EP0025236B1 - Reactive lubricant and process for the preparation of metals for cold forming - Google Patents

Reactive lubricant and process for the preparation of metals for cold forming Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0025236B1
EP0025236B1 EP80200736A EP80200736A EP0025236B1 EP 0025236 B1 EP0025236 B1 EP 0025236B1 EP 80200736 A EP80200736 A EP 80200736A EP 80200736 A EP80200736 A EP 80200736A EP 0025236 B1 EP0025236 B1 EP 0025236B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
weight
constituent
lubricant
reactive lubricant
carbon atoms
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP80200736A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0025236A1 (en
Inventor
Peter F. King
George J. Beyer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GEA Group AG
Continentale Parker Ste
Continentale Parker SA
Original Assignee
Metallgesellschaft AG
Continentale Parker Ste
Continentale Parker SA
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Application filed by Metallgesellschaft AG, Continentale Parker Ste, Continentale Parker SA filed Critical Metallgesellschaft AG
Priority to AT80200736T priority Critical patent/ATE2683T1/en
Publication of EP0025236A1 publication Critical patent/EP0025236A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0025236B1 publication Critical patent/EP0025236B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C22/00Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C22/05Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
    • C23C22/06Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
    • C23C22/07Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing phosphates
    • C23C22/08Orthophosphates
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    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M173/00Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water
    • C10M173/02Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water not containing mineral or fatty oils
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    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/02Water
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    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/085Phosphorus oxides, acids or salts
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    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/021Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
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    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/125Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
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    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/129Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of thirty or more carbon atoms
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    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28Esters
    • C10M2207/281Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic monocarboxylic acids
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    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28Esters
    • C10M2207/282Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic oolycarboxylic acids
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    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28Esters
    • C10M2207/283Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
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    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28Esters
    • C10M2207/286Esters of polymerised unsaturated acids
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    • C10M2215/00Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/04Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
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    • C10M2215/00Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/04Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2215/042Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Alkoxylated derivatives thereof
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    • C10M2215/00Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/08Amides
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    • C10M2215/00Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/08Amides
    • C10M2215/082Amides containing hydroxyl groups; Alkoxylated derivatives
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    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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    • C10M2215/00Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/26Amines
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    • C10M2215/00Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/28Amides; Imides
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    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20Metal working
    • C10N2040/24Metal working without essential removal of material, e.g. forming, gorging, drawing, pressing, stamping, rolling or extruding; Punching metal
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    • C10N2040/00Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20Metal working
    • C10N2040/241Manufacturing joint-less pipes
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    • C10N2040/00Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20Metal working
    • C10N2040/242Hot working
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    • C10N2040/00Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20Metal working
    • C10N2040/243Cold working
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    • C10N2040/00Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20Metal working
    • C10N2040/244Metal working of specific metals
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    • C10N2040/00Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20Metal working
    • C10N2040/244Metal working of specific metals
    • C10N2040/245Soft metals, e.g. aluminum
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    • C10N2040/00Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20Metal working
    • C10N2040/244Metal working of specific metals
    • C10N2040/246Iron or steel
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    • C10N2040/00Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20Metal working
    • C10N2040/244Metal working of specific metals
    • C10N2040/247Stainless steel
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    • C10N2050/00Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
    • C10N2050/01Emulsions, colloids, or micelles
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    • C10N2070/00Specific manufacturing methods for lubricant compositions
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    • C10N2070/00Specific manufacturing methods for lubricant compositions
    • C10N2070/02Concentrating of additives

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an aqueous acidic reaction lubricant for the treatment of metal surfaces before cold working with a content of phosphate ions and emulsifiable organic lubricant component and a method for preparing metals for cold working using this reaction lubricant.
  • Reactive lubricants based on phosphoric acid with contents of long-chain amines or amides are also known, which contain only a smaller proportion of water and considerable amounts of organic lubricants (British Patent 891 150 and German Auslegeschrift 1 210 296).
  • the agents because of their free phosphoric acid content, the agents often form only an insufficient phosphate layer and are unsatisfactory in terms of the requirements for some deformation treatments.
  • reaction lubricants arises from the accumulation of metal ions which get into the emulsion as a result of the pickling attack on the metal surface. Even at comparatively low concentrations, about 0.2% by weight, they bring about demulsification or demixing, so that the reaction lubricant can no longer function properly.
  • the object of the present invention is to avoid the known disadvantages, in particular those mentioned above, and to provide an aqueous acidic reaction lubricant which is versatile, produces effective lubricant coatings on metal surfaces, is stable over a wide range of applications and is practically not prone to de-emulsification.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a method for preparing metals for cold working using this reaction lubricant, which is simple to carry out.
  • the chelating agent can be used as the free acid or as the mono-, di-, tri- and / or tetraalkali or ammonium salt. Equivalent amounts should be added when using the salts.
  • the reaction lubricant to be used for the metal treatment can be prepared as a concentrate-like composition which lies in the concentration range claimed, so that a simple dilution with water can be carried out to prepare and supplement the working treatment emulsion.
  • the pH of the reaction lubricants is to be adjusted in such a way that on the one hand there is no excessive pickling attack on the metal surface, but on the other hand an adequate reaction necessary to form the phosphate layer takes place with it.
  • Preferred reaction lubricants are those which contain components a) in an amount of 0.2 to 6% by weight, b) in an amount of 0.3 to 16% by weight, c) in an amount of 0.1 to 10% by weight and d) in an amount of 0.25 to 3.0% by weight, in particular components a) in an amount of 1.5 to 6% by weight, b) in an amount of 2 up to 6% by weight of component c) in an amount of 0.5 to 4% by weight and d) in an amount of 0.5 to 2.0% by weight or components a) in an amount from 1.5 to 3% by weight, b) in an amount from 2 to 6% by weight, c) in an amount from 0.5 to 4% by weight and d) in an amount of 0.5 contain up to 2.0 wt .-%.
  • a particularly advantageous lubricant layer is obtained if the lubricant component b) consists of up to 50% by weight of N-alkyl-1,3-diaminopropanedioleate.
  • the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl radical corresponds to the number of carbon atoms in tallow fatty acid.
  • Tallow fatty acid is a mixture of different defined fatty acids, so that the length of the alkyl chains - depending on the proportion of the individual fatty acids in the tallow - also varies in the lubricant component b).
  • this additive also has the ability to act as a boundary layer lubricant.
  • This lubricant also has a good emulsifying effect and, because of its cation activity, leads to a stable emulsion.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the invention is provided by a reaction lubricant which additionally contains visual metal ions, preferably iron or zinc ions.
  • visual metal ions preferably iron or zinc ions.
  • Such additives activate the lubricant by accelerating the phosphate layer formation. The amount must be below the limit at which the emulsion begins to become unstable.
  • the content of iron or zinc ions is preferably 0.1 to 0.2% by weight.
  • a further preferred composition of the reaction lubricant is given when the carboxylic acid and / or the alcohol of the organic lubricant component b) has 8 to 24 carbon atoms.
  • the oxazoline wax used as component c) is not only a good emulsifier, but is also for a considerable improvement in the thermal stability of the reaction lubricant, especially at temperatures above 71 ° C, at which it is easy to demulsify - recognizable by a floating oil layer - can come, responsible.
  • the formula has a particularly suitable oxazoline wax
  • R i , R 2 and R 3 are the same or different and represent hydrocarbon radicals with 1 to 36 carbon atoms, which can also have alcohol, carboxyl and / or ester groups; However, R 2 can also be hydrogen.
  • Oxazoline waxes constructed in this way are e.g. B. available under the trade name Wax TS 254, Wax TS 254 A, Wax TS 254 AA, Wax TS 970, Alkaterge E and Alkaterge T from IMC Chemical Group, Inc., Hillsdale, Illinois (NP Division).
  • reaction lubricants of the aforementioned type Another problem with the use of reaction lubricants of the aforementioned type is the formation of rust on the metal surface during the drying process.
  • the presence of water vapor and the comparatively high content of free acid in the emulsion cause such rusting, particularly in areas which are difficult to access for the dry air.
  • Such a situation occurs in particular in the case of packed metal objects, for example wire coils, at the points where there is mutual contact and consequently the dry air has no access.
  • the presence of rust not only affects the appearance of the surface of the finished product, but also significantly increases it Drawing resistance during the deformation process, wear of the drawing tool and can lead to scoring.
  • Reaction lubricants are therefore preferably used which contain 0.1 to 5% by weight of an ammonium salt formed from carboxylic acid with 7 to 18 C atoms and aliphatic amine with up to 12 C atoms as inhibitor, in particular salts of alkanolamine are preferred of triethanolamine, preferably salts of triethanolamine with octanoic acid or with stearic acid.
  • An inhibitor of the aforementioned type is available in the form of a solution containing 40% by weight of a salt of triethanolamine with octanoic acid under the trade name Synkad 303, in particular Synkad 303 HT, from Keil Chemical Division of Ferro Corporation, Indiana, USA .
  • the solution has a density of 1.07 g / cm 3 (at 25 ° C) and contains about 30% volatile components.
  • the chelating agent not only improves the stability of the emulsion when the iron contents reach or exceed 0.2% by weight, but surprisingly also shows a corrosion-inhibiting effect.
  • a synergistic effect can be determined, so that optimal corrosion protection is achieved with comparatively low concentrations of chelating agent and corrosion inhibitor.
  • the chelating agent is able to re-emulsify a treatment bath that has already been demulsified by high iron contents. For this purpose, it is advisable to stir vigorously while adding the chelating agent. Finally, the chelating agent increases the drying speed during the drying of the reaction lubricant, so that time and energy are saved.
  • the pH of the reaction lubricant is preferably adjusted to a value in the range from 2.4 to 3.4, in particular 2.8 to 3.1. This can be done in particular with phosphoric acid.
  • the concentrate can be used as such or after suitable dilution with water to treat the metal surfaces.
  • the reaction lubricant according to the invention can be applied at temperatures which are in the range of ambient temperature and 93 ° C. However, the temperature range from 49 to 71 ° C. is preferred. Elevated temperatures are advantageous in that the activity of the reaction lubricant is increased and the formation of the phosphate coating is accelerated.
  • the application of the reaction lubricant can, as usual, e.g. B. by diving, spraying or flooding.
  • the immersion method is preferred because of the particularly intimate contact between the metal surface and the reaction lubricant. To maintain homogeneity of the bath. simultaneous stirring is recommended.
  • the duration of the treatment depends on the composition and the concentration of the reaction lubricant, but also on its temperature and in particular the desired layer thickness.
  • the desired layer thickness depends on the degree of deformation.
  • the exposure time is preferably set to 1 to 20 minutes.
  • the coating formed thereby has a phosphate layer with embedded and / or deposited lubricant particles.
  • the coated metal parts are then dried. Temperatures in the range from ambient temperature to 177 ° C are suitable for this. However, the preferred drying temperatures are between 121 and 177 ° C.
  • the lubricant particles When drying at an elevated temperature, the lubricant particles flow together to form a film (coalesce). However, such film formation is not necessary to obtain satisfactory layers. Lubricant particles distributed in or on the phosphate layer also ensure satisfactory lubrication during the subsequent cold working.
  • the above-mentioned concentrate was diluted 1: 1 by volume with water and the treatment bath obtained was brought to a temperature of 77 ° C.
  • reaction lubricant thus obtained was used for a long time to treat workpieces. Iron dissolved, which reached a concentration of 0.2% by weight. An examination of the treatment bath showed that demulsification was already beginning to emerge.
  • a fresh treatment bath according to Example 1 was changed such that tetrasodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid was added in an amount of 1% by weight as a chelating agent.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein wäßriges saures Reaktionsschmiermittel zur Behandlung von Metalloberflächen vor der Kaltverformung mit einem Gehalt an Phosphationen und emulgierbarer organischer Schmiermittelkomponente sowie ein Verfahren zur Vorbereitung von Metallen für die Kaltverformung unter Anwendung dieses Reaktionsschmiermittels.The invention relates to an aqueous acidic reaction lubricant for the treatment of metal surfaces before cold working with a content of phosphate ions and emulsifiable organic lubricant component and a method for preparing metals for cold working using this reaction lubricant.

Es ist seit langem bekannt, zur Erleichterung der spanlosen Verformung von phosphatierbaren Metallen, insbesondere Eisen und Stahl, zunächst auf die zu verformenden Werkstücke auf chemischem Wege eine Phosphatschicht aufzubringen und die Verformung dann unter zusätzlicher Verwendung eines organischen Gleitmittels für Metalle durchzuführen.It has long been known to chemically apply a phosphate layer to the workpieces to be deformed in order to facilitate the non-cutting deformation of phosphatable metals, in particular iron and steel, and then to carry out the deformation using an additional organic lubricant for metals.

Es ist auch bekannt, zwecks Vereinfachung in einer Verfahrensstufe gleichzeitig sowohl die Phosphatschicht als auch die organische Schmiermittelkomponente auf die zu verformenden Werkstücke aufzubringen. Zu diesem Zweck werden üblicherweise Mittel angewendet, die in einer wäßrigen Phase das saure Phosphatierugsmittel und darin gelöst bzw. emulgiert oder dispergiert die organische gleitend und schmierend wirkende Komponente enthalten. Gemäß der USA-Patentschrift 3 525 651 wird eine Phosphatierungslösung auf Basis Zinkphosphat, in der eine feste Mischung von Fettsäure und wasserlöslichem oberflächenaktivem Mittel dispergiert wird, für ein Einstufen-Verfahren verwendet. Derartige Mittel weisen jedoch den Nachteil auf, daß ihre Stabilität sehr begrenzt ist, so daß die Gefahr besteht, daß sie sich entmischen und dadurch unbrauchbar werden oder zu ungleichförmigen Überzügen führen. Die Mittel bedürfen auch einer sorgfältigen Überwachung und Ergänzung der schichtbildenden Komponenten der Phosphatierungslösung. Das gleiche gilt für die Arbeitsweise der österreichischen Patentschrift 189151, bei der eine wäßrige Lösung und/oder Dispersion eines aliphatischen Phosphats mit 8 bis 18 Kohlenstoffatomen, gegebenenfalls zusammen mit Metallionen und die Löslichkeit erhöhenden Aminen, in einem pH-Bereich zwischen 3,0 und 5,5 verwendet und der auf die Oberflächen aufgebrachte Lösungsfilm, vorzugsweise bei erhöhter Temperatur, aufgetrocknet wird. Der gebildete Uberzug ist amorph, dünn und teilweise fettig, so daß bei Druckanwendung nur ein leichter öliger Film entsteht, der als Schmiermittel zur Verfügung steht.It is also known to simultaneously apply both the phosphate layer and the organic lubricant component to the workpieces to be deformed in order to simplify them in one process step. For this purpose, agents are usually used which contain the acidic phosphating agent in an aqueous phase and, dissolved or emulsified or dispersed therein, the organic lubricating and lubricating component. According to U.S. Patent 3,525,651, a phosphating solution based on zinc phosphate, in which a solid mixture of fatty acid and water-soluble surfactant is dispersed, is used for a one-step process. However, such agents have the disadvantage that their stability is very limited, so that there is a risk that they will separate and thus become unusable or lead to non-uniform coatings. The agents also require careful monitoring and supplementation of the layer-forming components of the phosphating solution. The same applies to the operation of the Austrian patent 189151, in which an aqueous solution and / or dispersion of an aliphatic phosphate with 8 to 18 carbon atoms, optionally together with metal ions and the solubility-increasing amines, in a pH range between 3.0 and 5 , 5 is used and the solution film applied to the surfaces is dried, preferably at elevated temperature. The coating formed is amorphous, thin and partly greasy, so that when pressure is applied, only a light, oily film is formed which is available as a lubricant.

Es sind auch reaktive Schmiermittel auf Phosphorsäure-Basis mit Gehalten an langkettigen Aminen bzw. Amiden bekannt, die nur einen geringeren Anteil Wasser und erhebliche Mengen organischer Gleitmittel enthalten (britische Patentschrift 891 150 und deutsche Auslegeschrift 1 210 296). Die Mittel bilden aufgrund ihres Gehaltes an freier Phosphorsäure jedoch häufig nur eine ungenügende Phosphatschicht aus und sind in bezug auf die Anforderungen bei manchen Verformungsbehandlungen nicht zufriedenstellend.Reactive lubricants based on phosphoric acid with contents of long-chain amines or amides are also known, which contain only a smaller proportion of water and considerable amounts of organic lubricants (British Patent 891 150 and German Auslegeschrift 1 210 296). However, because of their free phosphoric acid content, the agents often form only an insufficient phosphate layer and are unsatisfactory in terms of the requirements for some deformation treatments.

Ein weiteres Problem bei der Anwendung von Reaktionsschmiermitteln ergibt sich aus der Anreicherung von Metallionen, die infolge des Beizangriffs auf die Metalloberfläche in die Emulsion gelangen. Bereits bei vergleichsweise geringen Konzentrationen, etwa 0,2 Gew.-%, bewirken sie eine Entemulgierung bzw. Entmischung, so daß eine einwandfreie Arbeitsweise des Reaktionsschmiermittels nicht mehr gewährleistet ist.Another problem with the use of reaction lubricants arises from the accumulation of metal ions which get into the emulsion as a result of the pickling attack on the metal surface. Even at comparatively low concentrations, about 0.2% by weight, they bring about demulsification or demixing, so that the reaction lubricant can no longer function properly.

. Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es , die bekannten, insbesondere vorgenannten Nachteile zu vermeiden und ein wäßriges saures Reaktionsschmiermittel zur Verfügung zu stellen, das vielseitig anwendbar ist, wirksame Schmiermittelüberzüge auf Metalloberflächen erzeugt, über einen weiten Anwendungsbereich stabil ist und praktisch nicht zur Entemulgierung neigt.. The object of the present invention is to avoid the known disadvantages, in particular those mentioned above, and to provide an aqueous acidic reaction lubricant which is versatile, produces effective lubricant coatings on metal surfaces, is stable over a wide range of applications and is practically not prone to de-emulsification.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist weiterhin, ein Verfahren zur Vorbereitung von Metallen für die Kaltverformung unter Anwendung dieses Reaktionsschmiermittels bereitzustellen, das einfach in der Durchführung ist.Another object of the invention is to provide a method for preparing metals for cold working using this reaction lubricant, which is simple to carry out.

Die Aufgabe wird gelöst, indem das eingangs genannte wäßrige saure Reaktionsschmiermittel entsprechend der Erfindung derart formuliert wird, daß es

  • a) 0,2 bis 15 Gew.-% Phosphationen,
  • b) als organische Schmiermittelkomponente 0,3 bis 16 Gew.-% einer organischen Carbonsäure oder eines Alkohols mit 8 bis 40 C-Atomen, deren Ester, deren Mono- oder Polyamide, deren Mono-oder Polyalkylammoniumsalze mit 1 bis 18 C-Atomen in der Alkylkette einzeln oder im Gemisch,
  • c) als Emulgator 0,1 bis 10 Gew.-% eines Oxazolinwachses und/oder einer Verbindung der Formel
    Figure imgb0001
    wobei n = bis 5 ist und R eine Zahl von C-Atomen aufweist, die der Talgfettsäure (Talgalkyl) entspricht,
  • d) als Chelatbildner 0,25 bis 3 Gew.-% Äthylendiamintetraessigsäure bzw. deren Alkali- und/oder Ammoniumsalze

enthält.The object is achieved by formulating the aforementioned aqueous acidic reaction lubricant according to the invention in such a way that it
  • a) 0.2 to 15% by weight of phosphate ions,
  • b) as an organic lubricant component 0.3 to 16% by weight of an organic carboxylic acid or an alcohol with 8 to 40 C atoms, its esters, its mono- or polyamides, its mono- or polyalkylammonium salts with 1 to 18 C atoms in the alkyl chain individually or in a mixture,
  • c) as an emulsifier 0.1 to 10 wt .-% of an oxazoline wax and / or a compound of the formula
    Figure imgb0001
    where n = to 5 and R has a number of carbon atoms which corresponds to tallow fatty acid (tallow alkyl),
  • d) as a chelating agent, 0.25 to 3% by weight of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid or its alkali and / or ammonium salts

contains.

Die vorgenannten Grenzen für die Badkomponenten ergeben sich insbesondere daraus, daß ein Unterschreiten der unteren Konzentrationsangaben nicht mehr zu befriedigenden Schmierschichten führt bzw. nicht mehr den verfolgten Zweck gewährleistet, wohingegen ein Überschreiten der oberen Grenzen zu einer Instabilität der Emulsion führen kann.The aforementioned limits for the bathroom components result in particular from the fact that a Falling below the lower concentration values no longer leads to satisfactory lubricating layers or no longer guarantees the intended purpose, whereas exceeding the upper limits can lead to instability of the emulsion.

Der Chelatbildner kann als freie Säure bzw. als Mono-, Di-, Tri- und/oder Tetraalkali- bzw. -Ammoniumsalz eingesetzt werden. Bei Verwendung der Salze sind äquivalente Mengen zuzugeben.The chelating agent can be used as the free acid or as the mono-, di-, tri- and / or tetraalkali or ammonium salt. Equivalent amounts should be added when using the salts.

Das für die Metallbehandlung zu verwendende Reaktionsschmiermittel kann als konzentratähnliche Zusammensetzung, die im oberen beanspruchten Konzentrationsbereich liegt, angesetzt werden, so daß zum Ansatz und zur Ergänzung der arbeitenden Behandlungsemulsion eine einfache Verdünnung mit Wasser vorgenommen werden kann.The reaction lubricant to be used for the metal treatment can be prepared as a concentrate-like composition which lies in the concentration range claimed, so that a simple dilution with water can be carried out to prepare and supplement the working treatment emulsion.

Der pH-Wert der Reaktionsschmiermittel ist derart einzustellen, daß einerseits ein übermäßiger Beizangriff auf die Metalloberfläche unterbleibt, andererseits jedoch eine zur Ausbildung der Phosphatschicht erforderliche ausreichende Reaktion hiermit stattfindet.The pH of the reaction lubricants is to be adjusted in such a way that on the one hand there is no excessive pickling attack on the metal surface, but on the other hand an adequate reaction necessary to form the phosphate layer takes place with it.

Bevorzugte Reaktionsschmiermittel sind solche, die die Komponenten a) in einer Menge von 0,2 bis 6 Gew.-%, b) in einer Menge von 0,3 bis 16 Gew.-%, c) in einer Menge von 0,1 bis 10 Gew.-% und d) in einer Menge von 0,25 bis 3,0 Gew.-%, insbesondere die Komponenten a) in einer Menge von 1,5 bis 6 Gew.-%, b) in einer Menge von 2 bis 6 Gew.-% die Komponente c) in einer Menge von 0,5 bis 4 Gew.-% und d) in einer Menge von 0,5 bis 2,0 Gew.-% bzw. die Komponenten a) mit einer Menge von 1,5 bis 3 Gew.-%, b) in einer Menge von 2 bis 6 Gew.-%, c) in einer Menge von 0,5 bis 4 Gew.-% und d) in einer Menge von 0,5 bis 2,0 Gew.-% enthalten.Preferred reaction lubricants are those which contain components a) in an amount of 0.2 to 6% by weight, b) in an amount of 0.3 to 16% by weight, c) in an amount of 0.1 to 10% by weight and d) in an amount of 0.25 to 3.0% by weight, in particular components a) in an amount of 1.5 to 6% by weight, b) in an amount of 2 up to 6% by weight of component c) in an amount of 0.5 to 4% by weight and d) in an amount of 0.5 to 2.0% by weight or components a) in an amount from 1.5 to 3% by weight, b) in an amount from 2 to 6% by weight, c) in an amount from 0.5 to 4% by weight and d) in an amount of 0.5 contain up to 2.0 wt .-%.

Eine besonders vorteilhafte Schmiermittelschicht wird erhalten, wenn die Schmiermittelkomponente b) bis zu 50 Gew.-% aus N-Alkyl-1,3-diaminopropandioleat besteht. Die Zahl der C-Atome des Alkylrests entspricht dabei der Zahl der C-Atome der Talgfettsäure. Talgfettsäure ist eine Mischung verschiedener definierter Fettsäuren, so daß die Länge der Alkylketten - je nach Anteil der einzelnen Fettsäuren im Talg - auch in der Schmiermittelkomponente b) unterschiedlich ist. Dieser Zusatz hat neben seiner Eigenschaft als guter Filmbildner auch noch die Fähigkeit, als Grenzschichtschmiermittel zu wirken. Dieses Schmiermittel besitzt weiterhin eine gute Emulgierwirkung und führt - wegen seiner Kationenaktivität - zu einer stabilen Emulsion.A particularly advantageous lubricant layer is obtained if the lubricant component b) consists of up to 50% by weight of N-alkyl-1,3-diaminopropanedioleate. The number of carbon atoms in the alkyl radical corresponds to the number of carbon atoms in tallow fatty acid. Tallow fatty acid is a mixture of different defined fatty acids, so that the length of the alkyl chains - depending on the proportion of the individual fatty acids in the tallow - also varies in the lubricant component b). In addition to being a good film former, this additive also has the ability to act as a boundary layer lubricant. This lubricant also has a good emulsifying effect and, because of its cation activity, leads to a stable emulsion.

Eine weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist durch ein Reaktionsschmiermittel gegeben, das zusätzlich Sehwermetallionen, vorzugsweise Eisen- oder Zinkionen, enthält. Derartige Zusätze aktivieren das Reuk, onsschmiermittel, indem sie die Phosphatschichtausbiidung beschleunigen. Die Menge muß unterhalb der Grenze liegen, bei der die Emulsion instabil zu werden beginnt. Vorzugsweise beträgt der Gehalt an Eisen- oder Zinkionen 0,1 bis 0,2 Gew.-%.A further advantageous embodiment of the invention is provided by a reaction lubricant which additionally contains visual metal ions, preferably iron or zinc ions. Such additives activate the lubricant by accelerating the phosphate layer formation. The amount must be below the limit at which the emulsion begins to become unstable. The content of iron or zinc ions is preferably 0.1 to 0.2% by weight.

Eine weitere bevorzugte Zusammensetzung des Reaktionsschmiermittels ist dann gegeben, wenn die Carbonsäure und/oder der Alkohol der organischen Schmiermittelkomponente b) 8 bis 24 C-Atome aufweist.A further preferred composition of the reaction lubricant is given when the carboxylic acid and / or the alcohol of the organic lubricant component b) has 8 to 24 carbon atoms.

Das als Komponente c) eingesetzte Oxazolinwachs zeichnet sich nicht nur als guter Emulgator aus, sondern ist zudem für eine beträchtliche Verbesserung der thermischen Stabilität des Reaktionsschmiermittels, insbesondere bei Temperaturen oberhalb 71 ° C, bei denen es leicht zu einem Entemulgieren - erkennbar an einer schwimmenden Ölschicht - kommen kann, verantwortlich. Ein besonders geeignetes Oxazolinwachs besitzt die Formel

Figure imgb0002
The oxazoline wax used as component c) is not only a good emulsifier, but is also for a considerable improvement in the thermal stability of the reaction lubricant, especially at temperatures above 71 ° C, at which it is easy to demulsify - recognizable by a floating oil layer - can come, responsible. The formula has a particularly suitable oxazoline wax
Figure imgb0002

Dabei sind Ri, R2 und R3 gleich oder verschieden und stellen Kohlenwasserstoffreste mit 1 bis 36 C-Atomen dar, die auch Alkohol-, Carboxyl- und/oder Estergruppen aufweisen können; R2 kann jedoch auch Wasserstoff sein. Derartig aufgebaute Oxazolinwachse sind z. B. unter der Handelsbezeichnung Wax TS 254, Wax TS 254 A, Wax TS 254 AA, Wax TS 970, Alkaterge E und Alkaterge T von der Firma IMC Chemical Group, Inc., Hillsdale, Illinois (NP Division) erhältlich.R i , R 2 and R 3 are the same or different and represent hydrocarbon radicals with 1 to 36 carbon atoms, which can also have alcohol, carboxyl and / or ester groups; However, R 2 can also be hydrogen. Oxazoline waxes constructed in this way are e.g. B. available under the trade name Wax TS 254, Wax TS 254 A, Wax TS 254 AA, Wax TS 970, Alkaterge E and Alkaterge T from IMC Chemical Group, Inc., Hillsdale, Illinois (NP Division).

Ein weiteres Problem bei der Anwendung von Reaktionsschmiermitteln der vorgenannten Art besteht in der Bildung von Rost auf der Metalloberfläche während des Trocknungsvorganges. Die Gegenwart von Wasserdampf und der vergleichsweise hohe Gehalt der Emulsion an freier Säure verursachen ein derartiges Rosten, insbesondere in Bereichen, die für die Trockenluft schwer zugänglich sind. Eine solche Situation tritt insbesondere bei gepackten Metallgegenständen, beispielsweise Drahtbunden, an den Stellen auf, an denen eine gegenseitige Berührung vorhanden ist und demzufolge die Trockenluft keinen Zutritt hat. Die Gegenwart von Rost beeinträchtigt nicht nur das Aussehen der Oberfläche des fertigen Erzeugnisses, sondern erhöht zudem wesentlich den Ziehwiderstand während des Verformungsvorganges, die Abnutzung des Ziehwerkzeugs und kann zur Riefenbildung führen.Another problem with the use of reaction lubricants of the aforementioned type is the formation of rust on the metal surface during the drying process. The presence of water vapor and the comparatively high content of free acid in the emulsion cause such rusting, particularly in areas which are difficult to access for the dry air. Such a situation occurs in particular in the case of packed metal objects, for example wire coils, at the points where there is mutual contact and consequently the dry air has no access. The presence of rust not only affects the appearance of the surface of the finished product, but also significantly increases it Drawing resistance during the deformation process, wear of the drawing tool and can lead to scoring.

Vorzugsweise werden daher Reaktionsschmiermittel eingesetzt, die als Inhibitor 0,1 bis 5 Gew.-% eines aus Carbonsäure mit 7 bis 18 C-Atomen und aliphatischem Amin mit bis 12 C-Atomen gebildeten Ammoniun;salzes enthalten, insbesondere werden Salze von Alkanolamin, vorzugsweise von Triäthanolamin, bevorzugt Salze von Triäthanolamin mit Octansäure oder mit Stearinsäure verwendet. Ein Inhibitor der vorgenannten Art ist in Form einer Lösung mit einem Gehalt von 40 Gew.-% eines Salzes von Triäthanolamin mit Octansäure unter der Handelsbezeichnung Synkad 303, insbesondere Synkad 303 HT von der Firma Keil Chemical Division of Ferro Corporation, Indiana, USA, erhältlich. Die Lösung besitzt eine Dichte von 1,07 g/cm3 (bei 25° C) und enthält etwa 30% flüchtige Bestandteile.Reaction lubricants are therefore preferably used which contain 0.1 to 5% by weight of an ammonium salt formed from carboxylic acid with 7 to 18 C atoms and aliphatic amine with up to 12 C atoms as inhibitor, in particular salts of alkanolamine are preferred of triethanolamine, preferably salts of triethanolamine with octanoic acid or with stearic acid. An inhibitor of the aforementioned type is available in the form of a solution containing 40% by weight of a salt of triethanolamine with octanoic acid under the trade name Synkad 303, in particular Synkad 303 HT, from Keil Chemical Division of Ferro Corporation, Indiana, USA . The solution has a density of 1.07 g / cm 3 (at 25 ° C) and contains about 30% volatile components.

Der Chelatbildner verbessert nicht nur die Stabilität der Emulsion, wenn die Eisengehalte 0,2 Gew.-% erreichen oder übersteigen, sondern zeigen überraschenderweise auch eine korrosionsinhibierende Wirkung. In Verbindung mit Korrosionsinhibitoren der vorgenannten Art ist ein synergistischer Effekt festzustellen, so daß mit vergleichsweise geringen Konzentrationen an Chelatbildner und Korrosionsinhibitor in optimaler Korrosionsschutz erzielt wird.The chelating agent not only improves the stability of the emulsion when the iron contents reach or exceed 0.2% by weight, but surprisingly also shows a corrosion-inhibiting effect. In connection with corrosion inhibitors of the aforementioned type, a synergistic effect can be determined, so that optimal corrosion protection is achieved with comparatively low concentrations of chelating agent and corrosion inhibitor.

Weiterhin wurde festgestellt, daß der Chelatbildner in der Lage ist, ein durch hohe Eisengehalte bereits entemulgiertes Behandlungsbad wieder zu reemulgieren. Hierzu wird zweckmäßigerweise während der Zugabe des Chelatbildners kräftig gerührt. Schließlich erhöht der Chelatbildner die Trocknungsgeschwindigkeit während der Auftrocknung des Reaktionsschmiermittels, so daß Zeit-und Energieersparnisse erzielt werden.Furthermore, it was found that the chelating agent is able to re-emulsify a treatment bath that has already been demulsified by high iron contents. For this purpose, it is advisable to stir vigorously while adding the chelating agent. Finally, the chelating agent increases the drying speed during the drying of the reaction lubricant, so that time and energy are saved.

Vorzugsweise wird der pH-Wert des Reaktionsschmiermittels auf einen Wert im Bereich von 2,4 bis 3,4, insbesondere 2,8 bis 3,1, eingestellt. Dies kann insbesondere mit Phosphorsäure geschehen.The pH of the reaction lubricant is preferably adjusted to a value in the range from 2.4 to 3.4, in particular 2.8 to 3.1. This can be done in particular with phosphoric acid.

Ein Konzentrat, das zur weiteren Verdünnung mit Wasser geeignet ist, kann wie folgt hergestellt werden:

  • Zunächst werden die Schmiermittelkomponente und der Emulgator unter Erhitzen zu einer geschmolzenen Masse verrührt. Daneben wird eine heiße wäßrige Lösung, die die Phosphationen - und gegebenenfalls weitere wasserlösliche Komponenten - enthält, hergestellt und anschließend mit der organischen Schmelze langsam unter heftigem Rühren vermischt. Die wäßrige Phosphatlösung wurde vorher zweckmäßigerweise auf eine Temperatur im Bereich von 71 bis 93° C gebracht und während des Zusatzes der organischen Bestandteile auf dieser Temperatur gehalten. Anschließend wird die erhaltene Emulsion gekühlt.
A concentrate that is suitable for further dilution with water can be prepared as follows:
  • First, the lubricant component and the emulsifier are stirred with heating to a molten mass. In addition, a hot aqueous solution containing the phosphate ions - and optionally other water-soluble components - is prepared and then mixed slowly with the organic melt with vigorous stirring. The aqueous phosphate solution was expediently brought to a temperature in the range from 71 to 93 ° C. beforehand and kept at this temperature during the addition of the organic constituents. The emulsion obtained is then cooled.

Es ist jedoch auch möglich, der heißen wäßrigen Phosphatlösung zunächst den Emulgator und anschließend die geschmolzene Schmiermittelkomponente - wiederum unter kräftigem Rühren - zuzusetzen. Bei beiden vorstehend genannten Präparationsmethoden wird der Chelatbildner und ggf. der Inhibitor zweckmäßigerweise zum Schluß zugesetzt.However, it is also possible to add the emulsifier and then the molten lubricant component to the hot aqueous phosphate solution, again with vigorous stirring. In both of the preparation methods mentioned above, the chelating agent and possibly the inhibitor are expediently added at the end.

Das Konzentrat kann als solches oder nach geeigneter Verdünnung mit Wasser zur Behandlung der Metalloberflächen eingesetzt werden.The concentrate can be used as such or after suitable dilution with water to treat the metal surfaces.

Das erfindungsgemäße Reaktionsschmiermittel kann bei Temperaturen, die im Bereich von Umgebungstemperatur und 93°C liegen, aufgebracht werden. Bevorzugt ist jedoch der Temperaturbereich von 49 bis 71 ° C. Erhöhte Temperaturen sind insofern vorteilhaft, als die Aktivität des Reaktionsschmiermittels erhöht und die Ausbildung des Phosphatüberzuges beschleunigt wird. Die Aufbringung des Reaktionsschmiermittels kann wie üblich, z. B. durch Tauchen, Spritzen oder Fluten, erfolgen. Wegen des besonders innigen Kontaktes zwischen Metalloberfläche und Reaktionsschmiermittel ist das Tauchverfahren bevorzugt. Um Homogenität des Bades zu erhalten. empfiehlt sich gleichzeitiges Rühren.The reaction lubricant according to the invention can be applied at temperatures which are in the range of ambient temperature and 93 ° C. However, the temperature range from 49 to 71 ° C. is preferred. Elevated temperatures are advantageous in that the activity of the reaction lubricant is increased and the formation of the phosphate coating is accelerated. The application of the reaction lubricant can, as usual, e.g. B. by diving, spraying or flooding. The immersion method is preferred because of the particularly intimate contact between the metal surface and the reaction lubricant. To maintain homogeneity of the bath. simultaneous stirring is recommended.

Die Dauer der Behandlung ist von der Zusammensetzung und der Konzentration des Reaktionsschmiermittels, aber auch von dessen Temperatur und insbesondere der erwünschten Schichtstärke abhängig. Die erwünschte Schichtdicke wiederum richtet sich nach dem Grad der Verformung. Vorzugsweise wird die Einwirkungszeit auf.1 bis 20 Minuten eingestellt. Der dabei gebildete Uberzug weist eine Phosphatschicht mit eingelagerten und/oder darauf abgeschiedenen Schmiermittelpartikeln auf.The duration of the treatment depends on the composition and the concentration of the reaction lubricant, but also on its temperature and in particular the desired layer thickness. The desired layer thickness depends on the degree of deformation. The exposure time is preferably set to 1 to 20 minutes. The coating formed thereby has a phosphate layer with embedded and / or deposited lubricant particles.

Im Anschluß werden die beschichteten Metallteile getrocknet. Hierfür sind Temperaturen im Bereich von Umgebungstemperatur bis 177° C geeignet. Die bevorzugten Trockentemperaturen liegen jedoch zwischen 121 und 177°C.The coated metal parts are then dried. Temperatures in the range from ambient temperature to 177 ° C are suitable for this. However, the preferred drying temperatures are between 121 and 177 ° C.

Bei der Trocknung bei erhöhter Temperatur fließen die Schmiermittelpartikeln unter Bildung eines Films zusammen (koaleszieren). Eine derartige Filmbildung ist jedoch zum Erhalt zufriedenstellender Schichten nicht erforderlich. Auch in bzw. auf der Phosphatschicht verteilte Schmiermittelpartikeln gewähren eine zufriedenstellende Schmierung während der anschließenden Kaltverformung.When drying at an elevated temperature, the lubricant particles flow together to form a film (coalesce). However, such film formation is not necessary to obtain satisfactory layers. Lubricant particles distributed in or on the phosphate layer also ensure satisfactory lubrication during the subsequent cold working.

Sofern die mit dem Reaktionsschmiermittel zu überziehenden Metalloberflächen nicht bereits die erforderliche Reinheit besitzen, empfehlen sich die üblichen Reinigungsverfahren, um Verunreinigungen und Rost zu entfernen.If the metal surfaces to be coated with the reaction lubricant are not already clean enough, the usual cleaning methods are recommended to remove impurities and rust.

Die Erfindung wird anhand der nachfolgenden Beispiele beispielsweise und näher erläutert.The invention is illustrated by the following examples, for example and in more detail.

Beispiel 1example 1

Als Vergleichsversuch wurde ein Konzentrat hergestellt, das

  • 2,6 Gew.-% saures Zinkphosphat (14 Gew.-% Zn, 48 Gew.-% P04)
  • 5,6 Gew.-% Phosphorsäure (75 Gew.-%)

eine Mischung von hochmolekularer Fettsäure, bestehend aus
  • 2,9 Gew.-% Stearinsäure (C 18=95 Gew.-%) und
  • 2,5 Gew.-% eines teilweise oxidierten Gemisches hochmolekularer Fettsäuren bzw. Ester bzw. Alkohole mit der Handelsbezeichnung ALOX 600 der Alox Corporation sowie
  • 2,0 Gew.-% N-Talgalkyl-1,3-diaminopropandioleat mit der Handelsbezeichnung Duomeen TDO der Firma Armak Chemicals Div. der Akzona Inc., Chicago,

(jeweils bezogen auf das Gesamtkonzentrat)
als Schmiermittel,
  • 2,0 Gew.-% N-Talgalkylpolypropylentetramin (mit der Handelsbezeichnung Jet Amine TET der Firma Jetco Chemicals, Inc., Texas) als Emulgator

Rest Wasser
enthielt.As a comparative experiment, a concentrate was produced that
  • 2.6% by weight of acidic zinc phosphate (14% by weight of Zn, 48% by weight of P0 4 )
  • 5.6% by weight phosphoric acid (75% by weight)

a mixture of high molecular fatty acid consisting of
  • 2.9% by weight of stearic acid (C 18 = 95% by weight) and
  • 2.5% by weight of a partially oxidized mixture of high molecular fatty acids or esters or alcohols with the trade name ALOX 600 from Alox Corporation and
  • 2.0% by weight of N-tallow alkyl-1,3-diaminopropanedioleate with the trade name Duomeen TDO from Armak Chemicals Div. Akzona Inc., Chicago,

(each based on the total concentrate)
as a lubricant,
  • 2.0% by weight of N-tallow alkyl polypropylene tetramine (with the trade name Jet Amine TET from Jetco Chemicals, Inc., Texas) as an emulsifier

Rest of water
contained.

Das vorerwähnte Konzentrat wurde im Vol.-Verhältnis 1 : 1 mit Wasser verdünnt und das erhaltene Behandlungsbad auf eine Temperatur von 77° C gebracht.The above-mentioned concentrate was diluted 1: 1 by volume with water and the treatment bath obtained was brought to a temperature of 77 ° C.

Das so erhaltene Reaktionsschmiermittel wurde während längerer Zeit zur Behandlung von Werkstücken eingesetzt. Dabei löste sich Eisen, das eine Konzentration von 0,2 Gew.-% erreichte. Eine Untersuchung des Behandlungsbades ergab, daß sich bereits eine Entemulgierung abzuzeichnen begann.The reaction lubricant thus obtained was used for a long time to treat workpieces. Iron dissolved, which reached a concentration of 0.2% by weight. An examination of the treatment bath showed that demulsification was already beginning to emerge.

Beispiel 2Example 2

Es wurde ein frisches Behandlungsbad gemäß Beispiel 1 dahingehend geändert, daß Tetranatriumäthylendiamintetraessigsäure in einer Menge von 1 Gew.-% als Chelatbildner zugegeben wurde.A fresh treatment bath according to Example 1 was changed such that tetrasodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid was added in an amount of 1% by weight as a chelating agent.

Bei einer übereinstimmenden Behandlung von Werkstücken wie in Beispiel 1, bei der ein Beizabtrag entsprechend einem Eisengehalt von 0,2 Gew.-% im Reaktionsschmiermittel stattfand, wurde keinerlei Entemulgierung beobachtet.When the workpieces were treated in the same way as in Example 1, in which pickling removal corresponding to an iron content of 0.2% by weight took place in the reaction lubricant, no de-emulsification was observed.

Claims (13)

1. Aquecus acidic reactive lubricant for the treatment of metal surfaces prior to cold forming with a content of phosphate ions and emulsifyable organic lubricant constituent, characterized in that it contains
a) 0,2 to 15% by weight phosphate ions,
b) as organic lubricant constituent 0,3 to 16% by weight of an organic carboxylic acid or an alcohol having 8 to 40 carbon atoms including esters, mono- or polyamides, mono- or polyalkyl ammonium salts having 1 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain or mixtures thereof,
c) as emulsifying agent 0,1 to 10% by weight of an oxazoline wax and/or of a compound of the formula
Figure imgb0004
wherein n is 1 to 5 and R contains a number of carbon atoms corresponding to tallow fatty acid (tallow alkyl),
d) as chelating agent 0.25 to 3% by weight of ethylendiaminetetraacetic acid, the alkali metal and/or ammonium salts respectively.
2. Reaktive lubricant according to claim 1 characterized in that it contains
constituent a) in a quantity of 0.2 to 6% by weight,
constituent b) in a quantity of 0.3 to 16% by weight,
constituent c) in a quantity of 0.1 to 10% by weight and
constituent d) in a quantity of 0.25 to 3% by weight.
3. Reactive lubricant according to claim 1 or 2 characterized in that it contains
constituent a) in a quantity of 1.5 to 6% by weight,
constituent b) in a quantity of 2 to 6% by weight,
constituent c) in a quantity of 0.5 to 4% by weight and
constituent d) in a quantity of 0.5 to 2.0% by weight.
4. Reactive lubricant according to claim 1,2 or 3 characterized in that it contains
constituent a) in a quantity of 1.5 to 3% by weight,
constituent b) in a quantity of 2 to 6% by weight,
constituent c) in a quantity of 0.5 to 4% by weight and
constituent d) in a quantity of 0.5 to 2.0% by weight.
5. Reactive lubricant according to claim 1,2,3 or 4 characterized in that the lubricant constituent b) comprises up to 50% by weight of N-alkyl-1,3-diaminopropane dioleate wherein the number of carbon atoms of the alkyl group corresponds to that of tallow fatty acid (tallow alkyl).
6. Reactive lubricant according to one or more of the claims 1 to 5 characterized in that it contains in addition heavy metal ions, preferably iron and/or zinc ions.
7. Reactive lubricant according to one or more of the claims 1 to 6 characterized in that the carboxylic acid and/or the alcohol of the organic lubricant constituent b) contains 8 to 24 carbon atoms.
8. Reactive lubricant according to one or more of the claims 1 to 7 characterized in that it contains in addition as inhibitor 0.1 to 5% by weight of a salt of a carboxylic acid having 7 to 18 carbon atoms and an aliphatic amine having up to 12 carbon atoms.
9. Reactive lubricant according to one or more of the claims 1 to 8 characterized in that it contains as inhibitor a salt of alkanolamine, preferably triethanolamine, and preferably octanoic and/or stearic acid.
10. Reactive lubricant according to one or more of the claims 1 to 9 characterized in that it has an index of pH of 2.4 to 3.4, preferably 2.8 to 3.1.
11. Process for the preparation of metals for cold forming using the reactive lubricant according to one or more of the claims 1 to 10 characterized in that the reactive lubricant is applied with a temperature ranging from ambient temperature up to 93° C, preferably from 49 up to 71 ° C.
12. Process according to claim 11 characterized in that the reaction time of the reactive lubricant is adjustetto 1 to 20 minutes.
13. Process according to claim 11 or 12 characterized in that the reactive lubricant is dried in situ at a temperature ranging from ambient temperature up to 177° C, preferably from 121 up to 177° C.
EP80200736A 1979-08-07 1980-08-02 Reactive lubricant and process for the preparation of metals for cold forming Expired EP0025236B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT80200736T ATE2683T1 (en) 1979-08-07 1980-08-02 REACTION LUBRICANTS AND PROCESSES FOR PREPARING METALS FOR COLD FORMING.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US6468279A 1979-08-07 1979-08-07
US64682 1979-08-07

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EP0025236A1 EP0025236A1 (en) 1981-03-18
EP0025236B1 true EP0025236B1 (en) 1983-03-02

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JP (1) JPS5632595A (en)
KR (1) KR840000654B1 (en)
AR (1) AR225452A1 (en)
AT (1) ATE2683T1 (en)
AU (1) AU535470B2 (en)
BR (1) BR8004943A (en)
CA (1) CA1149371A (en)
DE (1) DE3062209D1 (en)
ES (1) ES8106021A1 (en)
IT (1) IT1132535B (en)
PH (1) PH15744A (en)
PT (1) PT71659A (en)
ZA (1) ZA804457B (en)

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SE441099B (en) * 1983-02-10 1985-09-09 Berol Kemi Ab PROCEDURES FOR MECHANICAL PROCESSING OF IRON AND Aqueous CONCENTRATE PROVIDED FOR USING THE PROCEDURE
JPS6131213A (en) * 1984-07-23 1986-02-13 Yuuhoo Chem Kk Composition of mold lubricant
JPS6171131A (en) * 1984-09-14 1986-04-12 Takeo Hayashi Metallic plate having lubricity
DE3447346A1 (en) * 1984-12-24 1986-06-26 Dow Corning GmbH, 8000 München LUBRICANT FOR WATER FITTINGS LIKE TAPS AND THE LIKE
JPS61263748A (en) * 1985-05-17 1986-11-21 日本製箔株式会社 Metallic sheet for molding
JP4727932B2 (en) * 2004-01-16 2011-07-20 株式会社日中製作所 Last runner
JP4627415B2 (en) * 2004-05-06 2011-02-09 スギムラ化学工業株式会社 Lubricant for metal processing, method for forming solid lubricant film for metal processing
CN107709619B (en) 2015-04-15 2020-12-15 汉高股份有限及两合公司 Thin corrosion protection coatings containing polyamidoamine polymers
CN117340173B (en) * 2023-12-06 2024-03-08 成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院股份有限公司 Method for inhibiting cracking in nickel-copper alloy forging process

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DE1210296B (en) * 1958-04-24 1966-02-03 Heintz Mfg Company Means and processes for treating metals for cold working
GB1204869A (en) * 1967-12-08 1970-09-09 Foseco Trading Ag Lubricants for cold-working metals
US3932287A (en) * 1971-01-19 1976-01-13 Oxy Metal Industries Corporation Reactive cold forming lubricant
GB1421386A (en) * 1973-09-19 1976-01-14 Pyrene Chemical Services Ltd Coating compostions
DE2736874A1 (en) * 1977-08-16 1979-03-01 Metallgesellschaft Ag METHOD FOR EASIER COLD FORMING OF METALS

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BR8004943A (en) 1981-02-17
ES494476A0 (en) 1981-07-16
IT1132535B (en) 1986-07-02
PH15744A (en) 1983-03-18
AR225452A1 (en) 1982-03-31
ZA804457B (en) 1982-03-31
EP0025236A1 (en) 1981-03-18
AU535470B2 (en) 1984-03-22
PT71659A (en) 1980-09-01
IT8024022A0 (en) 1980-08-06
DE3062209D1 (en) 1983-04-07
AU6068180A (en) 1982-02-11
JPS5632595A (en) 1981-04-02
ES8106021A1 (en) 1981-07-16
KR840000654B1 (en) 1984-05-09
JPS616116B2 (en) 1986-02-24
CA1149371A (en) 1983-07-05
ATE2683T1 (en) 1986-03-15

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