DK179175B1

DK179175B1 - A cylinder cover for a large two-stroke turbocharged compression-ignited internal combustion engine

Info

Publication number: DK179175B1
Application number: DKPA201670153A
Authority: DK
Inventors: Christian Adriansen; Morten Gebel
Original assignee: Man Diesel & Turbo Filial Af Man Diesel & Turbo Se Tyskland
Priority date: 2016-03-16
Filing date: 2016-03-16
Publication date: 2018-01-08
Also published as: JP2017166478A; CN107201964B; KR101889709B1; JP6298552B2; CN107201964A; KR101813947B1; KR20170107911A; KR20170107940A; DK201670153A1

Abstract

A cylinder cover (22) for a large two-stroke turbocharged compression ignited internal combustion engine. The cylinder cover comprises an annular body with an upper side (47) and a lower side (48). The annular body has a lower portion (36) defining a hollow that is open to the lower side (48) for forming an upper part of a combustion chamber (25). The annular body has a upper portion (35) defining a central passage (38) that opens to said hollow and opens to said upper side and annular body comprises an integral an integral radially outward projecting flange (30) at said lower side(48).

Description

<¹θ> DANMARK (10)

<¹²> PATENTSKRIFT

Patent- og

Varemærkestyrelsen (51) Int.CI.: F02F 1/24(2006.01) F02B 75/02 (2006.01) (21) Ansøgningsnummer: PA2016 70153 (22) Indleveringsdato: 2016-03-16 (24) Løbedag: 2016-03-16 (41) Aim. tilgængelig: 2017-09-17 (45) Patentets meddelelse bkg. den: 2018-01-08 (73) Patenthaver: MAN DIESEL & TURBO, FILIAL AF MAN DIESEL & TURBO SE, TYSKLAND, Teglholmsgade 41,

2450 København SV, Danmark (72) Opfinder: Christian Adriansen, Kirkebjerg Vænge 23, 2635 Ishøj, Danmark Morten Gebel, Lykkesholmvej 2, 4320 Lejre, Danmark (74) Fuldmægtig: NORDIC PATENT SERVICE A/S, Bredgade 30,1260 København K, Danmark (54) Benævnelse: A CYLINDER COVER FOR A LARGE TWO-STROKE TURBOCHARGED COMPRESSION-IGNITED INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE (56) Fremdragne publikationer:

EP 0676536 A1 US 4825817 A WO 2005/008053 A1 WO 02/101230 A1 JP S5985471 A (57) Sammendrag:

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A CYLINDER COVER FOR A LARGE TWQ-STROKE TURBOCHARGED

COMPRESSION-IGNITED INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

TECHNICAL FIELD

The disclosure relates to a cylinder cover for a large twostroke turbocharged compression-ignited internal combustion engine and to large two-stroke turbocharged compressionignited internal combustion engine. The disclosure also relates to an exhaust valve for a large two-stroke turbocharged compression-ignited internal combustion engine.

BACKGROUND

Large two-stroke turbocharged compression-ignited internal combustion engines of the crosshead type are typically used in propulsion systems of large ships or as prime mover in power plants. The sheer size, weight and power output renders them completely different from common combustion engines and places large two-stroke turbocharged compression-ignited internal combustion engines in a class for themselves.

The cylinders of large two-stroke turbocharged compressionignited internal combustion engines are formed by a cylinder liner provided with a single exhaust valve in the cylinder cover at the top of the cylinder liner and with a ring of piston controlled scavenge ports at the lower region of the cylinder liner.

The cylinder liner is carried by a cylinder frame that in turn is carried by the engine frame. The cylinder cover is clamped with a high force onto the cylinder liner by cylinder

02516-DK-P cover studs. The force that is applied by the cylinder cover studs needs to exceed with a margin the enormous force of the compression and combustion pressure acting on the cylinder cover. In order to withstand the forces of the pressure in the combustion chamber on the one hand and the forces of the cylinder cover studs on the other hand, the cylinder cover has to be extremely strong and robust. At the same time the cylinder cover has to be able to handle the high temperatures caused by the combustion process. Thus, high requirements are placed on the material quality of the body forming the cylinder cover. For the largest of the two-stroke compressionignited internal combustion engines forged hardened and tempered steel is used.

The cylinder cover carries the exhaust valve and the fuel valves (typically three fuel valves per cylinder for a single fuel engine and six per cylinder for a dual fuel engine) where the positioning is controlled by the limited space and the cylinder cover is provided with a central passage connecting the combustion chamber to the to the exhaust bend.

Basically, a prior art cylinder cover is a solid block of material. The high-strength requirements have led to very high wall thickness, especially in the upper portion of the cylinder cover. These large wall thicknesses generate problems with ensuring proper material quality throughout the body of the cylinder cover, especially in areas with the material of the cylinder cover is distant from the surface. Consequently, ensuring proper material quality throughout the cylinder cover is difficult, cumbersome and expensive. Moreover, material costs for cylinder covers with a very large

02516-DK-P wall thickness is significant and only forged cylinder covers can fulfill the requirements at present.

EP0676536 discloses a cylinder liner according to the preamble of claim 1.

SUMMARY

It is an object of the invention to provide a cylinder cover that reduces or at least overcomes the problems mentioned above .

The foregoing and other objects are achieved by the features of the independent claims. Further implementation forms are apparent from the dependent claims, the description and the figures .

According to a first aspect there is provided a cylinder cover for a large two-stroke turbocharged compression ignited internal combustion engine, the cylinder cover comprising:

- an annular body with an upper side and a lower side,

- the annular body having a lower portion defining a hollow that is open to the lower side for forming an upper part of a combustion chamber,

- the annular body having an upper portion defining a central passage that opens to the hollow and opens to the upper side,

- the annular body comprising an integral radially outward projecting flange at the lower side, and the radially outward projecting flange has an upwardly directed contact surface for supporting an annular retainer.

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By providing a cylinder cover with an radially outward projecting flange at its lower side it becomes possible to clamp the cylinder cover onto the cylinder liner using an annular retainer. This in turn allows a much thinner, more slender construction of the cylinder cover with a more evenly distributed wall thickness. Thereby, material costs are reduced and production costs are reduced since the even distributional the wall thickness and the less thick walls make it much easier to ensure proper material quality throughout the cylinder cover. Further, the lighter and more slender cylinder cover allows for easier and less expensive overhaul of the cylinder cover. Moreover, the thinner wall of the cylinder cover renders it much easier to position the fuel valves .

According to a first possible implementation of the first aspect the cylinder cover is provided on its lower side with a lower annular contact surface for engaging a upper annular surface of a cylinder liner.

According to a second possible implementation of the first aspect the radially outward projecting flange has a downwardly directed surface that is flush with the lower annular contact surface .

According to a third possible implementation of the first aspect the central passage is provided on an inwardly directed annular ledge with an upwardly facing support surface for supporting a downwardly facing annular contact surface of the exhaust valve.

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According to a fourth possible implementation of the first aspect the annular body of the cylinder cover is formed by a single piece of material.

According to a fifth possible implementation of the first aspect the annular body has a substantially evenly distributed radial wall thickness.

According to a sixth possible implementation of the first aspect the cylinder cover further comprises a separate annular retainer sized and shaped to fit around the lower portion with a portion of a bottom surface of the annular retainer engaging the upwardly directed contact surface.

According to an seventh possible implementation of the first aspect the outer diameter of the upper portion is equal or less than the outer diameter of the lower portion.

According to an eighth possible implementation of the first aspect the largest diameter of the lower portion is formed by the radially outwardly projecting flange.

According to a ninth possible implementation of the first aspect the annular recess is disposed between the lower portion and the annular retainer.

According to a second aspect there is provided a large twostroke turbocharged compression-ignited internal combustion engine with crossheads, the engine comprising:

02516-DK-P a cylinder cover on a cylinder liner, the cylinder liner being carried by a cylinder frame, an annular retainer engaging the cylinder cover, a plurality of cylinder cover studs connecting the annular retainer to the cylinder frame for clamping the cylinder cover on the cylinder liner.

By providing an engine with a cylinder cover that is retained by annular retainer the cylinder cover can be constructed with significantly less material and with a lower maximum wall thickness which greatly facilitates obtaining the required material quality throughout the cylinder cover. Maintenance and overhaul is also greatly facilitated.

According to a first implementation of the second aspect the cylinder cover studs clamp the annular retainer on the cylinder cover.

According to a second possible implementation of the second aspect the annular retainer is placed over a portion of the body of the cylinder cover with the annular retainer engaging an outwardly projecting flange of the cylinder cover.

According to a third possible implementation of the second aspect the annular retainer is provided with a plurality of through going holes through which the cylinder cover studs proj ect.

According to a fourth possible implementation of the second aspect the cylinder cover studs are provided with nuts that engage an upper engagement surface of the annular retainer.

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According to a fifth possible implementation of the second aspect the one end of the cylinder cover studs is anchored in the cylinder frame.

These and other aspects of the invention will be apparent from and the embodiment (s) described below.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In the following detailed portion of the present disclosure, the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the example embodiments shown in the drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is an elevated front view of a large two-stroke diesel engine according to an example embodiment,

Fig. 2 is an elevated side view of the large two-stroke engine of Fig. 1,

Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic representation the large two-stroke engine according to Fig. 1,

Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the cylinder frame and a cylinder liner with a cylinder cover according to an example embodiment with an exhaust valve fitted thereto,

Fig. 5 is a different angle sectional view of the cylinder frame and a cylinder liner with a cylinder cover according to an example embodiment with an exhaust valve fitted thereto, Fig. 6 is a detailed side view on the upper portion of a cylinder liner with the cylinder cover, annular retainer and the exhaust valve,

Fig. 7 is a side view of a cylinder cover according to an example embodiment,

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Fig. 8 is a sectional view of the cylinder cover of Fig. 7 with fuel valves and an annular retainer installed,

Fig. 9 is a sectional view of the cylinder cover of Fig. 7 without the fuel valves and with an annular retainer installed,

Fig .	10	is	an	elevated	view	of	the	cylinder cover of Fig. 7
Fig .	11	is	an	elevated	view	of	the	annular retainer of Fig.
8 and 9,
Fig .	12	is	an	elevated	view	of	the	cylinder cover of Fig. 8

with the annular retainer installed, and

Fig. 13 is a top view of the cylinder cover of Fig. 8 with the annular retainer installed.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In the following detailed description, an internal combustion engine will be described with reference to a large two-stroke low-speed turbocharged compression-ignited internal combustion engine with crossheads in the example embodiments. Figs. 1, 2 and 3 show a large low-speed turbocharged twostroke diesel engine with a crankshaft 8 and crossheads 9. Fig. 3 shows a diagrammatic representation of a large lowspeed turbocharged two-stroke diesel engine with its intake and exhaust systems. In this example embodiment the engine has six cylinders in line. Large low-speed turbocharged twostroke diesel engines have typically between four and fourteen cylinders in line, carried by a cylinder frame 23 that is carried by an engine frame 11. The engine may e.g. be used as the main engine in a marine vessel or as a stationary engine for operating a generator in a power station. The total output of the engine may, for example, range from 1,000 to 110,000 kW.

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The engine is in this example embodiment a compression-ignited engine of the two-stroke uniflow type with scavenge ports 18 at the lower region of the cylinder liners 1 and a central exhaust valve 4 at the top of the cylinder liners 1. The scavenge air is passed from the scavenge air receiver 2 to the scavenge ports 18 of the individual cylinders 1. A piston 10 in the cylinder liner 1 compresses the scavenge air, fuel is injected from fuel injection valves in the cylinder cover 22, combustion follows and exhaust gas is generated.

When an exhaust valve 4 is opened, the exhaust gas flows through an exhaust duct associated with the cylinder 1 into the exhaust gas receiver 3 and onwards through a first exhaust conduit 19 to a turbine 6 of the turbocharger 5, from which the exhaust gas flows away through a second exhaust conduit via an economizer 20 to an outlet 21 and into the atmosphere. Through a shaft, the turbine 6 drives a compressor 7 supplied with fresh air via an air inlet 12. The compressor 7 delivers pressurized scavenge air to a scavenge air conduit 13 leading to the scavenge air receiver 2. The scavenge air in conduit 13 passes an intercooler 14 for cooling the scavenge air.

The cooled scavenge air passes via an auxiliary blower 16 driven by an electric motor 17 that pressurizes the scavenge air flow when the compressor 7 of the turbocharger 5 does not deliver sufficient pressure for the scavenge air receiver 2,

i.e. in low- or partial load conditions of the engine. At higher engine loads the turbocharger compressor 7 delivers sufficient compressed scavenge air and then the auxiliary blower 16 is bypassed via a non-return valve 15.

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Figs. 4, 5 and 6 show a cylinder liner generally designated 1 for a large two-stroke crosshead engine with a cylinder cover 22 installed thereon and with an exhaust valve 4 installed on the cylinder cover 22. Depending on the engine size, the cylinder liner 1 may be manufactured in different sizes with cylinder bores typically ranging from 250 mm to 1100 mm, and corresponding typical lengths ranging from 1000 mm to 4500 mm. The cylinder liner 1 is normally manufactured in cast iron. Large two-stroke crosshead engines are developed towards very high effective compression ratios, such as 1:16 to 1:20, which entail heavy loads on the elements that need to withstand the pressure in the combustion chamber 25, such as e.g. the cylinder liner 1, the piston 10 and the cylinder cover 22.

In Fig. 4 the cylinder liner 1 is shown mounted in the cylinder frame 23 with the cylinder cover 22 placed on the top of the cylinder liner 1 with a gas tight interface there between. An annular retainer 30 is fitted over the cylinder cover 22 with an outwardly projecting flange 31 of the cylinder cover 22 clamped between the annular retainer 30 and the top of the cylinder liner 1.

A sharp transition in the thickness of the cylinder liner 1 around the middle of the axial extent of the cylinder liner 1 serves as a shoulder that allows the cylinder liner 1 to rest on the cylinder frame 23. The annular retainer 30 is pressed onto the cylinder cover 22 with great force applied by cylinder cover studs 24 onto the upper surface of the annular retainer 30, and the cylinder cover 22 is pressed

02516-DK-P with great force applied by the annular retainer 30 onto the cylinder liner 1.

Fuel valves 27 are installed in the cylinder cover 22 with the nozzle at the front end of the fuel valve 27 projecting into the combustion chamber 25.

The exhaust valve arrangement comprise the exhaust valve 4 with its valve stem and the valve disk which is shown resting on the valve seat 51.

The exhaust valve arrangement comprises a housing 28 that includes the exhaust bend 50. The exhaust bend 50 opens at one end to the bottom side of the exhaust valve where the valve seat 51 is provided and its other and to a lateral side of the exhaust valve housing 28. The opening of the exhaust bend 50 at the lateral side of the valve housing 28 connects to an exhaust duct that leads to the exhaust gas receiver 3.

The exhaust valve housing is provided with a bore that guides the exhaust valve spindle. A hydraulic exhaust valve actuator 52 is installed on the upper side of the exhaust valve housing 28 and acts on the free end of the exhaust valve spindle for opening the exhaust valve. The exhaust valve actuator 52 also includes an pneumatic spring 53 for urging the exhaust valve to return to its closed position.

The exhaust valve housing 20 is provided with an outwardly projecting exhaust valve housing flange 29 that is provided with a plurality of through going bores through which exhaust valve studs 32 project. The exhaust valve studs 32 are

02516-DK-P anchored in the top of the cylinder cover 22. Nuts 33 engage the upper end of the exhaust valve studs 32 and act on the exhaust valve housing flange 29 for bolting the exhaust valve housing 28 onto the cylinder cover 22.

The exhaust valve housing flange 29 is arranged below the lateral opening of the exhaust bend 50. The exhaust valve housing 28 is supported by the ring shaped member that forms the valve seat 51 which in turn is supported by an inwardly projecting ledge 42 of the cylinder cover 22 (Fig. 8) for supporting the exhaust valve.

The exhaust valve housing flange 29 is arranged below the opening of the exhaust bend 50 at the lateral side of the valve housing 28. In prior art exhaust valves, the nuts of the exhaust valve studs engaged the surface at the top of the exhaust valve housing, i.e. a surface above the lateral opening of the exhaust bend 50. These prior art exhaust valves have the disadvantage that the exhaust bend is in the way for the exhaust studs, which means that typically only four relatively massive exhaust studs have been deployed. By arranging the surface that the nuts 33 of the exhaust studs engage below the lateral opening of the exhaust bend 50, the length of the exhaust studs can be significantly reduced and a large number of smaller studs can be used which allows for a possible cost reduction. This also allows optimized positioning of various valves.

Piping 54 serves to supply and remove liquid coolant, e.g. water to a cooling and arrangement at the upper portion of the cylinder liner 1, e.g. to the circumferential cooling

02516-DK-P recess 39 that in an embodiment is arranged between the cylinder cover 22 and the annular retainer 30.

With reference to Figs. 7 to 13 the cylinder 22 and the annular retainer 30 will be described in greater detail. In Fig. 8 the cylinder cover 22 is shown with fuel valves 27 installed and in Fig. 9 without the fuel valves 27 installed.

The cylinder cover 22 has an annular body with an upper side 47 and a lower side 48. The lower side 48 is provided with a lower annular contact surface 44 for engaging a upper annular surface of a cylinder liner 1. The upper side 47 can in an embodiment be formed an annular surface 45 that is provided with a plurality of threaded bores 41 in which the exhaust valve studs 32 are anchored. The annular body has a lower portion 36 defining a hollow 49 that is open to the lower side 48 for forming an upper part of the combustion chamber

25. The annular body of the cylinder cover 22 has an upper portion 35 defining a central passage 38 that opens to the hollow 49 and opens to the upper side 47 of the cylinder cover 22 so that the passage 38 allows exhaust gas to flow from the hollow 49 to the exhaust bend 50 when the exhaust valve 4 is open. In an embodiment the lower portion 36 is directly connected to the upper portion 35, or as shown there is provided a preferably tapering transition portion 55.

The annular body is provided with an integral radially outward projecting flange 31 at the lower side 48 of the cylinder cover 22. The radially outward projecting flange 31 has an upwardly directed contact surface 43 for supporting the annular retainer 30. The radially outward projecting flange

02516-DK-P has a downwardly directed surface that is preferably flush with the lower annular contact surface 44.

The central passage 38 is provided on an inwardly directed annular ledge with an upwardly facing support surface 42 for supporting a downwardly facing annular contact surface of the exhaust valve.

In an embodiment the annular body of the cylinder cover 22 is formed by a single piece of material, i.e. the body of the cylinder cover 22 is formed as one integral element.

The construction of the annular body is such that it has a substantially evenly distributed wall thickness. In the shown embodiments the transition between the lower portion 36 and the upper portion 35 is in the form of a tapered section 55 in order to maintain a substantially constant wall thickness for the annual member. However, the transition between the lower portion 36 and the upper portion 35 does not need to be tapered, it can e.g. be a right angled transition.

The annular body is provided with protrusions 56 that are provided to this place for bores 34 in which the fuel valves 27 are received. In the shown embodiments there are 3 fuel valves per cylinder, but depending on engine design and on the number of fuels that the engine is supposed to operate with there can be between two and six fuel valves per cylinder .

The annular retainer 30 is an element separate from the cylinder cover 22 and the annular retainer 30 is sized and

02516-DK-P shaped to fit around the lower portion 36 with a radially inner portion of a bottom surface of the annular retainer 30 engaging the upwardly directed contact surface 43 of the radially outward projecting flange 31.

The annular retainer 30 is provided with a central opening with a diameter that is equal or slightly larger than the outer diameter of the lower portion 36 of the cylinder cover

22. The (outer) diameter of the outward projecting flange 31 is larger than the diameter of the central opening of the annular retainer 30.

However, the (outer) diameter of the outward projecting flange 31 is smaller than the outer diameter of the annular retainer 30, so that the cylinder cover studs 24 can pass the outward projecting flange 31 but still be received in the through going bores 46 in the annular retainer 30. The through going bores 46 are placed such that the cylinder cover studs 24 are arranged closely around the perimeter of the radially outwardly projecting flange 31.

The outer diameter of the upper portion 35 is equal or less than the outer diameter of the lower portion 36, so that the annular retainer 30 can be placed over the main body of the cylinder cover 22 and on the upwardly directed contact surface 43 of the outward projecting flange 31. Thus, the largest outer diameter of the cylinder cover 22 is formed by the radially outwardly projecting flange 31. This construction also allows the annular retainer 30 to be removed by simply lifting it up and away from the cylinder cover 22, thereby facilitating maintenance.

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In an embodiment, an annular cooling recess 39 is formed in the lower portion 36 and closed off by the annular retainer

30. The annular cooling recess provides for a circumferentially substantially even cooling distribution. The annular retainer 30 is provided with an upright rim 40 to form a strong back that surrounds the lower portion 36 of the cylinder cover 22 in a way that seals annular recess 39. A rounded transition between the annular cooling recess 39 and the radially outwardly projecting flange 31 reduces tension in the transition.

The annular cooling recess 39 connects to a plurality of substantially radially directed cooling channels 37 in the intermediate section of the cylinder cover 22 and the cooling channels 37 connect to cooling channels in the exhaust valve for cooling the latter.

The body of the cylinder cover 22 is in embodiment made from cast iron or cast steel. The body of the cylinder cover 22 is in another embodiment made from a high-strength, heat resistant steel, e.g. forged steel.

In an embodiment the annular retainer 30 is made of relatively inexpensive material such as e.g. cast-iron or low alloy steel that allows annular retainer 30 to be manufactured by casting.

The invention has been described in conjunction with various embodiments herein. However, other variations to the disclosed embodiments can be understood and effected by those skilled in the art in practicing the claimed invention, from

02516-DK-P a study of the drawings, the disclosure, and the appended claims. In the claims, the word comprising does not exclude other elements or steps, and the indefinite article a or an does not exclude a plurality. The mere fact that certain measures are recited in mutually different dependent claims does not indicate that a combination of these measured cannot be used to advantage. The reference signs used in the claims shall not be construed as limiting the scope.

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Claims

PATENTKRAVpatent claims

1. Cylinderdæksel (22) til en stor totakts-, turboladet, kompressionstændt, intern forbrændingsmotor, hvilket cylinderdæksel omfatter:A cylinder cover (22) for a large two-stroke, turbocharged, compression-ignition internal combustion engine, the cylinder cover comprising:

- et ringformet legeme med en øvre side (47) og en nedre side (48),an annular body having an upper side (47) and a lower side (48),

- hvor det ringformede legeme har en nedre del (36) , der definerer en hulning (49), der er åben til den nedre side (48) for dannelse af en øvre del af et forbrændingskammer (25) ,- wherein the annular body has a lower portion (36) defining an aperture (49) open to the lower side (48) to form an upper portion of a combustion chamber (25),

- hvor det ringformede legeme har en øvre del (35) , der definerer en central passage (38), der åbner mod hulningen (49) og åbner mod den øvre side (47), kendetegnet ved- wherein the annular body has an upper portion (35) defining a central passage (38) which opens toward the hole (49) and opens to the upper side (47), characterized by

- at det ringformede legeme omfatter en integreret flange (31), der rager radialt udefter, ved den nedre side (48), ogthe annular body comprises an integral flange (31) extending radially outwardly, at the lower side (48), and

- ved at flangen (31), der rager radialt udefter, har en opadrettet kontaktflade (43) til at støtte en ringformet holder (30).- in that the flange (31) projecting radially outwardly has an upward contact surface (43) to support an annular holder (30).

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2. Cylinderdæksel (22) ifølge krav 1, hvor cylinderdækslet (22) er tilvejebragt på dets nedre side (48) med en nedre ringformet kontaktoverflade (44) til at gå i indgreb med en øvre ringformet overflade af en cylinderforing (1).The cylinder cover (22) according to claim 1, wherein the cylinder cover (22) is provided on its lower side (48) with a lower annular contact surface (44) for engaging an upper annular surface of a cylinder liner (1).

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3. Cylinderdæksel (22) ifølge krav 1 eller 2, hvor flangen (31), der rager radialt udefter, har en nedadrettet overflade, der flugter med den nedre ringformede kontaktoverflade (44).Cylinder cover (22) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the flange (31) extending radially outwardly has a downwardly directed surface which aligns with the lower annular contact surface (44).

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4. Cylinderdæksel (22) ifølge et hvilket som helst af kravene 1 til 3, hvor det ringformede legeme er dannet af et enkelt materialeemne.Cylinder cover (22) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the annular body is formed of a single material blank.

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5. Cylinderdæksel (22) ifølge et hvilket som helst af kravene 1 til 4, hvor det ringformede legeme har en i alt væsentlig ensartet fordelt vægtykkelse.Cylinder cover (22) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the annular body has a substantially uniformly distributed wall thickness.

6. Cylinderdæksel (22) ifølge et hvilket som helst af kravene 1 til 5, hvilket dæksel endvidere omfatter en separat ringformet holder (30), der er dimensioneret og formet til at passe omkring den nedre del (36) med en del af en bundoverflade af den ringformede beholder (30) i indgreb med den opadrettede kontaktoverflade (43).Cylinder cover (22) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a separate annular holder (30) dimensioned and shaped to fit around the lower portion (36) with a portion of a bottom surface. of the annular container (30) engaging the upward contact surface (43).

7. Cylinderdæksel (22) ifølge et hvilket som helst af kravene 1 til 6, hvor den ydre diameter af den øvre del (35) er lig med eller mindre end den ydre diameter af den nedre del (36) .Cylinder cover (22) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the outer diameter of the upper portion (35) is equal to or smaller than the outer diameter of the lower portion (36).

8. Cylinderdæksel (22) ifølge krav 7, hvor den største diameter af den nedre del (36) er dannet af flangen (31), der rager radialt udefter.The cylinder cover (22) of claim 7, wherein the largest diameter of the lower portion (36) is formed by the flange (31) extending radially outward.

9. Cylinderforing (22) ifølge et hvilket som helst af kravene 6 til 8, hvor en ringformet indskæring er placeret mellem den nedre del (36) og den ringformede holder (30).A cylinder liner (22) according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein an annular cut-off is located between the lower part (36) and the annular holder (30).

10. Stor totakts-, turboladet, kompressionstændt, intern forbrændingsmotor med krydshoveder, hvilken motor omfatter:A large two-stroke, turbocharged, compression-ignition, internal combustion engine with cross heads, comprising:

cylinderdæksel (22) på en cylinderforing (1), hvilken cylinderforing (1) er båret af en cylinderamme (23),cylinder cover (22) on a cylinder liner (1), which cylinder liner (1) is supported by a cylinder frame (23),

02516-DK-P en ringformet holder (30), der er i indgreb med cylinderdækslet (22), en flerhed af cylinderdækseltapskruer (24), der forbinder den ringformede holder (30) med cylinderrammen (23) til fastspænding af cylinderdækslet (22) på cylinderforingen (1) .02516-DK-P an annular holder (30) in engagement with the cylinder cover (22), a plurality of cylinder cap tapping screws (24) connecting the annular holder (30) to the cylinder frame (23) for clamping the cylinder cover (22) on the cylinder liner (1).

11. Motor ifølge krav 10, hvor den ringformede holder (30) er placeret omkring en del af legemet af cylinderdækslet (22) med den ringformede holder (30) i indgreb med en flange (31), der rager udefter, af cylinderdækslet (22).The engine of claim 10, wherein the annular holder (30) is disposed around a portion of the body of the cylinder cover (22) with the annular holder (30) engaging a flange (31) protruding outwardly of the cylinder cover (22). ).

12. Motor ifølge krav 10 eller 11, hvor den ringformede holder (30) er forsynet med en flerhed af gennemgående huller (46), hvorigennem cylinderdækseltapskruerne (24) rager frem.An engine according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the annular holder (30) is provided with a plurality of through-holes (46) through which the cylinder cap tapping screws (24) project.

13. Motor ifølge krav 12, hvor cylinderdækseltapskruerne (24) er forsynet med møtrikker (26), der går i indgreb med en øvre indgrebsoverflade (49) af den ringformede holder (30) .The engine of claim 12, wherein the cylinder cap tapping screws (24) are provided with nuts (26) which engage an upper engagement surface (49) of the annular holder (30).

14. Motor ifølge et hvilket som helst af kravene 10 til 14, hvor én ende af cylinderdækseltapskruer (24) er forankret i cylinderrammen (23) .An engine according to any one of claims 10 to 14, wherein one end of cylinder cap tapping screws (24) is anchored in the cylinder frame (23).

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SEARCH REPORT - PATENT SEARCH REPORT - PATENT Application No. PA 2016 70153 Application No. PA 2016 70153 1. 1 1 Certain claims were found unsearchable (See Box No. I). 1. 1 1 Certain claims were found unsearchable (See Box No. I). 2. 1X1 Unity of invention is lacking prior to search (See Box No. II). 2. 1X1 Unity of invention is lacking prior to search (See Box No. II). A. CLASSIFICATION OF SUBJECT MATTER F02F 1/24 (2006.01); F02B 75/02 (2006.01) A. CLASSIFICATION OF SUBJECT MATTER F02F 1/24 (2006.01); F02B 75/02 (2006.01) According to International Patent Classification (IPC) or to both national classification and IPC According to International Patent Classification (IPC) or to both national classification and IPC B. FIELDS SEARCHED B. FIELDS SEARCHED Minimum documentation searched (classification system followed by classification symbols) Minimum documentation searched (classification system followed by classification symbols) IPC&CPC: F02F, F02B IPC & CPC: F02F, F02B Documentation searched other than minimum documentation to the extent that such documents are included in the fields searched Documentation searched other than minimum documentation to the extent that such documents are searched in the fields DK, NO, SE, FI: IPC-classes as above. DK, NO, SE, FI: IPC classes as above. Electronic database consulted during the search (name of database and, where practicable, search terms used) Electronic database consulted during the search (name of database and, where practicable, search terms used) EPODOC, WPI, FULLTEXT:ENGLISH EPODOC, WPI, FULLTEXT: ENGLISH C. DOCUMENTS CONSIDERED TO BE RELEVANT C. DOCUMENTS CONSIDERED TO BE RELEVANT Category* Category * Citation of document, with indication, where appropriate, of the relevant passages Citation of document, with indication, where appropriate, of the relevant passages Relevant for claim No. Relevant to claim no. X X EP 0676536 A1 (MITSUBISHI HEAVY IND. LTD) 1995-10-11. EP 0676536 A1 (MITSUBISHI HEAVY IND. LTD) 1995-10-11. 1-2, 4-6, 8-9 1-2, 4-6, 8-9 A A See col. 1,11. 1-13; col. 3,11. 35 - 51; and figs. 1, See col. 1.11. 1-13; col. 3.11. 35 - 51; and figs. 1 3-4. 3-4. 3,7, 10-15 3.7, 10-15 A A US 4825817 A (ROMANOWSKI) 1989-05-02. US 4825817 A (ROMANOWSKI) 1989-05-02. 1-15 1-15 See abstract; col. 3,1. 45 - col. 4,1. 68; and figs. 1-5. See abstract; col. 3.1. 45 - col. 4.1. 68; and figs. 1-5. A A WO 2005/008053 A1 (MAN B & W DIESEL AS) 2005-01-27. WO 2005/008053 A1 (MAN B&W DIESEL AS) 2005-01-27. 1-15 1-15 See whole document. See whole document. 1X1 Further documents are listed in the continuation of Box C. 1X1 Further documents are listed in the continuation of Box C. * Special categories of cited documents: * Special categories of cited documents: P Document published prior to the filing date but later than the P Document published prior to the filing date but later than the A Document defining the general state of the art which is not A Document defining the general state of the art which is not priority date claimed. priority date claimed. considered to be of particular relevance. considered to be of particular relevance. T Document not in conflict with the application but cited to T Document not in conflict with the application but cited to D Document cited in the application. E Earlier application or patent but published on or after the filing date. D Document cited in the application. An Earlier application or patent but published on or after the filing date. understand the principle or theory underlying the invention. X Document of particular relevance; the claimed invention cannot be considered novel or cannot be considered to involve an inventive step when the document is taken alone. Y Document of particular relevance; the claimed invention cannot be considered to involve an inventive step when the document is combined with one or more other such documents, such understand the principle or theory underlying the invention. X Document of particular relevance; the claimed invention cannot be considered novel or cannot be considered to involve an inventive step when the document is taken alone. Y Document of particular relevance; the claimed invention cannot be considered to involve an inventive step when the document is combined with one or more other such documents, such L Document which may throw doubt on priority claim(s) or which is cited to establish the publication date of another citation or other special reason (as specified). O Document referring to an oral disclosure, use, exhibition or other L Document which may throw doubt on priority claim (s) or which is cited to establish the publication date of another citation or other special reason (as specified). O Document referring to an oral disclosure, use, exhibition or other means. betyder. combination being obvious to a person skilled in the art. combination being obvious to a person skilled in the art. Document member of the same patent family. Document member of the same patent family. Danish Patent and Trademark Office Danish Patent and Trademark Office Date of completion of the search report Date of completion of the search report Helgeshøj Allé 81 DK-2630 Taastrun Helgeshøj Allé 81 DK-2630 Taastrun 13 September 2016 September 13, 2016 Denmark Denmark Authorized officer Authorized officer Telephone No. +45 4350 8000 Facsimile No. +45 4350 8001 Telephone No. +45 4350 8000 Facsimile No. +45 4350 8001 Carsten Købler Telephone No. +45 4350 8532 Carsten Köbler Telephone No. +45 4350 8532

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SEARCH REPORT - PATENT SEARCH REPORT - PATENT Application No. PA 2016 70153 Application No. PA 2016 70153 C (Continuation). DOCUMENTS CONSIDERED TO BE RELEVANT C (Continuation). DOCUMENTS CONSIDERED TO BE RELEVANT Category* Category * Citation of document, with indication, where appropriate, of the relevant passages Citation of document, with indication, where appropriate, of the relevant passages Relevant for claim No. Relevant to claim no. A A WO 02/101230 A1 (MAN B & W DIESEL AS) 2002-12-19. See whole document. WO 02/101230 A1 (MAN B&W DIESEL AS) 2002-12-19. See whole document. 1-15 1-15 A A JPS5985471 A (MITSUBISHI HEAVY IND LTD) 1984-05-17. See figs. 1-2, and abstract. JPS5985471 A (MITSUBISHI HEAVY IND LTD) 1984-05-17. See figs. 1-2, and abstract. 1-15 1-15

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SEARCH REPORT - PATENT SEARCH REPORT - PATENT Application No. PA 2016 70153 Application No. PA 2016 70153 Box No. I Observations where certain claims were found unsearchable Box No. In Observations where certain claims were found unsearchable This search report has not been established in respect of certain claims for the following reasons: 1. 1 1 Claims Nos.: because they relate io subject matter not required to be searched, namely: 2. 1 1 Claims Nos.: because they relate to parts of the patent application that do not comply with the prescribed requirements to such an extent that no meaningful search can be carried out, specifically: 3. 1 1 Claims Nos.: because of other matters. This search report has not been established in respect of certain claims for the following reasons: 1. 1 1 Claims Note: because they relate to subject matter not required to be searched, namely: 2. 1 1 Claims Nos .: because they relate to parts of the patent application that do not comply with the prescribed requirements to such an extent that no meaningful search can be performed, specifically: 3. 1 1 Claims Note: because of other matters. Box No, II Observations where unity of invention is lacking prior to the search Box No, II Observations where unity of invention is lacking prior to the search The Danish Patent and Trademark Office found multiple inventions in this patent application, as follows: Invention A (Claims 1-10) A cylinder cover comprising an annular body, wherein the annular body: defines a hollow; defines a central passage; and comprises an integral radially outward projecting flange. Invention B (Claims 11-15) A large two-stroke turbochaged engine, comprising: a cylinder cover; an annular retainer; and a plurality of cylinder cover studs. Invention C (Claims 16-17) An exhaust valve with a housing, said housing comprising: an exhaust bend; a bore for guiding the spindle of the exhaust valve; and an integral outwardly projecting flange provided with a plurality of through going bores. We have only considered Invention A (claims 1-10) and Invention B (claims 11 -15). Wherein the cylinder cover of Invention B is interpreted as being the. cylinder cover according to claim 1 The Danish Patent and Trademark Office found multiple inventions in this patent application, as follows: Invention A (Claims 1-10) A cylinder cover comprising an annular body, while the annular body: defines a hollow; define a central passage; spirit comprises an integral radially outward projecting flange. Invention B (Claims 11-15) A large two-stroke turbochaged engine, comprising: a cylinder cover; and annular retainer; and a plurality of cylinder cover studs. Invention C (Claims 16-17) An exhaust valve with a housing, said housing comprising: an exhaust bend; a drill for guiding the spindle of the exhaust valve; spirit an integral outwardly projecting flange provided with a plurality of through bores. We have only considered Invention A (claims 1-10) and Invention B (claims 11-15). Wherein the cylinder cover of Invention B is interpreted as being the. cylinder cover according to claim 1 SEARCH REPORT - PATENT SEARCH REPORT - PATENT Application No. PA 2016 70153 Application No. PA 2016 70153 SUPPLEMENTAL BOX SUPPLEMENTAL BOX

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