EP0014812B1 - Brenner für feste Brennstoffe, kombiniert mit flüssigen und/oder gasförmigen Brennstoffen - Google Patents

Brenner für feste Brennstoffe, kombiniert mit flüssigen und/oder gasförmigen Brennstoffen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0014812B1
EP0014812B1 EP19790430022 EP79430022A EP0014812B1 EP 0014812 B1 EP0014812 B1 EP 0014812B1 EP 19790430022 EP19790430022 EP 19790430022 EP 79430022 A EP79430022 A EP 79430022A EP 0014812 B1 EP0014812 B1 EP 0014812B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuels
conduit
air
burner
solid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19790430022
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0014812A3 (en
EP0014812A2 (de
Inventor
Günther Eckelmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Entreprise Generale de Chauffage Industriel Pillard SA
Original Assignee
Entreprise Generale de Chauffage Industriel Pillard SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=6062971&utm_source=***_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0014812(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Entreprise Generale de Chauffage Industriel Pillard SA filed Critical Entreprise Generale de Chauffage Industriel Pillard SA
Publication of EP0014812A2 publication Critical patent/EP0014812A2/de
Publication of EP0014812A3 publication Critical patent/EP0014812A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0014812B1 publication Critical patent/EP0014812B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D17/00—Burners for combustion conjointly or alternatively of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel
    • F23D17/007—Burners for combustion conjointly or alternatively of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel liquid or pulverulent fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D17/00—Burners for combustion conjointly or alternatively of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel
    • F23D17/005—Burners for combustion conjointly or alternatively of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel gaseous or pulverulent fuel

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a burner for the combustion of solid, pulverized or finely divided fuels, alone or in combination with liquid and / or gaseous fuels, for ovens and apparatuses relating to thermal technology, more particularly for rotary ovens, exchangers of heat by suspension in the gases, grates and combustion chambers, for which it is necessary to be able to carry out, even during operation, a very wide adjustment of the shape of the flame.
  • Such burners must allow fuels and combinations of fuels to burn under optimal process conditions using the available air, either as combustion air or that of primary air which can be conveyed through the burner.
  • the construction of the burner must therefore be chosen so that the mixture of transport gas and solid fuel is deflected as little as possible and circulates at the lowest possible speed.
  • the economy of the operation is also favorably influenced by an optimal adaptation of the course of the combustion because, by doing this, one is constrained to use the least possible fuel.
  • burners which consist of a single circuit through which the quantity of fuel chosen or available flows beforehand mixed with air and / or gas through a nozzle-injector. carrier.
  • a notable improvement was obtained when a two-circuit burner was used where the transport air-fuel mixture flows in an axial direction through the external channel and where the divergence and rotation are influenced by an air component clean, which can be adjusted and introduced inside the fuel-air stream.
  • the axial component of the supplied air being already loaded with fuel, it can only vary within a very limited range, which greatly reduces the influence it can have on the shape of the flame.
  • the solid fuel must be brought by the tube at the speed which gives the necessary flow speed on the basis of the volume flow used. This consequently increases the wear and also places greater stress on the wearing parts which are in the intake part as a result of higher volume flow rates.
  • burners for the combustion of pulverulent solid fuels, burners have also been used consisting of three concentric tubes, into which the different components of clean air, transport gas, carbon dust have been tangentially introduced to produce a certain rotation. Due to the absence of flow pieces to create divergence and rotation, one can obtain, particularly in the intermediate ranges, only a very limited effect.
  • the burner must therefore offer the possibility of adjusting the shape of the flame and therefore the course of combustion in the largest possible range and this on.
  • the fuel must be ignited immediately after it leaves the burner.
  • the flame shape must be preserved, especially when the proportion between the different types of fuel is to be adjusted while running.
  • the adjustment devices are rosettes composed of two separate parts which can be offset axially or angularly, at a distance , by means of control rods.
  • shutters are installed upstream and as close as possible to the burner, which make it possible to adjust the volume flow rates in the various circuits and to distribute, during operation, the primary air as a function of the different forms of flow.
  • the charcoal dust which is deposited is again mixed with the transport gas before the outlet section, using an accessory arranged in the corresponding circuit.
  • asymmetrical flame forms can be obtained by using special devices placed in the clean air circuits.
  • the wear in this burner is considerably reduced compared to previous embodiments which were already characterized by limited possibilities of adjusting the flame shape.
  • the carrier gas-pulverized coal mixture can be brought in at the lowest possible speed without flashback in the circuit. By this fact, the conditions necessary for an immediate ignition of the fuel are also improved.
  • the transport gas-pulverized coal circuit can receive several different types of pulverized coal, which are supplied by separate pneumatic systems.
  • a particularly significant thing is that when switching to very different fuels, for example from a solid fuel to a liquid and / or gaseous fuel, it is possible, by adjusting the flame shape by action on the circuits d clean air, compensate for the differences between the thermal characteristics of these fuels.
  • new burner In installations where the burner carries only a small part of the combustion air called primary air, and where the main part arrives in the hearth from a cooler located downstream without it being able to be influenced, new burner has the advantage of being able to operate with very reduced proportions of primary air and therefore of increasing the recovery of the waste heat coming from the cooler.
  • the burner is composed of a fuel and air intake part, the fuel and air supply device made up of four coaxial tubes comprising a stabilizer in the solid fuel pipe and an adjustment device. of the flow and ejection of the various combustible components and of the air.
  • the fuel and air supply device is arranged in an outer casing 13 which has a refractory lining and which is used at the same time for fixing the burner to its support 13a.
  • This fixing is such that all the wearing parts and the linings can be easily replaced even when running thanks to sliding insertion systems. Clean air intakes have shutters or registers that allow you to adjust the chosen volume flow.
  • the intake duct for the transport air and solid fuel mixture includes easily replaceable wear parts, which can be replaced in a few minutes.
  • the device which transports the fuels to the nose of the burner where the flame is located comprises four coaxial tubes which define a central conduit and three annular conduits intermediate between two tubes. Going from the axis to the periphery, these four conduits are numbered from 1 to 4.
  • the first conduit 1 that is to say in the central or axial conduit, there are pipes 1 a and 1 b of supply of liquid and / or gaseous fuel used on the one hand to start the burner and on the other hand to support combustion in the case of burning solid fuels having a particularly low calorific value.
  • the front end of the central duct that is to say the end situated at the nose of the burner, is equipped with a known device 1 for spraying or ejecting the fuels.
  • the second duct 2 conveys clean combustion air.
  • This duct comprises at its front end or in the vicinity thereof, a device 5 which is used to adjust the direction of the flow speed of the air leaving the duct 2 by communicating a rotational movement thereto, c 'is to say a tangential component of the speed, and / or a divergent direction compared to the axis.
  • the device 5 is an adjustable rosette made up of two separate mounted halves. One of the two halves is connected to operating rods or rods 7 which allow, even when running and at a distance, to shift the two parts axially and / or in rotation in order to vary the rotation and / or the divergence of the speed. of air flow at the outlet of the device 5.
  • the third conduit 3 conveys a mixture of transport gas and a solid fuel in the divided state, for example a mixture of pulverized coal suspended in air.
  • the mixture flows axially along the conduit 3 at the lowest possible speed without the need for any device at the front end of the conduit 3.
  • the fourth conduit 4 also carries clean combustion air. It also comprises at the front end or in the vicinity thereof a device 6, similar to device 5, which is used to adjust, even when running, the tangential component and the diverging component of the speed of exit of clean air by remote control 8.
  • the device 6 is for example a rosette. composed of two parts 6a and 6b which delimit between them air passage channels 6c.
  • the remote control mechanism 8 comprises rods which allow the two parts 6a and 6b to be offset axially and / or angularly with respect to each other.
  • the ducts 2a and 4a which supply air proper respectively the conduits 2 and 4 are equipped respectively with volume flow adjustment members 9 and 10, for example dampers or movable flaps, which make it possible to adjust the value of the speed vector of the air at the outlet of the conduits.
  • the registers 9 and 10 allow the primary air distribution between the ducts 2 and 4 to be adjusted on the fly according to the different forms of flow and flame. Only the clean air ducts 2 and 4 comprise adjustment members having a variable section.
  • the conduit 3 which conveys the mixture of carrier gas and solid fuel in the divided state does not have a dead zone in which solid fuel dust could be deposited, creating a risk of a standing fire.
  • the smallest possible amount of solid fuel transport gas is used so that the speed in line 3 remains low.
  • the arrangement of the conduit 12, slightly inclined relative to the conduit 3, and the low speed of the mixture make it possible to obtain long lifetimes of the wearing parts 12 despite the abrasiveness of the solid fuels, in particular pulverized coal. Thanks to the use of a reduced quantity of gas transporting the pulverized solid fuel, the wearing parts 12 have relatively small dimensions and can be replaced in a very short time thanks to a judicious construction.
  • the reference 11 represents a gasket which is inserted in the duct 3, preferably at the entry of the latter, for example a turbulator or stabilizer with fins which communicate to the mixture a swirling rotary movement thanks to which the dust of solid fuel which are deposited on the walls of the conduit 3 are taken up and mixed again with the carrier gas.
  • the suspension of solid fuel particles in the carrier gas is stabilized and homogenized by the device 11, which clearly improves ignition.
  • the device according to the invention comprising four coaxial conduits allows a gradual start, without intervention on the equipment.
  • the burner according to the invention makes it possible to use several qualities of pulverized coals, either separately or simultaneously in all the proportions compatible with their calorific value.
  • the transition to other solid fuels in the finely divided state is facilitated by the fact that the possibilities for adjusting the flame are very wide.
  • a burner according to the invention can also be used to simultaneously burn solid fuels in the divided state and liquid and gaseous fuels.
  • removing one of the fuels does not require changing the shape of the flame.
  • An advantageous application of the burners according to the invention is the equipment of cement kilns in which the solid fuel is particularly abrasive and requires devices which resist corrosion and abrasion.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)

Claims (2)

1. Brenner für feste, zerstäubte oder fein verteilte Brennstoffe und für flüssige und/oder gasförmige Brennstoffe, der das Einstellen der Form der Flamme und der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit der Bennstoffe und der Luft während des Betriebes erlaubt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er in einem äusseren, rohrförmigen Mantel (13), der mit einer feuerfesten Beschichtung versehen ist, drei weitere, koaxiale Rohre besitzt, die vier Kanäle abgrenzen, und zwar: einen ersten, zentralen Kanal (1), der mehrere Leitungen (1a, 1 b) für flüssige und/oder gasförmige Brennstoffe enthält, die eine Vorrichtung (1c) zum Zerstäuben oder Einspritzen dieser Brennstoffe speisen, einen zweiten, ringförmigen Kanal (2), der den zentralen Kanal (1) unmittelbar umgibt und in welchem saubere Luft strömt, einen dritten, ringförmigen Kanal (3), der den zweiten unmittelbar umgibt und eine Mischung aus Teilchen von festem Brennstoff im Schwebezustand in einem Transportgas befördert und einen vierten, äusseren Kanal (4), der äusserlich durch den erwähnten Mantel (13) abgeschlossen wird und saubere Luft befördert, wobei das Vorderende des zweiten und vierten Kanals eine Einstellvorrichtung (5, 6) besitzt, die mit einem Fernstellglied (7, 8) versehen ist, welches es ermöglicht, die Strömungsrichtung der Luft beim Verlassen der erwähnten Kanäle während des Betriebes zu verändern.
2. Brenner nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die im dritten Kanal (3) fliessende Mischung aus Teilchen eines festen Brennstoffes, die in einem brennbaren Gas schweben, besteht.
EP19790430022 1979-02-15 1979-11-16 Brenner für feste Brennstoffe, kombiniert mit flüssigen und/oder gasförmigen Brennstoffen Expired EP0014812B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19792905746 DE2905746C2 (de) 1979-02-15 1979-02-15 Brenner für feinkörnige Festbrennstoffe und deren Kombination mit flüssigen und/oder gasförmigen Brennstoffen
DE2905746 1979-02-15

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0014812A2 EP0014812A2 (de) 1980-09-03
EP0014812A3 EP0014812A3 (en) 1980-11-26
EP0014812B1 true EP0014812B1 (de) 1983-04-13

Family

ID=6062971

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19790430022 Expired EP0014812B1 (de) 1979-02-15 1979-11-16 Brenner für feste Brennstoffe, kombiniert mit flüssigen und/oder gasförmigen Brennstoffen

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0014812B1 (de)
AT (1) AT381782B (de)
BR (1) BR8001040A (de)
DE (2) DE2905746C2 (de)
ES (1) ES488549A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4377978A (en) * 1981-09-03 1983-03-29 Mullite Company Of America Firing system and burner for rotary kiln
ZA817105B (en) * 1981-10-09 1983-01-26 Fang Chang Shien Pulverized-coal and liquid-fuel dual-purpose burner
FR2522115B1 (fr) * 1982-02-22 1986-02-28 Lafarge Conseils Bruleur fonctionnant au charbon ou en regime mixte
GB8324644D0 (en) * 1983-09-14 1983-10-19 Boc Group Plc Apparatus for burning fuel
DE3530683A1 (de) * 1985-08-28 1987-03-12 Pillard Feuerungen Gmbh Verfahren zur herabsetzung der no(pfeil abwaerts)x(pfeil abwaerts)-emissionen von drehrohroefen und brenner zur durchfuehrung dieses verfahrens
DE3715453A1 (de) * 1987-05-08 1988-11-24 Krupp Polysius Ag Verfahren und brenner zur verfeuerung von brennstoff
GB2206195A (en) * 1987-06-26 1988-12-29 Air Prod & Chem Safety system for pulverised fuel burner
GB2206196A (en) * 1987-06-26 1988-12-29 Air Prod & Chem System for burning pulverised fuel
US5178533A (en) * 1989-10-04 1993-01-12 Enterprise Generale De Chauffage Industries Pillard Process for exploiting a burner and burners for a rotary tubular furnance
DE3933050C2 (de) * 1989-10-04 2000-06-15 Pillard Feuerungen Gmbh Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Brenners für Drehrohröfen und Brenner hierfür
DK169633B1 (da) * 1990-01-29 1994-12-27 Smidth & Co As F L Brænder til fast og flydende eller gasformigt brændsel
DK169446B1 (da) * 1991-04-19 1994-10-31 Smidth & Co As F L Brænder til roterovn samt fremgangsmåde til dannelse af en brænderflamme med brænderen
DE4133176A1 (de) * 1991-10-07 1993-04-08 Wulff Maschf Appbau Gmbh Brenner fuer fluessige und/oder gasfoermige brennstoffe
DE19648981B4 (de) * 1996-11-26 2007-02-15 Polysius Ag Brenner
CN1316197C (zh) * 1996-12-27 2007-05-16 住友大阪水泥股份有限公司 燃料燃烧设备和方法
US6951454B2 (en) * 2003-05-21 2005-10-04 The Babcock & Wilcox Company Dual fuel burner for a shortened flame and reduced pollutant emissions
DE102004010063A1 (de) * 2004-03-02 2005-09-22 Khd Humboldt Wedag Ag Drehofenbrenner
DE102006060869A1 (de) * 2006-12-22 2008-06-26 Khd Humboldt Wedag Gmbh Verfahren zur Regelung des Betriebes eines Drehofenbrenners
DE102013004016A1 (de) * 2013-03-08 2014-09-11 Messer Austria Gmbh Mehrstoffbrenner und Verfahren zum Beheizen eines Ofenraums

Family Cites Families (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1661031A (en) * 1928-02-28 Means for burning powdered fitkl
FR1310272A (de) * 1963-03-06
GB342905A (en) * 1930-02-12 1931-02-12 John Graves Mckean Improvements in and relating to apparatus for burning pulverised fuel
US2335188A (en) * 1940-08-03 1943-11-23 Kennedy Van Saun Mfg & Eng Fuel burner
DE1038223B (de) * 1952-12-03 1958-09-04 Eugen Burg & Co Kommanditgesel Brenner fuer Gas und/oder staubfoermige Brennstoffe
DE1067556B (de) * 1958-05-16 1959-10-22 Steinmueller Gmbh L & C Rundbrenner fuer Kohlenstaub
DE1266913B (de) * 1960-02-10 1968-04-25 Hans Boerger Regeleinrichtung fuer den Querschnitt von Duesen, insbesondere fuer Luftauslass-Duesen
DE1868003U (de) * 1962-02-10 1963-02-28 Steinmueller Gmbh L & C Brenner fuer kohlenstaubfeuerungen.
DE1401932A1 (de) * 1962-06-09 1968-10-24 Steinmueller Gmbh L & C Verfahren zum Betrieb von Brennern fuer Kesselfeuerungen
FR1360793A (fr) * 1963-04-02 1964-05-15 Babcock & Wilcox France Brûleur combiné à charbon pulvérisé et à fuel-oil
FR1373353A (fr) * 1963-10-14 1964-09-25 Pillard Chauffage Perfectionnement apporté à la distribution de l'air dans les équipements de brûleurs à combustibles pulvérisés ou diffusés solides, liquides ou gazeux
DE1240209B (de) * 1964-10-14 1967-05-11 Balcke Ag Maschbau Brenner, insbesondere Gasbrenner
DE1966701A1 (de) * 1969-11-28 1973-09-06 Steinmueller Gmbh L & C Brenner fuer die wahlweise verbrennung von kohlenstaub, gas und/oder oel
DE2601591A1 (de) * 1976-01-17 1977-07-21 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Brenner fuer einen ofen
FR2348438A1 (fr) * 1976-04-16 1977-11-10 Colmant Cuvelier Bruleur pour carburant pulverulent
DE2816643A1 (de) * 1978-04-17 1979-10-18 Unitherm Ges Fuer Universelle Kohlenstaubbrenner fuer drehoefen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2905746C2 (de) 1985-11-07
DE2905746A1 (de) 1980-08-21
ES488549A1 (es) 1980-10-01
EP0014812A3 (en) 1980-11-26
ATA306579A (de) 1986-04-15
DE7904137U1 (de) 1982-09-30
BR8001040A (pt) 1980-10-29
EP0014812A2 (de) 1980-09-03
AT381782B (de) 1986-11-25

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