EP0003323A1 - Hinge - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP0003323A1
EP0003323A1 EP79100144A EP79100144A EP0003323A1 EP 0003323 A1 EP0003323 A1 EP 0003323A1 EP 79100144 A EP79100144 A EP 79100144A EP 79100144 A EP79100144 A EP 79100144A EP 0003323 A1 EP0003323 A1 EP 0003323A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hinge
links
another
articulation points
hinge according
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Granted
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EP79100144A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0003323B1 (en
Inventor
Georg Felkel
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Individual
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Individual
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05DHINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
    • E05D3/00Hinges with pins
    • E05D3/06Hinges with pins with two or more pins
    • E05D3/18Hinges with pins with two or more pins with sliding pins or guides
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05DHINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
    • E05D11/00Additional features or accessories of hinges
    • E05D11/10Devices for preventing movement between relatively-movable hinge parts
    • E05D11/1014Devices for preventing movement between relatively-movable hinge parts for maintaining the hinge in only one position, e.g. closed
    • E05D11/1021Devices for preventing movement between relatively-movable hinge parts for maintaining the hinge in only one position, e.g. closed the hinge having two or more pins and being specially adapted for cabinets or furniture
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05YINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2900/00Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
    • E05Y2900/20Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for furniture, e.g. cabinets

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hinge which is suitable for furniture doors and other pivotally attached parts.
  • a hinge according to the preamble of claim 1 is known (DE-OS 2 157 147), in which the articulated link pairs form parallelograms, so that the loaded links are parallel to each other in all positions of the hinge.
  • the pivot angle of this hinge is limited from 90 ° to less than 180 ° because the two parallelograms cannot be stretched in a line.
  • a hinge of similar construction in which the two hinge halves are pivotally connected to one another by two crossing pairs of links articulated at three points, with a support which is resilient when opening and closing and which exceeds a dead center between two handlebars is provided.
  • This support can be designed as a spring or as a curve piece in connection with an adjacent pin.
  • This construction is intended to ensure that the two hinge halves are held at least in the closed position with a certain force to be overcome when opening without the aid of special snap devices become.
  • This hinge also does not allow a swivel range over 180 °.
  • the invention solves the problem of allowing a pivoting range of the hinge from 90 ° beyond 180 ° and in particular up to 360 °.
  • the advantage of the invention is to be seen in the fact that only by a different arrangement and design of the known hinge parts, i.e. without additional effort compared to the prior art, a substantial increase in the pivoting range of the hinge is achieved, the handlebars being pivoted towards one another beyond a kinenatic dead center .
  • the two hinge halves consist of identical components.
  • a hinge half is formed by an outer, in cross-section approximately U-shaped link 1 and an inner, relatively thin and elastic link 2, which can be accommodated in the open position of the hinge according to FIG. 2 in the outer link 1.
  • the two links 1 and 2 are each articulated with a joint 3 or 4 on a base 5, with which the hinge half is fastened, for example, to a furniture door 6 by means of screws.
  • the link 1 is through an articulation point 7 connected to the corresponding outer link 1 'of the other hinge half.
  • the inner link 2 is connected to the corresponding link 2 'via an articulation point 8 which is arranged at a certain distance from the ends of these links.
  • the link 2 is connected at the outer end via a hinge point 9 to the outer link 1 'of the other hinge half. In a corresponding manner, the link 2 'is articulated to the link 1 via an articulation point 10.
  • the articulation points 3 and 4 on the base 5 are arranged such that the connecting line between the articulation points 3 and 4 is approximately parallel to the contact surface of the base or to the part to be pivoted.
  • articulation points 3 'and 4' are formed in an identical manner on a base 5 'which is fastened, for example, to a frame 11.
  • the bases are chamfered at an angle of approximately 45 ° to the support surface from G so that they can be arranged practically adjacent to one another in the corner between the door 6 and the frame 11 in order to achieve a compact arrangement, as shown in FIG. 1 shows.
  • the bases 5 and 5 ' are expediently fastened to the door or to the frame via an intermediate plate 12, this intermediate plate 12 being screwed directly onto the door 6 or to the frame 11 and the base being adjustably fastened to the intermediate plate.
  • a kind of toothing is provided between the base and the intermediate plate.
  • the adjustability between the individual parts of a base provided to facilitate assembly can be designed in various ways. It is also possible to attach the base directly to the respective part by means of screws, for which elongated holes are expediently provided on the base.
  • the articulation points are designed as pin bearings, the pin at the articulation points 4 and 4 'being secured against sliding out by the overlapping legs of the outer links 1 and 1'.
  • the pin bearings 9 and 10 can also be formed between the legs of the U-shaped outer link 1 and 1 '.
  • the distance between the articulation points 3 and 4 or 3 'and 4' is smaller than the distance between the corresponding articulation points 7 and 9 or 7 and 10.
  • the distance of the articulation point 8 from the articulation points 9 and 10 essentially corresponds to the distance from the Hinge point 7 from the hinge points 9 and 10, but it can also be made smaller.
  • This design of the distances between the Geiekstellen at the base and at the connecting end of the handlebars a kind of crank movement is achieved on the two hinge halves when pivoting the hinge, so that the dead center can be easily overcome and the pivoting range of the hinge is no longer limited.
  • the articulation point 8 executes a back and forth movement in the direction of the articulation point 7, the articulation points 9 and 10 moving outwards and inwards essentially perpendicularly thereto.
  • the connecting lines of the articulation points 3, 4, 7 and 9 of the one hinge half do not in any case form a parallelogram due to the shorter design of the distance between the articulation points 3 and 4.
  • the crank formed by the four-bar linkage 3, 4, 7 and 9 acts first, and when the dead center is exceeded, the crank function of that formed by the four-bar linkage 3 ', 4', 7 and 10 Crank of the other hinge half is taken over.
  • the two cranks of the hinge halves are combined in their function by the hinge point 8.
  • the handlebars 1 and 2 are opened and closed in the same way as pliers.
  • the two inner links 2 and 2 ' are designed to be resiliently elastic. Through this elastic design results in a holding force in the end positions of the door 5. All four links can also be designed to be elastic, but the rigid design of the cross-sectionally U-shaped outer link 1 and 1 ', which the elastic inner link 2 and 2' enclose, very cheap in terms of the stability of the hinge.
  • an additional spring 14 can be provided, which is curved in an undulating manner and has ends 15 at shoulders 15 on the inside of the outer handlebars 1 and 1 'supports.
  • the spring 14 rests on the hinge pin of the hinge point 8, the spring at this point being correspondingly curved to engage the hinge pin, as shown in FIG. 1.
  • the curvatures lying on both sides serve to receive the bolts of the articulation points 9 and 10 in the open position, as shown in FIG. 2.
  • the pairs of links 1, 2 and 1 ', 2' are approximately bent in a right angle, wherein the Sc 'l grandchild length on the connection side of the two pairs of links is substantially determined by the thickness dimension of the door and frame, such as the .fig. 2 shows.
  • This configuration of the angled handlebar pairs which are arranged opposite each other with the angular opening, enables a pivoting movement of the door 6 in conjunction with the specified distance of the articulation points and the resilient design of at least one handlebar, in which the door initially moves out of 90 ° -Location (Fig. 1) can be lifted from the frame 11 and pivoted in an arc into the 270 ° position shown in Fig. 2. If the frame 11 has only a small thickness, as the embodiment in FIG.
  • the door 6 can still be pivoted beyond the 270 ° position and placed obliquely on the frame, so that overtightening of the hinge is not possible.
  • the frame can also have a larger thickness dimension.
  • the wide pivoting range of the hinge not only prevents the door from breaking away from the frame by opening it too far, but also ensures good fastening with thin wall thicknesses and relatively soft material of the parts to be pivoted relative to one another. This results in a versatile use of the hinge. For example, motor vehicles with doors that can be pivoted through 180 ° still have external storage locations exposed to road dirt.
  • the inventive construction of a hinge which can be arranged inside despite the large swivel range, hereby achieves a substantial improvement.
  • the inner links 16 and 17, like the outer links 18 and 19, are rigid, wherein instead of the resilient handlebar design in the embodiment described above, a positive guidance of a pivot pin 20 in elongated holes 21 is provided at the articulation point 8. These longitudinal holes 21 are formed in both links 16 and 17.
  • the elongated hole runs in the direction of the connecting line of the articulation points 8 and 9.
  • the elongated hole runs in the handlebar 17 in the direction of the connecting line between the articulation points 8 and 10.
  • the pivot pin 20 can be held in the elongated holes approximately in the middle of a shoulder or Have flange with which it is held between the two links 16 and 17.
  • the form-fitting guidance at the articulation point 8 enables the dead center to be exceeded, with the pivot pin 20 resting on one side of the elongated hole before reaching the dead center, while the dead center of the pivot pin 20 on the opposite side after the dead center has been exceeded Side of the elongated hole comes to rest, the crank movement being transferred to the other half of the hinge.
  • an articulation point in the form of a pivot pin which can be displaced in an elongated hole can also be provided at another point on the hinge, for example at one of the other articulation points 7, 9 or 10 or also at one of the articulation points 3, 4 on the base, in which case the latter embodiment, a corresponding elongated hole must be provided on each base, for example at the articulation points 3 and 3 '.
  • the alignment of the elongated hole results from the action on the articulation points during the pivoting movement of the hinge.
  • the elongated hole runs in the direction of the connecting line of the articulation points 3 and 4.
  • the elongated holes are likewise arranged in the direction of the connecting lines of the associated joints, at the articulation point 10 of the link 13, in accordance with the configuration according to FIG for example in the direction of the connecting line between the articulation points 7 and 10, as well as in the arrangement of the elongated hole at the articulation point 7.
  • the arrangement of the positive guidance of a joint at the articulation points 8 and 7 has the advantage that the two hinge halves can be designed identically. 3, the articulation points on the base are each at a smaller distance than the associated articulation points at the connection end.
  • a spring attached to the handlebar 19 is shown in FIG. 3 at 22, which spring can snap into corresponding recesses 23 on the inner handlebar 16 in the open and closed position.
  • Such a catch can also be provided at another location between the outer and inner link, as is also the case with the construction according to FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the spring 14 can also be locked on the articulation 9 and 10, wherein it is supported in a latching manner at the transition of the outer links 18 and 19.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Hinges (AREA)

Abstract

1. Hinge with two pairs of linkages, which are each hinged at one end to a base (5, 5'), by means of which the hinge can be fixed to the parts (6, 11) which are to be swivelled relative to one another, and which pairs of linkages are pivotally joined to one another in the form of a four-bar linkage, - the inner linkages (2, 2' ; 16, 17) crossing over and being pivotally joined to one another at the cross-over point, - the free ends of the outer linkage (1, 1' ; 18, 19) being hinged to one another, and - the free ends of the inner linkage (2, 2' ; 16, 17) being hinged, in the zone of the free ends of the outher linkages (1, 1' ; 18, 19), to the latter with the formation of a four-bar linkage, characterized in that - the distance between the hinge points (3, 4 ; 3', 4') on the base (5, 5') of each pair of linkages is smaller than the distance between the corresponding hinge points (7, 9 or 7, 10) on the opposite end of the connection, - the linkages (1, 2 ; 1', 2' ; 16, 19 ; 17, 18) each have two arms extending at an angle to one another, the bending points, located in the central zone, of each pair of linkage facing away from one another, and - at least one of the linkages (1, 2 ; 1', 2' ; 16, 19 ; 17, 18) is resiliently elastic or - at least one of the hinge points (3, 4 ; 3', 4' ; 7-10) is formed as a positive guide for a hinge pin (20) which is displaceable and rotatable in a slot (21).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Scharnier, das für Möbeltüren und andere verschwenkbar angebrachte Teile geeignet ist.The invention relates to a hinge which is suitable for furniture doors and other pivotally attached parts.

Es ist ein Scharnier gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 bekannt (DE-OS 2 157 147), bei dem die gelenkig miteinander verbundenen Lenkerpaare Parallelogramme bilden, so daß die geladen Lenker in allen Stellungen des Scharniers parallel zueinander liegen. Der Schwenkwinkel dieses Scharniers ist von 90° aus auf weniger als 180° beschränkt, weil die beiden Parallelogramme nicht in eine Linie gestreckt werden können.A hinge according to the preamble of claim 1 is known (DE-OS 2 157 147), in which the articulated link pairs form parallelograms, so that the loaded links are parallel to each other in all positions of the hinge. The pivot angle of this hinge is limited from 90 ° to less than 180 ° because the two parallelograms cannot be stretched in a line.

Aus der DE-OS 1 559 997 ist ein ähnlich aufgebautes Scharnier bekannt, bei dem die beiden Scharnierhälften durch zwei sich kreuzende, aneinander in drei Punkten angelenkte Lenkerpaare schwenkbar miteinander verbunden sind, wobei eine beim Öffnen und Schließen federnd nachgiebige und einen Totpunkt überschreitende Abstützung zwischen zwei Lenkern vorgesehen ist. Diese Abstützung kann als Feder oder als Kurvenstück in Verbindung mit einem anliegenden Zapfen ausgebildet sein. Durch diese Bauweise soll erreicht werden, daß die beiden Scharnierhälften zumindest in der Schließstellung mit einer gewissen, beim Öffnen zu überwindenden Kraft ohne Zuhilfenahme von besonderen Schnappervorrichtungen festgehalten werden. Auch dieses Szharnier ermöglicht keinen Schwenkbereich über 180°.From DE-OS 1 559 997 a hinge of similar construction is known, in which the two hinge halves are pivotally connected to one another by two crossing pairs of links articulated at three points, with a support which is resilient when opening and closing and which exceeds a dead center between two handlebars is provided. This support can be designed as a spring or as a curve piece in connection with an adjacent pin. This construction is intended to ensure that the two hinge halves are held at least in the closed position with a certain force to be overcome when opening without the aid of special snap devices become. This hinge also does not allow a swivel range over 180 °.

Die Erfindung, wie sie in den Ansprüchen gekennzeichnet ist, löst die Aufgabe, einen Schwenkbereich des Scharniers ausgehend von 90° über 180° hinaus und insbesondere bis 360° zu ermöglichen.The invention, as characterized in the claims, solves the problem of allowing a pivoting range of the hinge from 90 ° beyond 180 ° and in particular up to 360 °.

Der Vorteil der Erfindung ist darin zu sehen, daß nur durch eine andere Anordnung und Gestaltung der bekannten Scharnierteile, also ohne zusätzlichen Aufwand gegenüber dem Stand der Technikeine wesentliche Vergrößerung des Schwenkbereichs des Scharniers erreicht wird, wobei über einen kinenatischen Totpunkt hinaus die Lenker zueinander verschwenkt werden.The advantage of the invention is to be seen in the fact that only by a different arrangement and design of the known hinge parts, i.e. without additional effort compared to the prior art, a substantial increase in the pivoting range of the hinge is achieved, the handlebars being pivoted towards one another beyond a kinenatic dead center .

Beispielsweise Ausführungsformen der Erfindung werden nachfolgend anhand der Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigen

  • Fig. 1 eine erste Ausführungsform des Scharniers in der Schließstellung,
  • Fig. 2 das Scharnier nach Fig. 1 in der Offenstellung und
  • Fig. 3 schematisch eine weitere Ausführungsform des Scharniers.
For example, embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings. Show it
  • 1 shows a first embodiment of the hinge in the closed position,
  • Fig. 2 shows the hinge of FIG. 1 in the open position and
  • Fig. 3 schematically shows another embodiment of the hinge.

Bei der Bauweise des Scharniers nach den Fig. 1 und 2 bestehen die beiden Scharnierhälften aus identischen Bauteilen. Eine Scharnierhälfte wird durch einen äußeren, im Querschnitt etwa U-förmigen Lenker 1 und einen inneren, relativ dünn und elastisch ausgebildeten Lenker 2 gebildet, der in der Offenstellung des Scharniers nach Fig. 2 im äußeren Lenker 1 aufgenommen werden kann. Die beiden Lenker 1 und 2 sind mit jeweils einer Gelenkstelle 3 bzw. 4 an einem Sockel 5 angelenkt, mit dem die Scharnierhälfte beispielsweise an einer Möbeltür 6 mittels Schrauben befestigt ist. Am gegenüberliegenden Ende ist der Lenker 1 durch eine Gelenkstelle 7 mit dem entsprechenden äußeren Lenker 1' der anderen Scharnierhälfte verbunden. Der innere Lenker 2 ist mit dem entsprechenden Lenker 2' über eine Gelenkstelle 8 verbunden, die in einem bestimmten Abstand von den Enden dieser Lenker angeordnet ist. Der Lenker 2 ist am äußeren Ende über eine Gelenkstelle 9 mit dem äußeren Lenker 1' der anderen Scharnierhälfte verbunden. In entsprechender Weise ist der Lenker 2' über eine Gelenkstelle 10 mit dem Lenker 1 gelenkig verbunden.In the construction of the hinge according to FIGS. 1 and 2, the two hinge halves consist of identical components. A hinge half is formed by an outer, in cross-section approximately U-shaped link 1 and an inner, relatively thin and elastic link 2, which can be accommodated in the open position of the hinge according to FIG. 2 in the outer link 1. The two links 1 and 2 are each articulated with a joint 3 or 4 on a base 5, with which the hinge half is fastened, for example, to a furniture door 6 by means of screws. At the opposite end, the link 1 is through an articulation point 7 connected to the corresponding outer link 1 'of the other hinge half. The inner link 2 is connected to the corresponding link 2 'via an articulation point 8 which is arranged at a certain distance from the ends of these links. The link 2 is connected at the outer end via a hinge point 9 to the outer link 1 'of the other hinge half. In a corresponding manner, the link 2 'is articulated to the link 1 via an articulation point 10.

Die Gelenkstellen 3 und 4 am Sockel 5 sind so angeordnet, daß die Verbindungslinie zwischen den Gelenkstellen 3 und 4 etwa parallel zur Auflagefläche des Sockels bzw. zu dem zu verschwenkenden Teil liegt. An der anderen Scharnierhälfte sind in identischer Weise Gelenkstellen 3' und 4' an einem Sockel 5' ausgebildet, der beispielsweise an einem Rahmen 11 befestigt ist. Auf der innenliegenden Seite sind die Sockel in einem Winkel von etwa 45° zur Auflagefläche abGeschrägt, damit sie zur Erzielung einer kompakten Anordnung unmittelbar in der Ecke zwischen der Tür 6 und dem Rahmen 11 praktisch aneinanderliegend angeordnet werden können, wie die Fig. 1 zeigt. Zweckmäßigerweise sind die Sockel 5 bzw. 5' über eire Zwischenplatte 12 an der Tür bzw. am Rahmen befestigt, wobei diese Zwischenplatte 12 unmittelbar an der Tür 6 bzw. am Rahmen 11 festgeschraubt ist und der Sockel verstellbar auf der Zwischenplatte befestigt wird. Wie in Fig. 1 bei 13 angedeutet, ist zwischen Sockel und Zwischenplatte eine Art Verzahnung vorgesehen. Die zur Erleichterung der Montage vorgesehene Verstellbarkeit zwischen den einzelnen Teilen eines Sockels kann in verschiedener Weise ausgebildet sein. Ebenso ist es möglich, den Sockel direkt an dem jeweiligen Teil mittels Schrauben zu befestigen, für die zweckmäßigerweise am Sockel Langlöcher vorgesehen werden.The articulation points 3 and 4 on the base 5 are arranged such that the connecting line between the articulation points 3 and 4 is approximately parallel to the contact surface of the base or to the part to be pivoted. On the other hinge half, articulation points 3 'and 4' are formed in an identical manner on a base 5 'which is fastened, for example, to a frame 11. On the inner side, the bases are chamfered at an angle of approximately 45 ° to the support surface from G so that they can be arranged practically adjacent to one another in the corner between the door 6 and the frame 11 in order to achieve a compact arrangement, as shown in FIG. 1 shows. The bases 5 and 5 'are expediently fastened to the door or to the frame via an intermediate plate 12, this intermediate plate 12 being screwed directly onto the door 6 or to the frame 11 and the base being adjustably fastened to the intermediate plate. As indicated in Fig. 1 at 13, a kind of toothing is provided between the base and the intermediate plate. The adjustability between the individual parts of a base provided to facilitate assembly can be designed in various ways. It is also possible to attach the base directly to the respective part by means of screws, for which elongated holes are expediently provided on the base.

Die Gelenkstellen sind als Bolzenlager ausgebildet, wobei der Bolzen an den Gelenkstellen 4 und 4' durch die übergreifenden Schenkel der äußeren Lenker 1 und 1' gegen Herausgleiten gesichert ist. Bei der rautenförmigen Anordnung der Gelenkstellen 7 bis 10 können die Bolzenlager 9 und 10 ebenfalls zwischen den Schenkeln der U-förmigen äußeren Lenker 1 und 1' ausgebildet werden.The articulation points are designed as pin bearings, the pin at the articulation points 4 and 4 'being secured against sliding out by the overlapping legs of the outer links 1 and 1'. With the diamond-shaped An order of the articulation points 7 to 10, the pin bearings 9 and 10 can also be formed between the legs of the U-shaped outer link 1 and 1 '.

Der Abstand der Gelenkstellen 3 und 4 bzw. 3' und 4' ist kleiner als der Abstand der entsprechenden Gelenkstellen 7 und 9 bzw. 7 und 10. Der Abstand der Gelenkstelle 8 von den Gelenkstellen 9 ur.d 10 entspricht im wesentlichen dem Abstand der Gelenkstelle 7 von den Gelenkstellen 9 und 10, er kann aber auch kleiner ausgebildet sein. Durch diese Auslegung der Abstände der Geienkstellen am Sockel und am Verbindungsende der Lenker wird beim Verschwenken des Scharniers eine Art Kurbelbewegung an den beiden Scharnierhälften erreicht, so daß der Totpunkt ohne weiteres überwunden werden kann und der Schwenkbereich des Scharniers nicht mehr beschränkt ist. Bei der Schwenkbewegung des Scharniers führt die Gelenkstelle 8 eine Hin- und Herbewegung in Richtung auf die Gelenkstelle 7 aus, wobei sich die Gelenkstellen 9 und 10 im wesentlichen senkrecht dazu nach außen und innen bewegen. Die Verbindungslinien der Gelenkstellen 3, 4, 7 und 9 der einen Scharnierhälfte bilden durch die kürzere Auslegung des Abstandes zwischen den Gelenkstellen 3 und 4 in keinem Falle ein Parallelogramm. Beim Öffnen der Tür 6 in die Offenstellung nach Fig. 2 wirkt zunächst die durch das Gelenkviereck 3, 4, 7 und 9 gebildete Kurbel, wobei bei Überschreiten des Totpunkts die Kurbelfunktion von der durch das Gelenkviereck 3', 4', 7 und 10 gebildeten Kurbel der anderen Scharnierhälfte übernommen wird. Durch die Gelenkstelle 8 sind die beiden Kurbeln der Scharnierhälften in ihrer Funktion miteinander vereinigt. Bei der Schwenkbewegung des Scharniers werden die Lenker 1 und 2 zangen- ähnlich auf und zu bewegt.The distance between the articulation points 3 and 4 or 3 'and 4' is smaller than the distance between the corresponding articulation points 7 and 9 or 7 and 10. The distance of the articulation point 8 from the articulation points 9 and 10 essentially corresponds to the distance from the Hinge point 7 from the hinge points 9 and 10, but it can also be made smaller. This design of the distances between the Geiekstellen at the base and at the connecting end of the handlebars a kind of crank movement is achieved on the two hinge halves when pivoting the hinge, so that the dead center can be easily overcome and the pivoting range of the hinge is no longer limited. During the pivoting movement of the hinge, the articulation point 8 executes a back and forth movement in the direction of the articulation point 7, the articulation points 9 and 10 moving outwards and inwards essentially perpendicularly thereto. The connecting lines of the articulation points 3, 4, 7 and 9 of the one hinge half do not in any case form a parallelogram due to the shorter design of the distance between the articulation points 3 and 4. When the door 6 is opened into the open position according to FIG. 2, the crank formed by the four-bar linkage 3, 4, 7 and 9 acts first, and when the dead center is exceeded, the crank function of that formed by the four-bar linkage 3 ', 4', 7 and 10 Crank of the other hinge half is taken over. The two cranks of the hinge halves are combined in their function by the hinge point 8. During the pivoting movement of the hinge, the handlebars 1 and 2 are opened and closed in the same way as pliers.

Zur Überwindung des Totpunkts, an dem die Gelenkstelle 8 im wesentlichen auf der Verbindungslinie zwischen den Gelenkstellen 9 und 10 liegt, sind die beiden inneren Lenker 2 und 2' federnd elastisch ausgebildet. Durch diese elastische Ausbildung ergibt sich eine Haltekraft in den Endstellungen der Türe 5. Es können auch alle vier Lenker elastisch ausgebildet werden, jedoch ist die starre Ausgestaltung der im Querschnitt U-förmigen äußeren Lenker 1 und 1', welche die elastischen inneren Lenker 2 und 2' umschließen, hinsichtlich der Stabilität des Scharniers sehr günstig.In order to overcome the dead center at which the articulation point 8 lies essentially on the connecting line between the articulation points 9 and 10, the two inner links 2 and 2 'are designed to be resiliently elastic. Through this elastic design results in a holding force in the end positions of the door 5. All four links can also be designed to be elastic, but the rigid design of the cross-sectionally U-shaped outer link 1 and 1 ', which the elastic inner link 2 and 2' enclose, very cheap in terms of the stability of the hinge.

Damit die Tür in verschiedenen Stellungen gehalten wird bzw. die durch die elastiscnen Lenker vorhandene Haltekraft verstärkt werden kann, kann eine zusätzliche Feder 14 vorgesehen werden, die etwa wellenförmig geschwungen ausgebildet ist und sich an den Enden an Absätzen 15 auf der Innenseite der äußeren Lenker 1 und 1' abstützt. Im Mittelteil liegt die Feder 14 an dem Gelenkbolzen der Gelenkstelle 8 an, wobei zum Einrasten des Gelenkbolzens die Feder an dieser Stelle entsprechend gekrümmt ist, wie die Fig. 1 zeigt. Die beiderseits danebenliegenden Krümmungen dienen zur Aufnahme der Bolzen der Gelenkstellen 9 und 10 in der Offenstellung, wie die Fig. 2 zeigt.So that the door is held in different positions or the holding force provided by the elastic handlebars can be strengthened, an additional spring 14 can be provided, which is curved in an undulating manner and has ends 15 at shoulders 15 on the inside of the outer handlebars 1 and 1 'supports. In the middle part, the spring 14 rests on the hinge pin of the hinge point 8, the spring at this point being correspondingly curved to engage the hinge pin, as shown in FIG. 1. The curvatures lying on both sides serve to receive the bolts of the articulation points 9 and 10 in the open position, as shown in FIG. 2.

Die Lenkerpaare 1, 2 und 1', 2' sind etwa in einem rechten Winkel abgewinkelt, wobei die Sc'lenkellänge auf der Verbindungsseite der beiden Lenkerpaare im wesentlichen durch die Dickenabmessung von Tür und Rahmen bestimmt wird, wie die .Fig. 2 zeigt. Durch diese Ausgestaltung der im Mittelbereich abgewinkelten Lenkerpaare, die mit der Winkelöffnung einander gegenüberliegend angeordnet sind, wird in Verbindung mit dem angegebenen Abstand der Gelenkstellen und der federnden Ausbildung wenigstens eines Lenkers eine Schwenkbewegung der Tür 6 ermöglicht, bei der die Tür zunächst aus der 90°-Stellung (Fig. 1) vom Rahmen 11 abgehoben und in einem Bogen in die in Fig. 2 gezeigte 270°-Stellung geschwenkt werden kann. Wenn der Rahmen 11 nur eine geringe Dicke aufweist, wie das Ausführungsbeispiel in Fig. 2 zeigt, so kann die Tür 6 noch über die 270°-Stellung hinaus geschwenkt und am Rahmen schräg angelegt werden, so daß also ein Überdrehen des Scharniers nicht möglich ist. Andererseits kann bei der Ausführung des Gelenks nach den Fig. 1 und 2 der Rahmen auch eine größere Dickenabmessung haben. Durch den weiten Schwenkbereich des Scharniers wird nicht nur ein Wegbrechen der Tür vom Rahmen durch zu weites Öffnen verhindert, sondern auch eine gute Befestigung bei dünnen Wandstärken und relativ weichem Material der relativ zueinander zu verschwenkenden Teile erreicht. Hierdurch ergibt sich ein vielseitiger Einsatz des Scharniers. Beispielsweise haben Kraftfahrzeuge mit über 180° verschwenkbaren Türen immer noch außenliegende, dem Straßenschmutz ausgesetzte Lagerstellen. Durch die erfindungsgemäße Bauweise eines Scharniers, das trotz des großen Schwenkbereiches innen angeordnet werden kann, wird hierdurch eine wesentliche Verbesserung erzielt.The pairs of links 1, 2 and 1 ', 2' are approximately bent in a right angle, wherein the Sc 'l grandchild length on the connection side of the two pairs of links is substantially determined by the thickness dimension of the door and frame, such as the .fig. 2 shows. This configuration of the angled handlebar pairs, which are arranged opposite each other with the angular opening, enables a pivoting movement of the door 6 in conjunction with the specified distance of the articulation points and the resilient design of at least one handlebar, in which the door initially moves out of 90 ° -Location (Fig. 1) can be lifted from the frame 11 and pivoted in an arc into the 270 ° position shown in Fig. 2. If the frame 11 has only a small thickness, as the embodiment in FIG. 2 shows, the door 6 can still be pivoted beyond the 270 ° position and placed obliquely on the frame, so that overtightening of the hinge is not possible. On the other hand, in the embodiment of the joint according to FIGS. 1 and 2, the frame can also have a larger thickness dimension. The wide pivoting range of the hinge not only prevents the door from breaking away from the frame by opening it too far, but also ensures good fastening with thin wall thicknesses and relatively soft material of the parts to be pivoted relative to one another. This results in a versatile use of the hinge. For example, motor vehicles with doors that can be pivoted through 180 ° still have external storage locations exposed to road dirt. The inventive construction of a hinge, which can be arranged inside despite the large swivel range, hereby achieves a substantial improvement.

Bei der Bauweise nach Fig. 3 sind die innenliegenden Lenker 16 und 17 wie die äußeren Lenker 18 und 19 starr ausgebildet, wobei anstelle der federnden Lenkerausbildung bei der zuvor beschriebenen Ausführungsform an der Gelenkstelle 8 eine formschlüssige Führung eines Gelenkzapfens 20 in Langlöchern 21 vorgesehen ist. Diese Lnnglöcher 21 sind in beiden Lenkern 16 und 17 ausgebildet. Am Lenker 16 verläuft das Langloch in Richtung der Verbindungslinie der Gelenkstellen 8 und 9. Ebenso verläuft im Lenker 17 das Langloch in Richtung der Verbindungslinie zwischen den Gelenkstellen 8 und 10. Der Gelenkzapfen 20 kann zur Halterung in den Langlöchern etwa in der Mitte einen Absatz oder Flansch aufweisen, mit dem er zwischen den beiden Lenkern 16 und 17 gehalten wird. Bei der starren Ausgestaltung der bei den Lenkerpaare wird durch die formschlüssige Führung an der Gelenkstelle 8 ein Überschreiten des Totpunkts ermöglicht, wobei vor Erreichen des Totpunkts der Gelenkzapfen 20 auf der einen Seite des Langlochs anliegt, während nach Überschreiten des Totpunkts der Gelenkzapfen 20 auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite des Langlochs zum Anliegen kommt, wobei die Kurbelbewegung auf die andere Scharnierhälfte übertragen wird.In the construction according to FIG. 3, the inner links 16 and 17, like the outer links 18 and 19, are rigid, wherein instead of the resilient handlebar design in the embodiment described above, a positive guidance of a pivot pin 20 in elongated holes 21 is provided at the articulation point 8. These longitudinal holes 21 are formed in both links 16 and 17. On the handlebar 16, the elongated hole runs in the direction of the connecting line of the articulation points 8 and 9. Likewise, the elongated hole runs in the handlebar 17 in the direction of the connecting line between the articulation points 8 and 10. The pivot pin 20 can be held in the elongated holes approximately in the middle of a shoulder or Have flange with which it is held between the two links 16 and 17. In the rigid configuration of the handlebar pairs, the form-fitting guidance at the articulation point 8 enables the dead center to be exceeded, with the pivot pin 20 resting on one side of the elongated hole before reaching the dead center, while the dead center of the pivot pin 20 on the opposite side after the dead center has been exceeded Side of the elongated hole comes to rest, the crank movement being transferred to the other half of the hinge.

Die formschlüssige Führung einer Gelenkstelle in Form eines in einem Langloch verschiebbaren Gelenkzapfens kann auch an einer anderen Stelle des Scharniers vorgesehen werden, beispielsweise an einer der anderen Gelenkstellen 7, 9 oder 10 oder auch an einer der Gelenkstellen 3, 4 am Sockel, wobei bei der letzteren Ausgestaltung an jedem Sockel ein entsprechendes Langloch vorgesehen werden muß, beispielsweise an den Gelenkstellen 3 und 3'. Die Ausrichtung des Langlochs ergibt sich jeweils durch die Beaufschlagung der Gelenkstellen bei der Schwenkbewegung des Scharniers. Am Sockel verläuft das Langloch in Richtung der Verbindungslinie der Gelenkstellen 3 und 4. An den Gelenkstellen 7, 9 und 10 werden entsprechend der Ausgestaltung nach Fig. 3 die Langlöcher ebenfalls in Richtung der Verbindungslinien der zugeordneten Gelenke angeordnet, an der Gelenkstelle 10 des Lenkers 13 beispielsweise in Richtung der Verbindungslinie zwischen den Gelenkstellen 7 und 10, ebenso bei der Anordnung des Langlochs an der Gelenkstelle 7.The positive guidance of an articulation point in the form of a pivot pin which can be displaced in an elongated hole can also be provided at another point on the hinge, for example at one of the other articulation points 7, 9 or 10 or also at one of the articulation points 3, 4 on the base, in which case the the latter embodiment, a corresponding elongated hole must be provided on each base, for example at the articulation points 3 and 3 '. The alignment of the elongated hole results from the action on the articulation points during the pivoting movement of the hinge. At the base, the elongated hole runs in the direction of the connecting line of the articulation points 3 and 4. At the articulation points 7, 9 and 10, the elongated holes are likewise arranged in the direction of the connecting lines of the associated joints, at the articulation point 10 of the link 13, in accordance with the configuration according to FIG for example in the direction of the connecting line between the articulation points 7 and 10, as well as in the arrangement of the elongated hole at the articulation point 7.

Die Anordnung der formschlüssigen Führung eines Gelenks an den Gelenkstellen 8 und 7 bringt den Vorteil mit sich, daß die beiden Scharnierhälften identisch ausgebildet werden können. Auch bei der Bauweise nach Fig. 3 haben die Gelenkstellen am Sockel jeweils einen kleineren Abstand als die zugeordneten Gelenkstellen am Verbindungsende.The arrangement of the positive guidance of a joint at the articulation points 8 and 7 has the advantage that the two hinge halves can be designed identically. 3, the articulation points on the base are each at a smaller distance than the associated articulation points at the connection end.

Zur Erzielung einer Halterung der Tür 6 in bestimmten Stellungen ist in Fig. 3 bei 22 eine am Lenker 19 befestigte Feder wiedergegeben, die in entsprechende Ausnehmungen 23 am innenliegenden Lenker 16 in der Offen- und Schließstellung einrasten kann. Eine derartige Raste kann auch an einer anderen Stelle zwischen äußerem und innerem Lenker vorgesehen werden, wie dies auch bei der Bauweise nach den Fig. 1 und 2 der Fall ist.To achieve a holding of the door 6 in certain positions, a spring attached to the handlebar 19 is shown in FIG. 3 at 22, which spring can snap into corresponding recesses 23 on the inner handlebar 16 in the open and closed position. Such a catch can also be provided at another location between the outer and inner link, as is also the case with the construction according to FIGS. 1 and 2.

Bei beiden Ausführungsformen nach den Fig. 1 und 3 werden durch den kleineren Abstand der Gelenkstellen 3 und 4 am Sockel und die damit verbundene Kurbelbewegung die beiden Lenker eines Lenkerpaares beim Verschwenken des Scharniers über den vollen Schwenkbereich aus einer nebeneinanderliegenden Stellung in eine sich kreuzende Stellung gebracht und umgekehrt.In both embodiments according to FIGS. 1 and 3, the smaller distance between the articulation points 3 and 4 on the base and the crank movement associated therewith brings the two links of a pair of links when the hinge is pivoted over the full swivel range from an adjacent position to a crossing position and vice versa.

Um einen Anschlag 15 der Feder 14 einzusparen, läßt sich die Feder 14 auch an der Gelenkausbildung 9 und 10 arretieren, wobei sie sich an dem Übergang der äußeren Lenker 18 und 19 rastend abstützt.In order to save a stop 15 of the spring 14, the spring 14 can also be locked on the articulation 9 and 10, wherein it is supported in a latching manner at the transition of the outer links 18 and 19.

Claims (9)

1. Scharnier mit zwei Lenkerpaaren (1, 2), die an einem Ende sich kreuzend in Form eines Gelenkvierecks (7 - 10) miteinander gelenkig verbunden und am anderen Ende jeweils an einem Sockel (5) angelenkt sind, mittels dem das Scharnier an den relativ zueinander zu verschwenkenden Teilen (6, 11) befestigbar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Abstand der Gelenkstellen (3, 4) am Sockel (5) jedes Lenkerpaares (1, 2) kleiner ist als der Abstand der entsprechenden Gelenkstellen (7, 9) am gegenüberliegenden Verbindungsende.1. Hinge with two pairs of handlebars (1, 2), which at one end intersect in the form of a quadrilateral joint (7 - 10) and are articulated at the other end to a base (5) by means of which the hinge to the Parts (6, 11) which can be pivoted relative to one another can be fastened, characterized in that the distance between the articulation points (3, 4) on the base (5) of each pair of links (1, 2) is smaller than the distance between the corresponding articulation points (7, 9 ) at the opposite end of the connection. 2. Scharnier nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Lenkerpaare (1, 2) im Mittelbereich etwa in einen rechten Winkel abgewinkelt und mit der Winkelöffnung einander gegenüberliegend angeordnet sind.2. Hinge according to claim 1, characterized in that the handlebar pairs (1, 2) are angled in the central region approximately at a right angle and are arranged opposite one another with the angular opening. 3. Scharnier nach den Ansprüchen 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß wenigstens einer der Lenker (1, 2, 1', 21) federnd elastisch ausgebildet ist.3. Hinge according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that at least one of the links (1, 2, 1 ', 2 1 ) is designed to be resilient. 4. Scharnier nach den Ansprüchen 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß wenigstens eine der Gelenkstellen (3, 4, 7 - 10) als formschlüssige Führung eines in einem Langloch (21) verschiebbaren und verdrehbaren Gelenkzapfens (20) ausgebildet ist.4. Hinge according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that at least one of the articulation points (3, 4, 7 - 10) is designed as a form-fitting guide of a pivot pin (20) which is displaceable and rotatable in an elongated hole (21). 5. Scharnier nach den vorhergehenden Ansprüchen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an einem der Lenker eines Lenkerpaares eine Feder (14, 22) abgestützt ist, die in wenigstens einer vorgegebenen Stellung in eine Raste (23) am anderen Lenker des Lenkerpaares eingreift.5. Hinge according to the preceding claims, characterized in that a spring (14, 22) is supported on one of the handlebars of a pair of handlebars, which engages in at least one predetermined position in a detent (23) on the other handlebars of the handlebar pair. 6. Scharnier nach den vorhergehenden Ansprüchen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die beiden Scharnierhälften mit Sockel (5) und Lenkerpaaren (1, 2) identisch ausgebildet sind.6. Hinge according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the two hinge halves with base (5) and handlebar pairs (1, 2) are identical. 7. Scharnier nach den vorhergehenden Ansprüchen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die außenliegenden Lenker im Querschnitt U-förmig ausgebildet sind und die innenliegenden Lenker einen solchen Querschnitt haben, daß sie zwischen den Schenkeln der äußeren Lenker einschiebbar sind.7. Hinge according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer links are U-shaped in cross section and the inner links have such a cross section that they can be inserted between the legs of the outer links. 8. Scharnier nach den vorhergehenden Ansprüchen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß wenigstens einer der Sockel (5) über ein Zwischenstück (12) verstellbar an dem zugeordneten Teil (6) befestigbar ist.8. Hinge according to the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the bases (5) via an intermediate piece (12) is adjustably attachable to the associated part (6). 9. Scharnier nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine langgestreckte, wellenförmig gebogene Fedαr (14) vorgesehen ist, die sich mit den Enden an den äußeren oder inneren Lenkern und mit dem Mittelabschnitt umgekehrt an den inneren oder äußeren Lenkern abstützt, wobei die Feder zwischen den Gelenkstellen des Gelenkvierecks (7 - 10) eingelegt ist.9. Hinge according to claim 5, characterized in that an elongated, wavy curved Fedαr (14) is provided, which is supported with the ends on the outer or inner links and with the middle section conversely on the inner or outer links, the spring is inserted between the articulation points of the quadrilateral joint (7-10).
EP19790100144 1978-01-25 1979-01-18 Hinge Expired EP0003323B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19782803061 DE2803061A1 (en) 1978-01-25 1978-01-25 HINGE JOINT FOR SWIVELING DOORS ON CABINETS AND CONTAINERS
DE2803061 1978-01-25

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0003323A1 true EP0003323A1 (en) 1979-08-08
EP0003323B1 EP0003323B1 (en) 1981-06-10

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EP19790100144 Expired EP0003323B1 (en) 1978-01-25 1979-01-18 Hinge

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EP (1) EP0003323B1 (en)
DE (1) DE2803061A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7698785B2 (en) * 2004-02-28 2010-04-20 Southco, Inc. Articulating hinge

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110952852B (en) * 2019-12-17 2021-03-19 杭州富阳新远新能源有限公司 Vehicle door mechanism of anti gale

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2073689A (en) * 1934-12-13 1937-03-16 Gotzinger Georg Concealed hinge
US2206708A (en) * 1938-08-13 1940-07-02 Walter W Stumpf Hinge
DE1559887A1 (en) * 1965-06-04 1970-03-05 Fritz Hoffmann Hinge, especially for furniture

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2073689A (en) * 1934-12-13 1937-03-16 Gotzinger Georg Concealed hinge
US2206708A (en) * 1938-08-13 1940-07-02 Walter W Stumpf Hinge
DE1559887A1 (en) * 1965-06-04 1970-03-05 Fritz Hoffmann Hinge, especially for furniture

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7698785B2 (en) * 2004-02-28 2010-04-20 Southco, Inc. Articulating hinge

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0003323B1 (en) 1981-06-10
DE2803061A1 (en) 1979-07-26

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