DK177028B1 - Method and apparatus for use in repairing mill blades - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for use in repairing mill blades Download PDF

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DK177028B1
DK177028B1 DKPA200201776A DKPA200201776A DK177028B1 DK 177028 B1 DK177028 B1 DK 177028B1 DK PA200201776 A DKPA200201776 A DK PA200201776A DK PA200201776 A DKPA200201776 A DK PA200201776A DK 177028 B1 DK177028 B1 DK 177028B1
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profile
blade
wind turbine
edge
area
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DKPA200201776A
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Danish (da)
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Henrik Stiesdal
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Siemens Wind Power As
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

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Abstract

Fremgangsmåde til brug ved forebyggelse eller reparation af revner i en møllevinge på en vindmølle, hvor et område på møllevingen identificeres til forebyggelse eller repa ration og at der uden afmontering af møllevingen fra vindmøllen foretages en afdæk ning af området ved limning af et profil på området. Profilet er udvalgt blandt profiler, der ved montering på møllevingen medfører en forbedring af vindmøllevingens aero dynamiske egenskaber.A method for use in preventing or repairing cracks in a mill blade on a wind turbine, where an area of the mill blade is identified for prevention or repair and that without removing the mill blade from the wind turbine, the area is covered by gluing a profile in the area. The profile is selected from profiles which, when mounted on the wind turbine blade, result in an improvement of the aero dynamic characteristics of the wind turbine blade.

Description

DK 177028 B1DK 177028 B1

Den foreliggende opfindelse angår en fremgangsmåde og anordning til reparation af møllevinger samt et reparationssæt til en vindmøllevinge,The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for repairing turbine blades and a repair kit for a turbine blade,

Det er et kendt problem, at vindmøllevinger efter længere varig brug risikerer at være 5 udsat for materialetræthed, der kan vise sig som revner i vingen, hvor revneme typisk starter ved vingens bageste kant. Det er af stor betydning, at disse revner repareres på et tidligt tidspunkt, så de ikke udvikler sig til skader, der kan være dyre at reparere eller endog være fatale for møllens funktion.It is a known problem that after prolonged use, wind turbine blades may be exposed to material fatigue, which may appear as cracks in the blade, with the cracks typically starting at the rear edge of the blade. It is important that these cracks be repaired at an early stage so that they do not develop into damage that can be expensive to repair or even fatal to the operation of the mill.

10 Typisk må en møllevinge, der skal repareres, tages af møllenavet og transporteres til en hal for at blive repareret inden døre. Derved kan man overholde de retningslinier, som er påkrævet reparationsforanstaltningeme, for eksempel påføring af et nyt lag glasfiber, hvortil der kræves specielle temperatur og fugtforhold. Der skal desuden sikres, at de aerodynamiske egenskaber ikke forringes ved reparationen.10 Typically, a turbine blade to be repaired must be taken off the mill hub and transported to a hall to be repaired inside doors. In doing so, one can adhere to the guidelines required for the repair measures, for example the application of a new layer of fiberglass for which special temperature and humidity conditions are required. In addition, care must be taken that the aerodynamic properties are not impaired during repair.

1515

En sådan reparation er dyr og relativ langvarig, idet møllevingen skal transporteres med specialtransport mellem vindmølle og reparationsstedet. Reparationen bliver des mere vanskelig og langvarig, jo større vingen er. I reparationsperioden er den derved mistede indtægt fra manglende energiproduktion ganske betragteligt, hvorfor der øn-20 skes en metode til reparation af vindmøller, der for ejeren ikke medfører så stor et tab af indtægter. 1 mange tilfælde vil en reparation af vingen kunne undgås, hvis der efter nogle års drift af møllen ville blive foretaget en forebyggende foranstaltning af revnedannelse i 25 vindmøllen. På grund af de udgifter og manglende indtægter ved afmontering af vingen er det imidlertid ikke attraktivt for mølleejeren at få foretaget en sådan forebyggende foranstaltning. For at reducere havarifare vil det dog være en fordel, hvis en forebyggende foranstaltning og en reparation af revner på et tidligt tidspunkt kunne gøres attraktiv for mølleejeren.Such repair is expensive and relatively long-lasting, since the mill blade must be transported by special transport between the wind turbine and the repair site. The repair becomes all the more difficult and long lasting, the bigger the blade. During the repair period, the lost revenue from lack of energy production is quite considerable, which is why a method for repairing wind turbines is desired, which for the owner does not result in such a large loss of revenue. In many cases, repair of the blade could be avoided if, after a few years of operation of the mill, a preventive measure of cracking would be made in the 25 wind turbine. However, due to the expense and lack of revenue from the blade removal, it is not attractive to the mill owner to have such a preventive measure taken. However, in order to reduce the risk of accidents, it would be advantageous if an preventive measure and a repair of cracks could be made attractive to the mill owner at an early stage.

3030

Opfindelsen tilvejebringer derfor en metode til reparation af møllevinger, som omfatter en fremgangsmåde til brug ved forebyggelse eller reparation af revner i en mølle- 2 DK 177028 B1 vinge på en vindmølle, hvor et område på møllevingen identificeres til forebyggelse eller reparation, hvor der uden afmontering af møllevingen fra vindmøllen foretages en forstærkning af området ved pålimning af et profil på området, og hvor profilet ved montering på møllevingen medfører en forbedring af vindmøllevingens aerodynami-5 ske egenskaber.The invention therefore provides a method for repairing turbine blades which comprises a method for the use in preventing or repairing cracks in a turbine blade on a wind turbine, where an area of the turbine blade is identified for prevention or repair where without disassembly of the wind turbine blade from the wind turbine, the area is reinforced by gluing a profile to the wind turbine, and the profile when mounted on the wind turbine results in an improvement in the aerodynamic properties of the wind turbine blade.

iin

Der er vigtigt for funktionen af en møllevinge, at revnedannelse i et område på vingen eller tendenser til revnedannelse i et område identificeres på et tidligt tidspunkt. Når først revnedannelsen eller en begyndende tendens til revnedannelse er opstået, kan det 10 undertiden meget hurtigt medføre skader på vingen, der forhindrer en pålidelig funktion af vindmøllen eller endda medfører alvorlige skadesvirkninger.It is important for the function of a mill blade that crack formation in an area of the blade or tendencies of crack formation in an area be identified at an early stage. Once the cracking or an initial tendency of cracking has occurred, it can sometimes very quickly cause damage to the blade, preventing a reliable operation of the wind turbine or even causing serious damage effects.

Sådanne revnedannelser kan modvirkes og revner repareres med stor fordel ved ifølge opfindelsen at lime et profil på området, hvorved området dækkes og revnedannelse 15 og revneudvikling begrænses eller endog helt forhindres. En stor fordel for opfindelsen er det, at en sådan reparation eller forebyggelse foretages på stedet, frem for at møllevingen skal afinonteres og repareres med glasfiber under indendørs forhold, som det almindeligvis gøres. Ydermere opnås ved opfindelsen ikke kun en forbedring i form af en reduktion af risikoen for skade på grund af revnedannelse, men ved opfin-20 delsen opnås tillige en forbedring af de aerodynamiske egenskaber af møllevingen.Such cracking can be counteracted and cracked with great advantage in accordance with the invention by gluing a profile in the area whereby the area is covered and cracking 15 and cracking are restricted or even completely prevented. A great advantage of the invention is that such repair or prevention is carried out on site, rather than having to dismantle the mill blade and repair with fiberglass under indoor conditions, as is usually done. Furthermore, the invention not only provides an improvement in the form of a reduction in the risk of damage due to cracking, but also in the invention an improvement in the aerodynamic properties of the milling blade is obtained.

Derved bevirker opfindelsen en forbedring af vingen, der går ud over den oprindelige tilstand, som vingen havde som ny.In doing so, the invention improves the wing which goes beyond the original state of the wing as new.

Da det hidtil har været til stor gene for en mølleejer at skulle have repareret vingerne 25 på sin vindmølle, fordi dette medførte betydelige udgifter og indtægtstab, har der heller ikke været så stor efterspørgsel for eventuelle tiltag for forebyggelse af revnedannelse, idet reparationer udføres traditionelt ved afmonterede vinger. Med opfindelsen er det derimod for vindmølleejeren blevet attraktivt at fa foretaget en reparation eller en forebyggelse af vingen, fordi mølleejeren efter behandlingen kan se frem til en hø-30 jere indtjening, idet de aerodynamiske egenskaber af vingen er forbedret. Således kan virkningsgraden øges, hvilket fører til forstørret indtjening, og støj fra vingen kan reduceres. Opfindelsen skal derfor også ses som et middel til at tilskynde mølleejere til i 3 DK 177028 B1 reparation på et tidligt tidspunkt eller til forebyggelse mod revnedannelse. Dette betyder som yderligere bonus, at farer for havari af vindmøller ved hjælp af opfindelsen kan reduceres, idet en afvejning af fordelene ved en tidlig reparation eller forebyggelse i mange tilfælde vil medføre en beslutning af mølleejeren om ikke at udskyde en fore-5 stående reparation med fare for brud på vingen i stormvejr.As it has so far been a major inconvenience for a mill owner to have the blades 25 repaired on his wind turbine because this resulted in significant expenses and loss of revenue, there has also been no great demand for any crack prevention measures as repairs are traditionally carried out at removed wings. By the invention, on the other hand, it has become attractive to the wind turbine owner to have a repair or prevention of the blade, because after the treatment the mill owner can look forward to higher earnings as the aerodynamic properties of the blade are improved. Thus, the efficiency can be increased, leading to increased earnings and noise from the wing can be reduced. The invention should therefore also be seen as a means to encourage mill owners to repair at an early stage or to prevent cracking. This means, as an added bonus, that hazards of wind turbine failure can be reduced by the invention, as balancing the benefits of an early repair or prevention will in many cases result in a decision by the mill owner not to postpone an ongoing repair by danger of wing breakage during stormy weather.

Især for området ved bagkanten af møllevingen har man konstateret tendens for revnedannelse, hvorfor opfindelsen i en bestemt udførelsesform tilgodeser, at profilet strækker sig rundt om i det mindste en del af bagkanten af møllevingen.Particularly for the area at the rear edge of the milling blade, a tendency for cracking has been found, which is why the invention in a particular embodiment assumes that the profile extends around at least part of the back edge of the milling blade.

10 1 en konkret udførelsesform, omfatter profilet mindst én af følgende: - en Gumey flap, - et kantomsluttende takket kantprofil, - et kantomsluttende profil med en aerodynamisk del med polygonal tværsnit til afbøj- 15 ning af luftstrømmen over vingens trykside til ændring af vingens opdrift.In a specific embodiment, the profile comprises at least one of the following: - a Gumey flap, - an edge-enclosed thanks-edge profile, - an edge-enclosed profile with an aerodynamic part with polygonal cross-section for deflecting the air flow over the wing's pressure side to change the wing buoyancy .

Sådanne profiler, der medfører en forbedring af vindmøllevingens aerodynamiske egenskaber er beskrevet forskellige skrifter. Anvendelse af takkede profiler på vingers bagkant for at forbedre de aerodynamiske egenskaber af vinger er blandt andet nævnt i 20 amerikansk patent US 5 088 665 af Paul et al., hvor der er illustreret forskellige former af takkede profiler. Aerodynamiske profiler med polygonalt tværsnit til afbøjning af luftstrømmen over vingens trykside til ændring af vingens opdrift, er beskrevet i dansk brugsmodel ansøgning DK 95 00009 U3 af Stiesdal, hvor der også er nævnt Gumey flaps. Gumey flaps er generelt beskrevet i Kentfield & Clavelle, "The Flow 25 Physics of Gumey Flaps, Devices for Improving Turbine Blade Performance," (1993), pp. 24-34, Wind Engineering, vol. 17, #1, Brentwood, Essex, GB.Such profiles which lead to an improvement in the aerodynamic properties of the wind turbine blade have been described in various writings. The use of chipped profiles on the trailing edge of wings to improve the aerodynamic characteristics of blades is mentioned, among others, in 20 U.S. Patent No. 5,088,665 to Paul et al., Which illustrates various forms of chipped profiles. Aerodynamic profiles with polygonal cross sections for deflecting the air flow over the wing side to change the wing buoyancy are described in Danish utility model application DK 95 00009 U3 of Stiesdal, where also mentioned Gumey flaps. Gumey flaps are generally described in Kentfield & Clavelle, "The Flow 25 Physics of Gumey Flaps, Devices for Improving Turbine Blade Performance," (1993), pp. 24-34, Wind Engineering, vol.17, # 1, Brentwood, Essex , GB.

Med sådanne profiler kan de aerodynamiske egenskaber af vingen forbedres således, at virkningsgraden øges med flere procent, typisk 2-4 procent. Desuden kan profilerne 30 hjælpe ved støjreduktion og nedsatte vibrationer.With such profiles, the aerodynamic characteristics of the wing can be improved such that the efficiency is increased by several percent, typically 2-4 percent. In addition, the profiles 30 can assist in noise reduction and reduced vibrations.

4 DK 177028 B14 DK 177028 B1

Der findes forskellige typer lim, som kan benyttes under udendørs forhold, og som er tolerante overfor de niveauer af fugtighed og temperatur, som forekommer det meste af året. Typen af lim er ikke afgørende for opfindelsens nyhed.There are various types of adhesives that can be used in outdoor conditions and are tolerant to the levels of humidity and temperature that occur most of the year. The type of glue is not essential to the novelty of the invention.

i 5 Opfindelsen omfatter også en anordning til forebyggelse eller reparation af revner i et område på en vindmøllevinge, kendetegnet ved, at anordningen omfatter et profil, der ved limning eller tilsvarende montering på området medfører en forbedring af vindmøllevingens aerodynamiske egenskaber. Et sådant profil kan med fordel være fremstillet i en polymer, dog er metaller eller fiberindeholdende naturmaterialer ikke ude-10 lukket.The invention also includes a device for preventing or repairing cracks in an area of a wind turbine blade, characterized in that the device comprises a profile which, by gluing or corresponding mounting in the area, improves the aerodynamic properties of the wind turbine blade. Such a profile may advantageously be made of a polymer, however, metals or fiber-containing natural materials are not excluded.

Som nævnt ovenfor er profilet til en sådan anordning mindst én af typen i gruppen bestående af en Gumey flap, et kantomsluttende takket kantprofil, og kantomsluttende profil med polygonal tværsnit til afbøjning af luftstrømmen over vingens trykside til 15 ændring af vingens opdrift. Profilerne kan være i mindre segmenter eller længere stykker afhængig af det område, man vil dække. Ligeledes er det muligt at kombinere to eller flere typer profiler.As mentioned above, the profile of such a device is at least one of the type in the group consisting of a Gumey flap, an edge-enclosed thanks edge profile, and edge-enclosed profile with polygonal cross-section for deflecting the flow of air over the vane pressure side for changing the buoyancy of the vane. The profiles can be in smaller segments or longer sections depending on the area you want to cover. It is also possible to combine two or more types of profiles.

For ligeledes at give vingen en øget styrke, kan profilet være forstærket med glasfibre.In order to also give the wing an increased strength, the profile may be reinforced with glass fibers.

20 I så fald er det af fordel, hvis glasfibrenes retning overvejende er i vingens længderetning.20 In that case, it is advantageous if the direction of the glass fibers is predominantly in the longitudinal direction of the blade.

For at kunne udføre reparationen i felten under almindelige vejrforhold, tilgodeser opfindelsen ligeledes et reparationssæt til brug ved forebyggelse eller reparation af 25 revner i en møllevinge. Reparationssættet omfatter lim og et profil, hvor profilet er af typen, der efter montering på møllevingen giver en forbedring af vindmøllevingens aerodynamiske egenskaber, og hvor limen er af typen, der kan anvendes til limning af profilet på møllevingen under almindelige vejrforhold.In order to carry out the field repair under normal weather conditions, the invention also accommodates a repair kit for use in the prevention or repair of 25 cracks in a mill blade. The repair kit includes glue and a profile, the profile being of the type which, after mounting on the wind turbine blade, improves the aerodynamic properties of the wind turbine blade and the glue is of the type that can be used for gluing the profile to the wind turbine under normal weather conditions.

30 Opfindelsen vil blive forklaret i større detalje under henvisning til tegningen, hvor FIG. 1 viser en møllevinge med begyndende revnedannelse FIG. 2 viser en møllevinge set fra siden med et takket profil på bagkanten, 5 DK 177028 B1 FIG. 3 viser et tværsnit af en møllevinge med et takket bagprofil ifølge opfindelsen, FIG. 4 viser et tværsnit af bagkanten af en møllevinge med et profil, der afbøjer luftstrømmen, FIG. 5 viser yderligere muligheder for profil.The invention will be explained in greater detail with reference to the drawing, in which FIG. 1 shows a milling blade with initial cracking FIG. 2 is a side view of a wind turbine blade with a checkered profile on the rear edge, 5 DK 177028 B1 FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a milling blade with a thanks to a rear profile according to the invention; 4 is a cross-sectional view of the trailing edge of a mill blade with a profile deflecting the air flow; FIG. 5 shows additional options for profile.

5 FIG. 1 viser en vindmøllevinge 1 med begyndende revnedannelse 2 ved bagkanten 3 af møllevingen 1. Med en stiplet linie 8 er et profil indikeret, som omslutter bagkanten 3 og dækker revnerne 2.5 FIG. 1 shows a wind turbine blade 1 with starting crack formation 2 at the trailing edge 3 of the milling blade 1. A dotted line 8 indicates a profile which encloses the trailing edge 3 and covers the cracks 2.

10 FIG. 2 viser en møllevinge 1 som set fra siden med et takket profil 4 på bagkanten 3.10 FIG. 2 shows a milling blade 1 as seen from the side with a thanked profile 4 on the trailing edge 3.

Med fordel strækker sådan et profil 4 sig rundt om bagkanten 3 og dækker området 5 med revner eller fare for revnedannelse. Et tværsnit af vingen 1 med profilet 4 er vist på FIG. 3 med et forstørret udsnit nederst i figuren.Advantageously, such a profile 4 extends around the trailing edge 3 and covers the area 5 with cracks or danger of cracking. A cross section of the blade 1 with the profile 4 is shown in FIG. 3 with an enlarged section at the bottom of the figure.

15 FIG. 4 viser en anden udførelsesform, hvor bagkanten er forsynet med et kantomsluttende profil 6 med en aerodynamisk del 7, der er vist skraveret, til afbøjning af luftstrømmen over vingens trykside til ændring af vingens opdrift. Det bemærkes, at den skraverede del 7 kan være polygonal uden at skulle have lige sider, men også kan have 20 nogle eller alle af siderne krummende, hvilket er illustreret med forskellige udførelsesformer 7\ 7”på FIG. 5.FIG. 4 shows another embodiment in which the trailing edge is provided with an edge-enclosing profile 6 with an aerodynamic part 7 shown shaded, for deflecting the air flow over the pressure side of the blade to change the buoyancy of the blade. It is noted that the shaded portion 7 may be polygonal without having straight sides, but may also have some or all of the sides curved, which is illustrated by various embodiments 7 \ 7 ”of FIG. 5th

Claims (9)

1. Fremgangsmåde til brug ved forebyggelse eller reparation af revner i en møllevinge på en vindmølle, kendetegnet ved, at et område på møllevingen identificeres til forebyggelse eller reparation og at der uden afmontering af møllevingen fra vindmøllen 5 foretages en afdækning af området ved limning af et profil på området, hvor profilet er udvalgt blandt profiler, der ved montering på møllevingen medfører en forbedring af vindmøllevingens aerodynamiske egenskaber.A method of use in preventing or repairing cracks in a mill blade on a wind turbine, characterized in that an area of the mill blade is identified for prevention or repair and that without removing the mill blade from the wind turbine 5, a covering of the area is made by gluing a profile in the area where the profile is selected from profiles which, when mounted on the wind turbine blade, result in an improvement of the aerodynamic properties of the wind turbine blade. 2. Fremgangsmåde ifølge krav 1, kendetegnet ved, at området er ved bagkanten af 10 møllevingen og at profilet føres rundt om i det mindste en del af bagkanten af møllevingen.Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the area is at the trailing edge of the milling blade and the profile is passed around at least part of the trailing edge of the milling blade. 3. Fremgangsmåde ifølge krav 2, kendetegnet ved, at profilet omfatter mindst én af følgende: 15. en Gumey flap, - et kantomsluttende takket kantprofil, - et kantomsluttende profil med en aerodynamisk del med polygonal tværsnit til afbøjning af luftstrømmen over vingens trykside til ændring af vingens opdrift.Method according to claim 2, characterized in that the profile comprises at least one of the following: 15. a Gumey flap, - an edge-enclosing thanks edge profile, - an edge-enclosing profile with an aerodynamic part with polygonal cross-section for deflecting the air flow over the pressure side of the blade for change. of the buoyancy of the wings. 4. Anordning til forebyggelse eller reparation af revner i et område på en vindmølle vinge, kendetegnet ved, at anordningen omfatter et profil, der ved limning på området medfører en forbedring af vindmøllevingens aerodynamiske egenskaber.Device for preventing or repairing cracks in an area of a wind turbine blade, characterized in that the device comprises a profile which, by gluing on the area, improves the aerodynamic properties of the wind turbine blade. 5. Anordning ifølge krav 5, kendetegnet ved, at profilet er fremstillet i en polymer. 25Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the profile is made of a polymer. 25 6. Anordning ifølge krav 5 eller 6, kendetegnet ved, at profilet er mindst én af typen i gruppen bestående af en Gumey flap, et kantomsluttende takket kantprofil, og kantomsluttende profil med en aerodynamisk del med polygonal tværsnit til afbøjning af luftstrømmen over vingens trykside til ændring af vingens opdrift. 30 DK 177028 B1 7Device according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the profile is at least one of the type in the group consisting of a Gumey flap, an edge-enclosed thanks edge profile, and edge-enclosing profile with an aerodynamic section with polygonal cross-section for deflecting the air flow over the pressure side of the wing. change of wing buoyancy. 30 DK 177028 B1 7 6 DK 177028 B16 DK 177028 B1 7. Anordning ifølge krav 5, 6 eller 7, kendetegnet ved, at profilet er forstærket med glasfibre.Device according to claim 5, 6 or 7, characterized in that the profile is reinforced with glass fibers. 8. Anordning ifølge krav 8, kendetegnet ved, at glasfibrenes retning overvejende er i 5 vingens længderetning,Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that the direction of the glass fibers is predominantly in the longitudinal direction of the blade, 9. Reparationssæt til brug ved forebyggelse eller reparation af revner i en møllevinge, kendetegnet ved, at reparationssættet omfatter lim og et profil, hvor profilet er af typen, der efter montering på møllevingen giver en forbedring af vindmøllevingens αεί 0 rodynamiske egenskaber, og hvor limen er af typen, der kan arvendes til limning af profilet på møllevingen under almindelige vejrforhold.9. Repair kit for use in preventing or repairing cracks in a turbine blade, characterized in that the repair kit comprises glue and a profile, the profile being of the type which, after mounting on the turbine blade, provides an improvement of the rhodynamic properties of the turbine blade and wherein the glue is the type that can be inherited for gluing the profile on the milling blade under normal weather conditions.
DKPA200201776A 2002-11-19 2002-11-19 Method and apparatus for use in repairing mill blades DK177028B1 (en)

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