DK200300240Y6 - Pressure equalizer for district heating systems - Google Patents
Pressure equalizer for district heating systems Download PDFInfo
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- DK200300240Y6 DK200300240Y6 DK200300240U DKBA200300240U DK200300240Y6 DK 200300240 Y6 DK200300240 Y6 DK 200300240Y6 DK 200300240 U DK200300240 U DK 200300240U DK BA200300240 U DKBA200300240 U DK BA200300240U DK 200300240 Y6 DK200300240 Y6 DK 200300240Y6
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- DK
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- water
- piston
- district heating
- pressure
- pipeline
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/14—Combined heat and power generation [CHP]
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- Safety Valves (AREA)
- Check Valves (AREA)
Description
DK 2003 00240 Y6 TRYKUDLIGNER TIL FJERNVARMEANLÆG Den kendte teknikGB 2003 00240 Y6 PRESSURE EQUIPMENT FOR REMOVAL HEATING SYSTEM The prior art
Frembringelsen angår en anordning til udligning af overtryk i et fjernvarmeanlæg, og navnlig af det overtryk, der kan optræde ved en overophedning af anlæggets brugsvandsveksler, hvilken anordning er anbragt i den rørledning, der gennem en kontraventil fører koldt vand fra vandforsyningsnettet til brugsvandsvekslerens sekundærside.The production relates to a device for equalizing overpressure in a district heating system, and in particular to the overpressure that can occur by overheating the system's water-use exchanger, which is arranged in the pipeline which passes through a non-return valve cold water from the water supply network to the secondary side of the water-use exchanger.
I fjernvarmeanlæg tilføres varmt vand fra et varmeværk gennem et fremløb og føres tilbage gennem et returløb. For hvert forbrugssted er der mellem fremløbet og returløbet anbragt en brugsvandsveksler.In district heating systems, hot water from a heat plant is supplied through a flow and returned through a return flow. For each consumption point, a flow water exchanger is arranged between the flow and the return flow.
Denne brugsvandsvekslers primærside får således tilført vandet fra fremløbssiden, hvorfra det efter passage af brugsvandsveksleren afledes til retursiden. Brugsvandsvekslerens sekundærside får tilført koldt vand fra vandforsyningsnettet, som derved opvarmes til varmt brugsvand.The primary side of this DHW is thus fed to the water from the flow side, from which, after passing the DHW to the return side. The secondary side of the DHW is supplied with cold water from the water supply network, which is thereby heated to hot DHW.
Det kan forekomme, at temperaturen i brugsvandsvekslerens sekundærside stiger utilsigtet, f. eks. hvis styringen af gennemstrømningen på primærsiden af en eller anden grund blokeres. Derved kan der på grund af varmeudvidelse af vandet i brugsvandsveksleren optræde uacceptable trykstigninger. Af denne grund er det et sikkerhedskrav, at der findes en sikkerhedsventil eller en tilsvarende trykaflastningsindretning i tilførselsforbindelsen for det kolde vand.It may happen that the temperature in the secondary side of the DHW increases unintentionally, for example if the control of the flow on the primary side is blocked for some reason. As a result, unacceptable pressure rises may occur due to heat expansion of the water in the DHW. For this reason, it is a safety requirement that a safety valve or equivalent pressure relief device be provided in the cold water supply connection.
Ved brug af en sædvanlig sikkerhedsventil skal det vand, der i givet fald afgår fra sikkerhedsventilen, ligeledes af sikkerhedskrav, afledes til et afløb.When using a conventional safety valve, the water that exits the safety valve, if necessary, must also be discharged into a drain.
Denne etablering af forbindelse til et afløb er ofte forbundet med store vanskeligheder og omkostninger, ikke mindst når anlægget bruges i ejendomme med flere lejligheder, hvor der findes mindst en brugsvandsveksler i hver lejlighed.This connection to a drain is often associated with great difficulties and costs, not least when the plant is used in multi-dwelling properties where there is at least one utility water exchanger in each apartment.
2 DK 2003 00240 Y62 DK 2003 00240 Y6
Det er derfor ønskeligt at tilvejebringe en anordning til at tilgodese denne aflastningsfunktion, uden at det er nødvendigt at etablere forbindelse til et afløb, og som samtidig er prisbillig og nem at installere.It is therefore desirable to provide a device to accommodate this relief function without the need to establish a connection to a drain, which is at the same time affordable and easy to install.
Der kendes en kombineret kontra- og trykaflastningsventil til dette brug, hvor der ikke er behov for afledning til afløb. Kontraventilen er udformet med et stempelformet ventillegeme, der træder ind i en modsvarende cylindrisk del og tætner radialt mod denne. Ventillegemet har bag tætningen en opslidset del, der tillader passage af vand, når ventilen åbner. Ved overtryk på brugsvandsvekslersiden trykkes dette ventillegeme længere ind i den cylindriske del og giver derved den nødvendige plads for volumenudvidelsen.A combined counter and pressure relief valve is known for this use, where drainage is not needed. The check valve is formed with a piston-shaped valve body which enters a corresponding cylindrical portion and seals radially against it. The valve body has a slotted portion behind the seal which allows passage of water when the valve opens. When overpressure on the DHW side, this valve body is pushed further into the cylindrical portion, thereby providing the necessary space for the volume expansion.
Denne kombinerede kontra- og trykaflastningsventil er en relativt kompliceret konstruktion med det opslidsede ventillegeme og en pascylinder, der indgår i strømningsvejen for det kolde vand. Under brug kan et stykke af ledningsforbindelsen, hvis trykaflastningsfunktionen opstår, skiftevis komme i forbindelse med rent brugsvand fra nettet og vandet på brugsvandsvekslersiden, hvilket ikke er hensigtsmæssigt.This combined counter and pressure relief valve is a relatively complicated construction with the slotted valve body and a phase cylinder that forms part of the cold water flow path. During use, if the pressure relief function arises, a piece of the conduit connection may alternately come into contact with clean tap water from the grid and the tap water side, which is not appropriate.
I forbindelse med større opvarmningsanlæg med varmevekslere, såsom vandvarmere eller - kogere, er det sædvanligt at bruge trykaflastere, der omfatter en trykakkumulator med en membran eller et fladt stempellignende legeme, der afgrænser et gasfyldt trykkammer. GB 2 391 588 A omhandler et sådant arrangement, hvor en vandkoger til drikkevand er forsynet med en sædvanlig sikkerhedsventil og desuden har en yderligere sikkerhedsventil, der åbner ved et lavere tryk. Afgangsvandet fra denne sidstnævnte ventil ledes ind i en trykakkumulator med et stempel, der afgrænser et gasfyldt trykkammer. Når trykket igen er faldet, ledes vandet tilbage i systemet gennem en kontraventil. Med denne anordning undgås det, at sikkerhedsventilen aktiveres for tit med vandspil til følge.For larger heating systems with heat exchangers, such as water heaters or boilers, it is customary to use pressure relievers which include a pressure accumulator with a diaphragm or flat piston-like body defining a gas-filled pressure chamber. GB 2 391 588 A discloses such an arrangement in which a drinking water boiler is provided with a conventional safety valve and additionally has an additional safety valve which opens at a lower pressure. The discharge water from this latter valve is fed into a pressure accumulator with a plunger defining a gas-filled pressure chamber. When the pressure has dropped again, the water is fed back into the system through a non-return valve. This device prevents the safety valve from being activated too often with water spillage.
3 DK 2003 00240 Y6 Sådanne anordninger er beregnet til anlæg med højt tryk og stort vandforbrug og indbefatter store trykakkumulatorer og tryk- og kontraventiler.3 GB 2003 00240 Y6 Such devices are intended for systems with high pressure and high water consumption and include large pressure accumulators and pressure and check valves.
Formålet med frembringelsenPurpose of production
Det er formålet med frembringelsen at anvise en trykaflastningsenhed, som ikke fordrer adgang til afløb, som er enkel at fremstille og installere, og som er indrettet sådan, at alt vand på brugsvandsvekslersiden forbliver på samme side af kontraventilen.The object of the invention is to provide a pressure relief unit which does not require access to drains which are easy to manufacture and install, and which is arranged so that all water on the DHW side remains on the same side of the check valve.
Dette opnås ifølge frembringelsen med en anordning af den ovennævnte art, der, som det angives i krav 1, er ny ved at bestå af en i forbindelse med rørledningen stående cylinder med et deri tætsluttende stempel og en skruefjeder, der påvirker stemplet i retning mod rørledningen.This is achieved according to the invention with a device of the above-mentioned type, which, as stated in claim 1, is new in that it consists of a cylinder which is connected to the pipeline with a sealing piston therein and a coil spring which actuates the piston towards the pipeline. .
Med denne enkle anordning med blot en cylinder med et tilhørende stempel og en skruefjeder, der kan være anbragt mellem stemplet og en skrueprop ved cylinderens ende, og hvor der ikke findes ventiler eller andre strømnings- eller trykpåvirkende elementer, opnås det nævnte formål. Ved en trykstigning og volumenforøgelse i brugsvandsveksleren bevæger stemplet sig udad i cylinderen mod fjederens virkning, indtil volumenet er optaget. Med de brugsvandsvekslere, der bruges i dag, og som indeholder så lidt som omkring en halv liter vand, er dette volumen af begrænset størrelse og cylinderen kan derfor laves lille, under 10 cm lang. Alt vand bliver under enhver funktion inden for brugsvandsvekslersiden af kontraventilen, og der er således ingen del af rørføringen på netsiden, der kan komme i forbindelse med vand fra brugsvandsveksleren.With this simple device, with only a cylinder with an associated piston and a screw spring, which may be disposed between the piston and a screw plug at the end of the cylinder, and where no valves or other flow or pressure influencing elements are found, the said object is achieved. With a rise in pressure and volume increase in the DHW, the piston moves outwardly in the cylinder towards the action of the spring until the volume is absorbed. With the domestic water exchangers used today, which contain as little as about half a liter of water, this volume is of limited size and the cylinder can therefore be made small, less than 10 cm long. All water remains under any function within the DHW side of the non-return valve, and thus no part of the pipeline on the grid side can come into contact with water from the DHW.
Ved som angivet i krav 2 at montere cylinderen på rørledningen ved hjælp af en T-formet fitting, og at udføre fjederen som en trykfjeder, der er anbragt mellem stemplet og en skrueprop i cylinderens yderste ende, opnås en god praktisk anvendelig udførelsesform.As stated in claim 2, mounting the cylinder on the pipeline by means of a T-shaped fitting, and designing the spring as a compression spring arranged between the piston and a screw plug at the outer end of the cylinder, a good practical embodiment is obtained.
4 DK 2003 00240 Y64 DK 2003 00240 Y6
Stemplet kan være udført som angivet i krav 3, med to tætningsringe, fortrinsvis O-ringe, hvorved stemplets føring og bevægelse i cylindere bliver stabil og sikker.The piston may be constructed as claimed in claim 3, with two sealing rings, preferably O-rings, whereby the guide and movement of the piston in cylinders becomes stable and secure.
Kontraventilen kan hensigtsmæssigt, som angivet i krav 4, integreres med enheden, idet den kan anbringes i enhedens indløbsstuds. Herved opnås en kompakt enhed med både trykudligning og kontraventilfunktion.Conveniently, as specified in claim 4, the non-return valve can be integrated with the unit, as it can be placed in the unit inlet nozzle. This results in a compact unit with both pressure equalization and non-return valve function.
TegningenThe drawing
Frembringelsen forklares nærmere i det følgende under henvisning til tegningen, hvor fig. 1 skematisk viser et Ijernvarmeanlæg med anordningen til trykudligning ifølge frembringelsen og fig. 2 viser et billede af anordningen til trykudligning, delvist i snit.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 schematically shows an iron heating system with the pressure equalizing device according to the invention and FIG. 2 shows a view of the pressure equalizing device, partially in section.
Beskrivelse af et udførelseseksempel I figur 1 vises skematisk et fjernvarmeanlæg med fremløb og returløb for vandet fra varmeværket og med en brugsvandsveksler 2, der på sin primærside modtager vandet fra fremløbet og afleverer det til returløbet. Brugsvandsvekslerens sekundærside modtager koldt vand fra vandforsyningsnettet gennem en kontraventil 11. Anordningen til trykudligning er vist ved 3.Description of an embodiment Example 1 shows diagrammatically a district heating system with flow and return flow for the water from the heating plant and with a domestic water exchanger 2, which on its primary side receives the water from the flow and delivers it to the return flow. The secondary side of the DHW receives cold water from the water supply network through a check valve 11. The pressure equalization device is shown at 3.
Figur 2 viser delvis i snit, en udførelsesform for selve anordningen 3. En cylinder 4 er ved hjælp af en T-fitting 5 anbragt på den rørledning 6, der forbinder brugsvandsvekslerens sekundærside med vandforsyningsnettet. I cylinderen findes et tætsluttende stempel 7 med to O-ringe 8. En trykfjeder 9 mellem stemplet 7 og en gevindprop 10 i cylinderens top påvirker stemplet i en retning mod T- 5 DK 2003 00240 Y6 fittingen. Den kontraventil 11, der skal findes i rørledningen 6, er indbygget i anordningens indløbsstuds 12.Figure 2 shows in partial section, an embodiment of the device 3 itself. A cylinder 4 is arranged by means of a T-fitting 5 on the pipeline 6 connecting the secondary side of the DHW to the water supply network. In the cylinder is a tightly sealed piston 7 with two O-rings 8. A compression spring 9 between the piston 7 and a threaded plug 10 at the top of the cylinder influences the piston in a direction towards the T-fitting. The check valve 11 to be found in the conduit 6 is built into the device inlet nozzle 12.
Hvis trykket i brugsvandsveksleren stiger på grund af ophedning og den deraf følgende varmeudvidelse af vandet, bevæges stemplet 7 udad mod virkningen af fjederen, indtil det øgede vandvolumen er optaget. Når temperaturen igen er blevet normal, har stemplet bevæget sig tilbage til udgangsstillingen.If the pressure in the DHW increases due to heating and the resulting heat expansion of the water, the piston 7 moves outwardly against the action of the spring until the increased volume of water is absorbed. When the temperature has returned to normal, the piston has moved back to its initial position.
Under dette forløb er al vandet forblevet på brugsvandsvekslersiden af kontraventilen. Der er således ingen mulighed for, at vand fra brugsvandsveksleren kan komme i forbindelse med rent vand i vandforsyningsnettet.During this process, all the water remained on the DHW side of the check valve. Thus, there is no possibility that water from the DHW can connect to clean water in the water supply network.
De brugsvandsvekslere, man sædvanligvis bruger, er relativt små, med et vandindhold under en halv liter. De volumenforøgelser der opstår ved overophedning, er derfor også små, og man kan let tilpasse cylindervolumenet og fjederens egenskaber sådan, at den trykforøgelse, der sker ved stemplets vandring udad er meget begrænset.The usually used water exchangers are relatively small, with a water content below half a liter. Therefore, the volume increases resulting from overheating are also small, and the cylinder volume and the spring characteristics can be easily adjusted so that the pressure increase that occurs when the piston moves outwards is very limited.
Anordningen har få, enkle komponenter og er enkel at montere.The device has few, simple components and is easy to install.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
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DK200300240U DK200300240Y6 (en) | 2003-09-09 | 2003-09-09 | Pressure equalizer for district heating systems |
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DK200300240U DK200300240Y6 (en) | 2003-09-09 | 2003-09-09 | Pressure equalizer for district heating systems |
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DK200300240U3 DK200300240U3 (en) | 2003-11-14 |
DK200300240Y6 true DK200300240Y6 (en) | 2008-04-25 |
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Expiry date: 20130909 |