EP0023229A1 - Device for heating the heavy oil load in tankers - Google Patents

Device for heating the heavy oil load in tankers Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0023229A1
EP0023229A1 EP19790102632 EP79102632A EP0023229A1 EP 0023229 A1 EP0023229 A1 EP 0023229A1 EP 19790102632 EP19790102632 EP 19790102632 EP 79102632 A EP79102632 A EP 79102632A EP 0023229 A1 EP0023229 A1 EP 0023229A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heating
heat exchanger
heavy oil
temperature
exhaust gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP19790102632
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Kurt Tonk
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Tonk Kurt
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to EP19790102632 priority Critical patent/EP0023229A1/en
Publication of EP0023229A1 publication Critical patent/EP0023229A1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63J—AUXILIARIES ON VESSELS
    • B63J2/00—Arrangements of ventilation, heating, cooling, or air-conditioning
    • B63J2/12—Heating; Cooling
    • B63J2/14—Heating; Cooling of liquid-freight-carrying tanks

Definitions

  • Heavy oil has a relatively high viscosity at the usual ambient temperatures. To load the tanker, the heavy oil is heated to 60 to 80 ° C so that it has a pumpable consistency. The oil temperature gradually drops as the tanker travels. It is therefore necessary to reheat the tank load in the destination port to a pumpable temperature before extinguishing can begin. This is done by external steam supply in a pipe system installed in the ship, which is in heat-exchanging connection with the oil tanks.
  • the heating-up time depends on the size of the tank load and its temperature. It extends over many hours and thereby increases the lay time of the ship and the port fees incurred considerably.
  • the object of the present invention is to carry out the heating of the tank load before extinguishing in a more cost-effective manner than before, and Shorten the lay time of the ship.
  • a heat exchanger is arranged in the exhaust pipe of the internal combustion engine for ship propulsion, through which the exhaust gas flows on the one hand and on the other hand is connected to the heating circuit installed in the ship for the oil tanks.
  • This offers the possibility of a constant supply of heat while driving, so that the otherwise occurring cooling losses can be compensated for or at least considerably reduced.
  • the exhaust gas temperature of ship engines is between 450 and 650 ° C, so that not only a high temperature gradient, but also a large energy potential is available. All that is needed is a pump that circulates the heating medium, preferably hot water or steam, in the heat exchanger through the heating circuit for the heavy oil tanks.
  • the amount of exhaust gas flowing through the heat exchanger can expediently be controlled by controlling it by means of a temperature controller which maintains the temperature in the heating circuit of the oil tanks at a specific desired value.
  • the heat exchanger can be arranged in a bypass of the exhaust line, so that more or less exhaust gas is passed through the heat exchanger through a control flap depending on the desired temperature conditions. If no heating is necessary, the exhaust gas flows past the heat exchanger.
  • the invention also offers the advantageous possibility of using the heat exchanger for heating the cabin or for heating domestic water.
  • separate circuits of the heat exchanger can be used, if necessary, which are independent of one another in their temperature control.
  • the drawing shows the arrangement of the heat exchanger in a tanker in a schematic representation.
  • the drive in the form of an internal combustion engine 1 is located in the partially sketched ship's hull.
  • a heat exchanger 3 Connected in parallel to the exhaust pipe 2 is a heat exchanger 3, the flow of which can be regulated by exhaust gas by means of a pivotable control flap 4.
  • this control flap 4 sits at the inlet opening of the exhaust gases into the heat exchanger, but it can also be arranged at the outlet cross section. Their function is to divert all or part of the exhaust gases into the heat exchanger.
  • a number of heat exchanger tubes 5 for the heating medium, for example water, are arranged within the heat exchanger 3.
  • the heat exchanger tubes 5 are with connected to the heating circuit for the heavy oil tanks 6, 7.
  • the heating circuit is indicated by the feed line 8 and the return line 9 in the drawing.
  • control flap 4 may be automatically pivoted into the position in which the exhaust gas can no longer flow into line 2 but flows through the heat exchanger 3 got to. There, a large part of its heat is given off to the heat exchanger tubes 5, in which the hot water for heating the heavy oil tanks 6, 7 etc. circulates.
  • a controller In the return line 9 of the hot water sits a controller combined with a temperature sensor, which acts on the control flap 4 in the sense of a predetermined temperature setpoint of the hot water.
  • the heat exchanger tubes 5 can be connected in series or in parallel, depending on the temperature requirements. It is also possible to connect some heat exchanger tubes to a separate circuit, which is used, for example, for heating domestic water or for heating the cabin.
  • the advantage of the invention is in summary that one can compensate for the cooling losses of the heavy oil charge by constant supply of heat while the tanker is traveling and that the heat energy required for this is extracted from the exhaust gases of the ship's propulsion engine.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

Heat is constantly supplied to the heavy-oil load during the voyage of the tanker so that the heating-up of the heavy oil required hitherto in port to pumpable temperatures and the prolonging of the turnround time caused by this are eliminated or are considerably reduced. The heavy oil is heated by a heat exchanger (3) which is attached to the heating circuit (8, 9) for the heavy-oil tanks (6, 7) and which is arranged in a bypass of the exhaust-gas line (2) and can be regulated by means of a temperature-controlled control flap (4) for a predetermined desired temperature in the heating circuit. <IMAGE>

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Schweröl weist bei den üblichen Umgebungstemperaturen eine relativ hohe Viskosität auf. Zum Beladen des Tankschiffes wird das Schweröl auf 60 bis 80°C erwärmt, damit es in pumpfähiger Konsistenz vorliegt. Während der Fahrt des Tankschiffes sinkt die Öltemperatur allmählich ab . Es ist daher notwendig, die Tankladung im Zielhafen wieder auf eine pumpfähige Temperatur aufzuheizen, ehe mit dem Löschen begonnen werden kann. Dies erfolgt durch externe Dampfzufuhr in ein im Schiff eingebautes Leitungssystem, das mit den Öltanks in wärmeaustauschender Verbindung steht.Heavy oil has a relatively high viscosity at the usual ambient temperatures. To load the tanker, the heavy oil is heated to 60 to 80 ° C so that it has a pumpable consistency. The oil temperature gradually drops as the tanker travels. It is therefore necessary to reheat the tank load in the destination port to a pumpable temperature before extinguishing can begin. This is done by external steam supply in a pipe system installed in the ship, which is in heat-exchanging connection with the oil tanks.

Die Aufheizzeit ist von der Größe der Tankladung und von ihrer Temperatur abhängig. Sie erstreckt sich über viele Stunden und erhöht dadurch die Liegezeit des Schiffes und die anfallenden Hafengebühren ganz erheblich.The heating-up time depends on the size of the tank load and its temperature. It extends over many hours and thereby increases the lay time of the ship and the port fees incurred considerably.

Beschreibung der ErfindungDescription of the invention

Von dem geschilderten Stand der Technik ausgehend, liegt der vorliegenden Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Aufheizung der Tankladung vor dem Löschen auf kostengünstigere Weise als bisher durchzuführen und die Liegezeit des Schiffes zu verkürzen.Starting from the described prior art, the object of the present invention is to carry out the heating of the tank load before extinguishing in a more cost-effective manner than before, and Shorten the lay time of the ship.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß in der Abgasleitung des Verbrennungsmotors für den Schiffsantrieb ein Wärmetauscher angeordnet ist, der einerseits vom Abgas durchströmt ist und der andererseits an den im Schiff installierten Heizungskreislauf für die Öltanks angeschlossen ist. Hierdurch bietet sich die Möglichkeit einer ständigen Wärmezufuhr während der Fahrt, so daß die sonst auftretenden Auskühlverluste kompensiert oder zumindest ganz erheblich verringert werden können. Weiterhin ergibt sich der Vorteil, daß für die Beheizung des Schweröls keinerlei Energiekosten anfallen, da sie durch die im Abgas enthaltene Restwärme erfolgt. Die Abgastemperatur von Schiffsmotoren liegt zwischen 450 und 650°C, so daß nicht nur ein hohes Temperaturgefälle, sondern auch ein großes Energiepotential zur Verfügung steht. Man benötigt lediglich eine Pumpe, die das im Wärmetauscher erwärmte Heizmittel, vorzugsweise Heißwasser oder Dampf, durch den Heizungskreislauf für die Schweröltanks umwälzt.This object is achieved in that a heat exchanger is arranged in the exhaust pipe of the internal combustion engine for ship propulsion, through which the exhaust gas flows on the one hand and on the other hand is connected to the heating circuit installed in the ship for the oil tanks. This offers the possibility of a constant supply of heat while driving, so that the otherwise occurring cooling losses can be compensated for or at least considerably reduced. Furthermore, there is the advantage that there are no energy costs for heating the heavy oil, since it is caused by the residual heat contained in the exhaust gas. The exhaust gas temperature of ship engines is between 450 and 650 ° C, so that not only a high temperature gradient, but also a large energy potential is available. All that is needed is a pump that circulates the heating medium, preferably hot water or steam, in the heat exchanger through the heating circuit for the heavy oil tanks.

Zweckmäßigerweise ist die durch den Wärmetauscher strömende Abgasmenge steuerbar, indem die Steuerung durch einen Temperaturregler erfolgt, der die Temperatur im Heizungskreislauf der Öltanks auf einem bestimmten Sollwert hält. Dabei kann der Wärmetauscher in einem Bypass der Abgasleitung angeordnet werden, so daß man durch eine Steuerklappe je nach den gewünschten Temperaturverhältnissen mehr oder weniger Abgas durch den Wärmetauscher hindurchläßt. Ist keine Beheizung notwendig, so strömt das Abgas am Wärmetauscher vorbei.The amount of exhaust gas flowing through the heat exchanger can expediently be controlled by controlling it by means of a temperature controller which maintains the temperature in the heating circuit of the oil tanks at a specific desired value. The heat exchanger can be arranged in a bypass of the exhaust line, so that more or less exhaust gas is passed through the heat exchanger through a control flap depending on the desired temperature conditions. If no heating is necessary, the exhaust gas flows past the heat exchanger.

Schließlich bietet die Erfindung noch die vorteilhafte Möglichkeit, den Wärmetauscher auch für die Kabinenbeheizung oder für die Brauchwassererwärmung zu verwenden. hierfür können gegebenenfalls separate Kreisläufe des Wärmetauschers herangezogen werden, die in ihrer Temperaturregelung voneinander unabhängig sind.Finally, the invention also offers the advantageous possibility of using the heat exchanger for heating the cabin or for heating domestic water. For this purpose, separate circuits of the heat exchanger can be used, if necessary, which are independent of one another in their temperature control.

Weitere Vorteile und Merkmale der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung eines Ausführungsbeispieles anhand einer Zeichnung.Further advantages and features of the invention result from the following description of an exemplary embodiment with reference to a drawing.

Zeichnungdrawing

Die Zeichnung zeigt die Anordnung des Wärmetauschers in einem Tankschiff in schematischer Darstellung.The drawing shows the arrangement of the heat exchanger in a tanker in a schematic representation.

in dem teilweise skizzierten Schiffsrumpf befindet sich der Antrieb in Form eines Verbrennungsmotores 1. Sein Abgas strömt über eine Auspuffleitung 2, die nicht weiter dargestellte Schalldämpfer durchläuft, ins Freie. Parallelgeschaltet zur Auspuffleitung 2 sitzt ein Warmetauscher 3, dessen Durchströmung mit Abgas mittels einer schwenkbaren Steuerklappe 4 geregelt werden kann. Diese Steuerklappe 4 sitzt in dem gezeichneten Ausführungsbeispiel an der Eintrittsöffnung der Abgase in den Wärmetauscher, sie kann jedoch ebenso am Austrittsquerschnitt angeordnet sein. Ihre Funktion besteht jeweils darin, die Auspuffgase ganz oder teilweise in den Wärmetauscher umzuleiten.The drive in the form of an internal combustion engine 1 is located in the partially sketched ship's hull. Connected in parallel to the exhaust pipe 2 is a heat exchanger 3, the flow of which can be regulated by exhaust gas by means of a pivotable control flap 4. In the exemplary embodiment shown, this control flap 4 sits at the inlet opening of the exhaust gases into the heat exchanger, but it can also be arranged at the outlet cross section. Their function is to divert all or part of the exhaust gases into the heat exchanger.

Innerhalb des Wärmetauschers 3 sind eine Reihe von Wärmetauscherrohren 5 für das Heizmedium, beispielsweise Wasser, angeordnet. Die Wärmetauscherrohre 5 sind mit dem heizungskreislauf für die Schweröltanks 6, 7 verbunden. Der Heizungskreislauf ist durch die Zuführleitung 8 und die Rückführleitung 9 in der Zeichnung angedeutet.A number of heat exchanger tubes 5 for the heating medium, for example water, are arranged within the heat exchanger 3. The heat exchanger tubes 5 are with connected to the heating circuit for the heavy oil tanks 6, 7. The heating circuit is indicated by the feed line 8 and the return line 9 in the drawing.

Die Funktion ist folgende: Sinkt die Temperatur der Schwerölladung in den Tanks unter einen vorgegebenen Minimalwert ab, so wird die Steuerklappe 4 gegebenenfalls automatisch in diejenige Stellung verschwenkt, bei der das Abgas nicht mehr weiter in die Leitung 2 strömen kann, sondern den Wärmetauscher 3 durchströmen muß. Dort gibt es einen Großteil seiner Wärme an die Wärmetauscherrohre 5 ab, in denen das Heißwasser für die Erwärmung der Schweröltanks 6, 7 usw. zirkuliert.The function is as follows: If the temperature of the heavy oil load in the tanks drops below a predetermined minimum value, the control flap 4 may be automatically pivoted into the position in which the exhaust gas can no longer flow into line 2 but flows through the heat exchanger 3 got to. There, a large part of its heat is given off to the heat exchanger tubes 5, in which the hot water for heating the heavy oil tanks 6, 7 etc. circulates.

In der Rücklaufleitung 9 des Heißwassers sitzt ein mit einem Temperaturfühler kombinierter Regler, der auf die Steuerklappe 4 im Sinne eines vorgegebenen Temperatursollwertes des Heißwassers einwirkt.In the return line 9 of the hot water sits a controller combined with a temperature sensor, which acts on the control flap 4 in the sense of a predetermined temperature setpoint of the hot water.

Die Wärmetauscherrohre 5 können je nach den Temperaturanforderungen in Reihe oder parallelgeschaltet sein. Auch besteht die Möglichkeit, einige Wärmetauscherohre an einen separaten Kreislauf anzuschließen, der beispielsweise zur Brauchwassererwärmung oder für die Kabinenheizung dient.The heat exchanger tubes 5 can be connected in series or in parallel, depending on the temperature requirements. It is also possible to connect some heat exchanger tubes to a separate circuit, which is used, for example, for heating domestic water or for heating the cabin.

Der Vorteil der Erfindung liegt zusammenfassend darin, daß man durch ständige Wärmezufuhr während der Fahrt des Tankschiffes die Auskühlverluste der-Schwerölladung kompensieren kann und daß die hierfür benötigte Wärmeenergie den Auspuffgasen des Schiffsantriebsmotores entzogen wird.The advantage of the invention is in summary that one can compensate for the cooling losses of the heavy oil charge by constant supply of heat while the tanker is traveling and that the heat energy required for this is extracted from the exhaust gases of the ship's propulsion engine.

Claims (7)

1. Vorrichtung zur Erwärmung der Schwerölladung auf Tankschiffen,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß in der Abgasleitung (2) des Verbrennungsmotors (1) für den Schiffsantrieb ein Wärmetauscher (3) angeordnet ist, der einerseits vom Abgas durchströmt ist und der andererseits an den im Schiff installierten heizungskreislauf (6, 9) für die Schweröltanks (6, 7) angeschlossen ist.1. device for heating the heavy oil load on tankers,
characterized,
that in the exhaust pipe (2) of the internal combustion engine (1) for the ship propulsion a heat exchanger (3) is arranged, through which the exhaust gas flows on the one hand and on the other hand to the heating circuit (6, 9) installed in the ship for the heavy oil tanks (6, 7 ) connected. 2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die den Wärmetauscher (3; durchströmende Abgasmenge steuerbar ist.2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the amount of exhaust gas flowing through the heat exchanger (3; is controllable. 3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Steuerung des den Wärmetauscher (3) durchströmenden Abgasanteiles durch einen Temperaturegler (10) erfolgt, der die Temperatur im Heizungskreislauf (8, 9) auf einem bestimmten Sollwert hält.3. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the control of the heat exchanger (3) flowing exhaust gas portion is carried out by a temperature controller (10) which keeps the temperature in the heating circuit (8, 9) at a certain setpoint. 4. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Wärmetauscher (3) in einem Bypass der Abgasleitung (2) sitzt.4. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heat exchanger (3) sits in a bypass of the exhaust pipe (2). 5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Bypass-Leitung durch eine mit dem Temperaturregler (10) verbundene Steuerklappe (4) mehr oder weniger verschließbar ist.5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the bypass line is more or less closable by a control flap (4) connected to the temperature controller (10). 6. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Wärmetauscher einen zusätzlichen Kreislauf für das Heizungssystem der Kabinenheizung aufweist.6. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heat exchanger has an additional circuit for the heating system of the cabin heating. 7. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Wärmetauscher einen zusätzlichen Kreislauf für die Brauchwassererwärmung aufweist.7. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heat exchanger has an additional circuit for domestic water heating.
EP19790102632 1979-07-25 1979-07-25 Device for heating the heavy oil load in tankers Ceased EP0023229A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19790102632 EP0023229A1 (en) 1979-07-25 1979-07-25 Device for heating the heavy oil load in tankers

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19790102632 EP0023229A1 (en) 1979-07-25 1979-07-25 Device for heating the heavy oil load in tankers

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EP0023229A1 true EP0023229A1 (en) 1981-02-04

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EP19790102632 Ceased EP0023229A1 (en) 1979-07-25 1979-07-25 Device for heating the heavy oil load in tankers

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997007018A1 (en) * 1995-08-15 1997-02-27 Erik Andersson Cargo heating system for tankers
WO2008096184A2 (en) * 2007-02-06 2008-08-14 Dimitrios Kostalas Motor systems for use with combustion engines
NL2010041C2 (en) * 2012-12-21 2014-06-24 Ship Innovation B V Inland waterway tanker for transportation of liquid product.

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE350790C (en) * 1921-03-19 1922-03-27 Carl Schmidt Ship air heating with exhaust gas recovery
DE405496C (en) * 1922-02-12 1924-11-01 Adolf Graumann Hot gas heating, especially for oil bunkers on ships
CH345555A (en) * 1955-10-19 1960-03-31 Winter Hans Heating system in a motor ship

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE350790C (en) * 1921-03-19 1922-03-27 Carl Schmidt Ship air heating with exhaust gas recovery
DE405496C (en) * 1922-02-12 1924-11-01 Adolf Graumann Hot gas heating, especially for oil bunkers on ships
CH345555A (en) * 1955-10-19 1960-03-31 Winter Hans Heating system in a motor ship

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997007018A1 (en) * 1995-08-15 1997-02-27 Erik Andersson Cargo heating system for tankers
WO2008096184A2 (en) * 2007-02-06 2008-08-14 Dimitrios Kostalas Motor systems for use with combustion engines
GR20070100072A (en) * 2007-02-06 2008-09-19 Δημητριος Κωσταλας Engine rooms employing internal combustion engines.
WO2008096184A3 (en) * 2007-02-06 2008-11-20 Dimitrios Kostalas Motor systems for use with combustion engines
NL2010041C2 (en) * 2012-12-21 2014-06-24 Ship Innovation B V Inland waterway tanker for transportation of liquid product.
EP2746148A1 (en) * 2012-12-21 2014-06-25 Ship Innovation B.V. Inland waterway tanker for transportation of liquid product

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