EP0020674A1 - Smoke detector operating with scattered radiation. - Google Patents
Smoke detector operating with scattered radiation.Info
- Publication number
- EP0020674A1 EP0020674A1 EP80900014A EP80900014A EP0020674A1 EP 0020674 A1 EP0020674 A1 EP 0020674A1 EP 80900014 A EP80900014 A EP 80900014A EP 80900014 A EP80900014 A EP 80900014A EP 0020674 A1 EP0020674 A1 EP 0020674A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- radiation
- smoke detector
- detector according
- webs
- receiver
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 135
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- KKEBXNMGHUCPEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-phenyl-1-(2-sulfanylethyl)imidazolidin-2-one Chemical compound N1C(=O)N(CCS)CC1C1=CC=CC=C1 KKEBXNMGHUCPEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000237942 Conidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010410 dusting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
- G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
- G08B17/103—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device
- G08B17/107—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device for detecting light-scattering due to smoke
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
- G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
- G08B17/11—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using an ionisation chamber for detecting smoke or gas
- G08B17/113—Constructional details
Definitions
- the invention relates to a smoke detector with a radiation source, which emits radiation in a cone-shaped radiation area, and a radiation receiver, which is arranged outside the direct radiation area in the cone axis and which receives radiation scattered on particles in the radiation area .
- a smoke detector with a radiation source, which emits radiation in a cone-shaped radiation area, and a radiation receiver, which is arranged outside the direct radiation area in the cone axis and which receives radiation scattered on particles in the radiation area .
- smoke detectors are used for fire prevention, for example.
- the rotationally symmetrical smoke detector shown is enclosed by a housing 1 which has openings 0 for the entry of air into the interior of the detector.
- a carrier part 2 is provided in the interior of the housing 1, its upper part projecting beyond the housing 1 for mechanical African fastening and for the electrical connection of the smoke detector to a base (not shown) is formed.
- a holding part 3 is inserted, in which the radiation source is inserted.
- This radiation source consists of a base part 4, which carries a diode 5 emitting light or infrared radiation centrally.
- a diode 5 emitting light or infrared radiation centrally.
- an optical system 6 the optically effective surfaces of which are designed in such a way that the radiation emitted by the diode 5 has a cone-shaped characteristic, so that essentially only radiation in a cone-shaped radiation region C is present, but almost none Radiation in the direction of the cone axis A.
- the residual radiation remaining in the axial direction is additionally shielded by a diaphragm part 7 with a radiation-absorbing surface.
- the radiation receiver R is arranged in the cone axis A in such a way that its radiation-receiving surface faces upwards, i.e. is directed in the direction of the radiation source, so that forward scattered radiation, which is caused by smoke particles in the cone-shaped radiation region C, strikes this radiation receiver R.
- the radiation receiver is held in parts 8 and 10 in the correct position and at the correct distance from the radiation source.
- the radiation area C is closed off by a radiation-absorbing part 10.
- This Part has a number of concentric ridges on S, which have circular cross-sections and wel ⁇ che roatationssymmetrisch around the cone axis A are arranged 'and surround the radiation receiver A.
- This part 10 is mounted and positioned in the detector such that the upper edges of the webs S are arranged below the plane E of the radiation-receiving surface of the radiation receiver R, that is to say facing away from this surface.
- the inner surfaces of the webs S represent cylindrical surfaces around the cone axes, while the outward-facing surfaces of the webs, at least in the upper part, are slightly conical with an acute angle to the cone axis.
- the opening angle is matched to the opening angle of the cone shell of the radiation area, and the angle of inclination of the outer surfaces of the webs S against the cone axis A is expediently chosen to be somewhat smaller than the opening angle of the cone-shaped radiation area. It is hereby achieved that the direct radiation emanating from the radiation source strikes only the vertical inner surfaces of the webs S, but not the inclined outer surfaces.
- the advantage of this measure is that dust can hardly settle on the vertical inner surfaces. The effect is enhanced when the spaces Z between the webs S are at least predominantly open, so that dust that has entered the detector sinks further down and does not settle at all in the area of the webs S.
- the open spaces between the webs S are also located relative to the openings such that no straight path from the openings 0 leads through these spaces into the interior of the detector, but smoke-containing air has another possibility of quickly entering the detector. To get inside and into the radiation area S or to get out again. This ensures an optimal flow through the smoke detector and ensures a quick alarm when smoke appears in the air.
- the radiation area is delimited by a diaphragm system 7, which consists of several circular diaphragm disks B, .B * ....
- a projection is provided on the optics 6, on which the diaphragm system 7 can be placed.
- the diameter and the Mutual position of the individual diaphragm disks B, B 'relative to one another is now selected such that one of the front diaphragms, that is to say facing the radiation source, in example B, acts as an inner boundary of the radiation area C, that is to say furthest in the Radiation area protrudes.
- a further diaphragm B 'facing the radiation receiver is designed in such a way that the direct emanating from the edge of the diaphragm B
- Interference radiation is completely shielded * by the radiation receiver R.
- the radiation area, C is delimited on the outside by a diaphragm K.
- the diameter of the latter is also selected and arranged relative to the further shielding diaphragm B 'in such a way that the direct interference radiation emanating from the inner edge of this diaphragm K is also completely shielded by the radiation receiver R through the diaphragm B'.
- the measures described first of all ensure that all parts which limit the radiation region C, to which direct radiation impinges, cannot direct first-order scatter radiation caused by scattering the direct radiation onto the radiation receiver R. All elements which limit the radiation area C, that is to say the parts K, B and S in the example shown, are therefore outside the direct reception area of the radiation receiver R.
- those parts of the smoke detector which surround the radiation area C and which th reception area of the radiation receiver R are radiation-absorbing.
- corresponding parts can be provided with ribs X, on which there is multiple reflection on reefing interference radiation and therefore only very weak secondary interference radiation is produced, which could influence the radiation receiver R.
- These ribs can advantageously be provided with acute-angled edges with an angle of inclination between 20 and 70, for example 45, as a result of which sufficient radiation absorption is brought about.
- the level of interference radiation can be considerably reduced and the sensitivity of the smoke detector can be increased even further.
- Especially early alarm transmission is ensured by even very low smoke density and a ⁇ operational reliability over longer periods of time when used as fire alarm, even if die ⁇ se smoke detectors are used under unfavorable environmentssbedingun'gen and exposed to a slow dustiness are.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Plural Heterocyclic Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Detecteur de fumee specialement concu pour alarme incendie avec une source de rayonnement (5) ayant un diagramme de rayonnement de forme conique et un recepteur de rayonnement (R) situe sur l'axe mais hors portee du rayonnement direct qui capte le rayonnement diffuse dans une zone annulaire conique (C). Pour limiter la lumiere parasite tombant sur le recepteur, la zone de rayonnement (C) est delimitee par des elements situees en dehors de la zone de captation directe du recepteur par exemple, dans la direction du rayonnement, par des pieces (5) situees derriere la surface de captage et lateralement par des ecrans (B, K) dont les aretes sont masquees par un autre ecran (B'), du recepteur de rayonnement.Smoke detector specially designed for fire alarm with a radiation source (5) having a conical radiation pattern and a radiation receptor (R) located on the axis but out of range of direct radiation which captures the diffuse radiation in a conical annular zone (C). To limit the stray light falling on the receiver, the radiation area (C) is delimited by elements located outside the direct reception area of the receiver for example, in the direction of the radiation, by pieces (5) located behind the collection surface and laterally by screens (B, K) whose edges are masked by another screen (B '), from the radiation receiver.
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT80900014T ATE3597T1 (en) | 1978-12-21 | 1979-12-01 | SCATTERED RADIATION SMOKE DETECTOR. |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH13001/78 | 1978-12-21 | ||
CH1300178A CH634429A5 (en) | 1978-12-21 | 1978-12-21 | Smoke detector |
CH13000/78 | 1978-12-21 | ||
CH1300078A CH634428A5 (en) | 1978-12-21 | 1978-12-21 | Smoke detector |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0020674A1 true EP0020674A1 (en) | 1981-01-07 |
EP0020674B1 EP0020674B1 (en) | 1983-05-25 |
Family
ID=25711348
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP80900014A Expired EP0020674B1 (en) | 1978-12-21 | 1980-07-01 | Smoke detector operating with scattered radiation |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4269510A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0020674B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPS55501074A (en) |
AU (1) | AU512930B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA1115377A (en) |
DE (1) | DE2965556D1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK150045C (en) |
IT (1) | IT1124404B (en) |
NO (1) | NO149751C (en) |
WO (1) | WO1980001326A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN108898780A (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2018-11-27 | 江苏慧学堂***工程有限公司 | A kind of smoke detector based on wireless network |
Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
USRE32105E (en) * | 1980-12-31 | 1986-04-01 | American District Telegraph Company | Forward scatter smoke detector |
US4430646A (en) | 1980-12-31 | 1984-02-07 | American District Telegraph Company | Forward scatter smoke detector |
CH656474A5 (en) * | 1981-11-11 | 1986-06-30 | Cerberus Ag | SMOKE DETECTOR. |
EP0135361B1 (en) * | 1983-08-12 | 1995-04-26 | I.E.I. Pty Ltd A.C.N. 053 531 212 | Apparatus for detecting particulate material in suspension |
US4618777A (en) * | 1984-11-19 | 1986-10-21 | Pittway Corporation | Outer electrode with improved smoke entry |
GB8502506D0 (en) * | 1985-01-31 | 1985-03-06 | Emi Ltd | Smoke detector |
US4906978A (en) * | 1986-12-24 | 1990-03-06 | Cerberus Ag | Optical smoke detector |
US5021677A (en) * | 1989-05-02 | 1991-06-04 | Nohmi Bosai Kabushiki Kaisha | Light-scattering-type smoke detector |
US5420440A (en) * | 1994-02-28 | 1995-05-30 | Rel-Tek Corporation | Optical obscruation smoke monitor having a shunt flow path located between two access ports |
DE19720007C2 (en) * | 1997-05-13 | 1999-06-02 | Siemens Ag | Gas sensor system for the detection of at least one gas or of particles or a combination thereof with two gas sensors, method for its operation and use of the gas sensor system |
US7592922B2 (en) * | 2007-01-18 | 2009-09-22 | Michael E. La Vigne | Smoke detector guard concentrator |
US8743366B2 (en) * | 2012-08-31 | 2014-06-03 | Fenwal Controls Of Japan, Ltd. | Light emission portion, photoelectric smoke sensor, and suction-type smoke sensing system |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3185975A (en) * | 1962-06-18 | 1965-05-25 | Honeywell Inc | Photoelectric smoke detector |
FR2357888A1 (en) * | 1976-04-01 | 1978-02-03 | Cerberus Ag | SMOKE DETECTOR |
-
1979
- 1979-10-09 US US06/082,613 patent/US4269510A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1979-10-16 CA CA337,695A patent/CA1115377A/en not_active Expired
- 1979-10-23 AU AU52066/79A patent/AU512930B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1979-12-01 JP JP50006179A patent/JPS55501074A/ja active Pending
- 1979-12-01 WO PCT/EP1979/000095 patent/WO1980001326A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1979-12-01 DE DE8080900014T patent/DE2965556D1/en not_active Expired
- 1979-12-12 IT IT12865/79A patent/IT1124404B/en active
- 1979-12-20 NO NO794195A patent/NO149751C/en unknown
-
1980
- 1980-07-01 EP EP80900014A patent/EP0020674B1/en not_active Expired
- 1980-08-20 DK DK357680A patent/DK150045C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO8001326A1 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN108898780A (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2018-11-27 | 江苏慧学堂***工程有限公司 | A kind of smoke detector based on wireless network |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE2965556D1 (en) | 1983-07-07 |
IT7912865A0 (en) | 1979-12-12 |
NO149751C (en) | 1984-06-20 |
IT1124404B (en) | 1986-05-07 |
DK357680A (en) | 1980-08-20 |
JPS55501074A (en) | 1980-12-04 |
WO1980001326A1 (en) | 1980-06-26 |
EP0020674B1 (en) | 1983-05-25 |
CA1115377A (en) | 1981-12-29 |
DK150045C (en) | 1987-05-11 |
NO794195L (en) | 1980-06-24 |
AU512930B2 (en) | 1980-11-06 |
NO149751B (en) | 1984-03-05 |
DK150045B (en) | 1986-11-24 |
AU5206679A (en) | 1980-06-26 |
US4269510A (en) | 1981-05-26 |
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