtention de matériaux métalliques, à l'état vitreux, selon un processus généralement désigné par le terme d'hypertrempe.The invention relates to the manufacture of thin ribbons by brutal casting and freezing, on a cold substrate running continuously, at high speed. It concerns in particular the obtaining of metallic materials, in the vitreous state, according to a process generally designated by the term of hyperhardening.

On sait, en effet, que par refroidissement à très grande vitesse, de l'ordre de 106°C/seconde, de certains métaux ou d'alliages fondus, il est possible de conférer à ceux-ci une structure vitreuse, c'est-à-dire ne présentant aucun caractère cristallin aux rayons X ("Les verres métalliques", Praveen Chandhari, Bill Giessen et David Turnbull, "Pour la science" Juin 1980, n° 32, p. 68).It is known, in fact, that by cooling at very high speed, of the order of 10 6 ° C / second, of certain metals or molten alloys, it is possible to confer on them a vitreous structure, it that is to say having no crystalline character on X-rays ("Metallic glasses", Praveen Chandhari, Bill Giessen and David Turnbull, "Pour la science" June 1980, n ° 32, p. 68).

On obtient, en général, une telle structure amorphe en projetant un jet de métal fondu, qui s'étale sous forme d'une couche très mince, sur une surface refroidie, bonne conductrice de la chaleur et se déplaçant à grande vitesse.In general, such an amorphous structure is obtained by projecting a jet of molten metal, which spreads out in the form of a very thin layer, on a cooled surface, good conductor of heat and moving at high speed.

Divers procédés de trempe sur des surfaces froides mobiles ont été proposés dans la technique (trempe à l'intérieur d'une roue, sur un tambour, sur un disque, entre deux rouleaux, etc.), le plus simple et le plus couramment utilisé consistant à projeter un jet de métal fondu sur la surface externe d'une roue métallique froide tournant à grande vitesse. Le métal fondu, éjecté sous pression d'un creuset, forme au contact de la roue un bulbe stationnaire, qui donne naissance à un ruban métallique hypertrempé. Celui-ci, sous l'effet de la force centrifuge, se décolle de la roue froide et est éjecté.Various methods of quenching on mobile cold surfaces have been proposed in the technique (quenching inside a wheel, on a drum, on a disc, between two rollers, etc.), the simplest and most commonly used consisting of projecting a jet of molten metal onto the external surface of a cold metal wheel rotating at high speed. The molten metal, ejected under pressure from a crucible, forms in contact with the wheel a stationary bulb, which gives rise to a hyper-soaked metallic ribbon. This, under the effect of centrifugal force, comes off the cold wheel and is ejected.

Les études effectuées sur ces différents types de procédés ont montré l'influence sur la qualité des bords et l'état de surface du ruban de la couche limite gazeuse au contact de la surface froide.Studies carried out on these different types of process have shown the influence on the quality of the edges and the surface condition of the ribbon of the gaseous boundary layer in contact with the cold surface.

Elles ont ainsi conduit à proposer d'opérer sous atmosphère contrôlée et notamment sous faible pression, en disposant l'ensemble de l'appareillage dans une enceinte close. Un inconvénient majeur de cette technique réside toutefois dans le volume de l'enceinte à réaliser, en particulier dans le cas d'une exploitation du procédé à l'échelle industrielle. En outre, dans le cas de mise en oeuvre sous vide, le procédé ne peut être appliqué qu'en discontinu, le vide devant être rompu à chaque fois que l'on désire récupérer le ruban produit. De plus, on a constaté que, dans le procédé d'hypertrempe sur roue, le décollement du ruban se produit plus rapidement lorsque l'on opère sous vide que lorsque le procédé est conduit à l'air libre, et que la trempe est moins énergique.They have thus led to proposing to operate under a controlled atmosphere and in particular under low pressure, by placing the entire apparatus in a closed enclosure. A major drawback of this technique however lies in the volume of the enclosure to be produced, in particular in the case of exploitation of the process on an industrial scale. In addition, in the case of implementation under vacuum, the method can only be applied batchwise, the vacuum having to be broken each time it is desired to recover the ribbon produced. In addition, it has been found that, in the hyper-quenching process on a wheel, the separation of the tape occurs more quickly when operating under vacuum than when the process is conducted in the open air, and that the quenching is less energetic.

On pourrait, bien entendu, dans l'hypertrempe sous vide sur roue, envisager d'effectuer en continu la sortie du ruban hors de l'enceinte, mais il est difficile d'adapter à une roue tournant à grande vitesse une enceinte permettant de conserver en permanence un vide satisfaisant, tout en autorisant la sortie du ruban à l'air libre, d'autant que le décollement du ruban métallique de la roue est un phénomène instable.One could, of course, in hyper-tempering under vacuum on a wheel, consider carrying out the tape continuously out of the enclosure, but it is difficult to adapt to a wheel rotating at high speed an enclosure making it possible to conserve permanently a satisfactory vacuum, while allowing the release of the tape in the open air, especially since the detachment of the metal tape from the wheel is an unstable phenomenon.

Ce sérieux inconvénient, tout spécialement, a conduit à rechercher une technique d'hypertrempe sous atmosphère contrôlée maîtrisant les effets de la force centrifuge et, dans ce but, à faire appel au processus d'hypertrempe sur bande mobile, défilant à grande vitesse sous le jet de métal fondu. Cette méthode, de principe connu en soi, présente des inconvénients notables, parmi lesquels on peut notamment mentionner les vibrations de la bande support, et plus généralement l'insuffisante précision de son positionnement, résultant en particulier de son entraînement par poulies tournant à grande vitesse, la difficulté de refroidir efficacement la bande, et une plus grande complexité de mise en oeuvre que l'hypertrempe sur roue.This serious drawback, in particular, has led to the search for a hyper-quenching technique in a controlled atmosphere which controls the effects of centrifugal force and, to this end, to resort to the process of hyper-quenching on a moving strip, traveling at high speed under the jet of molten metal. This method, in principle known per se, has notable drawbacks, among which we can notably mention the vibrations of the support strip, and more generally the insufficient precision of its positioning, resulting in particular from its drive by pulleys rotating at high speed. , the difficulty of effectively cooling the strip, and a greater complexity of implementation than the hyper quenching on wheel.

La présente invention vise à surmonter ces difficultés d'emploi du processus d'hypertrempe sur bande mobile, en vue notamment de le mettre en oeuvre sous atmosphère contrôlée, éventuellement sous pression réduite. Elle permet d'effectuer un positionnement précis de la bande mobile, et de rendre négligeable ses vibrations, tout en assurant au moins en partie son refroidissement, en disposant en regard d'au moins l'une des faces de cette bande un caisson comportant un ou plusieurs orifices (trous, fentes, etc...), par lesquels un fluide sous pression, de préférence un gaz à basse température, est éjecté en direction de la bande, en vue de réaliser, entre celle-ci et le caisson, un coussin fluide qui la maintient sans frottement sur ledit caisson, tout en assurant son refroidissement, notamment par formation d'un coussin fluide faisant appel à l'effet Coanda. Cet effet est décrit par exemple dans un article de "Science et Vie" d'août 1974, pp. 68-73 (publ. Excelsior Publications 5, rue de la Baume Paris 8e).The present invention aims to overcome these difficulties in using the hyper-tempering process on a moving belt, with a view in particular to implementing it under a controlled atmosphere, possibly under reduced pressure. It allows precise positioning of the moving strip, and makes its vibrations negligible, while at least partly ensuring its cooling, by placing opposite from at least one of the faces of this strip, a box having one or more orifices (holes, slots, etc.), through which a pressurized fluid, preferably a gas at low temperature, is ejected in the direction of the strip, in order to produce, between the latter and the box, a fluid cushion which maintains it without friction on said box, while ensuring its cooling, in particular by forming a fluid cushion using the Coanda effect. This effect is described for example in an article of "Science and Life" of August 1974, pp. 68-73 (publ. Excelsior Publications 5, rue de la Baume Paris 8e).

L'invention a par conséquent pour objet un dispositif pour hypertremper un métal ou un alliage, lors de sa mise en forme de ruban mince, ce dispositif comportant une bande défilant a grande vitesse au-dessous d'un orifice d'éjection sous pression d'un métal ou d'un alliage à l'état fondu et étant caractérisé en ce que, en regard de l'une au moins des faces de ladite bande et au voisinage de la zone d'impact du métal ou de l'alliage fondu sur cette bande, est disposé au moins un caisson comportant au moins un orifice d'éjection d'un fluide sous pression, de préférence à basse température, créant entre ladite bande et le caisson un coussin fluide qui la maintient sans frottement sur ledit caisson.The subject of the invention is therefore a device for hyper-dipping a metal or an alloy, when it is being shaped into a thin strip, this device comprising a strip moving at high speed below a pressure ejection orifice d '' a metal or an alloy in the molten state and being characterized in that, facing at least one of the faces of said strip and in the vicinity of the impact zone of the metal or of the molten alloy on this strip, is arranged at least one box comprising at least one orifice for ejecting a pressurized fluid, preferably at low temperature, creating between said strip and the box a fluid cushion which maintains it without friction on said box.

De préférence, un caisson est disposé en amont de la zone d'impact du métal fondu, et il peut être situé avantageusement en regard de la face d'impact, notamment dans le cas où on désire modifier la nature du gaz de la couche limite dans ladite zone.Preferably, a box is placed upstream of the impact zone of the molten metal, and it can be advantageously located opposite the impact face, in particular in the case where it is desired to modify the nature of the gas of the boundary layer. in said area.

Les orifices d'éjection du fluide sous pression pourront être constitués de fentes rectilignes ou de trous de petites dimensions, éventuellement alignés suivant une ou plusieurs rangées.The eject holes for the pressurized fluid may consist of rectilinear slots or small holes, possibly aligned in one or more rows.

De façon usuelle, ladite bande sera constituée par un ruban métallique continu entraîné par un organe moteur tel qu'un tambour ou une poulie et passant sur un ou plusieurs organes de renvoi. Avantageusement, les organes de renvoi seront constitués par des caissons courbes fixes comprenant un ou plusieurs orifices d'éjection d'un gaz sous pression, de préférence à basse température, créant sous ladite bande un coussin de gaz à effet Coanda, qui la maintient à distance fixe dudit caisson.Usually, said strip will be constituted by a continuous metallic strip driven by a motor member such as a drum or a pulley and passing over one or more return members. Advantageously, the return members will be constituted by fixed curved boxes comprising one or more orifices for ejecting a gas under pressure, preferably at low temperature, creating under said strip a cushion of Coanda effect gas, which keeps it at fixed distance from said box.

Dans une forme avantageuse de réalisation'du dispositif selon l'invention, celui-ci comportera, en aval de la zone d'impact du métal fondu et en regard de la face opposée à la face d'impact, un caisson à effet Coanda, de préférence concave, disposé de telle manière que la bande mobile suive, à la suite de l'impact du métal liquide, une portion de trajet présentant une courbure correspondant à une concavité de la face d'impact de ladite bande, et tendant ainsi, par effet d'inertie, à maintenir le ruban en contact intime avec la bande.In an advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention, this will comprise, downstream of the impact zone of the molten metal and opposite the face opposite to the impact face, a Coanda effect box, preferably concave, arranged in such a way that the movable strip follows, following the impact of the liquid metal, a portion of path having a curvature corresponding to a concavity of the impact face of said strip, and thus tending, by inertial effect, to maintain the ribbon in intimate contact with the band.

Ainsi qu'il a été indiqué ci-dessus, le dispositif d'hypertrempe conforme àl'invention se prête particulièrement bien à une hypertrempe en continu sous atmosphère contrôlée, et en particulier sous pression réduite. Dans cette application, conformément à l'invention, le dispositif d'hypertrempe comporte une enceinte dans laquelle est disposé l'orifice d'éjection sous pression du métal ou de l'alliage fondu et que traverse en continu ladite bande. Une fente d'entrée et une porte de sortie sont prévues pour le passage de la bande dans ladite enceinte, ainsi qu'au moins un orifice pour la maîtrise de l'atmosphère, susceptible notamment de servir de prise de vide pour le travail sous pression réduite.As indicated above, the hyperhardening device according to the invention lends itself particularly well to continuous hyperhardening under a controlled atmosphere, and in particular under reduced pressure. In this application, in accordance with the invention, the hyper-tempering device comprises an enclosure in which the pressure ejection orifice of the molten metal or alloy is disposed and which said strip passes continuously through. An entry slit and an exit door are provided for the passage of the strip in said enclosure, as well as at least one orifice for controlling the atmosphere, capable in particular of serving as a vacuum outlet for working under pressure. scaled down.

Bien entendu, il n'est généralement pas souhaitable que les orifices d'éjection de gaz du coussin à effet Coanda débouchent à l'intérieur de l'enceinte, et cette éventualité est même pratiquement exclue lorsque l'installation est utilisée sous pression réduite. Dans cette hypothèse, il est souhaitable qu'un coussin à effet Coanda soit disposé sous la bande en aval de l'enceinte et aussi près que possible de la porte de sortie pour éviter le frottement de la face supérieure de la bande contre la porte de sortie, et il est avantageux qu'un second coussin soit disposé en amont de l'enceinte et aussi près que possible de la fente d'entrée.Of course, it is generally not desirable for the gas ejection orifices of the Coanda effect cushion to open inside the enclosure, and this possibility is even practically excluded when the installation is used under reduced pressure. In this case, it is desirable that a Coanda cushion is placed under the strip downstream of the enclosure and as close as possible to the exit door to avoid friction of the upper face of the strip against the door. outlet, and it is advantageous that a second cushion is disposed upstream of the enclosure and as close as possible to the inlet slot.

Cette fente d'entrée, qui vise seulement à permettre le libre passage de la bande-support, de section et de position bien définies, peut être réalisée sous la forme de divers dispositifs de l'art connu, tels que joints, sas ou chambres intermédiaires, qui maintiennent à un faible niveau l'entrée d'air à l'intérieur de l'enceinte.This entry slot, which aims only to allow the free passage of the support strip, of well defined section and position, can be produced in the form of various devices of the known art, such as seals, airlocks or chambers intermediates, which keep the air intake inside the enclosure low.

La porte de sortie est de réalisation plus délicate, car elle doit permettre non seulement le passage de la bande-support, mais également celui du ruban fabriqué à l'intérieur de l'enceinte. En particulier, lorsque l'enceinte est placée sous pression réduite, du fait du jeu à prévoir nécessairement au-dessus de la bande pour la sortie du ruban, il se produit un flux gazeux, provenant de l'extérieur de l'enceinte, qui a tendance à décoller le ruban de la bande et à s'opposer à sa sortie, et donc à sa récupération. Cependant, les essais ont montré que la difficulté est surmontée lorsque la distance entre la zone d'impact et la sortie est inférieure à une valeur critique. Celle-ci est généralement assez faible, de l'ordre du centimètre, et semble correspondre à la zone où le ruban est encore suffisamment chaud pour adhérer à la bande.The exit door is of more delicate embodiment, because it must allow not only the passage of the support strip, but also that of the ribbon manufactured inside the enclosure. In particular, when the enclosure is placed under reduced pressure, due to the play that must necessarily be provided above the strip for the exit of the ribbon, a gas flow occurs, coming from outside the enclosure, which tends to peel off the tape from the tape and oppose its release, and therefore its recovery. However, tests have shown that the difficulty is overcome when the distance between the zo no impact and the output is less than a critical value. This is generally quite low, of the order of a centimeter, and seems to correspond to the area where the ribbon is still hot enough to adhere to the strip.

En outre, pour éviter que le flux gazeux provenant de l'extérieur de l'enceinte par la porte de sortie ne vienne perturber le jet de métal fondu, le bulbe qui se forme lors de son impact sur la bande, et l'étalement et le refroidissement du ruban, il est souhaitable que la ou les prises de vide de l'enceinte soient disposées au voisinage immédiat de la porte de sortie. De préférence, ces prises de vide sont disposées, par paires identiques, symétriquement par rapport à la bande support, et à proximité de ses bords.In addition, to prevent the gaseous flow coming from outside the enclosure through the exit door from disturbing the jet of molten metal, the bulb which forms during its impact on the strip, and the spreading and cooling the ribbon, it is desirable that the vacuum outlet (s) of the enclosure are disposed in the immediate vicinity of the exit door. Preferably, these vacuum connections are arranged, in identical pairs, symmetrically with respect to the support strip, and near its edges.

Dans la pratique, le maintien au-dessous d'une valeur critique maximale de la distance entre la zone d'impact et la sortie est rendu difficile du fait de l'encombrement de certains organes, notamment du creuset contenant le métal fondu et de ses moyens de chauffage, à disposer dans cette région de l'enceinte.In practice, maintaining below a maximum critical value of the distance between the impact zone and the outlet is made difficult because of the bulk of certain organs, in particular the crucible containing the molten metal and its heating means, to be placed in this region of the enclosure.

Pour remédier à cette difficulté, on peut utiliser une structure à porte de sortie décalée vers l'intérieur de l'enceinte, de préférence amovible et interchangeable, de manière à permettre d'adapter facilement le dispositif aux conditions de travail choisies : dimensions et vitesse de la bande, nature de l'alliage, et température de mise en oeuvre, largeur de ruban...To remedy this difficulty, it is possible to use a structure with an exit door offset towards the inside of the enclosure, preferably removable and interchangeable, so as to allow the device to be easily adapted to the chosen working conditions: dimensions and speed. of the strip, nature of the alloy, and processing temperature, strip width, etc.

Les essais ont montré, en outre, qu'il existe un mode d'exécution avantageux susceptible de s'accommoder de l'encombrement des différents organes, dont certains sont à haute température, situés à l'intérieur de l'enceinte dans la zone de sortie. Il est apparu, en effet, que l'élaboration du ruban et sa sortie hors de l'enceinte sous pression réduite se font également dans de bonnes conditions, même si la distance entre la zone d'impact et la paroi aval de l'enceinte est assez grande, lorsqu'on dispose, au-dessus et à très faible distance du ruban supporté par la bande, une pièce en forme d'auvent présentant une surface sensiblement parallèle à celui-ci, et le recouvrant, à partir d'une distance de la zone d'impact au plus égale à la distance critique définie précédemment, jusqu'à la sortie.The tests have shown, moreover, that there is an advantageous embodiment capable of accommodating the size of the various organs, some of which are at high temperature, located inside the enclosure in the area Release. It has appeared, in fact, that the production of the tape and its exit from the enclosure under reduced pressure are also carried out under good conditions, even if the distance between the impact zone and the downstream wall of the enclosure is quite large, when there is, above and at a very short distance from the strip supported by the strip, a canopy-shaped part having a surface substantially parallel thereto, and covering it, from a distance from the impact zone at most equal to the critical distance defined above, to the exit.

L'emploi de tels auvents est particulièrement avantageux, car il permet de placer les prises de vide latérales, situées au voisinage de la sortie et de 'part et d'autre de la bande, en communication très directe avec la fente par laquelle le ruban sort de l'enceinte.The use of such awnings is particularly advantageous, because it makes it possible to place the lateral vacuum sockets, located in the vicinity of the outlet and on either side of the strip, in very direct communication with the slot through which the ribbon leaves the enclosure.

Les essais effectués sous pression réduite avec un tel dispositif se sont révélés parfaitement satisfaisants, car on constate que le ruban de verre métallique qui se forme au contact de la bande reste collé à celle-ci sur une distance suffisante pour permettre de l'extraire de la botte à vide, afin de pouvoir le récupérer ensuite en continu, par éjection centrifuge par exemple.The tests carried out under reduced pressure with such a device have proved to be perfectly satisfactory, since it is found that the metallic glass ribbon which forms in contact with the strip remains stuck to it over a sufficient distance to allow it to be extracted from the vacuum boot, in order to be able to recover it continuously, for example by centrifugal ejection.

Les dessins annexés représentent des formes de mise en oeuvre de l'invention, qui vont maintenant être décrites plus en détail. Sur ces dessins :

  • - la figure 1 est une vue schématique illustrant un dispositif d'hypertrempe conforme à l'invention équipé d'un caisson a effet Coanda disposé au-dessous de la bande mobile ;
  • - les figures 2 à 5 représentent diverses variantes d'un tel caisson ;
  • - la figure 6 est une vue schématique d'un dispositif conforme à l'invention pour l'hypertrempe d'un métal ou d'un alliage sous atmosphère contrôlée ;
  • - la figure 7 est une vue schématique partielle, depuis l'intérieur de l'enceinte, montrant une porte de sortie décalée, pour travail sous pression réduite et les prises de vide prévues à proximité ;
  • - la figure 8 est une vue similaire montrant une structure de sortie sous auvent ;
  • - la figure 9 est une vue schématique avec arrachement, montrant un organe de renvoi courbe fixe à effet Coanda pour la bande mobile ;
  • - la figure 10 est une vue de détail éclatée montrant des formes simples de pièces d'entrée et de sortie de l'enceinte.
The accompanying drawings show embodiments of the invention, which will now be described in more detail. In these drawings:
  • - Figure 1 is a schematic view illustrating a hyperhardening device according to the invention equipped with a Coanda effect box disposed below the movable band;
  • - Figures 2 to 5 show various variants of such a box;
  • - Figure 6 is a schematic view of a device according to the invention for the hyperhardening of a metal or an alloy under controlled atmosphere;
  • - Figure 7 is a partial schematic view, from inside the enclosure, showing an offset exit door, for working under reduced pressure and the vacuum connections provided nearby;
  • - Figure 8 is a similar view showing an awning outlet structure;
  • - Figure 9 is a schematic view with parts broken away, showing a fixed curved deflection member with Coanda effect for the movable band;
  • - Figure 10 is an exploded detail view showing simple shapes of input and output parts of the enclosure.

On se référera d'abord à la figure 1, sur laquelle on voit un creuset 1, entouré extérieurement par un solénoide 2, permettant de chauffer jusqu'à une température supérieure à la température de fusion le métal 3 contenu dans le creuset 1. Le métal fondu peut être éjecté sous pression par une buse 4 en direction d'une bande métallique 5, entraînée à grande vitesse par des moyens non représentés au-dessous de la buse 4. Au contact de la bande 5, le métal fondu subit une hypertrempe et se fige pour former un ruban métallique 6 à l'état vitreux, qui adhère à la bande 5 et qui est entraîné par celle-ci.We will first refer to FIG. 1, on which we see a crucible 1, surrounded externally by a solenoid 2, making it possible to heat the metal 3 contained in the crucible to a temperature above the melting temperature. molten metal can be ejected under pressure by a nozzle 4 in the direction of a metal strip 5, driven at high speed by means not shown below the nozzle 4. In contact with the strip 5, the molten metal undergoes hyperquenching and freezes to form a metallic ribbon 6 in the vitreous state, which adheres to the strip 5 and which is entrained by the latter.

Conformément à l'invention, un caisson 7, percé de trous 8 disposés suivant la ligne médiane de la bande 5 (figure 2), est disposé au-dessous de celle-ci, et un gaz sous pression (air, hélium, azote ou autre), de préférence à basse température, est projeté par les trous 8 en direction de la bande 5, de manière à former sous cette bande un coussin gazeux, qui l'applique, en quelque.sorte, contre le caisson 7, par effet Coanda. Le coussin gazeux guide cette bande dans son défilement à grande vitesse sous la buse 4 et supprime ainsi ses vibrations, notamment celles qui proviennent du dispositif d'entrafnement. Il contribue aussi au refroidissement de la bande 5, pour évacuer les calories apportées par le métal en fusion.According to the invention, a box 7, pierced with holes 8 arranged along the center line of the strip 5 (FIG. 2), is placed below the latter, and a gas under pressure (air, helium, nitrogen or other), preferably at low temperature, is projected by the holes 8 in the direction of the strip 5, so as to form under this strip a gas cushion, which applies it, in some sort, against the box 7, by effect Coanda. The gas cushion guides this strip as it travels at high speed under the nozzle 4 and thus suppresses its vibrations, in particular those which come from the entrainment device. It also contributes to the cooling of the strip 5, to evacuate the calories provided by the molten metal.

On peut, bien entendu, utiliser une pluralité de caissons 9 percés de trous 10 alignés parallèlement à la direction d'avancement de la bande 5 (figure 3) ou des caissons 11, munis d'orifices 12, disposés perpendiculairement à la bande 5 (figure 4).It is, of course, possible to use a plurality of boxes 9 pierced with holes 10 aligned parallel to the direction of advancement of the strip 5 (FIG. 3) or boxes 11, provided with orifices 12, arranged perpendicular to the strip 5 ( figure 4).

On peut également utiliser des plots 13, munis d'orifices 14 (figure 5) éventuellement disposés en quinconce.One can also use studs 13, provided with holes 14 (Figure 5) possibly arranged in staggered rows.

Ainsi qu'il a été indiqué ci-dessus, le dispositif conforme à l'invention convient particulièrement bien à une hypertrempe effectuée sous pression réduite ou sous tout autre atmosphère contrôlée.As indicated above, the device according to the invention is particularly suitable for overheating carried out under reduced pressure or under any other controlled atmosphere.

La figure 6 illustre une telle application. La bande mobile 16, entraînée par une poulie 17, passe sur deux poulies de renvoi, l'une fixe 18, l'autre 19 montée sur un tendeur 19a. Elle traverse une enceinte 20 dont la partie inférieure est constituée par la platine d'un caisson refroidi 21, comportant des orifices, alimentés en fluide sous pression, formant le coussin gazeux à effet Coanda. Ces orifices, disposés sous la bande 16 uniquement en amont et en aval de l'emprise de l'enceinte 20, ne sont pas visibles sur la figure.Figure 6 illustrates such an application. The movable strip 16, driven by a pulley 17, passes over two return pulleys, one fixed 18, the other 19 mounted on a tensioner 19a. It passes through an enclosure 20, the lower part of which consists of the plate of a cooled box 21, comprising orifices, supplied with pressurized fluid, forming the gas cushion with Coanda effect. These orifices, arranged under the strip 16 only upstream and downstream of the grip of the enclosure 20, are not visible in the figure.

Dans le cas du dessin, l'enceinte 20 comporte une ossature 22, munie latéralement de parois transparentes 23, permettant d'observer les opérations. Dans l'enceinte 20, comme précédemment, est disposé un creuset 24, entouré d'un solénoïde 25, qui permet de fondre le métal ou alliage contenu dans le creuset.In the case of the drawing, the enclosure 20 comprises a framework 22, laterally provided with transparent walls 23, making it possible to observe the operations. In the enclosure 20, as before, is arranged a crucible 24, surrounded by a solenoid 25, which melts the metal or alloy contained in the crucible.

L'enceinte 20 comporte, pour le passage de la bande 16, un orifice d'entrée 26a (figure 6), obturé par une pièce amovible 26b (figure 10) dont la face inférieure, qui comporte une rainure de largeur et de profondeur adaptée, avec un léger jeu, aux dimensions de la bande 16, s'applique sur le caisson support 21, et un orifice de sortie 27a (figure 6), obturé par une porte 27b (figure 10), également montée sur le caisson de manière à laisser le passage de la bande et du ruban.The enclosure 20 comprises, for the passage of the strip 16, an inlet orifice 26a (FIG. 6), closed by a removable part 26b (FIG. 10), the lower face of which has a groove of suitable width and depth , with a slight clearance, with the dimensions of the strip 16, applies to the support box 21, and an outlet orifice 27a (FIG. 6), closed by a door 27b (FIG. 10), also mounted on the box so to let the passage of the tape and the ribbon.

Des variantes améliorées de porte de sortie sont décrites ci-après.Improved exit door variants are described below.

La figure 7 montre une forme d'exécution d'une porte de sortie selon l'invention, présentant un tunnel à ouverture décalée vers l'intérieur de l'enceinte. Ce tunnel appartient à une pièce amovible en forme de cornière possédant, d'une part, une aile 28, sensiblement parallèle au caisson-support 7 et reposant sur lui par ses deux flancs 29, et dont la face inférieure présente une gorge de profil adapté à la section de la bande 16 et à celle du ruban 6 et, d'autre part, une aile 30a, disposée de même façon que la porte 27b de la figure 10, dont la face tournée vers l'intérieur de la cornière est rectifiée pour s'appliquer de manière étanche sous l'effet de la dépression régnant dans l'enceinte contre la paroi extérieure 22 de l'enceinte, elle-même rectifiée sur sa surface en contact avec l'aile 30a. Du fait de son caractère amovible, cette porte de sortie a pour avantage de s'adapter aisément à des changements de conditions de travail, sans exiger d'autre modification de l'essentiel du dispositif, et d'éviter un blocage de la bande grâce à sa liberté de débattement, en cas d'incident de fonctionnement.FIG. 7 shows an embodiment of an exit door according to the invention, having a tunnel with an opening offset towards the interior of the enclosure. This tunnel belongs to a removable piece in the form of an angle iron having, on the one hand, a wing 28, substantially parallel to the support box 7 and resting on it by its two sides 29, and the lower face of which has a groove of suitable profile. to the section of the strip 16 and to that of the ribbon 6 and, on the other hand, a wing 30a, arranged in the same way as the door 27b of FIG. 10, the face of which faces the inside of the angle iron is rectified to apply tightly under the effect of the vacuum prevailing in the enclosure against the outer wall 22 of the enclosure, itself rectified on its surface in contact with the wing 30a. Because of its removable nature, this exit door has the advantage of easily adapting to changes in working conditions, without requiring any other modification of the essential of the device, and of avoiding a blockage of the strip thanks to freedom of movement in the event of an operational incident.

Dans la variante comportant un auvent représentée par la figure 8, la forme générale de la pièce amovible est voisine de celle de la figure 7, avec une aile 30b appliquée sur la paroi 22. Son aile 31 ne comporte toutefois pas de flancs en contact avec le caisson 7, mais affecte la forme d'une plaque dont la face inférieure est plane, sensiblement parallèle au ruban et située à faible distance de celui-ci. L'angle de la cornière peut avantageusement être légèrement inférieur à 90°, par exemple de l'ordre de 85 à 88°.In the variant comprising an awning represented by FIG. 8, the general shape of the removable part is close to that of FIG. 7, with a wing 30b applied to the wall 22. Its wing 31 does not, however, have sides in contact with the box 7, but takes the form of a plate, the lower face of which is flat, substantially parallel to the strip and located a short distance from the latter. The angle of the angle iron can advantageously be slightly less than 90 °, for example of the order of 85 to 88 °.

Sur les figures 7 et 8, on a repéré par la lettre 1 les zones d'impact de l'alliage fondu sur la bande 16, et par la lettre S les points où le ruban 6 s'engage sous les ailes 28 et 31 des portes de sortie, c'est-à-dire en fait les seuils internes desdites portes. Selon l'invention, les distances IS doivent être inférieures à une distance critique qui dépend des conditions de travail.In FIGS. 7 and 8, the zones of impact of the molten alloy on the strip 16 have been identified by the letter 1, and by the letter S the points where the ribbon 6 engages under the wings 28 and 31 of the exit doors, that is to say in fact the internal thresholds of said doors. According to the invention, the distances IS must be less than a critical distance which depends on the working conditions.

L'enceinte 20 est naturellement équipée de prises de vide 32, au nombre de deux, disposées latéralement par rapport à la bande 16, dans le cas des figures 7, 8, et 10. Ainsi qu'il a été indiqué ci-dessus, les orifices 32 doivent être disposés aussi près que possible de la porte de l'enceinte.The enclosure 20 is naturally equipped with vacuum sockets 32, two in number, arranged laterally with respect to the strip 16, in the case of FIGS. 7, 8, and 10. As indicated above, the orifices 32 must be arranged as close as possible to the door of the enclosure.

Il a été également constaté que les meilleurs résultats sont obtenus lorsque le jet de métal fondu est incliné par rapport à la bande 16, d'un angle de 60° par exemple. Dans ces conditions, le ruban métallique se forme sur la bande 16 avec de moindres risques de projection, sur les côtés et vers l'arrière, de gouttes de métal fondu.It has also been found that the best results are obtained when the jet of molten metal is inclined relative to the strip 16, by an angle of 60 ° for example. Under these conditions, the ribbon mé metal is formed on the strip 16 with less risk of projection, on the sides and towards the rear, of drops of molten metal.

Avantageusement, comme on l'a déjà indiqué, on peut substituer aux poulies de renvoi 18 et 19 des organes de renvoi courbes fixes 33, convexes (figure 9) ou concaves, percés d'orifices 34 d'éjection d'un gaz sous pression, de préférence à basse température, qui applique par effet Coanda la bande 16 contre l'organe 33. On évite ainsi toute friction de la bande contre les organes de renvoi, ce qui contribue à limiter les vibrations et à refroidir la bande 16.Advantageously, as already indicated, it is possible to replace the return pulleys 18 and 19 with fixed curved return members 33, convex (FIG. 9) or concave, pierced with orifices 34 for ejecting a gas under pressure. , preferably at low temperature, which applies by Coanda effect the strip 16 against the member 33. This avoids any friction of the strip against the return members, which contributes to limiting the vibrations and to cooling the strip 16.

Un exemple de fonctionnement va être décrit maintenant. Il utilise un dispositif comprenant une bande sans fin en acier, d'environ 4 mètres de long, et de section 16 mm x 1 mm, susceptible d'être entraînée à une vitesse comprise en 0 et 3000 m/minute, glissant sur un caisson-support plan de 10 cm de largeur et 50 cm de longueur, qui comporte des orifices d'éjection de gaz sous pression, de 1,5 mm de diamètre et distants de 2 cm. Ces orifices sont disposés selon l'axe de la bande, sur toute la longueur du caisson, sauf au droit de l'enceinte et des pièces d'entrée et de sortie, c'est-à-dire sur environ 15 cm. On a utilisé des creusets 24, percés d'un orifice de diamètre variant entre 0,3 et 0,8 mm et distant d'environ 5 mm de la bande, et disposés de telle sorte que le jet de métal fondu fasse un angle de 60° avec celle-ci. Une pompe à vide de 1,5 kW permet d'obtenir sans peine une pression absolue dans l'enceinte de 0,05 bar. La surpression d'éjection d'un métal fondu au travers de l'orifice permet de régler le débit et a été choisie pour ces essais de l'ordre de 0,5 à 1 bar.An example of operation will now be described. It uses a device comprising an endless steel strip, about 4 meters long, and of section 16 mm x 1 mm, capable of being driven at a speed of between 0 and 3000 m / minute, sliding on a box -planar support 10 cm wide and 50 cm long, which includes pressurized gas ejection orifices, 1.5 mm in diameter and 2 cm apart. These orifices are arranged along the axis of the strip, over the entire length of the box, except at the level of the enclosure and the inlet and outlet parts, that is to say over approximately 15 cm. Crucibles 24 were used, pierced with an orifice with a diameter varying between 0.3 and 0.8 mm and spaced about 5 mm from the strip, and arranged in such a way that the jet of molten metal made an angle of 60 ° with it. A 1.5 kW vacuum pump allows you to easily obtain an absolute pressure in the enclosure of 0.05 bar. The overpressure of ejection of a molten metal through the orifice makes it possible to adjust the flow rate and was chosen for these tests in the range of 0.5 to 1 bar.

Les dispositifs de l'invention permettent l'obtention de ver- res métalliques, notamment avec des alliages du type Ax Bl-x où A est constitué d'un ou plusieurs métaux de transition (Fe, Cr, Ni, Mn, Co, etc.), et B d'un ou plusieurs métalloïdes (P, C, Si, B, etc.), et où x, qui est la fraction atomique de A, est de l'ordre de 0,8. Ces alliages sont connus pour donner, par trempe brutale, des produits à l'état vitreux.The devices of the invention allow to obtain res ver- metal, particularly with alloys of the type A x B where W A is composed of one or more transition metals (Fe, Cr, Ni, Mn, Co, etc. .), and B of one or more metalloids (P, C, Si, B, etc.), and where x, which is the atomic fraction of A, is of the order of 0.8. These alloys are known to give, by brutal quenching, products in the vitreous state.

Les meilleurs résultats ont été obtenus sous pression réduite, par exemple de l'ordre de 0,05 bar, notamment à l'aide des dispositifs illustrés par les figures 7 et 8.The best results have been obtained under reduced pressure, for example of the order of 0.05 bar, in particular using the devices illustrated in FIGS. 7 and 8.

Pour des vitesses de bande de 1000 à 3000 m/minute, et avec une distance IS inférieure à une valeur critique variant entre 10 et 20 mm et une longueur de tunnel ou d'auvent de l'ordre de 5 cm, on a pu obtenir avec ces alliages des rubans de 1 à 7 mm de largeur, et de 30 à 100 pm d'épaisseur ; ces rubans présentaient des bords réguliers et des faces planes, qualités qu'on peut attribuer au travail sous vide. De plus, les produits obtenus présentaient une ductilité plus élevée que celle des rubans de même nature, qui sont fabriqués sous vide dans des enceintes entièrement closes. Cet avantage semble attribuable à la sortie très rapide du ruban hors de l'enceinte sous pression réduite, qui permet une trempe plus efficace, voisine de celle qu'on obtient par trempe en atmosphère non raréfiée, grâce à une augmentation de la vitesse de refroidissement de l'alliage métallique dans la zone de température située au-dessus de la température dite de vitrification.For belt speeds of 1000 to 3000 m / minute, and with an IS distance less than a critical value varying between 10 and 20 mm and a tunnel or awning length of the order of 5 cm, it was possible to obtain with these alloys ribbons from 1 to 7 mm in width, and from 30 to 100 µm thick; these ribbons had regular edges and flat faces, qualities that can be attributed to vacuum work. In addition, the products obtained had a higher ductility than that of ribbons of the same kind, which are produced under vacuum in fully enclosed enclosures. This advantage seems to be attributable to the very rapid exit of the ribbon from the enclosure under reduced pressure, which allows a more effective quenching, close to that obtained by quenching in an uncommon atmosphere, thanks to an increase in the cooling rate. of the metallic alloy in the temperature zone situated above the so-called vitrification temperature.

La présente invention a ainsi également pour objet un procédé de fabrication de rubans minces métalliques par projection d'un jet de métal ou d'alliage fondu sur un substrat froid se déplaçant à grande vitesse, dans lequel l'impact du jet et le formage du ruban, au contact du substrat, sont effectués dans une atmosphère sous pression réduite, et dans lequel, avant que sa température n'atteigne la température de vitrification dudit alliage métallique, le ruban est amené dans une atmosphère de pression supérieure.The present invention thus also relates to a method of manufacturing thin metallic ribbons by spraying a jet of molten metal or alloy onto a cold substrate moving at high speed, in which the impact of the jet and the forming of the ribbon, in contact with the substrate, are carried out in an atmosphere under reduced pressure, and in which, before its temperature reaches the vitrification temperature of said metal alloy, the ribbon is brought into an atmosphere of higher pressure.

Claims (16)

1. Dispositif pour hypertremper un métal ou un alliage (3) lors de sa mise en forme de ruban mince (6), ce dispositif comportant une bande (5, 16) défilant à grande vitesse au-dessous d'un orifice (4) d'éjection sous pression d'un métal ou d'un alliage à l'état fondu et étant caractérisé en ce que, en regard de l'une au moins des faces de ladite bande (5, 16) et au voisinage de la zone d'impact (I) du métal ou de l'alliage fondu sur cette bande (5, 16) est disposé au moins un caisson (7) comportant au moins un orifice (8) d'éjection d'un fluide avantageusement gazeux sous pression, de préférence à basse température, créant entre ledit caisson (7) et ladite bande (5, 16) un coussin fluide qui la maintient en position sans frottement contre ledit caisson (7).1. Device for hyper-soaking a metal or an alloy (3) during its shaping of thin ribbon (6), this device comprising a strip (5, 16) running at high speed below an orifice (4) pressure ejection of a metal or an alloy in the molten state and being characterized in that, facing at least one of the faces of said strip (5, 16) and in the vicinity of the zone impact (I) of the molten metal or alloy on this strip (5, 16) is disposed at least one box (7) comprising at least one orifice (8) for ejecting an advantageously gaseous fluid under pressure , preferably at low temperature, creating between said box (7) and said strip (5, 16) a fluid cushion which maintains it in position without friction against said box (7). 2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ledit caisson (7) est disposé au moins en amont de la zone d'impact (I) du métal fondu sur ladite bande (5, 16) et, de préférence, en regard de la face d'impact.2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that said box (7) is arranged at least upstream of the impact zone (I) of the molten metal on said strip (5, 16) and, preferably, opposite of the impact face. 3. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que ledit caisson (7) comporte une pluralité d'orifices (8, 10, 12, 14) d'éjection d'un gaz sous pression alignés suivant au moins une droite parallèle ou perpendiculaire à la direction d'avancement de ladite bande, ou au moins un orifice en forme de fente rectiligne de préférence disposée sous la ligne médiane de ladite bande.3. Device according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that said box (7) comprises a plurality of orifices (8, 10, 12, 14) for ejecting a pressurized gas aligned along at least a straight line parallel or perpendicular to the direction of advancement of said strip, or at least one orifice in the form of a rectilinear slot preferably arranged under the center line of said strip. 4. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, dans lequel ladite bande (5, 16) est constituée par un ruban métallique continu entraîné par un organe moteur (17) et passant sur des organes de renvoi (18, 19), caractérisé en ce que l'un au moins desdits organes de renvoi est constitué par un caisson (33) courbe fixe comprenant un ou plusieurs orifices (34) d'éjection d'un fluide avantageusement gazeux sous pression, de préférence à basse température, en vue de créer entre ledit caisson (33) et ladite bande (5, 16) un coussin fluide qui la maintient en position sans frottement contre ledit caisson.4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, in which said strip (5, 16) is constituted by a continuous metallic strip driven by a motor member (17) and passing over return members (18, 19), characterized in that at least one of said return members consists of a fixed curved box (33) comprising one or more orifices (34) for ejecting an advantageously gaseous fluid under pressure, preferably at low temperature, in view of creating between said box (33) and said strip (5, 16) a fluid cushion which maintains it in position without friction against said box. 5. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte, en aval de la zone d'impact du métal fondu et en regard de la face opposée à la face d'impact, un caisson à effet Coanda (7, 33), de préférence concave, disposé de telle manière que la bande mobile suive, à la suite de l'impact (I) du métal liquide, une portion de trajet présentant une courbure correspondant à une concavité de la face d'impact de ladite bande (5, 16).5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it comprises, downstream of the impact zone of the molten metal and opposite the face opposite to the impact face, an effect box Coanda (7, 33), preferably concave, arranged in such a way that the movable strip follows, following the impact (I) of the molten metal, a portion of path having a curvature corresponding to a concavity of the face d impact of said strip (5, 16). 6. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une enceinte (20), dans laquelle est disposé l'orifice (4) d'éjection sous pression du métal ou de l'alliage fondu et que traverse en continu ladite bande (16), pour le passage de laquelle ladite enceinte (20) comprend une fente d'entrée (26a) et une porte de sortie (27a) ayant un seuil interne (S), au moins un orifice (32) étant prévu dans ladite enceinte pour la maîtrise de l'atmosphère et en particulier faire office de prise de vide.6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it comprises an enclosure (20), in which is disposed the orifice (4) for ejection under pressure of the molten metal or alloy and continuously traversed by said strip (16), for the passage of which said enclosure (20) comprises an entry slot (26a) and an exit door (27a) having an internal threshold (S), at least one orifice ( 32) being provided in said enclosure for controlling the atmosphere and in particular acting as a vacuum. 7. Dispositif selon la revendication 6, caractéris en ce que la ou lesdites prises de vide (32) sont disposées au voisinage immédiat de la porte (27a) de sortie de ladite enceinte (20).7. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the said vacuum outlet (s) (32) are arranged in the immediate vicinity of the door (27a) for exit from said enclosure (20). 8. Dispositif selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte deux prises de vide (32) disposées latéralement par rapport à ladite bande (16), suivant chaque bord de celle-ci, sensiblement dans son plan.8. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that it comprises two vacuum intakes (32) arranged laterally with respect to said strip (16), along each edge thereof, substantially in its plane. 9. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 6 à 8, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte au moins deux caissons à effet Coanda dont l'un est situé à l'amont et l'autre à l'aval de l'enceinte (20).9. Device according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that it comprises at least two Coanda effect chambers, one of which is located upstream and the other downstream of the enclosure ( 20). 10. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 6 à 9, caractérisé en ce que ladite enceinte (20) comporte, à titre de paroi inférieure, la platine d'un support (21) refroidi dont les extrémités extérieures à l'enceinte constituent des caissons à effet Coanda tels que prévus pour ladite bande (16) au voisinage de la zone d'impact (1).10. Device according to one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that said enclosure (20) comprises, as a bottom wall, the plate of a support (21) cooled whose ends outside the enclosure constitute Coanda effect boxes as provided for said strip (16) in the vicinity of the impact zone (1). 11. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 6 à 10, caractérisé en ce que la distance (IS) de la zone d'impact (I) au seuil interne (S) de la porte de sortie (27a, 28, 31) est inférieure à une distance critique telle que la température du ruban (6) lors du franchissement dudit seuil (S) est encore suffisamment élevée pour garantir l'adhérence dudit ruban (6) à la bande (16).11. Device according to one of claims 6 to 10, characterized in that the distance (IS) from the impact zone (I) to the internal threshold (S) of the exit door (27a, 28, 31) is less than a critical distance such that the temperature of the strip (6) when crossing said threshold (S) is still sufficiently high to guarantee the adhesion of said strip (6) to the strip (16). 12. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 6 à 10, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte, dans l'enceinte (20), au dessus et à très faible distance du ruban (6) supporté par la bande (16), une pièce (28, 31) présentant une surface sensiblement parallèle à celui-ci et le recouvrant jusqu'à la sortie, à partir d'une distance de la zone d'impact (I) telle que la température du ruban (6), lors du franchissement du seuil (S) de ladite pièce (28, 31), est encore suffisamment élevée-pour garantir l'adhérence dudit ruban (6) à la bande (16).12. Device according to one of claims 6 to 10, characterized in that it comprises, in the enclosure (20), above and at very short distance from the strip (6) supported by the strip (16), a part (28, 31) having a surface substantially parallel to it and covering it up to the outlet, from a distance from the impact zone (I) such as the temperature of the ribbon (6), during crossing the threshold (S) of said piece (28, 31) is still high enough to guarantee the adhesion of said tape (6) to the strip (16). 13. Dispositif selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que la surface inférieure de la pièce (28, 31) recouvrant le ruban (6) jusqu'à la sortie forme un angle compris entre 0 et 5° avec le ruban, angle dont l'ouverture est dirigée vers le jet métallique.13. Device according to claim 12, characterized in that the lower surface of the part (28, 31) covering the strip (6) up to the exit forms an angle between 0 and 5 ° with the tape, angle whose opening is directed towards the metal jet. 14. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisé en ce que l'axe d'éjection du métal ou de l'alliage fondu est incliné par rapport à ladite bande, en formant un angle aigu, ouvert vers l'amont, avec la bande (5, 16).14. Device according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the axis of ejection of the molten metal or alloy is inclined relative to said strip, forming an acute angle, open upstream , with the strip (5, 16). 15. Procédé de fabrication de rubans minces métalliques (6) par projection d'un jet de métal ou d'alliage fondu sur un substrat froid se déplaçant à grande vitesse, caractérisé en ce que l'impact du jet et le formage du ruban au contact du substrat, sont effectués dans une atmosphère sous pression réduite et en ce qu'avant que sa température n'atteigne la température de vitrification dudit alliage métallique, le ruban est amené dans une atmosphère de pression supérieure.15. Method for manufacturing thin metallic ribbons (6) by spraying a jet of molten metal or alloy onto a cold substrate moving at high speed, characterized in that the impact of the jet and the forming of the ribbon by contact with the substrate, are carried out in an atmosphere under reduced pressure and in that before its temperature reaches the vitrification temperature of said metal alloy, the ribbon is brought into an atmosphere of higher pressure. 16. Rubans métalliques vitreux obtenus par application du dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 14, ou en mettant en oeuvre le procédé selon la revendication 15.16. vitreous metallic ribbons obtained by applying the device according to one of claims 1 to 14, or by implementing the method according to claim 15.
EP81401145A 1980-07-18 1981-07-20 Process and means for casting thin, chilled ribbons by continuous casting Expired EP0044786B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8015918 1980-07-18
FR8015918A FR2486838A1 (en) 1980-07-18 1980-07-18 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING CAST DUMPED THIN RIBBONS ON A CONTINUOUS DEFROSTING SUBSTRATE AND PRODUCTS OBTAINED

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EP0044786A1 true EP0044786A1 (en) 1982-01-27
EP0044786B1 EP0044786B1 (en) 1985-07-17

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EP81401145A Expired EP0044786B1 (en) 1980-07-18 1981-07-20 Process and means for casting thin, chilled ribbons by continuous casting

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US (2) US4520859A (en)
EP (1) EP0044786B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS5750253A (en)
BR (1) BR8104611A (en)
CA (1) CA1202552A (en)
DE (1) DE3171388D1 (en)
ES (1) ES8205365A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2486838A1 (en)
IE (1) IE51415B1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA814781B (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH671534A5 (en) * 1986-03-14 1989-09-15 Escher Wyss Ag
FR2784095B1 (en) * 1998-10-06 2001-09-21 Dowell Schlumberger Services CEMENTING COMPOSITIONS AND APPLICATION THEREOF FOR CEMENTING OIL WELLS OR THE LIKE
US6527043B2 (en) 2001-05-01 2003-03-04 Antaya Technologies Corporation Apparatus for casting solder on a moving strip

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US2886866A (en) * 1956-12-12 1959-05-19 Marvalaud Inc Apparatus and method for producing metal fibers and filaments
GB1093409A (en) * 1965-08-16 1967-11-29 Aluminum Co Of America Improvements in process and apparatus for continuous casting of metal ingots
FR2284386A1 (en) * 1974-09-11 1976-04-09 Dansk Ind Syndikat PLANT FOR THE MANUFACTURING OF MOLDED PARTS
US4077462A (en) * 1976-06-30 1978-03-07 Allied Chemical Corporation Chill roll casting of continuous filament
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FR2410368A1 (en) * 1977-11-28 1979-06-22 Shiro Maeda President Tohoku U PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING A THIN FLEXIBLE TAPE OF SUPPRACONDUCTOR

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US2886866A (en) * 1956-12-12 1959-05-19 Marvalaud Inc Apparatus and method for producing metal fibers and filaments
GB1093409A (en) * 1965-08-16 1967-11-29 Aluminum Co Of America Improvements in process and apparatus for continuous casting of metal ingots
FR2284386A1 (en) * 1974-09-11 1976-04-09 Dansk Ind Syndikat PLANT FOR THE MANUFACTURING OF MOLDED PARTS
US4077462A (en) * 1976-06-30 1978-03-07 Allied Chemical Corporation Chill roll casting of continuous filament
FR2382297A1 (en) * 1977-03-04 1978-09-29 Larex Ag PROCESS FOR COOLING AND GUIDING A CIRCULAR MOVING CASTING TAPE IN A CONTINUOUS CASTING DEVICE WITH METAL PLATES
FR2410368A1 (en) * 1977-11-28 1979-06-22 Shiro Maeda President Tohoku U PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING A THIN FLEXIBLE TAPE OF SUPPRACONDUCTOR

Also Published As

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DE3171388D1 (en) 1985-08-22
JPS5750253A (en) 1982-03-24
US4520859A (en) 1985-06-04
IE51415B1 (en) 1986-12-24
FR2486838B1 (en) 1983-12-23
IE811618L (en) 1982-01-18
EP0044786B1 (en) 1985-07-17
ES504058A0 (en) 1982-06-16
FR2486838A1 (en) 1982-01-22
BR8104611A (en) 1982-04-06
ZA814781B (en) 1982-07-28
JPH0435258B2 (en) 1992-06-10
US4562877A (en) 1986-01-07
ES8205365A1 (en) 1982-06-16
CA1202552A (en) 1986-04-01

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