EP0043747A1 - Acoustic remote control device testable by means of supply voltage variation - Google Patents

Acoustic remote control device testable by means of supply voltage variation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0043747A1
EP0043747A1 EP81400920A EP81400920A EP0043747A1 EP 0043747 A1 EP0043747 A1 EP 0043747A1 EP 81400920 A EP81400920 A EP 81400920A EP 81400920 A EP81400920 A EP 81400920A EP 0043747 A1 EP0043747 A1 EP 0043747A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
preamplifier
switch
supply
test
voltage
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EP81400920A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0043747B1 (en
Inventor
Bernard Audenard
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HBS
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C G R
HBS
CGR
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B29/00—Checking or monitoring of signalling or alarm systems; Prevention or correction of operating errors, e.g. preventing unauthorised operation
    • G08B29/12—Checking intermittently signalling or alarm systems
    • G08B29/123—Checking intermittently signalling or alarm systems of line circuits

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a remote acoustic control device testable by variation of the supply voltage. It relates more particularly to the field of monitoring by acoustic emission in industrial installations inaccessible during their operation.
  • the techniques used are called acoustic emission.
  • the appearance of the fault is random and constitutes an acoustic source.
  • the measuring devices therefore consist of piezoelectric sensors which emit electrical signals in response to the acoustic waves. These electrical signals are transmitted by lines to processing units, for example localization, discrimination, etc.
  • the devices known so far include a transducer specific to test operations, operating as an acoustic transmitter coupled to the monitored installation. When activated, it simulates an acoustic source accident and the responses of the various sensors are analyzed.
  • the disadvantage of this test device is first of all to increase the number of acoustic elements, therefore the number of lines and control elements.
  • the acoustic transmitter is subjected to the same constraints as the sensors. It can therefore have the same faults as the sensors it is supposed to test.
  • a remote acoustic control device comprising at least one measurement line, this measurement line comprising a sensor connected a short distance to a preamplifier, itself at great distance to a signal processing assembly by a two-wire connection line, one reserved for the signals to be processed and the other for supplying the measurement line; is characterized in that it also includes means for varying the supply voltage which remotely trigger means for switching the measurement line to test means.
  • a measurement line 1 of a control device according to the invention. It comprises a sensor 2 coupled to the monitored structure, connected to an assembly included in a box 19. This box 19 is placed a short distance from the sensor 2 to which it is electrically connected by a line 17 with two wires. The first is connected to the ground of the box 19 and the second to an amplifier contained in the box 19. The latter allows see the signals received by the processing unit 4 by a connection line 5 on the wire 6.
  • the DC current supply Vcc from the box 19 is provided by a wire 7 from the line 5.
  • a device 8 makes it possible to create, at the level of the processing unit 4, therefore at a distance from the structure monitored by the sensor 2, a variation in the supply voltage.
  • This device 8 can for example comprise a potentiometric assembly placed at the output of the regulated power supply which distributes the DC voltage Vcc of the power supply of all the components of the measurement lines.
  • the voltage variation can be caused by an operator, or by program, if the data acquisition by the processing unit is managed by computer.
  • the variation in supply voltage Vcc is of such amplitude that the preamplifier 3 is insensitive to it.
  • a voltage variation detector 9 which is connected to the wire 7 of the DC power supply Vcc by its input 20.
  • the output 21 of the detector 9 is connected to the control terminal 18 of a switch relay 16.
  • This switch relay 16 is connected to the output of a local pulse generator 15 supplied with DC voltage, for example from wire 7.
  • This generator 15 makes it possible to output a series of pulses from the measurement line 1. test. These pulses, when the switch relay 16 is closed, are sent on the one hand to the sensor 2, on the other hand to the preamplifier 3.
  • a first train is composed of the pulses which exit from the local generator 15 are amplified by the preamplifier 3.
  • a second train, said indirect pulses is composed of the electrical pulses constituting the response of the sensor 2, to various acoustic waves.
  • FIG. 2 A particular embodiment of a detector 9 of variation in supply voltage Vcc has been shown in FIG. 2.
  • a detector 9 comprises, from the input 20, a supply line for an operating amplifier 10 insensitive to the test variation chosen.
  • a polarization resistor 13 of a Zener diode 11 makes it possible to obtain a fixed voltage which is injected at one of the terminals of the amplifier 10.
  • a fraction of the supply voltage Vcc taken from the supply wire by the potentiometer 12 is injected at the other input terminal of the amplifier 10.
  • the comparison of these two voltages is such that a drop in voltage on the wire 7, insensitive for the supply of the amplifier 10 is compared with the reference voltage supplied by the diode 11.
  • a comparison signal is obtained.
  • Said comparison signal injected into the control terminal 18 of the switch relay 16, makes it possible to close the contact.
  • the local pulse generator 15 then outputs on the measurement line 1.
  • the potentiometer 8 When the potentiometer 8 is connected in its neutral position, the supply voltage returns to its nominal value. A new signal appears at the output terminal 21 of the detector 9 and reopens the contact of the switch relay 16.
  • the measurement line 1 is ready to operate.
  • FIG 3 there is shown another arrangement of the housing 19.
  • the switch relay 16 is placed on the supply line wire 7 of the local pulse generator 15. This arrangement makes it possible to start the operation of the generator 15 only when of the test.
  • the voltage variation is a voltage cancellation by cutting off the Vcc supply.
  • the measurement line 1 always includes the same basic elements, namely a sensor 2, a box 19 located nearby, a connection line 5 with a signal wire 6. and a supply wire 7 and a processing set for signal 4.
  • the box 19 also includes a preamplifier 3.
  • the switch 24 has two contacts 240 and 241 mechanically linked together so that the switches are simultaneous.
  • the eight-terminal switch 22 a, a, b, c, d, e, f, f has a sliding contact with two polarities which simultaneously makes the connections a - b and f -d or a - c and f - e.
  • the sensor 2 is connected to the two terminals denoted a connected to each other and the signal wire 6 to the two terminals denoted f.
  • a connection wire connects the two terminals marked b and d.
  • Terminal c is connected to the input of the preamplifier 3 and terminal e to its output.
  • the test position In the position (a - b, f - d) represented in FIG. 4, called the test position, it is noted that the sensor 2 is connected directly to the wire 6 of the connection line 5. In the second position, called the position of measurement, all the elements of measurement figure 1 namely: the sensor 2, the preamplifier 3, the connection line 5, are connected to the processing assembly 4. The signal transmission between the switch 24 and the part data acquisition 28 of the assembly 4 is done via the connection 26. The regulated power supply 30 then supplies the voltage Vcc via the connection 25 on the wire 7.
  • the switch 22 includes a control member 23 for its sliding contact.
  • This control member 23 can be composed for example of a two-position relay. The first is obtained by continuous supply of the relay. The second can be obtained by breaking the power supply, a spring not shown in Figure 4 recalling the sliding contact in a second position.
  • Contact 241 whose movement is linked to that of contact 240, switches to connect the signal wire 6 to connection 27 so as to connect a test pulse generator 29 on measurement line 1.
  • the test then takes place as described above. All of the maneuvers in the two devices described can be managed by program. Particularly in the case of a set central processing 4 which receives information from a large number of measurement lines each equipped with a remote control device according to the invention, the number of test signals to be processed can be considerable.
  • test system described finds application both in acoustic emission and in ultrasonic control.
  • test part of the sensor 2 is ensured in particular when several measurement lines are provided with remote test devices according to the invention, independent of each other. Indeed, each of their sensors like sensor 2 emits acoustic waves, part of which is received by sensor 2 which transforms them into electrical pulses also making up the second train of so-called indirect pulses.
  • the preamplifier 3 can be made insensitive to the voltage variation by a regulating device.
  • a typical example of application is to provide the + 12 volt power input of the preamplifier 3 with a regulator whose input is connected to the power wire 7, V DC varying from + 20 V to + 15 V by example.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Mechanical Vibrations Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

Le contrôle par émission acoustique d'installations industrielles inaccessibles en fonctionnement nécessitent un moyen de test de bonne marche des diverses lignes de mesures (1). Selon l'invention, chacune de celles-ci, qui comporte au moins un capteur (2), un préampli (3) et une ligne de liaison (5) à un ensemble de traitement (4) du signal acoustique, est placée en position test ou en position mesure par variation de l'alimentation continue. Dans une première variante, la baisse de tension, insensible pour le préamplificateur (3), déclenche un relais (16) qui place un générateur local d'impulsions de test (15) connecté entre le capteur (2) et le préamplificateur (3), à distance de l'ensemble de traitement (4). Dans une seconde variante, plus simple, la coupure de l'alimentation (8) déclenche le relais (15) qui place hors circuit le préamplificateur (3) et branche un générateur d'impulsions de test (15) situé sur l'ensemble de traitement (4). La présente invention permet de tester à distance des lignes de mesure sans lignes de surveillance ni d'opérateurs.The control by acoustic emission of industrial installations inaccessible in operation requires a means of testing the performance of the various measurement lines (1). According to the invention, each of these, which comprises at least one sensor (2), a preamp (3) and a connection line (5) to an assembly for processing (4) the acoustic signal, is placed in position. test or in measurement position by variation of the continuous supply. In a first variant, the voltage drop, insensitive to the preamplifier (3), triggers a relay (16) which places a local test pulse generator (15) connected between the sensor (2) and the preamplifier (3) , at a distance from the treatment unit (4). In a second, simpler variant, cutting the power supply (8) triggers the relay (15) which places the preamplifier (3) off and connects a test pulse generator (15) located on the set of treatment (4). The present invention makes it possible to remotely test measurement lines without monitoring lines or operators.

Description

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de contrôle acoustique à distance testable par variation de la tension d'alimentation. Elle concerne plus particulièrement le domaine de la surveillance par émission acoustique dans des installations industrielles inaccessibles pendant leur fonctionnement.The present invention relates to a remote acoustic control device testable by variation of the supply voltage. It relates more particularly to the field of monitoring by acoustic emission in industrial installations inaccessible during their operation.

De telles installations sont inaccessibles pour au moins deux raisons. Tout d'abord il peut s'agir d'installations qui ne sont pas accessibles quand elles fonctionnent (cas des réacteurs nucléaires, tous de cracking, haut fourneaux d'aciérie). Il peut s'agir aussi d'installations très éloignées du pose de saisie des données à surveiller. Il s'est avéré nécessaire cependant de réussir :

  • - à surveiller l'apparition de fissures (réacteurs nucléaires) ou des déplacements accidentels de parties solides dans des canalisations (turbines) etc ;
  • - à tester régulièrement en cours de surveillance l'état des ensembles de mesure.
Such facilities are inaccessible for at least two reasons. First of all, these can be installations which are not accessible when they are in operation (case of nuclear reactors, all of cracking, blast furnaces of steelworks). It can also be installations very far from the data entry pose to be monitored. However, it proved necessary to succeed:
  • - to monitor the appearance of cracks (nuclear reactors) or accidental movements of solid parts in pipes (turbines) etc;
  • - to regularly test the condition of the measuring systems during monitoring.

Les techniques utilisées sont dites à émission acoustique. L' apparition du défaut est aléatoire et constitue une source acoustique. Les dispositifs de mesure sont donc constitués de capteurs piézoélectriques qui émettent des signaux électriques en réponse aux ondes acoustiques. Ces signaux électriques sont transmis par des lignes à des ensembles de traitement par exemple de localisation, de discrimination, etc.The techniques used are called acoustic emission. The appearance of the fault is random and constitutes an acoustic source. The measuring devices therefore consist of piezoelectric sensors which emit electrical signals in response to the acoustic waves. These electrical signals are transmitted by lines to processing units, for example localization, discrimination, etc.

Les dispositifs de mesure sont soumis souvent à d'importantes contraintes. Il est donc nécessaire de tester leur état. Les caractéristiques à tester sont :

  • - le couplage du capteur avec le milieu à surveiller ;
  • - l'étalonnage des temps de transit, nécessité par les calibra- tions des ensembles de traitement,
  • - la vérification de la ligne de mesure.
Measuring devices are often subject to significant constraints. It is therefore necessary to test their condition. The characteristics to be tested are:
  • - coupling of the sensor with the medium to be monitored;
  • - the calibration of transit times, required by the calibrations of the processing units,
  • - verification of the measurement line.

Les dispositifs de l'art antérieur présentent un certain nombre d'inconvénients auxquels l'invention apporte remède.The devices of the prior art have a number of drawbacks to which the invention provides a remedy.

En effet, les dispositifs connus jusqu'à présent comportent un transducteur spécifique aux opérations de test, fonctionnant en émetteur acoustique couplé à l'installation surveillée. Quand il est activé, il simule un accident source acoustique et les réponses des différents capteurs sont analysées. L'inconvénient de ce dispositif de test est tout d'abord d'augmenter le nombre des éléments acoustiques, donc le nombre de lignes et d'éléments de commande. D'autre part, l'émetteur acoustique est soumis aux mêmes contraintes que les capteurs. Il peut donc présenter les mêmes défauts que les capteurs qu'il est censé tester.Indeed, the devices known so far include a transducer specific to test operations, operating as an acoustic transmitter coupled to the monitored installation. When activated, it simulates an acoustic source accident and the responses of the various sensors are analyzed. The disadvantage of this test device is first of all to increase the number of acoustic elements, therefore the number of lines and control elements. On the other hand, the acoustic transmitter is subjected to the same constraints as the sensors. It can therefore have the same faults as the sensors it is supposed to test.

Selon l'invention, un dispositif de contrôle acoustique à distance comportant au moins une ligne de mesure, cette ligne de mesure comportant un capteur relié à peu de distance à un préamplificateur, lui-même à forte distance à un ensemble de traitement du signal par une ligne de liaison à deux fils, l'un réservé aux signaux à traiter l'autre à l'alimentation de la ligne de mesure ; est caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte aussi des moyens de variation de la tension d'alimentation qui déclenchent à distance des moyens de commutation de la ligne de mesure sur des moyens de test.According to the invention, a remote acoustic control device comprising at least one measurement line, this measurement line comprising a sensor connected a short distance to a preamplifier, itself at great distance to a signal processing assembly by a two-wire connection line, one reserved for the signals to be processed and the other for supplying the measurement line; is characterized in that it also includes means for varying the supply voltage which remotely trigger means for switching the measurement line to test means.

La présente invention sera mieux comprise à l'aide de la description suivante qui concerne différents exemples de réalisation illustrés aux figures qui sont :

  • la figure 1 : un schéma d'une des lignes de mesure d'un dispositif de contrôle selon l'invention,
  • la figure 2 : un détail de la figure 1,
  • la figure 3 : une variante d'un détail de la figure 1,
  • la figure 4 : un schéma d'une des lignes de mesure d'une autre variante du dispositif de contrôle selon l'invention.
The present invention will be better understood with the aid of the following description which relates to various exemplary embodiments illustrated in the figures which are:
  • FIG. 1: a diagram of one of the measurement lines of a control device according to the invention,
  • FIG. 2: a detail of FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 3: a variant of a detail of FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 4: a diagram of one of the measurement lines of another variant of the control device according to the invention.

A la figure 1 a été représentée une ligne de mesure 1 d'un dispositif de contrôle selon l'invention. Elle comporte un capteur 2 couplé à la structure surveillée, reliée à un ensemble compris dans un boitier 19. Ce boitier 19 est placé à peu de distance du capteur 2 auquel il est électriquement relié par une ligne 17 à deux fils. Le premier est relié à la masse du boitier 19 et le second à un amplificateur contenu dans le boitier 19. Ce dernier permet d'envoyer les signaux captés à l'ensemble de traitement 4 par une ligne de liaison 5 sur le fil 6. L'alimentation en courant continu Vcc du boitier 19 est assurée par un fil 7 de la ligne 5.In Figure 1 is shown a measurement line 1 of a control device according to the invention. It comprises a sensor 2 coupled to the monitored structure, connected to an assembly included in a box 19. This box 19 is placed a short distance from the sensor 2 to which it is electrically connected by a line 17 with two wires. The first is connected to the ground of the box 19 and the second to an amplifier contained in the box 19. The latter allows see the signals received by the processing unit 4 by a connection line 5 on the wire 6. The DC current supply Vcc from the box 19 is provided by a wire 7 from the line 5.

Un dispositif 8 permet de créer, au niveau de l'ensemble de traitement 4, donc à distance de la structure surveillée par le capteur 2, une variation de la tension d'alimentation. Ce dispositif 8, peut comprendre par exemple un montage potentiométrique placé à la sortie de l'alimentation régulée qui distribue la tension continue Vcc de l'alimentation de tous les composants des lignes de mesure. La variation de tension peut être provoquée par un opérateur, ou par voie de programme, si l'acquisition des données par l'ensemble de traitement est gérée par ordinateur.A device 8 makes it possible to create, at the level of the processing unit 4, therefore at a distance from the structure monitored by the sensor 2, a variation in the supply voltage. This device 8, can for example comprise a potentiometric assembly placed at the output of the regulated power supply which distributes the DC voltage Vcc of the power supply of all the components of the measurement lines. The voltage variation can be caused by an operator, or by program, if the data acquisition by the processing unit is managed by computer.

La variation de tension d'alimentation Vcc est d'une amplitude telle que le préamplificateur 3 y est insensible. Par contre, elle est perçue par un détecteur de variation de tension 9 qui est connecté au fil 7 de l'alimentation continue Vcc par son entrée 20. La sortie 21 du détecteur 9 est connectée à la borne de commande 18 d'un relais interrupteur 16. Ce relais interrupteur 16 est connecté à la sortie d'un générateur local d'impulsions 15 alimenté en tension continue par exemple à partir du fil 7. Ce générateur 15 permet de débiter sur la ligne de mesure 1 une série d'impulsions de test. Ces impulsions, quand le relais interrupteur 16 est fermé, sont envoyées d'une part au capteur 2, d'autre part au préamplificateur 3.The variation in supply voltage Vcc is of such amplitude that the preamplifier 3 is insensitive to it. On the other hand, it is perceived by a voltage variation detector 9 which is connected to the wire 7 of the DC power supply Vcc by its input 20. The output 21 of the detector 9 is connected to the control terminal 18 of a switch relay 16. This switch relay 16 is connected to the output of a local pulse generator 15 supplied with DC voltage, for example from wire 7. This generator 15 makes it possible to output a series of pulses from the measurement line 1. test. These pulses, when the switch relay 16 is closed, are sent on the one hand to the sensor 2, on the other hand to the preamplifier 3.

Deux trains d'impulsions parviennent donc à l'ensemble de traitement 4. Un premier train, dit des impulsions directes, est composé des impulsions qui sortant du générateur local 15 sont amplifiées par le préamplificateur 3. Un second train, dit des impulsions indirectes, est composé des impulsions électriques constituant la réponse du capteur 2, aux ondes acoustiques diverses.Two trains of pulses therefore reach the processing unit 4. A first train, called direct pulses, is composed of the pulses which exit from the local generator 15 are amplified by the preamplifier 3. A second train, said indirect pulses, is composed of the electrical pulses constituting the response of the sensor 2, to various acoustic waves.

Un exemple particulier de réalisation de détecteur 9 de variation de tension d'alimentation Vcc a été représenté à la figure 2. Un tel détecteur 9 comporte à partir de l'entrée 20, une ligne d'alimentation d'un amplificateur opérationnant 10 insensible à la variation de test choisie. Un résistance 13 de polarisation d'une diode Zener 11 permet d'obtenir une tension fixe que l'on injecte à l'une des bornes de l'amplificateur 10. Une fraction de la tension d'alimentation Vcc prise sur le fil d'alimentation par le potentiomètre 12 est injectée à l'autre borne d'entrée de l'amplificateur 10. La comparaison de ces deux tensions est telle que, une baisse de tension sur le fil 7, insensible pour l'alimentation de l'amplificateur 10 est comparée à la tension de référence fournie par la diode 11. A la borne de sortie 21 on obtient un signal de comparaison.A particular embodiment of a detector 9 of variation in supply voltage Vcc has been shown in FIG. 2. Such a detector 9 comprises, from the input 20, a supply line for an operating amplifier 10 insensitive to the test variation chosen. A polarization resistor 13 of a Zener diode 11 makes it possible to obtain a fixed voltage which is injected at one of the terminals of the amplifier 10. A fraction of the supply voltage Vcc taken from the supply wire by the potentiometer 12 is injected at the other input terminal of the amplifier 10. The comparison of these two voltages is such that a drop in voltage on the wire 7, insensitive for the supply of the amplifier 10 is compared with the reference voltage supplied by the diode 11. At the output terminal 21 a comparison signal is obtained.

Le dit signal de comparaison, injecté sur la borne de commande 18 du relais interrupteur 16, permet de fermer le contact. Le générateur local d'impulsions 15 débite alors sur la ligne de mesure 1. Quand le potentiomètre 8 est connecté sur sa position neutre, la tension d'alimentation revient à sa valeur nominale. Un nouveau signal apparaît à la borne de sortie 21 du détecteur 9 et rouvre le contact du relais interrupteur 16. La ligne de mesure 1 est prête à fonctionner.Said comparison signal, injected into the control terminal 18 of the switch relay 16, makes it possible to close the contact. The local pulse generator 15 then outputs on the measurement line 1. When the potentiometer 8 is connected in its neutral position, the supply voltage returns to its nominal value. A new signal appears at the output terminal 21 of the detector 9 and reopens the contact of the switch relay 16. The measurement line 1 is ready to operate.

A la figure 3, on a représenté un autre arrangement du boitier 19. Le relais interrupteur 16 est placé sur le fil ligne d'alimentation 7 du générateur local d'impulsions 15. Cette disposition permet de lancer le fonctionnement du générateur 15 seulement au moment du test.In Figure 3, there is shown another arrangement of the housing 19. The switch relay 16 is placed on the supply line wire 7 of the local pulse generator 15. This arrangement makes it possible to start the operation of the generator 15 only when of the test.

A la figure 4, a été représentée une variante simplifiée du dispositif selon l'invention. La variation de tension est une annulation de tension par coupure de l'alimentation Vcc. La ligne de mesure 1 comporte toujours les mêmes éléments de base à savoir un capteur 2, un boitier 19 situé à proximité, une ligne de liaison 5 avec un fil de signal 6. et un fil d'alimentation 7 et un ensemble de traitement de signal 4. Le boitier 19 comporte aussi un préamplificateur 3.In Figure 4, a simplified variant of the device according to the invention has been shown. The voltage variation is a voltage cancellation by cutting off the Vcc supply. The measurement line 1 always includes the same basic elements, namely a sensor 2, a box 19 located nearby, a connection line 5 with a signal wire 6. and a supply wire 7 and a processing set for signal 4. The box 19 also includes a preamplifier 3.

Deux commutateurs 22 et 24 permettent de réaliser l'annulation. Le commutateur 24 comporte deux contact 240 et 241 liés mécaniquement ensemble de façon à ce que les commutations soient simultanées.Two switches 22 and 24 allow the cancellation to be carried out. The switch 24 has two contacts 240 and 241 mechanically linked together so that the switches are simultaneous.

Le commutateur 22 à huit bornes a, a, b, c, d, e, f, f, comporte un contact glissant à deux polarités qui réalise simultanément les connections a - b et f -d ou a - c et f - e. Le capteur 2 est relié aux deux bornes notées a reliées entre elles et le fil de signal 6 aux deux bornes notées f. Un fil de connexion relie les deux bornes notées b et d. La borne c est reliée à l'entrée du préamplificateur 3 et la borne e à sa sortie.The eight-terminal switch 22 a, a, b, c, d, e, f, f, has a sliding contact with two polarities which simultaneously makes the connections a - b and f -d or a - c and f - e. The sensor 2 is connected to the two terminals denoted a connected to each other and the signal wire 6 to the two terminals denoted f. A connection wire connects the two terminals marked b and d. Terminal c is connected to the input of the preamplifier 3 and terminal e to its output.

Dans la position (a - b, f - d) représentée sur la figure 4, dite position de test, on remarque que le capteur 2 est branché directement sur le fil 6 de la ligne de liaison 5. Dans le seconde position, dite position de mesure, tous les éléments de la figure de mesure 1 à savoir : le capteur 2, le préamplificateur 3, la ligne de liaison 5, sont connectés à l'ensemble de traitement 4. La transmission de signal entre le commutateur 24 et la partie acquisition de données 28 de l'ensemble 4 se fait via la connexion 26. L'alimentation régulée 30 débite alors la tension Vcc par la connexion 25 sur le fil 7.In the position (a - b, f - d) represented in FIG. 4, called the test position, it is noted that the sensor 2 is connected directly to the wire 6 of the connection line 5. In the second position, called the position of measurement, all the elements of measurement figure 1 namely: the sensor 2, the preamplifier 3, the connection line 5, are connected to the processing assembly 4. The signal transmission between the switch 24 and the part data acquisition 28 of the assembly 4 is done via the connection 26. The regulated power supply 30 then supplies the voltage Vcc via the connection 25 on the wire 7.

Quand l'opérateur désire réaliser un test de la ligne de mesure 1, il manoeuvre le commutateur 24. Le contact 240 bascule à la masse (comme représenté sur la figure 4). L'alimentation Vcc du boitier 19 est coupée. La coupure de tension sur le fil 7 permet, par sa borne 23 de déclencher le commutateur 22 en position test : a - b et f - d.When the operator wishes to carry out a test of the measurement line 1, he operates the switch 24. The contact 240 switches to ground (as shown in FIG. 4). The supply Vcc of the box 19 is cut. The voltage cut on the wire 7 allows, by its terminal 23 to trigger the switch 22 in the test position: a - b and f - d.

Le commutateur 22 comporte un organe de commande 23 de son contact glissant. Cet organe de commande 23 peut être composé par exemple d'un relais à deux positions. La première est obtenue par alimentation continue du relais. La seconde peut être obtenue par rupture de l'alimentation, un ressort non représenté sur la figure 4 rappellant le contact glissant sur une seconde position.The switch 22 includes a control member 23 for its sliding contact. This control member 23 can be composed for example of a two-position relay. The first is obtained by continuous supply of the relay. The second can be obtained by breaking the power supply, a spring not shown in Figure 4 recalling the sliding contact in a second position.

Le contact 241, dont le mouvement est lié à celui du contact 240, bascule pour relier le fil 6 de signal à la connexion 27 de façon à relier un générateur d'impulsions 29 de test sur la ligne de mesure 1.Contact 241, whose movement is linked to that of contact 240, switches to connect the signal wire 6 to connection 27 so as to connect a test pulse generator 29 on measurement line 1.

Le test se déroule alors comme il a été décrit plus haut. L'ensemble des manoeuvres, dans les deux dispositifs décrits, peut être géré par programme. En particulier dans le cas d'un ensemble central de traitement 4 qui reçoit des informations d'un grand nombre de lignes de mesures équipées chacune d'un dispositif de contrôle à distance selon l'invention, le nombre des signaux de test à traiter peut être considérable.The test then takes place as described above. All of the maneuvers in the two devices described can be managed by program. Particularly in the case of a set central processing 4 which receives information from a large number of measurement lines each equipped with a remote control device according to the invention, the number of test signals to be processed can be considerable.

Le système de test décrit trouve application aussi bien en émission acoustique qu'en contrôle ultrasonore. En effet, le capteur 2, excité par le générateur d'impulsions 15, émet des ondes acoustiques dont une fraction est réfléchie par des variations d'impédance acoustique, c'est-à-dire par des obstacles et renvoyée au capteur 2. Celui-ci renvoie au système de traitement 4 un train d'impulsions indirectes comprenant des échos ce qui est très souvent le cas en ondes ultrasonores.The test system described finds application both in acoustic emission and in ultrasonic control. Indeed, the sensor 2, excited by the pulse generator 15, emits acoustic waves, a fraction of which is reflected by variations in acoustic impedance, that is to say by obstacles and returned to the sensor 2. That - This refers to the processing system 4 a train of indirect pulses including echoes which is very often the case in ultrasonic waves.

En émission acoustique, la partie test du capteur 2 est assurée en particulier quand plusieurs lignes de mesure sont munies de dispositifs de test à distance selon l'invention, indépendantes les unes des autres. En effet, chacun de leurs capteurs comme le capteur 2 émet des ondes acoustiques dont une part est reçue par le capteur 2 qui les transforme en impulsions électriques composant aussi le second train d'impulsions dites indirectes.In acoustic emission, the test part of the sensor 2 is ensured in particular when several measurement lines are provided with remote test devices according to the invention, independent of each other. Indeed, each of their sensors like sensor 2 emits acoustic waves, part of which is received by sensor 2 which transforms them into electrical pulses also making up the second train of so-called indirect pulses.

Divers aménagements peuvent être apportés à l'invention. Ainsi les diverses masses électriques décrites peuvent être reliées à la masse du système de traitement 4.Various adjustments can be made to the invention. Thus the various electrical masses described can be linked to the ground of the processing system 4.

Le préamplificateur 3 peut être rendu insensible à la variation de tension par un dispositif régulateur. Un exemple typique d'application est de munir l'entrée d'alimentation + 12 volts du préamplificateur 3 d'un régulateur dont l'entrée est connectée au fil 7 d'alimentation, Vcc variant de + 20 V à + 15 V par exemple.The preamplifier 3 can be made insensitive to the voltage variation by a regulating device. A typical example of application is to provide the + 12 volt power input of the preamplifier 3 with a regulator whose input is connected to the power wire 7, V DC varying from + 20 V to + 15 V by example.

Claims (15)

1. Dispositif de contrôle acoustique à distance comportant au moins une ligne de mesure, cette ligne de mesure (1) comportant au moins un capteur (2) relié à peu de distance à un préamplificateur (3) relié à longue distance à un ensemble de traitement du signal (4) par une ligne de liaison (5) comportant un fil (6) de transmission du signal et un fil (7) d'alimentation, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des moyens de variation de la tension d'alimentation qui déclenchent à distance des moyens de commutation de la ligne de mesure (1) sur des moyens de test.1. Remote acoustic control device comprising at least one measurement line, this measurement line (1) comprising at least one sensor (2) connected at a short distance to a preamplifier (3) connected at long distance to a set of signal processing (4) by a connection line (5) comprising a signal transmission wire (6) and a supply wire (7), characterized in that it includes means for varying the voltage power supply which remotely triggers switching means of the measurement line (1) on test means. 2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de variation de la tension d'alimentation comprennent un potentiomètre (8) sur la ligne (7) d'alimentation, implanté sur le dispositif de traitement du signal (4).2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the means for varying the supply voltage comprise a potentiometer (8) on the supply line (7), located on the signal processing device (4). 3. Dispositif selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un détecteur (9) de variation de tension d'alimentation du préamplificateur (3) et en ce que le potentiomètre (8) crée une variation de tension insensible pour le préamplificateur (3).3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that it comprises a detector (9) of variation in supply voltage of the preamplifier (3) and in that the potentiometer (8) creates an insensible voltage variation for the preamplifier (3). 4. Dispositif selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le détecteur de variation de tension (9) de l'alimentation Vcc du préamplificateur (3) comporte un montage comparateur (10) de la tension d'alimentation Vcc fournie à une borne (20) à une tension constante fournie par une source de tension (11).4. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the voltage variation detector (9) of the supply Vcc of the preamplifier (3) comprises a comparator assembly (10) of the supply voltage Vcc supplied to a terminal ( 20) at a constant voltage supplied by a voltage source (11). 5. Dispositif selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que le montage comparateur comprend un amplificateur (10) alimenté par la connexion 20, la source de tension étant constituée d'une diode Zener (11) polarisée par une résistance (13) et un potentiomètre (12) de valeur sensiblement plus élevée que celle de la résistance (13) et en ce que le montage comparateur compare une fraction de la tension d'alimentation Vcc prise au potentiomètre (12) à la tension de référence fournie par la diode Zener (11).5. Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the comparator assembly comprises an amplifier (10) supplied by connection 20, the voltage source consisting of a Zener diode (11) polarized by a resistor (13) and a potentiometer (12) of value significantly higher than that of the resistor (13) and in that the comparator assembly compares a fraction of the supply voltage Vcc taken at the potentiometer (12) with the reference voltage supplied by the Zener diode (11). 6. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de test comportent un générateur local d'impulsions (15).6. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the test means comprise a local pulse generator (15). 7. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou 6, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de commutation de la ligne de mesure (1) sur les moyens de test comportent un relais interrupteur (16) commandé par sa borne (17) de commande reliée à la sortie (21) du détecteur (9) de variation de la tension d'alimentation.7. Device according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that the means for switching the measurement line (1) to the test means comprise a switch relay (16) controlled by its control terminal (17) connected to the output (21) of the detector (9) of variation of the supply voltage. 8. Dispositif selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que le capteur (2) est placé à proximité d'un boitier (19) isolant des influences extérieures le préamplificateur (3), le détecteur de variation de tension (9), le générateur local d'impulsions (15) et le relais interrupteur (16).8. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the sensor (2) is placed near a box (19) isolating from external influences the preamplifier (3), the voltage variation detector (9), the generator pulse room (15) and the switch relay (16). 9. Dispositif selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que le sortie du générateur local d'impulsions (15) est connectée par l'intermédiaire du relais interrupteur entre le capteur (2) et le préamplificateur (3).9. Device according to claim 8, characterized in that the output of the local pulse generator (15) is connected via the switch relay between the sensor (2) and the preamplifier (3). 10. Dispositif selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que le relais interrupteur (16) est placé sur une dérivation de la ligne d'alimentation (7), connectée à l'entrée du générateur local d'impulsions (15).10. Device according to claim 9, characterized in that the switch relay (16) is placed on a branch of the supply line (7), connected to the input of the local pulse generator (15). 11. Dispositif selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que le relais interrupteur (16) est connecté à la sortie du générateur local d'impulsions (15) et sur la liaison (17) entre le capteur (2) et le préamplificateur (3).11. Device according to claim 9, characterized in that the switch relay (16) is connected to the output of the local pulse generator (15) and on the link (17) between the sensor (2) and the preamplifier (3 ). 12. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de variation de la tension d'alimentation Vcc comportent des moyens d'interruption qui déclenchent d'une part les moyens de test, d'autre part commutent la ligne de mesure (1) en position de test.12. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the means for varying the supply voltage Vcc comprise interrupting means which trigger on the one hand the test means, on the other hand switch the measurement line ( 1) in the test position. 13. Dispositif selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que les moyens d'interruption comportent : - un commutateur (24) placé à proximité de l'ensemble de traitement (4) qui dans une position place la ligne de liaison en position mesure et dans l'autre en position test, - un commutateur (22) placé à proximité du capteur (2) qui dans la position mesure du commutateur (24) place le préamplificateur (3) dans la ligne de mesure (1) et dans la position test le remplace par un court circuit (b - d), et en ce que le commutateur (22) est commandé de sa borne (23) par la coupure de l'alimentation provoquée sur le fil 6 par le commutateur (24). 13. Device according to claim 12, characterized in that the interruption means comprise: a switch (24) placed near the processing unit (4) which in one position places the connecting line in the measurement position and in the other in the test position, - a switch (22) placed near the sensor (2) which in the measurement position of the switch (24) places the preamp ficitor (3) in the measurement line (1) and in the test position replaces it with a short circuit (b - d), and in that the switch (22) is controlled from its terminal (23) by the interruption of the supply caused on the wire 6 by the switch (24). 14. Dispositif selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que le commutateur (24) est manoeuvré par un opérateur et en ce qu'il comporte deux doigts de contact (240, 241) solidaires, le premier couplant le fil (7) à une liaison (25) avec une alimentation régulée14. Device according to claim 13, characterized in that the switch (24) is operated by an operator and in that it comprises two contact fingers (240, 241) integral, the first coupling the wire (7) to a link (25) with a regulated power supply (30) ou à la masse, le second couplant le fil (6) ou bien sur un fil (26) de liaison avec un dispositif d'acquisition du signal (28) de l'ensemble de traitement (4) ou bien sur une liaison (27) à un générateur d'impulsions (29) de test.(30) or to earth, the second coupling the wire (6) or else on a wire (26) connecting with a signal acquisition device (28) of the processing assembly (4) or else on a connection (27) to a test pulse generator (29).
EP81400920A 1980-07-08 1981-06-10 Acoustic remote control device testable by means of supply voltage variation Expired EP0043747B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8015158 1980-07-08
FR8015158A FR2486674A1 (en) 1980-07-08 1980-07-08 REMOTE ACOUSTIC CONTROL DEVICE TESTING BY VARIATION OF POWER SUPPLY VOLTAGE

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EP0043747A1 true EP0043747A1 (en) 1982-01-13
EP0043747B1 EP0043747B1 (en) 1985-01-16

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EP81400920A Expired EP0043747B1 (en) 1980-07-08 1981-06-10 Acoustic remote control device testable by means of supply voltage variation

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US (1) US4445206A (en)
EP (1) EP0043747B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS5749820A (en)
CA (1) CA1189610A (en)
DE (1) DE3168287D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2486674A1 (en)

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JPH0638280Y2 (en) * 1987-02-09 1994-10-05 株式会社ゼクセル Heating device
IT1226633B (en) * 1988-07-15 1991-01-28 Enea INSTRUMENT FOR MEASURING THE INTENSITY OF CAVITATION OR BOILING IN A LIQUID
US5477504A (en) * 1994-10-07 1995-12-19 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Balanced, double-sided calibration circuit for sensor element and differential preamplifier
CA2388451A1 (en) * 2002-05-31 2003-11-30 Siemens Milltronics Process Instruments Inc. Method and apparatus for on-board calibration in pulse-echo acoustic ranging system
US7505363B2 (en) 2006-04-10 2009-03-17 Airmar Technology Corporation Automatic switch for marine sounders
US9775336B2 (en) * 2013-12-06 2017-10-03 Airmar Technology Corporation Acoustic projector with source level monitoring and control

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DE1566814A1 (en) * 1967-03-08 1970-04-30 Neumann Elektronik Gmbh Procedure and arrangement for testing or remote monitoring of telecommunications systems with electroacoustic converters
FR2367325A1 (en) * 1976-10-06 1978-05-05 Courtois Michel Automatic acoustic surveillance system - has automatic function control and uses common line for surveillance and control signals
GB1569565A (en) * 1976-11-18 1980-06-18 Elliott D Method of and apparatus for testing an electrical network

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0043747B1 (en) 1985-01-16
FR2486674B1 (en) 1982-10-01
CA1189610A (en) 1985-06-25
US4445206A (en) 1984-04-24
JPS5749820A (en) 1982-03-24
DE3168287D1 (en) 1985-02-28
FR2486674A1 (en) 1982-01-15

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