DK2802305T3

DK2802305T3 - PROCEDURE FOR SECURING A PATIENT TO AN OPERATION TABLE WHEN THE PATIENT IS IN TRENDELENSBUR'S RENT AND A DEVICE FOR THAT INCLUDING A KIT.

Info

Publication number: DK2802305T3
Application number: DK13735915.4T
Authority: DK
Inventors: Alessio Pigazzi; Glenn Keilar
Original assignee: Alessio Pigazzi; Glenn Keilar
Priority date: 2012-01-10
Filing date: 2013-01-09
Publication date: 2018-01-22
Also published as: WO2013106426A3; ES2654790T3; NO2900900T3; CA2859398C; EP2802305B1; EP2802305A2; JP2015506747A; EP3300709A1; PL2802305T3; WO2013106426A2; CA2859398A1; JP6863841B2; JP2017189642A; EP2802305A4

Description

DESCRIPTION

BACKGROUND 1. Technical Field: [0001] The present application relates to a method of securing a patient onto an operating table when the patient is in the Trendelenburg position and apparatus therefor. Such an apparatus is disclosed in the US20100212087. 2. Background Information: [0002] Background information is for informational purposes only and does not necessarily admit that subsequently mentioned information and publications are prior art.

[0003] The Trendelenburg position is used in operations of the lower body such as the cervix. This position lowers the head of the patient so that the legs and lower extremities of the body are elevated above the head. Often the degree of lowering is approximately ten degrees to approximately twenty degrees such that the head is maintained with the back of the patient extending this range of angles below the lower body. At certain times the angle could be as much as approximately forty-five degrees. The angle may be between about five degrees to about forty-five degrees in one degree increments or fractions of one degree increments.

[0004] In order to keep any injury to the patient on the table to a minimum, various methods have been used to hold the patient on the table. These methods may injure the patient by providing unnecessary pressure to the neck, shoulders or arms, thereby aggravating injury to nerves and/or ulcers on the body of the patient because of the unnecessary pressure.

OBJECT OR OBJECTS

[0005] In order to reduce point pressures and small area pressures on the patient and also to reduce these kinds of pressures to the nerves of the patient, the present application describes a patient support apparatus as further disclosed in claim 1, a Trendelenburg pad, kit, and methods of use of the Trendelenburg pad and kit to reduce such pressures.

SUMMARY

[0006] The pad is positioned on a support table, such as a medical procedure table, operating table, or surgical table, such that the pad extends from the buttock area of the patient to the shoulder and neck area of the patient. Straps are provided to hold the pad on to the operating table such that the pad does not extensively move during use. Further, straps are provided to hold the patient to the operating table and firmly position the patient onto the pad.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0007] The present application is explained in greater detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

Figure 1 shows a top view of a Trendelenburg pad of the present application comprising fasteners;

Figure 2 shows a bottom view of the Trendelenburg pad as seen in Figure 1 ;

Figures 3A and 3B show fasteners configured to hold the Trendelenburg pad on the operating table;

Figure 4 shows a Trendelenburg pad of the present disclosure secured to an operating table and having a patient positioned thereon and also shows a method of use;

Figure 5 shows a Trendelenburg pad of the present disclosure having the impression of a patient therein;

Figure 6 shows a Trendelenburg pad of the present disclosure secured to an operating table in the Trendelenburg position and having a patient positioned thereon; and

Figure 7 shows a figure disposed on a Trendelenburg pad of the present application. DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT OR EMBODIMENTS

[0008] During performance of some medical procedures, such as surgical operations, a patient may be placed on a support or operating table which is oriented horizontally, that is, perpendicularly with respect to the vertical. However, depending on the medical procedure, it may be more advantageous to orient the support or operating table, and thus the patient, at an incline with respect to the horizontal. For medical procedures relating to the lower body, such as, for example, abdominal or gynecological operations, the Trendelenburg position may be used. This position involves a patient first lying horizontally on a support table. The operating table or a portion thereof is then inclined such that the head and upper torso of the patient is at a vertically lower position than the pelvic region and/or legs of the patient, as shown, for example, in Figure 6. In general, the support table is inclined such that the patient's head and upper torso is lowered from the horizontal anywhere in a range of approximately five, ten, or fifteen degrees to approximately twenty, thirty, or forty-five degrees or more, in a steep Trendelenburg position, in one degree increments or fractions of one degree increments. In addition to the positive Trendelenburg position, there is a negative or reverse Trendelenburg position, where the head and upper torso is at a vertically higher position than the pelvic region and/or legs of the patient. As used herein, the phrase Trendelenburg position should be understood as referring to both positions.

[0009] The present application discloses the use of a memory foam or viscoelastic foam pad, such as shown in Figure 1, to assist in holding the patient in a desired position on an inclined support table, such as in the Trendelenburg position, and to assist in minimizing sliding, shifting, or similar undesirable movements of the patient on the support table, which movements could be disruptive to a medical procedure being performed on the patient. The viscoelastic foam also cushions and supports the patient while promoting a distribution of pressure forces across the patient's body to reduce and/or minimize damage to nerves and/or tissue from concentrated pressure forces. For example, the viscoelastic foam will minimize or can eliminate brachial plexopathy, including pain, decreased movement, or decreased sensation in the arm and shoulder by minimizing pressure to a patient's neck, arms, and/or shoulders, and thereby minimizing or reducing a nerve event. In at least one possible embodiment, the viscoelastic foam has characteristics which are selected to promote the preceding desired effects, which will be discussed in the following paragraph. All of the characteristics discussed in the following paragraph are according to at least one possible embodiment, and it should be understood that any one or more of the characteristics could be combined with any one or more of the characteristics according to at least one possible embodiment, and any ranges disclosed in the following paragraph are to be understood as including any value therein, including increments of tenths and hundredths of the particular range.

[0010] The rate of recovery, that is, the time required for a viscoelastic foam to return to its starting shape, is in the range of approximately 2-10 seconds for approximately 50 percent to 80 percent recovery after deformation caused by placing an adult torso on an approximately one inch thick layer of viscoelastic foam. The rate of recovery is in the range of approximately 6-15 seconds for approximately 80 percent to 90 percent recovery after the same deformation as above. The rate of recovery is in the range of approximately 10-35 seconds for 100 percent recovery after the same deformation as above. The ball rebound of the viscoelastic foam is in the range of less than or substantially less than approximately one percent to approximately one percent or several percent, or is in the range of or approximately in the range of 0.1 percent to 1.9 percent, or up to 3 percent or 5 percent, and as much as several percent. The compression set (the residual compression of the foam after twenty-two hours at seventy degrees Celsius) of the viscoelastic foam, for a 25 percent compression of the foam, is in the range of less than one percent or tenths of a percent, such as, for example, less than 0.4 percent or 0.3 percent, to several percent. The compression set of the viscoelastic foam, for a fifty percent compression of the foam, is in the range of less than one percent or tenths of a percent, such as, for example, less than or equal to 0.5 percent, to several percent. The indentation force deflection of the viscoelastic foam, at a 25 percent deflection, is in the range of several pounds of force to tens of pounds of force, such as in the range of approximately 44,4822N to approximately 66,7233N (10 to approximately 15 pounds) or in the range of approximately 31.13754N to approximately 80,06796N (7 to approximately 18 pounds) or is in the range of approximately 53.37864N, such as for example, 52,044, 52,48901,52,9338, 53,37864, 53,8234, 54,2683, 54,7131,55,1579N (12 pounds, such as, for example, 11,7, 11,8, 11,9, 12, 12,1, 12,2, 12,3, 12,4 pounds). The coefficient of static friction between the viscoelastic foam and the surface of a support table is greater than 0.2, or is in the range of approximately 0.2 or 0.5 to approximately 0.7 or 1.0. The viscoelastic foam is designed such that the patient may shift on the viscoelastic foam less than 25,4 mm (one inch) or up to approximately 25,4 mm (one inch) or in the range of approximately 25,4mm to approximately 76,2mm (one inch to approximately three inches). The airflow in or through the viscoelastic foam is in the range of tenths of a cubic foot per minute to several cubic feet per minute, such as, for example, approximately 2831684,6 to 8495053,8 cubic mm per minute (0,1 to 0,3 cubic foot per minute) to approximately 28316846,6 or 84950538 cubic mm per minute (1 to 3 cubic feet per minute), or is in the range of approximately or equal to 15007928 cubic mm per minute (0,53 cubic feet per minute), plus or minus 8495053,8 cubic mm per minute (0,3 cubic feet per minute). The thickness of the viscoelastic foam is in the range of from 19,05mm to 25,4mm (three-fourths of an inch to one inch), or to approximately 25,4mm or 38,1 mm (one inch, or to one and a half inches), or to 76,2mm (three inches) or greater, which thickness is selected to minimize and/or prevent bottoming out on the operating table of one or more of the portions of the body of a patient lying on the viscoelastic foam pad, depending on the weight and/or size of the patient. The tensile strength (at 25 percent deflection) of the viscoelastic foam is in the range of at least approximately 34,47Kpa or approximately 55,15Kpa to approximately 82,73Kpa or approximately 103,42Kpa, or in the range of approximately or equal to 68,94Kpa (5 pound per square inch (PSI) to approximately 8 PSI to approximately 12 PSI or approximately 12 PSI or approximately 15PSI, or in the range of approximately or equal to 10 PSI. The tear strength (in a twenty inches per minute test) of the viscoelastic foam is in the range of approximately one to approximately 8,8964 or 13,344 N or in the range of approximately 6,6723 N (two or three pound offeree per inch, or in the range of approximately 1,5 pounds of force per inch). The elongation (in a 508 mm per minute (twenty inches per minute) test) of the viscoelastic foam is in the range of between 125 and 250 percent, or is in the range of approximately or equal to 172 percent, plus or minus 25 percent. The nominal density of the viscoelastic foam is in a range of approximately 100 kilograms per cubic meter, or is in the range of approximately 75 or 83 kilograms per cubic meter to approximately 103 or 110 kilograms per cubic meter, such as, for example, 93.1 kilograms per cubic meter. The flammability of the viscoelastic foam should pass various tests by CAL, FMVSS and FAR, and the viscoelastic foam should pass the European Union's Restriction of Hazardous Substances (EU RoHS) standards.

[0011] According to at least one possible embodiment, the viscoelastic foam pad can be of varying lengths, and can extend from either the feet, lower legs, thighs, or buttocks of a patient to either the shoulders, head, or top of the head of a patient. According to at least one possible embodiment, the viscoelastic foam pad or substantial portions thereof are pink in color, the straps for securing the patient to the pad are purple in color, and the straps for securing the pad to the table or surface are white.

[0012] As shown in Figure 1, a Trendelenburg pad 102 may comprise fasteners 104 extending beyond longitudinal sides of the Trendelenburg pad 102. Each end of the fasteners 104 may comprise a hook and loop fastener, such as a Velcro® fastener, configured and disposed to attach the Trendelenburg pad 102 to operating table rails or other adjacent structures, depending on the support structure on which the patient is positioned, which may or may not be an operating bed. For example, each end of a fastener 104 may comprise a loop portion 108 and a hook portion 106, extending beyond the loop portion 108. Additionally, one or more portions of the fasteners 104 extending beyond the Trendelenburg pad 102 may comprise a label 110 indicating the orientation that the Trendelenburg pad 102 is to have with an operating table. For example, the label 110 may state "this side up." [0013] In at least one possible embodiment of the present application, the Trendelenburg pad 102 may be a disposable pad and/or single-use pad.

[0014] Figure 2 shows a bottom view of a Trendelenburg pad 102 comprising fasteners 104 extending latitudinally therewith. A central portion 112 of the fasteners 104 may be configured to be fastened with the Trendelenburg pad 102. For example, the central portion 112 may comprise hooks configured and disposed to fasten with loops on the Trendelenburg pad 102. The Trendelenburg pad 102 may be configured to fasten with two or more fasteners 104. The fasteners may be Velcro®.

[0015] Figures 3A and 3B show a top view and a side view of a fastener 104 respectively. A central portion 112 of fastener 104 may comprise loops on a side configured to fasten with hooks on a Trendelenburg pad 102 as shown in Figure 2. A weld 115 may secure a hook portion 108 and a loop portion 106 to the central portion 112 wherein the ends of fastener 104 comprises a hook portion 108 and a loop portion 106. It is to be understood that either portion 108 or 106 may comprise hooks and the other of 108 or 106 may comprise loops. A label 110 may be secured to an upper side of hook portion 108. An end of the hook portion 108 may be folded and welded at a weld point 111 to form a tab 109. Hooks 113 may extend from a lower surface of the hook portion 108. Loops 107 may extend from a lower surface of the loop portion 106.

[0016] Figure 4 shows a use of Trendelenburg pad 102. For example, Trendelenburg pad 102 may be used by: 1.1. Placing a surgical operating table 120, having surgical operating table rails 124, in a Lithotomy Position. 2. 2. Placing a longitudinal distal end of the Trendelenburg pad 102 on a longitudinal distal end of the surgical operating table 120. 3. 3. Latitudinally centering the Trendelenburg pad 102 with the surgical operating table 120. 4. 4. Positioning straps 104, extending from longitudinal edges of the Trendelenburg pad 102, down away from where a patient 128 will lie. 5. 5. Attaching the straps 104 to the surgical operating table rails 124. 6. 6. Laying a lift sheet 126 over the Trendelenburg pad 102. 7. 7. Laying a patient 128 on the Trendelenburg pad 102 by positioning the patient 128 so that the patient's shoulders do not extend past edges of the Trendelenburg pad 102. 8. 8. Lifting the lift sheet 126 thereby lifting the patient 128 up and off the Trendelenburg pad 102 to reposition the patient 128 as needed. 9. 9. Positioning the patient's arms as needed. 10. 10. Attaching body straps 130 around the patient and the surgical operating table. 11. 11. Securing the patient's legs in stirrups 122. 12. 12. Placing the surgical operating table in the Trendelenburg position.

[0017] In at least one possible embodiment of the present application, a patient may be disposed on a Trendelenburg pad 102 such that the patient's skin contacts the Trendelenburg pad 102, for example that the patient's skin contacts the Trendelenburg pad 102 in the patient's sacrum and scapula areas of the body and held by the Trendelenburg pad 102. The lift sheet 126 may be used to lift and reposition the patient without dragging the patient across the Trendelenburg pad.

[0018] Also shown in Figure 4 are body straps 130. The body straps 130 may comprise a hook strap 132 and a loop strap 134, such as a Velcro® strap. Each hook strap 132 and each loop strap 134 may comprise a clasp at one end. A hook strap 132 may be secured to a operating table rail 124 by looping therearound and extending through the clasp. A loop strap 134 may be secured to the other operating table rail 124 by looping therearound and extending through the clasp, or secured by extending the hook strap 132 around or to some other portion of the operating table. The hook strap 132 and the loop strap 134 may be fastened about a patient 128, holding the patient 128 to the Trendelenburg pad 102. It is to be understood that body straps 130 are optional as the Trendelenburg pad 102 may provide adequate support of the patient 128 a on surgical operating table 120.

[0019] Figure 5 shows a Trendelenburg pad 102 having an impression or residual compression 130 of a patient therein. The Trendelenburg pad 102 comprises viscoelastic foam which conforms to the patient's body and shapes itself to support the body. This shape minimizes pressure points on the body and helps to hold the body on the operating table.

[0020] The holding quality or ability between the Trendelenburg Pad and a patient will be a combination of the coefficient of friction between the patient and the viscoelastic foam and the holding ability of the impression made by the patient in the viscoelastic foam, because the Trendelenburg pad is made of a viscoelastic foam in which an impression is formed and held in the foam at least for a time after the patient is moved from one position to another or from the operating table (see Figure 5). The equivalent total frictional characteristic, which includes the friction due to the coefficient of friction and the friction or friction-like force due to the viscoelastic foam deformation, may be equal to or in excess of one. That is to say, the normal, perpendicular force onto the viscoelastic pad from the body of the patient and component of the force of gravity on the patient parallel to the surface of the operating table at forty-five degrees are equal, which means that the equivalent total frictional characteristic will be equal to or greater than the normal, perpendicular force. For an angle of forty-five degrees, the equivalent total frictional characteristic is one, which is [sin457cos450]. Stated more generally, the equivalent total frictional characteristic would be greater than the sine of the angle of inclination from the horizontal over the cosine of the angle of inclination from the horizontal. Since the angle can vary in one degree or smaller increments, the range of values of the equivalent total frictional characteristic could vary between any of those angles so as to be at least or greater than the sine over cosine values of each of these angles of inclination at least within the range of greater than zero degrees to forty-five degrees and also somewhat over forty-five degrees and even greater. The holding capabilities are a combination of the holding ability of the pad, the body straps, and the coefficient of friction of the pad with respect to the patient and the table, between the pad and the sheet between the pad and the patient, and between the sheet and the patient, for all described angles.

[0021] Figure 6 shows a Trendelenburg pad 102 of the present application secured to a surgical operating table 120 with fasteners 104. A patient 128 is positioned on the Trendelenburg pad 102, and the surgical operating table 120 is in the Trendelenburg position. Also shown in Figure 6 is an aspect of the Trendelenburg pad 102 wherein body straps 130 are not needed to hold a patient 128 on the surgical operating table 120 in the Trendelenburg position.

[0022] Figure 7 is a computer illustration of a person disposed on a Trendelenburg pad of one possible embodiment of the present application. The figure of the person is transparent or see-through, permitting a view of the impression on the Trendelenburg pad made by the figure of the person. The impression on the Trendelenburg pad may provide the primary holding for holding a person on the operating table depending on the angle of the patient on the table.

[0023] When a table is inclined at a forty-five degree angle, if W is the weight of a patient, the normal force perpendicular to the surface of the operating table is 0.707W. The force along the table is 0.707W. The equivalent coefficient of friction including the actual coefficient of friction and holding ability of the Trendelenburg pad and the fasteners 130 of the present application to hold a patient is 1.00.

[0024] The positioning arrangement and arrangements in the present application could be used in gynecological procedures, colorectal procedures, urological procedures, laparoscopic procedures, and robotic procedures to name some procedures to use this pad in the Trendelenburg or the reverse Trendelenburg position or sideways tipped positions. The positioning arrangement and arrangements, and embodiments of the Trendelenburg pad and kit, in the present application could also be used in all types of medical procedures in which it may be desirable to place a patient in a secure and/or reduced pressure point and/or comfortable position, which medical procedures include surgical procedures and non-surgical procedures, such as non-surgical examinations and/or treatments.

[0025] The viscoelastic foam of the present application may be a polyurethane foam made by mixing polyhydroxy polyol with toluene di-isocyanate or other and different methods as are known in the art. For example, Toluene di-isocyanate may be used in combination with polyester polyols and polyether to make viscoelastic foam.

[0026] In at least one other aspect of the present disclosure, the Trendelenburg pad 102 is about 508mm (twenty inches) wide, about 762mm (thirty inches) long, and about one inch thick. In one possible embodiment of the present application, the thickness of the pad may be in the range of approximately 19,05mm to approximately 38,1mm (three quarters of an inch to approximately one and one-half inches). In that range, the thickness may increase or decrease in increments of 0,79mm (1/32 of an inch). In one possible embodiment of the present application, the width of the pad may be in range of approximately 508mm to approximately 711,2mm (twenty inches to approximately twenty-eight inches). In that range, the width may increase or decrease in increments of 6,35mm (1/4 if an inch) or less. In one possible embodiment of the present application, the length of the pad may be in the range of approximately 762mm to approximately 1016mm (thirty inches to approximately 40 inches. In that range, the length may increase or decrease in increments of 6,35mm (1 fourth of an inch) or less. The fasteners 104 may be Velcro® straps and may be about 50,8mm (two inches) wide. The fasteners 104 may be secured to the Trendelenburg pad 102 by welding, adhesive, hook and loop fastening, or by other means as is known in the art.

[0027] An example of a robotic surgery system, such as the Da Vinci Surgical System, is made by Intuitive Surgical, Inc., located at 1266 Kifer Road #101, Sunnyvale, CA 94086.

[0028] U.S. Patent No. 8,066,524, having the title "SURGICAL SYSTEM WITH ELECTROMECHANICAL INTERFACES TO MOUNT ROBOTIC SURGICAL ARMS," issued on November 29, 2011, is an example of a patent relating to robotic procedures.

[0029] One feature or aspect of an embodiment is believed at the time of the filing of this patent application to reside broadly in a method of minimizing injuries caused by pressure on portions of a body of a patient in the Trendelenburg position on a surgical operating table, and minimizing unwanted movement of a patient in the Trendelenburg position on a surgical operating table by securing a patient to the surgical operating table, and also minimizing contamination in an operating room, by using a single-use Trendelenburg patient support system comprising: a lift sheet configured to lift and position a patient on a surgical operating table, body straps configured to hold a patient down on a surgical operating table, a single-use, viscoelastic Trendelenburg pad comprising a rectangular shape and viscoelastic polyurethane, and securing straps welded to said single-use, viscoelastic Trendelenburg pad, which said securing straps are configured to secure said single-use, viscoelastic Trendelenburg pad to rails of a surgical operating table, said method comprising the steps of: A) placing a longitudinal edge of said single-use, viscoelastic Trendelenburg pad adjacent and in alignment with a longitudinal edge of a surgical operating table having surgical operating table rails; B) placing a latitudinal edge of said single-use, viscoelastic Trendelenburg pad adjacent and in alignment with a latitudinal edge of said surgical operating table, and thus positioning said single-use, viscoelastic Trendelenburg pad in a position on said surgical operating table where the body of a patient will be lying; C) positioning said securing straps, extending from longitudinal edges of said single-use, viscoelastic Trendelenburg pad, to extend down and away from said single-use, viscoelastic Trendelenburg pad; D) attaching said securing straps to said surgical operating table rails; E) laying said lift sheet over said single-use, viscoelastic Trendelenburg pad; F) laying a patient in a supine position on said lift sheet and said singleuse, viscoelastic Trendelenburg pad by positioning said patient so that the shoulders of said patient do not extend past edges of said single-use, viscoelastic Trendelenburg pad, and thereby deforming said single-use, viscoelastic Trendelenburg pad, which said single-use, viscoelastic Trendelenburg pad comprises: sufficient thickness and viscosity to sufficiently cushion the body of said patient to minimize and/or prevent bottoming out on said medical procedure table of one or more of the portions of the body of said patient during positioning of said patient and during a surgical procedure, and to minimize injuries from pressure during a surgical procedure performed while a patient is in lithotomy and Trendelenburg positions, and sufficient compliance to conform to a substantial portion of the body of said patient; G) lifting said lift sheet and thereby lifting said patient up and off said single-use, viscoelastic Trendelenburg pad to reposition said patient as or if needed; H) positioning the arms of said patient as or if needed; I) attaching said body straps around said patient and said surgical operating table; J) positioning the legs of said patient in a lithotomy position; K) adjusting the angle of inclination of said surgical operating table to orient said patient at an angle in a Trendelenburg position in which the head of said patient is disposed below the body of said patient, or in which the head of said patient is disposed above the body of said patient, or in which the right side of a patient is disposed above the left side or vice versa, or a combination of any of these positions; and L) assisting in substantially holding the body of said patient on said surgical operating table in said lithotomy and Trendelenburg positions using said singleuse, viscoelastic Trendelenburg pad, which said single-use, viscoelastic Trendelenburg pad comprises: sufficient thinness to stabilize said patient on said surgical operating table upon said patient being in said lithotomy and Trendelenburg positions, and sufficient thickness and sufficient compliance to permit formation of a cavity in said single-use, viscoelastic Trendelenburg pad of a depth sufficient to assist in holding said patient on said surgical operating table and/or minimizing undesired movement of the body of said patient on said surgical operating table during a surgical procedure performed while said patient is in said lithotomy and Trendelenburg positions.

[0030] Another feature or aspect of an embodiment is believed at the time of the filing of this patent application to reside broadly in the method, wherein: said single-use Trendelenburg patient support system comprises a kit; said step D) comprises using securing straps comprising a central portion, attached to a lower side of said single-use, viscoelastic Trendelenburg pad, and fastener ends, each comprising a hook and loop fastener; said singleuse, viscoelastic Trendelenburg pad has a thickness in the range of from 19,05mm to 76,2mm (three-fourths of an inch to three inches) or greater; and said single-use, viscoelastic

Trendelenburg pad comprises a viscoelastic polyurethane foam having: a ball rebound sufficiently small to minimize rebound of said patient during an operation; a compression set sufficiently small to minimize discomfort of and injury to said patient on said surgical operating table; an air flow sufficient to provide substantial air flow about said patient to minimize injury to said patient and maintain a patient in a useable Trendelenburg position; an indentation force deflection sufficient to provide a securing hold on said patient; a tensile strength sufficient to minimize tearing of said single-use, viscoelastic Trendelenburg pad; a coefficient of static friction sufficient to assist in minimizing movement of said single-use, viscoelastic Trendelenburg pad on said surgical operating table when said patient is on said surgical operating table; and a density configured to provide said ball rebound, said compression set, said air flow, said indentation force deflection, said tensile strength, and said coefficient of static friction.

[0031] Yet another feature or aspect of an embodiment is believed at the time of the filing of this patent application to reside broadly in the method, wherein: said single-use, viscoelastic Trendelenburg pad has a thickness of approximately one inch; said ball rebound is in the range of approximately 0.1 percent to approximately 1.9 percent; said compression set, for a 25 percent compression, is less than 0.3 percent; said air flow is in the range of 8495053,8 cubic mm per minute to 28316846 cubic mm per minute (0,3 to 1 cubic foot per minute; said indentation force deflection is in the range of approximately 44,4822 N to approximately 66,7233 N (10 to approximately 15 pounds); said tensile strength is in the range of approximately 55,15 KPa to approximately 82,73 Kpa (8 pounds per square inch to approximately 12 pounds per square inch; said coefficient of static friction is in the range of 0.2 to 1.0; and said density is in the range of approximately 83 kilograms per cubic meter to approximately 103 kilograms per cubic meter.

[0032] Still another feature or aspect of an embodiment is believed at the time of the filing of this patent application to reside broadly in a single-use Trendelenburg patient support system for performing the method, said single-use Trendelenburg patient support system comprising: a lift sheet configured to lift and position a patient on a surgical operating table; body straps configured to hold a patient down on a surgical operating table; a single-use, viscoelastic Trendelenburg pad comprising a rectangular shape and viscoelastic polyurethane; securing straps welded to said single-use, viscoelastic Trendelenburg pad; said securing straps being configured to secure said single-use, viscoelastic Trendelenburg pad to rails of a surgical operating table; said single-use, viscoelastic Trendelenburg pad comprising: sufficient thickness and viscosity to sufficiently cushion the body of a patient to minimize and/or prevent bottoming out on said medical procedure table of one or more of the portions of the body of a patient during positioning of a patient and during a surgical procedure, and to minimize injuries from pressure during a surgical procedure; sufficient compliance to conform to a substantial portion of the body of a patient; sufficient thinness to stabilize a patient on said surgical operating table upon a patient being in lithotomy and Trendelenburg positions; and sufficient thickness and sufficient compliance to permit formation of a cavity in said single-use, viscoelastic Trendelenburg pad of a depth sufficient to assist in holding a patient on said surgical operating table and/or minimizing undesired movement of the body of a patient on said surgical operating table during a surgical procedure performed while a patient is in lithotomy and Trendelenburg positions.

[0033] A further feature or aspect of an embodiment is believed at the time of the filing of this patent application to reside broadly in the single-use Trendelenburg patient support system, wherein: said single-use Trendelenburg patient support system comprises a kit; said body straps comprise hook and loop fasteners; said securing straps each comprise a central portion, attached to a lower side of said single-use, viscoelastic Trendelenburg pad, and fastener ends, each comprising a hook and loop fastener; said single-use, viscoelastic Trendelenburg pad has a thickness of approximately 25,4mm (one inch); and said single-use, viscoelastic Trendelenburg pad comprises a viscoelastic polyurethane having: a ball rebound in the range of approximately 0.1 percent to approximately 1.9 percent; a compression set, for a 25 percent compression, of less than 0.3 percent; an air flow in the range of 8495053,8 cubic mm per minute to 28316846 cubic mm per minute (0,3 to 1 cubic foot per minute; an indentation force deflection in the range of approximately 44,4822 N to approximately 66,7233 N (10 to approximately 15 pounds); a tensile strength in the range of approximately 55,15 Kpa to approximately 82,73 Kpa (8 PSI to approximately 12 PSI); a coefficient of static friction in the range of 0.2 to 1.0; and a density in the range of approximately 83 kilograms per cubic meter to approximately 103 kilograms per cubic meter.

[0034] Another feature or aspect of an embodiment is believed at the time of the filing of this patent application to reside broadly in a method of minimizing injuries caused by pressure on portions of a body of a patient and minimizing unwanted movement of a patient upon securing a patient to a medical procedure table, such as a surgical operating table or a patient examination table, and upon placing said medical procedure table in an inclined position, using a patient support system comprising a viscoelastic pad and securing straps, said method comprising the steps of: A) positioning said viscoelastic pad in a position on said medical procedure table where the body of a patient will be lying; B) attaching said securing straps, connected to said viscoelastic pad, to said medical procedure table; C) positioning a patient on said viscoelastic pad and thereby deforming said viscoelastic pad, which said viscoelastic pad comprises: sufficient thickness and viscosity to sufficiently cushion the body of said patient to minimize and/or prevent bottoming out on said medical procedure table of one or more of the portions of the body of said patient during positioning of said patient and during a medical procedure, and to minimize injuries from pressure during a medical procedure, and sufficient compliance to conform to a substantial portion of the body of said patient; D) adjusting the angle of inclination of said medical procedure table to orient said patient at an angle in an inclined position, in which the head of said patient is disposed below the body of said patient, or in which the head of said patient is disposed above the body of said patient, or in which the right side of a patient is disposed above the left side or vice versa, or a combination of any of these positions; and E) assisting in substantially holding the body of said patient on said medical procedure table using said viscoelastic pad, of which said viscoelastic pad comprises: sufficient thinness to stabilize said patient on said medical procedure table upon said patient being in said inclined position, and sufficient thickness and sufficient compliance to permit formation of a cavity in said viscoelastic pad of a depth sufficient to assist in holding a patient on a medical procedure table and/or minimizing undesired movement of the body of a patient on a medical procedure table during a medical procedure performed while a patient is in an inclined position.

[0035] Yet another feature or aspect of an embodiment is believed at the time of the filing of this patent application to reside broadly in the method, wherein: said patient support system further comprises at least one body strap; said patient support system comprises a kit; said method further comprises attaching said at least one body strap around said patient and said medical procedure table between steps C) and D); said step B) comprises using securing straps comprising a central portion, attached to a lower side of said viscoelastic pad, and fastener ends, each comprising a hook and loop fastener; said step D) comprises adjusting the angle of inclination of said medical procedure table to orient said patient in a Trendelenburg position; said viscoelastic pad has a thickness in the range of from three-fourths of an inch to three inches or greater; and said viscoelastic pad comprises a viscoelastic polyurethane foam having: a ball rebound sufficiently small to minimize rebound of said patient during an operation; a compression set sufficiently small to minimize discomfort of and injury to said patient on said medical procedure table; an air flow sufficient to provide substantial air flow about said patient to minimize injury to said patient and maintain a patient in an inclined position; an indentation force deflection sufficient to provide a securing hold on said patient; a tensile strength sufficient to minimize tearing of said viscoelastic pad; a coefficient of static friction sufficient to assist in minimizing movement of said viscoelastic pad on said medical procedure table when said patient is on said medical procedure table; and a density configured to provide said ball rebound, said compression set, said air flow, said indentation force deflection, said tensile strength, and said coefficient of static friction.

[0036] Still another feature or aspect of an embodiment is believed at the time of the filing of this patent application to reside broadly in a patient support system for performing the method, said patient support system comprising: a viscoelastic pad; securing straps connected to said viscoelastic pad; said securing straps being configured to secure said viscoelastic pad to a medical procedure table; said viscoelastic pad comprising: sufficient thickness and viscosity to sufficiently cushion the body of a patient to minimize and/or prevent bottoming out on a medical procedure table of one or more of the portions of the body of a patient during positioning of a patient and during a medical procedure, and to minimize injuries from pressure during a medical procedure; sufficient compliance to conform to a substantial portion of the body of a patient; sufficient thinness to stabilize a patient on a medical procedure table upon a patient being in an inclined position; sufficient thinness to stabilize a patient on a medical procedure table upon a patient being in an inclined position, and sufficient thickness and sufficient compliance to permit formation of a cavity in said viscoelastic pad of a depth sufficient to assist in holding a patient on a medical procedure table and/or minimizing undesired movement of the body of a patient on a medical procedure table during a medical procedure performed while a patient is in an inclined position.

[0037] A further feature or aspect of an embodiment is believed at the time of the filing of this patent application to reside broadly in the patient support system, wherein: said patient support system further comprises at least one body strap configured to hold a patient down on a medical procedure table while a patient is in a Trendelenburg position; said patient support system comprises a kit; said at least one body strap comprises hook and loop fasteners; said securing straps each comprise a central portion, attached to a lower side of said viscoelastic pad, and fastener ends, each comprising a hook and loop fastener; said viscoelastic pad has a thickness in the range of from three-fourths of an inch to three inches or greater; and said viscoelastic pad comprises a viscoelastic polyurethane foam having: a ball rebound in the range of approximately 0.1 percent to approximately 5 percent; a compression set, for a 25 percent compression, of less than one percent; a air flow in the range of 2831684,6 cubic mm per minute to 84950538 cubic mm per minute (0,1 to 3 cubic foot per minute); a indentation force deflection in the range of approximately 31,13 N to 80,06 N (7 to approximately 18 pounds); a tensile strength in the range of approximately 34,47 Kpa to approximately 103,42 KPa (5 PSI to approximately 15 PSI); a coefficient of static friction is at least 0.2; and a density in the range of approximately 75 kilograms per cubic meter to approximately 110 kilograms per cubic meter.

[0038] Another feature or aspect of an embodiment is believed at the time of the filing of this patent application to reside broadly in a patient support arrangement configured to support and assist in holding a patient on an inclined medical procedure table, said patient support arrangement comprising: a pad comprising a thickness and a viscosity sufficient to cushion the body of a patient to minimize injuries from pressure during a medical procedure, and to minimize and/or prevent bottoming out on a medical procedure table of one or more of the portions of the body of a patient both during positioning of a patient and during a medical procedure; said pad comprising a compliance sufficient to permit said pad to conform to a substantial portion of the body of a patient; said thickness being sufficiently small to stabilize a patient on a medical procedure table upon a patient being in an inclined position; and said thickness and said compliance being sufficient to permit deformation of said pad to a depth sufficient to assist in holding a patient on a medical procedure table, and to assist in minimizing undesired movement of the body of a patient on a medical procedure table, during a medical procedure performed while a patient is in an inclined position.

[0039] Yet another feature or aspect of an embodiment is believed at the time of the filing of this patent application to reside broadly in the patient support arrangement, wherein said pad comprises a rebound, such as ball rebound, being sufficiently small to minimize undesirable movement of a patient during a medical procedure.

[0040] Still another feature or aspect of an embodiment is believed at the time of the filing of this patent application to reside broadly in the patient support arrangement, wherein said ball rebound is in the range of approximately 0.1 percent to approximately 5 percent.

[0041] A further feature or aspect of an embodiment is believed at the time of the filing of this patent application to reside broadly in the patient support arrangement, wherein said ball rebound is in the range of approximately 0.1 percent to approximately 1.9 percent.

[0042] One feature or aspect of an embodiment is believed at the time of the filing of this patent application to reside broadly in the patient support arrangement, wherein said pad comprises a compression set being sufficiently small to minimize discomfort of and injury to a patient on a medical procedure table.

[0043] Another feature or aspect of an embodiment is believed at the time of the filing of this patent application to reside broadly in the patient support arrangement, wherein said compression set, for a 25 percent compression, is less than one percent.

[0044] Yet another feature or aspect of an embodiment is believed at the time of the filing of this patent application to reside broadly in the patient support arrangement, wherein said compression set, for a 25 percent compression, is less than 0.3 percent.

[0045] Still another feature or aspect of an embodiment is believed at the time of the filing of this patent application to reside broadly in the patient support arrangement, wherein said pad comprises an indentation force deflection sufficient to provide a securing hold on a patient.

[0046] A further feature or aspect of an embodiment is believed at the time of the filing of this patent application to reside broadly in the patient support arrangement, wherein said indentation force deflection is in the range of approximately 31,13 N to approximately 80,06 N (7 to approximately 18 pounds).

[0047] Another feature or aspect of an embodiment is believed at the time of the filing of this patent application to reside broadly in the patient support arrangement, wherein said indentation force deflection is in the range of approximately 44,48 N to approximately 66,72 N (10 to approximately 15 pounds).

[0048] Yet another feature or aspect of an embodiment is believed at the time of the filing of this patent application to reside broadly in the patient support arrangement, wherein said pad comprises: a compression set being sufficiently small to minimize discomfort of and injury to a patient on a medical procedure table; and an indentation force deflection sufficient to provide a securing hold on a patient.

[0049] Still another feature or aspect of an embodiment is believed at the time of the filing of this patent application to reside broadly in the patient support arrangement, wherein: said pad has a thickness in the range of from 19,05 mm to 76,2 mm (three-fourths of an inch to three inches) or greater; and said pad comprises: an air flow sufficient to provide substantial air flow about a patient to minimize injury to a patient and maintain a patient in an inclined position; a tensile strength sufficient to minimize tearing of said pad; a coefficient of static friction sufficient to assist in minimizing movement of said pad on a medical procedure table when a patient is on a medical procedure table; and a density configured to provide said ball rebound, said compression set, said airflow, said indentation force deflection, said tensile strength, and said coefficient of static friction.

[0050] A further feature or aspect of an embodiment is believed at the time of the filing of this patent application to reside broadly in the patient support arrangement, wherein: said ball rebound is in the range of approximately 0.1 percent to approximately 5 percent; said compression set, for a 25 percent compression, is less than one percent; said air flow is in the range of 2831684,6 cubic mm per minute to 84950538 cubic mm per minute (0,1 to 3 cubic foot per minute); said indentation force deflection is in the range of approximately 31,13 N to approximately 80,06 N (7 to approximately 18 pounds); said tensile strength is in the range of approximately 34,47 Kpa to approximately 103,42 Kpa (5 PSI to approximately 15 PSI); said coefficient of static friction is at least 0.2; and said density is in the range of approximately 75 kilograms per cubic meter to approximately 110 kilograms per cubic meter.

[0051] Another feature or aspect of an embodiment is believed at the time of the filing of this patent application to reside broadly in the patient support arrangement, wherein: said ball rebound is in the range of approximately 0.1 percent to approximately 1.9 percent; said compression set, for a 25 percent compression, is less than 0.3 percent; said air flow is in the range of 8495053,8 cubic mm per minute to approximately 28316846,6 mm per minute (0,3 to 1 cubic foot per minute); said indentation force deflection is in the range of approximately 44,4822 N to approximately 66,7233 N (10 to approximately 15 pounds); said tensile strength is in the range of approximately 55,15 Kpa to approximately 82,73 Kpa (8 PSI to approximately 12 PSI); said coefficient of static friction is in the range of 0.2 to 1.0; and said density is in the range of approximately 83 kilograms per cubic meter to approximately 103 kilograms per cubic meter.

[0052] Yet another feature or aspect of an embodiment is believed at the time of the filing of this patent application to reside broadly in the patient support arrangement, wherein at least one of a) - g): a) said ball rebound is in the range of approximately 0.1 percent to approximately 5 percent; b) said compression set, for a 25 percent compression, is less than one percent; c) said air flow is in the range of 2831684,6 cubic mm per minute to 84950536 cubic mm per minute (0,1 to 3 cubic foot per minute); d) said indentation force deflection is in the range of approximately 31,16N to approximately 80,06 N (7 to approximately 18 pounds); e) said tensile strength is in the range of approximately 34,47 Kpa to approximately 103,42 KPa (5 PSI to approximately 15 PSI); f) said coefficient of static friction is at least 0.2; and g) said density is in the range of approximately 75 kilograms per cubic meter to approximately 110 kilograms per cubic meter.

[0053] Still another feature or aspect of an embodiment is believed at the time of the filing of this patent application to reside broadly in the patient support arrangement, wherein at least one of h) - n): h) said ball rebound is in the range of approximately 0.1 percent to approximately 1.9 percent; i) said compression set, for a 25 percent compression, is less than 0.3 percent; j) said air flow is in the range of 8495053,8 cubic mm per minute to 28316846,6 cubic mm per minute (0,3 to 1 cubic foot per minute); k) said indentation force deflection is in the range of approximately 44,4822 N to approximately 66,7233 N (10 to approximately 15 pounds); I) said tensile strength is in the range of approximately 55,15 Kpa to approximately 82,73 Kpa (8 PSI to approximately 12 PSI); m) said coefficient of static friction is in the range of 0.2 to 1.0; and n) said density is in the range of approximately 83 kilograms per cubic meter to approximately 103 kilograms per cubic meter.

[0054] A further feature or aspect of an embodiment is believed at the time of the filing of this patent application to reside broadly in the patient support arrangement, wherein: said pad comprises a viscoelastic material; said patient support arrangement further comprises securing straps attached to said pad and at least one body strap; said securing straps are configured to secure said pad to a medical procedure table; said securing straps each comprise a central portion, attached to a lower side of said pad, and fastener ends, each comprising a hook and loop fastener; said at least one body strap is configured to hold a patient down on a medical procedure table while a patient is in a Trendelenburg position; and said patient support arrangement comprises a kit.

[0055] One feature or aspect of an embodiment is believed at the time of the filing of this patent application to reside broadly in a patient support arrangement configured to support and assist in holding a patient in a Trendelenburg position on an inclined medical procedure table, in which the head of the patient is disposed below the body of the patient, or in which the head of the patient is disposed above the body of the patient, or in which the right side of the patient is disposed above the left side or vice versa, or a combination of any of these positions, said patient support arrangement comprising: a pad comprising a viscoelastic polyurethane foam; said pad comprising a thickness and softness sufficient to permit deformation of said pad to a depth sufficient to assist in holding a patient on a medical procedure table during a medical procedure performed while a patient is in a Trendelenburg position; and said pad being configured to recover from a deformation at a rate in a range sufficient to maintain support and minimize disruptive movement of at least a portion of a body of a patient on a medical procedure table during a medical procedure performed while a patient is in a Trendelenburg position.

[0056] Another feature or aspect of an embodiment is believed at the time of the filing of this patent application to reside broadly in the patient support arrangement, wherein said rate of recovery of said pad is insufficient to assist in causing disruptive movement of at least a portion of a body of a patient.

[0057] One feature or aspect of an embodiment is believed at the time of the filing of this patent application to reside broadly in a patient support arrangement configured to support and assist in holding a patient in an inclined position on an inclined medical procedure table, in which inclined position the head of the patient is disposed either below or above the body of the patient, said patient support arrangement comprising: a pad comprising a memory foam; and said pad comprising a thickness and softness sufficient to permit deformation of said pad to a depth sufficient to assist in holding a patient on a medical procedure table during a medical procedure performed while a patient is in said inclined position.

[0058] One feature or aspect of an embodiment is believed at the time of the filing of this patent application to reside broadly in a method of minimizing injuries caused by pressure on portions of a body of a patient and minimizing unwanted movement of a patient on an inclined medical procedure table, such as a surgical operating table or a patient examination table, using a patient support arrangement according to one of the embodiments disclosed herein and in the claims.

[0059] The appended drawings in their entirety, including all dimensions, proportions and/or shapes in at least one embodiment of the invention, are accurate and are hereby included by reference into this specification.

[0060] All, or substantially all, of the components and methods of the various embodiments may be used with at least one embodiment or all of the embodiments, if more than one embodiment is described herein.

[0061] The embodiments of the invention described herein above in the context of the preferred embodiments are not to be taken as limiting the embodiments of the invention to all of the provided details thereof, since modifications and variations thereof may be made without departing from the scope of the embodiments of the invention.

REFERENCES CITED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of references cited by the applicant is for the reader's convenience only. It does not form part of the European patent document. Even though great care has been taken in compiling the references, errors or omissions cannot be excluded and the EPO disclaims all liability in this regard.

Patent documents cited in the description • US2010Q212087A Γ00011 • US8066524B [0028]

Claims

1. Patientstøtteanordning, som er konfigureret til at støtte og assistere med at holde en patient (128) i en skrå position på et medicinsk behandlingsbord (120), hvor den skrå position omfatter et Trendelenburgs leje, i hvilken skrå position hovedet af patienten er anbragt enten under eller over kroppen af patienten, eller i hvilken den højre side af patienten er anbragt over den venstre side eller omvendt, eller en kombination af enhver af disse positioner, hvor patientstøtteanordningen omfatter: et underlag (102), som omfatter hukommelsesskum; og hvor underlaget (102) omfatter en tykkelse og en blødhed, som er tilstrækkelig til at muliggøre deformation af underlaget til en dybde, der er tilstrækkelig til at medvirke til at holde en patient på det medicinske behandlingsbord (120) under en medicinsk behandling, som udføres, mens patienten (128) er i den skrå position, hvor hukommelsesskummet omfatter et viskoelastisk skum, hvor patientstøtteanordningen ydermere omfatter fastgørelsesmidler, som udstrækker sig i bredderetningen, og som er sikringsstropper (104) til at holde underlaget på det medicinske behandlingsbord, hvor fastgørelsesmidlerne omfatter en midterdel (112), som er konfigureret til at blive fastgjort med underlaget (102).A patient support device configured to support and assist in holding a patient (128) in an oblique position on a medical treatment table (120), the oblique position comprising a Trendelenburg bearing, in which oblique position the head of the patient is disposed either below or above the body of the patient, or in which the right side of the patient is positioned above the left or vice versa, or a combination of any of these positions, wherein the patient support device comprises: a support (102) comprising memory foam; and wherein the support (102) comprises a thickness and a softness sufficient to permit deformation of the support to a depth sufficient to assist in keeping a patient on the medical treatment table (120) during a medical treatment which being performed while the patient (128) is in the oblique position where the memory foam comprises a viscoelastic foam, the patient support device further comprising width-extending fasteners and being securing straps (104) for holding the support on the medical treatment table, where the fasteners comprises a center portion (112) configured to be secured to the base (102).

2. Patientstøtteanordning ifølge krav 1, hvor det viskoelastiske skum omfatter et polyuretanskum.The patient support device of claim 1, wherein the viscoelastic foam comprises a polyurethane foam.

3. Patientstøtteanordning ifølge ét af kravene 1 eller 2, hvor underlaget (102) er indrettet til at genvinde sin form efter en deformation med en hastighed i et område, der er tilstrækkeligt til at opretholde støtte og minimere forstyrrende bevægelser af mindst en del af kroppen af en patient (128) på et medicinsk behandlingsbord (120) under en medicinsk behandling, som foretages mens patienten er i den skrå position.A patient support device according to any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein the support (102) is adapted to regain its shape after a deformation at a velocity in an area sufficient to maintain support and minimize disturbing movements of at least part of the body. of a patient (128) on a medical treatment table (120) during a medical treatment performed while the patient is in the oblique position.

4. Patientstøtteanordning ifølge ét af kravene 1-3, hvor formgenvindingshastigheden af underlaget (102) er tilstrækkelig lav til at minimere forstyrrende bevægelser af mindst en del af kroppen af en patient i den skrå position.The patient support device according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the shape recovery rate of the support (102) is sufficiently low to minimize disruptive movements of at least part of the body of a patient in the oblique position.

5. Patientstøttearrangement ifølge ét af kravene 1-4, hvor: underlaget (102) omfatter et viskoelastisk Trendelenburg-underlag til engangsbrug.The patient support arrangement according to one of claims 1-4, wherein: the substrate (102) comprises a disposable Trendelenburg viscoelastic substrate.

6. Patientstøttearrangement ifølge ét af kravene 1-5, hvor: midterdelen (112) er konfigureret til at blive fastgjort til en nedre del af underlaget og ender af fastgørelsesmidler, som hvert omfatter et burrelukke (106, 108); hvor underlaget har en tykkelse i området fra 1,905 cm til ca. 7,62 cm eller mere; og hvor underlaget omfatter et viskoelastisk polyuretanskum, som har: et kugletilbagespring, som er tilstrækkeligt småt til at minimere tilbagespring af patienten under en operation; en blivende deformation, som er tilstrækkelig lille til at minimere ubehag af og skade på patienten på det kirurgiske operationsbord (120); en luftstrømning, som er tilstrækkelig til at tilvejebringe væsentlig luftstrømning omkring patienten for at minimere skade på patienten og bevare en patient i et anvendeligt Trendelenburgs leje; en indtrykningskraftafbøjning, som er tilstrækkelig til at tilvejebringe et sikrende hold på patienten; en trækbrudstyrke, som er tilstrækkelig til at minimere rivning af underlaget; og en tæthed, som er konfigureret til at tilvejebringe kugletilbagespringet, den blivende deformation, luftstrømningen, indtrykningskraftafbøjningen og trækbrudstyrken.The patient support arrangement according to one of claims 1-5, wherein: the middle portion (112) is configured to be secured to a lower portion of the support and ends of fasteners, each comprising a cage closure (106, 108); wherein the substrate has a thickness in the range of about 1.905 cm to about 7.62 cm or more; and wherein the substrate comprises a viscoelastic polyurethane foam having: a ball recess sufficiently small to minimize recurrence of the patient during an operation; a permanent deformation sufficiently small to minimize discomfort and injury to the patient on the surgical operating table (120); an air flow sufficient to provide substantial air flow around the patient to minimize damage to the patient and maintain a patient in a usable Trendelenburg bed; an compressive deflection sufficient to provide a secure hold on the patient; a tensile strength sufficient to minimize tearing of the substrate; and a density configured to provide the ball recoil, permanent deformation, air flow, compressive deflection, and tensile strength.

7. Patientstøtteanordning ifølge ét af kravene 1-6, hvor underlaget omfatter et viskoelastisk polyuretanskum, som har en statisk gnidningskoefficient, som er tilstrækkelig til at medvirke til at minimere bevægelse af underlaget på det medicinske behandlingsbord, når patienten er på det medicinske behandlingsbord (120).A patient support device according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the support comprises a viscoelastic polyurethane foam having a static rubbing coefficient sufficient to help minimize movement of the support on the medical treatment table when the patient is on the medical treatment table (120). ).

8. Patientstøtteanordning ifølge ét af kravene 1-6, hvor underlaget omfatter et viskoelastisk polyuretanskum, der har en kombination af friktionskoefficienten mellem patienten og skummet og holdeevnen af indtrykket, som er forårsaget af patienten i skummet, hvilken kombination er tilstrækkelig til at medvirke til at minimere bevægelsen af patienten i Trendelenburgs leje på et kirurgisk operationsbord (120).The patient support device according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the support comprises a viscoelastic polyurethane foam having a combination of the coefficient of friction between the patient and the foam and the holding capacity of the impression caused by the patient in the foam, which combination is sufficient to help minimize the movement of the patient in Trendelenburg's bed on a surgical operating table (120).

9. Patientstøtteanordning ifølge ét af kravene 1-6, hvor underlaget omfatter et viskoelastisk polyuretanskum, der har en ækvivalent totalgnidningskarakteristik, som inkluderer friktion forårsaget af gnidningskoefficienten og gnidningen eller den gnidningslignende kraft mellem patienten og skummet og holdeevnen af indtrykket, der er forårsaget af en patient grundet skumdeformation, og som kan være op til én eller derover, og hvor gnidningskoefficienten mellem underlaget og bordet er i området fra 0,2 til 1,0.The patient support device according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the support comprises a viscoelastic polyurethane foam having an equivalent total rubbing characteristic which includes friction caused by the rubbing coefficient and the rubbing or rubbing-like force between the patient and the foam and the holding capacity of the impression caused by patient due to foam deformation, which may be up to one or more and where the coefficient of friction between the substrate and the table is in the range of 0.2 to 1.0.

10. Patientstøtteanordning ifølge ét af kravene 1-9, hvor underlaget omfatter et tilbagespring, såsom et kugletilbagespring, som er tilstrækkeligt småt til at minimere uønsket bevægelse af en patient under en medicinsk behandling, hvor kugletilbagespringet er i området fra cirka 0,1 procent til cirka 5 procent eller i området cirka 0,1 procent til cirka 1,9 procent.The patient support device according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein the support comprises a backbone, such as a ball backbone, which is small enough to minimize unwanted movement of a patient during a medical treatment wherein the ball backbone is in the range of about 0.1 percent to about 5 percent or in the range of about 0.1 percent to about 1.9 percent.

11. Patientstøtteanordning ifølge ét af kravene 1-10, hvor underlaget omfatter en blivende deformation, som er tilstrækkelig lille til at minimere ubehag af og skade på en patient på et medicinsk behandlingsbord (120), hvor den blivende deformation ved en 25 procent sammentrykning er mindre end én procent eller mindre end 0,3 procent.A patient support device according to any one of claims 1-10, wherein the support comprises a permanent deformation sufficiently small to minimize discomfort and injury to a patient on a medical treatment table (120), wherein the permanent deformation at a 25 percent compression is less than one percent or less than 0.3 percent.

12. Patientstøtteanordning ifølge et hvilket som helst af de foregående krav, hvor det viskoelastiske skum omfatter en formgenindvindingshastighed: i området fra cirka 2 til 10 sekunder for cirka 50 procent til 80 procent formgenindvinding efter deformation, som er forårsaget af placering af en voksen torso på et cirka 2,54 cm tykt lag af viskoelastisk skum; i området fra cirka 6 til 15 sekunder for cirka 80 procent til 90 procent formgenindvinding efter deformation, som er forårsaget af placering af en voksen torso på et cirka 2,54 cm tykt lag af viskoelastisk skum; og i området fra cirka 10 til 35 sekunder for 100 procent formgenindvinding efter deformation.A patient support device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the viscoelastic foam comprises a shape recovery rate: in the range of about 2 to 10 seconds for about 50 percent to 80 percent shape recovery after deformation caused by the placement of an adult torso of a approximately 2.54 cm thick layer of viscoelastic foam; in the range of about 6 to 15 seconds for about 80 percent to 90 percent shape recovery after deformation caused by placement of an adult torso on a approximately 2.54 cm thick layer of viscoelastic foam; and in the range of about 10 to 35 seconds for 100 percent shape recovery after deformation.

13. Patientstøttearrangement ifølge ét af kravene 1-12, hvor det viskoelastiske skum af patientstøttearrangementet omfatter et polyuretanskum, som er lavet af polyhydroxy-polyol blandet med toluendiisocyanat.The patient support arrangement according to any one of claims 1-12, wherein the viscoelastic foam of the patient support arrangement comprises a polyurethane foam made of polyhydroxy-polyol mixed with toluene diisocyanate.

14. Fremgangsmåde til at minimere skader, som er forårsaget af tryk på dele af en krop af en patient, og minimere uønsket bevægelse af en patient i forbindelse med sikring af patienten til et medicinsk behandlingsbord, såsom et kirurgisk operationsbord (120) eller et patientundersøgelsesbord, og i forbindelse med placering af det medicinske behandlingsbord i en skrå position, ved brug af en patientstøtteanordning ifølge krav 1 til 13, hvor fremgangsmåden omfatter: at anbringe et viskoelastisk underlag (102) af en patientstøtteanordning ifølge ét af kravene 1 til 13 i en position på det medicinske behandlingsbord; at fastgøre sikringsstropper (104), som er forbundet med det viskoelastiske underlag (102), til det medicinske behandlingsbord; at anbringe en patient på det viskoelastiske underlag og derved deformere det viskoelastiske underlag; at indstille en vinkel på hældningen af det medicinske behandlingsbord til at placere patienten i en vinkel i en skrå position; og at medvirke til i det væsentlige at holde kroppen af patienten på det medicinske behandlingsbord uden væsentlig bevægelse af kroppen af patienten ved brug af det viskoelastiske underlag.A method for minimizing damage caused by pressure on parts of a patient's body and minimizing unwanted movement of a patient in securing the patient to a medical treatment table, such as a surgical operating table (120) or a patient examination table and in connection with placing the medical treatment table in an inclined position, using a patient support device according to claims 1 to 13, wherein the method comprises: placing a viscoelastic support (102) of a patient support device according to one of claims 1 to 13 position on the medical treatment table; securing securing straps (104) connected to the viscoelastic support (102) to the medical treatment table; placing a patient on the viscoelastic support thereby deforming the viscoelastic support; adjusting the angle of inclination of the medical treatment table to place the patient at an angle in an oblique position; and to assist in substantially keeping the body of the patient on the medical treatment table without substantial movement of the body by the patient using the viscoelastic substrate.