EP0021987A1 - Machine for driving underground galleries - Google Patents

Machine for driving underground galleries Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0021987A1
EP0021987A1 EP80400890A EP80400890A EP0021987A1 EP 0021987 A1 EP0021987 A1 EP 0021987A1 EP 80400890 A EP80400890 A EP 80400890A EP 80400890 A EP80400890 A EP 80400890A EP 0021987 A1 EP0021987 A1 EP 0021987A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
frame
roof
ground
advance
articulation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP80400890A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0021987B1 (en
Inventor
Paul Casanova
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Techniques Industrielles Et Minieres (societe Anonyme Francaise)
Original Assignee
Techniques Industrielles Et Minieres (societe Anonyme Francaise)
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Priority to AT80400890T priority Critical patent/ATE4135T1/en
Publication of EP0021987A1 publication Critical patent/EP0021987A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0021987B1 publication Critical patent/EP0021987B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
    • E21D9/1006—Making by using boring or cutting machines with rotary cutting tools
    • E21D9/1013—Making by using boring or cutting machines with rotary cutting tools on a tool-carrier supported by a movable boom
    • E21D9/102—Making by using boring or cutting machines with rotary cutting tools on a tool-carrier supported by a movable boom by a longitudinally extending boom being pivotable about a vertical and a transverse axis
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C27/00—Machines which completely free the mineral from the seam
    • E21C27/20—Mineral freed by means not involving slitting
    • E21C27/22—Mineral freed by means not involving slitting by rotary drills with breaking-down means, e.g. wedge-shaped drills, i.e. the rotary axis of the tool carrier being substantially perpendicular to the working face, e.g. MARIETTA-type
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C29/00—Propulsion of machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam
    • E21C29/22—Propulsion of machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam by wheels, endless tracks or the like
    • E21C29/24—Trucks carrying the machine while working
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
    • E21D9/1006—Making by using boring or cutting machines with rotary cutting tools
    • E21D9/1013—Making by using boring or cutting machines with rotary cutting tools on a tool-carrier supported by a movable boom
    • E21D9/102—Making by using boring or cutting machines with rotary cutting tools on a tool-carrier supported by a movable boom by a longitudinally extending boom being pivotable about a vertical and a transverse axis
    • E21D9/1026—Making by using boring or cutting machines with rotary cutting tools on a tool-carrier supported by a movable boom by a longitudinally extending boom being pivotable about a vertical and a transverse axis the tool-carrier being rotated about a transverse axis
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
    • E21D9/1093—Devices for supporting, advancing or orientating the machine or the tool-carrier

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a system for digging underground galleries, in particular mine galleries.
  • the digging of the underground galleries involves three distinct operations which, in a conventional manner, are carried out successively, namely the felling, the removal of the cuttings and the support.
  • slaughter was mechanized by the use of slaughter tools mounted on a chain or on a drum and associated with a frame capable of advancing continuously. It is also known to mechanize the removal of cuttings by mechanical scraper arms which drive them towards a conveyor belt.
  • the stability of the assembly against reaction forces exerted on the slaughtering tool is essentially ensured by the weight of the frame.
  • this frame is generally of moderate height and the tool is articulated on it at a relatively low point, so that the reaction forces tend to tilt the assembly.
  • the stability of the assembly is therefore precarious, and in particular means that the installed power must be limited.
  • there is only a small clearance between the ground and the machine so that it is difficult to introduce a member there independent of excavation of cuttings. This member is then incorporated into the machine and prevents any access to the cutting face.
  • the present invention aims to provide a digging system which allows the roof to be supported without interrupting the felling operation, which offers total stability, which makes it possible to significantly increase the power installed for felling, and which offers a large clearance above the ground to conveniently install an independent cuttings evacuation device, allowing easy access to the cutting face.
  • the system for digging underground galleries comprises a felling tool articulated on a frame, and mounted so as to be able to be moved along the height of the working face.
  • This frame is provided with support means on the ground and propulsion means to follow the advance of the felling, and the system is characterized in that the point of articulation of the felling tool is located in the upper half of the system in operating position.
  • This arrangement makes it possible to reserve a very large free space under the machine. This also results in a stroke of the felling tool such that the working face has a slope closer to that of the natural slope, which reduces the risk of landslides.
  • the point of articulation of the felling tool is located on a movable member relative to the frame and capable of being moved in a direction substantially parallel to the direction of advance.
  • the actual slaughter phase corres laying on the tool stroke, is preceded by a tool advance phase in the cutting face. Thanks to the aforementioned arrangement, this advance is effected not by an advance of the frame, but by the movable member, the frame remaining firmly in contact with the ground and the roof. Stability is thus better ensured during this phase.
  • the shaft carrying the felling tool is mounted on two bearings, one of which is movable vertically to give the tool an oblique stroke in a predetermined direction.
  • the frame is provided with at least one mobile support device on the roof of the gallery allowing the advance of the frame during the digging operation.
  • This arrangement has the double advantage of providing under the roof of the gallery a support advancing with the entire system as the felling, and, in cooperation with the support means on the ground, to achieve a real embedding of the system in the gallery, protecting it from any tilting.
  • each support device on the roof is articulated on the frame by means of two substantially rectangular axes of rotation, so as to accommodate misalignments of the roof.
  • each roof support device is advantageously connected to a jack.
  • each roof support device comprises a crawler train which bears against the roof.
  • Each tracked train comprises at least one track cooperating with a guide track connected to a frame by means of a double articulation with two substantially rectangular axes of oscillation, making it possible to compensate for the unevenness of the roof surface.
  • the ground support means comprise two caterpillar tracks arranged laterally.
  • the propulsion means comprise a linear displacement motor member, a fixed part of which is connected to the frame, and a movable part of which cooperates with a rack formed in the track supporting the ground, the stroke of this member corresponding to a step in the advance of the slaughter tool.
  • the crawler trains for supporting the ground preferably comprise each at least one track cooperating with a guide track connected to the frame by a double articulation with two axes. of substantially rectangular oscillations, to make up for unevenness in the ground.
  • one of the crawler tracks on the ground is connected to the frame by an articulation with a substantially horizontal axis and perpendicular to the direction of advance.
  • the frame comprises a flat spacer located at the level of the tracked support train on the ground and provided with liftable inclined planes to facilitate crossing.
  • the system is thus provided with an upper spacer and a lower spacer, which improves its rigidity.
  • the embodiment indicated does not obstruct access to the cutting face or the passage of excavation equipment.
  • the roof support device comprises at least one sliding member articulated on the frame provided with pads to cooperate with beams held applied to the roof by said member.
  • These beams act as a sliding path for the frame and at the same time support the roof immediately behind the cutting face.
  • the sliding molding then advantageously comprises retractable feet for bearing on the roof and releasing the beams in order to make them advance at each advance step of the digging.
  • the frame includes pads sliding to cooperate with support beams placed laterally on the ground.
  • the progression means comprise a linear displacement motor member of which a fixed part is connected to the frame, and of which a movable part is connected to a support beam.
  • the frame includes retractable feet for coming to bear on the ground and clearing the support beams, in order to make them advance at each advance step of digging.
  • the invention provides that the roof support devices are arranged obliquely to take support on the roof of such a gallery.
  • the slaughtering tool then comprises a truncated cone provided with tools mounted at the end of a shaft connected to the chassis by an articulation allowing angular displacements of the arm in two substantially perpendicular planes.
  • composition of these two displacements makes it possible to carry out the curvilinear displacements corresponding to the profile of the gallery.
  • the articulation of the arm on the frame is slidably mounted on a substantially horizontal crosspiece of the frame.
  • the digging system comprises a frame 1 composed of two lateral flanges 2, 3 connected together by shafts 4, 5 and each resting on a crawler train, respectively 6, 7.
  • the flange 2 is connected to the train 6 by means of two suspension devices 8 each composed, in a manner known per se, of two cylindrical grains stepped and perpendicular to each other, cooperating with complementary female bearing surfaces ( Figures 1 and 2), so as to provide two degrees of freedom between the flange 2 and the guide 9 of the tracks 11.
  • the flange 3 is connected to the train 7 in substantially the same way, but, in addition, a frame 12 which carries the suspension devices 8 is articulated on the flange 3 via a shaft 13 substantially horizontal ( Figures 2 and 3), so that the train 7 as a whole can oscillate in a plane vertical parallel to the direction of advance of the system. It is thus possible to obtain good simultaneous seating of the two trains 6 and 7, even if the ground has a left surface.
  • Two arms 14 are each articulated, on the one hand, on the shaft 4 by means of a yoke 15 and, on the other hand, on a member 16 of a crawler train 17 by means of a yoke 18.
  • Cylinders 19, whose body 21 takes a ball joint in the thickness of the flanges 2 and 3, and whose rod 22 also takes a ball joint in a cavity 23 of each arm 14, are arranged so as to push up the arms 14 to apply the trains 17 on the roof of the gallery.
  • Each of the trains 17 comprises a chassis 24 articulated on the frame 16 by pins 25 whose axis is substantially parallel to the direction of advance of the system.
  • Each of the chassis 24 carries two tracks 26 by means of suspension devices 8 with two rectangular oscillation axes (FIG. 4) and guides 27.
  • the tracks 26 are provided wide enough to cover a large part of the roof and provide effective support.
  • the shaft 5 which is located, like the shaft 4, in the upper half of the assembly, carries two rotary arms 28 which serve by bearing, by their other end, to the shaft 29 of a drum slaughter 31, and are joined by a cross member 32.
  • the drum 31 consists, in particular, of a helical sheet 33, fixed on a rotary sleeve 34 integral with the shaft 29, and which carries, on its edge, cutting tools 35 ( Figures 5 and 6).
  • the propeller has steps in opposite directions on each side of the drum so as, in cooperation with the direction of rotation of the drum, to bring the cuttings towards the median longitudinal plane of the system.
  • each arm 28 On each arm 28 is fixed a geared motor group 36 which, by means of a train with three pinions, 37, 38, 39, attacks the shaft 29.
  • the sheet metal 33 in helix is interrupted and replaced by a felling chain 41, also provided with cutting tools 35, and resting on a casing 42 enveloping the three pinions.
  • Two drive nuts 43, 44 are integral with the sleeve 34 and mesh with the chain 41.
  • Each arm 28 is connected by an articulation 45 to the rod of a jack 46 articulated on the other hand on a yoke 47 secured to the corresponding flange of the frame 1.
  • a jack 48 is articulated on one of the suspension devices 8, and its rod carries a fault 49 capable of coming to engage by gravity in notches 51 made each in a link of the track 11 ( Figure 7).
  • the actuation of the jack thus allows the progression of the system via the tracks.
  • the felling drum is brought into the upper position 31a (FIG. 1) by means of the jacks 46, and it is made to rotate by means of the geared motors groups 36.
  • the jacks 19 being actuated so as to apply the upper gears 17 to the roof, the entire system is brought forward by means of the jacks 48. During this advance, the drum 31 digs the ground and we stops the advance when it reaches 31b.
  • the cylinder 46 is retracted, which lowers the drum 31 which envelops the surface S shown in phantom, and stops the downward movement when the drum has reached ground level.
  • the tracks are applied exactly on the ground and on the roof, even in the event of a flatness or irregularity. Thanks to the articulation 13 of the frame 12, the lower tracks are, in fact, not subject to remaining in the same plane.
  • the articulated fixing of the top crawler trains around the pins 25, allows these trains to match the irregularities of the roof. Finally, the suspension devices 8 with two articulation axes allow each track to match small roughness independently.
  • the upper tracks widely applied on the roof provide sufficient temporary support which can be made final by a comfortable working team immediately behind the system and intervening as soon as a new advance has cleared an additional part of the roof.
  • the way in which the system is embedded between the ground and the roof makes it possible, without loss of stability, to place the shaft 5 in a relatively high position, so that the sweeping of the drum 31 leaves a front of size S relatively close to the natural slope, or at least looking generally upwards, which is an arrangement going against the collapses of the forehead.
  • the flanges 2 and 3 of the frame 1 are joined rigid ment by a flat spacer 52 located near the ground level ( Figures 8 and 9).
  • Articulated drawbridges 53 liftable by jacks (not shown), can rest on the ground to allow easy passage of personnel and loads.
  • a frame 101 consists of two lateral flanges 102, 103, interconnected by a shaft 104 and by a shaft 105, not shown, similar to the shaft 5 of the previous embodiment and playing the same role.
  • the flanges 102, 103 carry sliding shoes 161 provided to cooperate with profiled irons 162 arranged on the ground in the direction of advance of the system, to constitute support beams. Hooks 163 are provided to prevent derailments.
  • two retractable feet 164 controlled by jacks 165 allow the frame 101 to rest on the ground to relieve the profiles 162.
  • Two arms 114 are articulated by yokes 115 on the shaft 105 and each carry, by a yoke 118, at their other end, a sliding member 116.
  • the arms 114 are actuated by jacks 119, as in the previous embodiment, to allow apply the pads 117 upwards.
  • Each of the pads 117 carries two retractable feet 167 actuated by jacks to bear on the roof and allow the sections 166 to be relieved.
  • a jack 148 has its body articulated on the flange and its rod articulated on a yoke 149 fixed to the corresponding section 162. It is understood that the extension of the jack causes the sliding of the frame on the profiles 162.
  • slaughtering means are the same as in the previous embodiment and operate in the same way.
  • the actuator 148 is actuated to cause the frame to slide on the profiles 162, over a distance corresponding to a predetermined step of advance.
  • the retractable feet 164 and 167 are protruded so that the frame is supported on the ground and on the roof only by these feet, and the actuator is actuated in the other direction to bring the profiles 162.
  • the profiles 166 which constitute a movable support, and there is a fixed support behind them.
  • FIG. 13 takes up part of FIG. 1 in this other embodiment.
  • Two rotary arms 228 carrying a cutting drum 231 are articulated not on the flanges 202, 203 of the frame, but on movable members 268 themselves articulated on the flanges respectively. These organs can be moved in a vertical plane parallel to the direction of advance by respective jacks 269 fixed elsewhere to the flanges.
  • the arms 228 are actuated, as in the previous embodiment, by jacks 246.
  • the arms 228 and the drum 231 are moved forward at 228b and 231b to a position defining a new size S front 2.
  • the drum is then lowered to 231c to achieve the front S 2.
  • the drum is brought back to position 231.
  • this arrangement has the advantage of advancing the drum from 231a to 231b, while the system is stopped and, therefore, stable and firmly embedded in the gallery. A more regular soil is also produced by leveling off the hatched part A perfectly.
  • the shaft 305 carrying the arms 328 of the felling drum is mounted on two bearings, one of which, 371, is slidably mounted on the flange 302 of the frame, the other 372 being fixed.
  • the shaft 305 is fixed in rotation, but can pivot around a pin 373 located in bearing 372, so that the shaft can come to occupy an oblique position 305a.
  • the bearings 371 and 372 are bi-coniqui is to allow the expected angular movement.
  • two jacks 374 have their bodies fixed to the frame 302, while their rods 375 are applied to the bearing 372 ( Figure 15).
  • the shaft 305 comes into an oblique position 305a, which makes it possible to lift the felling drum also in the oblique position 331a, to dig an oblique roof.
  • This arrangement finds its advantage when one has to dig a gallery in a sloping deposit, the gallery progressing under a bench without cutting it. We can then, while giving the gallery a horizontal floor (or at least without slope), give it a roof consisting of the bench chosen most of the time for its mechanical qualities.
  • a frame 401 comprises two flanges 402, 403, mounted on crawler trains 406, 407 respectively, resting on the ground and similar to those of the preceding embodiments.
  • a shaft 404 bent in an inverted V is fixed by its respective ends in the flanges 402, 403, and carries on its inclined portions bearings 415 of arms 414 articulated on crawler trains 417, applied to the roof of the gallery.
  • crawler trains 417 are similar to trains 17 of the first embodiment described and their method of attachment to the system is similar.
  • An arm 483 provides a consolidation link between the arm 404 and the arm 481.
  • a horizontal transverse shaft 405 carries a slide 484 ( Figures 17, 20, 21). This slide is fixed to the rod 485 of a jack 486 whose body, parallel to the shaft 405, is fixed to the flange 403, allowing the slide to be moved along the shaft 405.
  • a yoke 487 is fixed to the slide 484 by means of two pivots 488 constituting a vertical axis of rotation.
  • This yoke carries a geared motor group 489 at the end of the shaft which is wedged a frustoconical felling tool 491.
  • a hydraulic motor 492 is fixed on the yoke 487 and actuates a pinion 493 which meshes with a toothed sector 494 secured to the slide 484.
  • a jack 495 has its body fixed to the arm 483 by means of a joint, and its rod 496 fixed, also by a joint, to a piece 497 for connection to the yoke 487.
  • the movements of the rod of this jack thus make it possible to rotate the slide 484 around the shaft 405. This movement is permitted in any axial position of the slide on the shaft, thanks to the articulated connections of the jack 495.
  • the yoke 487 is then made to rotate by means of the hydraulic motor 492 counterclockwise to bring it into position 491, starting the cutting face, according to F1. It is noted that, during this evolution, the tool does not work by its angular edge, but by its lateral surface.
  • This operation is repeated at different levels, such as 491e and 491f ( Figure 17), so as to cut the entire front, by operating the jack 489.
  • the transverse trees are placed at a fairly high level, normally in the upper half of the gallery, which frees up a large space for the evacuation of spoil.
  • the operations of cutting, supporting and removing the cuttings are carried out simultaneously and without interruption.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
  • Shovels (AREA)
  • Steroid Compounds (AREA)
  • Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

The system for digging subterranean galeries comprises a cutting tool articulated on a frame and mounted so as to be movable along the height of the mine face. This frame is provided with ground support means and with propulsion means for following the progress of the cutting, the articulation point of the cutting tool being situated in the upper half of the system in operating position. The articulation point of the cutting tool may be situated on a member movable with respect to the frame and movable in a direction substantially parallel to the direction of advance. The shaft bearing the cutting tool may be mounted on two bearings, one of which is movable vertically to give the tool an oblique path in a pre-determined direction.

Description

La présente invention concerne un systeme pour creuser des galeries souterraines, notamment des galeries de mines.The present invention relates to a system for digging underground galleries, in particular mine galleries.

Le creusement des galeries souterraines implique trois opérations distinctes qui, de façon classique, sont exécutées successivement, à savoir l'abattage, l'évacuation des déblais et le soutènement.The digging of the underground galleries involves three distinct operations which, in a conventional manner, are carried out successively, namely the felling, the removal of the cuttings and the support.

L'abattage a été mécanisé par l'emploi d'outils d'abattage montés sur chaîne ou sur tambour et associés à un bâti pouvant avancer de façon continue. Il est également connu de mécaniser l'évacuation des déblais par des bras râcleurs mécaniques qui les entraînent vers un transporteur à bande.The slaughter was mechanized by the use of slaughter tools mounted on a chain or on a drum and associated with a frame capable of advancing continuously. It is also known to mechanize the removal of cuttings by mechanical scraper arms which drive them towards a conveyor belt.

Toutefois, il est toujours nécessaire d'arrêter périodiquement cette progression continue du front de taille pour procéder à l'installation d'un soutènement sous la partie du toit qui vient d'être formé.However, it is always necessary to periodically stop this continuous progression of the working face in order to install a support under the part of the roof which has just been formed.

D'autre part, la stabilité de l'ensemble à rencontre-des efforts de réaction qui s'exercent sur l'outil d'abattage est essentiellement assurée par le poids du bâti. Or, ce bâti est en général de hauteur modérée et l'outil est articulé sur lui en un point relativement bas, de sorte que les efforts de réaction tendent à faire basculer l'ensemble. A moins de donner un poids important au bâti, ce qui est par ailleurs nuisible et coûteux, la stabilité de l'ensemble est donc précaire, et oblige notamment à limiter la puissance installée. En outre, il n'existe qu'un faible dégagement entre le sol et la machine de sorte qu'il est difficile d'y introduire un organe indépendant d'évacuation des déblais. Cet organe est alors incorporé à la machine et empêche tout accès au front de taille.On the other hand, the stability of the assembly against reaction forces exerted on the slaughtering tool is essentially ensured by the weight of the frame. However, this frame is generally of moderate height and the tool is articulated on it at a relatively low point, so that the reaction forces tend to tilt the assembly. Unless the frame is given significant weight, which is also harmful and costly, the stability of the assembly is therefore precarious, and in particular means that the installed power must be limited. In addition, there is only a small clearance between the ground and the machine so that it is difficult to introduce a member there independent of excavation of cuttings. This member is then incorporated into the machine and prevents any access to the cutting face.

La présente invention vise à réaliser un système de creusement qui permette d'assurer le soutènement du toit sans interrompre l'opération d'abattage, qui offre une stabilité totale, ce qui permet d'accroître notablement la puissance installée pour l'abattage, et qui offre un large dégagement au-dessus du sol pour installer commodément un organe indépendant d'évacuation des déblais, permettant un accès facile au front de taille.The present invention aims to provide a digging system which allows the roof to be supported without interrupting the felling operation, which offers total stability, which makes it possible to significantly increase the power installed for felling, and which offers a large clearance above the ground to conveniently install an independent cuttings evacuation device, allowing easy access to the cutting face.

Suivant l'invention, le système pour creuser des galeries souterraines comprend un outil d'abattage articulé sur un bâti, et monté de manière à pouvoir être déplacé suivant la hauteur du front de taille. Ce bâti est muni de moyens d'appui au sol et de moyens de propulsion pour suivre l'avance de l'abattage, et le système est caractérisé en ce que le point d'articulation de l'outil d'abattage est situé dans la moitié supérieure du système en position de fonctionnement.According to the invention, the system for digging underground galleries comprises a felling tool articulated on a frame, and mounted so as to be able to be moved along the height of the working face. This frame is provided with support means on the ground and propulsion means to follow the advance of the felling, and the system is characterized in that the point of articulation of the felling tool is located in the upper half of the system in operating position.

Cette disposition permet de réserver un espace libre très important sous la machine. Il en résulte en outre une course de l'outil d'abattage telle que le front de taille présente une pente plus proche de celle du talus naturel, ce qui réduit les risques d'éboulement.This arrangement makes it possible to reserve a very large free space under the machine. This also results in a stroke of the felling tool such that the working face has a slope closer to that of the natural slope, which reduces the risk of landslides.

Suivant un perfectionnement de l'invention, le point d'articulation de l'outil d'abattage est situé sur organe mobile par rapport au bâti et susceptible d'être déplacé dans une direction sensiblement parallèle à la direction d'avancement.According to an improvement of the invention, the point of articulation of the felling tool is located on a movable member relative to the frame and capable of being moved in a direction substantially parallel to the direction of advance.

La phase d'abattage proprement dite, correspondant à la course de l'outil, est précédée d'une phase d'avance de l'outil dans le front de taille. Grâce à la disposition précitée, cette avance s'effectue non par une avance du bâti, mais par l'organe mobile, le bâti restant solidement en appui au sol et au toit. La stabilité est ainsi mieux assurée pendant cette phase.The actual slaughter phase, corres laying on the tool stroke, is preceded by a tool advance phase in the cutting face. Thanks to the aforementioned arrangement, this advance is effected not by an advance of the frame, but by the movable member, the frame remaining firmly in contact with the ground and the roof. Stability is thus better ensured during this phase.

Suivant un autre perfectionnement de l'invention, l'arbre portant l'outil d'abattage est monté sur deux paliers dont l'un est mobile verticalement pour donner à l'outil une course oblique dans une direction prédéterminée.According to another improvement of the invention, the shaft carrying the felling tool is mounted on two bearings, one of which is movable vertically to give the tool an oblique stroke in a predetermined direction.

Quand, dans un gisement strafifié en pente, on creuse une galerie selon une direction sensiblement perpendiculaire à la ligne de plus grande pente des couches, il est intéressant, pour réduire les risques d'éboulement, de donner au toit de la galerie un devers correspondant à la pente des couches. Le perfectionnement précité permet de réaliser ce devers.When, in a sloping stratified deposit, a gallery is dug in a direction substantially perpendicular to the line of greatest slope of the layers, it is advantageous, to reduce the risk of landslides, to give the roof of the gallery a corresponding slope to the slope of the layers. The aforementioned improvement makes it possible to achieve this deviation.

Suivant une caractéristique avantageuse de l'invention, le bâti est muni d'au moins un dispositif d'appui mobile sur le toit de la galerie permettant l'avance du bâti au cours de l'opération de creusement.According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, the frame is provided with at least one mobile support device on the roof of the gallery allowing the advance of the frame during the digging operation.

Cette disposition présente le double avantage de ménager sous le toit de la galerie un soutènement avançant avec l'ensemble du système à mesure de l'abattage, et, en coopération avec les moyens d'appui au sol, de réaliser un véritable encastrement du système dans la galerie, le préservant de tout basculement.This arrangement has the double advantage of providing under the roof of the gallery a support advancing with the entire system as the felling, and, in cooperation with the support means on the ground, to achieve a real embedding of the system in the gallery, protecting it from any tilting.

De préférence, chaque dispositif d'appui sur le toit est articulé sur le bâti par l'intermédiaire de deux axes de rotation sensiblement rectangulaires, de manière à s'accommoder des défauts d'alignement du toit.Preferably, each support device on the roof is articulated on the frame by means of two substantially rectangular axes of rotation, so as to accommodate misalignments of the roof.

Pour assurer l'appui, chaque dispositif d'appui au toit est avantageusement relié à un vérin.To provide support, each roof support device is advantageously connected to a jack.

Suivant une première forme de réalisation de l'invention, chaque dispositif d'appui au toit comprend un train à chenilles qui s'appuie contre le toit.According to a first embodiment of the invention, each roof support device comprises a crawler train which bears against the roof.

Chaque train à chenilles comprend au moins une chenille coopérant avec un chemin de guidage relié à une membrure par l'intermédiaire d'une double articulation à deux axes d'oscillation, sensiblement rectangulaires, permettant de rattraper les inégalités de la surface du toit.Each tracked train comprises at least one track cooperating with a guide track connected to a frame by means of a double articulation with two substantially rectangular axes of oscillation, making it possible to compensate for the unevenness of the roof surface.

De façon analogue, les moyens d'appui au sol comprennent deux trains à chenilles disposés latéralement.Similarly, the ground support means comprise two caterpillar tracks arranged laterally.

Dans cette forme de réalisation, les moyens de propulsion comprennent un organe moteur à déplacement linéaire dont une partie fixe est reliée au bâti, et dont une partie mobile coopère avec une crémaillère ménagée dans la chenille d'appui au sol, la course de cet organe correspondant à une étape de l'avance de l'outil d'abattage.In this embodiment, the propulsion means comprise a linear displacement motor member, a fixed part of which is connected to the frame, and a movable part of which cooperates with a rack formed in the track supporting the ground, the stroke of this member corresponding to a step in the advance of the slaughter tool.

De la même façon que les trains à chenilles d'appui au toit, les trains à chenilles d'appui au sol comprennent, de préférence, chacun au moins une chenille coopérant avec un chemin de guidage relié au bâti par une double articulation à deux axes d'oscillations sensiblement rectangulaires, pour rattraper les inégalités du sol.In the same way as the caterpillar tracks for supporting the roof, the crawler trains for supporting the ground preferably comprise each at least one track cooperating with a guide track connected to the frame by a double articulation with two axes. of substantially rectangular oscillations, to make up for unevenness in the ground.

Suivant une réalisation préférée de l'invention, l'un des trains à chenilles d'appui au sol est relié au bâti par une articulation d'axe sensiblement horizontal et perpendiculaire à la direction d'avance.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, one of the crawler tracks on the ground is connected to the frame by an articulation with a substantially horizontal axis and perpendicular to the direction of advance.

Ce degré de liberté permet d'assurer l'application des deux chenilles au sol, même en cas de défaut de planéité générale de ce dernier.This degree of freedom makes it possible to ensure the application of the two tracks to the ground, even in the event of a lack of general flatness of the latter.

Suivant une réalisation perfectionnée de l'invention, le bâti comprend une entretoise plate située au niveau du train à chenilles d'appui au sol et munie de plans inclinés relevables pour en faciliter la traversée.According to an improved embodiment of the invention, the frame comprises a flat spacer located at the level of the tracked support train on the ground and provided with liftable inclined planes to facilitate crossing.

Le système est ainsi muni d'une entretoise supérieure et d'une entretoise inférieure, ce qui améliore sa rigidité. D'autre part, le mode de réalisation indiqué n'apporte pas d'entrave à l'accès au front de taille ni au passage d'engins d'évacuation des déblais.The system is thus provided with an upper spacer and a lower spacer, which improves its rigidity. On the other hand, the embodiment indicated does not obstruct access to the cutting face or the passage of excavation equipment.

Suivant une seconde forme de réalisation de l'invention, le dispositif d'appui au toit comprend au moins une membrure de glissement articulée sur le bâ- tiet munie de patins pour coopérer avec des poutres maintenues appliquées sur le toit par ladite membrure.According to a second embodiment of the invention, the roof support device comprises at least one sliding member articulated on the frame provided with pads to cooperate with beams held applied to the roof by said member.

Ces poutres jouent le rôle de chemin de glissement pour le bâti et assurent en même temps le soutènement du toit immédiatement en arrière du front de taille.These beams act as a sliding path for the frame and at the same time support the roof immediately behind the cutting face.

La menbrure de glissement comprend alors avantageusement des pieds escamotables pour prendre appui sur le toit et dégager les poutres en vue de les faire progresser à chaque pas d'avance du creusement.The sliding molding then advantageously comprises retractable feet for bearing on the roof and releasing the beams in order to make them advance at each advance step of the digging.

De façon analogue, le bâti comprend des patins de glissement pour coopérer avec des poutres-supports placées latéralement sur le sol.Similarly, the frame includes pads sliding to cooperate with support beams placed laterally on the ground.

Dans ce mode de réalisation, les moyens de progression comprennent un organe moteur à déplacement linéaire dont une partie fixe est reliée au bâti, et dont une partie mobile est reliée à une poutre-support.In this embodiment, the progression means comprise a linear displacement motor member of which a fixed part is connected to the frame, and of which a movable part is connected to a support beam.

De même que pour les poutres du toit, le bâti comprend des pieds escamotables pour venir en appui sur le sol et dégager les poutres-supports, en vue de les faire progresser à chaque pas d'avance du creusement.As with the roof beams, the frame includes retractable feet for coming to bear on the ground and clearing the support beams, in order to make them advance at each advance step of digging.

Pour le cas du creusement d'une galerie à section curviligne, l'invention prévoit que les dispositifs d'appui au toit sont disposés obliquement pour prendre apppui sur le toit d'une telle galerie.In the case of digging a gallery with curvilinear section, the invention provides that the roof support devices are arranged obliquely to take support on the roof of such a gallery.

L'outil d'abattage comprend alors un tronc de cône muni d'outils monté en bout d'un arbre relié au châssis par une articulation permettant des déplacements angulaires du bras dans deux plans sensiblement perpendiculaires.The slaughtering tool then comprises a truncated cone provided with tools mounted at the end of a shaft connected to the chassis by an articulation allowing angular displacements of the arm in two substantially perpendicular planes.

La composition de ces deux déplacements permet de réaliser les déplacements curvilignes correspondant au profil de la galerie.The composition of these two displacements makes it possible to carry out the curvilinear displacements corresponding to the profile of the gallery.

De préférence, l'articulation du bras sur le bâti est montée coulissante sur une traverse sensiblement horizontale du bâti.Preferably, the articulation of the arm on the frame is slidably mounted on a substantially horizontal crosspiece of the frame.

On peut ainsi utiliser un bras relativement court, tel que la trajectoire de l'outil présente une courbure accentuée, et compenser la courbure qui en résulte sur le front de taille par des opérations menées successivement en plaçant l'articulation du bras en des points différents de la traverse.It is thus possible to use a relatively short arm, such that the trajectory of the tool has an accentuated curvature, and to compensate for the curvature which results therefrom on the cutting face by operations carried out successively by placing the articulation of the arm. at different points on the sleeper.

D'autres particularités et avantages de l'invention ressortiront encore de la description détaillée qui va suivre.Other features and advantages of the invention will emerge from the detailed description which follows.

Aux dessins annexés, donnés à titre d'exemples non limitatifs :In the appended drawings, given by way of nonlimiting examples:

  • - la Figure 1 est une vue en coupe longitudinale d'un système conforme à l'invention dans une première forme de réalisation, suivant I-I de la Figure 2,FIG. 1 is a view in longitudinal section of a system according to the invention in a first embodiment, according to I-I of FIG. 2,
  • - la Figure 2 est une vue en coupe suivant II-II de la Figure 1,FIG. 2 is a sectional view along II-II of FIG. 1,
  • - la Figure 3 est une vue suivant III-III de la Figure 2,FIG. 3 is a view along III-III of FIG. 2,
  • - la Figure 4 est une vue en coupe suivant IV-IV de la Figure 1,FIG. 4 is a sectional view along IV-IV of FIG. 1,
  • - la Figure 5 est une vue suivant V-V de la Figure 1,FIG. 5 is a view along V-V of FIG. 1,
  • - la Figure 6 est une vue en coupe suivant VI-VI de la Figure 1,FIG. 6 is a sectional view along VI-VI of FIG. 1,
  • - la Figure 7 est une vue agrandie d'une partie de la Figure 1,FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of part of FIG. 1,
  • - la Figure 8 est une vue en coupe longitudinale partielle analogue à la Figure 1, dans une forme particulière de réalisation,FIG. 8 is a view in partial longitudinal section similar to FIG. 1, in a particular embodiment,
  • - la Figure 9 est une vue suivant IX-IX de la Figure 8,FIG. 9 is a view along IX-IX of FIG. 8,
  • - la Figure 10 est une vue transversale arrière du système dans une seconde forme de réalisation,FIG. 10 is a rear transverse view of the system in a second embodiment,
  • - la Figure 11 est une vue suivant XI-XI de la Figure 10,FIG. 11 is a view along XI-XI of FIG. 10,
  • - la Figure 12 est une vue en coupe suivant XII-XII de la Figure 10,FIG. 12 is a sectional view along XII-XII of FIG. 10,
  • - la Figure 13 est une vue en coupe longitudinale analogue à la Figure 1, dans une variante de réalisation,FIG. 13 is a view in longitudinal section similar to FIG. 1, in an alternative embodiment,
  • - la Figure 14 est une vue en coupe transversale du système dans une autre variante de réalisation,FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the system in another alternative embodiment,
  • - la Figure 15 est une vue en coupe suivant XV-XV des Figures 14 et 16,FIG. 15 is a sectional view along XV-XV of FIGS. 14 and 16,
  • - la Figure 16 est une vue en coupe suivant XVI-XVI de la Figure 15,FIG. 16 is a sectional view along XVI-XVI of FIG. 15,
  • - la Figure 17 est une vue en coupe longitudinale d'un système conforme à l'invention, dans une version destinée au creusement des galeries à section curviligne,FIG. 17 is a view in longitudinal section of a system according to the invention, in a version intended for digging galleries with a curvilinear section,
  • - la Figure 18 est une vue transversale arrière suivant XVIII-XVIII de la Figure 17,FIG. 18 is a rear transverse view along XVIII-XVIII of FIG. 17,
  • - la Figure 19 est une vue en coupe suivant XIX-XIX de la Figure 18,FIG. 19 is a sectional view along XIX-XIX of FIG. 18,
  • - la Figure 20 est une vue en coupe suivant XX-XX de la Figure 17,FIG. 20 is a sectional view along XX-XX of FIG. 17,
  • - la Figure 21 est une vue suivant XXI-XXI de la Figure 17.- Figure 21 is a view along XXI-XXI of Figure 17.

En référence aux Figures 1 à 7, le système de creusement comprend un bâti 1 composé de deux flasques _latéraux 2, 3 reliés entre eux par des arbres 4, 5 et reposant chacun sur un train à chenilles, respectivement 6, 7.With reference to FIGS. 1 to 7, the digging system comprises a frame 1 composed of two lateral flanges 2, 3 connected together by shafts 4, 5 and each resting on a crawler train, respectively 6, 7.

Le flasque 2 est relié au train 6 par l'intermédiaire de deux dispositifs de suspension 8 composés chacun, de façon connue en soi, de deux grains cylindriques étagés et perpendiculaires entre eux, coopérant avec des portées femelles complémentaires (Figures 1 et 2), de manière à procurer deux degrés de liberté entre le flasque 2 et le guidage 9 des chenilles 11.The flange 2 is connected to the train 6 by means of two suspension devices 8 each composed, in a manner known per se, of two cylindrical grains stepped and perpendicular to each other, cooperating with complementary female bearing surfaces (Figures 1 and 2), so as to provide two degrees of freedom between the flange 2 and the guide 9 of the tracks 11.

Le flasque 3 est relié au train 7 sensiblement de la même manière, mais, en outre, une membrure 12 qui porte les dispositifs de suspension 8 est articulée sur le flasque 3 par l'intermédiaire d'un arbre 13 sensiblement horizontal (Figures 2 et 3), de sorte que le train 7 dans son ensemble peut osciller dans un plan vertical parallèle à la direction d'avance du système. On peut ainsi obtenir une bonne assise simultanée des deux trains 6 et 7, même si le sol présente une surface gauche.The flange 3 is connected to the train 7 in substantially the same way, but, in addition, a frame 12 which carries the suspension devices 8 is articulated on the flange 3 via a shaft 13 substantially horizontal (Figures 2 and 3), so that the train 7 as a whole can oscillate in a plane vertical parallel to the direction of advance of the system. It is thus possible to obtain good simultaneous seating of the two trains 6 and 7, even if the ground has a left surface.

Deux bras 14 sont articulés chacun, d'une part, sur l'arbre 4 par l'intermédiaire d'une chape 15 et, d'autre part, sur une membrure 16 d'un train à chenilles 17 par l'intermédiaire d'une chape 18. Des vérins 19, dont le corps 21 prend un appui à rotule dans l'épaisseur des flasques 2 et 3, et dont la tige 22 prend un appui également à rotule dans une cavité 23 de chaque bras 14, sont disposés de manière à repousser vers le haut les bras 14 pour appliquer les trains 17 sur le toit de la galerie.Two arms 14 are each articulated, on the one hand, on the shaft 4 by means of a yoke 15 and, on the other hand, on a member 16 of a crawler train 17 by means of a yoke 18. Cylinders 19, whose body 21 takes a ball joint in the thickness of the flanges 2 and 3, and whose rod 22 also takes a ball joint in a cavity 23 of each arm 14, are arranged so as to push up the arms 14 to apply the trains 17 on the roof of the gallery.

Chacun des trains 17 comprend un châssis 24 articulé sur la membrure 16 par des tourillons 25 dont l'axe est sensiblement parallèle à la direction d'avance du système.Each of the trains 17 comprises a chassis 24 articulated on the frame 16 by pins 25 whose axis is substantially parallel to the direction of advance of the system.

Chacun des châssis 24 porte deux chenilles 26 par l'intermédiaire de dispositifs de suspension 8 à deux axes d'oscillation rectangulaires (Figure 4) et de guidages 27.Each of the chassis 24 carries two tracks 26 by means of suspension devices 8 with two rectangular oscillation axes (FIG. 4) and guides 27.

Les chenilles 26 sont prévues suffisamment larges pour recouvrir une partie importante du toit et en assurer un soutènement efficace.The tracks 26 are provided wide enough to cover a large part of the roof and provide effective support.

L'arbre 5, qui est situé, comme l'arbre 4, dans la moitié supérieure de l'ensemble, porte deux bras rotatifs 28 qui servent de portée, par leur autre extrémité, à l'arbre 29 d'un tambour d'abattage 31, et sont réunis par une traverse 32.The shaft 5, which is located, like the shaft 4, in the upper half of the assembly, carries two rotary arms 28 which serve by bearing, by their other end, to the shaft 29 of a drum slaughter 31, and are joined by a cross member 32.

Le tambour 31 se compose, notamment, d'une tôle hélicoïdale 33, fixée sur un manchon rotatif 34 solidaire de l'arbre 29, et qui porte, sur sa bordure, des outils de coupe 35 (Figures 5 et 6). L'hélice présente, de chaque côté du tambour, des pas en sens contraire de manière, en coopération avec le sens de rotation du tambour, à ramener les déblais vers le plan longitudinal médian du système.The drum 31 consists, in particular, of a helical sheet 33, fixed on a rotary sleeve 34 integral with the shaft 29, and which carries, on its edge, cutting tools 35 (Figures 5 and 6). The propeller has steps in opposite directions on each side of the drum so as, in cooperation with the direction of rotation of the drum, to bring the cuttings towards the median longitudinal plane of the system.

Sur chaque bras 28 est fixé un groupe moto- réducteur 36 qui, par l'intermédiaire d'un train à trois pignons, 37, 38, 39, attaque l'arbre 29. Au droit de chaque train d'engrenage, la tôle 33 en hélice est interrompue et remplacée par une chaîne d'abattage 41, également munie d'outils de coupe 35, et reposant sur un carter 42 enveloppant les trois pignons. Deux noix d'entrainement 43, 44 sont solidaires du manchon 34 et engrènent avec la chaîne 41.On each arm 28 is fixed a geared motor group 36 which, by means of a train with three pinions, 37, 38, 39, attacks the shaft 29. To the right of each gear train, the sheet metal 33 in helix is interrupted and replaced by a felling chain 41, also provided with cutting tools 35, and resting on a casing 42 enveloping the three pinions. Two drive nuts 43, 44 are integral with the sleeve 34 and mesh with the chain 41.

Chaque bras 28 est relié par une articulation 45 à la tige d'un vérin 46 articulé d'autre part sur une chape 47 solidaire du flasque correspondant du bâti 1.Each arm 28 is connected by an articulation 45 to the rod of a jack 46 articulated on the other hand on a yoke 47 secured to the corresponding flange of the frame 1.

Dans chacun des trains à chenille 6 et 7 d'appui au sol, un vérin 48 est articulé sur l'un des dispositifs de suspension 8, et sa tige porte une panne 49 susceptible de venir s'engager par gravité dans des encoches 51 pratiquées chacune dans un maillon de la chenille 11 (Figure 7). La manoeuvre du vérin permet ainsi la progression du système par l'intermédiaire des chenilles.In each of the crawler undercarriages 6 and 7 on the ground, a jack 48 is articulated on one of the suspension devices 8, and its rod carries a fault 49 capable of coming to engage by gravity in notches 51 made each in a link of the track 11 (Figure 7). The actuation of the jack thus allows the progression of the system via the tracks.

Pour faire fonctionner le système ainsi décrit, on amène le tambour d'abattage dans la position supérieure 31a (Figure 1) au moyen des vérins 46, et on le fait tourner au moyen des groupes moto-réducteurs 36.To operate the system thus described, the felling drum is brought into the upper position 31a (FIG. 1) by means of the jacks 46, and it is made to rotate by means of the geared motors groups 36.

Ensuite, les vérins 19 étant actionnés de manière à appliquer sur le toit les trains supérieurs 17, on provoque l'avance de l'ensemble du système au moyen des vérins 48. Pendant cette avance, le tambour 31 creuse le terrain et l'on arrête l'avance quand il est parvenu en 31b.Then, the jacks 19 being actuated so as to apply the upper gears 17 to the roof, the entire system is brought forward by means of the jacks 48. During this advance, the drum 31 digs the ground and we stops the advance when it reaches 31b.

Une fois l'avance effectuée, on rétracte le vérin 46, ce qui fait descendre le tambour 31 qui enveloppe la surface S figurée en trait mixte, et l'on arrête le mouvement de descente quand le tambour a atteint le niveau du sol.Once the advance has been made, the cylinder 46 is retracted, which lowers the drum 31 which envelops the surface S shown in phantom, and stops the downward movement when the drum has reached ground level.

Ensuite, on remonte le tambour jusqu'au toit, c'est-à-dire dans la position 31b, et l'on provoque une nouvelle avance de l'ensemble.Then, the drum is raised to the roof, that is to say in position 31b, and a new advance of the assembly is caused.

Pendant cette avance, les chenilles s'appliquent exactement sur le sol' et sur le toit, même en cas de défaut de planéité ou d'irrégularités. Grâce à l'articulation 13 de la membrure 12, les chenilles inférieures ne sont, en effet, pas assujetties à rester dans un même plan. En outre, la fixation articulée des trains à chenille supérieurs autour des tourillons 25, permet à ces trains d'épouser les irrégularités du toit. Enfin, les dispositifs de suspension 8 à deux axes d'articulation permettent à chaque chenille d'épouser indépendamment les petites rugosités.During this advance, the tracks are applied exactly on the ground and on the roof, even in the event of a flatness or irregularity. Thanks to the articulation 13 of the frame 12, the lower tracks are, in fact, not subject to remaining in the same plane. In addition, the articulated fixing of the top crawler trains around the pins 25, allows these trains to match the irregularities of the roof. Finally, the suspension devices 8 with two articulation axes allow each track to match small roughness independently.

Pendant toutes ces opérations, les chenilles supérieures largement appliquées sur le toit procurent un soutènement provisoire suffisant qui peut être rendu définitif par une équipe_travaillant à l'aise immédiatement derrière le système et intervenant dès qu'une nouvelle avance a dégagé une partie supplémentaire du toit.During all these operations, the upper tracks widely applied on the roof provide sufficient temporary support which can be made final by a comfortable working team immediately behind the system and intervening as soon as a new advance has cleared an additional part of the roof.

En outre, la façon dont le système est encastré entre le sol et le toit permet, sans perte de stabilité, de placer l'arbre 5 dans une position relativement haute, de sorte que le balayage du tambour 31 laisse un front de taille S relativement proche du talus naturel, ou au moins regardant généralement vers le haut, ce qui est une disposition allant à l'encontre des éboulements du front.In addition, the way in which the system is embedded between the ground and the roof makes it possible, without loss of stability, to place the shaft 5 in a relatively high position, so that the sweeping of the drum 31 leaves a front of size S relatively close to the natural slope, or at least looking generally upwards, which is an arrangement going against the collapses of the forehead.

Enfin, cette position surélevée de l'arbre 5, ainsi que de l'arbre 4, dégage un large passage (Figure 2) pour tout engin d'évacuation des déblais.Finally, this raised position of the shaft 5, as well as of the shaft 4, gives off a large passage (Figure 2) for any excavation device.

Suivant une variante de réalisation de l'invention, les flasques 2 et 3 du bâti 1 sont réunis rigidement par une entretoise 52 plate et située au voisinage du niveau du sol (Figures 8 et 9). Des pont-levis articulés 53, relevables par des vérins (non représentés), peuvent reposer sur le sol pour permettre un passage facile du personnel et des charges.According to an alternative embodiment of the invention, the flanges 2 and 3 of the frame 1 are joined rigid ment by a flat spacer 52 located near the ground level (Figures 8 and 9). Articulated drawbridges 53, liftable by jacks (not shown), can rest on the ground to allow easy passage of personnel and loads.

Cette disposition offre une meilleure rigidité transversale de l'ensemble du bâti. Sauf construction spéciale, elle n'est pas compatible avec la réalisation de la membrure articulée 12 pour le train 7.This arrangement provides better transverse rigidity of the entire frame. Except for special construction, it is not compatible with the production of the articulated member 12 for the train 7.

On va maintenant décrire, en référence aux Figures 10 à 12, une seconde forme de réalisation de l'invention.We will now describe, with reference to Figures 10 to 12, a second embodiment of the invention.

Dans cette réalisation, un bâti 101 se compose de deux flasques latéraux 102, 103, reliés entre eux par un arbre 104 et par un arbre 105, non représenté, analogue à l'arbre 5 de la réalisation précédente et jouant le même rôle.In this embodiment, a frame 101 consists of two lateral flanges 102, 103, interconnected by a shaft 104 and by a shaft 105, not shown, similar to the shaft 5 of the previous embodiment and playing the same role.

A leur partie inférieure, les flasques 102, 103 portent des patins de glissement 161 prévus pour coopérer avec des fers profilés 162 disposés sur le sol dans le sens de l'avance du système, pour constituer des poutres-supports. Des crochets 163 sont prévus pour éviter les déraillements. Sur chaque flasque, deux pieds escamotables 164 commandés par des vérins 165 permettent de faire reposer le bâti 101 sur le sol pour soulager les profilés 162.At their lower part, the flanges 102, 103 carry sliding shoes 161 provided to cooperate with profiled irons 162 arranged on the ground in the direction of advance of the system, to constitute support beams. Hooks 163 are provided to prevent derailments. On each flange, two retractable feet 164 controlled by jacks 165 allow the frame 101 to rest on the ground to relieve the profiles 162.

Deux bras 114 sont articulés par des chapes 115 sur l'arbre 105 et portent chacun, par une chape 118, à leur autre extrémité, une membrure de glissement 116. Sur chaque membrure, sont articulés par des tourillons 125, des doubles patins de glissement 117 qui coopèrent avec des profilés 166, en les maintenant appliqués sur le toit de la galerie.Two arms 114 are articulated by yokes 115 on the shaft 105 and each carry, by a yoke 118, at their other end, a sliding member 116. On each member, are articulated by pins 125, double sliding shoes 117 which cooperate with profiles 166, keeping them applied to the roof of the gallery.

Les bras 114 sont actionnés par des vérins 119, comme dans la réalisation précédente, pour permettre d'appliquer vers le haut les patins 117.The arms 114 are actuated by jacks 119, as in the previous embodiment, to allow apply the pads 117 upwards.

Chacun des patins 117 porte deux pieds rétractables 167 actionnés par des vérins pour prendre appui sur le toit et permettre de soulager les profilés 166.Each of the pads 117 carries two retractable feet 167 actuated by jacks to bear on the roof and allow the sections 166 to be relieved.

A la partie inférieure de chacun des flasques 102, 103, un vérin 148 a son corps articulé sur le flasque et sa tige articulée sur une chape 149 fixée au profilé 162 correspondant. On comprend que l'extension du vérin provoque le glissement du bâti sur les profilés 162.At the lower part of each of the flanges 102, 103, a jack 148 has its body articulated on the flange and its rod articulated on a yoke 149 fixed to the corresponding section 162. It is understood that the extension of the jack causes the sliding of the frame on the profiles 162.

Les moyens d'abattage sont les mêmes que dans la réalisation précédente et fonctionnent de la même manière.The slaughtering means are the same as in the previous embodiment and operate in the same way.

Pour faire avancer le bâti, on actionne le vérin 148 pour faire riper le bâti sur les profilés 162, sur une distance correspondant à une étape prédéterminée de l'avance.To advance the frame, the actuator 148 is actuated to cause the frame to slide on the profiles 162, over a distance corresponding to a predetermined step of advance.

Ensuite, on fait saillir les pieds rétractables 164 et 167 pour que le bâti ne prenne appui sur le sol et sur le toit que par ces pieds, et l'on actionne le vérin dans l'autre sens pour ramener les profilés 162. On fait également avancer les profilés 166 qui constituent un soutènement mobile, et l'on dispose un soutènement fixe derrière eux.Then, the retractable feet 164 and 167 are protruded so that the frame is supported on the ground and on the roof only by these feet, and the actuator is actuated in the other direction to bring the profiles 162. We do also advance the profiles 166 which constitute a movable support, and there is a fixed support behind them.

Le système étant toujours solidement encastré dans la galerie par le serrage des vérins 119, on effectue la manoeuvre d'abattage, puis on reprend la manoeuvre de glissement.The system being still firmly embedded in the gallery by the tightening of the jacks 119, the felling maneuver is carried out, then the sliding maneuver is resumed.

On va maintenant décrire un perfectionnement important de l'invention, en référence à la figure 13, qui reprend une partie de la figure 1 dans cette autre réalisation.We will now describe an important improvement of the invention, with reference to FIG. 13, which takes up part of FIG. 1 in this other embodiment.

Deux bras rotatifs 228 portant un tambour de coupe 231 sont articulés non sur les flasques 202, 203 du bâti, mais sur des organes mobiles 268 eux-mêmes articulés sur les flasques respectivement. Ces organes peuvent être mus dans un plan'vertical parallèle à la direction d'avance par des vérins respectifs 269 fixés par ailleurs aux flasques.Two rotary arms 228 carrying a cutting drum 231 are articulated not on the flanges 202, 203 of the frame, but on movable members 268 themselves articulated on the flanges respectively. These organs can be moved in a vertical plane parallel to the direction of advance by respective jacks 269 fixed elsewhere to the flanges.

Les bras 228 sont actionnés, comme dans la réalisation précédente, par des vérins 246.The arms 228 are actuated, as in the previous embodiment, by jacks 246.

La galerie présentant un front de taille S 1 et le système ayant été amené dans la position de la Figure 13, c'est-à-dire le vérin 269 rétracté pour ramener en arrière les bras 228 et le tambour 231, on élève ce tambour en 231a par manoeuvre des vérins 246.The gallery having a front of size S 1 and the system having been brought into the position of Figure 13, that is to say the jack 269 retracted to bring back the arms 228 and the drum 231, this drum is raised in 231a by actuating the jacks 246.

Puis,en étendant les vérins 269, on déplace vers l'avant les bras 228 et le tambour 231 en 228b et 231b jusqu'à une position définissant un nouveau front de taille S 2. On abaisse ensuite le tambour jusqu'en 231c pour réaliser le front S 2. Enfin, en rétractant les vérins 269, on ramène le tambour à la position 231.Then, by extending the jacks 269, the arms 228 and the drum 231 are moved forward at 228b and 231b to a position defining a new size S front 2. The drum is then lowered to 231c to achieve the front S 2. Finally, by retracting the jacks 269, the drum is brought back to position 231.

Par rapport à la réalisation précédente, cette disposition présente l'avantage de faire avancer le.- tambour de 231a en 231b, alors que le système est à l'arrêt et, par conséquent, stable et solidement encastré dans la galerie. On réalise également un sol plus régulier en arasant parfaitement la partie hachurée A.Compared to the previous embodiment, this arrangement has the advantage of advancing the drum from 231a to 231b, while the system is stopped and, therefore, stable and firmly embedded in the gallery. A more regular soil is also produced by leveling off the hatched part A perfectly.

Une fois le cycle précité réalisé, on avance le système en maintenant les vérins 269 rétractés, jusqu'à ce que le tambour vienne en 231c, et l'on reprend les mêmes manoeuvres que plus haut.Once the aforementioned cycle has been completed, the system is advanced by keeping the jacks 269 retracted, until the drum comes to 231c, and the same maneuvers are repeated as above.

On va maintenant décrire, en référence aux Figures 14 à 16, un autre perfectionnement de l'invention.We will now describe, with reference to Figures 14 to 16, another improvement of the invention.

Suivant ce perfectionnement, l'arbre 305 portant les bras 328 du tambour d'abattage est monté sur deux paliers dont l'un, 371, est monté coulissant sur le flasque 302 du bâti, l'autre 372 étant fixe. L'arbre 305 est fixe en rotation, mais peut pivoter autour d'un tourillon 373 situé dans le palier 372, de manière que l'arbre puisse venir occuper une position oblique 305a. A cette fin, les paliers 371 et 372 sont bi-coniquiis pour permettre le débattement angulaire prévu.According to this improvement, the shaft 305 carrying the arms 328 of the felling drum is mounted on two bearings, one of which, 371, is slidably mounted on the flange 302 of the frame, the other 372 being fixed. The shaft 305 is fixed in rotation, but can pivot around a pin 373 located in bearing 372, so that the shaft can come to occupy an oblique position 305a. To this end, the bearings 371 and 372 are bi-coniqui is to allow the expected angular movement.

Pour réaliser cette manoeuvre, deux vérins 374 ont leur corps fixé au bâti 302, tandis que leurs tiges 375 sont appliquées sur le palier 372 (Figure 15). En amenant le palier 372 dans la position basse 372a, l'arbre 305 vient en position oblique 305a, ce qui permet de lever le tambour d'abattage également dans la position oblique 331a, pour creuser un toit oblique.To carry out this maneuver, two jacks 374 have their bodies fixed to the frame 302, while their rods 375 are applied to the bearing 372 (Figure 15). By bringing the bearing 372 into the low position 372a, the shaft 305 comes into an oblique position 305a, which makes it possible to lift the felling drum also in the oblique position 331a, to dig an oblique roof.

Cette disposition trouve son avantage lorsque l'on a à creuser une galerie dans un gisement en pente, la galerie progressant sous un banc sans l'entailler. On peut alors, tout en donnant à la galerie un sol horizontal (ou tout au moins sans dévers), lui donner un toit constitué par le banc choisi la plupart du temps pour ses qualités mécaniques.This arrangement finds its advantage when one has to dig a gallery in a sloping deposit, the gallery progressing under a bench without cutting it. We can then, while giving the gallery a horizontal floor (or at least without slope), give it a roof consisting of the bench chosen most of the time for its mechanical qualities.

On va maintenant décrire, en référence aux Figures 17 à 21,_une autre forme de réalisation de l'invention destinée au creusement des galeries à section curviligne.We will now describe, with reference to FIGS. 17 to 21, another embodiment of the invention intended for the digging of galleries with a curvilinear section.

Un bâti 401 comprend deux flasques 402, 403, montés sur des trains à chenille 406, 407 respectivement, reposant sur le sol et analogues à ceux des réalisations précédentes.A frame 401 comprises two flanges 402, 403, mounted on crawler trains 406, 407 respectively, resting on the ground and similar to those of the preceding embodiments.

Un arbre 404 coudé en V renversé est fixé par ses extrémités respectives dans les flasques 402, 403, et porte sur ses parties inclinées des paliers 415 de bras 414 articulés sur des trains à chenille 417, appliqués sur le toit de la galerie. Ces trains sont analogues aux trains 17 de la première réalisation décrite et leur mode de fixation au système est similaire.A shaft 404 bent in an inverted V is fixed by its respective ends in the flanges 402, 403, and carries on its inclined portions bearings 415 of arms 414 articulated on crawler trains 417, applied to the roof of the gallery. These trains are similar to trains 17 of the first embodiment described and their method of attachment to the system is similar.

Sur un arbre transversal 481 reliant les deux flasques est fixé un support 482 sur lequel prennent appui deux vérins 419 dont les tiges 422 prennent appui sur les bras 414 pour forcer les trains à chenilles 417 en appui sur le toit de la galerie.On a transverse shaft 481 connecting the two flanges is fixed a support 482 on which two cylinders 419 bear, the rods 422 of which bear on the arms 414 to force the crawler trains 417 to bear on the roof of the gallery.

Un bras 483 réalise une liaison de consolidation entre le bras 404 et le bras 481.An arm 483 provides a consolidation link between the arm 404 and the arm 481.

A l'avant du bâti, un arbre transversal 405 horizontal porte une glissière 484 (Figures 17, 20, 21). Cette glissière est fixée à la tige 485 d'un vérin 486 dont le corps, parallèle à l'arbre 405, est fixé au flasque 403, permettant à la glissière d'être déplacée le long de l'arbre 405.At the front of the frame, a horizontal transverse shaft 405 carries a slide 484 (Figures 17, 20, 21). This slide is fixed to the rod 485 of a jack 486 whose body, parallel to the shaft 405, is fixed to the flange 403, allowing the slide to be moved along the shaft 405.

Une chape 487 est fixée à la glissière 484 par l'intermédiaire de deux pivots 488 constituant un axe de rotation vertical. Cette chape porte un groupe moto- réducteur 489 en bout d'arbre duquel est calé un outil d'abattage tronconique 491.A yoke 487 is fixed to the slide 484 by means of two pivots 488 constituting a vertical axis of rotation. This yoke carries a geared motor group 489 at the end of the shaft which is wedged a frustoconical felling tool 491.

Un moteur hydraulique 492 est fixé sur la chape 487 et actionne un pignon 493 qui engrène avec un secteur denté 494 solidaire de la glissière 484.A hydraulic motor 492 is fixed on the yoke 487 and actuates a pinion 493 which meshes with a toothed sector 494 secured to the slide 484.

Enfin, un vérin 495 a son corps fixé au bras 483 par l'intermédiaire d'une articulation, et sa tige 496 fixée, également par une articulation, à une pièce 497 de raccordement à la chape 487. Les mouvements de la tige de ce vérin permettent ainsi de faire tourner la glissière 484 autour de l'arbre 405. Ce mouvement est permis en toute position axiale de la glissière sur l'arbre, grâce aux liaisons articulées du vérin 495.Finally, a jack 495 has its body fixed to the arm 483 by means of a joint, and its rod 496 fixed, also by a joint, to a piece 497 for connection to the yoke 487. The movements of the rod of this jack thus make it possible to rotate the slide 484 around the shaft 405. This movement is permitted in any axial position of the slide on the shaft, thanks to the articulated connections of the jack 495.

En fonctionnement, l'avance du système et son encastrement solide entre le sol et le toit s'effectuent sensiblement de la même façon que ce qui a été décrit plus haut.In operation, the advance of the system and its solid embedding between the ground and the roof is effected substantially in the same way as that which has been described above.

Pour entamer une nouvelle étape d'abattage, on procède de la façon suivante :

  • Le front à entailler se présentant suivant F (Figure 21), on place la glissière 484 a l'extrémité gauche de l'arbre 405, la chape 487 portant l'outil 491 étant orientée vers la droite (suivant 487a, 491a).
To start a new slaughter stage, we proceed as follows:
  • The forehead to be cut presenting itself according to F (Figure 21), the slide 484 is placed at the left end of the shaft 405, the yoke 487 carrying the tool 491 being oriented to the right (along 487a, 491a).

L'outil étant en rotation sous l'effet du moto- réducteur 489, on fait alors tourner la chape 487 grâce au moteur hydraulique 492 dans le sens anti-horaire pour l'amener dans la position 491, en entamant le front de taille, suivant F1. On remarque que, pendant cette évolution, l'outil ne travaille pas par son arête angulaire, mais par sa surface latérale.The tool being in rotation under the effect of the geared motor 489, the yoke 487 is then made to rotate by means of the hydraulic motor 492 counterclockwise to bring it into position 491, starting the cutting face, according to F1. It is noted that, during this evolution, the tool does not work by its angular edge, but by its lateral surface.

On déplace ensuite la glissière vers la droite en maintenant la chape 487 parallèle à la direction d'avance, l'outil occupant successivement les positions 491b et 491c. Puis, la glissière étant à fin de course à droite, on fait tourner la chape 487 dans le sens horaire, pour amener l'outil dans sa position finale 491d. On a ainsi réalisé une taille suivant F2. La combinaison des lignes F1 et F2 donne le nouveau front de taille obtenu.The slide is then moved to the right while keeping the yoke 487 parallel to the direction of advance, the tool successively occupying positions 491b and 491c. Then, the slide being at the end of its travel to the right, the yoke 487 is rotated clockwise, to bring the tool to its final position 491d. A size according to F2 was thus produced. The combination of lines F1 and F2 gives the new size front obtained.

On recommence cette opération à différents niveaux, tels que 491e et 491f (Figure 17), de manière à tailler tout le front, en manoeuvrant le vérin 489.This operation is repeated at different levels, such as 491e and 491f (Figure 17), so as to cut the entire front, by operating the jack 489.

Enfin, on peut avantageusement donner à la chape 487 un mouvement circulaire enveloppant un cône pour parachever la forme circulaire de la galerie.Finally, it is advantageous to give the yoke 487 a circular movement enveloping a cone to complete the circular shape of the gallery.

Ensuite, on fait avancer l'ensemble du système d'une distance égale à la profondeur de la taille qui vient d'être pratiquée.Then, the whole system is advanced by a distance equal to the depth of the size which has just been practiced.

Dans cette réalisation, comme dans la précédente, les arbres transversaux sont placés à un niveau assez élevé, normalement dans la moitié supérieure de la galerie, ce qui dégage un large espace pour l'évacuation des déblais.In this embodiment, as in the previous one, the transverse trees are placed at a fairly high level, normally in the upper half of the gallery, which frees up a large space for the evacuation of spoil.

L'un des avantages de ce système tient au fa-it que, lors de l'entame d'un nouveau front, l'outil ne travaille pratiquement jamais par son arête seule, ce qui aurait pour effet de détériorer les éléments de coupe, mais par l'ensemble de sa surface latérale.One of the advantages of this system is that, when starting a new front, the tool does not hardly ever works by its edge alone, which would have the effect of damaging the cutting elements, but by all of its lateral surface.

Comme dans les réalisations précédentes, on réalise simultanément et sans interruption les opérations de taille, de soutènement et d'évacuation des déblais.As in the previous embodiments, the operations of cutting, supporting and removing the cuttings are carried out simultaneously and without interruption.

Bien entendu, l'invention ne se limite pas aux exemples décrits, mais couvre également toute variante constructive à la portée de l'homme de l'art.Of course, the invention is not limited to the examples described, but also covers any constructive variant within the reach of ordinary skill in the art.

Claims (21)

1. Système pour creuser des galeries souterraines, comprenant un outil d'abattage (31, 491) articulé sur un bâti (1, 401) et monté de manière à pouvoir être déplacé suivant la hauteur du front de taille (S, F), ce bâti étant muni de moyens d'appui au sol et de moyens de propulsion pour suivre l'avance de l'abattage, caractérisé en ce que le point d'articulation (5, 405) de l'outil d'abattage (31, 491) est situé dans la moitié supérieure du système en position de fonctionnement.1. System for digging underground galleries, comprising a felling tool (31, 491) articulated on a frame (1, 401) and mounted so as to be able to be moved according to the height of the working face (S, F), this frame being provided with means for supporting the ground and propulsion means for monitoring the advance of the felling, characterized in that the articulation point (5, 405) of the felling tool (31, 491) is located in the upper half of the system in the operating position. 2. Système conforme à la revendication 16, caractérisé en ce que le point d'articulation de l'outil d'abattage (231) est situé sur un organe (268) mobile par rapport au bâti est susceptible d'être déplacé dans une direction sensiblement parallèle à la direction d'avancement.2. System according to claim 16, characterized in that the articulation point of the felling tool (231) is located on a member (268) movable relative to the frame is capable of being moved in one direction substantially parallel to the direction of advance. 3. Système conforme à l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'arbre (305) portant l'outil d'abattage est monté sur deux paliers (371, 372) dont l'un (371) est mobile verticalement pour donner à l'outil une course oblique dans une direction prédéterminée.3. System according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the shaft (305) carrying the felling tool is mounted on two bearings (371, 372) one of which (371) is movable vertically to give the tool an oblique stroke in a predetermined direction. 4. Système conforme à l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le bâti est muni d'au moins un dispositif d'appui mobile (17, 417) sur le toit de la galerie permettant l'avance du bâti au cours de l'opération de creusement.4. System according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the frame is provided with at least one mobile support device (17, 417) on the roof of the gallery allowing the advancement of the frame to during the digging operation. 5. Système conforme à la revendication.4, caractérisé en ce que chaque dispositif d'appui sur le toit est articulé sur le bâti par l'intermédiaire de deux axes de rotation sensiblement rectangulaires.5. System according to claim.4, characterized in that each support device on the roof is articulated on the frame by means of two substantially rectangular axes of rotation. 6. Système conforme à l'une des revendications 4 ou 5, caractérisé en ce que chaque dispositif d'appui au toit est relié à un vérin (19, 119, 419) pour assurer l'appui.6. System according to one of claims 4 or 5, characterized in that each roof support device is connected to a jack (19, 119, 419) to provide support. 7. Système conforme à l'une des revendications 4 à 6, caractérisé en ce que chaque dispositif d'appui au toit (17) comprend un train à chenilles (26).7. System according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that each roof support device (17) comprises a crawler train (26). 8. Système conforme à la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que chaque train à chenilles (17) comprend au moins une chenille (26) coopérant avec un chemin de guidage (24) relié à une membrure (16) par l'intermédiaire d'une double articulation à deux axes d'oscillation (27) sensiblement rectangulaires.8. System according to claim 7, characterized in that each crawler train (17) comprises at least one caterpillar (26) cooperating with a guide path (24) connected to a frame (16) by means of a double articulation with two substantially rectangular axes of oscillation (27). 9. Système conforme à l'une des revendications 7 ou 8, caractérisé en ce que les moyens d'appui au sol comprennent deux trains à chenilles ( 6, 7) disposés latéralement.9. System according to one of claims 7 or 8, characterized in that the ground support means comprise two crawler trains (6, 7) arranged laterally. 10. Système conforme à la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de propulsion comprennent un organe moteur (48) à déplacement linéaire dont une partie fixe est reliée au bâti et dont une partie mobile (49) coopère avec une crémaillère ménagée dans la chenille (11) d'appui au sol.10. System according to claim 9, characterized in that the propulsion means comprise a motor member (48) with linear displacement of which a fixed part is connected to the frame and of which a mobile part (49) cooperates with a rack made in the track (11) for supporting the ground. 11. Système conforme à l'une des revendications 9 à 10, caractérisé en ce que les trains à chenille (11) coopérent avec un chemin de guidage (9) relié au bâti (1) par une double articulation à deux axes d'oscillation sensiblement rectangulaires.11. System according to one of claims 9 to 10, characterized in that the crawler trains (11) cooperate with a guide path (9) connected to the frame (1) by a double articulation with two axes of oscillation substantially rectangular. 12. Système conforme à l'une des revendications 9 a 11, caractérisé en ce que l'un (7) des trains à chenilles (6, 7) d'appui au sol est relié au bâti par une articulation (13) d'axe sensiblement horizontal et perpendiculaire à la direction d'avance.12. System according to one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that one (7) of the crawler trains (6, 7) supporting the ground is connected to the frame by an articulation (13) of axis substantially horizontal and perpendicular to the direction of advance. 13. Système conforme à l'une des revendications 9 à 12, caractérisé en ce que le bâti (1) comprend une entretoise plate (52) située au niveau des trains à chenilles (6, 7) d'appui au sol et munie de plans inclinés relevables (53) pour en faciliter la traversée.13. System according to one of claims 9 to 12, characterized in that the frame (1) comprises a flat spacer (52) located at the level of the crawler trains (6, 7) supporting the ground and provided with liftable inclined planes (53) to facilitate crossing. 14. Système conforme à l'une des revendications 4 a 6, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'appui au toit comprend au moins une membrure de glissement (116) articulée sur le bâti (101) et munie de patins (117) pour coopérer avec des poutres (166) maintenues appliquées sur le toit par ladite membrure.14. System according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the roof support device comprises at least one sliding member (116) articulated on the frame (101) and provided with pads (117) for cooperate with beams (166) kept applied to the roof by said frame. 15. Système conforme à la revendication 14, caractérisé en ce que la membrure de glissement (116) comprend des pieds escamotables (167) pour prendre appui sur le toit et dégager les poutres (166) en vue de les faire progresser à chaque pas d'avance du creusement.15. System according to claim 14, characterized in that the sliding frame (116) comprises retractable feet (167) to bear on the roof and release the beams (166) in order to advance them with each step d advance of digging. 16. Système conforme à l'une des revendications 14 ou 15, caractérisé en ce que le bâti (101) comprend des patins de glissement (161) pour coopérer avec des poutres- support (162) placées latéralement sur le sol.16. System according to one of claims 14 or 15, characterized in that the frame (101) comprises sliding pads (161) for cooperating with support beams (162) placed laterally on the ground. 17. Système conforme à la revendication 16, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de progression comprennent un organe (148) à déplacement linéaire dont une partie fixe est reliée au bâti et dont une partie mobile (149) est reliée a une poutre-support (162).17. System according to claim 16, characterized in that the progression means comprise a member (148) with linear displacement of which a fixed part is connected to the frame and of which a mobile part (149) is connected to a support beam ( 162). 18. Système conforme à l'une des revendications 16 ou 17, caractérisé en ce que le bâti (101) comprend des pieds escamotables (164) pour venir en appui sur le sol et dégager les poutres-supports (162) en vue de les faire progresser à chaque pas d'avance du creusement.18. System according to one of claims 16 or 17, characterized in that the frame (101) comprises retractable feet (164) for coming to bear on the ground and releasing the support beams (162) in order to advance with each step ahead of digging. 19. Système conforme à l'une des revendications 4 à 5, caractérisé en ce que les dispositifs d'appui au toit (417) sont disposés obliquement pour prendre appui sur le toit d'une galerie à section curviligne.19. System according to one of claims 4 to 5, characterized in that the roof support devices (417) are arranged obliquely to bear on the roof of a gallery with curvilinear section. 20. Système conforme à la revendication19, caractérisé en ce que l'outil d'abattage (491) comprend un tronc de cône muni d'outils monté en bout d'un arbre relié au bâti (401) par une articulation (484, 488) permettant des déplacements angulaires du bras dans deux plans sensiblement perpendiculaires.20. System according to claim 19, characterized in that the felling tool (491) comprises a truncated cone provided with tools mounted at the end of a shaft connected to the frame (401) by an articulation (484, 488 ) allowing angular movements of the arm in two substantially perpendicular planes. 21. Système conforme à la revendication 20, caractérisé en ce que l'articulation (484) du bras sur le bâti (401) est montée coulissante sur une traverse (405) sensiblement horizontale du bâti.21. System according to claim 20, characterized in that the articulation (484) of the arm on the frame (401) is slidably mounted on a crosspiece (405) substantially horizontal of the frame.
EP80400890A 1979-06-21 1980-06-18 Machine for driving underground galleries Expired EP0021987B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT80400890T ATE4135T1 (en) 1979-06-21 1980-06-18 UNDERGROUND JACKING MACHINE.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR7915908A FR2459360B1 (en) 1979-06-21 1979-06-21 SYSTEM FOR EXCAVATING UNDERGROUND GALLERIES
FR7915908 1979-06-21

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EP0021987A1 true EP0021987A1 (en) 1981-01-07
EP0021987B1 EP0021987B1 (en) 1983-07-13

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AT (1) ATE4135T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3064115D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2459360B1 (en)

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CN115163075A (en) * 2022-08-18 2022-10-11 四川发展天瑞矿业有限公司 Full-thickness layered mining method for medium-thickness slowly-inclined phosphate ore
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0021987B1 (en) 1983-07-13
DE3064115D1 (en) 1983-08-18
FR2459360A1 (en) 1981-01-09
US4362337A (en) 1982-12-07
FR2459360B1 (en) 1986-04-18
ATE4135T1 (en) 1983-07-15

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