EP0030909B1 - Transitioning devices and process between a ship and a fixed off-shore structure - Google Patents

Transitioning devices and process between a ship and a fixed off-shore structure Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0030909B1
EP0030909B1 EP80430024A EP80430024A EP0030909B1 EP 0030909 B1 EP0030909 B1 EP 0030909B1 EP 80430024 A EP80430024 A EP 80430024A EP 80430024 A EP80430024 A EP 80430024A EP 0030909 B1 EP0030909 B1 EP 0030909B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gangway
ship
boat
deck
orientable
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP80430024A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0030909A2 (en
EP0030909A3 (en
Inventor
Alain Bougaran
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Chambon - Generale De Remorquage Et De Travaux Maritimes Par Actions Dite Cie SC Ste
Original Assignee
Chambon - Generale De Remorquage Et De Travaux Maritimes Par Actions Dite Cie SC Ste
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Publication of EP0030909A2 publication Critical patent/EP0030909A2/en
Publication of EP0030909A3 publication Critical patent/EP0030909A3/en
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Publication of EP0030909B1 publication Critical patent/EP0030909B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D15/00—Movable or portable bridges; Floating bridges
    • E01D15/24—Bridges or similar structures, based on land or on a fixed structure and designed to give access to ships or other floating structures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
    • B63B27/14—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers of ramps, gangways or outboard ladders ; Pilot lifts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
    • B63B27/30—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for transfer at sea between ships or between ships and off-shore structures

Definitions

  • the subject of the invention is devices and a method for transferring personnel or small equipment, between a boat and a fixed structure, such as an oil research platform, a buoy, an isolated lighthouse, a moored oil ship. serving as storage and any other similar fixed or semi-fixed structure, located at sea.
  • a fixed structure such as an oil research platform, a buoy, an isolated lighthouse, a moored oil ship. serving as storage and any other similar fixed or semi-fixed structure, located at sea.
  • the technical sector of the invention is that of the construction of equipment for maritime transport and research at sea.
  • transhipments can be carried out by means of a basket or a net suspended from a crane which belongs to the fixed structure.
  • This system is very dangerous because the boat is subject to swell movements, which creates the risk of a sudden impact between the basket or the net and the deck of the boat.
  • transshipment bridges have been proposed.
  • the attachment of the bridge to the fixed structure must be at a level sufficient to be out of reach of the wave crests at high tide. This results in a significant drop in height at low tide between the deck of the ship and the end of the gangway attached to the structure. If such a gangway is relatively short, the upward slope is significant, which makes transshipment of the material difficult. To avoid a slope that is too steep, a longer gangway must be used, which increases the cost and complicates the handling of the gangway.
  • transhipment devices carried by a boat which are composed of an extendable gangway, for example a gangway composed of a flexible strip and a reel.
  • An objective of the present invention is to provide transshipment devices of the orientable gangway type articulated to the fixed structure around at least one vertical axis, which remedy the faults of the gangways known to date and which in particular allow the boat to follow freely swell movements without creating constraints in the gangway, which makes it possible to build lighter gangways than gangways of this known type.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide transhipment devices which can equip fixed structures which are unmanned and devoid of any source of energy.
  • the transfer devices according to the invention comprise, in a known manner, an orientable gangway, one end of which is articulated to a fixed structure around a vertical axis and it comprises means for orienting the gangway in the axis of a boat by rotating it around this vertical axis.
  • gangways of this known type which further comprise an air cushion which is intended to bear on a clear area of the deck of the boat to support the second end of the gangway a simple sliding press.
  • a transfer device comprises a staircase which is articulated at the second end of the gangway and which is supported on a clear area of the deck of the boat by means of an air cushion.
  • the lower end of the staircase is connected to the air cushion by means of a suspension, for example an oleopneumatic suspension and a ball joint.
  • a suspension for example an oleopneumatic suspension and a ball joint.
  • a particular device comprises an orientable drum which pivots about a vertical axis and which comprises two vertical cylinder portions centered on said vertical axis and two arms which interconnect two ends of said cylinder portions, which arms and portions of cylinders are symmetrical two by two with respect to an axial plane and it comprises two ropes of the same length, one end of which is hooked respectively to the free end of each of the two arms and the two other ends of which are fixed to a member of common attachment which is intended to be moored at the rear end of said boat, so that when the boat exerts traction on the ropes these are pressed against the cylinder portions and exert on the orientable drum a torque which brings said said axial plane of symmetry and the steerable gangway in the axis of the boat.
  • the gangway is composed of side members and a beam which form a parallelogram articulated around four horizontal axes, two axes of which are articulated on the structure which supports the staircase.
  • a device comprises a substantially horizontal orientable gangway and the staircase which connects the free end of the gangway to the deck of the boat is an extendable staircase formed by several flights articulated one at a other and foldable or unfoldable under the action of a jack and connecting rods and the lower end of the last lower flight carries an air cushion which comes to bear on the deck of the boat.
  • the invention results in new devices for transferring personnel, equipment or food between a boat and a fixed structure located in the open sea and not sheltered, for example an offshore oil research platform or any other structure. fixed or similar semi-fixed.
  • the transfer devices according to the invention are designed to serve structures located on the open sea which may be inhabited or uninhabited and which may or may not be provided with energy sources.
  • the transfer devices according to the invention are supported on a clear area located aft of the deck of the serving boat, by means of an air cushion which constitutes a simple support, sliding freely on the deck.
  • an air cushion which constitutes a simple support, sliding freely on the deck.
  • the transverse horizontal movements of the boat are compensated for by the orientation of the gangway around its vertical pivot axis.
  • the vertical movements of the boat result in a pivoting of the gangway in the vertical plane in the case of a tilting gangway.
  • an extendable staircase formed by several flights hinged together is inserted between the gangway and the deck of the boat and, in this case, the vertical movements of the boat are compensated by the variations in total height of the extendable staircase.
  • the staircase makes it possible to step over obstacles that would be at the rear end of the ship.
  • the pivoting drum which equips the devices according to the invention in association with two ropes of the same length forming a crow's feet which is moored to the boat and kept taut, by this allow to keep the gangway oriented in the axis of the boat with constant torque throughout the transhipment period.
  • Figures 1 and 2 show a part 1 of a fixed structure located in the open sea, for example a corner stack of an oil research platform or any other similar structure for example of an oceanographic buoy, d '' a fixed beacon, a lighthouse, etc.
  • Reference 2 represents the rear end of a boat which brings personnel and / or small equipment intended for the structure.
  • the boat can be of any known type used for supplying the structure with food or material or for relieving the teams.
  • the structure 1 can also be a semi-fixed structure, for example an oil tanker or a work or hotel ship which is anchored.
  • the transfer device according to the invention is designed to be able to be used with unmanned structures and devoid of any source of energy.
  • the reference 3 designates the entire transhipment device which allows the transfer of personnel and equipment between the boat and the structure or vice versa.
  • the transhipment device comprises a gangway 4 which is articulated to a console 5 fixed to the structure 1. It further comprises, at the end opposite the console, a staircase which connects the gangway to the rear end of the bridge of the boat 2.
  • the console 5 is fixed, for example by welding, to a corner stack 1 of the fixed structure and it projects beyond it. It supports two bearings 7a and 7b in which a vertical axis 8 journals.
  • the upper end of the console 5 forms a circular platform 9 for access to the bridge 4, which is centered on the axis 8.
  • the head of the axis 8, which projects above the platform 9, is associated with a rotary damper 10.
  • the vertical axis 8 carries an orientable drum 11 which comprises at the front two cylinder portions 13a and 13b centered on the axis 8 and, at the rear, two arms 12a and 12b which interconnect the rear ends of the portions cylindrical.
  • the arms 12a and 12b are symmetrical with respect to an axial plane PP 'as are the two cylinder portions 13a and 13b.
  • the drum 11 comprises two vertical flanges 14a and 14b symmetrical with respect to the plane PP ', which serve as bearings with two horizontal axes 15 and 16, perpendicular to the plane PP', around which the bridge 4 is articulated.
  • two flexible strands 17a and 17b are fixed. same length, for example two polyamide ropes, two cables or two straps, which converge towards a common attachment member 18, for example towards a ring, forming a crow's feet.
  • the two strands 17a and 17b are supported on the surfaces of the cylinders 13a and 13b so that when the crow's feet are pulled, the torque exerted on the drum 11 remains constant whatever the position of crow's feet.
  • the strands 17a and 17b support an umbilical cable 21 which is suspended from the strands of the crow's feet, for example by rings or by elastic hangers 22.
  • the umbilical cable 21 comprises several conduits through which compressed fluids are used to maneuver and maintain the gangway.
  • the sources of compressed fluids are on the boat 2.
  • the gangway 4 is made up of two superimposed metal structures and hinged together to form an articulated parallelogram.
  • the upper structure is formed by two beams 23a and 23b which are interconnected by spacers and which carry a deck 24, for example a deck of perforated or striated sheets or gratings serving as an access ramp.
  • the two longitudinal members have the form of a trellis structure visible in FIG. 1 and serve as guardrails on either side of the ramp.
  • the lower structure is constituted by a beam 25 or by two beams connected to each other by spacers.
  • the ends of the side members 23a and 23b and of the beam 25 situated on the side of the fixed structure 1 are articulated respectively around the horizontal axes 15 and 16 carried by the drum 11.
  • the ends of the side members 23a and 23b and of the beam 25 opposite the fixed structure 1 are articulated respectively around two horizontal axes 26 and 27.
  • the axes 26 and 27 are journalled in two flanges 28a and 28b which support the steps of the staircase 6.
  • the flanges 28a and 28b also carry guard rails 29 which frame the staircase.
  • the lower end of the flight of stairs 6 includes a step platform 30 equipped with a railing 31 which faces the stairs.
  • the platform 30 is slightly wider than the staircase, which facilitates access to the running board from the deck of the ship.
  • the flight of stairs 6 rests on the deck of the boat 2 by means of a device 32 of the air cushion type constituted by a set of vertical skirts open at their lower end into which compressed air is injected which escapes at the periphery of the lower end of the skirts.
  • FIG. 3 represents a horizontal section along III-III of the air cushion 32. It can be seen in this figure that the air cushion comprises a set of cylindrical skirts 32a placed inside a skirt 32b which surrounds them. Skirts 32a and 32b are vertical cylinders made of a flexible material, for example artificial rubber or elastomer.
  • This construction of the air cushion composed of a plurality of juxtaposed skirts allows that, even if one of the skirts is damaged or passes over a drop, the other skirts continue to play their lifting role.
  • the skirts are supplied with compressed area, for example through a conduit passing under the gangway then in the umbilical 21 which connects them to a compressor 35 carried by the boat 2.
  • the air cushion 32 is connected to the flight of stairs by a ball joint 33 which allows the air cushion to freely follow the roll and pitch movements of the boat and to remain in close contact over its entire surface with The bridge of the boat.
  • An oleopneumatic suspension 34 is interposed between the joint 33 and the flight of stairs. Its function is to absorb the impact of the air cushion on the deck of the boat, especially when descending from the bridge.
  • the air cushion 32 constitutes a simple support of the staircase and the gangway on the deck of the boat and this support can slide without friction in all directions provided that the rear of the boat has an area free of any obstacle .
  • the axial horizontal movements of the boat are not transmitted to the gangway, which avoids the creation of significant stresses in the gangway, the construction of which can therefore be reduced. In addition, this avoids transmitting shocks to the fixed structure.
  • the air cushion can be supplied with compressed air by a fan which is fixed under the gangway or under the stairs and which is driven by an electric motor which is supplied with electric energy by a conductor which passes through the umbilical 21 and which connects the motor to a source of electrical energy carried by the boat.
  • the air cushion 32 can be supplied directly from the boat, after having lowered the air cushion near the deck of the boat, by connecting a flexible pipe d compressed air connected to a compressor on a fitting carried by the air cushion.
  • the transfer device also comprises means for controlling the lifting of the bridge 4.
  • this means is a hydraulic cylinder 36 which is articulated, on the one hand, on the drum 11 and, on the other hand, on the gangway 4.
  • This cylinder is supplied with oil under pressure by a conduit which passes through the umbilical 21 and which connects it to a hydraulic unit carried by the boat.
  • the cylinder 36 can be replaced by equivalent means.
  • it can be replaced by a counterweight which is connected to the gangway 4 by a cable passing over a deflection pulley and which is associated with a hydraulic damper to avoid too rapid raising of the gangway.
  • a tank with an opening bottom is placed under the staircase6.
  • the opening bottom is operated for example by a small cylinder.
  • a small winch with constant tension placed at the rear of the boat makes it possible to wind the maneuvering rope which hangs under the gangway to bring the gangway down to the boat when it approaches the fixed structure.
  • the closing cylinder of the tank opening bottom which is an opening cylinder due to lack of pressure, controls the opening of the tank which empties quickly and the gangway is raised under the action of the counterweight before the air cushion is damaged.
  • the water tank can be replaced by a second counterweight which is fixed under the gangway 4 and which can be moved longitudinally by an auxiliary jack which is antagonistic to a return means, for example a spring or of an oleopneumatic tank which tends to bring the second counterweight to a rest position located near the horizontal axes 15 and 61. In this rest position, the second counterweight does not exert sufficient torque to counterbalance the lifting torque of the bridge exerted by the first counterweight.
  • the second counterweight is moved away from the axes 15 and 16 and it then exerts on the gangway a sufficient vertical force to keep the air cushion in abutment against the deck of the boat.
  • the device according to FIGS. 1 and 2 preferably also comprises an oleopneumatic accumulator 37, which is placed for example inside the drum 11.
  • an oleopneumatic accumulator 37 which is placed for example inside the drum 11.
  • the accumulator 37 is automatically connected to the jack 36 and the energy accumulated in the form of pressure in the accumulator 37 is sufficient to ensure the lifting of the bridge 4.
  • the bridge 4 When the boat is near the structure 1, which may not be occupied, the bridge 4 is placed in the raised position out of reach of the crests of the waves.
  • the two ropes 17a and 17b which constitute the crow's feet and which support the umbilical are held under the bridge by the spring reel 20.
  • the bridge is preferably located on the side of the fixed structure which is opposite where the prevailing wind comes from.
  • the boat 2 approaches by moving back from the fixed structure 1. It turns to place itself in the most sheltered sector. A sailor, posted on the aft deck of the boat, hooks, by means of a hook, the loop 18 and brings him towards the boat to which he moored. It then connects the umbilical 21 to the connectors provided for this purpose.
  • the boat then starts to move slowly, which stiffens the ropes 17a and 17b. These exert a torque on one of the arms 12a or 12b, which brings about the rotation of the drum 11 around the vertical axis 8.
  • the gangway is oriented so as to be placed vertically on the deck of the boat. We then push the speed of the boat's propellers to stretch the crow's feet, which keeps the gangway in the longitudinal axis of the boat.
  • the operator of the gangway has a control console 35a which allows him to control the jack 36 through the umbilical 21 and to supply compressed air to the air cushion 32. He therefore controls the jack 36 which lets the gangway descend to the deck of the boat by pivoting it around the horizontal axes 15 and 16.
  • the operator can vary the speed of the jack by varying the oil flow.
  • the living force of the bridge is absorbed both by the air cushion 32 and by the suspension 34 which is for example an oleopneumatic reservoir.
  • the jack 36 is automatically disconnected, so that the gangway is kept supported by its own weight.
  • the roll and pitch movements of the boat are reflected on the gangway which oscillates around the vertical axis 8 and around the horizontal axes 15 and 16.
  • the pull that the boat exerts on the crow's feet keeps the gangway in the axis of the boat and the air cushion comes and goes along the longitudinal axis of the boat for a distance which is equal to the variations in length of the crow's feet which is kept constantly taut by the forward thrust of the propellers.
  • the gangway is raised by means of the jack 36 and at high speed so that in any case the gangway cannot be caught and struck by the deck of the ship which oscillates under the effect of the swell.
  • the actuator has an end stop which automatically cuts the power to the actuator when the gangway reaches the high position and which locks the actuator in this rest position.
  • the umbilical 21 is then isolated from the sources of compressed air and oil under pressure. We disconnect the umbilical. The forward thrust of the propellers is reduced and the end 18 of the crow's feet is released, which is returned immediately under the bridge by the strap 19 and by the spring reel 20.
  • the rotary damper 10 which is mounted on the head of the axis 8, prevents a sudden rotation of the bridge around the axis 8 under the effect of the torque due to the traction of the uncut strand, which gives the operator time to raise the gangway without risk for the personnel who have the time to evacuate it.
  • the orientation drum 11 is extended downwards by a cylindrical skirt 38 made of perforated sheet metal, which forms a shield which descends below the surface of the sea, at low tide, and which is intended to dissipate part of the energy of the swell and to shelter the area where the boat stands.
  • a cylindrical skirt 38 made of perforated sheet metal, which forms a shield which descends below the surface of the sea, at low tide, and which is intended to dissipate part of the energy of the swell and to shelter the area where the boat stands.
  • several compressed air lines 39 are placed inside this shield which open at the bottom of the shield below the surface of the water. These pipes 39 are supplied with compressed air via the umbilical 21 during the transhipment operations.
  • the compressed air rises to the surface, creating a bubble barrage inside the shield which reduces the agitation of the sea upstream of the ship and under the ship during the transhipment operations.
  • FIG. 4 represents a partial view of the free end of the gangway in an alternative embodiment which differs from the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 3, in that the gangway 4 is a substantially horizontal gangway which is fixed in console on a fixed structure being articulated around a vertical axis only which allows it to be oriented in the axis of the boat.
  • the staircase with a single flight is replaced by a staircase40 comprising several flights hinged together, so that the staircase is extendable in height.
  • These flights of stairs are offset laterally relative to the gangway and they are offset relative to each other.
  • FIG. 4 represents an exemplary embodiment in which the staircase 40 comprises two flights 40a and 40b.
  • the upper flight comprises, on each side of the stair treads 41, two beams 42a and 42b which are articulated at their two ends respectively around the axes 43a, 44a and 43b, 44b and which form an articulated parallelogram.
  • the flight of stairs 40b includes steps 45 which are supported by two beams 46a and 46b.
  • the longitudinal members 46a, 46b are articulated at their two ends respectively around the axes 47a, 47b and 48a, 48b.
  • the flights of stairs include railings 49.
  • the lower end of the lower flight 40b carries an access platform 54 which rests on the deck of the boat 2 by means of an air cushion 32 , an articulation 33 and an oleopneumatic suspension 34 which fulfill the same functions as the homologous elements of FIG. 1 bearing the same references.
  • a jack 50 makes it possible to control the movements of the upper flight.
  • a connecting rod 51 is articulated by one of its ends 52 on the gangway 4 and by the other end 53, on an extension of the beam 46a.
  • each flight is connected to the upper flight by a connecting rod identical to the connecting rod 51.
  • the vertical movements of the boat are compensated by the variations in total height of the extendable staircase and when the height of the staircase varies, the air cushion 32 moves while remaining on the same vertical line.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
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Description

L'invention a pour objet des dispositifs et un procédé de transbordement de personnel ou de petit matériel, entre un bateau et une structure fixe, telle qu'une plate-forme de recherches pétrolières, une bouée, un phare isolé, un navire pétrolier amarré servant de stockage et toute autre structure analogue fixe ou semi-fixe, située en pleine mer.The subject of the invention is devices and a method for transferring personnel or small equipment, between a boat and a fixed structure, such as an oil research platform, a buoy, an isolated lighthouse, a moored oil ship. serving as storage and any other similar fixed or semi-fixed structure, located at sea.

Le secteur technique de l'invention est celui de la construction des matériels de transport maritime et de recherches en mer.The technical sector of the invention is that of the construction of equipment for maritime transport and research at sea.

Le développement des recherches pétrolières en mer entraîne la nécessité d'effectuer fréquem- ment des transbordements de personnel ou de petit matériel entre des bateaux et des structures fixes situées en haute mer, dans des eaux non abritées et exposées à la houle.The development of petroleum research at sea involves the frequent need to tranship personnel or small equipment between boats and fixed structures located on the high seas, in unsheltered waters and exposed to swells.

Actuellement les transbordements peuvent être effectués au moyen d'un panier ou d'un filet suspendu à une grue qui appartient à la structure fixe. Ce système est très dangereux car le bateau est soumis aux mouvements de la houle, ce qui entraîne des risques d'impact brutal entre le panier ou le filet et le pont du bateau.Currently transhipments can be carried out by means of a basket or a net suspended from a crane which belongs to the fixed structure. This system is very dangerous because the boat is subject to swell movements, which creates the risk of a sudden impact between the basket or the net and the deck of the boat.

On utilise également des embarcations pneumatiques qui font la navette entre le bateau et la structure. Le personnel grimpe à la structure par des échelles fixées à la structure. Les risques de chute à la mer deviennent très vite importants et ce mode de transfert n'est possible que lorsque l'état de la mer est relativement calme.We also use inflatable boats that shuttle between the boat and the structure. The personnel climb to the structure by ladders fixed to the structure. The risks of falling into the sea quickly become significant and this mode of transfer is only possible when the state of the sea is relatively calm.

Pour pallier ces difficultés, on a proposé des passerelles de transbordement. On connaît par exemple (FR-A-2 192 526) des passerelles ou rampes métalliques qui sont disposées en console par rapport à la structure fixe à laquelle elles sont articulées autour de deux axes l'un vertical et l'autre horizontal. Le bateau s'approche de la structure fixe, on appuie l'extrémité libre de la passerelle sur l'extrémité arrière du pont du bateau et on la verrouille à celui-ci.To overcome these difficulties, transshipment bridges have been proposed. We know for example (FR-A-2 192 526) of metal walkways or ramps which are arranged in a console relative to the fixed structure to which they are articulated around two axes, one vertical and the other horizontal. The boat approaches the fixed structure, we press the free end of the gangway on the aft end of the boat deck and we lock it to it.

Un inconvénient essentiel de ce type de passerelle réside dans le fait qu'elles constituent une liaison rigide entre le navire qui est soumis à des mouvements et la structure qui est fixe ou semi-fixe. Ce type de passerelle est soumis à des contraintes élevées et il faut prévoir des passerelles très lourdes pour résister aux déplacements horizontaux du bateau.An essential drawback of this type of gangway lies in the fact that they constitute a rigid connection between the ship which is subjected to movements and the structure which is fixed or semi-fixed. This type of gangway is subject to high stresses and very heavy gangways must be provided to resist the horizontal movements of the boat.

D'autre part, la fixation de la passerelle à la structure fixe doit se situer à un niveau suffisant pour être hors d'atteinte des crêtes de vagues à marée haute. Il en résulte une dénivellation importante à marée basse entre le pont du navire et l'extrémité de la passerelle fixée à la structure. Si une telle passerelle est relativement courte, la pente montante est importante, ce qui rend péni- b4e le transbordement du matériel. Pour éviter une pente trop raide, on doit utiliser une passerelle plus longue ce qui en augmente le coût et complique les manutentions de la passerelle.On the other hand, the attachment of the bridge to the fixed structure must be at a level sufficient to be out of reach of the wave crests at high tide. This results in a significant drop in height at low tide between the deck of the ship and the end of the gangway attached to the structure. If such a gangway is relatively short, the upward slope is significant, which makes transshipment of the material difficult. To avoid a slope that is too steep, a longer gangway must be used, which increases the cost and complicates the handling of the gangway.

On connaît également des dispositifs de transbordement portés par un bateau qui sont composés d'une passerelle extensible, par exemple une passerelle composée d'une bande flexible et d'un enrouleur.There are also known transhipment devices carried by a boat which are composed of an extendable gangway, for example a gangway composed of a flexible strip and a reel.

Un objectif de la présente invention est de procurer des dispositifs de transbordement du type passerelle orientable articulée à la structure fixe autour d'au moins un axe vertical, qui remédient aux défauts des passerelles connues à ce jour et qui permettent notamment au bateau de suivre librement les mouvements de la houle sans créer des contraintes dans la passerelle, ce qui permet de construire des passerelles plus légères que les passerelles de ce type connues.An objective of the present invention is to provide transshipment devices of the orientable gangway type articulated to the fixed structure around at least one vertical axis, which remedy the faults of the gangways known to date and which in particular allow the boat to follow freely swell movements without creating constraints in the gangway, which makes it possible to build lighter gangways than gangways of this known type.

Un autre objectif de la présente invention est de procurer des dispositifs de transbordement qui peuvent équiper des structures fixes non habitées et dépourvues de toute source d'énergie.Another object of the present invention is to provide transhipment devices which can equip fixed structures which are unmanned and devoid of any source of energy.

Les dispositifs de transbordement selon l'invention comportent, de façon connue, une passerelle orientable, dont une extrémité est articulée à une structure fixe autour d'un axe vertical et elle comporte des moyens pour orienter la passerelle dans l'axe d'un bateau en la faisant pivoter autour de cet axe vertical.The transfer devices according to the invention comprise, in a known manner, an orientable gangway, one end of which is articulated to a fixed structure around a vertical axis and it comprises means for orienting the gangway in the axis of a boat by rotating it around this vertical axis.

Les objectifs de l'invention sont atteints au moyen de passerelles de ce type connu qui comportent, en outre, un coussin d'air qui est destiné à prendre appui sur une plage dégagée du pont du bateau pour supporter la deuxième extrémité de la passerelle par un simple appui glissant.The objectives of the invention are achieved by means of gangways of this known type which further comprise an air cushion which is intended to bear on a clear area of the deck of the boat to support the second end of the gangway a simple sliding press.

De préférence, un dispositif de transbordement selon l'invention comporte un escalier qui est articulé à la deuxième extrémité de la passerelle et qui prend appui sur une plage dégagée du pont du bateau par l'intermédiaire d'un coussin d'air.Preferably, a transfer device according to the invention comprises a staircase which is articulated at the second end of the gangway and which is supported on a clear area of the deck of the boat by means of an air cushion.

De préférence, l'extrémité inférieure de l'escalier est reliée au coussin d'air par l'intermédiaire d'une suspension, par exemple d'une suspension oléopneumatique et d'une articulation à rotule.Preferably, the lower end of the staircase is connected to the air cushion by means of a suspension, for example an oleopneumatic suspension and a ball joint.

Un dispositif particulier selon l'invention comporte un tambour orientable qui pivote autour d'un axe vertical et qui comporte deux portions de cylindre vertical centrées sur ledit axe vertical et deux bras qui relient entre elles deux extrémités desdites portions de cylindre, lesquels bras et portions de cylindre sont symétriques deux à deux par rapport à un plan axial et il comporte deux filins de même longueur dont une extrémité est accrochée respectivement à l'extrémité libre de chacun des deux bras et dont les deux autres extrémités sont fixées à un organe d'accrochage commun qui est destiné à être amarré à l'extrémité arrière dudit bateau, de sorte que lorsque le bateau exerce une traction sur les filins ceux-ci s'appuient contre les portions de cylindre et exercent sur le tambour orientable un couple qui amène ledit plan axial de symétrie et la passerelle orientable dans l'axe du bateau.A particular device according to the invention comprises an orientable drum which pivots about a vertical axis and which comprises two vertical cylinder portions centered on said vertical axis and two arms which interconnect two ends of said cylinder portions, which arms and portions of cylinders are symmetrical two by two with respect to an axial plane and it comprises two ropes of the same length, one end of which is hooked respectively to the free end of each of the two arms and the two other ends of which are fixed to a member of common attachment which is intended to be moored at the rear end of said boat, so that when the boat exerts traction on the ropes these are pressed against the cylinder portions and exert on the orientable drum a torque which brings said said axial plane of symmetry and the steerable gangway in the axis of the boat.

Selon un mode de réalisation, la passerelle est composée de longerons et d'une poutre qui forment un parallélogramme articulé autour de quatre axes horizontaux dont deux axes sont articulés sur la structure qui supporte l'escalier.According to one embodiment, the gangway is composed of side members and a beam which form a parallelogram articulated around four horizontal axes, two axes of which are articulated on the structure which supports the staircase.

Selon un autre mode de réalisation un dispositif selon l'invention comporte une passerelle orientable sensiblement horizontale et l'escalier qui relie l'extrémité libre de la passerelle au pont du bateau est un escalier extensible formé de plusieurs volées articulées l'une à l'autre et repliables ou dépliables sous l'action d'un vérin et de bielles et l'extrémité inférieure de la dernière volée inférieure porte un coussin d'air qui vient en appui sur le pont du bateau.According to another embodiment, a device according to the invention comprises a substantially horizontal orientable gangway and the staircase which connects the free end of the gangway to the deck of the boat is an extendable staircase formed by several flights articulated one at a other and foldable or unfoldable under the action of a jack and connecting rods and the lower end of the last lower flight carries an air cushion which comes to bear on the deck of the boat.

L'invention a pour résultat de nouveaux dispositifs de transbordement de personnel, de matériel ou de denrées alimentaires entre un bateau et une structure fixe située en pleine mer et non abritée, par exemple une plate-forme de recherches pétrolières en mer ou toute autre structure fixe ou semi-fixe analogue.The invention results in new devices for transferring personnel, equipment or food between a boat and a fixed structure located in the open sea and not sheltered, for example an offshore oil research platform or any other structure. fixed or similar semi-fixed.

Les dispositifs de transbordement selon l'invention sont conçus pour desservir des structures implantées en pleine mer qui peuvent être habitées ou inhabitées et qui peuvent être pourvues ou non de sources d'énergie.The transfer devices according to the invention are designed to serve structures located on the open sea which may be inhabited or uninhabited and which may or may not be provided with energy sources.

Les dispositifs de transbordement selon l'invention prennent appui sur une plage dégagée située à l'arrière du pont du bateau de desserte, par l'intermédiaire d'un coussin d'air qui constitue un appui simple, glissant librement sur le pont. Il en résulte que les mouvements horizontaux axiaux du bateau amènent un glissement axial du coussin d'air et ne créent donc aucune contrainte dans la passerelle dont la construction peut être allégée de ce fait.The transfer devices according to the invention are supported on a clear area located aft of the deck of the serving boat, by means of an air cushion which constitutes a simple support, sliding freely on the deck. As a result, the axial horizontal movements of the boat bring about an axial sliding of the air cushion and therefore do not create any stress in the gangway, the construction of which can be lightened thereby.

Les mouvements horizontaux transversaux du bateau sont compensés par l'orientation de la passerelle autour de son axe de pivotement vertical.The transverse horizontal movements of the boat are compensated for by the orientation of the gangway around its vertical pivot axis.

Quant aux mouvements verticaux du bateau, ils se traduisent par un pivotement de la passerelle dans le plan vertical dans le cas d'une passerelle inclinable. Dans le cas d'une passerelle horizontale non inclinable, on intercale entre la passerelle et le pont du bateau un escalier extensible formé de plusieurs volées articulées entre elles et, dans ce cas, les mouvements verticaux du bateau sont compensés par les variations de hauteur totale de l'escalier extensible. Dans les deux cas, l'escalier permet d'enjamber des obstacles qui se trouveraient à l'extrémité arrière du navire.As for the vertical movements of the boat, they result in a pivoting of the gangway in the vertical plane in the case of a tilting gangway. In the case of a non-tilting horizontal gangway, an extendable staircase formed by several flights hinged together is inserted between the gangway and the deck of the boat and, in this case, the vertical movements of the boat are compensated by the variations in total height of the extendable staircase. In both cases, the staircase makes it possible to step over obstacles that would be at the rear end of the ship.

Dans le cas d'une passerelle inclinable, on adjoint à celle-ci une volée d'escalier ce qui permet de réduire la pente montante de la rampe à marée basse.In the case of a tilting gangway, a flight of stairs is added to it, which makes it possible to reduce the rising slope of the ramp at low tide.

Le tambour pivotant qui équipe les dispositifs selon l'invention en association avec deux filins de même longueur formant une patte d'oie qui est amarrée au bateau et maintenue tendue,par celui-ci permettent de maintenir la passerelle orientée dans l'axe du bateau avec un couple constant pendant toute la durée du transbordement.The pivoting drum which equips the devices according to the invention in association with two ropes of the same length forming a crow's feet which is moored to the boat and kept taut, by this allow to keep the gangway oriented in the axis of the boat with constant torque throughout the transhipment period.

La description suivante se réfère aux dessins annexés qui représentent, sans aucun caractère limitatif, des exemples de réalisation de dispositifs de transbordement selon l'invention.The following description refers to the appended drawings which represent, without any limiting nature, exemplary embodiments of transfer devices according to the invention.

  • La figure 1 est une vue en élévation d'une passerelle de transbordement selon l'invention.Figure 1 is an elevational view of a transhipment bridge according to the invention.
  • La figure 2 est une vue de dessus de la figure 1 avec des arrachements partiels.Figure 2 is a top view of Figure 1 with partial cutaway.
  • La figure 3 est une coupe partielle selon III-III de la figure 1.Figure 3 is a partial section on III-III of Figure 1.
  • La figure 4 est une vue en élévation partielle d'une variante de réalisation d'une passerelle selon l'invention.Figure 4 is a partial elevational view of an alternative embodiment of a gateway according to the invention.

Les figures 1 et 2 représentent une partie 1 d'une structure fixe située en pleine mer, par exemple une pile d'angle d'une plate-forme de recherches pétrolières ou de toute autre structure analogue par exemple d'une bouée océanographique, d'une balise fixe, d'un phare, etc. Le repère 2 représente l'extrémité arrière d'un bateau qui amène du personnel et/ou du petit matériel destiné à la structure. Le bateau peut être de tout type connu utilisé pour l'approvisionnement de la structure en vivres ou en matériel ou pour la relève des équipes.Figures 1 and 2 show a part 1 of a fixed structure located in the open sea, for example a corner stack of an oil research platform or any other similar structure for example of an oceanographic buoy, d '' a fixed beacon, a lighthouse, etc. Reference 2 represents the rear end of a boat which brings personnel and / or small equipment intended for the structure. The boat can be of any known type used for supplying the structure with food or material or for relieving the teams.

La structure 1 peut être également une structure semi-fixe par exemple un navire pétrolier de stockage ou un navire de travaux ou d'hôtellerie qui est ancré.The structure 1 can also be a semi-fixed structure, for example an oil tanker or a work or hotel ship which is anchored.

Le dispositif de transbordement selon l'invention est conçu pour pouvoir être utilisé avec des structures non habitées et dépourvues de toute source d'énergie.The transfer device according to the invention is designed to be able to be used with unmanned structures and devoid of any source of energy.

Le repère 3 désigne l'ensemble du dispositif de transbordement qui permet le transfert du personnel et du matériel entre le bateau et la structure ou inversement. Le dispositif de transbordement comporte une passerelle 4 qui est articulée à une console 5 fixée à la structure 1. Il comporte, en outre, à l'extrémité opposée à la console, un escalier qui relie la passerelle à l'extrémité arrière du pont du bateau 2. La console 5 est fixée, par exemple par soudure, sur une pile d'angle 1 de la structure fixe et elle déborde de celle-ci. Elle supporte deux paliers 7a et 7b dans lesquels tourillonne un axe vertical 8. L'extrémité supérieure de la console 5 forme une plate-forme circulaire 9 d'accès à la passerelle 4, qui est centrée sur l'axe 8.The reference 3 designates the entire transhipment device which allows the transfer of personnel and equipment between the boat and the structure or vice versa. The transhipment device comprises a gangway 4 which is articulated to a console 5 fixed to the structure 1. It further comprises, at the end opposite the console, a staircase which connects the gangway to the rear end of the bridge of the boat 2. The console 5 is fixed, for example by welding, to a corner stack 1 of the fixed structure and it projects beyond it. It supports two bearings 7a and 7b in which a vertical axis 8 journals. The upper end of the console 5 forms a circular platform 9 for access to the bridge 4, which is centered on the axis 8.

Afin d'éviter des mouvements de rotation trop brusques de la passerelle autour de l'axe 8, la tête de l'axe 8, qui fait saillie au-dessus de la plate-forme 9, est associée à un amortisseur rotatif 10.In order to avoid excessively sudden rotational movements of the bridge around the axis 8, the head of the axis 8, which projects above the platform 9, is associated with a rotary damper 10.

L'axe vertical 8 porte un tambour orientable 11 qui comporte à l'avant deux portions de cylindre 13a et 13b centrées sur l'axe 8 et, à l'arrière, deux bras 12a et 12b qui relient entre elles les extrémités arrière des portions cylindriques.The vertical axis 8 carries an orientable drum 11 which comprises at the front two cylinder portions 13a and 13b centered on the axis 8 and, at the rear, two arms 12a and 12b which interconnect the rear ends of the portions cylindrical.

Les bras 12a et 12b sont symétriques par rapport à un plan axial PP' de même que les deux portions de cylindre 13a et 13b.The arms 12a and 12b are symmetrical with respect to an axial plane PP 'as are the two cylinder portions 13a and 13b.

Le tambour 11 comporte deux flasques verticaux 14a et 14b symétriques par rapport au plan PP', qui servent de paliers à deux axes horizontaux 15 et 16, perpendiculaires au plan PP', autour desquels la passerelle 4 est articulée. Aux extrémités des deux bras 12a et 12b, sont fixés deux brins souples 17a et 17b de même longueur, par exemple deux filins en polyamide, deux câbles ou deux sangles, qui convergent vers un organe d'accrochage commun 18, par exemple vers un anneau, en formant une patte d'oie. Les deux brins 17a et 17b s'appuient sur les surfaces des cylindres 13a et 13b de sorte que lorsqu'on tire sur la patte d'oie, le couple qui s'exerce sur le tambour 11, reste constant quelle que soit la position de la patte d'oie.The drum 11 comprises two vertical flanges 14a and 14b symmetrical with respect to the plane PP ', which serve as bearings with two horizontal axes 15 and 16, perpendicular to the plane PP', around which the bridge 4 is articulated. At the ends of the two arms 12a and 12b, two flexible strands 17a and 17b are fixed. same length, for example two polyamide ropes, two cables or two straps, which converge towards a common attachment member 18, for example towards a ring, forming a crow's feet. The two strands 17a and 17b are supported on the surfaces of the cylinders 13a and 13b so that when the crow's feet are pulled, the torque exerted on the drum 11 remains constant whatever the position of crow's feet.

On voit sur la figure 1 que les brins 17a et 17b sont maintenus par une sangle 19 qui est enroulée sur un enrouleur à ressort 20 fixé sous la passerelle.It can be seen in FIG. 1 that the strands 17a and 17b are held by a strap 19 which is wound on a spring reel 20 fixed under the gangway.

Dans l'exemple représenté sur la figure 1, les brins 17a et 17b supportent un câble ombilical 21 qui est suspendu aux brins de la patte d'oie, par exemple par des anneaux ou par des suspentes élastiques 22. Le câble ombilical 21 comporte plusieurs conduits dans lesquels passent des fluides comprimés servant aux manoeuvres et au maintien de la passerelle. Les sources de fluides comprimés sont sur le bateau 2. La passerelle 4 est composée de deux structures métalliques superposées et articulées entre elles pour former un parallélogramme articulé.In the example shown in FIG. 1, the strands 17a and 17b support an umbilical cable 21 which is suspended from the strands of the crow's feet, for example by rings or by elastic hangers 22. The umbilical cable 21 comprises several conduits through which compressed fluids are used to maneuver and maintain the gangway. The sources of compressed fluids are on the boat 2. The gangway 4 is made up of two superimposed metal structures and hinged together to form an articulated parallelogram.

La structure supérieure est formée de deux longerons 23a et 23b qui sont reliés entre eux par des entretoises et qui portent un platelage 24, par exemple un platelage en tôles perforées ou striées ou en caillebotis servant de rampe d'accès. Les deux longerons présentent la forme d'une structure en treillis visible sur la figure 1 et servent de rambardes de part et d'autre de la rampe.The upper structure is formed by two beams 23a and 23b which are interconnected by spacers and which carry a deck 24, for example a deck of perforated or striated sheets or gratings serving as an access ramp. The two longitudinal members have the form of a trellis structure visible in FIG. 1 and serve as guardrails on either side of the ramp.

La structure inférieure est constituée par une poutre 25 ou par deux poutres reliées entre elles par des entretoises.The lower structure is constituted by a beam 25 or by two beams connected to each other by spacers.

Les extrémités des longerons 23a et 23b et de la poutre 25 situées du côté de la structure fixe 1 sont articulées respectivement autour des axes horizontaux 15 et 16 portés par le tambour 11.The ends of the side members 23a and 23b and of the beam 25 situated on the side of the fixed structure 1 are articulated respectively around the horizontal axes 15 and 16 carried by the drum 11.

Les extrémités des longerons 23a et 23b et de la poutre 25 opposées à la structure fixe 1 sont articuiées respectivement autour de deux axes horizontaux 26 et 27. Les axes 26 et 27 tourillonnent dans deux flasques 28a et 28b qui supportent les marches de l'escalier 6.The ends of the side members 23a and 23b and of the beam 25 opposite the fixed structure 1 are articulated respectively around two horizontal axes 26 and 27. The axes 26 and 27 are journalled in two flanges 28a and 28b which support the steps of the staircase 6.

Les flasques 28a et 28b portent également des rambardes 29 qui encadrent l'escalier. L'extrémité inférieure de la volée d'escalier 6 comporte une plate-forme de marchepied 30 équipée d'une rambarde 31 qui fait face à l'escalier. La plate-forme 30 est légèrement plus large que l'escalier, ce qui facilite l'accès au marchepied à partir du pont du navire.The flanges 28a and 28b also carry guard rails 29 which frame the staircase. The lower end of the flight of stairs 6 includes a step platform 30 equipped with a railing 31 which faces the stairs. The platform 30 is slightly wider than the staircase, which facilitates access to the running board from the deck of the ship.

La construction de la passerelle en forme de parallélogramme articulé dont un côté, passant par les articulations 26 et 27, porte une volée d'escalier 6, permet que le côté 26, 27 reste toujours parallèle à lui-même et que les marches d'escalier restent horizontales quelle que soit rinclinaison de la passerelle sous l'effet de la houle.The construction of the gangway in the form of an articulated parallelogram, one side of which, passing through the joints 26 and 27, carries a flight of stairs 6, allows the side 26, 27 to always remain parallel to itself and the steps of stairs remain horizontal regardless of the inclination of the bridge under the effect of the swell.

L'adjonction d'un escalier à la passerelle a t'avantage de réduire la pente de la passerelle même à marée basse, ce qui facilité le transfert du matériel.The addition of a staircase to the bridge has the advantage of reducing the slope of the bridge even at low tide, which facilitates the transfer of equipment.

Un autre avantage de l'adjonction d'une volée d'escalier articulée à l'extrémité d'une passerelle qui est légèrement descendante vers le pont du bateau réside dans le fait que les déplacements horizontaux du point d'appui de l'escalier sur le pont du bateau sont très limités car les déplacements horizontaux axiaux de l'extrémité libre de la passerelle sont compensés en grande partie par les variations de l'angle que forme l'escalier 6 avec la passerel'a 4.Another advantage of the addition of a flight of stairs hinged at the end of a gangway which is slightly descending towards the deck of the boat resides in the fact that the horizontal displacements of the fulcrum of the staircase on the deck of the boat is very limited because the axial horizontal displacements of the free end of the gangway are largely compensated for by the variations in the angle formed by the staircase 6 with the gangway 4.

La volée d'escalier 6 prend appui sur le pont du bateau 2 par l'intermédiaire d'un dispositif 32 du type coussin d'air constitué par un ensemble de jupes verticales ouvertes à leur extrémité inférieure dans lesquelles on injecte de l'air comprimé qui s'échappe à la périphérie de l'extrémité inférieure des jupes.The flight of stairs 6 rests on the deck of the boat 2 by means of a device 32 of the air cushion type constituted by a set of vertical skirts open at their lower end into which compressed air is injected which escapes at the periphery of the lower end of the skirts.

La figure 3 représente une coupe horizontale selon III-III du coussin d'air 32. On voit sur cette figure que le coussin d'air comporte un ensemble de jupes cylindriques 32a placées à l'intérieur d'une jupe 32b qui les entoure. Les jupes 32a et 32b sont des cylindres verticaux en un matériau souple, par exemple en caoutchouc artificiel ou en élastomère.FIG. 3 represents a horizontal section along III-III of the air cushion 32. It can be seen in this figure that the air cushion comprises a set of cylindrical skirts 32a placed inside a skirt 32b which surrounds them. Skirts 32a and 32b are vertical cylinders made of a flexible material, for example artificial rubber or elastomer.

Cette construction du coussin d'air composé d'une pluralité de jupes juxtaposées permet que, même si t'une des jupes est détériorée ou passe sur une dénivellation, les autres jupes continuent à jouer leur rôle sustentateur.This construction of the air cushion composed of a plurality of juxtaposed skirts allows that, even if one of the skirts is damaged or passes over a drop, the other skirts continue to play their lifting role.

Les jupes sont alimentées en aire comprimé, par exemple à travers un conduit passant sous la passerelle puis dans l'ombilical 21 qui les relie à un compresseur 35 porté par le bateau 2.The skirts are supplied with compressed area, for example through a conduit passing under the gangway then in the umbilical 21 which connects them to a compressor 35 carried by the boat 2.

Le coussin d'air 32 est relié à la volée d'escalier par une articulation à rotule 33 qui permet au coussin d'air de suivre librement les mouvements de roulis et de tangage du bateau et de demeurer en contact étroit sur toute sa surface avec le pont du bateau.The air cushion 32 is connected to the flight of stairs by a ball joint 33 which allows the air cushion to freely follow the roll and pitch movements of the boat and to remain in close contact over its entire surface with The bridge of the boat.

Une suspension oléopneumatique 34 est intercalée entre l'articulation 33 et la volée d'escalier. Elle a pour fonction d'amortir les impacts du coussin d'air sur le pont du bateau, notamment au moment de la descente de la passerelle.An oleopneumatic suspension 34 is interposed between the joint 33 and the flight of stairs. Its function is to absorb the impact of the air cushion on the deck of the boat, especially when descending from the bridge.

Le coussin d'air 32 constitue un simple appui de l'escalier et de la passerelle sur le pont du bateau et cet appui peut glisser sans frottement dans toutes les directions à la condition que l'arrière du bateau comporte une zone libre de tout obstacle. Il en résulte que les mouvements horizontaux axiaux du bateau ne sont pas transmis à la passerelle, ce qui évite la naissance de contraintes importantes dans la passerelle dont la construction peut donc être allégée. De plus, on évite ainsi de transmettre des chocs à la structure fixe.The air cushion 32 constitutes a simple support of the staircase and the gangway on the deck of the boat and this support can slide without friction in all directions provided that the rear of the boat has an area free of any obstacle . As a result, the axial horizontal movements of the boat are not transmitted to the gangway, which avoids the creation of significant stresses in the gangway, the construction of which can therefore be reduced. In addition, this avoids transmitting shocks to the fixed structure.

En variante, le coussin d'air peut être alimenté en air comprimé par un ventilateur qui est fixé sous la passerelle ou sous l'escalier et qui est entraîné par un moteur électrique qui est alimenté en énergie électrique par un conducteur qui passe dans l'ombilical 21 et qui relie le moteur à une source d'énergie électrique portée par le bateau.As a variant, the air cushion can be supplied with compressed air by a fan which is fixed under the gangway or under the stairs and which is driven by an electric motor which is supplied with electric energy by a conductor which passes through the umbilical 21 and which connects the motor to a source of electrical energy carried by the boat.

Selon une autre variante, lorsque le dispositif ne nécessite par ailleurs aucun ombilical 21, on peut alimenter lé coussin d'air32 directement depuis le bateau, après avoir descendu le coussin d'air à proximité du pont du bateau, en branchant une canalisation flexible d'air comprimé reliée à un compresseur sur un raccord porté par le coussin d'air.According to another variant, when the device does not otherwise require any umbilical 21, the air cushion 32 can be supplied directly from the boat, after having lowered the air cushion near the deck of the boat, by connecting a flexible pipe d compressed air connected to a compressor on a fitting carried by the air cushion.

Le dispositif de transbordement comporte, en outre, des moyens pour commander le relevage de la passerelle 4.The transfer device also comprises means for controlling the lifting of the bridge 4.

Dans le mode de réalisation selon la figure 1, ce moyen est un vérin hydraulique 36 qui est articulé, d'une part, sur le tambour 11 et, d'autre part, sur la passerelle 4. Ce vérin est alimenté en huile sous pression par un conduit qui passe dans l'ombilical 21 et qui le relie à un groupe hydraulique porté par le bateau.In the embodiment according to FIG. 1, this means is a hydraulic cylinder 36 which is articulated, on the one hand, on the drum 11 and, on the other hand, on the gangway 4. This cylinder is supplied with oil under pressure by a conduit which passes through the umbilical 21 and which connects it to a hydraulic unit carried by the boat.

Le vérin 36 peut être remplacé par des moyens équivalents. Par exemple, il peut être remplacé par un contrepoids qui est relié à la passerelle 4 par un câble passant sur une poulie de renvoi et qui est associé à un amortisseur hydraulique pour éviter une remontée trop rapide de la passerelle.The cylinder 36 can be replaced by equivalent means. For example, it can be replaced by a counterweight which is connected to the gangway 4 by a cable passing over a deflection pulley and which is associated with a hydraulic damper to avoid too rapid raising of the gangway.

Dans ce cas, comme le contrepoids équilibre le poids de la passerelle, il faut exercer sur celle-ci une force verticale qui tend à la maintenir en appui sur le pont du bateau.In this case, as the counterweight balances the weight of the gangway, a vertical force must be exerted on it which tends to keep it resting on the deck of the boat.

Selon un premier mode de réalisation, un réservoir à fond ouvrant est disposé sous l'escalier6. Le fond ouvrant est manoeuvré par exemple par un petit vérin.According to a first embodiment, a tank with an opening bottom is placed under the staircase6. The opening bottom is operated for example by a small cylinder.

Lorsque la passerelle a été amenée en position d'appui en tirant sur une corde de manoeuvre, on commande la fermeture du fond ouvrant, puis on remplit le réservoir de liquide dont le poids fournit la force d'appui qui maintient le coussin d'air au contact du pont du bateau.When the gangway has been brought into the supporting position by pulling on an operating cord, the opening bottom is closed, then the reservoir is filled with liquid, the weight of which provides the supporting force which keeps the air cushion in contact with the deck of the boat.

Un petit treuil à tension constante placé à l'arrière du bateau permet d'enrouler la corde de manoeuvre qui pend sous la passerelle pour faire descendre la passerelle vers le bateau lorsque celui-ci s'approche de la structure fixe.A small winch with constant tension placed at the rear of the boat makes it possible to wind the maneuvering rope which hangs under the gangway to bring the gangway down to the boat when it approaches the fixed structure.

En cas de panne de la source pneumatique ou de rupture du flexible d'alimentation du coussin d'air, le vérin de fermeture du fond ouvrant du réservoir, qui est un vérin à ouverture par manque de pression, commande l'ouverture du réservoir qui se vide rapidement et la passerelle se relève sous l'action du contrepoids avant que le coussin d'air ne soit endommagé.In the event of failure of the pneumatic source or rupture of the air cushion supply hose, the closing cylinder of the tank opening bottom, which is an opening cylinder due to lack of pressure, controls the opening of the tank which empties quickly and the gangway is raised under the action of the counterweight before the air cushion is damaged.

Selon une autre variante, on peut remplacer le réservoir d'eau par un deuxième contrepoids qui est fixé sous la passerelle 4 et qui peut être déplacé longitudinalement par un vérin auxiliaire qui est antagoniste d'un moyen de rappel, par exemple d'un ressort ou d'un réservoir oléopneumatique qui tend à ramener le deuxième contrepoids vers une position de repos située à proximité des axes horizontaux 15 et 61. Dans cette position de repos, le deuxième contrepoids n'exerce pas un couple suffisant pour contrebalancer le couple de relevage de la passerelle exercé par le premier contrepoids. Lorsque la passerelle a été descendue au contact du pont du bateau, on éloigne le deuxième contrepoids des axes 15 et 16 et il exerce alors sur la passerelle une force verticale suffisante pour maintenir le coussin d'air en appui contre le pont du bateau.According to another variant, the water tank can be replaced by a second counterweight which is fixed under the gangway 4 and which can be moved longitudinally by an auxiliary jack which is antagonistic to a return means, for example a spring or of an oleopneumatic tank which tends to bring the second counterweight to a rest position located near the horizontal axes 15 and 61. In this rest position, the second counterweight does not exert sufficient torque to counterbalance the lifting torque of the bridge exerted by the first counterweight. When the gangway has been lowered into contact with the deck of the boat, the second counterweight is moved away from the axes 15 and 16 and it then exerts on the gangway a sufficient vertical force to keep the air cushion in abutment against the deck of the boat.

Le dispositif selon les figures 1 et 2 comporte, en outre, de préférence, un accumulateur oléopneumatique 37, qui est placé par exemple à l'intérieur du tambour 11. En cas de rupture de l'ombilical 21, ou en cas de panne du groupe hydraulique alimentant le vérin 36, l'accumulateur37 est connecté automatiquement sur le vérin 36 et l'énergie accumulée sous forme de pression dans l'accumulateur 37 est suffisante pour assurer le relevage de la passerelle 4.The device according to FIGS. 1 and 2 preferably also comprises an oleopneumatic accumulator 37, which is placed for example inside the drum 11. In the event of rupture of the umbilical 21, or in the event of failure of the hydraulic group supplying the jack 36, the accumulator 37 is automatically connected to the jack 36 and the energy accumulated in the form of pressure in the accumulator 37 is sufficient to ensure the lifting of the bridge 4.

La mise en oeuvre d'un dispositif de transbordement selon les figures 1 et 2 comporte les étapes suivantes.The implementation of a transfer device according to Figures 1 and 2 comprises the following steps.

Lorsque le bateau se présente à proximité de la structure 1, qui peut ne pas être occupée, la passerelle 4 se trouve placée en position relevée hors d'atteinte des crêtes des vagues. Les deux filins 17a et 17b qui constituent la patte d'oie et qui supportent l'ombilical se trouvent maintenus sous la passerelle par l'enrouleur à ressorts 20. La passerelle est implantée, de préférence, du côté de la structure fixe qui est opposée au côté d'où vient le vent dominant. Le bateau 2 s'approche en reculant de la structure fixe 1. Il s'oriente pour se placer dans le secteur le plus abrité. Un matelot, posté sur la plage arrière du bateau, croche, au moyen d'une gaffe, la boucle 18 et l'amène vers le bateau auquel il l'amarre. Il connecte ensuite l'ombilical 21 sur les raccords prévus à cet effet.When the boat is near the structure 1, which may not be occupied, the bridge 4 is placed in the raised position out of reach of the crests of the waves. The two ropes 17a and 17b which constitute the crow's feet and which support the umbilical are held under the bridge by the spring reel 20. The bridge is preferably located on the side of the fixed structure which is opposite where the prevailing wind comes from. The boat 2 approaches by moving back from the fixed structure 1. It turns to place itself in the most sheltered sector. A sailor, posted on the aft deck of the boat, hooks, by means of a hook, the loop 18 and brings him towards the boat to which he moored. It then connects the umbilical 21 to the connectors provided for this purpose.

Le bateau se met alors en marche lente, ce qui raidit les filins 17a et 17b. Ceux-ci exercent un couple sur l'un des bras 12a ou 12b, qui amène la rotation du tambour 11 autour de l'axe vertical 8. La passerelle s'oriente pour se placer à la verticale du pont du bateau. On pousse alors l'allure des hélices du bateau pour tendre la patte d'oie, ce qui maintient la passerelle dans l'axe longitudinal du bateau. Le préposé à la manoeuvre de la passerelle dispose d'un pupitre de commande 35a qui lui permet de commander le vérin 36 à travers l'ombilical 21 et d'alimenter en air comprimé le coussin d'air 32. Il commande donc le vérin 36 qui laisse descendre la passerelle vers le pont du bateau par pivotement de celle-ci autour des axes horizontaux 15 et 16. L'opérateur peut faire varier la vitesse du vérin en jouant sur le débit d'huile. En phase initiale, il faut descendre la passerelle à grande vitesse. En phase d'approche du pont, il ralentit la vitesse pour que le coussin d'air entre en contace avec le pont du navire, qui est soumis aux mouvements de la houle, à une vitesse relative très faible et, de préférence, au moment où le navire se trouve sur la crête d'une vague.The boat then starts to move slowly, which stiffens the ropes 17a and 17b. These exert a torque on one of the arms 12a or 12b, which brings about the rotation of the drum 11 around the vertical axis 8. The gangway is oriented so as to be placed vertically on the deck of the boat. We then push the speed of the boat's propellers to stretch the crow's feet, which keeps the gangway in the longitudinal axis of the boat. The operator of the gangway has a control console 35a which allows him to control the jack 36 through the umbilical 21 and to supply compressed air to the air cushion 32. He therefore controls the jack 36 which lets the gangway descend to the deck of the boat by pivoting it around the horizontal axes 15 and 16. The operator can vary the speed of the jack by varying the oil flow. In the initial phase, you have to descend the bridge at high speed. When approaching the deck, it slows down the speed so that the air cushion enters into contact with the deck of the ship, which is subject to swell movements, at a very low relative speed and, preferably, at the moment where the ship is on the crest of a wave.

A l'instant du contact, la force vive de la passerelle est absorbée à la fois par le coussin d'air 32 et par la suspension 34 qui est par exemple un réservoir oléopneumatique. Dès que la passerelle a pris appui sur le pont du navire, on déconnecte automatiquement le vérin 36, de sorte que la passerelle est maintenue en appui par son propre poids. Les mouvements de roulis et de tangage du bateau sont répercutés à la passerelle qui oscille autour de l'axe vertical 8 et autour des axes horizontaux 15 et 16.At the instant of contact, the living force of the bridge is absorbed both by the air cushion 32 and by the suspension 34 which is for example an oleopneumatic reservoir. As soon as the gangway is supported on the deck of the ship, the jack 36 is automatically disconnected, so that the gangway is kept supported by its own weight. The roll and pitch movements of the boat are reflected on the gangway which oscillates around the vertical axis 8 and around the horizontal axes 15 and 16.

Par contre, les déplacements horizontaux axiaux du bateau entraînent un glissement du coussin d'air sur le pont du navire et ils ne sont pas transmis à la passerelle.On the other hand, the axial axial movements of the boat cause the air cushion to slide on the deck of the ship and they are not transmitted to the gangway.

La traction que le bateau exerce sur la patte d'oie maintient la passerelle dans l'axe du bateau et le coussin d'air va et vient le long de l'axe longitudinal du bateau sur une distance qui est égale aux variations de longueur de la patte d'oie qui est maintenue constamment tendue par la poussée vers l'avant des hélices.The pull that the boat exerts on the crow's feet keeps the gangway in the axis of the boat and the air cushion comes and goes along the longitudinal axis of the boat for a distance which is equal to the variations in length of the crow's feet which is kept constantly taut by the forward thrust of the propellers.

A ce stade, les conditions sont réunies pour que le personnel ou du petit matériel puissent être transbordés en toute sécurité par l'intermédiaire de la passerelle.At this stage, the conditions are met so that personnel or small equipment can be transhipped safely via the bridge.

A la fin du transbordement, la passerelle est relevée au moyen du vérin 36 et à grande vitesse de façon qu'en aucun cas la passerelle ne puisse être rattrapée et heurtée par le pont du navire qui oscille sous l'effet de la houle.At the end of the transhipment, the gangway is raised by means of the jack 36 and at high speed so that in any case the gangway cannot be caught and struck by the deck of the ship which oscillates under the effect of the swell.

Le vérin comporte une butée de fin de course qui coupe automatiquement l'alimentation du vérin lorsque la passerelle arrive en position haute et qui verrouille le vérin dans cette position de repos.The actuator has an end stop which automatically cuts the power to the actuator when the gangway reaches the high position and which locks the actuator in this rest position.

On isole alors l'ombilical 21 des sources d'air comprimé et d'huile sous pression. On déconnecte l'ombilical. On diminue la poussée vers l'avant des hélices et on libère l'extrémité 18 de la patte d'oie qui est rappelée immédiatement sous la passerelle par la sangle 19 et par l'enrouleur à ressort 20.The umbilical 21 is then isolated from the sources of compressed air and oil under pressure. We disconnect the umbilical. The forward thrust of the propellers is reduced and the end 18 of the crow's feet is released, which is returned immediately under the bridge by the strap 19 and by the spring reel 20.

En cas de largage accidentel de la patte d'oie et de l'ombilical, en cours de transbordement ou en cas de déconnexion ou de rupture accidentelle de l'ombilical ou en cas de panne du circuit d'alimentation du vérin36, la passerelle est immédiatement relevée par l'énergie en réserve dans l'accumulateur oléopneumatique 37.In the event of an accidental release of the crow's feet and the umbilical, during transhipment or in the event of accidental disconnection or rupture of the umbilical, or in the event of a cylinder supply circuit failure, 36 the bridge is immediately picked up by the energy stored in the oleopneumatic accumulator 37.

En cas de panne d'alimentation du coussin d'air ou en cas de rupture accidentelle d'un des brins de la patte d'oie sans rupture de l'ombilical, on commande immédiatement depuis le pupitre 35a, le relevage de la passerelle au moyen du vérin 36.In the event of a failure in the supply of the air cushion or in the event of an accidental rupture of one of the strands of the crow's feet without rupture of the umbilical, the lifting of the bridge is immediately controlled from console 35a. cylinder 36.

En cas de rupture accidentelle de l'un des brins 17a ou 17b de la patte d'oie, l'amortisseur rotatif 10, qui est monté sur la tête de l'axe 8, évite une rotation brutale de la passerelle autour de l'axe 8 sous l'effet du couple de rotation dû à la traction du brin non sectionné, ce qui laisse le temps à l'opérateur de relever la passerelle sans risque pour le personnel qui a le temps de l'évacuer.In the event of accidental breakage of one of the strands 17a or 17b of the crow's feet, the rotary damper 10, which is mounted on the head of the axis 8, prevents a sudden rotation of the bridge around the axis 8 under the effect of the torque due to the traction of the uncut strand, which gives the operator time to raise the gangway without risk for the personnel who have the time to evacuate it.

Selon une variante qui est représentée sur la figure 1, le tambour d'orientation 11 est prolongé vers le bas par une jupe cylindrique 38 en tôle perforée, qui forme un bouclier qui descend sous la surface de la mer, à marée basse, et qui est destiné à dissiper une partie de l'énergie de la houle et à abriter la zone où se tient le bateau. De préférence, on place à l'intérieur de ce bouclier plusieurs conduites d'air comprimé 39 qui débouchent à la partie inférieure du bouclier au-dessous de la surface de l'eau. Ces conduites 39 sont alimentées en air comprimé par l'intermédiaire de l'ombilical 21 pendant les opérations de transbordement.According to a variant which is shown in FIG. 1, the orientation drum 11 is extended downwards by a cylindrical skirt 38 made of perforated sheet metal, which forms a shield which descends below the surface of the sea, at low tide, and which is intended to dissipate part of the energy of the swell and to shelter the area where the boat stands. Preferably, several compressed air lines 39 are placed inside this shield which open at the bottom of the shield below the surface of the water. These pipes 39 are supplied with compressed air via the umbilical 21 during the transhipment operations.

L'air comprimé remonte vers la surface en créant à l'intérieur du bouclier un barrage de bulles qui réduit l'agitation de la mer en amont du navire et sous le navire pendant la durée des opérations de transbordement.The compressed air rises to the surface, creating a bubble barrage inside the shield which reduces the agitation of the sea upstream of the ship and under the ship during the transhipment operations.

La figure 4 représente une vue partielle de l'extrémité libre de la passerelle dans une variante de réalisation qui diffère du mode de réalisation des figures 1 à 3, par le fait que la passerelle 4 est une passerelle sensiblement horizontale qui est fixée en console sur une structure fixe en étant articulée autour d'un axe vertical seulement ce qui permet de l'orienter dans l'axe du bateau.FIG. 4 represents a partial view of the free end of the gangway in an alternative embodiment which differs from the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 3, in that the gangway 4 is a substantially horizontal gangway which is fixed in console on a fixed structure being articulated around a vertical axis only which allows it to be oriented in the axis of the boat.

Dans ce cas, comme la hauteur qui sépare la passerelle du pont du bateau peut être relativement grande lorsque la marée est basse, on remplace l'escalier à une seule volée par un escalier40 comportant plusieurs volées articulées entre elles, de telle sorte que l'escalier est extensible en hauteur. Ces volées d'escalier sont décalées latéralement par rapport à la passerelle et elles sont décalées l'une par rapport à l'autre.In this case, as the height which separates the footbridge from the deck of the boat can be relatively great when the tide is low, the staircase with a single flight is replaced by a staircase40 comprising several flights hinged together, so that the staircase is extendable in height. These flights of stairs are offset laterally relative to the gangway and they are offset relative to each other.

La figure 4 représente un exemple de réalisation dans lequel l'escalier40 comporte deux volées 40a et 40b. La volée supérieure comporte, de chaque côté des marches d'escalier 41, deux longerons 42a et 42b qui sont articulés à leurs deux extrémités respectivement autour des axes43a, 44a et 43b, 44b et qui forment un parallélogramme articulé. De même, la volée d'escalier 40b comporte des marches 45 qui sont supportées par deux longerons 46a et 46b. Les longerons 46a, 46b sont articulés à leurs deux extrémités respectivement autour des axes 47a, 47b et 48a, 48b. Les volées d'escalier comportent des rembardes 49. L'extrémité inférieure de la volée inférieure 40b porte une plate-forme d'accès 54 qui s'appuie sur le pont du bateau 2 par l'intermédiaire d'un coussin d'air 32, d'une articulation 33 et d'une suspension oléopneumatique 34 qui remplissent les mêmes fonctions que les éléments homologues de la figure 1 portant les mêmes repères.FIG. 4 represents an exemplary embodiment in which the staircase 40 comprises two flights 40a and 40b. The upper flight comprises, on each side of the stair treads 41, two beams 42a and 42b which are articulated at their two ends respectively around the axes 43a, 44a and 43b, 44b and which form an articulated parallelogram. Similarly, the flight of stairs 40b includes steps 45 which are supported by two beams 46a and 46b. The longitudinal members 46a, 46b are articulated at their two ends respectively around the axes 47a, 47b and 48a, 48b. The flights of stairs include railings 49. The lower end of the lower flight 40b carries an access platform 54 which rests on the deck of the boat 2 by means of an air cushion 32 , an articulation 33 and an oleopneumatic suspension 34 which fulfill the same functions as the homologous elements of FIG. 1 bearing the same references.

Grâce aux parallélogrammes articulés, les marches d'escalier et la plate-forme 54 restent constamment horizontaux.Thanks to the articulated parallelograms, the stair treads and the platform 54 remain constantly horizontal.

Un vérin 50 permet de commander les mouvements de la volée supérieure. Une bielle 51 est articulée par une de ses extrémités 52 sur la passerelle 4 et par l'autre extrémité 53, sur un prolongement du longeron 46a.A jack 50 makes it possible to control the movements of the upper flight. A connecting rod 51 is articulated by one of its ends 52 on the gangway 4 and by the other end 53, on an extension of the beam 46a.

Lorsque la volée supérieure 40a monte ou descend, la bielle 51 force la volée inférieure 40b à suivre les mouvements de la volée supérieure, de sorte que les deux volées se déplient ou se replient symétriquement en pivotant d'un même angle. Il en est de même lorsque l'escalier se déplie ou se replie pour suivre les mouvements verticaux du bateau. Dans le cas où l'escalier comporte plus de deux volées, chaque volée est reliée à la volée supérieure par une bielle identique à la bielle 51.When the upper flight 40a goes up or down, the connecting rod 51 forces the lower flight 40b to follow the movements of the upper flight, so that the two flights unfold or fold symmetrically by pivoting by the same angle. It is the same when the staircase unfolds or folds to follow the vertical movements of the boat. In the case where the staircase has more than two flights, each flight is connected to the upper flight by a connecting rod identical to the connecting rod 51.

Dans cette variante, les mouvements verticaux du bateau sont compensés par les variations de hauteur totale de l'escalier extensible et lorsque la hauteur de l'escalier varie, le coussin d'air 32 se déplace en restant sur une même ligne verticale.In this variant, the vertical movements of the boat are compensated by the variations in total height of the extendable staircase and when the height of the staircase varies, the air cushion 32 moves while remaining on the same vertical line.

Claims (12)

1. Device for trans-shipment between a ship (2) and an offshore fixed structure (1), comprising an orientable gangway (4) one end of which is mounted for pivoting on the fixed structure about a vertical axis (8) and means for causing the said gangway to pivot about said vertical axis, characterized in that it comprises an air cushion (32) which is designed to rest on a clear part of the ship's deck to support the second end of the gangway by a simple sliding contact.
2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises steps (6, 40) pivotally mounted on the second end of the gangway and resting on a clear area of the ship's deck via an air cushion (32).
3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the lower end of the steps is joined to the air cushion by way of a suspension (34), such as for example an oil and air suspension, and of a ball joint (33).
4. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it comprises and orientable drum (11) which is pivotable about the said vertical axis (8) and comprises two vertical portions of cylinder (13a and 13b) centered on said vertical axis and two arms (12a and 12b) connecting together two ends of the said portions of cylinder, which arems and portions of cylinder are symmetrical in pairs with respect to an axial plane and which comprises two ropes (17a, 17b) of the same length one end of which is fastened respectively to the free end of each one of the two arms (12a and 12b) the other two ends being fastened to a joint hook member (18) which is designed to be fastened to the rear end of said ship (2) in such a way that when the ship exerts a pulling force on the ropes, said ropes bear against the portions of cylinder and exert on the orientable drum a torque which brings the said axial plane of symmetry and the orientable gangway in the axis of the ship.
5. Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the said orientable drum is extended downwards by a cylindrical shield (38) in perforated sheet-metal, which reaches below the surface of the water and in that air injection tubes are provided which tubes have air injection orifices situated above the surface of the water.
6. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it comprises a rotation damper (10) associated to the head of the vertical axis (8).
7. Device according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the said gangway (4) is composed on each side of an elongated member (23a, 23b) and of a beam (25) which form a parallelogram articulated about four horizontal axes, with two elements (26, 27) forming the small sides of the parallelogram, the two elements (26, 27) being articulated on a structure (28a, 28b) which supports a flight of stairs (6).
8. Device according to claims 4 and 7, characterized in that the said drum (11) supports two horizontal axes (15, 16) which constitute two of the articulations of said articulated parallelogram and which are perpendicular to the said axial plane of symmetry.
9. Device according to claim 8, characterized in that it comprises a jack (36) for lifting the gangway and an umbilical cable (21) connecting the said jack (36) and the air cushion (32) to sources of compressed fluid situated on the ship, said umbilical cable (21) being suspended to said ropes (17a, 17b) themselves suspended by a belt (19) to a springy winding drum (20) fixed under the gangway (4).
10. Device according to claim 9, characterized in that it further comprises an oil and air accumulator (37) which controls the said jack (36) in case of breakage of the umbilical cable (21) and raises the gangway.
11. Device according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the said orientable gangway is substanterized in that the said orientable gangway is substantially horizontal and the said stairs are extensible stairs made up of several flights (40a, 40b) articulated one on the other and foldable and spreadable under the action of a jack (50) and of connecting rods (51) and the lower end of the last lower flight carries a cushion of air (32) which comes to bear on the ship's deck.
12. Method of trans-shipment at sea between a ship and a fixed structure by means of a device according to claim 9, consisting in the following steps :
- the ship backs closer to the said fixed structure ;
- an operator hooks on to a boathook the hook member (18) provided at the end of the ropes (17a, 17b) and fastens it to the ship and he connects the end of the said umbilical cable (21) on a fitting ;
- the ship is then moved forward slowly to stretch the ropes and to bring the gangway in the axis of the ship
- the gangway is lowered until the cushion of air is brought to rest on the quarter deck of the ship and the trans-shipment is conducted.
EP80430024A 1979-12-12 1980-11-27 Transitioning devices and process between a ship and a fixed off-shore structure Expired EP0030909B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7930808 1979-12-12
FR7930808A FR2471311A1 (en) 1979-12-12 1979-12-12 DEVICES AND METHOD FOR TRANSFERRING BETWEEN A BOAT AND A FIXED STRUCTURE SITUATED ON THE SEA

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EP0030909A2 EP0030909A2 (en) 1981-06-24
EP0030909A3 EP0030909A3 (en) 1981-12-23
EP0030909B1 true EP0030909B1 (en) 1983-12-28

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EP (1) EP0030909B1 (en)
DE (1) DE3066028D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2471311A1 (en)
NO (1) NO803737L (en)

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US2677141A (en) * 1950-04-21 1954-05-04 Colby Steel & Mfg Inc Ship loading apparatus
US3008158A (en) * 1954-08-25 1961-11-14 Dorothy B Stinson Universal mooring and ramp
US3276059A (en) * 1961-05-29 1966-10-04 Valentine E Macy Jr Hydraulic means
US3317942A (en) * 1964-04-29 1967-05-09 Wollard Aircraft Service Equip Extensible conveyance gangway
US3426719A (en) * 1966-05-03 1969-02-11 Leonard Mizell Marine transfer device
FR1582545A (en) * 1968-07-02 1969-10-03
US3604532A (en) * 1970-03-02 1971-09-14 Compressors Automation Control Quick release personnel transfer device between boat and platform
FR2192526A5 (en) * 1972-07-11 1974-02-08 Caillard Sa
CH558734A (en) * 1972-10-23 1975-02-14 Von Roll Ag Bern DEVICE FOR SLIDING BEARINGS OF TWO COMPONENTS TOGETHER AND USING THE SAME TO SUPPORT THE SUPPORT CABLE OF A PENDULUM CABLE CAR.
NL168899C (en) * 1973-01-19 1982-05-17 R J Brown & Associates Corp ARTIFICIAL ISLAND WITH A HOLDER.
DE2335163A1 (en) * 1973-07-11 1975-01-30 Bemeg Behaelter Und Metallbau Hydraulically operated landing stage for ship - with hinged sections to reach over ship's railings to shore vertical posts
US4003473A (en) * 1974-08-30 1977-01-18 Ryan Ramp, Inc. Combined marine ramp transfer and mooring system
FR2311709A1 (en) * 1975-05-20 1976-12-17 Franceschetto Severino Telescopic gangway hinged to quay - has fixed lower portion supported by cable and slidable section with hooks at upper end
US3971090A (en) * 1975-08-11 1976-07-27 Sun Shipbuilding And Dry Dock Company Loading ramp securing system
US4035861A (en) * 1975-10-29 1977-07-19 Amerada Hess Corporation Gangway system
FR2362969A1 (en) * 1976-08-27 1978-03-24 Metalliques Entrepr Cie Fse Temporary floating dock for inaccessible protected coastline - consists of land caisson with bridge deck sections spanning pontoons to form two roadways
FR2384898A1 (en) * 1977-03-25 1978-10-20 Doris Dev Richesse Sous Marine CONNECTING GATEWAY BETWEEN FIXED STRUCTURES AND OSCILLATING STRUCTURES
NO139296C (en) * 1977-07-18 1979-02-07 Marine Aluminium Aanensen & Co ARRANGEMENT BY LANDING.
DE2833357C3 (en) * 1978-07-29 1981-10-01 Blohm + Voss Ag, 2000 Hamburg Walkway

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2471311A1 (en) 1981-06-19
NO803737L (en) 1981-06-15
US4333196A (en) 1982-06-08
EP0030909A2 (en) 1981-06-24
FR2471311B1 (en) 1982-01-08
DE3066028D1 (en) 1984-02-02
EP0030909A3 (en) 1981-12-23

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