EP0015837A2 - Parallel-plane antenna with rotating polarisation - Google Patents

Parallel-plane antenna with rotating polarisation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0015837A2
EP0015837A2 EP80400285A EP80400285A EP0015837A2 EP 0015837 A2 EP0015837 A2 EP 0015837A2 EP 80400285 A EP80400285 A EP 80400285A EP 80400285 A EP80400285 A EP 80400285A EP 0015837 A2 EP0015837 A2 EP 0015837A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna
parallel
plane
parallel planes
planes according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP80400285A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0015837A3 (en
Inventor
Albert Dupressoir
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Thales SA
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Thomson CSF SA
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Publication of EP0015837A2 publication Critical patent/EP0015837A2/en
Publication of EP0015837A3 publication Critical patent/EP0015837A3/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/18—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/19—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces comprising one main concave reflecting surface associated with an auxiliary reflecting surface
    • H01Q19/195—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces comprising one main concave reflecting surface associated with an auxiliary reflecting surface wherein a reflecting surface acts also as a polarisation filter or a polarising device
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/02—Waveguide horns

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an antenna with parallel planes of the Pill-Box type or of the "cheese” or “cheese” type in English.
  • antenna with parallel planes of the cheese type or of the Pill-Box type is meant an antenna essentially constituted by two parallel plates limited by a cylindro-parabolic bottom illuminated by a source placed on its focal right, as shown in FIG. 1.
  • the source can be a simple singlemode horn or a multimode source.
  • the TEM, TE and TM modes are possible, the TEM, TE and TM modes. Details on this type of antenna are given in "Les Antennes" by L. THOUREL, published by Dunod, page 285, edition 1976, and in "Microwave ⁇ ntenna Theory and Design", Tome 12, page 459 of the Radiation Laboratories Collection Series (1949 edition).
  • One solution to eliminate this concealment effect without increasing the depth of the antenna consists in making an antenna with parallel planes of the cheese or Pill-Box type, folded in accordance with FIG. 2, where the feed is separated from the part radiant.
  • This antenna consists of two Pill-Boxes or two "cheeses” 41 and 43 coupled together by a slot 44 running all along the parabolic bottom common to the two antennas.
  • the slot 44 is dimensioned so that the assembly formed by the two cheeses 41 and 43 and the slot 44 constitutes a suitable folded guide.
  • the present invention overcomes these drawbacks and relates to an antenna with parallel planes of the "cheese” or “Pill-Box” type, fed from the rear and with polarization rotation.
  • the antenna with parallel planes comprises a cylindro-parabolic bottom consisting of a semi-transparent reflector and a plane containing the focal line of the antenna consisting of a polarizing reflector.
  • One of the advantages of the invention is the reduction in the actual focal distance of the antenna, therefore in the longitudinal dimensions and therefore in the volume and the weight of the antenna to be driven, thanks to the folding of the optical path produced at using the two reflectors.
  • the semi-transparent cylindro-parabolic reflector has a large equivalent focal length allowing the use of sources capable of exciting the antenna with parallel planes under usual conditions of use.
  • Another advantage of the invention is the production of an antenna with parallel planes, the excitation source of which is placed at the rear.
  • FIG. 3 representing an example of embodiment of an antenna with parallel planes according to the invention, in addition to FIGS. 1 and 2 respectively representing an antenna with conventional parallel planes and a folded parallel plane antenna.
  • FIG. 1 represents an antenna with conventional parallel planes. It consists of two parallel plates limited by a cylindrical-parabolic bottom 2, illuminated by a source 3 placed on its focal line F.
  • the source 3 is either a single-mode horn or a multimode source.
  • the mouth of the horn constitutes a linear source equiphase and according to the height H separating the two parallel plates 1, several modes of operation can exist. If the height H is less than half the wavelength at the center frequency of the operating band, n / 2, only TEM mode can exist.
  • the aerial is then most often called the "Pill-Box" antenna. If the height H is greater than ⁇ / 2, the TE and TM modes can propagate, and the aerial is said to be a "cheese” antenna.
  • FIG. 2 Another type of embodiment of an antenna with parallel Pill-Box or cheese faces is shown in FIG. 2.
  • the power source 40 of the antenna is separated from the radiating part 41 by a partition 42 between the feeding 43 and radiating 41 parts.
  • this Pill-Box or folded cheese antenna is constituted by two Pill-Box antennas or two "cheese” antennas coupled by a slot 44 which runs all along the parabolic bottom 45.
  • the part 43 of the folded antenna is excited by the source 40, a horn for example.
  • the slot 44 is dimensioned so that the assembly formed by it and the two cheeses 41 and 43 is a suitable folded guide. This system above all gives good results with a TEM mode.
  • FIG. 3 represents an antenna with parallel planes according to the invention. It is constituted by two parallel plates 8 and 9 limited on the one hand by a semi-transparent reflective cylindrical-parabolic bottom 10 and on the other hand by a plane polarizer reflector assembly 11 perpendicular to the plates 8 and 9 and containing the focal line F of the antenna.
  • the semi-transparent cylindro-parabolic reflector 10 is formed by a network of wires 12 parallel to the plane of polarization of the wave emitted by the source 13.
  • This plane reflector assembly 11 is formed by a reflective plate 14, and by a network 15 son 16 parallel to each other and forming an angle of 45 ° with the plane of polarization of the wave emitted by the source, this assembly ensuring a rotation of polarization.
  • the distance between the plate 14 and the network 15 is substantially equal to a quarter of the wavelength, rv4, to the central frequency of the operating band, this condition not being imperative if one wishes to work in a wide range. bandaged.
  • Metal plates 17, 18, 19 and 20 constitute, with the planar reflector assembly 11, a rectangular parallelepiped box.
  • the wave emitted by the source 13, then reflected by the semi-transparent cylindro-parabolic reflector 10 can be broken down in two orthogonal directions, a first component being parallel to the wires 16 and a second component being perpendicular to the wires 16.
  • the component perpendicular to the wires 16 crosses the grating and is reflected by the reflecting plate 14.
  • the parallel component does not cross the grating 15 and is reflected.
  • the perpendicular component is 180 ° out of phase with respect to the parallel component after being reflected on the reflective plate 14 and having crossed the network of wires 16.
  • This phase delay has the effect of rotating the plane of polarization of the resulting wave radiated a second time by the plane reflector assembly 11 towards the semi-transparent cylindro-parabolic reflector 10.
  • the cylindro-parabolic reflector 10 has become transparent for this incident wave, the polarization plane of which has rotated 90 ° relative to the wave emitted by the source 13, the electric field vector of the emitted wave being perpendicular to the parallel wires of the network 12 carried by the cylindro-parabolic reflector 10.
  • the two networks of parallel wires 12 and 16 can be replaced by parallel reflecting plates or by wires embedded in a glass-resin complex.
  • FIG. 4 Another embodiment of an antenna with parallel “cheese” or Pill-Box planes is shown in FIG. 4.
  • the bottom consists of the flat reflector assembly 11 and having for sides perpendicular to the bottom the metal plates 22, 23, 24 and 25.
  • the metal plates 22 and 24, perpendicular to the bottom, constitute the two parallel plates 8 and 9 of the antenna.
  • the bottom of the box is formed by the reflecting plate 14 located at ⁇ / 4 from the network 15 of wires parallel to each other, making an angle of 45 ° with the plane of polarization of the wave emitted by the source, and is lit by the source 13 placed in the center of the radiant background towards the inside.
  • An opening 26 is made on the entire face opposite the reflective bottom and may have a flared part in the shape of a horn 27 to improve the directivity.
  • the network 10 of parallel wires placed on a surface of cylindro-parabolic shape is placed to make the semi-transparent cylindro-parabolic reflector of the antenna.
  • edges 29 and 28 of the cylindrical-parabolic network 10 are not in the focal plane, but form with it a non-zero angle 2.
  • the fact of closing these edges with solid metal plates 30 and 31 on the focal plane makes it possible to substantially increase the gain of the antenna.
  • This variant is also applicable to the case of the antenna placed in a parallelepiped box as shown in Figure 6.
  • edges 32 and 33 of the network cylindro-parabolic 10 make an angle ( ⁇ not zero with the focal line F.
  • the antenna, object of the invention has a reduced bulk along the axis. focal point of the antenna; hence a reduction in volume and weight while retaining radioelectric characteristics in accordance with those given by a conventional parallel plane antenna.
  • These antennas with parallel planes according to the invention can be used as surveillance and objective designation antennas. They have the same functions as the antennas with parallel planes of the prior art, but with a reduced manufacturing cost at the level of the antenna itself and of its drive mechanisms.

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  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Abstract

Antenne à plans parallèles du type Pill-Box ou fromage dont la partie cylindro-parabolique (10) est constituée par un réflecteur semi-transparent et dont le plan focal est constitué par un réflecteur polariseur. (11) Le réflecteur semi-transparent cylindro-parabolique est constitué par un réseau de fils (12) parallèles au plan de polarisation de l'onde émise par la source. Le réflecteur polariseur est formé d'une plaque réflectrice (14) située à λ/4 d'un réseau (15) de fils parallèles (16) inclinés à 45° par rapport au plan de polarisation de l'onde incidente. Application aux antennes de surveillance et de désignation d'objectif.Antenna with parallel planes of the Pill-Box or cheese type, the cylindro-parabolic part (10) of which is constituted by a semi-transparent reflector and the focal plane of which is constituted by a polarizing reflector. (11) The semi-transparent cylindro-parabolic reflector consists of a network of wires (12) parallel to the plane of polarization of the wave emitted by the source. The polarizing reflector is formed by a reflecting plate (14) located λ / 4 from a network (15) of parallel wires (16) inclined at 45 ° with respect to the plane of polarization of the incident wave. Application to surveillance and target designation antennas.

Description

L'invention concerne une antenne à plans parallèles de type Pill-Box ou de type "fromage" ou "cheese" en langue anglaise.The invention relates to an antenna with parallel planes of the Pill-Box type or of the "cheese" or "cheese" type in English.

Par antenne à plans parallèles de type fromage ou de type Pill-Box, on entend une antenne essentiellement constituée par deux plaques parallèles limitées par un fond cylindro-parabolique illuminé par une source placée sur sa droite focale, comme le montre la figure 1. La source peut être un simple cornet monomode ou une source multimode. Selon la hauteur H séparant les deux plaques parallèles, plusieurs modes de fonctionnement sont possibles, les modes TEM, TE et TM. Des précisions sur ce type d'antenne sont données dans "Les Antennes" de L. THOUREL, édité chez Dunod, page 285, édition 1976, et dans "Microwave Ántenna Theory and Design", Tome 12, page 459 de la Collection Radiation Laboratoires Séries (édition 1949).By antenna with parallel planes of the cheese type or of the Pill-Box type, is meant an antenna essentially constituted by two parallel plates limited by a cylindro-parabolic bottom illuminated by a source placed on its focal right, as shown in FIG. 1. The source can be a simple singlemode horn or a multimode source. Depending on the height H separating the two parallel plates, several operating modes are possible, the TEM, TE and TM modes. Details on this type of antenna are given in "Les Antennes" by L. THOUREL, published by Dunod, page 285, edition 1976, and in "Microwave Ántenna Theory and Design", Tome 12, page 459 of the Radiation Laboratories Collection Series (1949 edition).

Toutefois une telle antenne présente l'inconvénient de l'occùl- tation de son ouverture rayonnante par la source, ce qui a pour effet de détériorer les caractéristiques de rayonnement de l'antenne.However, such an antenna has the drawback of the occultation of its radiating opening by the source, which has the effect of deteriorating the radiation characteristics of the antenna.

Une solution pour supprimer cet effet d'occultation sans augmentation de la profondeur de l'antenne consiste à réaliser une antenne à plans parallèles du genre fromage ou Pill-Box, repliée conformément à la figure 2, où l'alimentation est séparée de la partie rayonnante. Cette antenne est constituée de deux Pill-Box ou deux "fromages" 41 et 43 couplés entre eux par une fente 44 courant tout le long du fond parabolique commun aux deux antennes. La fente 44 est dimensionnée pour que l'ensemble formé par les deux fromages 41 et 43 et la fente 44 constitue un guide replié adapté.One solution to eliminate this concealment effect without increasing the depth of the antenna consists in making an antenna with parallel planes of the cheese or Pill-Box type, folded in accordance with FIG. 2, where the feed is separated from the part radiant. This antenna consists of two Pill-Boxes or two "cheeses" 41 and 43 coupled together by a slot 44 running all along the parabolic bottom common to the two antennas. The slot 44 is dimensioned so that the assembly formed by the two cheeses 41 and 43 and the slot 44 constitutes a suitable folded guide.

Mais un inconvénient présenté par ces deux réalisations d'antennes vient des difficultés au niveau des mécanismes d'entraînement de l'antenne en rotation. En effet, le choix d'une antenne à longue focale conduit à mettre la source d'excitation loin du centre de gravité de l'antenne, ce qui complique d'autant la structure porteuse et augmente la capacité des mécanismes d'entraînement de la tourelle porteuse de l'antenne.However, a drawback presented by these two embodiments of antennas comes from difficulties in terms of the mechanisms for driving the antenna in rotation. Indeed, the choice of a long focal length antenna leads to placing the excitation source far from the center of gravity of the antenna, which complicates the structure all the more. carrier and increases the capacity of the drive mechanisms of the antenna carrier turret.

La présente invention permet de remédier à ces inconvénients et a pour objet une antenne à plans parallèles du type "fromage" ou "Pill-Box", alimentée par l'arrière et à rotation de polarisation.The present invention overcomes these drawbacks and relates to an antenna with parallel planes of the "cheese" or "Pill-Box" type, fed from the rear and with polarization rotation.

Selon une caractéristique de l'invention, l'antenne à plans parallèles comprend un fond cylindro-parabolique constitué par un réflecteur semi-transparent et un plan contenant la droite focale de l'antenne constitué par un réflecteur polariseur.According to a characteristic of the invention, the antenna with parallel planes comprises a cylindro-parabolic bottom consisting of a semi-transparent reflector and a plane containing the focal line of the antenna consisting of a polarizing reflector.

Un des avantages de l'invention est la diminution de la disance focale réelle de l'antenne, donc de l'encombrement longitudinal et par là même du volume et du poids de l'antenne à entraîner, grâce au repliement du chemin optique réalisé au moyen des deux réflecteurs. Le réflecteur cylindro-parabolique semi-transparent présente une grande distance focale équivalente permettant d'utiliser des sources capables d'exciter l'antenne à plans parallèles dans des conditions usuelles d'emploi.One of the advantages of the invention is the reduction in the actual focal distance of the antenna, therefore in the longitudinal dimensions and therefore in the volume and the weight of the antenna to be driven, thanks to the folding of the optical path produced at using the two reflectors. The semi-transparent cylindro-parabolic reflector has a large equivalent focal length allowing the use of sources capable of exciting the antenna with parallel planes under usual conditions of use.

Un autre avantage de l'invention est la réalisation d'une antenne à plans parallèles dont la source d'excitation est placée à l'arrière.Another advantage of the invention is the production of an antenna with parallel planes, the excitation source of which is placed at the rear.

D'autres avantages et caractéristiques de l'invention apparaîtront dans la description qui suit, illustrée par la figure 3 représentant un exemple de réalisation d'une antenne à plans parallèles suivant l'invention, en plus des figures 1 et 2 représentant respectivement une antenne à plans parallèles classique et une antenne à plans parallèles repliée.Other advantages and characteristics of the invention will appear in the following description, illustrated by FIG. 3 representing an example of embodiment of an antenna with parallel planes according to the invention, in addition to FIGS. 1 and 2 respectively representing an antenna with conventional parallel planes and a folded parallel plane antenna.

La figure 1 représente une antenne à plans parallèles clas- siquè. Elle est constituée par deux plaques parallèles limitées par un fond cylindro-parabolique 2, illuminé par une source 3 placée sur sa droite focale F. La source 3 est soit un cornet monomode soit une source multimode. L'embouchure du cornet constitue une source linéaire équiphase et suivant la hauteur H séparant les deux plaques parallèles 1, plusieurs modes de fonctionnement peuvent exister. Si la hauteur H est inférieure à la moitié de la longueur d'onde à la fréquence centrale de la bande de fonctionnement, n/2, seul le mode TEM peut exister. L'aérien est alors le plus souvent appelé antenne "Pill-Box". Si la hauteur H est supérieur à λ/2, les modes TE et TM peuvent se propager, et l'aérien est dit antenne "fromage".FIG. 1 represents an antenna with conventional parallel planes. It consists of two parallel plates limited by a cylindrical-parabolic bottom 2, illuminated by a source 3 placed on its focal line F. The source 3 is either a single-mode horn or a multimode source. The mouth of the horn constitutes a linear source equiphase and according to the height H separating the two parallel plates 1, several modes of operation can exist. If the height H is less than half the wavelength at the center frequency of the operating band, n / 2, only TEM mode can exist. The aerial is then most often called the "Pill-Box" antenna. If the height H is greater than λ / 2, the TE and TM modes can propagate, and the aerial is said to be a "cheese" antenna.

Le fait que la source 3 soit placée devant l'ouverture rayonnante produit cependant un effet de masque, détériorant les caractéristiques de rayonnement de l'antenne Pill-Box ou fromage.The fact that the source 3 is placed in front of the radiating opening however produces a mask effect, deteriorating the radiation characteristics of the Pill-Box or cheese antenna.

Un autre type de réalisation d'une antenne à faces parallèles Pill-Box ou fromage est représenté figure 2.Another type of embodiment of an antenna with parallel Pill-Box or cheese faces is shown in FIG. 2.

La source d'alimentation 40 de l'antenne est séparée de la partie rayonnante 41 par une cloison 42 entre les parties alimentation 43 et rayonnante 41. En effet, cette antenne Pill-Box ou fromage replié est constituée par deux antennes Pill-Box ou deux antennes "fromages" couplées par une fente 44 qui court tout le long du fond parabolique 45. La partie 43 de l'antenne repliée est excitée par la source 40, un cornet par exemple. La fente 44 est dimensionnée pour que l'ensemble formé par elle et les deux fromages 41 et 43 soit un guide replié adapté. Ce système donne surtout de bons résultats avec un mode TEM.The power source 40 of the antenna is separated from the radiating part 41 by a partition 42 between the feeding 43 and radiating 41 parts. Indeed, this Pill-Box or folded cheese antenna is constituted by two Pill-Box antennas or two "cheese" antennas coupled by a slot 44 which runs all along the parabolic bottom 45. The part 43 of the folded antenna is excited by the source 40, a horn for example. The slot 44 is dimensioned so that the assembly formed by it and the two cheeses 41 and 43 is a suitable folded guide. This system above all gives good results with a TEM mode.

La figure 3 représente une antenne à plans parallèles selon l'invention. Elle est constituée par deux plaques parallèles 8 et 9 limitées d'une part par un fond cylindro-parabolique réflecteur semi-transparent 10 et d'autre part par un ensemble réflecteur plan polariseur 11 perpendiculaire aux plaques 8 et 9 et contenant la droite focale F de l'antenne. Le réflecteur cylindro-parabolique semi-transparent 10 est formé par un réseau de fils 12 parallèles au plan de polarisation de l'onde émise par la source 13. Le pas du réseau étant faible devant la longueur d'onde - 12mm pour une fréquence f = 1300 MHz -, le réseau se comporte comme un guide à la coupure pour toute onde polarisée parallèlement aux fils et donc comme un réflecteur. Ainsi l'onde émise par la source 13 se réfléchit totalement sur le réflecteur cylindro-parabolique 10 avant d'aboutir sur l'ensemble réflecteur plan 11. Cet ensemble réflecteur plan 11 est formé par une plaque réflectrice 14, et par un réseau 15 de fils 16 parallèles entre eux et formant un angle de 45° avec le plan de polarisation de l'onde émise par la source, cet ensemble assurant une rotation de polarisation. La distance entre la plaque 14 et le réseau 15 est sensiblement égale du quart de la longueur d'onde, rv4, à la fréquence centrale de la bande de fonctionnement, cette condition n'étant pas impérative si l'on veut travailler dans une large bande.FIG. 3 represents an antenna with parallel planes according to the invention. It is constituted by two parallel plates 8 and 9 limited on the one hand by a semi-transparent reflective cylindrical-parabolic bottom 10 and on the other hand by a plane polarizer reflector assembly 11 perpendicular to the plates 8 and 9 and containing the focal line F of the antenna. The semi-transparent cylindro-parabolic reflector 10 is formed by a network of wires 12 parallel to the plane of polarization of the wave emitted by the source 13. The pitch of the network being small compared to the wavelength - 12mm for a frequency f = 1300 MHz -, the network behaves like a cut-off guide for any polarized wave parallel to the wires and therefore like a reflector. Thus, the wave emitted by the source 13 is totally reflected on the cylindro-parabolic reflector 10 before arriving at the plane reflector assembly 11. This plane reflector assembly 11 is formed by a reflective plate 14, and by a network 15 son 16 parallel to each other and forming an angle of 45 ° with the plane of polarization of the wave emitted by the source, this assembly ensuring a rotation of polarization. The distance between the plate 14 and the network 15 is substantially equal to a quarter of the wavelength, rv4, to the central frequency of the operating band, this condition not being imperative if one wishes to work in a wide range. bandaged.

Des plaques métalliques 17, 18, 19 et 20 constituent avec l'ensemble réflecteur plan 11 une boîte parallélépipédique rectangle.Metal plates 17, 18, 19 and 20 constitute, with the planar reflector assembly 11, a rectangular parallelepiped box.

Dans le plan du réseau 15 de fils parallèles 16, l'onde émise par la source 13, puis réfléchie par le réflecteur cylindro-parabolique semi-transparent 10 peut être décomposée suivant deux directions orthogonales, une première composante étant parallèle aux fils 16 et une second composante étant perpendiculaire aux fils 16. La composante perpendiculaire aux fils 16 traverse le réseau et est réfléchie par la plaque réflectrice 14. La composante parallèle ne traverse pas le réseau 15 et est réfléchie. Ainsi, la composante perpendiculaire se trouve déphasée de 180° par rapport à la composante parallèle après s'être réfléchie sur la plaque réflectrice 14 et avoir retraversée le réseau de fils 16. Ce retard de phase a pour conséquence de faire tourner de 90°le plan de polarisation de l'onde résultante rayonnée une seconde fois par l'ensemble réflecteur plan 11 vers le réflecteur cylindro-parabolique semi-transparent 10.In the plane of the network 15 of parallel wires 16, the wave emitted by the source 13, then reflected by the semi-transparent cylindro-parabolic reflector 10 can be broken down in two orthogonal directions, a first component being parallel to the wires 16 and a second component being perpendicular to the wires 16. The component perpendicular to the wires 16 crosses the grating and is reflected by the reflecting plate 14. The parallel component does not cross the grating 15 and is reflected. Thus, the perpendicular component is 180 ° out of phase with respect to the parallel component after being reflected on the reflective plate 14 and having crossed the network of wires 16. This phase delay has the effect of rotating the plane of polarization of the resulting wave radiated a second time by the plane reflector assembly 11 towards the semi-transparent cylindro-parabolic reflector 10.

Le réflecteur cylindro-parabolique 10 est devenu transparent pour cette onde incidente dont le plan de polarisation a tourné de 90° par rapport à l'onde émise par la source 13, le vecteur champ électrique de l'onde émise étant perpendiculaire aux fils parallèles du réseau 12 porté par le réflecteur cylindro-parabolique 10.The cylindro-parabolic reflector 10 has become transparent for this incident wave, the polarization plane of which has rotated 90 ° relative to the wave emitted by the source 13, the electric field vector of the emitted wave being perpendicular to the parallel wires of the network 12 carried by the cylindro-parabolic reflector 10.

On a ainsi réalisé un système optique dit "replié", c'est-à-dire que dans un encombrement longitudinal réduit, il est possible de placer, par repliement du chemin optique, un miroir cylindro-parabolique de grande distance focale équivalente permettant d'utiliser des sources capables d'exciter l'antenne dans des conditions habituelles d'emploi.An optical system called "folded" has thus been produced, that is to say that in a reduced longitudinal bulk, it is possible to place, by folding the optical path, a cylindro-parabolic mirror of large equivalent focal distance allowing '' use sources capable of exciting the antenna under normal conditions of use.

Les deux réseaux de fils parallèles 12 et 16 peuvent être remplacés par des lames réflectrices parallèles ou par des fils noyés dans un complexe verre-résine.The two networks of parallel wires 12 and 16 can be replaced by parallel reflecting plates or by wires embedded in a glass-resin complex.

Un autre exemple de réalisation d'une antenne à plans parallèles "fromage" ou Pill-Box est représenté figure 4. Pour accroître la directivité de l'antenne, on la réalise à partir d'une boîte métallique 21 de forme parallélépipédique rectangle dont le fond est constitué par l'ensemble réflecteur plan 11 et ayant pour côtés perpendiculaires au fond les plaques métalliques 22, 23, 24 et 25. Les plaques métalliques 22 et 24, perpendiculaires au fond, constituent les deux plaques parallèles 8 et 9 de l'antenne. Le fond de la boîte est formé de la plaque réflectrice 14 située à λ/4 du réseau 15 de fils parallèles entre eux, faisant un angle de 45° avec le plan de polarisation de l'onde émise par la source, et est éclairé par la source 13 placée au centre du fond rayonnant vers l'intérieur. Une ouverture 26 est pratiquée sur toute la face opposée au fond réflecteur et peut présenter une partie évasée en forme de cornet 27 pour améliorer la directivité. A l'intérieur de la boîte, on place le réseau 10 de fils parallèles disposés sur une surface de forme cylindro-parabolique pour réaliser le réflecteur semi-transparent cylindro-parabolique de l'antenne.Another embodiment of an antenna with parallel "cheese" or Pill-Box planes is shown in FIG. 4. To increase the directivity of the antenna, it is produced from a metal box 21 of rectangular parallelepiped shape, the bottom consists of the flat reflector assembly 11 and having for sides perpendicular to the bottom the metal plates 22, 23, 24 and 25. The metal plates 22 and 24, perpendicular to the bottom, constitute the two parallel plates 8 and 9 of the antenna. The bottom of the box is formed by the reflecting plate 14 located at λ / 4 from the network 15 of wires parallel to each other, making an angle of 45 ° with the plane of polarization of the wave emitted by the source, and is lit by the source 13 placed in the center of the radiant background towards the inside. An opening 26 is made on the entire face opposite the reflective bottom and may have a flared part in the shape of a horn 27 to improve the directivity. Inside the box, the network 10 of parallel wires placed on a surface of cylindro-parabolic shape is placed to make the semi-transparent cylindro-parabolic reflector of the antenna.

A titre d'exemple de réalisation non limitatif, les-dimensions de la boîte sont, pour une fréquence de fonctionnement de 1300MHz

  • - pour le fond réflecteur polariseur : 0,165m x 4m
  • pour les grands côtés perpendiculaires au fond : 1,50m x 4m
  • - pour la distance focale réelle : 1,20m
By way of nonlimiting example of embodiment, the dimensions of the box are, for an operating frequency of 1300 MHz
  • - for the polarizing reflector background: 0.165mx 4m
  • for long sides perpendicular to the bottom: 1.50mx 4m
  • - for the actual focal length: 1.20m

Sur la figure 5, les bords 29 et 28 du réseau cylindro-parabolique 10 ne sont pas dans le plan focal, mais forment avec ce dernier un angle 2 non nul. Le fait de fermer ces bords par des plaques métalliques pleines 30 et 31 sur le plan focal permet d'augmenter sensiblement le gain de l'antenne. Cette variante est également applicable au cas de l'antenne placée dans une boîte parallélépipédique comme le montre la figure 6.In FIG. 5, the edges 29 and 28 of the cylindrical-parabolic network 10 are not in the focal plane, but form with it a non-zero angle 2. The fact of closing these edges with solid metal plates 30 and 31 on the focal plane makes it possible to substantially increase the gain of the antenna. This variant is also applicable to the case of the antenna placed in a parallelepiped box as shown in Figure 6.

En effet, sur cette figure, les bords 32 et 33 du réseau cylindro-parabolique 10 font un angle (φ non nul avec la droite focal F.Indeed, in this figure, the edges 32 and 33 of the network cylindro-parabolic 10 make an angle (φ not zero with the focal line F.

Grâce au principe de la rotation du plan de polarisation de l'onde émise par la source d'excitation qui permet de réaliser un système optique replié, l'antenne, objet de l'invention, présente un encombrement réduit le long de l'axe focal de l'antenne ; d'où une réduction de volume et de poids tout en conservant des caractéristiques radio-électriques conformes à celles données par une antenne à plans parallèles classique.Thanks to the principle of rotation of the plane of polarization of the wave emitted by the excitation source which makes it possible to produce a folded optical system, the antenna, object of the invention, has a reduced bulk along the axis. focal point of the antenna; hence a reduction in volume and weight while retaining radioelectric characteristics in accordance with those given by a conventional parallel plane antenna.

Ces antennes à plans parallèles selon l'invention peuvent être utilisées comme antennes de surveillance et de désignation d'objectif. Elles présentent les mêmes fonctions que les antennes à plans parallèles de l'art antérieur, mais avec un coût de fabrication réduit au niveau de l'antenne elle-même et de ses mécanismes d'entraînement.These antennas with parallel planes according to the invention can be used as surveillance and objective designation antennas. They have the same functions as the antennas with parallel planes of the prior art, but with a reduced manufacturing cost at the level of the antenna itself and of its drive mechanisms.

Claims (13)

1. Antenne à plans parallèles constituée par deux plaques métalliques parallèles limitées par un fond cylindro-parabolique et illuminée par une source placée sur sa droite focale à égale distance des deux plaques, caractérisée en ce que le fond cylindro-parabolique est constitué par un réflecteur semi-transparent (10) et que le plan perpendiculaire aux plaques et contenant la droite focale est constitué par un ensemble réflecteur polariseur (11).1. Antenna with parallel planes constituted by two parallel metallic plates limited by a cylindro-parabolic bottom and illuminated by a source placed on its focal line at equal distance from the two plates, characterized in that the cylindro-parabolic bottom is constituted by a reflector semi-transparent (10) and that the plane perpendicular to the plates and containing the focal line consists of a polarizing reflector assembly (11). 2. Antenne à plans parallèles selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le fond cylindro-parabolique réflecteur semi-transparent (10) est formé par un réseau de fils parallèles (12) au plan de polarisation de l'onde émise par la source (13) et disposés sur une surface cylindro-parabolique.2. Antenna with parallel planes according to claim 1, characterized in that the cylindro-parabolic semi-transparent reflective bottom (10) is formed by a network of wires parallel (12) to the plane of polarization of the wave emitted by the source (13) and arranged on a cylindro-parabolic surface. 3. Antenne à plans parallèles selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'ensemble réflecteur polariseur plan (11) est formé d'une plaque réflectrice (14) et d'une grille (15) à rotation du plan de polarisation de l'onde incidente, situées à une distance sensiblement égale au quart de la longueur d'onde, à la fréquence centrale de la bande de fonctionnement, l'une et l'autre et percées au niveau de la source (13) placée derrière la plaque réflectrice (14).3. Antenna with parallel planes according to claim 1, characterized in that the plane polarizing reflector assembly (11) is formed by a reflecting plate (14) and a grid (15) rotating the plane of polarization of the incident wave, located at a distance substantially equal to a quarter of the wavelength, at the center frequency of the operating band, both and pierced at the source (13) placed behind the plate reflective (14). 4. Antenne à plans parallèles selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que la grille (15) à rotation de polarisation est formée d'un réseau de fils parallèles (16), inclinés à 45° par rapport au plan de polarisation de l'onde incidente.4. antenna with parallel planes according to claim 3, characterized in that the grid (15) with polarization rotation is formed by a network of parallel wires (16), inclined at 45 ° relative to the plane of polarization of the incident wave. 5. Antenne à plans parallèles selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce que des plaques métalliques (17, 18, 19 et 20) constituent avec l'ensemble réflecteur plan (11) une boîte parallélépipédique rectangle.5. antenna with parallel planes according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that metal plates (17, 18, 19 and 20) constitute with the plan reflector assembly (11) a rectangular parallelepiped box. 6. Antenne à plans parallèles selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que les fils (16) de la grille (15) à rotation de polarisation sont noyés dans un complexe verre-résine.6. Antenna with parallel planes according to claim 4, characterized in that the wires (16) of the grid (15) with polarization rotation are embedded in a glass-resin complex. 7. Antenne à plans parallèles selon les revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce que les bords (28 et 29) du réseau (10) de fils parallèles cylindro-parabolique sont dans le plan contenant la droite focale de l'antenne.7. antenna with parallel planes according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the edges (28 and 29) of the network (10) of son cylindro-parabolic parallels are in the plane containing the focal line of the antenna. 8. Antenne à plans parallèles selon les revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce que l'angle dièdre (φ) entre les bords (28 et 29) du réseau cylindro-parabolique (10) et le plan focal de l'antenne est différent de zéro, la jonction entre le réseau (10) et le plan focal étant réalisée par des plaques métalliques (30 et 31) pleines perpendiculaires au plan focal.8. Antenna with parallel planes according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the dihedral angle (φ) between the edges (28 and 29) of the parabolic array (10) and the focal plane of the antenna is different from zero, the junction between the grating (10) and the focal plane being produced by solid metal plates (30 and 31) perpendicular to the focal plane. 9. Antenne à plans parallèles selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce que la source rayonnante (13) est un cornet monomode placé sur la droite focale de l'antenne, à mi-hauteur entre les deux plaques métalliques parallèles (8 et 9).9. antenna with parallel planes according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the radiating source (13) is a single-mode horn placed on the focal line of the antenna, halfway between the two parallel metal plates (8 and 9). 10. Antenne à plans parallèles selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que la source rayonnante (13) est multimode.10. Antenna with parallel planes according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the radiating source (13) is multimode. 11. Antenne à plans parallèles selon les revendications 1 à 7, caractérisée en ce que les plaques parallèles (8 et 9) sont constituées par deux plaques métalliques (22 et 24) qui forment avec deux autres plaques métalliques (23 et 25) perpendiculaires à celles-ci une boîte (17) de forme parallélépipédique rectangle ouverte du côté (26) opposé à l'ensemble réflecteur plan polariseur (11).11. antenna with parallel planes according to claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the parallel plates (8 and 9) consist of two metal plates (22 and 24) which form with two other metal plates (23 and 25) perpendicular to these a box (17) of rectangular parallelepiped shape open on the side (26) opposite the plane polarizer reflector assembly (11). 12. Antenne à plans parallèles selon la revendication 8, caractérisée en ce que l'ouverture (26) de la boîte présente une partie évasée (27) en forme de cornet dans la direction d'émission du rayonnement. -12. Antenna with parallel planes according to claim 8, characterized in that the opening (26) of the box has a flared part (27) in the shape of a horn in the direction of emission of the radiation. - 13. Antenne de surveillance et de désignation d'objectif réalisée suivant l'invention.13. Monitoring and objective designation antenna produced according to the invention.
EP80400285A 1979-03-09 1980-02-29 Parallel-plane antenna with rotating polarisation Withdrawn EP0015837A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7906135A FR2451114A1 (en) 1979-03-09 1979-03-09 PARALLEL PLAN ANTENNA WITH POLARIZATION ROTATION
FR7906135 1979-03-09

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EP0015837A2 true EP0015837A2 (en) 1980-09-17
EP0015837A3 EP0015837A3 (en) 1980-10-01

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EP80400285A Withdrawn EP0015837A3 (en) 1979-03-09 1980-02-29 Parallel-plane antenna with rotating polarisation

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US (1) US4297710A (en)
EP (1) EP0015837A3 (en)
FR (1) FR2451114A1 (en)

Cited By (2)

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FR2590081A1 (en) * 1985-11-12 1987-05-15 Rca Corp LINEAR POLARIZED GRID REFLECTING ANTENNA WITH IMPROVED TRANSVERSE POLARIZATION PERFORMANCE
CN106654565A (en) * 2015-12-20 2017-05-10 中国电子科技集团公司第二十研究所 Integrated ultra wide band bias parabolic cylindrical surface array antenna based on MIMO system phased array

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FR2557737B1 (en) * 1983-12-30 1987-12-18 Thomson Csf ANTENNA WITH TWO CROSS-CYLINDRO-PARABOLIC REFLECTORS AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF
US4876554A (en) * 1988-01-19 1989-10-24 Qualcomm, Inc. Pillbox antenna and antenna assembly
US4975712A (en) * 1989-01-23 1990-12-04 Trw Inc. Two-dimensional scanning antenna
US20030103001A1 (en) * 1991-12-10 2003-06-05 Huston Charles D. Golf distance measuring system and method
US6043779A (en) * 1999-03-11 2000-03-28 Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corp. Antenna apparatus with feed elements used to form multiple beams
US6275196B1 (en) * 2000-05-12 2001-08-14 Idigi Technologies, Inc. Parabolic horn antenna for wireless high-speed internet access
AU2002950196A0 (en) * 2002-07-11 2002-09-12 Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation Real-time, cross-correlating millimetre-wave imaging system
TWI292234B (en) * 2004-03-16 2008-01-01 Arcadyan Technology Corp Multi-band antenna apparatus having reflector

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US3771160A (en) * 1970-08-04 1973-11-06 Elliott Bros Radio aerial
US3820116A (en) * 1972-04-24 1974-06-25 Ericsson Telefon Ab L M Double reflector antenna with polarization rotating main reflector

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US2942266A (en) * 1957-07-16 1960-06-21 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Antenna with means for preventing re-radiation into feed guide
US3916416A (en) * 1974-09-24 1975-10-28 Us Navy 360{20 {0 Azimuth scanning antenna without rotating RF joints

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US3771160A (en) * 1970-08-04 1973-11-06 Elliott Bros Radio aerial
US3820116A (en) * 1972-04-24 1974-06-25 Ericsson Telefon Ab L M Double reflector antenna with polarization rotating main reflector

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2590081A1 (en) * 1985-11-12 1987-05-15 Rca Corp LINEAR POLARIZED GRID REFLECTING ANTENNA WITH IMPROVED TRANSVERSE POLARIZATION PERFORMANCE
CN106654565A (en) * 2015-12-20 2017-05-10 中国电子科技集团公司第二十研究所 Integrated ultra wide band bias parabolic cylindrical surface array antenna based on MIMO system phased array

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0015837A3 (en) 1980-10-01
US4297710A (en) 1981-10-27
FR2451114A1 (en) 1980-10-03

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