EP0007536A1 - Procédé et dispositif pour la granulation d'un metal fondu en vue de la production de poudre - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour la granulation d'un metal fondu en vue de la production de poudre Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0007536A1
EP0007536A1 EP79102441A EP79102441A EP0007536A1 EP 0007536 A1 EP0007536 A1 EP 0007536A1 EP 79102441 A EP79102441 A EP 79102441A EP 79102441 A EP79102441 A EP 79102441A EP 0007536 A1 EP0007536 A1 EP 0007536A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
jet
gas
pouring
shaped
gas jet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP79102441A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0007536B1 (fr
Inventor
Hans-Gunnar Larsson
Erik Westman
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CONCESSIONE DI LICENZA ESCLUSIVA;MINORA FORSCHUNGS
Original Assignee
ASEA AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ASEA AB filed Critical ASEA AB
Publication of EP0007536A1 publication Critical patent/EP0007536A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0007536B1 publication Critical patent/EP0007536B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
    • B22F2009/088—Fluid nozzles, e.g. angle, distance

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for granulating a melt for the purpose of powder production according to the preamble of claim 1 and an arrangement for performing the method.
  • one or more vertical melt casting jets are hit from the side by a high-speed gas flow, through which the melt is broken up into fine droplets, which quickly solidify into a powder, so that after solidification, a fine structure of the material is maintained.
  • the invention has for its object to develop a method and bushing arrangement of the type mentioned for granulating a melt, by means of which considerably less energy is required for the granulation process than in the known method and in which the bushing arrangement is relatively small measurements can be limited.
  • the invention By means of the invention it is possible to granulate a molten metal with a lower energy consumption than before by suitable formation of the gas jet.
  • the granulation can be carried out in an arrangement whose height is less than that of the known arrangements, so that the building accommodating the system does not have to be excessively high.
  • the invention enables a simpler gas circulation system and easier transport of the melt.
  • the system according to the invention can in many cases be accommodated in existing ironworks buildings.
  • the cost reduction for powder production achieved by the invention extends the area of application of hot isostatic pressing to simpler metal qualities. Alloys that are already well known can now be hot-pressed economically isostatically, which gives them better, more uniform quality than before.
  • the preferably V-shaped main gas jet and the auxiliary gas jet (second jet) have the same main direction, ie they are directed to the same side of the melt pouring jet.
  • the second jet is preferably directed to the intersection between the pouring jet and the bottom of the channel-shaped jet or in such a way that it strikes the pouring jet immediately before it is hit by the gas stream of the channel-shaped jet.
  • a certain flattening or broadening of the melt pouring jet can occur. This flattening facilitates the granulation, so that a smaller proportion of coarse powder grains is obtained.
  • Gas at different pressures can be supplied to the nozzles that form the air jets.
  • the control of the path of the droplets formed and the resulting powder grains can be done by varying the pressure of the gas supplied to one or both nozzles, so that the relative strength of the jets is changed.
  • the arrangement according to the invention for granulating contains a closed container which prevents air from entering.
  • a watering box is attached to the container. From this, molten metal flows down through one or more tap holes into a granulation part of said container.
  • a nozzle which is shaped so that it forms a trough-shaped gas jet is fitted in the granulating part of the container in such a way that the gas jet cuts the pouring jet.
  • the mouth of the nozzle is as close as possible to the downward pouring jet.
  • the droplets that form and the powder grains that result from them are thrown onto a parabolic path and collected in a collecting part in the container that is adapted to this throwing parabola.
  • This is provided with arrangements for removing the powder.
  • the arrangement is provided with a gas supply system.
  • the system contains an auxiliary nozzle that gas stream directed towards the pouring jet and the bottom of the channel-shaped gas jet.
  • a ladle for collecting pouring stream melt can be arranged in the pelletizer under the casting box. In this case, molten metal is caught in the event of any malfunctions and possibly during commissioning, so that the material that first passes through and may contain impurities is not granulated.
  • the system can also contain a cooler and a line for the direct return of gas from the collecting part of the container to the granulating part only for the purpose of cooling the droplets and powder formed. Because of the improved design of the nozzles, the amount of gas in the granulation jets is not always sufficient to cool the droplets and the powder formed to the desired temperature.
  • the method according to the invention can also be used in those pelletizing arrangements in which several pouring jets emerge from the casting box at the same time.
  • a channel-shaped main gas jet and one or more auxiliary gas jets are generated for each pouring jet.
  • FIG. 1 denotes a closed container with a granulating part 2 and a collecting part 3 for powder obtained with a shape adapted to the parabola for droplets formed and thus powder formed.
  • the container rests on a stand 4.
  • the pelletizing part 2 is provided with a pouring box 5 and with a pan 6 attached under this pouring box 5 to catch the melt either in the event of malfunctions or possibly at the start of pouring when the melt is particularly heavily contaminated.
  • D lower wall 7 of the collecting part 3 is oblique. The angle of inclination is greater than the natural angle of fall of the powder.
  • the powder obtained is collected in a container 8.
  • the container 1 has a first inspection window 9 on one side wall of the granulating part directly in front of the pouring stream and a second inspection window 10 on the one side wall of the collecting part 3.
  • a removal opening for the discharge of the used gas In the upper wall of the collecting part 3 there is a removal opening for the discharge of the used gas.
  • a cooler 11 is connected to this opening, through which the gas heated during the granulation process is cooled.
  • Part of the gas is returned to the granulating part 2 via lines 12, 13, 14, 15 and 16.
  • Another part of the gas is drawn through cleaning filters to a compressor, which supplies the pelletizing nozzles of the system with gas.
  • Figure 2 shows the casting box 5 with molten metal.
  • a tap opening 17 through which a vertical pouring jet 18 is generated.
  • a main nozzle 19 and an auxiliary nozzle 20 are arranged to the side of the pouring jet 18.
  • the main nozzle 19 has a V-shaped opening 21 (Fig. 3) which creates a V-shaped gas jet 22 which shatters the pouring jet 18 into droplets which cool rapidly and form powder 23 which is in a parabolic trajectory into the collecting part 3 of the container 1 is thrown.
  • the acute angle of the V-shaped air jet can be between 15 ° and 60 °. An acute angle is generally the most convenient. Because the gas jet 22 is V-shaped, two elliptical cut surfaces are obtained when the gas jet 22 hits the pouring jet 18. The gas jet gets a large effective width and thus a strong ability to break the pouring jet into small powder grains.
  • the nozzle 19 is provided on its upper side with a groove 25.
  • the auxiliary nozzle 20 is directed so that a jet 26 blows down into this channel and into the channel of the gas jet 22 formed.
  • the auxiliary nozzle is also directed so that the auxiliary gas jet 26 hits the pouring jet 18.
  • the main nozzle 19, which produces the V-shaped gas jet 22, can be composed, for example, of a first part 19a with a supply duct 27 for gas and a second part 19b, which is connected to the part 19a by means of bolts 28.
  • the parts 19a and 19b are designed such that a channel 31 with an outwardly increasing width is formed between the walls 29 and 30.
  • the nozzle therefore has a so-called De Laval version, which means that the energy of the compressed gas is used to a high degree, which gives the gas jet a very high speed and a high energy content.
  • the part 19b in the nozzle 19 can be vertically displaceable relative to the part 19a, so that the width of the channel is adjustable.
  • the auxiliary nozzle 20 blows gas into the channel 25 at the nozzle mouth, so that a negative pressure created by the ejector effect is eliminated and thus the suction of melt in the nozzle orifice is prevented. This prevents the melt of the pouring jet 18 from coming into contact with the nozzle and settling on the nozzle, as a result of which the flow properties of the nozzle can be adversely affected or the nozzle can be completely clogged.
  • This protective effect of the jet 26 makes it possible to move the main nozzle closer to the pouring jet 18. As a result, the energy loss in the gas jet 22 is less until it meets the melt of the pouring jet 18. This means that the Zerstäubungswir- is more ung k, thereby obtaining a high-quality powder containing a lower proportion of coarse grains, which have to be sieved. A corresponding gas supply on the other sides of the nozzle can also be advantageous.
  • the gas jet 26 also has another important effect. By changing the pressure of the supplied gas and thus the speed and the amount of gas of the gas jet 26, the throwing parabola for the resulting powder can be influenced in such a way that the throwing path adapts best to the shape of the collecting part 3. In this way, the point in time at which the resulting powder reaches the ground can be influenced to a certain extent. This makes it easier to achieve sufficient cooling of the powder grains obtained, so that there is no sticking together.
  • the nozzles 19 and 20 can also be designed as a unit, as shown in FIG. 5.
  • the nozzle 20 is formed from a channel in one part 19a of the main nozzle 19.
  • FIG. 7 shows a nozzle 19 with two auxiliary nozzles 20a and 20b, the orifices of which are arranged close to the uppermost parts of the V-shaped nozzle opening 21.
  • the angle ⁇ (FIG. 2) between the main nozzle 19 and the pouring jet 18 can vary within wide limits.
  • the angle ⁇ can be in the range from 45 ° to 135 °, preferably it is between 60 0 and 100 0 .
  • the design of the gas jet enables the pouring jet to be atomized with a smaller amount of gas than in known designs. This achieves a considerable reduction in the energy requirement for the compression of the gas and a considerable reduction in the required cleaning devices for the gas which is removed from the container 1 for cleaning.
  • the amount of gas required to solidify the melt droplets into solid powder is greater than that consumed by the nozzles 19 and 20. A certain part of the amount of gas which is removed from the collecting part 3 by the cooler 11 is returned to the granulating part 2 in the container 1 via the lines 12, 13, 14, 15 and 16 without cleaning.
  • the nozzle 19 is mounted in the cooling air flow.
  • a suitable driving force for the cooling air flow can be achieved by a suitable design of its cross section. This ejector effect alone or in combination with a fan can cause the gas circulation required to cool the drops and the powder.
  • the invention makes it possible to reduce the height of the granulating plant. This is achieved by making the gas flow channel-shaped so that a pouring jet can be broken up directly into droplets which form a powder of a suitable particle size without the droplet jet being cut by a crossing second gas jet.
  • Known effective pelletizers using gas as the pelletizer require cooling towers that are more than six meters high. This necessitates expensive high-rise buildings and expensive transportation for the vertical transport of raw material for melting furnaces or for molten metal.
  • the granulating plant according to the invention can be accommodated in containers that are only three meters high. As a result, you can achieve great savings in new buildings. Above all, the plant can be accommodated in existing ironworks buildings, and you can use the smelting plants and transport aids available in these. This means that the changeover to powder production according to the invention results in relatively low costs.

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  • Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
  • Glanulating (AREA)
EP79102441A 1978-07-21 1979-07-16 Procédé et dispositif pour la granulation d'un metal fondu en vue de la production de poudre Expired EP0007536B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE7808028 1978-07-21
SE7808028A SE412712B (sv) 1978-07-21 1978-07-21 Forfarande och anleggning for framstellning av pulver genom granulering av smelta

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0007536A1 true EP0007536A1 (fr) 1980-02-06
EP0007536B1 EP0007536B1 (fr) 1982-05-12

Family

ID=20335482

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP79102441A Expired EP0007536B1 (fr) 1978-07-21 1979-07-16 Procédé et dispositif pour la granulation d'un metal fondu en vue de la production de poudre

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US4385878A (fr)
EP (1) EP0007536B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS5518593A (fr)
AU (1) AU528552B2 (fr)
BR (1) BR7904670A (fr)
CA (1) CA1125964A (fr)
DE (1) DE2962800D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES482659A1 (fr)
SE (1) SE412712B (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3117486A1 (de) * 1980-05-13 1982-01-21 ASEA AB, 72183 Västerås "verfahren zur herstellung von rostfreiem, ferritisch-austenitischem stahl"
EP0192383A2 (fr) * 1985-02-18 1986-08-27 National Research Development Corporation Procédé pour la distribution d'un liquide sur un substrat
EP0372918A2 (fr) * 1988-12-08 1990-06-13 Elkem A/S Poudre de silicium et procédé de sa préparation

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4778516A (en) * 1986-11-03 1988-10-18 Gte Laboratories Incorporated Process to increase yield of fines in gas atomized metal powder
US4784302A (en) * 1986-12-29 1988-11-15 Gte Laboratories Incorporated Gas atomization melt tube assembly
US4780130A (en) * 1987-07-22 1988-10-25 Gte Laboratories Incorporated Process to increase yield of fines in gas atomized metal powder using melt overpressure
US5190701A (en) * 1987-12-09 1993-03-02 H.G. Tech Ab Method and equipment for microatomizing liquids, preferably melts
GB0708385D0 (en) * 2007-05-01 2007-06-06 Atomising Systems Ltd Method and apparatus for the gas atomisation of molten metal
US20170297113A1 (en) * 2014-09-21 2017-10-19 Hatch Ltd. Gas atomization of molten materials using by-product off-gases

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2158144B (de) * Deutsche Edelstahlwerke GmbH, 4150Krefeld Verfahren zum Kühlen von durch Verdüsen eines Metallgießstrahls erzeugten Metalltropfen
DE2108050B2 (de) * 1970-02-19 1973-10-18 Kelsey-Hayes Co., Romulus, Mich. (V.St.A.) Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Metallpulver
DE2240643B2 (de) * 1971-08-24 1974-07-11 Stora Kopparbergs Bergslags Ab, Falun (Schweden) Düsenstein für Gießpfannen an MetaJlverdüsungsanlagen
DE2724640A1 (de) * 1976-06-03 1977-12-15 Inco Europ Ltd Verfahren zum herstellen von zerstaeubungspulvern

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1356780A (en) * 1917-07-23 1920-10-26 American Magnesium Corp Apparatus for the manufacture of magnesium powder
US2638626A (en) * 1949-09-29 1953-05-19 Henry A Golwynne Apparatus for the production of metal powder
FI51602C (fi) * 1973-12-19 1977-02-10 Outokumpu Oy Tapa ja laite sulan aineen hajottamiseksi kaasumaisen tai höyrymäisen aineen suihkulla.
US4080126A (en) * 1976-12-09 1978-03-21 The International Nickel Company, Inc. Water atomizer for low oxygen metal powders

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2158144B (de) * Deutsche Edelstahlwerke GmbH, 4150Krefeld Verfahren zum Kühlen von durch Verdüsen eines Metallgießstrahls erzeugten Metalltropfen
DE2108050B2 (de) * 1970-02-19 1973-10-18 Kelsey-Hayes Co., Romulus, Mich. (V.St.A.) Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Metallpulver
DE2240643B2 (de) * 1971-08-24 1974-07-11 Stora Kopparbergs Bergslags Ab, Falun (Schweden) Düsenstein für Gießpfannen an MetaJlverdüsungsanlagen
DE2724640A1 (de) * 1976-06-03 1977-12-15 Inco Europ Ltd Verfahren zum herstellen von zerstaeubungspulvern

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3117486A1 (de) * 1980-05-13 1982-01-21 ASEA AB, 72183 Västerås "verfahren zur herstellung von rostfreiem, ferritisch-austenitischem stahl"
DE3117486C2 (fr) * 1980-05-13 1992-04-30 Asea Ab, Vaesteraas, Se
DE3117486C3 (de) * 1980-05-13 1998-04-09 Asea Ab Verfahren zur Herstellung von rostfreiem, ferritisch-austenitischem Stahl
EP0192383A2 (fr) * 1985-02-18 1986-08-27 National Research Development Corporation Procédé pour la distribution d'un liquide sur un substrat
EP0192383A3 (en) * 1985-02-18 1987-01-28 National Research Development Corporation Method of distributing liquid onto a substrate
EP0372918A2 (fr) * 1988-12-08 1990-06-13 Elkem A/S Poudre de silicium et procédé de sa préparation
EP0372918A3 (fr) * 1988-12-08 1991-07-24 Elkem A/S Poudre de silicium et procédé de sa préparation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES482659A1 (es) 1980-09-01
JPS5518593A (en) 1980-02-08
AU4895079A (en) 1980-01-24
EP0007536B1 (fr) 1982-05-12
BR7904670A (pt) 1980-04-15
DE2962800D1 (en) 1982-07-01
CA1125964A (fr) 1982-06-22
US4385878A (en) 1983-05-31
SE412712B (sv) 1980-03-17
AU528552B2 (en) 1983-05-05
SE7808028L (sv) 1980-01-23

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