DK2364909T3 - Procedure for mounting a deep-sea offshore device - Google Patents
Procedure for mounting a deep-sea offshore device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DK2364909T3 DK2364909T3 DK11157703.7T DK11157703T DK2364909T3 DK 2364909 T3 DK2364909 T3 DK 2364909T3 DK 11157703 T DK11157703 T DK 11157703T DK 2364909 T3 DK2364909 T3 DK 2364909T3
- Authority
- DK
- Denmark
- Prior art keywords
- section
- truss
- buoyant hull
- pontoon
- initial
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
- B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
- B63B35/4406—Articulated towers, i.e. substantially floating structures comprising a slender tower-like hull anchored relative to the marine bed by means of a single articulation, e.g. using an articulated bearing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
- B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
- B63B1/04—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with single hull
- B63B1/048—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with single hull with hull extending principally vertically
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B75/00—Building or assembling floating offshore structures, e.g. semi-submersible platforms, SPAR platforms or wind turbine platforms
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
- B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
- B63B1/04—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with single hull
- B63B2001/044—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with single hull with a small waterline area compared to total displacement, e.g. of semi-submersible type
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
- B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
- B63B2035/442—Spar-type semi-submersible structures, i.e. shaped as single slender, e.g. substantially cylindrical or trussed vertical bodies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B39/00—Equipment to decrease pitch, roll, or like unwanted vessel movements; Apparatus for indicating vessel attitude
- B63B39/06—Equipment to decrease pitch, roll, or like unwanted vessel movements; Apparatus for indicating vessel attitude to decrease vessel movements by using foils acting on ambient water
- B63B2039/067—Equipment to decrease pitch, roll, or like unwanted vessel movements; Apparatus for indicating vessel attitude to decrease vessel movements by using foils acting on ambient water effecting motion dampening by means of fixed or movable resistance bodies, e.g. by bilge keels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
- B63B35/003—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for for transporting very large loads, e.g. offshore structure modules
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Wind Motors (AREA)
- Foundations (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
- Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
- Automatic Assembly (AREA)
- Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
Description
DESCRIPTION
Field and Background [0001] The invention is generally related to floating offshore structures and more particularly but not exclusively to a spar type structure with a jacket/truss section.
[0002] As now known in the offshore oil and gas industry, the spar type structure with a jacket/truss extending from the buoyant hull, such as that described in U.S. Patent 5,558,467, provides a number of advantages over other floating structures such as a traditional spar type structure or a TLP (Tension Leg Platform) that makes it desirable, especially for use in deep water. Versions of the spar can be designed for environment specific locations around the world.
[0003] Environmental conditions such as waves, winds, and currents are directly related to the length of the structure required for acceptable motions such as heave, pitch, and yaw. More extreme environmental conditions require longer buoyant hull and truss sections in order to provide acceptable motions. One of the main advantages of the spar is that it can support a type of riser called a top tensioned riser. The riser is the main line that lifts hydrocarbons from subsea reservoirs. The top tensioned riser is supported by the spar using a tensioning device mounted on the production deck at the top of the riser. Recently the industry is moving to a new method of tensioning using hydraulic/pneumatic tensioners. This method of tensioning can cause an increase in the spar heave motions. The solution to overcome this effect of the tensioner is to increase the length of the spar and add a longer truss with more heave plates.
[0004] Because of the specialty facilities required in the fabrication yards to construct the spar, there are a limited number available worldwide. Consequently, when the location at which the spar will be installed is not near the construction site, the spar must be loaded onto a heavy transport vessel and transported to a site near the location of the final installation. The world wide number of transport vessels available for this operation is very limited because of the required size of the transport vessel. Also, these vessels have limitations on the weight and length of the spar that can be transported.
[0005] Typical construction of the truss type spar has consisted of building the buoyant hull and truss sections separately and then joining them together on land at a fabrication yard when the total length and weight of the joined buoyant hull and truss sections are within the range that can be transported on a heavy lift transportation vessel. When the combined length of the buoyant hull and truss is too long or too heavy for the transport vessel, the buoyant hull and the truss are transported separately to a fabrication site near the final installation location. When the truss and buoyant hull are transported as separate pieces, they are offloaded from the transport vessel by floating the two pieces and joining them while they are floating near a dockside. It is more difficult to make the connection in this manner than to make the connection on land. When possible, making this connection on land is the preferred method. Examples of such systems are seen in GB2378472 and US2002/139286.
[0006] The connection between the truss and buoyant hull is extremely critical because if the truss separates from the buoyant hull it becomes unstable and can capsize. High stress areas in the connection that can result in its failure can be caused by misalignments and other dimensional tolerances that are difficult to comply with when the connection is made with the buoyant hull and truss section floating near a dockside. It is practical in almost all cases to make the main connection between the truss and buoyant hull on land and to attach an initial truss of sufficient length to keep the spar stable even if the additional truss section separates after the hull is installed. Because this main connection is made on land, the connection between the additional truss sections and the initial truss section is less critical when making the connection dockside with the spar and additional truss sections floating. Typically the joining operation has been carried out in a fabrication or ship yard that is closer to the final offshore installation site than the original construction yards. Performing this construction in this way can present special challenges in the form of extra time, costs, and potential alignment issues.
[0007] A typical truss spar for the Gulf of Mexico has a buoyant hull and truss section that is approximately 170 meters long (550 feet). This is close to the maximum length that can be transported as a single unit by available transport units. Some areas of the world such as the North Sea with more extreme environmental conditions require longer buoyant hulls and truss sections. The difficulties of joining the truss section to the buoyant hull are increased with the longer buoyant hulls and truss sections. Another critical limitation is that there are only a few fabrication/ship yards around the world with the capability to receive and join these two longer sections.
Summary [0008] The present disclosure arises from work carried out in the knowledge of shortcomings and issues in the known art.
[0009] Particular aspects and embodiments of the invention are set out in the appended independent and dependent claims.
[0010] Viewed from a first aspect, there can be provided a truss type spar that allows the extension of the truss to complete the total required length and eliminates the need for the more critical and complex attachment of the buoyant hull to the truss section to be made with these two structural components in a floating condition. Additional truss sections supporting heave plates can be added to the initial truss section at a fabrication site/yard that is remote from the site/yard where the buoyant hull and truss sections were originally built. The extension is completed by adding sections to the initial truss after transport. The buoyant hull and initial truss sections are constructed at the fabrication yard of choice, joined together, and transported to a dockside location or fabrication yard that is as close as possible to the final offshore installation site. Transport of such completed structures is normally done on a heavy lift vessel to reduce transport time and prevent damage to the buoyant hull and truss sections. Once at the fabrication yard/dock, the buoyant hull and initial truss section already connected to the buoyant hull are floated off the heavy lift vessel and the draft adjusted to a position suitable for joining additional truss sections. One or more additional truss sections can be attached to the initial truss section, after which the completed buoyant hull and truss is towed to the final offshore installation site.
[0011] The various features of novelty which distinguish the invention are pointed out with particularity in the claims annexed to and forming a part of this disclosure. For a better understanding of the present disclosure, its operating advantages and specific objects attained by its uses, reference is made to the accompanying drawings and descriptive matter in which detailed embodiments are illustrated.
Brief Description of the Drawings [0012] In the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, and in which reference numerals shown in the drawings designate like or corresponding parts throughout the same: FIG. 1 illustrates a completed structure in the upright installed position. FIG. 2 illustrates a joined buoyant hull and initial truss section placed on a heavy lift vessel for transport. FIG. 3 illustrates the joined buoyant hull and initial truss section being floated off of the heavy lift vessel. FIG. 4 illustrates the buoyant hull and initial truss section in a floating horizontal position with additional truss sections being moved in for attachment to the initial truss section. FIG. 5 illustrates the structure with the additional truss sections attached to the initial truss section.
[0013] While the invention is susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specific embodiments are shown by way of example in the drawings and are herein described in detail. It should be understood, however, that drawings and detailed description thereto are not intended to limit the invention to the particular form disclosed, but on the contrary, the invention is to cover all modifications, equivalents and alternatives falling within the scope of the appended claims.
Detailed Description [0014] A completed offshore structure 10 is illustrated in Fig. 1 in the upright installed position. The structure includes a buoyant hull section 12, an initial truss section 14, additional truss sections 16, 18, and a topsides 20.
[0015] The buoyant hull section 12 and initial truss section 14 are preferably constructed at the same location in the normal manner as well known in the industry. The buoyant hull section 12 and initial truss section 14 are then joined together at the construction location on land and placed on a heavy lift vessel 22 as illustrated in Fig. 2. The joined buoyant hull section 12 and initial truss section 14 are then transported on the heavy lift vessel 22 to a location such as a dock or ship yard that is closer to the final offshore installation site. This minimizes the towing distance of the structure when not on a heavy lift vessel 22.
[0016] After transportation to the dock or fabrication yard (second location) the already joined buoyant hull section 12 and initial truss section 14 are floated off of the heavy lift vessel, usually by ballasting the heavy lift vessel 22 down, as illustrated in Fig. 3, and moving the heavy lift vessel 22 or the buoyant hull section 12 and initial truss section 14. The draft of the buoyant hull section 12 and initial truss section 14 is adjusted to a suitable draft for attaching one or more additional truss sections 16, 18 to the initial truss section 14.
[0017] As seen in Fig. 4, the additional truss sections 16, 18 are floated into position adjacent the end of the initial truss section 14 and rigidly attached to the initial truss section 14. The completed structure of the buoyant hull section 12, initial truss section 14, and additional truss sections 16, 18 is then towed to the final offshore installation site in the horizontal position as seen in Fig. 5 and installed in a manner known in the art whereby the ballast of the structure is adjusted to cause the truss sections to lower into the water such that the entire structure is in a vertical position with a preselected portion of the buoyant hull 12 above the water line. The structure is moored into place and the topsides 20 is installed on the buoyant hull section 12.
[0018] In order to insure that the connection between the buoyant hull 12 and the initial truss section 14 can be made on land in a more controlled and amenable condition and subsequently transported as a single unit to the offloading location, the spar hull is designed to be the maximum allowable combination of buoyant hull 12 and initial truss section 14 that can be transported on a particular vessel. If this renders the truss length too short and the hull requires additional heave plates to meet the prescribed operation, these additional truss sections 16 supporting the heave plates will be added after transportation. This approach facilitates making the most critical connection between the buoyant hull 12 and the initial truss section 14 on land as compared to previous methods which required transporting the buoyant hull and truss separately and making this connection in a floating condition after transportation.
[0019] Therefore, from one viewpoint, there has been disclosed a truss type spar that eliminates the need for the more complex and critical attachment of the buoyant hull to the truss section at a fabrication site/yard that is remote from the fabrication yard where the buoyant hull and truss sections were originally built. The buoyant hull and initial truss sections are constructed at the fabrication yard of choice, joined together, and transported to a dock or fabrication yard (a second location) that is as close as possible to the final offshore installation site. Transport of such completed structures, either separately or together, is normally done on a heavy lift vessel to reduce transport time and prevent damage to the buoyant hull and truss sections. Once at the fabrication yard/dock, the joined buoyant hull and initial truss section are floated off the heavy lift vessel and the draft adjusted to a position suitable for joining additional truss sections. One or more additional truss sections can be attached to the initial section, and the completed buoyant hull and truss is then towed to the final offshore installation site.
[0020] The structure and method disclosed herein can provide a number of advantages over the state of the art.
[0021] One advantage is it allows the most critical and complex connection between the buoyant hull and the initial truss section to be completed on land in a specialized fabrication yard.
[0022] Another advantage is it broadens the range of vessels capable of transporting the initial spar configuration.
[0023] Still another advantage is that any number of truss and heave plate sections can be added, extending the applicability of the spar to multiple possible deployment sites, making it more competitive in the global market.
[0024] Another advantage is that it minimizes the complexity of attaching the additional truss sections to the hull, resulting in a saving in time and cost.
[0025] While specific examples, embodiments and/or details have been shown and described above to illustrate the application of the principles of the invention, it is understood that this invention may be embodied as more fully described in the claims, or as otherwise known by those skilled in the art (including any and all equivalents), without departing from such principles.
REFERENCES CITED IN THE DESCRIPTION
This list of references cited by the applicant is for the reader's convenience only. It does not form part of the European patent document. Even though great care has been taken in compiling the references, errors or omissions cannot be excluded and the EPO disclaims all liability in this regard.
Patent documents cited in the description • US5558467A [00021 • GB2378472A [0065] • US2002139286A Γ00051
Claims (4)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/721,681 US20110219999A1 (en) | 2010-03-11 | 2010-03-11 | Deep Water Offshore Apparatus And Assembly Method |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DK2364909T3 true DK2364909T3 (en) | 2019-02-11 |
Family
ID=44063750
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DK11157703.7T DK2364909T3 (en) | 2010-03-11 | 2011-03-10 | Procedure for mounting a deep-sea offshore device |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20110219999A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2364909B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN102267547A (en) |
AU (1) | AU2011201094B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BRPI1101088B1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2733776A1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK2364909T3 (en) |
MX (1) | MX367372B (en) |
NZ (1) | NZ591695A (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102644453A (en) * | 2011-11-18 | 2012-08-22 | 上海市虹口区海乐应用技术研究所 | Novel Spar deep sea oil-exploration and oil-extraction engineering platform |
CN103010416A (en) * | 2012-12-17 | 2013-04-03 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Semi-submersible platform with heave plates and installing method of heave plates |
MX2020010630A (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2021-01-08 | Horton Do Brasil Tecnologia Offshore Ltda | Offshore steel structure with integral anti-scour and foundation skirts. |
CN111439347B (en) * | 2020-04-20 | 2020-10-27 | 中海油研究总院有限责任公司 | Self-installation single-upright-column platform and installation method thereof |
CN112049578A (en) * | 2020-09-02 | 2020-12-08 | 江苏省水文地质工程地质勘察院 | Offshore drilling operation device |
Family Cites Families (30)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US2586966A (en) * | 1949-08-08 | 1952-02-26 | Theodore M Kuss | Deep water oil well drilling system |
US2865179A (en) * | 1953-09-28 | 1958-12-23 | Shell Dev | Offshore drilling structure |
US2857744A (en) * | 1955-12-16 | 1958-10-28 | Shell Oil Co | Support structure |
US3641774A (en) * | 1970-01-30 | 1972-02-15 | Kaiser Steel Corp | Method and apparatus for fabricating an offshore structure |
US3736756A (en) * | 1971-11-03 | 1973-06-05 | Exxon Co | Method and apparatus for assembling an offshore structure |
US3859806A (en) * | 1972-09-05 | 1975-01-14 | Exxon Production Research Co | Offshore platform |
US4086777A (en) * | 1976-12-13 | 1978-05-02 | Standard Oil Company (Indiana) | Apparatus for launching battered leg jackets for offshore platforms |
US4825791A (en) * | 1983-08-10 | 1989-05-02 | Mcdermott International, Inc. | Ocean transport of pre-fabricated offshore structures |
JPS60208512A (en) * | 1984-03-30 | 1985-10-21 | Hitachi Zosen Corp | Installation of tower type marine structure |
US4648750A (en) * | 1985-03-25 | 1987-03-10 | Horton Edward E | Jacket tower structure and method of installation |
US4702321A (en) * | 1985-09-20 | 1987-10-27 | Horton Edward E | Drilling, production and oil storage caisson for deep water |
US4854779A (en) * | 1987-12-14 | 1989-08-08 | Shell Offshore Inc. | Installation of multipiece jackets using mating pins |
MY130599A (en) * | 1994-06-08 | 2007-07-31 | Cherwora Pty Ltd | Offshore construction and vessel |
US5558467A (en) * | 1994-11-08 | 1996-09-24 | Deep Oil Technology, Inc. | Deep water offshore apparatus |
GB9514415D0 (en) * | 1995-07-14 | 1995-09-13 | Kvaerner Earl & Wright | Offshore operations vessel |
US6196768B1 (en) * | 1996-11-15 | 2001-03-06 | Shell Oil Company | Spar fairing |
NO306289B1 (en) * | 1996-12-18 | 1999-10-18 | Offshore Shuttle As | Method and conveyor for use in the installation or removal of a chassis for an offshore platform |
US6227137B1 (en) * | 1996-12-31 | 2001-05-08 | Shell Oil Company | Spar platform with spaced buoyancy |
US6092483A (en) * | 1996-12-31 | 2000-07-25 | Shell Oil Company | Spar with improved VIV performance |
US6135673A (en) * | 1998-06-19 | 2000-10-24 | Deep Oil Technology, Incorporated | Method/apparatus for assembling a floating offshore structure |
US20020139286A1 (en) * | 2001-03-29 | 2002-10-03 | Lee James J. | Heave-damped caisson vessel |
US6565286B2 (en) * | 2001-08-10 | 2003-05-20 | Spartec, Inc. | Method for fabricating and assembling a floating offshore structure |
US6783302B2 (en) * | 2002-12-02 | 2004-08-31 | Robert W. Copple | Buoyant leg structure with added tubular members for supporting a deep water platform |
US6942427B1 (en) * | 2003-05-03 | 2005-09-13 | Nagan Srinivasan | Column-stabilized floating structure with telescopic keel tank for offshore applications and method of installation |
US7188574B2 (en) * | 2005-02-22 | 2007-03-13 | Spartec, Inc. | Cylindrical hull structural arrangement |
US20070166109A1 (en) * | 2006-01-13 | 2007-07-19 | Yun Ding | Truss semi-submersible offshore floating structure |
US7413384B2 (en) * | 2006-08-15 | 2008-08-19 | Agr Deepwater Development Systems, Inc. | Floating offshore drilling/producing structure |
US7553106B2 (en) * | 2006-09-05 | 2009-06-30 | Horton Technologies, Llc | Method for making a floating offshore drilling/producing structure |
CN101503109B (en) * | 2009-03-12 | 2012-12-12 | 大连船舶重工集团有限公司 | SPAR drill platform overall construction method |
US7849810B2 (en) * | 2009-04-24 | 2010-12-14 | J. Ray Mcdermott, S.A. | Mating of buoyant hull structure with truss structure |
-
2010
- 2010-03-11 US US12/721,681 patent/US20110219999A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2011
- 2011-03-10 AU AU2011201094A patent/AU2011201094B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2011-03-10 EP EP11157703.7A patent/EP2364909B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2011-03-10 DK DK11157703.7T patent/DK2364909T3/en active
- 2011-03-10 MX MX2011002653A patent/MX367372B/en active IP Right Grant
- 2011-03-11 NZ NZ591695A patent/NZ591695A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2011-03-11 CN CN2011101089733A patent/CN102267547A/en active Pending
- 2011-03-11 CA CA2733776A patent/CA2733776A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-03-11 BR BRPI1101088-6A patent/BRPI1101088B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20110219999A1 (en) | 2011-09-15 |
NZ591695A (en) | 2012-06-29 |
CN102267547A (en) | 2011-12-07 |
AU2011201094B2 (en) | 2012-06-14 |
EP2364909B1 (en) | 2018-11-07 |
BRPI1101088B1 (en) | 2020-08-25 |
BRPI1101088A2 (en) | 2012-08-07 |
EP2364909A2 (en) | 2011-09-14 |
MX367372B (en) | 2019-08-16 |
MX2011002653A (en) | 2011-11-08 |
AU2011201094A1 (en) | 2011-09-29 |
CA2733776A1 (en) | 2011-09-11 |
EP2364909A3 (en) | 2017-01-11 |
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