EP0017100B1 - Method and device for supplying lubricant to a piston and cylinder arrangement - Google Patents

Method and device for supplying lubricant to a piston and cylinder arrangement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0017100B1
EP0017100B1 EP80101491A EP80101491A EP0017100B1 EP 0017100 B1 EP0017100 B1 EP 0017100B1 EP 80101491 A EP80101491 A EP 80101491A EP 80101491 A EP80101491 A EP 80101491A EP 0017100 B1 EP0017100 B1 EP 0017100B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lubricant
piston
cylinder
sealing element
pressure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP80101491A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0017100A3 (en
EP0017100A2 (en
Inventor
Bernhard Frey
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Hydrowatt Systems Ltd
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Hydrowatt Systems Ltd
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Publication date
Application filed by Hydrowatt Systems Ltd filed Critical Hydrowatt Systems Ltd
Priority to AT80101491T priority Critical patent/ATE12044T1/en
Publication of EP0017100A2 publication Critical patent/EP0017100A2/en
Publication of EP0017100A3 publication Critical patent/EP0017100A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0017100B1 publication Critical patent/EP0017100B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B43/00Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members
    • F04B43/08Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members having tubular flexible members
    • F04B43/084Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members having tubular flexible members the tubular member being deformed by stretching or distortion
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01MLUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M1/00Pressure lubrication
    • F01M1/16Controlling lubricant pressure or quantity

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for supplying lubricant according to the preamble of claim 1 and to an associated device according to the preamble of claim 4.
  • a method and a device of the aforementioned type are known from DE-A-2 554 733.
  • the known support of a tubular sealing element via a lubricant on a cylindrical support surface is carried out with lubricant supply even during the pressure working strokes, ie. H. the strokes with decreasing working space volume when pump is operating or with increasing working space volume when motor is operating.
  • the supply takes place, for example, by pressing in a quantity flow that is more or less independent of the counter pressure and then leaves the lubricant chamber via a throttle point in a low pressure chamber.
  • working pressure irrespective of the fluctuations in the pressure in the working space (hereinafter referred to as "working pressure"), a balance can be achieved between this and the pressure in the lubricant space, thus avoiding direct contact or mixed friction between the sealing element and the support surface.
  • working pressure a pressure in the working space
  • a pump pressure which is in any case above the maximum values of the working pressure, as well as a suitable control or regulation of the supply volume flow. This is associated with a comparatively high outlay.
  • lubricant supply devices for arrangements without a soft-elastic sealing element at all or without such for sealing a working space of a piston-cylinder arrangement are known. These devices are furthermore the present invention as the aforementioned prior art.
  • the FR-A is only a mechanical lubrication without lubricant support of a flexible sealing element on a working area of a piston-cylinder arrangement. Accordingly, there is no basis for sizing the lubricant supply pressure with respect to a working pressure as in the invention.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a method or a device for supplying lubricant to a piston-cylinder arrangement with a flexible sealing element of the type mentioned, which basically manages with a lower lubricant supply pressure with respect to the working pressure and does not control or regulate a constant flow rate in the Lubricant supply required.
  • the solution to this problem according to the invention is characterized in terms of the method and the device by the features specified in claim 1 and in claim 4.
  • a quantity of lubricant can be introduced into the lubricant space between the sealing element and the support surface with a comparatively low supply pressure in time intervals with a comparatively low working pressure, which, taking into account the throttled outflow, is sufficient for reliable support of the sealing element without contact or mixed friction on the support surface.
  • a backflow into the lower-pressure lubricant supply device is expediently prevented by a check valve arrangement, so that the required balance between the lubricant pressure and the working pressure on the sealing element can be established quickly.
  • the advantage of particular simplicity is that an at least approximately constant time profile of the lubricant supply pressure which is independent of the working strokes of the piston-cylinder arrangement can be provided.
  • this enables a common lubricant supply for a multiple-piston-cylinder arrangement with a corresponding plurality of sealing elements in a simple manner.
  • the lubricant supply pressure has a time course which is synchronous with respect to the periodic change in the working space of the piston-cylinder arrangement, with maximum values in working stroke ranges between the maximum values of the working pressure, i. H. at low working pressures.
  • Such an embodiment is particularly suitable for arrangements with only one sealing element or a small number of such elements, it being possible for a lubricant pump to be coupled to the drive of the piston-cylinder pair in question.
  • An essential formation of the device according to the invention is characterized in that the check valve arrangement has at least one valve member arranged in the area of the lubricant supply opening in the lubricant chamber.
  • This arrangement of the Ven valve member of the check valve arrangement results in a particularly low-inertia locking of the lubricant supply channel when the increase in working pressure begins.
  • very high working pressures which take into account the compressibility of the lubricant and the elastic resilience of the feed lines and other feed elements would require a significant relief of the entire feed device and avoid a reduction in the lubricant volume effective for the Ahstiit tion, thus securing the sealing element against contact with the unevenness of the lubricant feed opening and thus against damage .
  • a cylinder 1 as the first working member and a piston 2 as the second working member are connected to one another via a tubular sealing element 3, which is supported on a cylindrical support surface 4 of the first working member.
  • the support surface 4 forms a transition surface section 4a which is curved in a toroidal shape.
  • the connection area 3a is integrally connected, for example by vulcanization, to an intermediate ring 1a of the cylinder 1. In this connection area is the mouth of the lubricant supply, which is yet to be explained.
  • the sealing element is also cohesive, connected to a conical surface of the piston 2.
  • a helical compression spring 2a presses the shaft 2b, which is displaceably guided in the cylinder 1, downward against an oscillating drive member, so that the working space 5 formed within the sealing element is reduced during a movement according to arrow X.
  • the piston 2 assumes its lowest position with a maximum working volume.
  • the work space is connected by a cover 6 with feed and discharge line 6a to a valve arrangement (not shown) for a mode of operation of the device as a pump.
  • a gap-shaped lubricant chamber 3b of small radial thickness, the lubricant filling of which excludes contact between the sealing element and the support surface during the oscillating longitudinal expansion of the sealing element in accordance with the piston movement.
  • a motor unit 7 with a drive shaft 7a and cam 7b is provided, against which the piston shaft 2b is pressed against by the pressure unit 2a.
  • a lubricant supply device with a pump 8 is provided via a schematically indicated shaft 8a and a cam 8b coupled.
  • a check valve 8d can be inserted in the lubricant supply line 8c, but preferably the mouth 9 of the lubricant supply is provided with a low-inertia check valve member 15.
  • the lubricant supply mouth 9 is located on the underside of an annular body 10 provided with corresponding passage grooves, which forms the transition surface section 4a on its upper side.
  • the diagrams in FIG. 2 relate to an operation of the piston-cylinder arrangement as a pump, ie with a high working pressure with decreasing working space volume.
  • Diagram (a) shows the course of the stroke h A of the working piston 2 and the pump stroke h z of the lubricant supply pump over the time t. This method of operation corresponds to a synchronized lubricant supply in the working strokes with increasing work space volume.
  • the associated course of the lubricant supply pressure p z is indicated in curve B of diagram (b). This supply allows a comparatively low maximum supply pressure pzi.
  • the time course of the lubricant mass flow v z is indicated in curve B in diagram (c).
  • an asynchronous lubricant supply can be used, for example with an essentially constant supply pressure p zo according to line A in diagram (b).
  • p zo essentially constant supply pressure
  • FIG. 3a and 3b show the design of the lubricant supply mouth with check valve on the end face 10a of the ring body 10 in detail.
  • a radical channel 11 in the cylinder 1 a circumferential distributor groove 12 on the ring body 10 and a plurality of radial feed grooves 13 within the end face 10a are connected to the feed line 8c.
  • the radial feed grooves 13 open into an inner circumferential groove 14 between the ring body 10 and the cylinder 1, which acts as an end distributor for the lubricant supply into the gap 3b.
  • the mouth 9 itself is formed by a circumferential groove with a flat triangular cross section det, in which an annular, radially deformable valve member 15 is inserted.
  • the base side 15a of the ring cross section facing the sealing element 3 has a width b which is dimensioned substantially greater than the radial cross-sectional height d, so that rear side surfaces 15b of the ring are inclined at an acute angle to the cylindrical part of the support surface 4.
  • the annular valve member 15 is deformed radially inward, as is indicated by the broken line in FIG. 3a. This results in passage channels which open into the lubricant chamber 3b at an acute angle on the rear side surfaces 15b of the ring and which close again automatically when the working pressure is predominant and radially expand the ring outwards.
  • the annular valve member can optionally consist of a deformation-resistant but comparatively flexible material, in particular of a sliding-friendly plastic, so that small pressure differences are sufficient for rapid valve actuation and, in addition, only a slight stress on the surface of the sealing element occurs when it comes into contact with the valve member.
  • the low mass of the annular valve member also contributes to a low-inertia function.
  • annular extension 15c which extends in the circumferential direction and engages flush in the circumferential groove 14 and secures the valve member against axial displacement.
  • recesses 15d are provided in the annular extension 15c, which engage radially inwards in the region of the rear side surfaces 15b.
  • the lubricant can pass from the circumferential groove 14 into the passageways formed on the rear side surfaces 15b in the case of radial inward deformation when the radial inward deformation has only reached a small degree. This also contributes to a low-delay function of the check valve.
  • a circumferential distributor groove 22 as well as radical channels 23 and an end distributor groove 24 adjoin the feed line 8c and the radical channel 11 within the right end face of an annular body 20.
  • the transition surface section 4a is formed by an annular valve member 25, which is separated from the ring body 20 and is axially displaceable because of the deformability of the sealing element connecting region 3a and which closes the lubricant supply opening with its rear surface 25a when the working pressure exceeds the lubricant supply pressure.
  • the valve member 25 is axially displaced to the left in the sense of FIG. 4, the lower section of the rear surface 25a clears the passage into the lubricant chamber 3b.
  • the annular valve member 25 can also have a radial deformability instead of or possibly in addition to its axial displacement, which can be easily achieved by appropriate choice of material.
  • the cross section of the ring body can easily twist during the inward deformation in such a way that the inner edge region of the rear side surface 25a lifts off the cylinder, while the outer region of the ring continues to be supported. In this way, a slight deformation of the ring body is sufficient for the valve actuation.
  • an axially displaceable, annular valve member 35 is provided, which rests with its right end face 35a in the flowing state on a corresponding, flat end face of the cylinder 1 and is displaced to the left under the effect of the lubricant supply pressure for opening.
  • the valve member is fitted radially into a spacer ring 36, which has circumferential distributor grooves 32a and 32b on its right end face and radial channels 33 for the passage of the lubricant to the right end face of the valve member 35.
  • Such an embodiment is also particularly suitable for the use of non-deformable, wearable materials for the valve member 35.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Details Of Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Sealing Devices (AREA)
  • Lubrication Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur Schmiermittelzuführung nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 sowie auf eine zugehörige Einrichtung nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs4.The invention relates to a method for supplying lubricant according to the preamble of claim 1 and to an associated device according to the preamble of claim 4.

Ein Verfahren und eine Einrichtung der vorgenannten Art sind bekannt aus der DE-A-2 554 733. Die hieraus bekannte Abstützung eines schlauchförmigen Dichtungselementes über ein Schmiermittel an einer zylindrischen Stützfläche erfolgt mit Schmiermittelzuführung auch während der Druck-Arbeitshübe, d. h. der Hübe mit abnehmendem Arbeitsraumvolumen bei Pumpenbetrieb bzw. mit zunehmendem Arbeitsraumvolumen bei Motorbetrieb. Die Zuführung erfolgt beispielsweise durch Einpressen eines vom Gegendruck mehr oder weniger unabhängigen Mengenstromes, der den Schmiermittelraum anschließend über eine Drosselstelle in einen Niederdruckraum verläßt. Auf diese Weise läßt sich unabhängig von den Schwankungen des Druckes im Arbeitsraum (im folgenden kurz »Arbeitsdruck« genannt) ein Gleichgewicht zwischen diesem und dem Druck im Schmiermittelraum erzielen und damit eine unmittelbare Berührung oder Mischreibung zwischen Dichtungselement und Stützfläche vermeiden. Allerdings erfordert eine solche Schmiermittelzuführung einen Pumpendruck, der jedenfalls über den Maximalwerten des Arbeitsdruckes liegt, sowie eine geeignete Steuerung oder Regelung des Zuführ-Mengenstromes. Dies ist mit einem vergleichsweise hohen Aufwand verbunden.A method and a device of the aforementioned type are known from DE-A-2 554 733. The known support of a tubular sealing element via a lubricant on a cylindrical support surface is carried out with lubricant supply even during the pressure working strokes, ie. H. the strokes with decreasing working space volume when pump is operating or with increasing working space volume when motor is operating. The supply takes place, for example, by pressing in a quantity flow that is more or less independent of the counter pressure and then leaves the lubricant chamber via a throttle point in a low pressure chamber. In this way, irrespective of the fluctuations in the pressure in the working space (hereinafter referred to as "working pressure"), a balance can be achieved between this and the pressure in the lubricant space, thus avoiding direct contact or mixed friction between the sealing element and the support surface. However, such a lubricant supply requires a pump pressure, which is in any case above the maximum values of the working pressure, as well as a suitable control or regulation of the supply volume flow. This is associated with a comparatively high outlay.

Aus der CH-A-496 164 und der FR-A-2 131 687 sind Schmiermittelzuführungseinrichtungen für Anordnungen ohne weichelastisches Dichtungselement überhaupt bzw. ohne ein solches zur Abdichtung eines Arbeitsraumes einer Kolben-Zylinderanordnung bekannt. Diese Einrichtungen stehen der vorliegenden Erfindung also fernerals der vorgenannte Stand derTechnik.From CH-A-496 164 and FR-A-2 131 687, lubricant supply devices for arrangements without a soft-elastic sealing element at all or without such for sealing a working space of a piston-cylinder arrangement are known. These devices are furthermore the present invention as the aforementioned prior art.

Bei der CH-A-496164 wird nur Schmieröl in den Spalt zwischen Kolben und Zylinder eingespritzt, wenn die Einspritzdüse vom Kolben verdeckt ist, da das Schmieröl sonst frei in den Arbeitsraum austreten würde, was durch ein Ventil verhindert wird. Von einer Abstützung eines weichelastischen Dichtungselementes durch das in einem Raum enthaltene Schmiermittel und einer entsprechenden Nachfüll-Zuführung wie bei der Erfindung kann keine Rede sein.With the CH-A-496164, only lubricating oil is injected into the gap between the piston and the cylinder if the injection nozzle is covered by the piston, otherwise the lubricating oil would escape freely into the working area, which is prevented by a valve. There can be no question of a soft elastic sealing element being supported by the lubricant contained in a room and a corresponding refill supply as in the invention.

Bei der FR-A handelt es sich nur um eine Gleitringschmierung ohne Schmiermittelabstützung eines weichelastischen Dichtungselementes an einem Arbeitsraum einer Kolben-Zylinderanordnung. Demgemäß fehlt für eine Bemessung des Schmiermittel-Zuführdruckes in bezug auf einen Arbeitsdruck wie bei der Erfindung jegliche Grundlage.The FR-A is only a mechanical lubrication without lubricant support of a flexible sealing element on a working area of a piston-cylinder arrangement. Accordingly, there is no basis for sizing the lubricant supply pressure with respect to a working pressure as in the invention.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist daher die Schaffung eines Verfahrens bzw. einer Einrichtung zur Schmiermittelzuführung an einer Kolben-Zylinderanordnung mit nachgiebigem Dichtungselement der eingangs genannten Art, die grundsätzlich mit bezüglich des Arbeitsdruckes geringerem Schmiermittel-Zuführdruck auskommt und keiner Steuerung oder Regelung für einen konstanten Mengenstrom bei der Schmiermittelzuführung bedarf. Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung dieser Aufgabe kennzeichnet sich hinsichtlich des Verfahrens bzw. der Einrichtung durch die im Patentanspruch 1 bzw. im Patentanspruch 4 angegebenen Merkmale.The object of the invention is therefore to provide a method or a device for supplying lubricant to a piston-cylinder arrangement with a flexible sealing element of the type mentioned, which basically manages with a lower lubricant supply pressure with respect to the working pressure and does not control or regulate a constant flow rate in the Lubricant supply required. The solution to this problem according to the invention is characterized in terms of the method and the device by the features specified in claim 1 and in claim 4.

Zufolge dieser Lösung kann in Zeitintervallen mit vergleichsweise niedrigem Arbeitsdruck in den Schmiermittelraum zwischen Dichtungselement und Stützfläche mit vergleichsweise gerin gern Zuführdruck eine Schmiermittelmenge eingebracht werden, die unter Berücksichtigung der gedrosselten Abströmung für eine sichere Abstützung des Dichtungselementes ohne Berührung oder Mischreibung an der Stützfläche ausreicht. Dabei wird zweckmäßig eine Rückströmung in die mit niedrigerem Druck arbeitende Schmiermittel-Zuführvorrichtung durch eine Rückschlagventilanordnung verhindert, so daß sich das erforderliche Gleichgewicht zwischen Schmiermitteldruck und Arbeitsdruck am Dichtungselement rasch einstellen kann.As a result of this solution, a quantity of lubricant can be introduced into the lubricant space between the sealing element and the support surface with a comparatively low supply pressure in time intervals with a comparatively low working pressure, which, taking into account the throttled outflow, is sufficient for reliable support of the sealing element without contact or mixed friction on the support surface. A backflow into the lower-pressure lubricant supply device is expediently prevented by a check valve arrangement, so that the required balance between the lubricant pressure and the working pressure on the sealing element can be established quickly.

Gemäß einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung kann mit dem Vorteil besonderer Einfachheit ein von den Arbeitshüben der Kolben-Zylinderanordnung unabhängiger, wenigstens annähernd konstanter Zeitverlauf des Schmiermittel-Zuführdruckes vorgesehen werden. Dies ermöglicht insbesondere in einfacher Weise eine gemeinsame Schmiermittelzuführung für eine Mehrfach-Kolben-Zylinderanordnung mit einer entsprechenden Mehrzahl von Dichtungselementen.According to a development of the invention, the advantage of particular simplicity is that an at least approximately constant time profile of the lubricant supply pressure which is independent of the working strokes of the piston-cylinder arrangement can be provided. In particular, this enables a common lubricant supply for a multiple-piston-cylinder arrangement with a corresponding plurality of sealing elements in a simple manner.

Umgekehrt sieht eine andere Weiterbildung der Erfindung vor, daß der Schmiermittel-Zuführdruck einen bezüglich der periodischen Arbeitsraumveränderung der Kolben-Zylinderanordnung synchronen Zeitverlauf mit Maximalwerten in Arbeitshubbereichen zwischen den Maximalwerten des Arbeitsdruckes, d. h. bei niedrigen Arbeitsdrücken aufweist. Eine solche Ausführung bietet sich vor allem für Anordnungen mit nur einem Dichtungselement oder einer geringen Anzahl solcher Elemente an, wobei jeweils eine Schmiermittelpumpe mit dem Antrieb der betreffenden Kolben-Zylinderpaarung gekoppelt werden kann.Conversely, another development of the invention provides that the lubricant supply pressure has a time course which is synchronous with respect to the periodic change in the working space of the piston-cylinder arrangement, with maximum values in working stroke ranges between the maximum values of the working pressure, i. H. at low working pressures. Such an embodiment is particularly suitable for arrangements with only one sealing element or a small number of such elements, it being possible for a lubricant pump to be coupled to the drive of the piston-cylinder pair in question.

Eine wesentliche Bildung der erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung kennzeichnet sich dadurch, daß die Rückschlagventilanordnung wenigstens ein im Bereich der Schmiermittelzuführmündung in den Schmiermittelraum angeordnetes Ventilglied aufweist. Durch diese Anordnung des Ven tilgliedes der Rückschlagventilanordnung ergibt sich eine besonders trägheitsarme Sperrung des Schmiermittel-Zuführkanals bei Einsetzen der Erhöhung des Arbeitsdruckes. Vor allem bei sehr hohen Arbeitsdrücken, die eine Berücksichtigung der Kompressibilität des Schmiermittels und der elastischen Nachgiebigkeit der Zuführleitungen und anderer Zuführorgane erforderlich machen würden, bedeutet dies eine wesentliche Entlastung der gesamten Zuführvorrichtung und vermeidet eine Verminderung des für die Ahstiit zung wirksamen Schmiemittelvolumons, sichert also das Dichtungselement gegen Berührung mit den Unebenheiten der Schmiermittel-Zuführmündung und damit gegen Beschädigung.An essential formation of the device according to the invention is characterized in that the check valve arrangement has at least one valve member arranged in the area of the lubricant supply opening in the lubricant chamber. This arrangement of the Ven valve member of the check valve arrangement results in a particularly low-inertia locking of the lubricant supply channel when the increase in working pressure begins. Especially at very high working pressures, which take into account the compressibility of the lubricant and the elastic resilience of the feed lines and other feed elements would require a significant relief of the entire feed device and avoid a reduction in the lubricant volume effective for the Ahstiit tion, thus securing the sealing element against contact with the unevenness of the lubricant feed opening and thus against damage .

Die Erfindung wird weiter anhand der in den Zeichnungen dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele erläutert. Hierin zeigt

  • Fig. 1 eine Kolben-Zylinderanordnung mit schlauchförmigem Dichtungselement und schematisch angedeuteter Antriebs- und Schmiermittel-Zuführvorrichtung,
  • Fig. 2 in drei Diagrammen (a), (b) und (c) den Verlauf verschiedener für die Schmiermittelzuführung wesentlicher Betriebsgrößen der Kolben-Zylinderanordnung,
  • Fig. 3a, Fig. 3b in größerem Maßstab einen Axialschnitt bzw. Queraxialschnitt des Anschlußbereiches eines Dichtungsschlauches an einen Arbeitszylinder mit Rückschlagventilanordnung und
  • Fig. 4, Fig.5 5 je einen Axialschnitt eines Dichtungsschlauch-Anschlußbereiches mit zwei abgewandelten Ausführungen von Rückschlagventilanordnungen.
The invention is further explained on the basis of the exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawings. Here shows
  • 1 shows a piston-cylinder arrangement with a tubular sealing element and a schematically indicated drive and lubricant supply device,
  • 2 in three diagrams (a), (b) and (c) the course of various operating variables of the piston-cylinder arrangement which are essential for the supply of lubricant,
  • Fig. 3a, Fig. 3b on an enlarged scale an axial section or transverse axial section of the connection area of a sealing hose to a working cylinder with check valve arrangement and
  • Fig. 4, Fig.5 5 each an axial section of a sealing hose connection area with two modified versions of check valve assemblies.

Bei der Anordnung nach Fig. 1 sind ein Zylinder 1 als erstes Arbeitsglied und ein Kolben 2 als zweites Arbeitsglied über ein schlauchförmiges Dichtungselement 3 miteinander verbunden, das sich an einer zylindrischen Stützfläche 4 des ersten Arbeitsgliedes abstützt. Im radialverstärkten Anschlußbereich 3a des Dichtungselementes 3 an den Zylinder 1 bildet die Stützfläche 4 einen toroidförmig nach außen gekrümmten Übergangs-Oberflächenabschnitt 4a. Der Anschlußbereich 3a ist stoffschlüssig, beispielsweise durch Vulkanisation, mit einem Zwischenring 1a des Zylinders 1 verbunden. In diesem Anschlußbereich befindet sich die Mündung der noch zu erläuternden Schmiermittelzuführung. Am entgegengesetzten Ende ist das Dichtungselement ebenfalls stoffschlüssig, mit einer Kegelfläche des Kolbens 2 verbunden. Eine Schrauben-Druckfeder 2a drückt den im Zylinder 1 verschiebbar geführten Schaft 2b nach unten gegen ein oszillierendes Antriebsglied, so daß der innerhalb des Dichtungselementes gebildete Arbeitsraum 5 bei einer Bewegung gemäß Pfeil X verkleinert wird. In der Darstellung nimmt der Kolben 2 seine unterste Stellung bei maximalem Arbeitsvolumen ein. Nach oben ist der Arbeitsraum durch einen Deckel 6 mit Zuführ- und Ausstoßleitung 6a zu einer nicht dargestellten Ventilanordnung für eine Arbeitsweise der Einrichtung als Pumpe verbunden. Zwischen dem Dichtungselement 3 und der Stützwandung 4 befindet sich ein spaltförmiger Schmiermittelraum 3b geringer radialer Dicke, dessen Schmiermittelfüllung eine Berührung zwischen Dichtungselement und Stützfläche bei der oszillierenden Längsdehnung des Dichtungselementes entsprechend der Kolbenbewegung ausschließt. Als Antrieb für die Kolbenbewegung ist ein Motoraggregat 7 mit Antriebswelle 7a und Nocken 7b vorgesehen, gegen welch letzteren der Kolbenschaft 2b durch die Druckfodor 2a angoproßt wird Mit dem Mo toraggregat 7 ist lemer eine Schmiermittel Zuführvorrichtung mit einer Pumpe 8 über eine schematisch angedeutete Welle 8a und einem Nocken 8b gekoppelt. In der Schmiermittel-Zuführleitung 8c kann beispielsweise ein Rückschlagventil 8d eingefügt werden, jedoch ist vorzugsweise die Mündung 9 der Schmiermittelzuführung mit einem trägheitsarm wirkenden Rückschlag-Ventilglied 15 versehen. Die Schmiermittel-Zuführmündung 9 befindet sich an der mit entsprechenden Durchlaßnuten versehenen Unterseite eines Ringkörpers 10, der an seiner Oberseite den Übergangs-Oberflächenabschnitt 4a bildet. Bei der oszillierenden Dehnung des Dichtungselementes werden die Zugkräfte innerhalb des Dichtungsmaterials durch die Krümmung dieses Oberflächenabschnitts nach außen umgelenkt und auf die stoffschlüssige Verbindung zum Zwischenring 1 a verteilt.In the arrangement according to FIG. 1, a cylinder 1 as the first working member and a piston 2 as the second working member are connected to one another via a tubular sealing element 3, which is supported on a cylindrical support surface 4 of the first working member. In the radially reinforced connection area 3a of the sealing element 3 to the cylinder 1, the support surface 4 forms a transition surface section 4a which is curved in a toroidal shape. The connection area 3a is integrally connected, for example by vulcanization, to an intermediate ring 1a of the cylinder 1. In this connection area is the mouth of the lubricant supply, which is yet to be explained. At the opposite end, the sealing element is also cohesive, connected to a conical surface of the piston 2. A helical compression spring 2a presses the shaft 2b, which is displaceably guided in the cylinder 1, downward against an oscillating drive member, so that the working space 5 formed within the sealing element is reduced during a movement according to arrow X. In the illustration, the piston 2 assumes its lowest position with a maximum working volume. At the top, the work space is connected by a cover 6 with feed and discharge line 6a to a valve arrangement (not shown) for a mode of operation of the device as a pump. Between the sealing element 3 and the support wall 4 there is a gap-shaped lubricant chamber 3b of small radial thickness, the lubricant filling of which excludes contact between the sealing element and the support surface during the oscillating longitudinal expansion of the sealing element in accordance with the piston movement. As a drive for the piston movement, a motor unit 7 with a drive shaft 7a and cam 7b is provided, against which the piston shaft 2b is pressed against by the pressure unit 2a. With the motor unit 7, a lubricant supply device with a pump 8 is provided via a schematically indicated shaft 8a and a cam 8b coupled. For example, a check valve 8d can be inserted in the lubricant supply line 8c, but preferably the mouth 9 of the lubricant supply is provided with a low-inertia check valve member 15. The lubricant supply mouth 9 is located on the underside of an annular body 10 provided with corresponding passage grooves, which forms the transition surface section 4a on its upper side. During the oscillating expansion of the sealing element, the tensile forces within the sealing material are deflected outwards by the curvature of this surface section and distributed over the integral connection to the intermediate ring 1 a.

Die Diagramme in Fig. 2 beziehen sich auf einen Betrieb der Kolbenzylinder-Anordnung als Pumpe, d. h. mit hohem Arbeitsdruck bei abnehmendem Arbeitsraumvolumen. Im Diagramm (a) ist der Verlauf des Hubes hA des Arbeitskolbens 2 und des Pumpenhubes hz der Schmiermittel-Zuführpumpe über der Zeit t angedeutet. Diese Arbeitsweise entspricht einer synchronisierten Schmiermittelzuführung in den Arbeitshüben mit zunehmendem Arbeitsraumvolumen. Der zugehörige Verlauf des Schmiermittel-Zuführdruckes pz ist in der Kurve B des Diagrammes (b) angedeutet. Diese Zuführung erlaubt einen vergleichsweise geringen Maximal-Zuführdruck pzi. Der Zeitverlauf des Schmiermittel-Mengenstromes vz ist im Diagramm (c) in der Kurve B angedeutet. Andererseits kann mit den in der Einleitung erwähnten Vorteilen eine asynchronische Schmiermittelzuführung angewendet werden, beispielsweise mit einem im wesentlichen konstanten Zuführdruck pzo gemäß Linie A im Diagramm (b). Auch hier ergibt sich eine Schmiermitteleindringung in den Raum 3b der Anordnung nach Fig. 1 im Bereich der Arbeitshübe mit zunehmendem Arbeitsraumvolumen, d. h. bei geringem Arbeitsdruck, mit einem Mengenstrom vzgemäß Kurve A im Diagramm (c).The diagrams in FIG. 2 relate to an operation of the piston-cylinder arrangement as a pump, ie with a high working pressure with decreasing working space volume. Diagram (a) shows the course of the stroke h A of the working piston 2 and the pump stroke h z of the lubricant supply pump over the time t. This method of operation corresponds to a synchronized lubricant supply in the working strokes with increasing work space volume. The associated course of the lubricant supply pressure p z is indicated in curve B of diagram (b). This supply allows a comparatively low maximum supply pressure pzi. The time course of the lubricant mass flow v z is indicated in curve B in diagram (c). On the other hand, with the advantages mentioned in the introduction, an asynchronous lubricant supply can be used, for example with an essentially constant supply pressure p zo according to line A in diagram (b). Here, too, there is a penetration of lubricant into the space 3b of the arrangement according to FIG. 1 in the area of the working strokes with increasing working space volume, ie at low working pressure, with a volume flow according to curve A in diagram (c).

In Fig.3a und 3b ist die Ausbildung der Schmiermittel-Zuführmündung mit Rückschlagventil an der Stirnfläche 10a des Ringkörpers 10 im einzelnen dargestellt. An die Zuführleitung 8c schließt sich ein Radikalkanal 11 im Zylinder 1 sowie eine Umfangs-Verteilernut 12 am Ringkörper 10 und weiter eine Mehrzahl von radialen Zuführnuten 13 innerhalb der Stirnfläche 10a an. Die radialen Zuführnuten 13 münden in eine innere Umfangsnut 14 zwischen Ringkörper 10 und Zylinder 1, die als Endverteiler für die Schmiermittelzuführung in den Spaltraum 3b wirkt. Die Mündung 9 selbst wird durch eine im Querschnitt flach-dreieckförmige Umfangsnut gebildet, in die ein ringförmiges, radial verformbares Ventilglied 15 eingesetzt ist. Die dem Dichtungselement 3 zugewandte Basisseite 15a des Ringquerschnitts weist eine Breite b auf, die wesentlich größer als die radiale Querschnittshöhe d bemessen ist, so daß sich gegen den zylindrischen Teil der Stützfläche 4 spitzwinklig geneigte Rückseitenflächen 15b des Ringes ergeben. Sobald der Schmiermittel-Zuführdruck den auf die Innenseite des Dichtungselementes wirkenden Arbeitsdruck ausreichend übersteigt, wird das ringförmige Ventilglied 15 radial einwärts verformt, wie dies in Fig. 3a strichliert angedeutet ist. Damit ergeben sich an den Rückseitenflächen 15b des Ringes spitzwinklig in den Schmiermittelraum 3b einmündende Durchlaßkanäle, die sich bei Überwiegen des Arbeitsdruckes selbsttätig unter radialer Auswärtsdehnung des Ringes wieder verschließen. Das ringförmige Ventilglied kann gegebenenfalls aus verformungssteifem, jedoch vergleichsweise nachgiebigem Material, insbesondere aus einem gleitfreundlichen Kunststoff bestehen, so daß geringe Druckdifferenzen für eine rasche Ventilbetätigung ausreichen und außerdem nur eine geringe Beanspruchung der Oberfläche des Dichtungselementes durch Berührung mit dem Ventilglied auftritt. Auch die geringe Masse des ringförmigen Ventilgliedes trägt zu einer trägheitsarmen Funktion bei.3a and 3b show the design of the lubricant supply mouth with check valve on the end face 10a of the ring body 10 in detail. A radical channel 11 in the cylinder 1, a circumferential distributor groove 12 on the ring body 10 and a plurality of radial feed grooves 13 within the end face 10a are connected to the feed line 8c. The radial feed grooves 13 open into an inner circumferential groove 14 between the ring body 10 and the cylinder 1, which acts as an end distributor for the lubricant supply into the gap 3b. The mouth 9 itself is formed by a circumferential groove with a flat triangular cross section det, in which an annular, radially deformable valve member 15 is inserted. The base side 15a of the ring cross section facing the sealing element 3 has a width b which is dimensioned substantially greater than the radial cross-sectional height d, so that rear side surfaces 15b of the ring are inclined at an acute angle to the cylindrical part of the support surface 4. As soon as the lubricant supply pressure sufficiently exceeds the working pressure acting on the inside of the sealing element, the annular valve member 15 is deformed radially inward, as is indicated by the broken line in FIG. 3a. This results in passage channels which open into the lubricant chamber 3b at an acute angle on the rear side surfaces 15b of the ring and which close again automatically when the working pressure is predominant and radially expand the ring outwards. The annular valve member can optionally consist of a deformation-resistant but comparatively flexible material, in particular of a sliding-friendly plastic, so that small pressure differences are sufficient for rapid valve actuation and, in addition, only a slight stress on the surface of the sealing element occurs when it comes into contact with the valve member. The low mass of the annular valve member also contributes to a low-inertia function.

An der Außenseite des ringförmigen Ventilgliedes 15 ist ein in Umfangsrichtung verlaufender, ringförmiger Ansatz 15c vorgesehen, der in die Umfangsnut 14 bündig eingreift und das Ventilglied gegen Axialverschiebung sichert. Wie aus Fig. 3b ersichtlich ist, sind in dem ringförmigen Ansatz 15c Aussparungen 15d vorgesehen, die radial einwärts in den Bereich der Rückseitenflächen 15b eingreifen. Infolgedessen kann das Schmiermittel aus der Umfangsnut 14 in die an den Rückseitenflächen 15b bei radialer Einwärtsverformung gebildeten Durchlaßkanäle gelangen, wenn die radiale Einwärtsverformung erst ein geringes Maß erreicht hat. Auch dies trägt zu einer verzögerungsarmen Funktion des Rückschlagventils bei.Provided on the outside of the annular valve member 15 is an annular extension 15c which extends in the circumferential direction and engages flush in the circumferential groove 14 and secures the valve member against axial displacement. As can be seen from FIG. 3b, recesses 15d are provided in the annular extension 15c, which engage radially inwards in the region of the rear side surfaces 15b. As a result, the lubricant can pass from the circumferential groove 14 into the passageways formed on the rear side surfaces 15b in the case of radial inward deformation when the radial inward deformation has only reached a small degree. This also contributes to a low-delay function of the check valve.

Bei der Ausführung des Rückschlagventils nach Fig. 4 schließen sich an die Zuführleitung 8c und den Radikalkanal 11 eine Umfangs-Verteilernut 22 sowie Radikalkanäle 23 und eine Endverteilernut 24 innerhalb der rechten Stirnfläche eines Ringkörpers 20 an. Der Übergangs-Oberflächenabschnitt 4a wird durch ein vom Ringkörper 20 getrenntes, wegen der Verformbarkeit des Dichtungselement-Anschlußbereichs 3a axial verschiebbares, ringförmiges Ventilglied 25 gebildet, das mit seiner Rückseitenfläche 25a die Schmiermittel-Zuführmündung verschließt, wenn der Arbeitsdruck den Schmiermittel-Zuführdruck übersteigt. Bei Axialverschiebung des Ventilgliedes 25 nach links im Sinne von Fig. 4 gibt der untere Abschnitt der Rückseitenfläche 25a den Durchtritt in den Schmiermittelraum 3b frei. Auch hier ergibt sich wieder eine spitzwinklige Einmündung der Schmiermittelströmung bezüglich des zylindrischen Teils der Stützfläche 4, was zu einer gleichmäßigen und raschen Verteilung des Schmiermittels beiträgt.4, a circumferential distributor groove 22 as well as radical channels 23 and an end distributor groove 24 adjoin the feed line 8c and the radical channel 11 within the right end face of an annular body 20. The transition surface section 4a is formed by an annular valve member 25, which is separated from the ring body 20 and is axially displaceable because of the deformability of the sealing element connecting region 3a and which closes the lubricant supply opening with its rear surface 25a when the working pressure exceeds the lubricant supply pressure. When the valve member 25 is axially displaced to the left in the sense of FIG. 4, the lower section of the rear surface 25a clears the passage into the lubricant chamber 3b. Here, too, there is an acute-angled junction of the lubricant flow with respect to the cylindrical part of the support surface 4, which contributes to a uniform and rapid distribution of the lubricant.

Das ringförmige Ventilglied 25 kann im übrigen anstelle oder gegebenenfalls zusätzlich zu seiner Axialverschiebbarkeit eine radikale Verformbarkeit aufweisen, was durch entsprechende Materialauswahl ohne weiteres erreichbar ist. Bei der Einwärtsverformung kann sich der Querschnitt des Ringkörpers im Falle der Ausführung nach Fig. 4 leicht so verdrehen, daß der innere Kantenbereich der Rückseitenfläche 25a vom Zylinder abhebt, während sich der äußere Bereich des Ringes weiterhin abstützt. Auf diese Weise genügt eine geringe Verformung des Ringkörpers für die Ventilbetätigung.The annular valve member 25 can also have a radial deformability instead of or possibly in addition to its axial displacement, which can be easily achieved by appropriate choice of material. In the case of the embodiment according to FIG. 4, the cross section of the ring body can easily twist during the inward deformation in such a way that the inner edge region of the rear side surface 25a lifts off the cylinder, while the outer region of the ring continues to be supported. In this way, a slight deformation of the ring body is sufficient for the valve actuation.

Bei der Ausführung nach Fig. 5 ist ein axial verschiebbares, ringförmiges Ventilglied 35 vorgesehen, das mit seiner rechten Stirnfläche 35a im Fließzustand an einer entsprechenden, ebenen Stirnfläche des Zylinders 1 anliegt und unter der Wirkung des Schmiermittel-Zuführdruckes zum Öffnen nach links verschoben wird. Dazu ist das Ventilglied radial in einen Distanzring 36 eingepaßt, der an seiner rechten Stirnfläche Umfangs-Verteilernuten 32a und 32b sowie Radialkanäle 33 für den Durchlaß des Schmiermittels zur rechten Stirnfläche des Ventilgliedes 35 auf weist. Eine solche Ausführung kommt insbeson-dere auch für die Verwendung von nicht verformbaren, verschleißfähigen Materialien für das Ventilglied 35 in Betracht.5, an axially displaceable, annular valve member 35 is provided, which rests with its right end face 35a in the flowing state on a corresponding, flat end face of the cylinder 1 and is displaced to the left under the effect of the lubricant supply pressure for opening. For this purpose, the valve member is fitted radially into a spacer ring 36, which has circumferential distributor grooves 32a and 32b on its right end face and radial channels 33 for the passage of the lubricant to the right end face of the valve member 35. Such an embodiment is also particularly suitable for the use of non-deformable, wearable materials for the valve member 35.

Claims (9)

1. Method for lubricant feed on a piston-cylinder assembly in which at least one piston (2) is mounted capable of displacement in a cylinder (1), the working chamber (5) being hermetically sealed by means of a pliable sealing element (3) disposed between and connected to the piston and the cylinder, this sealing element being supported via a lubricant present in a lubricant space (3b) against a supporting surface (4) on the cylinder or piston, the lubricant flowing through this space (3b), characterized in that the lubricant feed into said lubricant space (3b) takes place
a) with a periodically varying mass flow rate,
b) at least predominantly between the maximum values of the working pressure prevailing in the working chamber (5), and
c) at a pressure which is lower in relation to the maximum working pressure value,

and that
d) the backflow of lubricant from the lubricant space (3b) into the lubricant feed is prevented by a non-return device provided in this latter.
2. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the lubricant feed into the lubricant space takes place at a feed pressure (pz) having a time behaviour (A) being non-synchronous in relation to the working pressure (PA) of the piston-cylinder assembly, and being substantially uniform, with a maximum value (pzo) which is lower in relation to the maximum working pressure values (PAl).
3. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the lubricant feed pressure (pz) has a synchronous time behaviour (b) in relation to the periodic variation of the working chamber of the piston-cylinder assembly, with maximum values (pZ1) in working stroke ranges between the maximum values of the working pressure.
4. Device for performing the method according to Claim 1 for feeding lubricant in a piston-cylinder assembly, in which at least one piston (2) is mounted capable of displacement in a cylinder (1), the working chamber (5) being hermetically sealed by means of a pliable sealing element (3) disposed between and connected to said piston and said cylinder, said sealing element being supported via a lubricant present in the lubricant space (3b) against a supporting surface (4) on the cylinder or the piston, the lubricant flowing through said space (3b), characterized in that said non-return device comprises at least one valve element (15, 25, 35) disposed in the region of the lubricant feed orifice (9) in said lubricant space (3b).
5. Device according to Claim 4, characterized in that at least one annular valve element (15, 25, 35) is provided, which is radially deformable under the effect of the lubricant feed pressure or the working pressure, and which preferably engages in a lubricant feed orifice (9) which is in the form of an annular groove in said supporting surface (4).
6. Device according to Claim 5, characterized in that the annular valve element (15) presents a substantially triangular cross-section with a base side (15a) directed towards the sealing element (3) and with a low cross-sectional height (d) in relation to the base width (b).
7. Device according to Claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the, annular valve element (15) comprises on its rear side directed away from the sealing element (3) at least one axial locking element (15c) which engages in a corresponding recess (14) of a solid body on the supporting surface side, and which is preferably in the form of an annular projection (15c) interrupted by recesses.
8. Device according to Claim 4, in which the supporting surface (4) in the region of the connection (3a) between the sealing element (3) and the piston or cylinder (1) comprises an, at least in sections, conical or toroidal transitional surface section (4a), characterized in that at least a part of said transitional surface section (4a) is formed by an annular valve element (25, 35) disposed in the region of the lubricant feed orifice, which valve element can be axially displaced and/or radially deformed for the purpose of opening or closing this orifice.
9. Device according to Claim 8, characterized in that the rear side of the annular valve element (25) directed towards the lubricant feed is in the form of a conical surface section (25a) forming an acute-angled transition to a cylindrical section of the supporting surface (4).
EP80101491A 1979-04-06 1980-03-21 Method and device for supplying lubricant to a piston and cylinder arrangement Expired EP0017100B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT80101491T ATE12044T1 (en) 1979-04-06 1980-03-21 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR LUBRICATION SUPPLY ON A PISTON-CYLINDER ASSEMBLY.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH3262/79 1979-04-06
CH326279A CH642145A5 (en) 1979-04-06 1979-04-06 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DELIVERING LUBRICANTS TO A PISTON-CYLINDER ARRANGEMENT.

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0017100A2 EP0017100A2 (en) 1980-10-15
EP0017100A3 EP0017100A3 (en) 1981-01-07
EP0017100B1 true EP0017100B1 (en) 1985-03-06

Family

ID=4252169

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP80101491A Expired EP0017100B1 (en) 1979-04-06 1980-03-21 Method and device for supplying lubricant to a piston and cylinder arrangement

Country Status (15)

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US (1) US4384510A (en)
EP (1) EP0017100B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS55139594A (en)
AR (1) AR223868A1 (en)
AT (1) ATE12044T1 (en)
AU (1) AU540832B2 (en)
BR (1) BR8002065A (en)
CH (1) CH642145A5 (en)
CS (1) CS258459B2 (en)
DD (1) DD150102A5 (en)
DE (1) DE3070250D1 (en)
HU (1) HU182116B (en)
MX (1) MX153130A (en)
PL (1) PL130978B1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA801966B (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6022195B2 (en) * 1982-01-22 1985-05-31 義一 山谷 High pressure fluid generator
DE102004027511A1 (en) * 2004-06-04 2005-12-22 Robert Bosch Gmbh Leak-free piston pump
DE102013014930A1 (en) * 2013-09-11 2015-03-12 Man Truck & Bus Ag Control valve for a lubricant nozzle

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB185815A (en) * 1921-06-06 1922-09-06 Haruo Hidaka Improvements relating to stuffing boxes for compressor piston rods and the like, and to oil pressure supply apparatus therefor
US2027979A (en) * 1934-07-14 1936-01-14 Kellogg M W Co Boot pump
US2191861A (en) * 1939-01-12 1940-02-27 Theodore R Rymal Pump
US3212447A (en) * 1962-10-23 1965-10-19 Laval Turbine Pumps
US3453995A (en) * 1965-06-11 1969-07-08 Mack Trucks Piston cooling and lubrication system
DE1912171A1 (en) * 1969-03-11 1970-11-12 Voegele Ag J Lubrication system, especially for stroke cycle lubrication in piston engines
AT295019B (en) * 1969-11-11 1971-12-27 Pier Luigi Panigati Piston-cylinder arrangement for pressure media
US3685840A (en) * 1971-03-29 1972-08-22 Dresser Ind Packing for compressors, pumps or the like
US3769879A (en) * 1971-12-09 1973-11-06 A Lofquist Self-compensating diaphragm pump
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DE2747843C3 (en) * 1977-10-26 1980-07-03 Woma Apparatebau Wolfgang Maasberg & Co Gmbh, 4100 Duisburg Piston pump, especially high-pressure piston pump in horizontal design

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AR223868A1 (en) 1981-09-30
ZA801966B (en) 1981-04-29
MX153130A (en) 1986-08-08
AU5717180A (en) 1980-10-09
CH642145A5 (en) 1984-03-30
PL130978B1 (en) 1984-09-29
DD150102A5 (en) 1981-08-12
EP0017100A3 (en) 1981-01-07
DE3070250D1 (en) 1985-04-11
CS258459B2 (en) 1988-08-16
HU182116B (en) 1983-12-28
ATE12044T1 (en) 1985-03-15
BR8002065A (en) 1980-11-25
EP0017100A2 (en) 1980-10-15
US4384510A (en) 1983-05-24
AU540832B2 (en) 1984-12-06
JPS6365829B2 (en) 1988-12-16
JPS55139594A (en) 1980-10-31
PL223294A1 (en) 1981-01-16

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