EP0021873A1 - Block for railways limited in height, especially for ballastless railways - Google Patents
Block for railways limited in height, especially for ballastless railways Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0021873A1 EP0021873A1 EP80400692A EP80400692A EP0021873A1 EP 0021873 A1 EP0021873 A1 EP 0021873A1 EP 80400692 A EP80400692 A EP 80400692A EP 80400692 A EP80400692 A EP 80400692A EP 0021873 A1 EP0021873 A1 EP 0021873A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- block
- sole
- saddle
- ribs
- concrete
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B3/00—Transverse or longitudinal sleepers; Other means resting directly on the ballastway for supporting rails
- E01B3/28—Transverse or longitudinal sleepers; Other means resting directly on the ballastway for supporting rails made from concrete or from natural or artificial stone
- E01B3/40—Slabs; Blocks; Pot sleepers; Fastening tie-rods to them
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B1/00—Ballastway; Other means for supporting the sleepers or the track; Drainage of the ballastway
- E01B1/002—Ballastless track, e.g. concrete slab trackway, or with asphalt layers
- E01B1/005—Ballastless track, e.g. concrete slab trackway, or with asphalt layers with sleeper shoes
Definitions
- the present invention due to the collaboration of Mr. René MUNIER, relates to the construction of a block of concrete-steel railroad tracks where the rails are supported on reinforced concrete blocks, called blocks, possibly connected two by two in a crosspiece by a metal frame with the ends sealed in said blocks.
- This type of block is used mainly in so-called ballast-free tracks, where the blocks rest on plates of vibration damping material, in direct support on a concrete screed, in which they are generally embedded.
- These tracks are in particular in rail transport networks in tunnels, where the absence of ballast makes it possible to significantly reduce the height of the tunnel.
- the present invention relates to a block structure not having the above drawback, while retaining sufficient strength and being of simple and economical construction.
- the upper face of the block has a metal saddle ensuring the support and fixing of the rail by an upper sole extending downwards by ribs sealed in the concrete of the block and forming a frame.
- the saddle will have a general shape of an inverted U whose two vertical wings will be embedded in the concrete of the block.
- the upper sole will cover most of the surface of the block.
- the saddles can be made from steel plates cut and folded into a U.
- the wings of the U can have a decreasing height from the middle to the ends, thus with a classic form of beam working in bending.
- Conventional round iron reinforcements may possibly be added to the saddle, for example by pinching the external faces of the wings of the U by their external frame.
- the saddle will be made of cast iron, its shape allowing an economical molding without coring, the molding making it possible to directly obtain from the foundry the fixing holes and the setting stops of the rail fastening devices, as well as a network of additional ribs making it possible to reinforce, if necessary, the support beam formed by the saddle, as well as its sealing in the concrete of the block.
- the low rail track block of the reinforced concrete type according to the invention is characterized in that this reinforcement is essentially constituted by a metal saddle of which an upper sole receives the support and the fixing of the rail and is extends downward through ribs sealed in the concrete of the block and forming a reinforcement there.
- the saddle preferably has the general shape of an inverted U whose base or sole is supported and whose two wings are embedded in the concrete of the block.
- These wings or ribs have a decreasing height from their support area of the rail towards their ends, giving the saddle the shape of a beam of equal resistance.
- the saddle can be made of molded metal such as cast iron, the rail support sole then being stiffened by a network of ribs obtained by molding, these ribs crisscrossing for example the lower surface of the sole.
- This sole will advantageously be bordered by a peripheral rib comprising external ribs at the points of connection with the internal grid ribs, on the longitudinal edge of the sole, to increase the anchoring of the reinforcement.
- the saddle will be a steel plate cut and folded into a U-shaped profile.
- the two wings of this U-shaped section can be embedded by wedging in the external frame of a reinforcing reinforcement in a flat grid formed of round concrete iron.
- the support stops and the fixing holes of the rail fasteners will be fitted. in the sole of the saddle and produced, depending on the type of construction, either directly by foundry, or by cutting, embedding and / or welding of added elements.
- a rail 1 fixed in the usual way by fasteners 2 rests on a sole 3 forming the upper plate of a saddle 4 made of cast material such as cast iron.
- Said sole extends vertically downwards by a network of ribs 5, sealed in the concrete of a block 6.
- the sole 3 and its network of ribs 5 give the saddle 4 a very resistant and rigid ribbed beam structure in flexion .
- the sole 3 has reliefs 7 forming the support stops for the rail fixing system and orifices 8 for passage and for fixing the bolt heads of the rail fasteners 2.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 show a network of ribs 5 squaring the bottom surface of the sole 3 and slightly protruding at 9, their junction with a peripheral rib of the sole 3, which increases the anchoring of the sole in the concrete block 6 and avoids any other conventional auxiliary frame.
- the block 6 is shown equipped with a liner 10 and a sole 11 of the type used for damping vibrations in tracks without ballast.
- the saddle 4 can be made of thick sheet metal cut and folded into a U as shown in FIGS. 4, 5 and 6 where , for the sake of simplification of the drawings, the rail fastening systems 1 have not been shown, but will be fitted out with suitable holes in the sole 3 and stops which can either be wedged in such holes, cut directly, or made up of metal studs welded to this sole according to the types of fastening used.
- the inherent limitations of this embodiment limit the ribs 5 to two longitudinal ribs giving the saddle a U-shaped beam. These longitudinal wings may, as in the previous case, have a decreasing height from the middle to the ends in a shape of equal classical resistance for such beams working in bending.
- This limitation to the two longitudinal ribs can be compensated, if necessary for heavily loaded railways, by a reinforcing reinforcement in conventional round concrete iron, but appearing, as shown in Figures 4 and 6, as a flat grid 12 may come get stuck, by its outer frame 13, on either side of the ribs 5, taking advantage of their residual folding inclination. This wedging at 14 allows the reinforcement 13 to be held in place during the pouring and setting of the concrete.
- the concrete block 6 has a height reduced to the strict minimum for coating the lower part of the saddle 4 and that its role is limited to transmitting by simple compression, a constraint for which this material is well suited, the concentrated pressures of the rail 1, received through the saddle 4, to the damping plate 11, in the form of a uniformly distributed pressure.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Railway Tracks (AREA)
- Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)
- Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
- Holders For Apparel And Elements Relating To Apparel (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Tubular Articles Or Embedded Moulded Articles (AREA)
- Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Golf Clubs (AREA)
- Holding Or Fastening Of Disk On Rotational Shaft (AREA)
- Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention, due à la collaboration de monsieur René MUNIER, se rapporte à une construction de blochet de voie ferrée béton-acier où les rails prennent appui sur des blocs de béton armés, dits blochets, éventuellement reliés deux à deux en une traverse par une armature métallique aux extrémités scellées dans lesdits blochets.The present invention, due to the collaboration of Mr. René MUNIER, relates to the construction of a block of concrete-steel railroad tracks where the rails are supported on reinforced concrete blocks, called blocks, possibly connected two by two in a crosspiece by a metal frame with the ends sealed in said blocks.
Ce type de blochet est utilisé principalement dans les voies dites sans ballast, où les blochets reposent sur des plaques de matériau d'amortissement de vibration, en appui direct sur une chape de béton, dans laquelle ils sont généralement encastrés. Ces voies sont notamment dans des réseaux de transports ferroviaires en tunnels, où l'absence de ballast permet de diminuer sensiblement la hauteur du tunnel.This type of block is used mainly in so-called ballast-free tracks, where the blocks rest on plates of vibration damping material, in direct support on a concrete screed, in which they are generally embedded. These tracks are in particular in rail transport networks in tunnels, where the absence of ballast makes it possible to significantly reduce the height of the tunnel.
Par contre, et malgré l'emploi de bétons renforcés réduisant les besoins d'armatures, la structure de béton armé des blochets, oblige à donner à ceux-ci une certaine masse dimensionnelle pour acquérir la solidité et la rigidité requises. Il doit être tenu compte des pressions concentrées importantes sur le centre du blochet à la verticale du rail lors des passages de trains, tendant à faire travailler celui-ci en flexions sur appui central répétées peu souhaitables pour des pièces de béton.By cons, and despite the use of reinforced concrete reducing the need for reinforcement, the reinforced concrete structure of the blocks, requires giving them a certain dimensional mass to acquire the required strength and rigidity. Account must be taken of the significant concentrated pressures on the center of the block vertical to the rail during the passage of trains, tending to make the latter work in repetitive flexions on central support which are undesirable for concrete parts.
Il en résulte donc, pour résister à ces flexions, des blochets nécessairement assez massifs, notamment en hauteur, qui vont à l'encontre du but recherché d'un ensemble de voie aussi surbaissé que possible.This therefore results, in order to resist these flexions, necessarily fairly massive blocks, in particular in height, which go against the desired objective of a track assembly as low as possible.
La présente invention concerne une structure de blochet n'ayant pas l'inconvénient ci-dessus, tout en gardant une résistance suffisante et en étant d'une construction simple et économique.The present invention relates to a block structure not having the above drawback, while retaining sufficient strength and being of simple and economical construction.
Elle se caractérise en ce que la face supérieure du blochet comporte une selle métallique assurant l'appui et la fixation du rail par une semelle supérieure se prolongeant vers le bas par des nervures scellées dans le béton du blochet et y formant armature.It is characterized in that the upper face of the block has a metal saddle ensuring the support and fixing of the rail by an upper sole extending downwards by ribs sealed in the concrete of the block and forming a frame.
Avantageusement, la selle aura une forme générale d'un U renversé dont les deux ailes verticales seront noyées dans le béton du blochet. La semelle supérieure couvrira l'essentiel de la surface du blochet.Advantageously, the saddle will have a general shape of an inverted U whose two vertical wings will be embedded in the concrete of the block. The upper sole will cover most of the surface of the block.
Il en résulte de cette combinaison structurelle d'une armature métallique en forme de selle recouvrant le bloc de béton dans lequel elle est scellée par ses ailes que l'essentiel des efforts de flexion exercés par la pression concentrée d rail seront supportés par la structure métallique en U très rigide dr la selle, sous laquelle le béton du blochet travaillera essentiellement en compression. La hauteur du blochet pourra donc être réduite ainsi au maximum. Pratiquement, elle n'aura à être que légèrement supérieure aux ailes de la selle, suffisamment pour assurer leur scellement correct, et transmettre la pression exercée par la selle uniformément à la plàque d'amortissement sur laquelle repose le blochet.It follows from this structural combination of a metal frame in the form of a saddle covering the concrete block in which it is sealed by its wings that most of the bending forces exerted by the concentrated rail pressure will be supported by the metal structure. very rigid U-shaped saddle, under which the concrete of the block will work mainly in compression. The height of the block can therefore be reduced as much as possible. In practice, it will only have to be slightly higher than the wings of the saddle, enough to ensure their correct sealing, and transmit the pressure exerted by the saddle uniformly to the damping plate on which the block rests.
Les selles pourront être réalisées à partir de plaques d'acier découpées et repliées en U. Les ailes du U pourront avoir une hauteur décroissante à partir du milieu vers les extrémités, avec ainsi une forme classique de poutre travaillant en flexion. Des armatures classiques en fer rond pourront éventuellement être adjointes à la selle, par exemple en venant pincer par leur cadre externe les faces externes des ailes du U.The saddles can be made from steel plates cut and folded into a U. The wings of the U can have a decreasing height from the middle to the ends, thus with a classic form of beam working in bending. Conventional round iron reinforcements may possibly be added to the saddle, for example by pinching the external faces of the wings of the U by their external frame.
Selon un cas de réalisation préféré, la selle sera réalisée en fonte moulée, sa forme permettant un moulage économique sans noyautage, le moulage permettant d'obtenir directement de fonderie les trous de fixation et les butées de calage des dispositifs d'attache du rail, ainsi qu'un réseau de nervures supplémentaires permettant de renforcer, si nécessaire, la poutre d'appui formée par la selle, ainsi que son scellement dans le béton du blochet. Ainsi, plus généralement, le blochet de voie ferrée surbaissée du type en béton armaturé selon l'invention se caractérise en ce que cette armature ést essentiellement constituée d'une selle métallique dont une semelle supérieure reçoit l'appui et la fixation du rail et se prolonge vers le bas par des nervures scellées dans le béton du blochet et y formant armature.According to a preferred embodiment, the saddle will be made of cast iron, its shape allowing an economical molding without coring, the molding making it possible to directly obtain from the foundry the fixing holes and the setting stops of the rail fastening devices, as well as a network of additional ribs making it possible to reinforce, if necessary, the support beam formed by the saddle, as well as its sealing in the concrete of the block. Thus, more generally, the low rail track block of the reinforced concrete type according to the invention is characterized in that this reinforcement is essentially constituted by a metal saddle of which an upper sole receives the support and the fixing of the rail and is extends downward through ribs sealed in the concrete of the block and forming a reinforcement there.
La selle a de préférence une forme générale d'un U renversé dont la base ou semelle prend appui et dont les deux ailes sont noyées dans le béton du blochet.The saddle preferably has the general shape of an inverted U whose base or sole is supported and whose two wings are embedded in the concrete of the block.
Ces ailes ou nervures ont une hauteur décroissante à partir de leur zone d'appui du rail vers leurs extrémités, conférant à la selle une forme de poutre d'égale résistance.These wings or ribs have a decreasing height from their support area of the rail towards their ends, giving the saddle the shape of a beam of equal resistance.
La selle peut être réalisée en métal moulé tel que la fonte, la semelle d'appui du rail étant alors rigidifiée par un réseau de nervures obtenues par moulage, ces nervures quadrillant par exemple la surface inférieure de la semelle.The saddle can be made of molded metal such as cast iron, the rail support sole then being stiffened by a network of ribs obtained by molding, these ribs crisscrossing for example the lower surface of the sole.
Cette semelle sera avantageusement bordée par une nervure périphérique comportant des nervures externes aux points de raccordement avec les nervures internes de quadrillage, sur la bordure longitudinale de la semelle,pour augmenter l'ancrage de l'armature.This sole will advantageously be bordered by a peripheral rib comprising external ribs at the points of connection with the internal grid ribs, on the longitudinal edge of the sole, to increase the anchoring of the reinforcement.
Selon un autre type de construction, la selle sera une plaque d'acier découpée et pliée en un profilé en forme de U.According to another type of construction, the saddle will be a steel plate cut and folded into a U-shaped profile.
Les deux ailes de ce profilé en U pourront venir s'encastrer par coincement dans le cadre externe d'une armature de renforcement en une grille plate formée de fer rond à béton.The two wings of this U-shaped section can be embedded by wedging in the external frame of a reinforcing reinforcement in a flat grid formed of round concrete iron.
Les butées d'appui et les orifices de fixation des attaches de rail seront aménagés. dans la semelle de la selle et réalisés, selon le type de construction, soit directement par fonderie, soit par découpe, encastrement et/ou soudure d'éléments rapportés.The support stops and the fixing holes of the rail fasteners will be fitted. in the sole of the saddle and produced, depending on the type of construction, either directly by foundry, or by cutting, embedding and / or welding of added elements.
Des exemples de réalisation de l'invention seront décrits ci-dessous en référence aux dessins annexés, où :
- - La figure 1 représente en coupe longitudinale axiale I - I un blochet selon l'invention dans sa version préférée avec une selle en matériau coulé en fonderie.
- - La figure 2 représente le même blochet en vue de dessus.
- - La figure 3 représente le même blochet en coupe transversale III - III.
- - La figure 4 représente un blochet selon l'invention dont la selle est réalisée à partir d'une plaque d'acier découpée et pliée en U, en coupe longitudinale IV - IV.
- - La figure 5 représente, en vue de dessus, la disposition de la même selle dans le même blochet.
- - La figure 6 représente, en coupe VI - VI, les sections transversales de la selle et du blochet.
- - Figure 1 shows in axial longitudinal section I - I a block according to the invention in its preferred version with a saddle of material cast in foundry.
- - Figure 2 shows the same block in top view.
- - Figure 3 shows the same block in cross section III - III.
- - Figure 4 shows a block according to the invention whose saddle is made from a steel plate cut and folded in a U, in longitudinal section IV - IV.
- - Figure 5 shows, in top view, the arrangement of the same saddle in the same block.
- - Figure 6 shows, in section VI - VI, the cross sections of the saddle and the block.
Sur la figure 1, un rail 1, fixé de façon usuelle par des attaches 2 repose sur une semelle 3 formant la plaque supérieure d'une selle 4 en matériau coulé tel que de la fonte. Ladite semelle se prolonge verticalement vers le bas par un réseau de nervures 5, scellées dans le béton d'un blochet 6. La semelle 3 et son réseau de nervures 5 donnent à la selle 4 une structure de poutre nervurée très résistante et rigide en flexion.In FIG. 1, a
La semelle 3 comporte des reliefs 7 formant les butées d'appui du système de fixation de rail et des orifices 8 de passage et de fixation des têtes de boulons des attaches de rail 2.The sole 3 has
Deux types d'attaches différentes sont représentées de part et d'autre du rail sur les figures 1 et 2, pour illustrer l'adaptabilité de ce type de blochet aux différents systèmes de fixation.Two different types of fasteners are shown on either side of the rail in Figures 1 and 2, to illustrate the adaptability of this type of block to different fastening systems.
Ces figures 1 et 2 font apparaître un réseau de nervures 5 quadrillant la surface inférieure de la semelle 3 et dépassant légèrement en 9, de leur jonction avec une nervure périphérique de la semelle 3, ce qui augmente l'ancrage de la semelle dans le béton du blochet 6 et permet d'éviter toute autre armature auxiliaire classique. Le blochet 6 est représenté équipé d'un chausson 10 et d'une semelle 11 du type utilisé pour l'amortissement des vibrations dans les voies sans ballast.These Figures 1 and 2 show a network of
Selon un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention, lorsque cette technique s'avère plus avantageuse selon les moyens industriels disponibles, la selle 4 peut être réalisée en tôle épaisse découpée et pliée en U comme représenté sur les figures 4, 5 et 6 où, à fin de simplification des dessins, les systèmes de fixation du rail 1, n'ont pas été représentés, mais seront aménagés avec des orifices appropriés de la semelle 3 et des butées pouvant être soit calées dans de tels orifices, découpés directement, soit constituées de plots métalliques soudés sur cette semelle selon les types de fixation utilisés.According to another embodiment of the invention, when this technique turns out to be more advantageous according to the industrial means available, the
Les limitations inhérentes à ce mode de réalisation limitent les nervures 5 à deux nervures longitudinales donnant à la selle une forme de poutre en U. Ces ailes longitudinales pourront, comme dans le cas précédent, avoir une hauteur décroissante du milieu vers les extrémités selon une forme d'égale résistance classique pour de telles poutres travaillant en flexion. Cette limitation aux deux nervures longitudinales peut être compensée, si nécessaire pour des voies ferrées fortement chargées, par une armature de renforcement en fer rond à béton classique,mais se présentant, comme indiqué aux figures 4 et 6, comme une grille plate 12 pouvant venir se coincer, par son cadre extérieur 13, de part et d'autre des nervures 5, en mettant à profit leur inclinaison résiduelle de pliage. Ce coincement en 14 permet le maintien en place de l'armature 13 pendant la coulée et la prise du béton.The inherent limitations of this embodiment limit the
On constate que dans les deux modes de réalisation décrits, le blochet de béton 6 a une hauteur réduite au strict minimum pour l'enrobage de la partie inférieure de la selle 4 et que son rôle se borne à transmettre par simple compression, contrainte pour laquelle ce matériau est bien adapte, les pressions concentrées du rail 1, reçues à travers la selle 4, à la plaque d'amortissement 11, sous forme d'une pression uniformément répartie.It can be seen that in the two embodiments described, the
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT80400692T ATE4735T1 (en) | 1979-06-15 | 1980-05-20 | SLEEPER BLOCK FOR RAILWAY TRACKS WITH LOW CONSTRUCTION HEIGHT, PARTICULARLY FOR RAILWAY TRACKS WITHOUT BALANCED. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR7915391 | 1979-06-15 | ||
FR7915391A FR2459327B1 (en) | 1979-06-15 | 1979-06-15 | LOW RAIL TRACK BLOCK, ESPECIALLY FOR BALLAST-FREE RAIL TRACK |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0021873A1 true EP0021873A1 (en) | 1981-01-07 |
EP0021873B1 EP0021873B1 (en) | 1983-09-21 |
Family
ID=9226679
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP80400692A Expired EP0021873B1 (en) | 1979-06-15 | 1980-05-20 | Block for railways limited in height, especially for ballastless railways |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4381076A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0021873B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPS563701A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE4735T1 (en) |
BR (1) | BR8003704A (en) |
CA (1) | CA1140517A (en) |
DE (1) | DE3064898D1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2459327B1 (en) |
IN (1) | IN153689B (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA803341B (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2491105A1 (en) * | 1980-09-29 | 1982-04-02 | Sonneville Roger | DEVICE FOR FIXING A RAIL ON A CONCRETE SUPPORT |
DE3315697A1 (en) * | 1983-04-29 | 1984-11-08 | Klöckner-Werke AG, 4100 Duisburg | SOUND-REDUCING TRACK ELEMENT |
KR20040017012A (en) * | 2002-08-20 | 2004-02-26 | 최진욱 | railroad support |
JP6183800B2 (en) * | 2013-06-19 | 2017-08-23 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | Installation method of coke oven and coal-carrying rail gauge |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BE421322A (en) * | ||||
GB191311951A (en) * | 1913-05-22 | 1914-05-22 | Louis Green | Improvements in or relating to Reinforced Concrete Railway Sleepers and Rail Supports therefor. |
US1351819A (en) * | 1920-04-06 | 1920-09-07 | Charles O Whitcomb | Railroad-tie |
CH97008A (en) * | 1921-02-07 | 1922-12-16 | Permanent Railway Tie Corp | Railway crossing. |
US1788913A (en) * | 1929-12-18 | 1931-01-13 | Richard F Greenwood | Railroad tie of composite reenforced concrete |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US942650A (en) * | 1909-05-22 | 1909-12-07 | Henry C Krepps | Railroad-tie. |
US1071361A (en) * | 1912-12-26 | 1913-08-26 | Thomas C Sisk | Railway tie and spike. |
US1128668A (en) * | 1914-10-16 | 1915-02-16 | David S Earll | Combined track-gage and rail-fastener. |
US1622259A (en) * | 1926-06-10 | 1927-03-22 | Harvey J Lipham | Concrete railroad tie |
US2201047A (en) * | 1938-12-01 | 1940-05-14 | Aetna Iron & Steel Co | Structural member and method of making same |
US3333389A (en) * | 1964-06-29 | 1967-08-01 | Lihap Ind | Tapered girder construction |
SE373821B (en) * | 1972-02-29 | 1975-02-17 | Swedish Rail System Ab Srs | |
US3960637A (en) * | 1973-07-23 | 1976-06-01 | Ostrow Paul F | Composite structural member |
-
1979
- 1979-06-15 FR FR7915391A patent/FR2459327B1/en not_active Expired
-
1980
- 1980-05-20 DE DE8080400692T patent/DE3064898D1/en not_active Expired
- 1980-05-20 AT AT80400692T patent/ATE4735T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1980-05-20 EP EP80400692A patent/EP0021873B1/en not_active Expired
- 1980-06-04 ZA ZA00803341A patent/ZA803341B/en unknown
- 1980-06-13 JP JP7916480A patent/JPS563701A/en active Pending
- 1980-06-13 IN IN696/CAL/80A patent/IN153689B/en unknown
- 1980-06-13 BR BR8003704A patent/BR8003704A/en unknown
- 1980-06-13 US US06/159,341 patent/US4381076A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1980-06-13 CA CA000353960A patent/CA1140517A/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BE421322A (en) * | ||||
GB191311951A (en) * | 1913-05-22 | 1914-05-22 | Louis Green | Improvements in or relating to Reinforced Concrete Railway Sleepers and Rail Supports therefor. |
US1351819A (en) * | 1920-04-06 | 1920-09-07 | Charles O Whitcomb | Railroad-tie |
CH97008A (en) * | 1921-02-07 | 1922-12-16 | Permanent Railway Tie Corp | Railway crossing. |
US1788913A (en) * | 1929-12-18 | 1931-01-13 | Richard F Greenwood | Railroad tie of composite reenforced concrete |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US4381076A (en) | 1983-04-26 |
CA1140517A (en) | 1983-02-01 |
JPS563701A (en) | 1981-01-16 |
ZA803341B (en) | 1981-05-27 |
FR2459327A1 (en) | 1981-01-09 |
DE3064898D1 (en) | 1983-10-27 |
ATE4735T1 (en) | 1983-10-15 |
BR8003704A (en) | 1981-01-13 |
EP0021873B1 (en) | 1983-09-21 |
IN153689B (en) | 1984-08-04 |
FR2459327B1 (en) | 1986-02-28 |
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