EP0016983B1 - Puffer-type gas circuit breaker - Google Patents

Puffer-type gas circuit breaker Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0016983B1
EP0016983B1 EP80101074A EP80101074A EP0016983B1 EP 0016983 B1 EP0016983 B1 EP 0016983B1 EP 80101074 A EP80101074 A EP 80101074A EP 80101074 A EP80101074 A EP 80101074A EP 0016983 B1 EP0016983 B1 EP 0016983B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
breaker
gas
rated
contact
stationary
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP80101074A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0016983A1 (en
Inventor
Günter Mittelbach
Werner Heiss
Günter Horstmann
Dietrich Hoffmann
Günter Siebrecht
Günter Rapp
Karl Dr. Kriechbaum
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Licentia Patent Verwaltungs GmbH
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Licentia Patent Verwaltungs GmbH
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Priority claimed from DE19792909264 external-priority patent/DE2909264A1/en
Priority claimed from DE2909270A external-priority patent/DE2909270C2/en
Priority claimed from DE19792942627 external-priority patent/DE2942627A1/en
Priority claimed from DE19792942626 external-priority patent/DE2942626A1/en
Priority claimed from DE19792942625 external-priority patent/DE2942625A1/en
Priority claimed from DE19792942624 external-priority patent/DE2942624A1/en
Application filed by Licentia Patent Verwaltungs GmbH filed Critical Licentia Patent Verwaltungs GmbH
Publication of EP0016983A1 publication Critical patent/EP0016983A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0016983B1 publication Critical patent/EP0016983B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H33/91—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism the arc-extinguishing fluid being air or gas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/36—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by sliding
    • H01H1/38—Plug-and-socket contacts
    • H01H1/385—Contact arrangements for high voltage gas blast circuit breakers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an autopneumatic gas pressure switch according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a pressure gas switch is already known from DE-A1-26 27 948, in which the predominant part of the arc cloud, the plasma, is conveyed out of the insulating nozzle into the space between the insulating nozzle and the fixed mating contact of the switching path. Because of the smaller energy compared to arcing in air, this simple quenching arrangement enables currents of up to approximately 63 kA to be controlled at voltages of 140 kV per switching path.
  • the plasma located in the space between the insulating nozzle and mating contact acts in such a way that transient voltages with large voltage values can no longer be maintained, because plasma between the conductive surfaces of the moving parts of the switching section pump and the fixed contact piece of the switching section provides the possibility of re-ignition given is.
  • a pressure gas circuit breaker with a fixed contact piece and a movable pipe contact piece mounted in a fixed guide is known.
  • the movable pipe contact piece is coupled to the movable part of a blowing device and is provided with outflow bores running transversely to its longitudinal axis.
  • the switch has an insulating material nozzle which tightly surrounds the fixed contact piece in the switch-on position and can be axially displaced together with the pipe contact piece and which releases the compressed extinguishing gas stream after a predetermined switch-off distance.
  • the outflow bores in the movable pipe contact piece only overlap with the outflow openings in the guide when the insulating material nozzle clears the fixed contact piece.
  • a fixed main contact surrounding the fixed contact piece interacts with its lower inner side facing the blower device with a movable main contact which is fastened to the cylinder of the blower device via a holder.
  • the main contacts and the contact pieces are not fully protected against arc fission products. These fission products adversely affect the quality of the contacts and, since they also get into the compression cylinder, are blown back into the extinguishing section the next time they are switched off. As a result, the switch-off conditions are disadvantageously considerably deteriorated.
  • the disadvantages described above also have a gas pressure switch, which is known from DE-A2-2 406 150.
  • the gas pressure switch has a fixed contact piece and a movable contact piece which is surrounded by a blowing nozzle which can be moved together.
  • the blow nozzle is connected on the inlet side to a compression space for an extinguishing gas which can be pressurized by the switch-off movement.
  • the switch is provided with an electrically conductive shielding body which is guided along the fixed contact piece and which can be displaced by means of the blowing nozzle during the switch-on movement from its position surrounding the fixed contact piece in the switched-off position.
  • a blow-through jacket space is provided between the fixed contact piece and the shielding body, whose inner diameter on the inlet side is practically aligned with a blowing cone formed by the outlet diffuser of the blowing nozzle.
  • the shielding body can be a ring which is coaxial with the fixed contact piece and is suspended on rods which extend away from the movable contact piece.
  • the shielding body is not able to completely protect neither the contact pieces nor a contact sleeve which surrounds the blowing nozzle in an annular manner and which interacts with fixed, resiliently arranged light contact pieces against fission products of the extinguishing gas.
  • the object of the invention is to create an autopneumatic gas pressure switch in which the power contacts are largely protected and the nominal current contacts which may be present are completely protected against arc fission products of the extinguishing gas.
  • Embodiments of the invention are described in the dependent claims 2 to 20, wherein the autopneumatic gas pressure switch according to claim 2 has a parallel nominal current path in addition to a power current path.
  • the gas space, in which the arc cloud and the fixed power contact are located is advantageously separated directly from the other spaces, in which the conductive surfaces of the moving contact system are located, so that the ability to re-ignite is greatly reduced reduces, ie the dielectric strength is greatly increased. It is therefore not the individual parts that are shielded individually, but rather the gas space in which the arc cloud is located.
  • a nominal current path is provided in addition to the power contacts between which the arc burns, a nominal current path is provided in order to increase the nominal current
  • the arrangement is expediently such that the contact transition point between the contact pieces of the nominal current path with respect to the arc radiation and the main part of the fission products is shielded.
  • the shielding cylinder is an insulating tube
  • the contact pieces of the nominal current path are arranged outside of the insulating material tube according to one embodiment of the invention, so that the contacts of the nominal current path do not have a performance-reducing effect.
  • the above-mentioned partitioning of the gas spaces also greatly reduces the risk of reignition between the contact pieces of the nominal current path when switching large currents.
  • the shielding cylinder is a metal tube
  • this metal tube expediently forms a contact piece of the nominal current path, the other contact piece of which encompasses the metal tube on the outside.
  • the bulkhead is advantageously largely gas-tight so that the arc gases cannot escape between the insulating nozzle and the cylindrical part.
  • FIG. 1 shows a switch pole of an autopneumatic high-voltage compressed gas circuit breaker.
  • the contact system is arranged within an insulator 1 in a closed switching chamber.
  • the switch has an upper plate-shaped electrical connection 2 and a lower plate-shaped electrical connection 3.
  • the power path of the switching path is formed by a fixed power contact 4, which is conductively connected to the upper connection 2, in connection with a movable power contact 5, the arcing contact.
  • the movable power contact 5 is conductively connected to a movable cylinder 6, which cooperates with a fixed piston 7, which is attached to the lower connecting plate 3, as a switching path pump for generating the required blowing pressure in the event of a switch.
  • the movable cylinder 6 is conductively connected to a fork 8 for the introduction of current and force, which in turn is connected to a drive rod 9.
  • the drive rod is actuated in the usual way by a hydraulic, pneumatic spring drive or the like; it is guided inside supports 10, at the lower end of which the drive is attached.
  • the fork 8 is in high-current contacts 11 with the lower connection plate 3 in a conductive connection.
  • an insulating nozzle 12 is fixedly connected to the movable cylinder 6, from which the gas compressed in the switching section pump 6, 7 emerges when it is switched off and blows on the switching arc which is between the power contacts 4, 5.
  • This insulating nozzle 12 has a screen 13 which is guided in a fixed, connected to the upper connection plate 2 shielding cylinder 14 slidably.
  • the transition between shielding cylinder 14 and shield 13 is expediently gas-tight.
  • a seal 15, e.g. made of Teflon for gas-tight sealing of the shield of the insulating nozzle with respect to the shielding cylinder or for gas-tight partitioning of the space 20 in which the arc cloud is located.
  • a parallel nominal current contact path is provided to increase the current carrying capacity, consisting of a first fixed and a movable nominal current contact piece 16 or 17, which are essentially cylindrical.
  • the fixed nominal current contact piece 16 is conductively connected to the upper connection plate 2 and is fixed.
  • the movable nominal current contact piece 17 is conductively connected to the movable cylinder 6 and is thus moved together with the cylinder 6.
  • the nominal current contact path is matched to the power current path in such a way that it opens shortly before the power current path is opened, so that the arc is only in the power current path.
  • the nominal current path required for carrying larger nominal currents between insulator 1 and shielding cylinder 14 on the one hand and the insulating nozzle 12 is provided with a screen 13 which is sealed off from the shielding cylinder 14, so that a separated gas-tight space to the side and downwards is electrically insulated 20 arises, in which the arc plasma cloud is after switching off, the re-ignition ability between the power contacts 5 and 6 of the power current path and in particular also the nominal current contact pieces 16 and 17 of the parallel nominal current path is enormously reduced, ie the additional conductive surfaces of the parallel nominal current path also do not reduce the breaking capacity.
  • the illustrated embodiment of the invention enables the construction of autopneumatic high voltage circuit breakers that can switch high currents at high voltages, i.e. have a high breaking capacity.
  • the insulating nozzle 12 or its screen 13 are conceivable; it is essential that the space 20 in which the plasma cloud occurs is largely sealed by the shielding cylinder 14 and the shield 13, if necessary with the aid of seals 15 such as e.g. Sealing rings.
  • seals 15 such as e.g. Sealing rings. This reduces the ability to re-ignite, i.e. the dielectric strength increases enormously. If the requirements for dielectric strength are lower, the requirements for gas tightness can be kept lower.
  • the corresponding contacts can be cylindrical or also web-shaped as individual contacts. It is essential that, if they are provided, they are shielded from the shielding cylinder 14 from the space 20 with the plasma cloud, both against the arc radiation and against the precipitation of the essential part of the fission products, so that the nominal current contact point is not affected by the arc becomes.
  • the shielding cylinder 14 is formed by a metal tube, then this metal tube can be directly the first fixed nominal current contact piece 16 of the nominal current path, which is surrounded on the outside by the movable nominal current contact piece 17.
  • the fixed nominal current contact piece 16 of the nominal current path can also be formed by an outer metallic coating on an insulating tube acting as a shielding cylinder 14.
  • FIG. 2 shows a switch pole of an autopneumatic high-voltage compressed gas circuit breaker, which partially corresponds to the switch of FIG. 1.
  • the movable cylinder 6 is connected to a fork 8, which in turn is connected to a drive rod 9.
  • the drive rod 9 is actuated in the usual way by a hydraulic or pneumatic spring drive or the like; it is guided inside supports 10, at the lower end of which the drive is attached.
  • an insulating nozzle 12 is fixedly connected to the movable cylinder 6 in the area of the movable power contact 5, from which the gas compressed in the switching path pump 6, 7 emerges when the switch is switched off and blows on the switching arc that occurs between the power contacts 4, 5 stands.
  • This insulating nozzle 12 has a screen 13, which is guided in a fixed, connected to the upper plate-shaped connection 2 shielding cylinder 14 slidably.
  • a metal tube can be provided instead of the shielding cylinder 14, which directly forms the first fixed nominal current contact piece, as a result of which the diameters can be kept small.
  • a first fixed nominal current contact piece 216 is provided to increase the nominal current carrying capacity.
  • This rated current contact piece 216 is conductively connected to the upper plate-shaped connection 2 and is fixed.
  • a corresponding opposite, connected to the lower plate-shaped connection 3 and connected with respect to the nominal current contact piece 216 is arranged at a distance from the second fixed nominal current contact piece 211, which is also designed here as a metal tube.
  • a slide-like extension 224 is provided on the cylinder 6, which has a substantially tubular shape.
  • the attachment 224 has at its upper end facing the rated current contact 216 a contact surface 224a which interacts with a corresponding rated current contact surface 216a of the rated current contact 216. At the lower end of the extension 224, a further contact surface 224b is provided, which bears against the second fixed nominal current contact piece 211.
  • the carriage-like extension 224 is arranged in the interior of the second fixed nominal current contact piece 211, which is favorable in terms of the diameter.
  • the attachment 224 can also pass through the nominal current contact piece 211, which may have been slit, and can thus be arranged essentially outside of this contact piece.
  • the autopneumatic gas pressure switch shown in FIG. 3 also partially matches the switch of FIG. 1.
  • the current flow in this switch takes place via a tubular contact piece 322, which is firmly connected to the lower plate-shaped connection 3, on the cylinder 6, which is arranged in the interior of the tubular contact piece 322.
  • a circumferential projection is provided which is designed as a contact surface 323 which slides on the inner wall of the tubular contact piece 322 when the cylinder 6 moves.
  • an insulating nozzle 312 is fixedly connected to the movable cylinder 6, from which the gas compressed in the switching section pump 6, 7 emerges when it is switched off and blows on the switching arc which is between the power contacts 4, 5.
  • This insulating nozzle 312 has a shield 313, which is guided in a fixed shielding cylinder 316, for example a metal tube, connected to the upper plate-shaped connection 2.
  • a cylindrical extension 313a made of insulating material and directed towards the fixed power contact 4 is attached to the screen 313 and is aligned coaxially with the screening cylinder 316.
  • This design of the insulating nozzle can significantly increase the electrical impact.
  • the cylindrical extension 313a the length of which is matched to the length of the switching path, has at its open end a circumferential projection 315a which bears against the inner wall of the shielding cylinder 316.
  • the transition between the shielding cylinder 316 and the cylindrical extension 313a is expediently gas-tight.
  • a seal 15 e.g. made of Teflon.
  • the nominal current path is coordinated with the power current path in such a way that it opens shortly before the power current path is opened, so that the arc is only in the power current path.
  • the space 20 is formed by the shield cylinder 316, the cylindrical extension 313a and the shield 313 of the insulating nozzle.
  • the metal tube acting as a shielding cylinder 316 also has the function of the nominal current guide and is consequently provided as the first fixed nominal current contact piece with corresponding nominal current contact surfaces 316s. These nominal current contact surfaces 316a cooperate with nominal current contact surfaces 317, which are formed at the end of the cylinder 6 facing the insulating nozzle 312 and which, when switched on, bear against the nominal current contact surfaces 316a provided on the metal tube.
  • the powerful cylinder 6 is used to carry the current; Because of the large mass of the cylinder and the fixed tube, the current carrying capacity is very high with little effort.
  • the first fixed nominal current contact piece of the nominal current path can also be formed by an outer metallic coating on an insulating tube acting as a shielding cylinder 316.
  • the nominal current contact area 317 or the contact area 323 are shown in FIG. 3 as a circumferential projection on the cylinder 6. However, certain modifications are possible, in particular the provision of the contact surfaces directly in the cylinder wall.
  • FIG. 4 shows a switch according to the invention, in which, in contrast to the switch shown in FIG. 3, a contact surface 417 is only provided on the top of the cylinder 6, while the contacting takes place at the bottom via high-current contacts 11 (as in the switch of FIG. 1).

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Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen autopneumatischen Druckgasschalter gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to an autopneumatic gas pressure switch according to the preamble of claim 1.

Aus der DE-A1-26 27 948 ist bereits ein Druckgasschalter bekannt, bei dem der überwiegende Teil der Lichtbogenwolke, das Plasma, aus der Isolierdüse in den Raum zwischen Isolierdüse und festem Gegenkontakt der Schaltstrecke gefördert wird. Wegen der im Vergleich zu Lichtbögen in Luft kleineren Energie gelingt es mit dieser einfachen Löschanordnung, Ströme bis zu etwa 63 kA bei Spannungen von 140 kV pro Schaltstrecke zu beherrschen. Bei größeren Ausschaltströmen wirkt das in dem Raum zwischen Isolierdüse und Gegenkontakt befindliche Plasma so, daß Einschwingspannungen mit großen Spannungswerten nicht mehr gehalten werden können, weil durch Plasma zwischen den leitenden Flächen der beweglichen Teile der Schaltstreckenpumpe und dem feststehenden Kontaktstück der Shaltstrecke die Möglichkeit für eine Rückzündung gegeben ist.A pressure gas switch is already known from DE-A1-26 27 948, in which the predominant part of the arc cloud, the plasma, is conveyed out of the insulating nozzle into the space between the insulating nozzle and the fixed mating contact of the switching path. Because of the smaller energy compared to arcing in air, this simple quenching arrangement enables currents of up to approximately 63 kA to be controlled at voltages of 140 kV per switching path. With larger switch-off currents, the plasma located in the space between the insulating nozzle and mating contact acts in such a way that transient voltages with large voltage values can no longer be maintained, because plasma between the conductive surfaces of the moving parts of the switching section pump and the fixed contact piece of the switching section provides the possibility of re-ignition given is.

Man hat zwar gemäß der obengenannten Offenlegungsschrift versucht, durch eine plasmaabweisende äußere Formgebung der Isolierdüse und durch Anbringung von Isolierteilen am Zylinder der Schaltstreckenpumpe und an Kontaktstücken eine gewisse Abschirmung dieser Teile zu erreichen, jedoch ist diese noch nicht vollkommen genug, weil sie nur einige Teile zu einem gewissen Grad abschirmen kann. Außerdem wird die Konstruktion relativ aufwendig (federvorgespannte Isolierteile).Attempts have been made in accordance with the above-mentioned laid-open publication to achieve a certain shielding of these parts by a plasma-repellent outer shape of the insulating nozzle and by attaching insulating parts to the cylinder of the switching path pump and to contact pieces, but this is still not perfect enough because they only allow some parts can shield to a certain degree. In addition, the construction is relatively complex (spring-loaded insulating parts).

Aus der DE-B2-2 329 501 ist ein Druckgas-Leistungsschalter mit einem feststehenden Kontaktstück und einem in einer ortsfesten Führung gelagerten beweglichen Rohrkontaktstück bekannt. Das bewegliche Rohrkontaktstück ist mit dem beweglichen Teil einer Blaseinrichtung gekoppelt und mit quer zu dessen Längsachse verlaufenden Abströmbohrungen versehen. Der Schalter weist eine das feststehende Kontaktstück in der Einschaltstellung dicht umschließende, zusammen mit dem Rohrkontaktstück axial verschiebbare Isolierstoffdüse auf, die nach einer vorbestimmten Ausschaltstrecke den komprimierten Löschgasstrom freigibt. Die Abströmbohrungen im beweglichen Rohrkontaktstück überschneiden sich erst dann mit den Abströmöffnungen in der Führung, wenn die Isolierstoffdüse vom feststehenden Kontaktstück freikommt.From DE-B2-2 329 501 a pressure gas circuit breaker with a fixed contact piece and a movable pipe contact piece mounted in a fixed guide is known. The movable pipe contact piece is coupled to the movable part of a blowing device and is provided with outflow bores running transversely to its longitudinal axis. The switch has an insulating material nozzle which tightly surrounds the fixed contact piece in the switch-on position and can be axially displaced together with the pipe contact piece and which releases the compressed extinguishing gas stream after a predetermined switch-off distance. The outflow bores in the movable pipe contact piece only overlap with the outflow openings in the guide when the insulating material nozzle clears the fixed contact piece.

Ein das feststehende Kontaktstück umgebender fester Hauptkontakt wirkt mit seiner unteren, der Blaseinrichtung zugewandten Innenseite mit einem beweglichen Hauptkontakt zusammen, der über einen Halter an dem Zylinder der Blaseinrichtung befestigt ist. Die Hauptkontakte und die Kontaktstücke sind nicht vollständig gegen Lichtbogen-Spaltprodukte geschützt. Diese Spaltprodukte beeinträchtigen die Qualität der Kontakte und, da sie auch in den Kompressionszylinder gelangen, werden sie bei einer folgenden Ausschaltung wieder in die Löschstrecke hineingeblasen. Dadurch werden nachteiligerweise die Ausschaltbedingungen erheblich verschlechtert.A fixed main contact surrounding the fixed contact piece interacts with its lower inner side facing the blower device with a movable main contact which is fastened to the cylinder of the blower device via a holder. The main contacts and the contact pieces are not fully protected against arc fission products. These fission products adversely affect the quality of the contacts and, since they also get into the compression cylinder, are blown back into the extinguishing section the next time they are switched off. As a result, the switch-off conditions are disadvantageously considerably deteriorated.

Die oben beschriebenen Nachteile weist auch ein Druckgasschalter auf, der aus der DE-A2-2 406 150 bekannt ist. Der Druckgasschalter weist ein feststehendes Kontaktstück und ein bewegliches Kontaktstück auf, das von einer mitbeweglichen Blasdüse umgeben ist. Die Blasdüse steht einlasseitig mit einem durch die Ausschaltbewegung unter Druck setzbaren Kompressionsraum für ein Löschgas in Verbindung. Der Schalter ist mit einem entlang des feststehenden Kontaktstückes geführten, elektrisch leitfähigen Abschirmkörper versehen, der mittels der Blasdüse bei der Einschaltbewegung aus seiner in Ausschaltsstellung das feste Kontaktstück umgebenden Lage verschiebbar ist. Zwischen dem feststehenden Kontaktstück und dem Abschirmkörper ist in Ausschaltstellung ein durchblasbarer Mantelraum vorgesehen, dessen einlasseitiger Innendurchmesser praktisch mit einem vom Auslassdiffusor der Blasdüse gebildeten Blaskegel fluchtet. Bei dem Abschirmkörper kann es sich um einen zum feststehenden Kontaktstück koaxialen Ring handeln, der an sich vom beweglichen Kontaktstück weg erstreckenden Stäben aufgehängt ist.The disadvantages described above also have a gas pressure switch, which is known from DE-A2-2 406 150. The gas pressure switch has a fixed contact piece and a movable contact piece which is surrounded by a blowing nozzle which can be moved together. The blow nozzle is connected on the inlet side to a compression space for an extinguishing gas which can be pressurized by the switch-off movement. The switch is provided with an electrically conductive shielding body which is guided along the fixed contact piece and which can be displaced by means of the blowing nozzle during the switch-on movement from its position surrounding the fixed contact piece in the switched-off position. In the switched-off position, a blow-through jacket space is provided between the fixed contact piece and the shielding body, whose inner diameter on the inlet side is practically aligned with a blowing cone formed by the outlet diffuser of the blowing nozzle. The shielding body can be a ring which is coaxial with the fixed contact piece and is suspended on rods which extend away from the movable contact piece.

Der Abschirmkörper ist nicht in der Lage, weder die Kontaktstücke noch eine die Blasdüse ringförmig umgebende Kontakthülse, die mit feststehend, federnd angeordneten Liestungskontaktstücken zusammenwirkt, vollständig gegen Spaltprodukte des Löschgases zu schützen.The shielding body is not able to completely protect neither the contact pieces nor a contact sleeve which surrounds the blowing nozzle in an annular manner and which interacts with fixed, resiliently arranged light contact pieces against fission products of the extinguishing gas.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen autopneumatischen Druckgasschalter zu schaffen, bei dem die Leistungskontakte weitgehend und die gegebenenfalls vorhandenen Nennstromkontakte vollständig gegen Lichtbogen-Spaltprodukte des Löschgases geschützt sind.The object of the invention is to create an autopneumatic gas pressure switch in which the power contacts are largely protected and the nominal current contacts which may be present are completely protected against arc fission products of the extinguishing gas.

Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.The object is achieved by the characterizing features of claim 1.

Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen 2 bis 20 beschrieben, wobei der autopneumatische Druckgasschalter gemäß Anspruch 2 neben einem Leistungsstrompfad einen Parallel-Nennstrompfad aufweist.Embodiments of the invention are described in the dependent claims 2 to 20, wherein the autopneumatic gas pressure switch according to claim 2 has a parallel nominal current path in addition to a power current path.

Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen autopneumatischen Druckgasschalter ist vorteilhafterweise direkt der Gasraum, in dem sich die Lichtbogenwolke und der feststehende Leistungs-Kontakt befinden, von den anderen Räumen, in denen sich die leitenden Flächen des bewegten Kontaktsystems befinden, abgetrennt, so daß die Rückzündfähigkeit stark vermindert, d.h. die Spannungsfestigkeit stark erhöht wird. Es werden daher nicht die einzelnen Teile einzeln abgeschirmt, sondern unmittelbar der Gasraum, in dem sich die Lichtbogenwolke befindet.In the autopneumatic gas pressure switch according to the invention, the gas space, in which the arc cloud and the fixed power contact are located, is advantageously separated directly from the other spaces, in which the conductive surfaces of the moving contact system are located, so that the ability to re-ignite is greatly reduced reduces, ie the dielectric strength is greatly increased. It is therefore not the individual parts that are shielded individually, but rather the gas space in which the arc cloud is located.

Liegt ein Druckgasschalter vor, bei dem zur Erhöhung des Nennstromes zusätzlich zu den Leistungskontakten, zwischen denen der Lichtbogen brennt, elektrisch parallel dazu, ein Nennstrompfad vorgesehen ist, wird die Anordnung zweckmäßig so getroffen, daß die Kontaktübergangsstelle zwischen den Kontaktstücken des Nennstrompfades gegenüber der Lichtbogenstrahlung und dem wesentlichen Teil der Spaltprodukte abgeschirmt ist. Ist dabei der Abschirmzylinder ein Isolierstoffrohr, so sind die Kontaktstücke des Nennstrompfades nach einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung außerhalb des Isolierstoffrohres angeordnet, so daß dadurch sich die Kontakte des Nennstrompfades nicht leistungsmindernd auswirken. Durch die obengenannte Abschottung des Gasräume ist dabei auch die Gefahr einer Rückzündung zwischen den Kontaktstücken des Nennstrompfades beim Schalten großer Ströme ebenfalls stark vermindert. Ist hingegen der Abschirmzylinder ein Metallrohr, so bildet dieses Metallrohr zweckmäßig ein Kontaktstück des Nennstrompfades, dessen anderes Kontaktstück das Metallrohr außen umfaßt. Vorteilhafterweise ist dabei die Abschottung weitgehend gasdicht ausgeführt, damit die Lichtbogengase möglichst nicht zwischen Isolierdüse und zylindrischem Teil entweichen können.If there is a pressure gas switch in which a nominal current path is provided in addition to the power contacts between which the arc burns, a nominal current path is provided in order to increase the nominal current, the arrangement is expediently such that the contact transition point between the contact pieces of the nominal current path with respect to the arc radiation and the main part of the fission products is shielded. If the shielding cylinder is an insulating tube, the contact pieces of the nominal current path are arranged outside of the insulating material tube according to one embodiment of the invention, so that the contacts of the nominal current path do not have a performance-reducing effect. The above-mentioned partitioning of the gas spaces also greatly reduces the risk of reignition between the contact pieces of the nominal current path when switching large currents. If, however, the shielding cylinder is a metal tube, this metal tube expediently forms a contact piece of the nominal current path, the other contact piece of which encompasses the metal tube on the outside. The bulkhead is advantageously largely gas-tight so that the arc gases cannot escape between the insulating nozzle and the cylindrical part.

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung dargestellt und im folgenden beschrieben.Embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing and described below.

Es zeigt

  • Figur 1 einen autopneumatischen Druckgasschalter mit Abschirmung des Lichtbogenraumes und der Nennstromkontaktstücke,
  • Figur 2 einen autopneumatischen Druckgasschalter mit einem schlittenartigen Ansatz zur Überbrückung der Nennstromkontaktstücke.
  • Figur 3 einen autopneumatischen Druckgasschalter, bei dem die Kontaktierung des Nennstrompfades unmittelbar über den Zylinder der Schaltstreckenpumpe erfolgt und
  • Figur 4 eine Ausgestaltung eines autopneumatischen Druckgasschalters ähnlich wie in Figur 3.
It shows
  • 1 shows an autopneumatic gas pressure switch with shielding of the arc chamber and the rated current contact pieces,
  • Figure 2 shows an autopneumatic gas pressure switch with a sled-like approach to bridge the nominal current contact pieces.
  • 3 shows an autopneumatic gas pressure switch, in which the nominal current path is contacted directly via the cylinder of the switching section pump, and
  • FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of an autopneumatic gas pressure switch similar to that in FIG. 3.

Die Figur 1 zeigt einen Schalterpol eines autopneumatischen Hochspannungs-Druckgas-Leistungsschalters. Innerhalb eines Isolators 1 ist in einer geschlossenen Schaltkammer das Kontaktsystem angeordnet. Der Schalter weist einen oberen plattenförmigen, elektrischen Anschluß 2 und einen unteren plattenförmigen, elektrischen Anschluß 3 auf. Der Leistungspfad der Schaltstrecke wird durch einen feststehenden Leistungskontakt 4, der mit dem oberen Anschluß 2 leitend verbunden ist, in Verbindung mit einem beweglichen Leistungskontakt 5, dem Lichtbogen kontakt, gebildet. Der bewegliche Leistungskontakt 5 ist mit einem beweglichen Zylinder 6 leitend verbunden, der mit einem feststehenden Kolben 7, der auf der unteren Anschlußplatte 3 angebracht ist, als Schaltstreckenpumpe zur Erzeugung des erforderlichen Blasdruckes im Schaltfall zusammenwirkt. Der bewegliche Zylinder 6 ist leitend mit einer Gabel 8 zur Strom- und Krafteinleitung verbunden, die ihrerseits mit einer Antriebsstange 9 in Verbindung steht. Die Antriebsstange wird in üblicher Weise durch einen hydraulischen, pneumatischen Federantrieb oder dergleichen betätigt; sie wird im Inneren von Stützern 10 geführt, an deren unterem Ende der Antrieb angebracht ist.FIG. 1 shows a switch pole of an autopneumatic high-voltage compressed gas circuit breaker. The contact system is arranged within an insulator 1 in a closed switching chamber. The switch has an upper plate-shaped electrical connection 2 and a lower plate-shaped electrical connection 3. The power path of the switching path is formed by a fixed power contact 4, which is conductively connected to the upper connection 2, in connection with a movable power contact 5, the arcing contact. The movable power contact 5 is conductively connected to a movable cylinder 6, which cooperates with a fixed piston 7, which is attached to the lower connecting plate 3, as a switching path pump for generating the required blowing pressure in the event of a switch. The movable cylinder 6 is conductively connected to a fork 8 for the introduction of current and force, which in turn is connected to a drive rod 9. The drive rod is actuated in the usual way by a hydraulic, pneumatic spring drive or the like; it is guided inside supports 10, at the lower end of which the drive is attached.

Die Gabel 8 steht über Hochstromkontakte 11 mit der unteren Anschlußplatte 3 in leitender Verbindung.The fork 8 is in high-current contacts 11 with the lower connection plate 3 in a conductive connection.

Mit dem beweglichen Zylinder 6 ist im Bereich des beweglichen Leistungskontaktes 5 eine Isolierdüse 12 fest verbunden, aus der das in der Schaltstreckenpumpe 6, 7 beim Ausschalten komprimierte Gas austritt und den Schaltlichtbogen bebläst, der zwischen den Leistungskontakten 4, 5 steht. Diese Isolierdüse 12 weist einen Schirm 13 auf, der in einem feststehenden, mit der oberen Anschlußplatte 2 verbundenen Abschirmzylinder 14 gleitend geführt ist. Zweckmäßig ist der Übergang zwischen Abschirmzylinder 14 und Schirm 13 gasdicht ausgeführt. Zur gasdichten Abdichtung des Schirmes der Isolierdüse gegenüber dem Abschirmzylinder bzw. zur gasdichten Abschottung des Raumes 20, in dem sich die Lichtbogenwolke befindet, ist am Schirm eine Dichtung 15, z.b. aus Teflon, vorgesehen.In the area of the movable power contact 5, an insulating nozzle 12 is fixedly connected to the movable cylinder 6, from which the gas compressed in the switching section pump 6, 7 emerges when it is switched off and blows on the switching arc which is between the power contacts 4, 5. This insulating nozzle 12 has a screen 13 which is guided in a fixed, connected to the upper connection plate 2 shielding cylinder 14 slidably. The transition between shielding cylinder 14 and shield 13 is expediently gas-tight. For gas-tight sealing of the shield of the insulating nozzle with respect to the shielding cylinder or for gas-tight partitioning of the space 20 in which the arc cloud is located, a seal 15, e.g. made of Teflon.

Zwischen Abschirmzylinder 14 und dem Isolater 1, d.h. in einem Raum, der zur vom Lichtbogen erzeugten Plasmawolke hin abgeschirmt ist, ist eine Parallel-NennstromKontaktstrecke zur Erhöhung der Strombelastbarkeit, bestehend aus einem ersten feststehenden und einem beweglichen Nennstrom- Kontaktstück 16 bzw. 17 vorgesehen, die im wesentlichen zylinderförmig ausgebildet sind. Das feststehende Nennstrom-Kontaktstück 16 ist mit der oberen Anschlußplatte 2 leitend verbunden und steht fest. Das bewegliche Nennstrom-Kontaktstück 17 ist mit dem beweglichen Zylinder 6 leitend verbunden, wird somit zusammen mit dem Zylinder 6 bewegt. Die Nennstromkontaktstrecke ist so mit dem Leistungsstrompfad abgestimmt, daß sie beim Ausschalten kurz vor dem Öffnen des Leistungsstrompfades öffnet, so daß der Lichtbogen allein im Leistungsstrompfad steht.Between shield cylinder 14 and isolator 1, i.e. In a room which is shielded from the plasma cloud generated by the arc, a parallel nominal current contact path is provided to increase the current carrying capacity, consisting of a first fixed and a movable nominal current contact piece 16 or 17, which are essentially cylindrical. The fixed nominal current contact piece 16 is conductively connected to the upper connection plate 2 and is fixed. The movable nominal current contact piece 17 is conductively connected to the movable cylinder 6 and is thus moved together with the cylinder 6. The nominal current contact path is matched to the power current path in such a way that it opens shortly before the power current path is opened, so that the arc is only in the power current path.

Die Wirkungsweise des dargestellten Schalters ist folgende:

  • Im eingeschalteten Zustand (nicht dargestellt) fließt der Strom zwischen dem oberen plattenförmigen Anschluß 2 und dem unteren plattenförmigen Anschluß 3 über die beiden Stompfade, den Nennstrompfad 16, 17 und den Leistenungsstrompfad 4, 5, den Zylinder 6, die Gabel 8 und die Hochstromkontakte 11. Wird die Antriebsstange 9 vom Antrieb in Richtung "AUS", d.h. nach unten bewegt, so werden, wie dargestellt, die beiden Strompfade getrennt und es entsteht der Schalt-Lichtbogen zwischen den Leistungskontakten 4, 5. Durch die Schaltstreckenpumpe 6, 7 wird ein hoher Blasdruck erzeugt, wobei das komprimierte Isoliergas, meist SF6, aus der Isolierdüse 12 nach oben austritt und den Lichtbogen bebläst und die Lichtbogenwolke, d.h. das Plasma aus der Isolierdüse 12 in den Raum 20 zwischen Isolierdüse 12 und dem feststehenden Leistungskontakt 4 fördert, wo es über Öffnungen 18 in dem oberen plattenförmigen elektrischen Anschluß 2 in die Kuppe 19 der Schaltkammer entweichen kann, von wo aus es über ein Filter 21 zurück in die Schaltkammer gelangt.
The operation of the switch shown is as follows:
  • In the switched-on state (not shown), the current flows between the upper plate-shaped connection 2 and the lower plate-shaped connection 3 via the two current paths, the nominal current path 16, 17 and the power current path 4, 5, the cylinder 6, the fork 8 and the high-current contacts 11. If the drive rod 9 is moved by the drive in the "OFF" direction, ie downwards, the two current paths are separated, as shown, and the switching arc arises between the power contacts 4, 5 the switching path pump 6, 7 generates a high blowing pressure, the compressed insulating gas, usually SF 6 , emerging from the insulating nozzle 12 upwards and blowing the arc and the arc cloud, ie the plasma from the insulating nozzle 12 into the space 20 between the insulating nozzle 12 and promotes the fixed power contact 4, where it can escape through openings 18 in the upper plate-shaped electrical connection 2 into the dome 19 of the switching chamber, from where it gets back into the switching chamber via a filter 21.

Dadurch, daß der zum Führen größerer Nennströme erforderliche Nennstrompfad zwischen Isolator 1 und Abschirmzylinder 14 einerseits und die Isolierdüse 12 mit einem Schirm 13 versehen ist, der gegenüber dem Abschirmzylinder 14 abgedichtet ist, so daß ein abgetrennter gasdichter nach der Seite und nach unten elektrisch isolierter Raum 20 entsteht, in dem sich die Lichtbogen-Plasmawolke nach dem Ausschalten befindet, wird die Rückzündfähigkeit zwischen den Leistungskontakten 5 und 6 des Leistungsstrompfades und insbesondere auch den Nennstrom-Kontaktstücken 16 und 17 des Parallel-Nennstrompfades enorm herabgesetzt, d.h. auch die zusätzlichen leitenden Flächen des Parallel-Nennstrompfades wirken sich hinsichtlich des Ausschaltvermögens nicht leistungsmindernd aus. Dadurch gelingt es vorteilhafterweise beim dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel, daß auch beim Schalten größerer Ströme Einschwingspannungen mit großen Spannungswerten gehalten werden können, d.h. die dargestellte Ausführung der Erfindung ermöglicht die Konstruktion von autopneumatischen Hochspannungs-Leistungsschaltern, die hohe Ströme bei hohen Spannungen schalten können, d.h. eine hohe Ausschaltleistung aufweisen.Characterized in that the nominal current path required for carrying larger nominal currents between insulator 1 and shielding cylinder 14 on the one hand and the insulating nozzle 12 is provided with a screen 13 which is sealed off from the shielding cylinder 14, so that a separated gas-tight space to the side and downwards is electrically insulated 20 arises, in which the arc plasma cloud is after switching off, the re-ignition ability between the power contacts 5 and 6 of the power current path and in particular also the nominal current contact pieces 16 and 17 of the parallel nominal current path is enormously reduced, ie the additional conductive surfaces of the parallel nominal current path also do not reduce the breaking capacity. As a result, in the embodiment shown, it is advantageously possible for transient voltages with large voltage values to be maintained even when switching larger currents, i.e. the illustrated embodiment of the invention enables the construction of autopneumatic high voltage circuit breakers that can switch high currents at high voltages, i.e. have a high breaking capacity.

Es sind verschiedene Ausgestaltungen der Isolierdüse 12 bzw. ihres Schirmes 13 denkbar; wesentlich ist dabei, daß der Raum 20, in dem die Plasmawolke auftritt, durch den Abschirmzylinder 14 und den Schirm 13 weitgehend abgedichtet ist, ggf. unter Zuhilfenahme von Dichtungen 15 wie z.B. Dichtungsringen. Dadurch wird die Rückzündfähigkeit vermindert, d.h. die Spannungsfestigkeit enorm erhöht. Sind die Anforderungen an die Spannungsfestigkeit geringer, so können die Anforderungen an die Gasdichtheit geringer gehalten werden.Various configurations of the insulating nozzle 12 or its screen 13 are conceivable; it is essential that the space 20 in which the plasma cloud occurs is largely sealed by the shielding cylinder 14 and the shield 13, if necessary with the aid of seals 15 such as e.g. Sealing rings. This reduces the ability to re-ignite, i.e. the dielectric strength increases enormously. If the requirements for dielectric strength are lower, the requirements for gas tightness can be kept lower.

Auch für die Ausbildung des bei hohen Nennströmen zweckmäßigen Parallel-Nennstrompfades sind verschiedene Ausführungen denkbar. Die entsprechenden Kontakte können zylinderförmig oder auch stegförmig als Einzelkontakte ausgebildet sein. Wesentlich ist, daß, wenn sie vorgesehen werden, sie vom Abschirmzylinder 14 gegenüber dem Raum 20 mit der Plasmawolke abgeschirmt sind, und zwar sowohl gegenüber der Lichtbogenstrahlung als auch gegenüber dem Niederschlagen des wesentlichen Teils der Spaltprodukte, damit die Nennstrom-Kontaktstelle nicht vom Lichtbogen beeinträchtigt wird.Various designs are also conceivable for the formation of the parallel nominal current path which is expedient at high nominal currents. The corresponding contacts can be cylindrical or also web-shaped as individual contacts. It is essential that, if they are provided, they are shielded from the shielding cylinder 14 from the space 20 with the plasma cloud, both against the arc radiation and against the precipitation of the essential part of the fission products, so that the nominal current contact point is not affected by the arc becomes.

Wird der Abschirmzylinder 14 durch eine Metallrohr gebildet, dann kann dieses Metallrohr unmittelbar das erste feststehende Nennstrom-Kontaktstück 16 des Nennstrompfades sein, das außen von dem beweglichen Nennstrom-Kontaktstück 17 umfaßt wird.If the shielding cylinder 14 is formed by a metal tube, then this metal tube can be directly the first fixed nominal current contact piece 16 of the nominal current path, which is surrounded on the outside by the movable nominal current contact piece 17.

Das feststehende Nennstrom-Kontaktstück 16 des Nennstrompfades kann auch durch einen äußeren metallischen Belag auf einem als Abschirmzylinder 14 wirkenden Isolier-rohr gebildet werden.The fixed nominal current contact piece 16 of the nominal current path can also be formed by an outer metallic coating on an insulating tube acting as a shielding cylinder 14.

Figur 2 zeigt einen Schalterpol eines autopneumatischen Hochspannungs-Druckgas-Leistungsschalters, der teilweise dem Schalter der Figur 1 entspricht.FIG. 2 shows a switch pole of an autopneumatic high-voltage compressed gas circuit breaker, which partially corresponds to the switch of FIG. 1.

Der bewegliche Zylinder 6 ist mit einer Gabel 8 verbunden, die ihrerseits mit einer Antriebsstange 9 in Verbindung steht. Die Antriebsstange 9 wird in üblicher Weise durch einen hydraulischen oder pneumatischen Federantrieb oder dergleichen betätigt; sie wird im Inneren von Stützern 10 geführt, an deren unterem Ende der Antrieb angebracht ist.The movable cylinder 6 is connected to a fork 8, which in turn is connected to a drive rod 9. The drive rod 9 is actuated in the usual way by a hydraulic or pneumatic spring drive or the like; it is guided inside supports 10, at the lower end of which the drive is attached.

Wie bei dem Schalter der Figur 1 ist mit dem beweglichen Zylinder 6 im Bereich des beweglichen Leistungskontaktes 5 eine Isolierdüse 12 fest verbunden, aus der das in der Schaltstreckenpumpe 6, 7 beim Ausschalten komprimierte Gas austritt und den Schaltlichtbogen bebläst, der zwischen den Leistungskontakten 4, 5 steht. Diese Isolierdüse 12 weist einen Schirm 13 auf, der in einem feststehenden, mit dem oberen plattenförmigen Anschluß 2 verbundenen Abschirmzylinder 14 gleitend geführt ist.As in the switch of FIG. 1, an insulating nozzle 12 is fixedly connected to the movable cylinder 6 in the area of the movable power contact 5, from which the gas compressed in the switching path pump 6, 7 emerges when the switch is switched off and blows on the switching arc that occurs between the power contacts 4, 5 stands. This insulating nozzle 12 has a screen 13, which is guided in a fixed, connected to the upper plate-shaped connection 2 shielding cylinder 14 slidably.

Bei einer (nicht dargestellten) vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung kann anstelle des Abschirmzylinders 14 ein Metallrohr vorgesehen sein, das unmittelbar das erste feststehende Nennstromkontaktstück bildet, wodurch die Durchmesser gering gehalten werden können.In an advantageous embodiment (not shown) of the invention, a metal tube can be provided instead of the shielding cylinder 14, which directly forms the first fixed nominal current contact piece, as a result of which the diameters can be kept small.

Zwischen dem Abschirmzylinder 14 und dem Isolator 1, d.h. in einem Raum, der zur vom Lichtbogen erzeugten Plasmawolke hin abgeschirmt ist, ist ein erstes feststehendes Nennstrom-Kontaktstück 216 zur Erhöhung der Nennstrombelastbarkeit vorgesehen. Dieses Nennstrom-Kontaktstück 216 ist mit dem oberen plattenförmigen Anschluß 2 leitend verbunden und steht fest. Im wesentlichen gegenüberliegend ist ein entsprechendes, mit dem unteren plattenförmigen Anschluß 3 leiten verbundenes und bezüglich des Nennstrom-Kontaktstückes 216 mit Abstand angeordnetes zweites feststehendes Nennstrom-Kontaktstück 211 angeordnet, das hier gleichfalls als Metallrohr ausgeführt ist. Zur Überbrückung des Abstandes zwischen den Nennstrom-Kontaktstücken 216 und 211 ist am Zylinder 6 ein schlittenartiger Ansatz 224 vorgesehen, der im wesentlichen eine rohrförmige Gestalt aufweist. Der Ansatz 224 besitzt an seinem oberen, dem Nennstrom-Kontaktstück 216 zugewandten Ende eine Kontaktfläche 224a, die mit einer entsprechenden Nennstrom-Kontaktfläche 216a des Nennstrom-Kontaktstückes 216 zusammenwirkt. Am unteren Ende des Ansatzes 224 ist eine weitere Kontaktfläche 224b vorgesehen, die am zweiten feststehenden Nennstrom-Kontaktstück 211 anliegt.Between the shielding cylinder 14 and the insulator 1, ie in a space which is shielded from the plasma cloud generated by the arc, a first fixed nominal current contact piece 216 is provided to increase the nominal current carrying capacity. This rated current contact piece 216 is conductively connected to the upper plate-shaped connection 2 and is fixed. A corresponding opposite, connected to the lower plate-shaped connection 3 and connected with respect to the nominal current contact piece 216 is arranged at a distance from the second fixed nominal current contact piece 211, which is also designed here as a metal tube. To bridge the Distance between the nominal current contact pieces 216 and 211, a slide-like extension 224 is provided on the cylinder 6, which has a substantially tubular shape. The attachment 224 has at its upper end facing the rated current contact 216 a contact surface 224a which interacts with a corresponding rated current contact surface 216a of the rated current contact 216. At the lower end of the extension 224, a further contact surface 224b is provided, which bears against the second fixed nominal current contact piece 211.

Bei der dargestellten Ausführung ist der schlittenartige Ansatz 224 im Inneren des zweiten feststehenden Nennstrom-Kontaktstückes 211 angeordnet, was bezüglich der Durchmesser günstig ist. Bei einer (nicht dargestellten) Ausführungsform der Erfindung kann jedoch der Ansatz 224 auch das, ggf. geschlizte, Nennstrom-Kontaktstück 211 durchgreifen und damit im wesentlichen außerhalb dieses Kontaktstückes angeordnet sein.In the embodiment shown, the carriage-like extension 224 is arranged in the interior of the second fixed nominal current contact piece 211, which is favorable in terms of the diameter. In an embodiment (not shown) of the invention, however, the attachment 224 can also pass through the nominal current contact piece 211, which may have been slit, and can thus be arranged essentially outside of this contact piece.

Auch der in Figur 3 dargestellte autopneumatische Druckgasschalter stimmt wieder teilweise mit dem Schalter der Figur 1 überein.The autopneumatic gas pressure switch shown in FIG. 3 also partially matches the switch of FIG. 1.

Die Stromführung erfolgt bei diesem Schalter über ein rohrförmiges Kontaktstück 322, das fest mit dem unteren plattenförmigen Anschluß 3, verbunden ist, auf den Zylinder 6, der im Inneren des rohrförmigen Kontaktstückes 322 angeordnet ist. An dem der Gabel 8 zugewandten Ende des Zylinders 6 ist ein umlaufender Vorsprung vorgesehen, der als Kontaktfläche 323 ausgebildet ist, die bei der Bewegung des Zylinders 6 auf der Innenwand des rohrförmigen Kontaktstückes 322 gleitet.The current flow in this switch takes place via a tubular contact piece 322, which is firmly connected to the lower plate-shaped connection 3, on the cylinder 6, which is arranged in the interior of the tubular contact piece 322. At the end of the cylinder 6 facing the fork 8, a circumferential projection is provided which is designed as a contact surface 323 which slides on the inner wall of the tubular contact piece 322 when the cylinder 6 moves.

Mit dem beweglichen Zylinder 6 ist im Bereich des beweglichen Leistungskontaktes 5 eine Isolierdüse 312 fest verbunden, aus der das in der Schaltstreckenpumpe 6, 7 beim Ausschalten komprimierte Gas austritt und den Schaltlichtbogen bebläst, der zwischen den Leistungskontakten 4, 5 steht.In the area of the movable power contact 5, an insulating nozzle 312 is fixedly connected to the movable cylinder 6, from which the gas compressed in the switching section pump 6, 7 emerges when it is switched off and blows on the switching arc which is between the power contacts 4, 5.

Diese Isolierdüse 312 weist einen Schirm 313 auf, der in einem feststehenden, mit dem oberen plattenförmigen Anschluß 2 verbundenen Abschirmzylinder 316, beispielsweise einem Metallrohr, gleitend geführt ist.This insulating nozzle 312 has a shield 313, which is guided in a fixed shielding cylinder 316, for example a metal tube, connected to the upper plate-shaped connection 2.

Am Schirm 313 ist ein zum feststehenden Leistungs-Kontakt 4 hin gerichteter zylindrischer Fortsatz 313a aus Isolierstoff angebracht, der koaxial zu dem Abschirmzylinder 316 ausgerichtet ist. Durch diese Gestaltung der Isolierdüse kann die elektrische Schlagfähigkeit wesentlich erhöht werden. Der zylindrische Fortsatz 313a, dessen Länge auf die Länge des Schaltweges abgestimmt ist, weist an seinem offenen Ende einen umlaufenden Vorsprung 315a auf, der an der Innenwand des Abschirmzylinders 316 anliegt. Zweckmäßig ist der Ubergang zwischen dem Abschirmzylinder 316 und dem zylindrischen Fortsatz 313a gasdicht ausgeführt. Zur gasdichten Abdichtung bzw. zur gasdichten Abschottung des Raumes 20, in dem sich die Lichtbogenwolke befindet, ist im Vorsprung 315a eine Dichtung 15, z.B. aus Teflon, vorgesehen. Der Nennstrompfad ist so mit dem Leistungsstrompfad abgestimmt, daß er beim Ausschalten kurz vor dem Öffnen des Leistungsstrompfades öffnet, so daß der Lichtbogen allein im Leistungsstrompfad steht.A cylindrical extension 313a made of insulating material and directed towards the fixed power contact 4 is attached to the screen 313 and is aligned coaxially with the screening cylinder 316. This design of the insulating nozzle can significantly increase the electrical impact. The cylindrical extension 313a, the length of which is matched to the length of the switching path, has at its open end a circumferential projection 315a which bears against the inner wall of the shielding cylinder 316. The transition between the shielding cylinder 316 and the cylindrical extension 313a is expediently gas-tight. For gas-tight sealing or for gas-tight partitioning of the space 20 in which the arc cloud is located, a seal 15, e.g. made of Teflon. The nominal current path is coordinated with the power current path in such a way that it opens shortly before the power current path is opened, so that the arc is only in the power current path.

Der Raum 20 wird von dem Abschirmzylinder 316, dem zylindrischen Fortsatz 313a und dem Schirm 313 der Isolierdüse gebildet. Das als Abschirmzylinder 316 wirkende Metallrohr hat daneben die Funktion der Nennstrom-Führung und ist infolgedessen als erstes feststehendes Nennstrom-Kontaktstück mit entsprechenden Nennstrom-Kontaktflächen 316s versehen. Diese Nennstrom-Kontaktflächen 316a wirken mit Nennstrom-Kontaktflächen 317 zusammen, die an dem der Isolierdüse 312 zugewandten Ende des Zylinders 6 ausgebildet sind, und die im eingeschalteten Zustand an den am Metallrohr vorgesehenen Nennstrom-Kontaktflächen 316a anliegen.The space 20 is formed by the shield cylinder 316, the cylindrical extension 313a and the shield 313 of the insulating nozzle. The metal tube acting as a shielding cylinder 316 also has the function of the nominal current guide and is consequently provided as the first fixed nominal current contact piece with corresponding nominal current contact surfaces 316s. These nominal current contact surfaces 316a cooperate with nominal current contact surfaces 317, which are formed at the end of the cylinder 6 facing the insulating nozzle 312 and which, when switched on, bear against the nominal current contact surfaces 316a provided on the metal tube.

Bei dem autopneumatischen Schalter gemäß Figur 3 wird der kräftige Zylinder 6 zur Stromführung ausgenutzt; wegen der großen Masse des Zylinders und des feststehenden Rohres ergibt sich eine sehr hohe Stromtragfähigkeit bei kleinem Aufwand.In the autopneumatic switch according to FIG. 3, the powerful cylinder 6 is used to carry the current; Because of the large mass of the cylinder and the fixed tube, the current carrying capacity is very high with little effort.

Die Wirkungsweise des in Figur 3 dargestellten Schalters ist folgende:

  • Im eingeschalteten Zustand (nicht dargestellt) fließt der Strom zwischen dem oberen plattenförmigen Anschluß 2 und dem unteren plattenförmigen Anschluß 3 über die beiden Strompfade, den Nennstrompfad 316, 317 und den Leistungsstrompfad 4, 5 zum Zylinder 6 und von diesem über die Kontaktflächen 323 zum rohrförmigen Kontaktstück 322 und zum Anschluß 3. Die Stromführung kann auch vom Zylinder 6 über die Gabel 8 zu (nicht dargestellten) Hochstromkontakten (wie in Fig. 1, Position 11) erfolgen. Wird die Antriebsstange 9 vom Antrieb in Richtung "Aus", d.h. in der Zeichnung nach unten bewegt, so werden, wie dargestellt, die beiden Strompfade getrennt und es entsteht der Schalt-Lichtbogen zwischen den Leistungskontakten 4, 5. Durch die Schaltstreckenpumpe 6, 7 wird ein hoher Blasdruck erzeugt, wobei das komprimierte Isoliergas, meist SF6, aus der Isolierdüse 312 nach oben austritt und den Lichtbogen bebläst und die Lichtbogenwolke, d.h. das Plasma aus der Düse in den Raum 20 zwischen Schirm 313 und dem feststehenden Leistungs-Kontakt 4 fördert, wo es über Öffnungen 18 in dem oberen plattenförmigen Anschluß 2 in die Kuppe 19 der Schaltkammer entweichen kann, von wo aus es über ein nicht gezeichnetes Filter zurück in die Schaltkammer gelangt.
The operation of the switch shown in Figure 3 is as follows:
  • In the switched-on state (not shown), the current flows between the upper plate-shaped connection 2 and the lower plate-shaped connection 3 via the two current paths, the nominal current path 316, 317 and the power current path 4, 5 to the cylinder 6 and from there via the contact surfaces 323 to the tubular Contact piece 322 and for connection 3. Current can also be supplied from cylinder 6 via fork 8 to high-current contacts (not shown) (as in FIG. 1, position 11). If the drive rod 9 is moved by the drive in the “off” direction, ie downwards in the drawing, the two current paths are separated, as shown, and the switching arc arises between the power contacts 4, 5. The switching path pump 6, 7 A high blowing pressure is generated, the compressed insulating gas, usually SF 6 , exiting the insulating nozzle 312 upwards and blowing the arc and the arc cloud, ie the plasma from the nozzle into the space 20 between the screen 313 and the fixed power contact 4 promotes where it can escape through openings 18 in the upper plate-shaped connection 2 in the dome 19 of the switching chamber, from where it passes back into the switching chamber via a filter, not shown.

Gegenüber der in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsform sind verschiedene Ausgestaltungen der Isolierdüse 312 bzw. ihres Schirmes 313 denkbar; wesentlich ist dabei, daß der Raum 20, in dem die Plasmawolke auftritt, durch den Abschirmzylinder 316 und den Fortsatz 313a und den Schirm 313 weitgehend abgedichtet ist, ggf. unter Zuhilfenahme von Dichtungen 15, wie z.B. Dichtungsringen. Dadurch wird die Rückzündfähigkeit vermindert, d.h. die Spannungsfestigkeit enorm erhöht.Compared to the embodiment shown in the drawing, various configurations of the insulating nozzle 312 or its screen 313 are conceivable; it is essential that the space 20, in which the plasma cloud occurs, through the shielding cylinder 316 and the Extension 313a and the screen 313 is largely sealed, possibly with the aid of seals 15, such as sealing rings. The ability to re-ignite is thereby reduced, ie the dielectric strength is increased enormously.

Das erste feststehende Nennstrom-Kontaktstück des Nennstrompfades kann auch durch einen äußeren metallischen Belag auf einem als Abschirmzylinder 316 wirkendem Isolierrohr gebildet werden.The first fixed nominal current contact piece of the nominal current path can also be formed by an outer metallic coating on an insulating tube acting as a shielding cylinder 316.

Auch bezüglich der Kontakte sind Abwandlungen möglich. So sind in Figur 3 die Nennstrom-Kontaktfläche 317 bzw. die Kontaktfläche 323 als umlaufender Vorsprung am Zylinder 6 dargestellt. Es sind jedoch gewisse Abwandlungen möglich, insbesondere das Vorsehen der Kontaktflächen unmittelbar in der Zylinderwandung.Modifications are also possible with regard to the contacts. The nominal current contact area 317 or the contact area 323 are shown in FIG. 3 as a circumferential projection on the cylinder 6. However, certain modifications are possible, in particular the provision of the contact surfaces directly in the cylinder wall.

Figur 4 zeigt einen erfindungsgemäßen Schalter, bei dem in Gegensatz zu dem in Figur 3 dargestellten Schalter nur an der Oberseite des Zylinders 6 eine Kontaktfläche 417 vorgesehen ist, während die Kontaktierung unten über Hochstromkontakte 11 (wie beim Schalter der Figur 1) erfolgt.FIG. 4 shows a switch according to the invention, in which, in contrast to the switch shown in FIG. 3, a contact surface 417 is only provided on the top of the cylinder 6, while the contacting takes place at the bottom via high-current contacts 11 (as in the switch of FIG. 1).

Claims (20)

1. An autopneumatic gas-blast circuit- breaker having a stationary power contact (4) and a movable power contact (5) which is surrounded by an insulating nozzle (12; 312) movable therewith and is mechanically secured to the movable cylinder (6) of a breaker-gap (6, 7) comprising a stationary piston (7), in order to increase the pressure of an insulating gas, wherein the insulating gas compressed in the breaker-gap pump (6, 7) during the circuit break emerges from the insulating nozzle (12; 312) to blast the switching arc between the power contacts (4, 5), characterised in that the staionary power contact (4) is surrounded by a stationary screening cylinder (14; 316) which limits, in the radial direction, a space (20) surrounding the stationary power contact (4) and receiving the insulating gas flowing out of the insulating nozzle (12; 312), and that guided for sliding in the screening cylinder (14; 316) is a screen (13; 313) which is mechanically secured to the insulating nozzle (12; 312) and which variably defines the space (20) in the axial direction.
2. An autopneumatic gas-blast circuit- breaker as claimed in Claim 1 which, apart from the power contacts (4, 5) forming the power current path, comprises further contact members (16, 17; 211, 224, 316, 322) and contact surfaces (216a, 224a, 224b; 316a, 317, 323, 324; 417) which form a parallel rated-current path to the power current path, characterised in that the contact members (16, 17; 211, 216, 224; 316, 322) and contact surfaces (216a, 224a, 224b; 316a, 317, 323, 324; 417) of the parallel rated-current path are disposed outside the space (20) defined by the screening cylinder (14; 316) and the screen (13; 313) and so are screened from the arc radiation and the major part of the arc fission products.
3. An autopneumatic gas-blast circuit- breaker as claimed in Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the screening cylinder (14; 316) is a tube of insulating material.
4. An autopneumatic gas-blast circuit- breaker as claimed in Claim 1 or 2, characterised by a metal tube as a screening cylinder (14; 316).
5. An autopneumatic gas-blast circuit- breaker as claimed in Claim 1 or 2, characterised by an externally metallized tube or insulating material as a screening cylinder (14; 316).
6. An autopneumatic gas-blast circuit- breaker as claimed in Claim 1, 2, 3 or 5, characterised in that the screening cylinder (14; 316) extends beyond the contact end of the stationary power contact (4) in the direction of the movable power contact (5).
7. An autopneumatic gas-blast circuit- breaker as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 6, characterised by a screening cylinder (14; 316) disposed concentrically with the stationary power contact (4).
8. An autopneumatic gas-blast circuit- breaker as claimed in Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the insulating nozzle (12; 312) comprises an annular screen (13; 313).
9. An autopneumatic gas-blast circuit- breaker as claimed in Claim 1, 2 or 8, characterised in that the screen (313) comprises a cylindrical extension (313a) and that the extension is guided for sliding in the screening cylinder (316) in such a manner that the compartment (20) receiving the insulating gas is formed from the screening cylinder (316), the screen (313) and the extension (313a).
10. An autopneumatic gas-blast circuit- breaker as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the transition surface between the screen (13; 313) and the screening cylinder (14; 316) is of gastight construction.
11. An autopneumatic gas-blast circuit- breaker as claimed in Claim 2, characterised in that the parallel rated-current path comprises a first stationary rated-current contact member (16; 216) which is disposed adjacent to the stationary power contact (4) and co-operates with a movable rated-current contact member (17; 224) secured to the movable cylinder (6) of the breaker-gap pump (6, 7).
12. An autopneumatic gas-blast circuit- breaker as claimed in Claim 11, characterised by a metal tube as the first stationary rated-current member (16; 216).
13. An autopneumatic gas-blast circuit- breaker as claimed in Claim 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 10, 11 1 or 12, characterised in that the screening cylinder (316) is constructed as the first stationary rated-current contact member.
14. An autopneumatic gas-blast circuit- breaker as claimed in Claim 13, characterised in that the screening cylinder (316) comprises, at its edge adjacent to the insulating nozzle (312), rated-current contact surfaces (316a) which co-operate with the rated-current contact surfaces (317; 417) secured to the movable cylinder (6) of the breaker-gap pump (6, 7).
15. An autopneumatic gas-blast circuit- breaker as claimed in Claim 11, characterised in that the movable rated-current contact member (224) is constructed in the form of a slide-like attachment of substantially tubular shape.
16. An autopneumatic gas-blast circuit- breaker as claimed in Claim 15, characterised in that the slide-like attachment comprises, at its edge adjacent to the insulating nozzle (12), contact surfaces (224a) which co-operate with contact surfaces (216a) disposed on the stationary rated-current contact member.
17. An autopneumatic gas-blast circuit- breaker as claimed in Claim 15 or 16, characterised in that the slide-like attachment comprises contact surfaces (224b) at its outer circumference, that the contact surfaces (224b) co-operate with a second stationary rated-current contact member (211) which is disposed in the vicinity of the movable power contact (5) at a predetermined distance, which can be bridged by the slide-like attachment, from the first stationary rated-current contact member (216).
18. An autopneumatic gas-blast circuit- breaker as claimed in Claim 17, characterised in that the second stationary rated-current contact member (21 1 ) is constructed in the form of a metal tube.
19. An autopneumatic gas-blast circuit- breaker as claimed in Claim 17 or 18, characterised in that the slide-like attachment is disposed inside the second stationary rated-current contact member (21 1
20. An autopneumatic gas-blast circuit- breaker as claimed in Claim 15 or 16, characterised in that the slide-like attachment co-operates with a second stationary rated-current contact member (211) which engages through the slide-like attachment and is disposed in the vicinity of the movable power contact (5) at a predetermined distance, which can be bridged by the slide-like attachment, from the first stationary rated-current contact member (216).
EP80101074A 1979-03-09 1980-03-04 Puffer-type gas circuit breaker Expired EP0016983B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (13)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19792909264 DE2909264A1 (en) 1979-03-09 1979-03-09 Gas blast circuit breaker - with rated current contact concentric to power contact path separated by insulating screen
DE2909264 1979-03-09
DE7906561 1979-03-09
DE2909270 1979-03-09
DE2909270A DE2909270C2 (en) 1979-03-09 1979-03-09 Auto-pneumatic pressure gas switch
DE2942626 1979-10-22
DE19792942627 DE2942627A1 (en) 1979-03-09 1979-10-22 Auto-pneumatic gas blowout circuit breaker - has screen screening rated-current contacts from high-power contacts to reduce adverse interaction
DE19792942626 DE2942626A1 (en) 1979-03-09 1979-10-22 Auto-pneumatic gas blowout circuit breaker - has screen screening rated-current contacts from high-power contacts to reduce adverse interaction
DE19792942625 DE2942625A1 (en) 1979-03-09 1979-10-22 Auto-pneumatic gas blowout circuit breaker - has screen screening rated-current contacts from high-power contacts to reduce adverse interaction
DE2942624 1979-10-22
DE2942627 1979-10-22
DE2942625 1979-10-22
DE19792942624 DE2942624A1 (en) 1979-03-09 1979-10-22 Auto-pneumatic gas blowout circuit breaker - has screen screening rated-current contacts from high-power contacts to reduce adverse interaction

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0016983A1 EP0016983A1 (en) 1980-10-15
EP0016983B1 true EP0016983B1 (en) 1984-02-08

Family

ID=27561354

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP80101074A Expired EP0016983B1 (en) 1979-03-09 1980-03-04 Puffer-type gas circuit breaker

Country Status (4)

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US (1) US4393290A (en)
EP (1) EP0016983B1 (en)
BR (1) BR8001410A (en)
DE (1) DE7906561U1 (en)

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DE3030749A1 (en) * 1980-08-14 1982-02-25 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt AUTOPNEUMATIC PRESSURE GAS SWITCH
DE3113325A1 (en) * 1981-03-30 1982-06-24 Ernst Prof. Dr.techn.habil. 1000 Berlin Slamecka High-voltage switching chamber
CH653801A5 (en) * 1981-04-06 1986-01-15 Sprecher & Schuh Ag ENCLOSED, HIGH VOLTAGE SWITCH CONTAINING INSULATING GAS.
US4517425A (en) * 1983-09-14 1985-05-14 Mcgraw-Edison Company Self-flow generating gas interrupter
DE3346353A1 (en) * 1983-12-22 1985-07-04 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt AUTOPNEUMATIC PRESSURE GAS SWITCH
FR2563372B1 (en) * 1984-04-24 1988-02-26 Alsthom Atlantique HIGH VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKER WITH ARC BLOWING
DE3722541A1 (en) * 1987-07-08 1989-01-19 Licentia Gmbh Autopneumatic gas-blast circuit breaker
US5059753A (en) * 1987-11-06 1991-10-22 Cooper Industries, Inc. SF6 puffer recloser
DE3930550C2 (en) * 1989-09-13 1998-12-10 Aeg Energietechnik Gmbh Switching chamber for SF¶6¶ circuit breakers
DE9210086U1 (en) * 1992-07-22 1993-11-25 Siemens AG, 80333 München High voltage circuit breakers
FR2695249B1 (en) * 1992-09-03 1994-09-30 Alsthom Gec High or medium voltage circuit breaker with axial discharge.
DE69507453T2 (en) * 1995-05-04 1999-09-02 Ansaldo Ind S P A High voltage switch with dielectric gas with self-blowing
EP2541569B2 (en) * 2011-06-29 2023-12-20 Hitachi Energy Ltd Dual current path for high rated currents
DE102014219535A1 (en) * 2014-09-26 2016-03-31 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Kinematic chain for an electrical switching device and method for setting a relative distance of switching contact pieces
CN107086152B (en) * 2017-05-10 2019-01-22 国家电网公司 Conductive seat and arc-chutes and high-voltage circuitbreaker
DE102017216275A1 (en) 2017-09-14 2019-03-14 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Arrangement and method for switching high currents in high, medium and / or low voltage technology
EP3477675B1 (en) * 2017-10-30 2022-03-02 ABB Schweiz AG Gas-insulated medium-voltage switch with shield device

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DE1207473B (en) * 1962-12-17 1965-12-23 Sprecher & Schuh Ag Gas pressure switch
CH422943A (en) * 1965-07-28 1966-10-31 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Compressed gas switch with closed gas circuit
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CH402111A (en) * 1961-03-27 1965-11-15 Westinghouse Electric Corp Compressed gas switch with filter
DE1207473B (en) * 1962-12-17 1965-12-23 Sprecher & Schuh Ag Gas pressure switch
CH422943A (en) * 1965-07-28 1966-10-31 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Compressed gas switch with closed gas circuit
DE2039240A1 (en) * 1969-08-12 1971-04-08 Merlin Gerin Compressed gas switch, especially with self-blowing

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE7906561U1 (en) 1983-05-05
BR8001410A (en) 1980-11-11
EP0016983A1 (en) 1980-10-15
US4393290A (en) 1983-07-12

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