DK157173B - PROCEDURE AND APPARATUS FOR CONTINUOUS IMPLEMENTATION OF CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL REACTIONS BETWEEN A FLOWING MEDIUM AND SOLIDS - Google Patents

Description

DK 157173 BDK 157173 B

Opfindelsen angâr en fremgangsmâde til gennemf0relse af kemiske og fysiske reaktioner mellem et str0mmende medium, f.eks. gas og faste stoffer. Endvidere angâr opfindelsen et apparat til ud0velse af fremgangsmâden.The invention relates to a method for carrying out chemical and physical reactions between a flowing medium, e.g. gas and solids. Furthermore, the invention relates to an apparatus for carrying out the method.

5 Fremgangsmâden, og apparatet er ogsâ egnet til h0jtem-peraturbehandling af faste stoffer, og til kalcinering, t0rring, k0ling eller opvarmning. Fremgangsmâden ud0ves i almindelighed under tilstedeværelse af flydende medier og faste partikler, idet partiklerne bliver bevæget, og 10 bevægêlserne sker i et fladt flertrinshvirvelkammer» hvori hovedstr0mningerne forl0ber som flade ringstrpmme.The process and apparatus is also suitable for high temperature treatment of solids and for calcining, drying, cooling or heating. The process is generally carried out in the presence of liquid media and solid particles as the particles are moved and the motions occur in a flat multistage vortex chamber in which the main currents proceed as flat annular currents.

Sâdanne kendte anlæg er beskrevet i CJS-PS 3 7S5 913 og i en artikel af H. Koller i Chemiker Zeitung 95, ârgang 15 1972, nr. 12. En noget anderledes fremgangsmâde er beskrevet af L.M. Kochetov et al., i Khimicheskoe i Neftyanoe Mashinostroenie, nr. 2, februar 1969. Begge fremgangsmâder har dog f0lgende mangler.Such known plants are described in CJS-PS 3 7S5 913 and in an article by H. Koller in Chemiker Zeitung 95, Year 15, 1972, No. 12. A somewhat different approach is described by L.M. Kochetov et al., In Khimicheskoe in Neftyanoe Mashinostroenie, No. 2, February 1969. However, both approaches have the following shortcomings.

20 Forholdsvis kort genneml0bstid, stærkere pâvirkning af termisk udstrâling eller indstrâling, st0rre mængde fremf0ringsgas, der ikke fuldt ud udnyttes til reak-tionen, sâfremt den ikke kan f0res tilbage i kredsl0bet, samt forholdsvis store apparatomkostninger og stort 25 pladsbehov, nâr flere apparater ma anvendes samlet kaskadevist for at opnâ en noget længere behandlingstid og en forbedret koncentration af de faste stoffer.20 Relatively short run-time, stronger impact of thermal radiation or radiation, larger amount of feed gas not fully utilized for the reaction if it cannot be returned to the circuit, and relatively large appliance costs and large space requirements when more appliances are used overall cascade view to achieve a somewhat longer processing time and improved solids concentration.

Opfindelsen har til formâl at anvise en fremgangsmâde og 30 et apparat til ud0velse af fremgangsmâden, hvormed de forannævnte mangler kan undgâs i vidt omfang.The invention has for its object to provide a method and apparatus for practicing the method by which the aforementioned shortcomings can be largely avoided.

Der gâs derved ud fra en fremgangsmâde til kontinuerlig gennemf0relse af kemiske og fysiske reaktioner mellem 35 gasser og faste stoffer, ved hvilken varme tilf0res eller f jernes med en gasstr0m, der samtidigt er 2It thereby assumes a method for continuous conducting chemical and physical reactions between 35 gases and solids, at which heat is supplied or removed with a gas stream which is simultaneously 2

DK 157173 BDK 157173 B

materialebærer.material carrier.

Materialestr0ramen tilf0res et cylindrisk kammer og ud-ledes centrait, hvorved der opstâr en i kammeret langs 5 dettes væg roterende partikelring. If0lge opfindelsen opdeles denne roterende partikelring i flere koncentrisk roterende materialeringe, hvoraf en del af hver udledes centrifugalt, medens den resterende del blandes med den nytilf0rte bærestr0m, hvorefter de inderst kredsende 10 partikler medtages af den udstr0mmende bærestr0m.The material stream is fed to a cylindrical chamber and discharged centrally, thereby forming a particle ring rotating in the chamber along its wall. According to the invention, this rotating particle ring is divided into several concentrically rotating materials, part of each being discharged centrifugally, while the remaining part is mixed with the newly introduced carrier stream, after which the innermost 10 particles are included by the flowing carrier stream.

Denne fremgangsmâde ud0ves i-f0lge opfindelsen i et apparat, af den i krav 2's indledning anf0rte art, og som er ejendommelig ved, at de koncentrisk beliggende 15 skillevægge i den over det vandrette midterplan be liggende halvdel af kamraeret har halvcirkelformede tværsnit, medens skillevæggene i den under det vandrette midterplan beliggende halvdel af kammeret har spiral-formede tværsnit, idet væggene er afbrudt og indbyrdes 20 forskud-t i radiær retning ved afbrydelsesstederne. Pâ denne mâde opnàs ved smâ dimensioner en meget stor varmeudligningsflade, hvorved genneml0bstiden forlænges fordelagtigt, og - .apparatomkostningerne formindskes væsentligt.This method is carried out according to the invention in an apparatus of the kind set forth in the preamble of claim 2, which is characterized in that the concentrically located partitions in the half of the horizontal plane above the horizontal plane have semi-circular cross sections, while the partitions in the half of the chamber located below the horizontal median plane has helical cross sections, the walls being interrupted and mutually displaced in a radial direction at the interruption sites. In this way, at very small dimensions, a very large heat-compensating surface is obtained, which advantageously extends the throughput time and - significantly reduces the cost of the apparatus.

2525

Opfindelsen forklares nærmere nedenfor, idet der beskrives eksempelvise udf0relsesformer for apparatet under henvisning til tegningen, hvor 30 fig. 1 er et skematisk, lodret snit af apparatet, fig. 2 er et snit efter linien A-A i fig. 1, fig. 3 er et skematisk, lodret snit af apparatet if0lge 35 en anden udf0relsesform, og 3The invention is explained in more detail below, by way of example embodiments of the apparatus with reference to the drawing, in which: FIG. 1 is a schematic vertical section of the apparatus; FIG. 2 is a section along line A-A of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a schematic vertical section of the apparatus according to another embodiment; and 3

DK 157173 BDK 157173 B

fig. 4 er et snit efter iinien B-B i fig. 3.FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. Third

Det i fig, 1 og 2 viste apparat er udstyret med et fladt cylindrisk kammer 8 med vandret akse, og som har en 5 ringformet sidevæg 2 og en cirkulær bund 5 med et centrait vandret udl0bsr0r 6, Til lukning af kammeret 8 findes et lâg 4. Endvidere er kammeret 8 udstyret med en tangentiel indstrdmningsâbning 7, der strækker sig over hele kammeret 8's bredde.The apparatus shown in Figs. 1 and 2 is provided with a flat cylindrical chamber 8 with a horizontal axis and having a 5 annular side wall 2 and a circular bottom 5 with a centrait horizontal outlet tube 6. For closing the chamber 8 there is a layer 4. Further, the chamber 8 is provided with a tangential flow opening 7 extending over the entire width of the chamber 8.

1010

Over bunden 5 findes en udskiftelig indsatsbund 3» der bærer fire cylindriske skillevagge- 11 af-tynd metalpla-de, der ved fastspænding af lâget 4 holdes urokkeligt fast i kammeret 8. Skillevæggene deler kammeret 8's 15 indre i fire koncentriske ringkanaler 1, som star i for-bindelse med hinanden. Med henblik herpâ er den over det vandrette midterplan liggende halvdel af hver skillevæg 11 udformet ncjagtigt halvcirkulært, medens de nedre halvdele er afbrudt og forl0ber spiralformigt. Afbry-20 delserne ligger i omrâdet for et kammer-radialplan, som {med uret) danner en vinkel pâ 180° ved det vandrette plan, og som endvidere ligger i nærheden af ind-strdmningsàbningen 7*s tangentielle munding» De set i retning med uret liggende ender af skillevæggene 11 har 25 hver en radiait udadb0jet forlængelse i forra af en ledetunge 12, der er rettet mod midten af den til-st0dende ringkanal 1. Disse ledetunger kan indstilles ved b0jning, sàledes at kanalerne l*s indstr0mnings-bredde ved indstr0mningsstederne kan finreguleres. I 30 givet fald kan ogsâ den anden ende af skillevæggene 11 være udstyret med ledetunger som antydet med 12'. Ledetungerne, henholdsvis 12 og 12* kan ândvidere være fastgjort drejeligt og være indrettet til at kunne indstilles under driften.Above the bottom 5 is an interchangeable insert bottom 3 which carries four cylindrical dividers 11 of thin metal plate which, when clamped on the lid 4, are held firmly in the chamber 8. The partitions divide the interior of the chamber 8 into four concentric annular channels 1, which star in connection with each other. For this purpose, the half of the horizontal median plane above each partition wall 11 is formed in a semi-circular manner, while the lower halves are interrupted and spiraled. The interruptions lie in the area of a chamber radial plane which {clockwise) forms an angle of 180 ° at the horizontal plane, and which is also close to the inlet opening 7 * tangential orifice »They are seen in the direction of the clockwise ends of the partitions 11 each have a radially outwardly extending extension in front of a guide tongue 12 directed toward the center of the adjacent annular channel 1. These guide tongues can be adjusted by bending such that the channels l the inflow points can be fine-tuned. If desired, the other end of the partitions 11 may also be provided with guide tongues as indicated by 12 '. Furthermore, the guide tongues, 12 and 12 *, can be pivotally fixed and arranged to be adjustable during operation.

35 435 4

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Fig. 3 og 4 viser en udf0relsesforraf hvor kammerets væg 2, bund 5 og udstr0mningsr0r 6 er udstyret med varme-kapper. Ogsâ skillevæggene 11 er dobbeltvæggede og kan efter behov opvarmes eller afk0les. Till0bet for varme-5 bæreren er vist skematisk med 14, og afl0bet sker ved 15.FIG. Figures 3 and 4 show an embodiment in which the chamber wall 2, bottom 5 and discharge pipe 6 are provided with heating caps. Also, the partitions 11 are double-walled and can be heated or cooled as required. The inlet for the heat carrier is shown schematically by 14 and the outlet is at 15.

Den beskrevne fremgangsmâde kan f.eks. ud0ves sâledes: 10 Den med fugtede materialepartikler ladede gas presses ind i den tangentielle tilstr0mningsâbning 7. Pâ grund af afb0jning langs den krumme kammervæg 2 0ges str0m-ningshastigheden, og der danner sig en næsten plan ring af roterende partikler, idet de tunge, fugtige materia-15 lepartikler som f0lge af deres inerti bibeholder deres store hastighed og pâ grund af centrifugalkraften s0ger den st0rst mulige radius for deres kredsningsbane. ünder kredsbevægelsen fcommer partiklerne i varmeudveksling med den varme bæregas, hvorved de t0rres og f0lgeligt bliver 20 lettere. De kontinuerligt nyindstr0mmende, vâde og tunge partikler blander og fortrænger de nu lettere partikler til de længere indad liggende baner, jfr. pilene. Det samme. .sker ogsâ, nâr partiklerne ikke bli-ver lettere, men fâr en mere findelt struktur som fplge af en reak-25 tion. Den roterende partikelring bliver opdelt i flere koncentriske ringe, idet de pâ den indre bane i den f0r-ste ringkanal kredsende partikler str0mmer gennem afbry-delsen i skillevæggen 11 til den ydre kredsbane i den f01gende indre ringkanal og blander sig med det der 30 kredsende materiale. Pâny bliver partikler, der er ble-vet mere letstr0mmende, trængt ind pâ den indre bane og bliver ved ftjælp af de hertil indstillede ledetunger 12 udskilt fra den forudgâende ringstrpm og blandet op i den efterf0lgende ydre ringstr0m. Dette gentages til ind 35 i den inderste ringkanal, hvorfra partiklerne bliver f0rt ud med gasstrpmmen gennem udstr0mningsr0ret 6.The described method may e.g. is effected as follows: 10 The gas loaded with wetted material particles is pressed into the tangential flow opening 7. Due to deflection along the curved chamber wall, the flow velocity is increased and an almost flat ring of rotating particles forms, with the heavy, damp matter 15 particles due to their inertia maintain their high velocity and due to the centrifugal force, seek the greatest possible radius for their orbit. During the circular motion, the particles exchange heat with the hot carrier gas, thereby drying and subsequently becoming lighter. The continuously new inflowing, wet and heavy particles mix and displace the now lighter particles for the longer inward trajectories, cf. arrows. The same. also occurs when the particles do not become lighter but have a more finely divided structure as a result of a reaction. The rotating particle ring is divided into several concentric rings as the particles circulating on the inner path of the first annular channel through the break in the partition 11 to the outer circular path of the subsequent inner annular channel and mix with the circulating material. . Then particles which have become more light-flowing are penetrated into the inner web and, by means of the guide tongues 12, are separated from the preceding ring stream and mixed into the subsequent outer ring stream. This is repeated to enter 35 into the innermost annular duct, from which the particles are discharged with the gas stream through the effluent tube 6.

Claims (3)

1. Fremgangsntâde til kontinuerlig gennemf0relse af ke-5 miske eller fysiske reaktioner mellern et str0mmende medium og faste stoffer, og hvor varme tilf0res eller fjernes med en gasstr0mf som samtidigt er raateriale-bærer, og som indf0res tangentialt i et cylindrisk kammer med vandret akse og parallelle, plane sidevægge 10 og udf0res centrait, hvorved der i kammeret opstâr en langs kammerets ydervæg roterende partikelring, k e n-detegnet ved, at den parallelt med sidevæggene roterende partikelring opdeles i flere koncentrisk roterende ringe, idet der til stadighed ledes en del af 15 hver af disse ind mod midten, og den resterende del blandes med den nytilf0rte bærestr0m, hvorved de inderst kredsende partikler f0res ned af den udstr0mmende bærestr0m.A process for continuous conducting chemical or physical reactions between a flowing medium and solids, and where heat is supplied or removed with a gas stream which is simultaneously raw material carrier and introduced tangentially into a cylindrical chamber with horizontal axis and parallel, flat sidewalls 10 and are formed centrally, whereby a particle ring rotating along the outer wall of the chamber is formed, characterized in that the particle ring rotating parallel to the sidewalls is divided into several concentrically rotating rings, with a portion of 15 being continuously guided. each of these towards the center, and the remaining portion is mixed with the newly introduced carrier stream, whereby the innermost orbiting particles are fed down by the flowing carrier stream. 2. Apparat til gennemf0relse af kemiske eller fysiske reaktioner mellern et str0mmende medium og faste stoffer, sâsom t0rring eller k0ling af i en varmeudvekslende gas-str0m suspenderede st0v~ eller pulverformede eller granulerede materialér, ' og som omfatter et cylindrisk 25 kammer (8) med vandret akse, og en fortrinsvis plan endebund, en tangential indstr0msningsâbning (7) og en central udstr0mningsâbning (-6)- for gasmaterialestr0mmen, samt et antal i kammeret (8) koncentrisk beliggende skillevægge (11), der opdeler det cylindriske kammer (8) 30. koncentriske, i hovedsagen lige brede ringkanaler, kendetegnet ved, at de koncentrisk beliggende skillevaegge (11) i den over det vandrette midterplan beliggende halvdel af kammeret (8) har halvcirkelformede tværsnit, raedens skillevæggene i den under det vandrette 35 midterplan beliggende halvdel af kammeret (8) har spiralformede tværsnit, idet væggene er afbrudt og ind” DK 157173 B byrdes forskudt i radiær retning ved afbrydelses-stederne.2. Apparatus for conducting chemical or physical reactions between a flowing medium and solids, such as drying or cooling suspended in a heat-exchanging gas stream, dust or powdery or granular materials, and comprising a cylindrical chamber (8) with a horizontal axis, and a preferably flat end bottom, a tangential inflow opening (7) and a central outflow opening (-6) - for the gas material flow, and a plurality of centrally located partitions (11) in the chamber (8) dividing the cylindrical chamber (8) 30. concentric, generally broad annular channels, characterized in that the concentrically located partitions (11) of the half of the chamber (8) located above the horizontal median plane have semi-circular cross sections, the partitions of the root in the half of the horizontal median plane the chamber (8) has helical cross sections, with the walls broken off and in. "DK 157173 B is displaced in the radial direction by the interrupt tederne. 3. Apparat if0lge krav 2, kendetegnet ved, at 5 hver skillevæg (11) i omrâdet ved afbrydelsen er udsty-ret med en indstillelig ledetunge (12), der-er rettet mod midten af den tilst0dende ringkanal (1). 10 15 20 25 30 35Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that 5 each partition (11) in the area at the interruption is equipped with an adjustable guide tongue (12) which is directed towards the center of the adjacent annular channel (1). 10 15 20 25 30 35